ARTICLE · 1310076
小学英语语法 07 there be 句型 一篇讲透
短篇共读
Hello小朋友们和家长朋友们！英语语法系列，第七篇来啦。 今天讲：there be 句型。 There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有一本书。 There are two cats under the tree. 树下有两只猫。 学完这一篇，孩子能： - 知道 is 和 are 跟谁走（就近原则） - 分清 there be 和 have 的区别 - 掌握否定句和疑问句的变法 - 知道 there be 和 have 不能同时用 - 避开 5 个最容易错的地方
01 · there be 是什么
一句话理解：there be = 「某地有某物」。
公式：There + is / are + 名词 + 地点
There is a computer on the desk. 桌子上有一台电脑。
There are many books in the library. 图书馆里有许多书。
这里的 there 没有「那里」的意思，它是个引导词，只负责把句子撑起来。
真正表示「有」的是后面的 is / are。
中文里说「有」，英文有两种说法：there be 和 have。这一篇要把它们分清。
02 · is 和 are 怎么选
关键：看紧跟着 be 动词后面的第一个名词。
这一条有个名字叫「就近原则」——be 动词只管最近的那一个名词，后面的名词不管单复数。
There is a pen and two books on the desk.
（有 a pen 在前，所以用 is）
There are a pen and two books on the desk.
（这样就错了，are 管不到 pen）
03 · there be 和 have 的区别
这是本篇最重要的一节。
考试和写作里最常见的错误是：两个一起用。
✗ I have a brother and there are two sisters. 这种情况应该是 I have a brother and two sisters.
✗ There have two cats. → ✓ There are two cats.
04 · 否定句和疑问句
变法都在 be 动词上。
否定句：在 be 动词后面加 not。
There is not a book on the desk. → There isn't a book on the desk.
There are not any books here. → There aren't any books here.
疑问句：把 be 动词提到 there 前面。
Is there a book on the desk?
Are there any books here?
回答：
Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.
疑问词句：
What is in the box? 盒子里有什么？
Who is in the classroom? 教室里是谁？
How many books are there? 有多少本书？
05 · 常用的搭配
there be 有几个固定搭配，记住了用起来就顺。
表示「有……（地点）」：
There is a zoo in the park. 公园里有个动物园。
There be + 形容词 + 人，表示人的状态：
There is a hungry boy in the room. 房间里有个饿着的男孩。
There be + 过去分词，表示被动：
There is a broken window. 有扇破了的窗户。
there be 的疑问形式：
Is there...? 答 Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
Are there...? 答 Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.
注意：There be 句型的复数疑问是 Are there?，不是 Do there?
06 · 完整对话
场景：Mia 和 Leo 在 Mia 的房间里。
Leo: Wow! Your room is nice. Is there a computer on the desk?
哇！你的房间真好。桌子上有电脑吗？
Mia: Yes, there is. There are also some books on the shelf.
有的。书架上还有几本书。
Leo: Are there any toys in the box?
盒子里有玩具吗？
Mia: There are some cars and a doll in it.
里面有一些小汽车和一个娃娃。
Leo: Is there a cat in your room?
你房间里有猫吗？
Mia: No, there isn't. But there is a photo of my cat on the wall!
没有。但墙上有一张我猫的照片！
07 · there be 句型的时态
there be 也能变时态，跟着时间走就行。
关键：过去时里，was 对应单数，were 对应复数。
08 · 易错点 Top 5
错误一：there be 和 have 混用。
✗ There have two cats. → ✓ There are two cats.
错误二：就近原则没掌握。
✗ There is a pen and two books. → ✓ There is a pen and two books.（is 对应 a pen）
错误三：复数疑问用了 Do。
✗ Do there any books? → ✓ Are there any books?
错误四：there is 后面用了复数名词。
✗ There is two books. → ✓ There are two books.
错误五：There be 和 have 一起出现在一个句子里。
✗ I have a brother and there are two sisters. → ✓ I have a brother and two sisters.
09 · 互动游戏
游戏一：屋里有什么
家长指着一个东西说：There is a table.
孩子说：There is a chair. There are two books.
轮流说，接不上就换人。
游戏二：is 还是 are
家长说：There ___ two apples.
孩子答：are！
家长说：There ___ some milk.
孩子答：is！
家长说：There ___ a pen and three pencils.
孩子答：is！（就近原则）
这一题最关键，能检验孩子有没有真懂。
10 · 选一选
1. There ______ some milk in the cup.
A. is B. are C. have
2. There ______ two books and a pen on the desk.
A. is B. are C. be
3. ______ there any students in the classroom?
A. Is B. Are C. Do
4. There ______ a park in my city.
A. is B. are C. have
5. There ______ two cats and a dog in the garden yesterday.
A. is B. was C. were
11 · 答案
1. A — milk 不可数，用 is。
2. A — 就近原则，最靠近的 a pen 是单数，用 is。
3. B — students 是复数，疑问用 Are there。
4. A — a park 是单数，用 is。
5. C — yesterday 用过去式，two cats 是复数用 were。
错一两题很正常。把「就近原则」那一节再看一遍，第2题就彻底明白了。
12 · 一起聊聊
本篇重点：
公式：There + is/are + 名词 + 地点
就近原则：be 动词只看紧跟其后的第一个名词
there be 表示客观存在，have 表示「谁拥有」，不能同句并用
否定：be 后面加 not；疑问：be 提到 there 前面
时态：There is/are，There was/were，There will be
家长陪孩子：
带孩子在房间里说「There is a ...」「There are ...」
让孩子找一找家里哪些东西是 have 的，哪些是 there be 的
收藏这一篇，there be 一次过关。
一起聊聊
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