文档内容
2025 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国一卷)
英语学科
本试卷满分 150 分, 考试用时 120分钟。
第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共 15小题; 每小题 2.5分, 满分 37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Thegreeningofplanes,trainsandautomobiles
MovinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisresponsibleforalargepartofglobalCO emissions(排放).As
2
theworldracestodecarbonizeeverything,itfacesparticularproblemswithtransportation—whichaccountsfor
aboutaquarterofourenergy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Here’sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin2018for
differentmodesoftransport.
Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen,cheapandpowerful,butalsolightweightandsafeenoughto
becarriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasitsspecificfuelneeds.Muchisstilltobesettled,butherearesome
ofthesolutionstogetusgoinggreen.
PLANES—Synthetichydrocarbons CARS—Batteries
Thehardestsectortodecarbonizeisaviation. Batteriesareenergy-efficientandelectric
Onelong-termoptionforsustainablefuelfor carscanplugintoexistingsystemsand
planesistomakehydrocarbonsfromrecycled services.Newsolid-statebatterieswilltakea
air. carfartheronasinglecharge.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司TRAINS—Electricity TRUCKS—Hydrogen
SHIPS— Liquidammonia
Sometrainsarealready fuelcells
Liquidammoniaiseasyto
electrifiedthroughrailsor Hydrogenfuelcellsarea
keepandtransport,butitis
wires;otherscanbemade lighterchoicethanbatteries
hardtoignite(点燃)and
electricinprettysimple fortrucks,butmakinggreen
requiresanengineredesign.
ways. hydrogenisexpensive.
Thisenergytransition(变革)isglobal,andtheamountofrenewableenergytheworldwillneedis“alittlebit
mind-blowing,”saysmechanicalengineerKeithWipkeattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.It’s
estimatedthattheglobaldemandforelectricitycouldmorethandoubleby2050.Fortunately,analysessuggestthat
renewablesareuptothetask.“Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,anditwillallgetused,”says
Wipke.
1.Whatpercentageofglobaltransportemissionsdidroadvehiclesaccountforin2018?
A.11.6%. B.45.1%. C.74.5%. D.86.1%.
2.Whichmodeoftransportcangogreencomparativelyeasily?
A.Planes. B.Trucks. C.Trains. D.Ships.
3 WhatdoesWipkesuggestregardingenergytransition?
.
A.Limitingfuelconsumption. B.Puttingmoreeffortintorenewables.
C.Improvingenergyefficiency. D.Makingelectricitymoreaffordable.
【答案】1.C 2.C 3.B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车
等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据图表信息ROADVEHICLES部分中“ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%(道路(客运)45.1%)”以
及“ROAD(GOODS)29.4%(道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，即道路车
辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。故选C项。
【2题详解】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS—Electricity部分中“Sometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsor
wires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.(一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化；其他火
车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知，火车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergyanditwillallgetused,”
saysWipke.(Wipke说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都会被利用起来。”)”可知，Wipke
建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。故选B项。
B
Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemanded
hissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofher
younglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knew
theirsubjectssowell.
Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:“Whyiswritingimportant?”Most
oftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)
statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpages
onthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhave
tochange.
Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.
Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunit
followedbyacreative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(体裁)
andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,
10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.
Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudents
demonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbook
fullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’s
skin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.
4.Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?
A.Ninthgraders. B.Students’parents.
C.Modernwriters. D.Fictionalcharacters.
5.Whydidthestudentsperformpoorlyinwritingtheirfirstessay?
A.Theywerenotgivenenoughtime. B.Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司C.Theymisunderstoodthequestion. D.Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph3mean?
A.Mixed. B.Amazing. C.Similar. D.Disturbing.
7.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?
A.Teachingislearning. B.Stillwatersrundeep.
C.Knowledgeispower. D.Practicemakesperfect.
【答案】4.D 5.D 6.B 7.A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写
作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,a
strictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterher
parentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’d
createdthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.(去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小
镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——因父母反对她年少的
爱情而心碎离世。来源：高三答案公众号。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是
如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作
中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcould
beinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.
Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethem
asimportant.(大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问
题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，
学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedin
stories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.(结果是staggering。学
生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我
的心)”可知，学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。staggering意为“令
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司人震惊的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing(惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.
However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalked
awaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,
toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.(我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至
关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴
离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真
谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正
意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“Teachingislearning(教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者
通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。
C
Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshow
declinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtraffic
ontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.
DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBrömmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.Intheirnewbook
Movement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandthe
roletheyplayinourlives.
Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfor
newroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadian
journalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofher
localpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor
(市长)tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”Similarcampaignsoccurredin
Australiainthelate1960sand1970saswell.
Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswere
completelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.
InAustraliawenowhaveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty-sixmillionpeople,amongthehighestrate
ofcarownershipintheworld.
Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereally
recognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?Theauthorsof
Movementhaveitright:it’stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司8.Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1?
A.Carsoftengetstuckontheroad. B.Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.
C.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore. D.Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.
9.WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo?
A.Keeptheircitieslivable. B.Promoteculturaldiversity.
C.Helptheneedyfamilies. D.Makeexpresswaysaccessible.
10.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecampaignsinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970s?
A.Theyboostedthesalesofcars. B.Theyturnedoutlargelyineffective.
C.Theywongovernmentsupport. D.Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.
11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.WhytheRush? B.What’sNext?
C.WheretoStay? D.WhotoBlame?
【答案】8.C 9.A 10.B 11.A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿
童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,
transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparents
saythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecar
instead.(虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻
儿童。来源：高三答案公众号。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他
们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanin
theearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposed
replacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplace
tolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”(最著名的是，一位加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初举家迁往曼哈顿，她领
导了一场阻止当地公园被毁的运动。在描述她对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊时，JaneJacobs呼吁
她的市长捍卫“纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而不仅是匆匆穿过的通道”)”可推知，加拿大记者和其他运动参
与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选A。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajority
ofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroads
hasbeenincreasingrapidly.(尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车需求重新设计。道
路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加)”可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车
发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailto
accountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafely
aroundourcommunities?(我们在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。
我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗)”可推
知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A项“WhytheRush?(为何匆匆？)”质问“rush
through(匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。
D
MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepsea
andontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarctic
snow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.
Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics
inwaterfrom yourtap(水龙头):boilingandfiltering(过滤) it.InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmental
Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then
filteringitafteritcools—couldremoveatleast80percentofitsmicroplastics.
Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics.
Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropin
plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams ofcalcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by
just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn’t include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three
commontypes—polystyrene,polyethyleneandpolypropylene—andtheydidn’tstudyotherchemicalspreviously
foundinwatersuchasvinylchloride.
Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure — a task that’s becoming
increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more
microplasticsthanoriginallythought.
Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. “The way they demonstrated
how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an
environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New
Scientist.“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.”
12.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?
A.Byquotinganexpert. B.Bydefiningaconcept.
C.Bygivingexamples. D.Byprovidingstatistics.
13.Whatdeterminestheeffectivenessoftrappingmicroplasticsinwater?
A.Thehardnessofwater. B.Thelengthofcoolingtime.
C Thefrequencyoffiltering. D.Thetypeofplasticinwater.
.
14.Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningbottledwaterinparagraph4?
A.Theimportanceofplasticrecycling. B.Theseverityofthemicroplasticproblem.
C.Thedangerinoverusingpurewater. D.Thedifficultyintreatingpollutedwater.
15.WhatisGauchotte-Lindsay’ssuggestionabout?
A.Choiceofnewresearchmethods. B.Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.
C.Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers. D.Potentialapplicationofthefindings.
【答案】12.C 13.A 14.B 15.D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一项关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑料污染已遍及全球，甚
至进入人体。中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮沸五分钟并冷却后过滤。研究虽未涵盖所有塑料类型和化学
物质，但揭示了一种潜在解决方案。苏格兰环境工程师指出，该研究展示了煮沸法的有效性，并建议升级
饮用水处理厂以推广应用。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段内容“MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—they
have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and
evenfalleninfreshAntarctic snow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.(微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染
源——它们出现在在深海和喜马拉雅山上，被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。它
们甚至出现了在人类身体里。)”可推断，作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司酸钙)totraptheplastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoan
almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling
reducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent.( 至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来捕获塑
料。在这项研究中，将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于
60毫克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量。)”可知，决定在水中捕获微塑料的有效性的事水的硬度。
故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure
—a task that’s becoming increasingly diffcult. Even bottled water,scientists foundearlier this year,contains 10 to
1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.( 尽管如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途
径——这一任务正变得越来越困难。今年早些时候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比原
先想象的高出10到1000倍。)”可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的““Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticsweretrappedthroughtheboiling
process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in
Scotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinking
watertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.”( 格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师卡罗琳·高肖特-林赛
（CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay）没有参与这项研究，她告诉《新科学家》杂志：“他们展示的微塑料是如何
通过煮沸过程被捕获的方式很好。”“我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，这样它们就能去除微塑料。”)”
可知，Gauchotte-Lindsay提出了这项发现的潜在应用，升级饮用水处理厂。故选D。
第二节(共 5小题; 每小题 2.5分, 满分 12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
AnUnsungHero
Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and
more._____16_____
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly
what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. _____17_____As the customer
grabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,“Hello,howisyourday?”Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,
shedoesn’tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.
Murphygets upataquartertofive anddrives thirtyminutes everydaytogetto workontime._____18_____
“Ido so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司motherandwifehashelpedherbecomethewomansheis.Shebelievessheisheretoserve.
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a
studenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehavingbeforeseeingher.JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalscience
major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. _____19_____ “Catherine always has a huge
smileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,”Wrightsaid.
“Ienjoyworkinginthecafe ”Murphysaid._____20_____She hasevery intentionofstayingandcontinuing
,
doingwhatsheloves.
A.Thecafeclosesat9pmeveryday.
B.Shehastwochildrenagedeightandfour.
C.Sometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.
D.Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.
E.Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.
F.Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.
G.Shehasservedherefor17yearsandcan’timagineworkinganywhereelse.
【答案】16 E 17.D 18.C 19.F 20.G
.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述大学咖啡馆工作人员凯瑟琳·墨菲用真诚的服务和热情的微笑
为学生带来温暖的故事，展现了这位平凡英雄的动人之处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just
that,andmore.(课间需要休息或早上快速提神？大学咖啡馆提供这些，还有更多。)”可知，开篇引出咖啡
馆的功能，空格处需揭示“更多”的内涵。E选项“Notonlydoesthis cafeserve updrinks, italso serves up
smiles.(这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑。)”通过“Notonly...also...”结构，既承接“drinks”，又引
出下文核心——墨菲的微笑服务，符合语境。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks.(她在机器之间来回制作饮品。)”及
下文“As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Even
whentheline isgetting longer,shedoesn’tletit getinthe wayofhergenuine conversations.(当顾客从她手中接
过饮品时，她微笑着说：“你好，今天过得怎么样？”即使队伍越来越长，她也不会让这影响到她真诚的
交流。)”可推知，设空处需补充制作饮品后的环节。D选项“Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameon
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司thecup.(完成订单后，她会喊出杯子上的名字。)”中的“finishinganorder”衔接“makethedrinks”，“calls
outthename”引出顾客接饮品的场景，形成“制作—叫号—交付”的完整流程。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime.(墨菲每
天四点四十五起床，开车三十分钟准时上班。)”及下文“IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeeforthestudents.
(我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生煮咖啡。)”可推知，设空处需进一步体现她对工作的投入。C选项“Sometimes
shearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.(有时她会提前到达，提前为学生服务。)”中的“arrivesearly”补
充了“准时上班”之外的主动性，“servethestudentsearly”呼应“liketomakecoffeeforthestudents”，展
现其敬业精神。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a
week. (乔安娜・赖特是政治学专业的大四学生，她热爱咖啡，每周至少去这家咖啡馆六天。)”及下文
““Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerfulmood,”Wright said. (赖特
说“凯瑟琳总是笑容满面，这总能让我心情愉快。”)”可推知，设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的原因。F
选项“Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.(去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，
并为上课做好准备。)”中的“startsherdayoffgood”解释了“每周去六天”的动机，且“cheerfulmood”
与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果关系。故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.(她完全打算留下来，继续做
自己喜欢的事。)”可推知，设空处需体现她对工作的长期投入。G选项“Shehasservedherefor17yearsand
can’timagineworkinganywhereelse.(她已经在这里服务了17年，无法想象在其他地方工作。)”中的“17
years”凸显服务年限之长，“can’timagineworkinganywhereelse”强化对咖啡馆的情感联结，与“staying”
形成直接呼应。故选G项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分 30分)
第一节(共 15小题; 每小题 1分, 满分 15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
OneAugustafternoon,Isatinmykitchenstaringataglassvasethathadn’tseendaylightsincemywedding.
MyhusbandandIhadjustsoldourhouseandwewerebusy___21___thebelovedhomeourfamilyhadspent
23yearsfillingup.Wehaddecidedonkeyitemsforthe___22___weweremovingtointown,donatedwhatwe
could,andrentedaplaceto___23___oursupposedlyimportantobjects.Thatleftahousestill___24___with
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司thingsthat,whilenotparticularly___25___,didn’tbelonginalandfill(垃圾填埋场).
Itookapictureofthevaseandposteditonline,for$10.Acoupleofmessagescamein,onewantingadditional
___26___,anotheraskingforapricecut.Asour___27___daydrewnear,Isettledonanewprice($0)and
repostedit.The___28___:“Ihatethisvase.Maybeyouwon’t.”Inaninstant,awomanracedintomyhouseand
lefthappilywiththevase.
___29___,Ipostedmore.Mydailypostsandthe___30___Ireceivedbecameapreciousrayoflightinthe
chaosofmyhouse.Eachexchangeprovidedachanceto___31___thelandfillandtopleaseanotherpersonImight
nototherwisehave___32___.
Isitinmyapartmenttoday,lovingeachofthe___33___thatshareoursmallspace.Itake___34___in
knowingthat,somewherenearby,someoneis___35___somethingthatcouldn’tcomewithus.
21.A.paintingover B.lookingaround C.emptyingout D.pullingdown
22.A.hotel B.office C.cottage D.apartment
23.A.store B.display C.sell D.repair
24.A.covered B.decorated C.stuffed D.equipped
25.A.conventional B.valuable C.complicated D.tolerable
26.A.fees B.photos C.receipts D.models
27.A.move B.pay C.market D.work
28.A.warning B.request C.description D.reply
29.A.Confused B.Interested C.Disappointed D.Encouraged
30.A.visits B.reports C.advice D.money
31.A.remove B.spare C.find D.check
32.A.investigated B.recognized C.encountered D.recommended
33.A.giveaways B.posts C.contributions D.belongings
34.A.joy B.part C.care D.time
35.A.anticipating B.appreciating C.delivering D.withdrawing
【答案】21.B 22.D 23.A 24.C 25.B 26.B 27.A 28.C 29.D 30.A 31.
B 32.C 33.D 34.A 35.B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23年时间建
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司造的心爱的房子。A.paintingover 粉刷覆盖；B.lookingaround 环顾四周；C.emptyingout 清空；D.pulling
down 拆除。根据上文“ MyhusbandandIhadjustsoldourhouse”和下文“thebelovedhomeourfamily
hadspent23yearsfillingup”可推知，此处指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。故选
C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，
并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A.hotel 酒店；B.office 办公室；C.cottage 小屋；D.
apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“Isitinmyapartmenttoday”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。
故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，
并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A.store 储存；B.display 展示；C.sell 出售；D.repair 修
理。根据上文“rentedaplace”以及下文“oursupposedlyimportantobjects”可推知，此处指租地方是为了存
放重要物品。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场
的东西。A.covered 覆盖的；B.decorated 装饰的；C.stuffed 塞满的；D.equipped 配备的。根据上文“rented
aplaceto 3 oursupposedlyimportantobjects”以及下文“withthings”可推知，此处指房子里仍塞
满物品。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场
的东西。A.conventional 传统的；B.valuable 有价值的；C.complicated 复杂的；D.tolerable 可容忍的。根
据上文“whilenotparticularly”以及下文“didn’tbelonginalandfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃的
物品。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A.fees 费用；B.photos
照片；C.receipts 收据；D.models 模型。根据上文“Itookapictureofthevase”及“additional”可推知，
此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0美元）并重新发布了它。A.move
搬家；B.pay 支付；C.market 市场；D.work 工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“daydrewnear”可推知，
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司此处指搬家日临近。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A.warning 警告；B.request 请求；
C.description 描述；D.reply 回复。根据上文“Itookapictureofthevaseandposteditonline”以及下文“I
hatethisvase.Maybeyouwon’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A.Confused 困惑的；B.Interested 感兴趣的；C.
Disappointed 失望的；D.Encouraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“Inaninstant,awomanracedintomyhouseandleft
happilywiththevase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵的光
芒。A.visits 拜访；B.reports 报告；C.advice 建议；D.money 钱。根据上文“Inaninstant,awomanraced
intomyhouse”以及“Mydailyposts”和后文的互动，可推知，此处指去作者家里拜访。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可
能不会遇到的人。A.remove 移除；B.spare 省得；免去；C.find 发现；D.check 检查。根据上文语境以及
下文“thelandfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare引申为“免
去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可
能不会遇到的人。A.investigated 调查；B.recognized 认出；C.encountered 遇见；D.recommended 推荐。
根据上文“anotherpersonImightnototherwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人感到高兴。
故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A.giveaways 赠
品；B.posts 帖子；C.contributions 贡献；D.belongings 所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“Isitinmyapartment
today”以及下文“shareoursmallspace”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我
感到很快乐。A.joy 快乐；B.part 部分；C.care 关心；D.time 时间。结合语境，再根据上文“lovingeach
ofthe 13 thatshareoursmallspace.”以及下文“inknowingthat,somewherenearby”可推知，此处
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我
感到很快乐。A.anticipating 期待；B.appreciating 欣赏；C.delivering 递送；D.withdrawing 撤回。根据上
文“Itake 13 inknowingthat,somewherenearby”以及下文“somethingthatcouldn’tcomewithus”
可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。
第二节(共 10小题; 每小题 1.5分, 满分 15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartworkinspiredbyGo,orweiqiinChinese,
____36____originatedinChinamorethan4,000yearsago.
Goisoneof____37____earliestbinary-based(基于二元的)games.Themovementsoftheblackandwhite
piecesreflectthebasicideasofEasternphilosophy,accordingtoTuNingning,whoisinchargeoftheexhibition.
“TheexhibitionbringstogetherGoculture,cutting-edgetechnologyandcontemporaryart,”saysTu.“We
hope____38____(present)theratherabstractGogameandAIinavisualcontext,andinitiatedialogueswith
minimalistart,conceptualartandexpressionism.”
“InaGogame,eachmoveshouldservealong-termgoal.Youtrytoleadtheopponentintoyourtrapandforce
themtofollowyour’____39____(guide)tilltheylose,”explainsWangWei,aGoplayeramongthevisitorstothe
exhibition.
“Theplayers’personalities____40____(reveal)duringthegame,andone’sweaknessesareexposedtothe
opponent,”sheadds.“Adecentwinneralways____41____(try)tobeattheopponent____42____nomorethan
oneortwopointsasagesture(姿态)ofrespectfortheotherside.”
Tusaysthatthebalancebetweentheblackandwhitepieces,thebeautyinthe____43____(strategy)
placementofthepieces,____44____theenergyflowfollowingeachmoveinspiredartiststocreateoilpaintings,
sculptures,____45____(digital)generatedpicturesandsilk-screenprintsfortheexhibition.
【答案】36.which
37.the 38.topresent
39.guidance
40.arerevealed
41.tries 42.by
43.strategic
44.and 45.digitally
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。
【36题详解】
56. 考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围
棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go,orweiqiinChinese，指
物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义
艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hopetodosth.“希望做某事”，
所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填topresent。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow
的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。
【40题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句
描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语Theplayers’personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关
系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填arerevealed。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊
重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语adecentwinner为第三人称单数，所
以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。“by+具体数值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此处指“以一到两分的优势”，符合语
境。故填by。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的
能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，
需用形容词strategic“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic。
【44题详解】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司64. 考查连词。句意同上。thebalancebetweentheblackandwhitepieces,thebeautyinthestrategicplacementof
thepieces,theenergyflowfollowingeachmove三者为并列关系，作并列主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填
and。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分 15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你班的英语报要增设一个栏目。外教 Jenny 提出“Funatmyschool”和“GuesswhoI
am”两个选项供大家选择。请给Jenny写一封邮件，内容包括：
(1)你的选择；
(2)说明理由。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
DearJenny,
IreallyliketheideaofaddinganewcolumntoourEnglishnewspaper.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________
Yours,
LiHua
【答案】Onepossibleversion:
DearJenny,
IreallyliketheideaofaddinganewcolumntoourEnglishnewspaper.I’mwritingtoexpressthatmy
predilectiongoesto“GuesswhoIam”,whichcapitalizesonanobjectclausetosignalitspotentialcontents.
Thecolumnwillserveasacatalystforcloserbondsbetweenstudents.Redoublingeffortstoboostacademic
performance,wepaylittleheedtootherclassmates’personalities,hobbies,strengths,andevenaspirations.Suchan
invitingcolumn,adoptinga“descriptionandguess”approach,mustexposeeveryonetoothers’characteristics,thus
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司strengtheningmutualunderstanding.Moreimportantly,morefriendshipswillbeforged,sincethecolumnenables
ustobefriendsomeoneonthesamewavelength.
Thiseye-catchingcolumn,I’mfirmlyconvinced,won’tfailtograntthewholeclassaharmoniousatmosphere.
Yours,
LiHua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就外教Jenny提出的校英文报增设一个栏目，在“Funatmy
school”和“GuesswhoIam”两个选项中给出自己的推荐，并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：express→convey
利用：capitalizeon→use
担当：serveas→actas
注意：payheedto→takenoticeof
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Such an inviting column, adopting a “description and guess” approach, must expose everyone to others’
characteristics,thusstrengtheningmutualunderstanding.
拓展句：Such an inviting column, which adopts a “description and guess” approach, must expose everyone to
others’characteristics,thusstrengtheningmutualunderstanding.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’mwritingtoexpressthatmypredilectiongoesto“GuesswhoIam”,whichcapitalizeson
anobjectclausetosignalitspotentialcontents.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Moreimportantly,morefriendshipswillbeforged,sincethecolumnenablesustobefriendsomeone
onthesamewavelength.（运用了since引导的状语从句）
第二节(满分 25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
MywifeandIwantedtoshareournewhomewithfamilyandfriendsbyhostingasmallgatheringintheearly
summer.Shehadpreparedlotsofsnacks,whilemyjobwastohavethebackyardinorder.
There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My
brotherchosetobringhisdogToby,a50-poundballoffire.Thoughfriendly,hecouldeasilyknockovermyniece’s
small boys andmy six-month-old granddaughter.So, when my brother showedup, I asked him to watchToby and
keephimoutside.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard
andgivingthekidsplentyofroom.Unexpectedly,aftersupper,theweatherchanged.Itstartedtorainandeveryone
wentindoors.
It was an awkward moment. I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house, and my brother wasn’t
happywithdrivinghomewithawetdog.Eventually,mybrotherdecidedtoleaveratherthanforcetheissue.
Afewdayspassed,andIhadn’theardanythingfrommybrother.Itextedhimandexpressedwishesforhimto
come out again. His reply came as a surprise — a shock, actually: “Not a chance.” Clearly, he was unhappy over
thewaywehadparted.Afterall,Ihadlefthimlittlechoice.Well,he’llgetoverit,Ireasoned.
Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother,but I resisted, thinking he should call
first.However,myconscience(良心)keptbotheringme.Itriedtoputmyselfinmybrother’sshoes.Hewasfacing
health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant
companion,theonewhokepthimgoing.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Irealizeditwasmewhowasatfault.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________
Withthebiscuitsmywifehadmade,Iarrivedatmybrother’sdoor.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________
【答案】Onepossibleversion:
Irealized itwas me whowas atfault. Ihadbeensofocusedonkeeping thepartyundercontrolthatIfailedto
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司considerhowimportantTobywastomybrotherduringthisdifficulttime.Mypridehadkeptmefromreachingout,
andnowmonthshadpassedwithoutaproperconversation.Oneevening,Ipickedupthephoneandlefthimavoice
message, apologizing for my behavior and asking if we could meet. Tomy relief, he called back the next day,and
weagreedtogettogethersoon.
With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother’s door. He opened it with a surprised smile, and
for a moment, neither of us spoke. Then we hugged — something we hadn’t done since before his wife passed
away.Wesatonthe porchwithTobyresting besideus,andIhandedhim theboxofbiscuits. “Thankyou,”he said
quietly. We talked for hours, laughing, remembering old times, and slowly rebuilding what had been lost. As I
watchedTobygentlyresthisheadonmybrother’sleg,Iknewwewerefinallyonthepathtohealing.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因担心弟弟的狗Toby影响聚会，要求弟弟看好狗，后因天气
变化导致弟弟提前离开并心生芥蒂。两个月后作者意识到自己的过错，主动带着妻子做的饼干登门道歉，
最终兄弟俩和解的故事，展现了亲情中理解与包容的重要性。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我意识到是我错了。” 可知，第一段可描写作者反思自己在聚会上只顾控制局面，
忽视了Toby对弟弟的重要性，因骄傲迟迟未联系弟弟，最终通过电话留言道歉并约定见面。
②由第二段首句内容“带着妻子做的饼干，我来到了弟弟家门口。”可知，第二段可描写弟弟开门时的惊
讶与沉默，兄弟俩拥抱和解，坐在门廊上谈心，看着Toby依偎在弟弟腿边，明白亲情修复的意义。
2. 续写线索：反思过错——电话留言道歉——约定见面——带饼干登门——拥抱沉默——谈心和解——领
悟亲情
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①道歉：apologize/saysorry/makeanapology
②拥抱：hug/embrace
③重建：rebuild/restore/reconstruct
情绪类：
①宽慰：relief/comfort/satisfaction/ease
②惊讶：surprised/shocked/astonished
【点睛】[高分句型 1] I had been so focused on keeping the party under control that I failed to consider how
importantTobywastomybrotherduringthisdifficulttime.（运用了“so...that...”引导结果状语从句以及how
引导宾语从句）
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司[高分句型 2] One evening, I picked up the phone and left him a voice message, apologizing for my behavior and
askingifwecouldmeet.（运用了现在分词短语作状语以及if引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型 3]As I watchedToby gently rest his head on my brother’s leg, I knew we were finally on the path to
healing.（运用了as引导时间状语从句以及省略that的宾语从句）
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
