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2024 年中考英语新课标话题综合突破
07-人与自然(一)----自然生态、环境保护与灾害防范(B卷)
本系列按照新课标主题内容要求的三大范畴—“人与自我”、“人与社会”“人与自然”8大主题群精选全
国各地2024年最新模拟试题。
每个主题群有A、B两套练习。A套难度适中；B套难度相对较高。
每套练习包括完形填空(2篇)、阅读理解(4篇)、任务型阅读(1篇)、短文填空(2篇)、书面表达(2篇)。
一、完形填空
A
(2024·广东肇庆·一模)
Jackson Mann is a 16-year-old boy from Milford, UK. He has been interested in 1 since he was a
child. When he grew up, he began to care about animals around him and endangered wild animals. He even worked
with the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) to 2 SOS, a card game about endangered wild animals.
The idea for the game came by accident. Four years ago, Jackson and his family went on a trip to...Costa Rica.
During the 3 , he saw many wild animals and found that many children were interested in playing card
games. Then he 4 to make a card game about endangered wild animals. Jackson received lots of 5
and help from WWF.
SOS is for kids over 7 years old. It introduces not only some 6 information about wild animals, but
also some ways to save them when they are in danger. Jackson 7 that young people can learn about
endangered wild animals while playing games.
8 , great achievements have been made by SOS. Since its launch (发行), the card game has been quite
9 . Lots of kids buy it. “I will 10 all the money to wildlife protection organizations and will continue
to work in the field of endangered wildlife protection,” Jackson said.
What a great boy and a great card game!
1．A．flowers B．animals C．books D．planes
2．A．create B．change C．describe D．report
3．A．training B．exam C．journey D．meeting
4．A．waited B．refused C．failed D．decided
5．A．support B．tricks C．ceremonies D．space
6．A．private B．basic C．junior D．medical
7．A．hears B．worries C．remembers D．hopes
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8．A．Luckily B．However C．Hardly D．Again
9．A．easy B．boring C．popular D．expensive
10．A．throw away B．look for C．pay for D．give away
【答案】1-5 B A C D A 6-10 B D A C D
【解析】本文主要介绍致力于保护濒危野生动物的杰克逊·曼恩与世界自然基金会合作创建了一款纸牌游戏
“SOS”。
【小题1】句意：他从小就对动物感兴趣。
flowers花；animals动物；books书；planes飞机。根据“When he grew up, he began to care about animals
around him and endangered wild animals.”可知，他对动物感兴趣。故选B。
【小题2】句意：他甚至与世界自然基金会合作，创建了一款关于濒危野生动物的纸牌游戏“SOS”。
create创造；change改变；describe描述；report报道。根据“He even worked with the World Wildlife Fund
(WWF) to...SOS, a card game about endangered wild animals.”可知，创建了一款关于濒危野生动物的纸牌游戏
“SOS”。故选A。
【小题3】句意：在旅途中，他看到了许多野生动物，并发现许多孩子对打牌很感兴趣。
training训练；exam考试；journey旅行；meeting会议。根据“Jackson and his family went on a trip to...”可知，
去旅行了，所以是在旅途中，故选C。
【小题4】句意：然后他决定做一个关于濒危野生动物的纸牌游戏。
waited等待；refused拒绝；failed失败；decided决定。根据“Then he...to make a card game about endangered
wild animals.”可知，他决定做一个关于濒危野生动物的纸牌游戏。故选D。
【小题5】句意：杰克逊得到了世界自然基金会的大力支持和帮助。
support支持；tricks花招；ceremonies仪式；space空间。根据“Jackson received lots of...and help from
WWF.”可知，杰克逊得到了世界自然基金会的支持和帮助。故选A。
【小题6】句意：它不仅介绍了一些关于野生动物的基本信息，而且还介绍了一些在它们处于危险中时拯救
它们的方法。
private私人的；basic基本的；junior资历较浅的；medical医疗的。根据“It introduces not only
some...information about wild animals, but also some ways to save them when they are in danger.”可知，介绍了一
些关于野生动物的基本信息，故选B。
【小题7】句意：杰克逊希望年轻人可以在玩游戏的同时了解濒危野生动物。
hears听见；worries担心；remembers记得；hopes希望。根据“Jackson...that young people can learn about
endangered wild animals while playing games.”可知，表达了杰克逊的希望，故选D。
【小题8】句意：幸运的是，SOS取得了巨大的成就。
Luckily幸运地；However然而；Hardly几乎不；Again再。根据“great achievements have been made by SOS”
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可知，纸牌游戏取得了巨大的成就是幸运的，故选A。
【小题9】句意：自推出以来，这款纸牌游戏一直很受欢迎。
easy容易的；boring无聊的；popular受欢迎的；expensive昂贵的。根据“Since its launch (发行), the card
game has been quite...”可知，这款纸牌游戏一直很受欢迎。故选C。
【小题10】句意：我将把所有的钱捐给野生动物保护组织，并将继续在濒危野生动物保护领域工作。
throw away扔掉；look for寻找；pay for付款；give away赠送。根据“I will...all the money to wildlife
protection organizations”可知，将把所有的钱捐给野生动物保护组织，故选D。
B
(2024·河南郑州·二模)
The Warrens are a common family — two parents, a son and a daughter. However, they have done 1
uncommon. A few years ago, they sold their big house and moved to the countryside.
2 that’s not the only thing special they did. They built a small house which was powered by 3
!
Mr. Warren had been reading about all the problems with the electrical system. He wanted his family to play a
small part in saving 4 planet.
The Warrens decided to make their own electricity to 5 everything they needed for their daily lives.
The kids were 6 at first. “Will we still be able to have a television?” asked the daughter, Jane.
“What about my 7 ?” asked James, the son. “Don’t worry at all,” said their father. “Just because we are
going to produce our own power using the wind and the sun, it doesn’t mean we have to live in the 8
Ages.”
“We are going to set up a wind generator (发电机),” explained Mrs. Warren. “The wind is a 9 way
to make electricity. It’s free. It’s clean. And it blows really well at our new home. It doesn’t blow every day though.
That’s 1 0 we need to have some batteries (电池) to store our power. When the wind blows, it charges our
batteries. When there is no wind, we still have power in our batteries to 11 everything in our house.”
Mr. Warren added, “We are also going to have two solar panels (太阳能电池板). They will collect the energy
12 the sun and turn it into electricity, too. So, when the wind blows, we have power. When the sun shines, we
have power too.”
It was easy to see that Mr. Warren 13 believed in renewable (可再生的) energy. And all his family
agreed with him.
Now, the Warren family lives in this self-powered countryside 14 . They produce their own
electricity. They pay more attention to the power they use now. They turn off lights when they 15 a room.
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They live happily in this energy-renewable special house.
1．A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything
2．A．But B．Because C．Since D．Still
3．A．water B．sand C．wind D．snow
4．A．their B．his C．your D．our
5．A．buy B．power C．make D．cook
6．A．careless B．worried C．bored D．stressful
7．A．book B．kite C．pet D．computer
8．A．Dark B．Safe C．Strict D．Modern
9．A．expensive B．similar C．great D．common
10．A．when B．why C．how D．where
11．A．store B．run C．fix D．cover
12．A．for B．to C．with D．from
13．A．really B．finally C．nearly D．hardly
14．A．garden B．school C．home D．shop
15．A．find B．build C．clean D．leave
【答案】1-5 B A C D B 6-10 B D A C B 11-15 B D A C D
【解析】本文介绍了沃伦一家人搬到乡下，居住在用风能和太阳能供电的房子内，过着利用再生资源自给
自足的幸福生活。
【小题1】句意：然而，他们做了一些不寻常的事情。
everything一切；something某事；nothing没有什么；anything任何事物。此处是肯定句，表示“一些不寻常
的事情”，用something。故选B。
【小题2】句意：但这并不是他们做的唯一特别的事情。
But但是；Because因为；Since自从；Still仍然。句意出现转折，用But。故选A。
【小题3】句意：他们建造了一个由风驱动的小房子！
water水；sand沙子；wind风；snow雪。根据“Just because we are going to produce our own power using the
wind and the sun”可知用风力驱动。故选C。
【小题4】句意：他希望他的家人为拯救地球尽一点绵薄之力。
their他们的；his他的；your你的；our我们的。根据“saving ... planet”可知此处指人类共有的，“我们的”
地球。故选D。
【小题5】句意：沃伦一家决定自己制造电力，为他们日常生活所需的一切提供电力。
buy买；power驱动；make制作；cook做饭。根据“make their own electricity to ... everything they needed for
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their daily lives”可知此处表示为日常生活所需的一切提供电力。故选B。
【小题6】句意：孩子们一开始很担心。
careless粗心大意的；worried担心的；bored无聊的；stressful有压力的。根据“Will we still be able to have a
television?”及“Don’t worry at all”可知孩子们一开始很担心。故选B。
【小题7】句意：我的电脑怎么办？
book书；kite风筝；pet宠物；computer电脑。根据“Just because we are going to produce our own power using
the wind and the sun, it doesn’t mean we have to live in the ... Ages.”可知为用电问题担心，应该是担心电脑怎么
办。故选D。
【小题8】句意：仅仅因为我们要利用风能和太阳能来生产我们自己的能源，并不意味着我们必须生活在黑
暗时代。
Dark黑暗的；Safe安全的；Strict严肃的；Modern现代的。根据“Just because we are going to produce our
own power using the wind and the sun, it doesn’t mean we have to live in the ... Ages.”可知为用电问题担心，爸爸
告诉他们不是生活在黑暗时代。故选A。
【小题9】句意：风是发电的好方法。
expensive昂贵的；similar相似的；great极好的；common普遍的。根据“We are going to set up a wind
generator (发电机)”可知风力发电好采用风力发电机。故选C。
【小题10】句意：这就是为什么我们需要一些电池来储存能量。
when什么时候；why为什么；how如何；where在哪里。根据“And it blows really well at our new home. It
doesn’t blow every day though.”可知这是需要电池储存能量的原因，用why。故选B。
【小题11】句意：当没有风的时候，我们的电池里仍然有电力来运行我们家里的一切。
store储存；run跑，运行；fix修理；cover覆盖。根据“have power in our batteries to ... everything in our
house”可知有了电池，没有风的时候也能有电来运行家里的一切。故选B。
【小题12】句意：它们将从太阳收集能量并将其转化为电能。
for为了；to到；with和；from从。根据“collect the energy ... the sun”可知是从太阳收集能量。故选D。
【小题13】句意：很容易看出，沃伦先生确实相信可再生能源。
really真地；finally最终；nearly几乎；hardly几乎不。根据“We are also going to have two solar panels (太阳
能电池板). They will collect the energy ... the sun and turn it into electricity, too. So, when the wind blows, we have
power. When the sun shines, we have power too.”可知沃伦先生真地很相信可再生能源。故选A。
【小题14】句意：现在，沃伦一家住在这个自给自足的乡下房子里。
garden花园；school学校；home家；shop商店。根据“They built a small house”可知住在乡下的家里。故选
C。
【小题15】句意：他们离开房间时把灯关掉。
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find找到；build建造；clean打扫；leave离开。根据“They turn off lights when they ... a room.”可知离开房间
要关灯。故选D。
二、阅读理解
A
(2024·河北·模拟预测)
Become a waste fighter and help Captain Billy re-love, re-use and re-cycle old
plastic to toys.
You could get some great books for free too! Cool eh?
Love your toys
Your old plastic toys were specially chosen and they brought you lots of fun. They can also be used over and
over again.
Exchange with friends
Finished playing with your toys? Why not exchange them with friends? It helps to reuse your toys and pass on
the fun.
Drop off for recycling
Ask your school to join the Recycle to Read program. Drop off your broken plastic toys and get free books for
your school.
All plastic toys collected in the Recycle to Read are made into great new products.
Visit www.wastebusters.club to find out more information.
1．What could you get if you help Captain Billy collect old plastic toys?
A．Money. B．New toys. C．Free books. D．Reusable bags.
2．What does the underlined word “It” in the poster refer to (指代)?
A．Playing with toys. B．Getting great books.
C．Dropping off old toys. D．Exchanging toys with friends.
3．What can you do to find out more information?
A．Email Captain Billy. B．Ask your school.
C．Visit www.wastebusters.club. D．Call Recycle to Read magazine.
【答案】CDC
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【解析】本文主要讲述了有关重新热爱，重新使用和循环使用塑料玩具的一项活动。
【小题1】细节理解题。根据“Become a waste fighter and help Captain Billy re-love, re-use and re-cycle old
plastic to toys. You could get some great books for free too! Cool eh?”可知，会得到 一些免费的书。故选C。
【小题2】词义猜测题。根据“Why not exchange them with friends? It helps to reuse your toys and pass on the
fun”可知，与朋友交换玩具可以帮助重复使用玩具并传递快乐，所以It指代前文提到的“exchange toys with
friends”，故选D。
【小题3】细节理解题。根据“Visit www.wastebusters.club to find out more information”可知，访问
www.wastebusters.club网站获取更多的信息，故选C。
B
(2024·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·一模)
It happened today, which we never want to happen, but we’ve been preparing for it for a whole school year. A
tornado touched down (登陆) near our school.
I wasn’t even in the classroom at the moment. I had taken a student with me to the workroom to help gather
something for a test. When the emergency alarms went off, immediately I grabbed my student’s hand and ran as fast
as I could back to the classroom.
I never imagined needing to put our tornado practice into use. I never imagined actually needing to line my
students up against the wall and have them crouch down (蹲伏) with their knees and heads touching the ground,
hands on the backs of their heads. Their hearts beat so fast that they couldn’t catch their breath. Their fear-filled eyes
looked up at me as they asked if their parents, grandparents and friends were going to be fine. Never could I imagine
that the silence would come over the whole schoolyard, with hundreds of students gathered in the classrooms of one
building.
Other teachers and I tried our best to comfort our students, assure (使确信) them of their safety and promise
them everything would be all right, though we truly didn’t know what the result would be.
Today has done something bad to me, and I am sure it has done harm to the hundreds and thousands of
teachers in the local areas and surrounding areas. But at the same time, I am very proud, surprised and pleased with
how my students behaved. Never have I seen they follow directions so quickly and quietly. Even though tears were
in eyes and hearts were beating fast, my students were brave beyond their age today. They were able to be 100%
calm and collected (镇静的) the whole time and for that, I was greatly moved.
1．Where did the students gather during the tornado?
A．In the gym. B．In the hallways. C．In the classrooms. D．In the playground.
2．What can we know from paragraph 3?
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A．The students’ hearts beat fast because of fear.
B．The students were asked to stand against the walls.
C．The students were organized to run to the nearest exit.
D．The students felt certain about the safety of their families.
3．Why was the teacher greatly moved?
A．Because the tornado did not do harm to the local areas.
B．Because the parents worked well with the school all the time.
C．Because the students were brave and well-organized during the tornado.
D．Because hundreds of students lined up against the walls of one building.
4．What is the main idea of the text?
A．A horrible tornado hit the school.
B．The school was in a mess after the tornado.
C．A brave teacher saved many people’s lives during the tornado.
D．The teachers and students stayed calm when the tornado happened.
【答案】CACD
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和他的学生们在学校里经历的一次龙卷风。龙卷风来临时，
每个人都很害怕，但作者对学生们的表现感到非常自豪、惊讶和鼓舞，他们快速而安静地听从指示，尽管
学生们泪流满面，心跳加速，但他们非常勇敢。
【小题1】细节理解题。根据“When the emergency alarms went off, immediately I grabbed my student’s hand
and ran as fast as I could back to the classroom.”可知，龙卷风发生时，作者带着一个学生跑回了教室，因此学
生们是在教室聚集。故选C。
【小题2】细节理解题。根据“Their hearts beat so fast that they couldn’t catch their breath. Their fear-filled eyes
looked up at me as they asked if their parents, grandparents and friends were going to be fine.”可知，因为恐惧，学
生们的心跳得很快。故选A。
【小题3】推理判断题。根据“Even though tears were in eyes and hearts were beating fast, my students were
brave beyond their age today. They were able to be 100% calm and collected the whole time and for that, I was
greatly moved.”可知，作者对学生们在龙卷风袭击时表现的安静、勇敢、听从指挥很感动。故选C。
【小题4】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者讲述了他和学生们在学校遭遇龙卷风的经历。龙卷风发生时，
老师和学生们都保持冷静，让作者印象深刻。故选D。
C
(2024·浙江绍兴·一模)
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You are out and about, and you’re thirsty. So, you go into a store to get a drink. You’re not alone. Customers
worldwide buy more than 1.4 trillion drink containers (容器) a year. But the big question is: What do you do with
that container when you drink up? If it’s not recycled properly, it will become one of billions spread across rivers,
oceans and rubbish bins.
Rather than dropping that container in a rubbish bin, save it for a reverse vending machine (RVM). They’re
showing up in parks, schools, airports and supermarkets, so they are easy to find.
RVMs take used, empty bottles or cans and the user can get a reward (奖励). These rewards could be subway
tickets, phone cards and more. RVMs in some stores, such as 7-Eleven in Taiwan Province, offer shopping credits
(积分) that can be used in that store. Another kind of RVM, the ECOCO machine, can be found in Taiwan. It gives
credit for use in partner stores.
The first RVM, which only accepted plastic bottles, was made in Sweden in the 1950s. It was improved in the
60s to accept other recyclable materials. It was also changed to accept more than one bottle at a time.
The machine works by reading the Universal Product Code (UPC) on a received object. It then adds the UPC
to a database that records the number of objects someone is recycling. Next, the containers are broken into pieces.
Once the machine can’t hold more containers, the containers are returned to the correct recycling companies.
RVMs reduce (减少) the need for materials to make new containers. Besides, the objects are separated by
machine rather than by hand. And although the machines are not huge, they hold a lot before needing to be emptied.
So, enjoy your drink, recycle and get something back at an RVM!
1．Why does the writer use the question in Paragraph 1?
A．To show care for drinkers. B．To describe the container.
C．To help introduce the topic. D．To sell more drinks.
2．What can we learn about RVMs from the passage?
A．People need to pay much money to use RVMs.
B．RVMs can record the materials of the containers.
C．People can get cheap things from the RVMs in 7-Eleven.
D．The first RVM could accept only one bottle each time.
3．Which paragraph shows how RVMs work?
A．Paragraph 3. B．Paragraph 4. C．Paragraph 5. D．Paragraph 6.
4．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Recycle for a Reward B．Drink for the Environment
C．Shop for a Credit D．Change for the Money
【答案】CDCA
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【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了用于回收饮料瓶子的反向自动售货机。
【小题1】推理判断题。根据“What do you do with that container when you drink up? If it’s not recycled
properly, it will become one of billions spread across rivers, oceans and rubbish bins.”可知，此处是在询问如何处
理处理饮料瓶，用于引出下问中对反向自动售货机的介绍。故选C。
【小题2】推理判断题。根据“The first RVM, which only accepted plastic bottles, was made in Sweden in the
1950s. It was improved in the 60s to accept other recyclable materials. It was also changed to accept more than one
bottle at a time.”可知，第一台反向自动售货机经过改进后才能一次接受多个瓶子，由此可猜测第一台反向自
动售货机一次只能接受一个瓶子。故选D。
【小题3】主旨大意题。根据“The machine works by reading the Universal Product Code (UPC) on a received
object.”可知，反向自动售货机通过读取接收到的对象上的通用产品代码来工作，因此第五段主要讲的是该
机器是如何工作的。故选C。
【小题4】最佳标题题。根据“So, enjoy your drink, recycle and get something back at an RVM!”可知，循环利
用能从反向自动售货机那儿得到一些回报，因此A项“回收利用获得奖励”最适合做本文的标题。故选
A。
D
(2024·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·一模)
Human activity is changing the surface and temperature of our planet. But new research shows it is also
changing the sound of oceans and seas. Scientists say these changes may have an effect on many sea animals—from
very small fish to huge whales.
Sound travels very far underwater. For fish, sound is a better way to sense their environment than light. They
use sounds to communicate with each other. Sounds also help some ocean animals find food and avoid their hunters.
Sounds help fish and other sea animals survive.
However, increased noise from humans is making it harder for these animals to hear each other. The noise
comes from shipping traffic, underwater oil and gas exploration and other noisy human activities. For many sea
animals, their efforts to communicate are being masked by sounds that humans have made. Experts explain the term
masking, which happens when one or more noises in the water block sound that is important to an ocean animal’s
life.
Experts say that effects of noise on sea animals are not well understood. However, some studies suggest that
noise may cause hearing loss. The stress from human noise might also affect the immune (免疫) system. Many sea
animals are showing higher levels of stress because of noise. Also, the overall number of sea animals has gone down
by about half since 1970. In some parts of the ocean, scientists now record fewer animals singing and calling than in
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the past.
When people think of threats (威胁) facing the ocean, we often think of climate change, plastics and
overfishing. But noise pollution is another necessary thing we need to consider. When it comes to something humans
can do for the ocean, we need to think about how to make it quieter. Sound pollution may be easier to deal with than
other ocean threats. You can reduce or turn off sound at once. It’s not like plastics or climate change, which are much
harder to undo (消除).
1．Why is sound important for ocean animals?
A．They use it avoid hunters. B．They use it to sing and dance.
C．They use it to see their environment. D．They use it to communicate with humans.
2．What does the underlined word “masked” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Shocked. B．Showed. C．Covered. D．Protected.
3．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Swimming in the sea will also cause noise pollution.
B．Noise does more harm to sea animals than humans realize.
C．There is little that humans can do to reduce noise pollution.
D．Plastic pollution is the biggest threat facing oceans and seas.
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Importance of Oceans and Seas
B．The Biggest Threat to Oceans and Seas
C．The Communication Methods of Sea Animals
D．The Effects of Noise Pollution on Sea Animals
【答案】ACBB
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人类活动正在改变地球上海洋的声音，海洋和其他水域声音的变
化影响了许多海洋动物。
【小题1】细节理解题。根据“For fish, sound is a better way to sense their environment than light. They use
sounds to communicate with each other. Sounds also help some ocean animals find food and avoid their hunters.
Sounds help fish and other sea animals survive.”可知， 声音能帮助鱼类和其他海洋动物生存，帮助他们获取食
物、躲避猎人。故选A。
【小题2】词句猜测题。根据“The noise comes from shipping traffic, underwater oil and gas exploration and
other noisy human activities. For many sea animals, their efforts to communicate are being masked by sounds that
humans have made.”可知，人类活动的噪声掩盖了动物们交流的声音，由此可猜测masked意为“掩盖”。故
选C。
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【小题3】推理判断题。根据“When people think of threats facing the ocean, we often think of climate change,
plastics and overfishing. But noise pollution is another necessary thing we need to consider.”可知，当人们想到海
洋面临的威胁时，我们通常会想到气候变化、塑料制品和过度捕捞，但噪音污染是另一个我们需要监控的
必要因素。由此可猜测噪音对海洋动物的危害比人类意识到的要大。故选B。
【小题4】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，人类活动正在改变地球上海洋的声音，海洋和其他水域声音的变化
影响了许多海洋动物，是一个巨大的威胁，因此B项“对海洋的最大威胁”最适合做本文的标题。故选B。
三、任务型阅读
(2024·山东临沂·一模)
Do you remember the dodo? This big, quiet bird lived only in Mauritius, in the Indian Ocean. It did not fly, but
it was not in danger from other animals there. So it was not afraid. Then humans came to Mauritius and the animals
they brought like dogs killed dodos. Humans also cut down trees and destroyed the birds’ homes. And some of them
hunted dodos—not for food, but because they liked hunting. By about 1680, the last dodo was dead. This happened a
long time ago, but we cannot forget the dodo and we are never going to see a dodo alive again.
Animals became extinct before there were humans. But after the first people arrived in America, 73 percent of
the big animals in North America and 80 percent in South America disappeared. In Australia 90 percent of big
animals disappeared after people moved there from Asia about 50,000 years ago. Did people kill them all? Perhaps
not, we do not know. But they did die.
Can animals and humans live in the world together? Can we help? Some people help in important ways. Dian
Fossey went to Central Africa because she was interested in mountain gorillas. Mountain gorillas are big animals
with long arms and long black hair. She called on a lot of people to protect these animals and started the Dian Fossey
Gorilla Fund. She was very famous after she wrote her book Gorillas in the Mist. Dian’s work helped the gorillas,
and now the number of mountain gorillas is slowly going up.
Not everyone can make big changes to the world, but small changes by a lot of people help. The World Wide
Fund for Nature (WWF) works in 100 countries. You can give money or buy from their shops. You can also make
changes to your life. For example, you can walk to work or school or go by bicycle. Or other people can go with you
in your car and leave their cars at home. Perhaps you can change and eat other food instead of meat. Perhaps ...
We humans live in one world with animals. We must help them because our home is their home too.
1. Why did some of people hunt dodos?
________________________________________________
2. How many big animals disappeared in Australia after people got there?
________________________________________________
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3. What do you think of Dian Fossey?
________________________________________________
4. List at least two changes we can make to help animals.
________________________________________________
5. What’s the passage mainly about?
________________________________________________
【答案】
【小题1】Because they liked hunting.
【小题2】90 percent.
【小题3】She’s great/helpful/famous...(合理即可)
【小题4】 Give money to the WWF./Buy from WWF's shops./Make changes to our lives. /Walk or ride a bike to
school or work./Eat other food instead of meat./...(任选两项作答，并言之有理即可)
【小题5】Ways to help animals./It's mainly about how to protect animals.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些动物灭绝的原因，并就如何保护动物提供了一些方法和
建议;我们人类和动物生活在同一个世界，我们必须帮助动物，因为我们的家也是它们的家。
【小题1】根据第一段“And some of them hunted dodos-not for food,but because they liked hunting.”"可知，一
些人猎杀渡渡鸟不是为了食物，而是因为他们喜欢狩猎。故填Because they liked hunting.
【小题2】根据第二段“In Australia 90 percent of big animals disappeared after people moved there from Asia
about 50,000 years ago.”可知，在澳大利亚，大约5万年前人类从亚洲迁移到那里后，90%的大型动物消失
了。故填90 percent.
【小题3】根据第三段“she called on a lot of people to protect these animals and started the Dian Fossey Gorila
Fund. She was very famous after she wrote her book Gorillas in the Mist. Dian’s work helped the gorillas, and now
the number of mountain gorillas is slowly going up.”可知，戴安·福西呼吁很多人保护这些动物，并成立了戴安·
福西大猩猩基金;她还写了《雾中的大猩猩》;戴安的工作帮助了大猩猩，现在山地大猩猩的数量正在慢慢上
升。因此，戴安·福西是很伟大的，她帮助了山地大猩猩。故填She's great/helpful/famous...
【小题4】根据第四段" You can give money or buy from their shops. You can also make changes to your life. For
example, you can walk to work or school or go by bicycle. Or other people can go with you in your car and leave
their cars at home. Perhaps you can change and eat other food instead of meat.”可知，为了帮助动物，我们可以捐
钱，或从世界自然基金会商店买东西，或者步行/骑自行车去上班或上学，或者其他人可以坐你的车和你一
起去，或者改吃别的食物而不吃肉等等。故填Give money to the WWF./Buy from WWF's shops./Make changes
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to our lives./Walk or ride a bike to school or work./Eat other food instead of meat./...(任选两项作答，并言之有理
即可)
【小题5】综合全文可知，本文分析了一些动物灭绝的原因并就如何保护动物提供了一些方法和建议;人类和
动物生活在同-个世界，我们必须帮助动物，因为我们的家也是它们的家。故填Ways to help animals./It's
mainly about how to protect animals.
四、短文填空
A
(2024·辽宁·一模)
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的适当形式。
This week, our topic is pollution. We asked 1 (second) experts to give their views.
Forest Smith is a member of Green First, an environmental group:
“Our future on Earth looks 2 (terribly). We’re filling our country with waste. We can’t breathe the air, and
the sea 3 (pollute) too. I visited some relatives in a small village 4 (recent). They grow their own food and
cycle everywhere. They’re not rich, but they’re happy and healthy. We have too many possessions. Most of us have
more things than we would ever need. It’s such a waste! Another big problem is that we live in big 5 (city) that
are crowded with people. It’s time for us to go back to a simple way of life.”
John Green is a scientist at a university:
“Things are not as bad as Forest says. We all have 6 bright future. We don’t need to give up cars, 7 we
do need to invent better, cleaner cars that do not pollute the environment. Traffic will still be bad, however, so we
need better public transport. We should also recycle more. But some things are 8 (get) better. My sister returned
last month after living abroad for five years. She said, ‘ 9 (we) city looks different from before—it’s cleaner and
greener now.’ ”
Science has made life better in so many ways. A hundred years ago, most people died 10 the age of fifty
because life was so hard. We can’t go back to a world like that.
【答案】
【小题1】two
【小题2】terrible
【小题3】is polluted
【小题4】recently
【小题5】cities
【小题6】a
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【小题7】but
【小题8】getting
【小题9】Our
【小题10】before
【解析】本文主要介绍了两位专家关于污染这一话题发表的看法。
【小题1】句意:我们请两位专家发表了看法。experts是复数名词，其前用基数词two表示数量。故填two。
【小题2】句意:我们在地球上的未来看起来很糟糕。looks是系动词，后接形容词terrible作表语。故填
terrible.【小题3】句意:我们无法呼吸空气，海洋也被污染了。主语the sea与动词pollute存在被动关系，根
据“We can't breathe the air,and.”可知句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是 the sea，be用is，pollute的过
去分词为polluted。故填is polluted。
【小题4】句意:最近，我拜访了一个小村庄里的几位亲戚。根据“visited”可知此处用副词recently表示“最
近，近期”，在句中作时间状语。故填recently。
【小题5】句意:另一个大问题是我们居住在挤满了人的大城市里。根据“that are crowded with people”可知
此处应用city的复数形式cities。故填cities。
【小题6】句意:我们都拥有光明的未来。future在此为可数名词的单数形式，且bright为辅音音素开头的单
词，其前用不定冠词a表泛指。故填a。
【小题7】句意:我们不必放弃汽车，但是我们确实需要发明不会污染环境的更好的、更清洁的车子。空格前
后两个句子存在转折关系，用but连接。故填but。
【小题8】句意:但有些事情正越来越好。根据“are”可知此处用现在进行时表逐渐的变化。故填getting。
【小题9】句意:她说:“我们的城市看起来和以前不一样--它现在更干净、更环保了。”city是名词，此处应
用形容词性物主代词our修饰名词，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Our。
【小题10】句意:一百年前，由于生活艰苦，大多数人 50岁前就去世了。根据“because life was so hard”可
知生活艰苦导致过早离世，因此用before the age of fifty表示“50岁前”。故填before。
B
(2024·山东枣庄·一模)
阅读下面材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不
多于3个单词。
Japan is releasing nuclear wastewater (释放核废水) from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (福岛第
一核电站 ) into the Pacific Ocean, despite numerous objections ( 反对) at home and abroad. Fukushima
was 1 (hit) by a huge earthquake and tsunami (海啸) in 2011. The nuclear power plant was 2 (bad)
damaged, so the power company stored radioactive water in 1,000 giant tanks. It is now being released into the
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ocean 3 a long tunnel (隧道). Japan said that 4 water is safe and would not harm the environment. The
International Atomic Energy Agency said the water meets international 5 (safe) standards. It said the water
would 6 (cause) no harm to people. But it is not the truth.
Countries near Japan are angry 7 the unclear wastewater is going into the Pacific. Japanese fishermen are
also 8 (worry) about selling their fish. China has ended seafood from Fukushima and the capital city, Tokyo.
China said the release of the water was wrong and 9 (ask) Japan to stop. It said: “Japan is putting 10 (it)
own self-interest over the long-term well-being of all humankind.” Other countries are worried about food safety.
They will stop importing (进口) some Japanese food. People from South Korea have also expressed their objections.
【答案】
【小题1】hit
【小题2】badly
【小题3】through
【小题4】the
【小题5】safety
【小题6】cause
【小题7】that
【小题8】worried
【小题9】asked
【小题10】its
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了日本将福岛核电站的核废水排入太平洋，并声称这些水是安
全的，不会对环境造成危害但这是不真实的，日本附近的国家以及中国和韩国等国家都对这一行为提出了
反对。【小题1】句意:2011年，福岛遭到大地震和海啸的袭击。根据“was和“by"可知，此处应用一般过
去时的被动语态，应用过去分词形式hit。故填hit。
【小题2】句意:核电站遭到严重破坏，所以电力公司把放射性水储存在 1000个巨大的水箱中。分析句子成
分可知，此处应用副词形式badly修饰动词damaged。故填badly。
【小题3】句意:现在正通过一条长隧道把它排放到海洋中。根据“It is now being released into the ocean"和
“a long tunnel”可知此处应用介词through，表示从内部穿过。故填through。
【小题4】句意:日本说这水是安全的，不会对环境造成危害。分析句意可知，此处特指“日本排放到海洋中
的水”，所以此处应用定冠词“the”。故填the。
【小题5】句意:国际原子能机构表示，该水符合国际安全标准。safety standards意为“安全标准”。故填
safety。
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【小题6】句意:它说这水不会对人造成伤害。 根据“it said the water would.”"可知，情态动词would后应用
动词原形形式cause。故填cause。
【小题7】句意:日本附近的国家对不明废水流入太平洋感到愤怒。分析句子成分可知，此处后为宾语从句，
且在从句中不做成分，也无意义。故填that。
【小题8】句意:日本渔民也担心出售他们的鱼。be worried about sth.意为“担心某事”，固定搭配，此处应
用形容词形式worried。故填worried.
【小题9】句意:中国表示，排放水的做法是错误的，并要求日本停止排放。分析句子成分可知，此处与 said
作并列谓语，此处应用过去式形式asked。故填asked。
【小题10】句意:日本将自己的私利置于全人类的长远福祉之上。此处应用形容词性物主代词形式 its修饰名
词self-interest。故填its。
五、书面表达
A
(2024·河南南阳·二模)
每年的6月8日是世界海洋日（World Oceans Day）。你们小组为世界海洋日设计的海报荣获学校一等
奖（如下图），请代表你们组在英语课堂上做经验分享。
写作要求：1)介绍海报的主题；
2)描述其内容和意义；
3)分享你的感受；
4)文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称；
5)词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
参考词汇：theme 主题；poster 海报
Dear students,
I’m greatly honored to be here and share the experience of our team’s winning first prize for the poster designed
for World Oceans Day.
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_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
【答案】One possible version:
Dear students,
I'm greatly honored to be here and share the experience of our team's winning first prize for the poster designed
for World Oceans Day.
First of all, I would like to introduce the theme of our poster “protecting Our Oceans, Preserving Our Future",
which depicts a child fishing in the sea, but instead of catching fish, the fishing line is tangled with various types of
marine debris. This image aims to convey the message that irresponsible human activities are polluting the oceans
and threatening marine life. The poster serves as a powerful reminder of the impact of plastic pollution on the
oceans and the urgent need for action.Personally, working on this poster has been an eye-opening experience. It has
made me more aware of the critical issues facing our oceans and has inspired me to become more proactive in
advocating for marine conservation.In conclusion, I hope our poster can serve as a catalyst for positive change and
inspire others to take action to protect our oceans.
Thank you!
【解析】
[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇演讲稿;
②时态:时态主要为“一般现在时”和“现在完成时”;
③提示:需注意时态，围绕写作要求完成写作，注意行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接短文开头;
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第二步，介绍海报的主题，描述内容和意义并分享自己的感受:
第三步，呼吁大家保护海洋并承接短文结尾:
[亮点词汇]
①instead of而不是
②be tangled with与..纠缠在一起
③marine debris海洋垃圾
④aim to旨在
⑤inspire sb to do sth激励某人做某事
⑥take action to do sth采取行动做某事
[高分句型]
①I would like to introduce the theme of our poster “protecting Our Oceans, Preserving Our Future", which depicts a
child fishing in the sea, but instead of catching fish, the fishing line is tangled with various types of marine debris.
(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
②This image aims to convey the message that irresponsible human activities are polluting the oceans and
threatening marine life. (that引导的定语从句)
B
(2024·江苏扬州·一模)
假定你是李华，接到笔友Tommy的邮件询问有关垃圾分类的情况。请根据邮件内容给他回复，词数
100字左右。
To: Lihua 2024@163.com
From: Tommy@hotmail.com
Subject: Waste sorting
Dear Li Hua,
I hear that you are carrying out waste sorting in Yangzhou. Would you please share your ideas with me?
Why should you carry out waste sorting?
What do you do about waste sorting at school or at home?
What else can you do to protect the environment?
I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.
All the best,
Tommy
要求：
（1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
（2）必须包括提示中的所有信息，并适当发挥；
（3）词数在100词左右，开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；
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（4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
相关词汇：厨余垃圾kitchen waste；可回收垃圾recyclable waste；有害垃圾hazardous waste
Dear Tommy,
I’m happy to hear from you. In your mail, you asked about waste sorting here in Yangzhou. Now I’ll tell you
something about it.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________________________________
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All the best,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Tommy,
I'm happy to hear from you. In your mall, you asked about waste sorting here in Yangzhou. Now I’ll tell you
something about it.
In order to make an effort to make our city more beautiful, we carry out waste sorting. We separate the wastes
into different types.and then throw them into the rubbish bins. We will be able to save resources by making use of
recyclable waste. Hazardous waste will not pollute our environment after special treatment.
Here are some actions we can take to make the waste sorting better while we are at home. First, we can collect
more information about waste sorting and prepare different rubbish bins for different wastes. Paper can be recycled,
while kitchen waste especially leftovers can be collected as food for pigs or processed as fertilizer for plants. Above
all, such harmful waste as plastics and used batteries should not be mixed with other wastes. What's more, we can
tell our parents and relatives about the importance of waste sorting.
As well as waste sorting, keeping power off while electricity equipment is not in use is also a good idea to
protect our environment.
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If everybody takes action, we can make a big difference to our environment.
All the best,
Li Hua
【解析】
[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇应用文，为一封电子邮件;
②时态:时态主要为“一般现在时”;
③提示:文章应该包括邮件中所列要点，要适当补充，使文章内容充实;行文时多用第一人称，尽量多使用短
语和句型;写作中适当使用连接词，使行文连贯、顺畅。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开门见山，介绍垃圾分类情况，从而引出话题;
第二步，阐述垃圾分类的意义;
第三步，介绍在家或在学校你是如何进行垃圾分类的?
第四步，介绍其他为了保护环境的做法;
第五步，书写总结，呼吁大家行动起来。
[亮点词汇]
① make an effort 作出努力
② carry out 执行
[高分句型]
①Here are some actions we can take to make the waste sorting better while we are at home. (定语从句)
② If everybody takes action, we can make a big difference to our environment.(if导的条件状语从句)
21
