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2024 年中考英语新课标话题综合突破
08-人与自然(二)----宇宙探索(A卷)
本系列按照新课标主题内容要求的三大范畴—“人与自我”、“人与社会”“人与自然”8大主题群精选全
国各地2024年最新模拟试题。
每个主题群有A、B两套练习。A套难度适中；B套难度相对较高。
每套练习包括完形填空(2篇)、阅读理解(4篇)、任务型阅读(2篇)、短文填空(2篇)。
一、完形填空
A
(2024·云南昆明·一模)
Dear Liu Yang,
I’m Angela Liu, a student from Nujiang, Yunnan. Now I’m in a middle school for girls. We used to 1
on a ropeway to cross the river to school, but now, bridges have been built and it’s much more 2 to go to
school now.
We read about you in a science book. My classmates and 3 were really excited to learn that you were
the first Chinese woman in space. That makes me 4 you very much.
Life at school is busy, but once I get home, I like reading books, 5 books about physics and
chemistry. 6 , my favorite books are about space. When I read them, I imagine that I’m a woman astronaut
like you and I’m on a space mission (任务).
It must be very exciting to live in space. I wonder what your life was like there. What did it feel like to be in
space? What did the stars 7 from space? What did you see? What did you eat? 8 did you sleep?
My classmates and I admire you very much—you set such a good example 9 us. All of my
classmates have decided to work harder and do our best to realize our dreams, just like you.
I’m looking forward to your 10 .
Yours,
Angela Liu
1．A．go B．goes C．gone D．going
2．A．difficult B．beautiful C．traditional D．convenient
3．A．I B．me C．my D．mine
4．A．accept B．admire C．advise D．announce
5．A．exactly B．gradually C．especially D．uncomfortably
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6．A．Unless B．However C．Because D．Whether
7．A．look up B．look for C．look like D．look after
8．A．Why B．How C．What D．Which
8．A．by B．on C．in D．for
10．A．reply B．repeat C．return D．problem
【答案】1-5 A D A B C 6-10 B C B D A
【解析】本文是一名学生写给宇航员刘洋的信，信中表达了她想成为一名宇航员的梦想。
【小题1】句意：我们过去常常乘索道过河上学，但现在，桥已经建好了，上学也方便多了。
go去，动词原形；goes动词三单；gone动词过去分词；going动名词或现在分词。used to do sth“过去常常做
某事”，此处用动词原形。故选A。
【小题2】句意：我们过去常常乘索道过河上学，但现在，桥已经建好了，上学也方便多了。
difficult困难的；beautiful美丽的；traditional传统的；convenient方便的。根据“but now, bridges have been
built and it’s much more ... to go to school now.”可知，现在桥已经建好了，上学方便多了。故选D。
【小题3】句意：得知你是第一位进入太空的中国女性，我和我的同学都非常兴奋。
I我，人称代词主格；me我，人称代词宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。
分析句子可知，空处在句子中作主语，应该用人称代词主格。故选A。
【小题4】句意：这使我非常钦佩你。
accept接受；admire钦佩；advise建议；announce宣布。根据“you were the first Chinese woman in space.”可
知，得知对方是第一位进入太空的中国女性，作者很钦佩她。故选B。
【小题5】句意：学校的生活很繁忙，但一回到家，我就喜欢读书，尤其是关于物理和化学的书。
exactly确切地；gradually逐渐地；especially特别，尤其；uncomfortably不舒服地。根据“I like reading
books, ... books about physics and chemistry.”可知，作者尤其喜欢关于物理和化学的书。故选C。
【小题6】句意：然而，我最喜欢的书是关于太空的。
Unless除非；However然而；Because因为；Whether是否。根据“... books about physics and chemistry. ..., my
favorite books are about space.”可知，作者尤其喜欢关于物理和化学的书，但是最喜欢的还是关于太空的书，
此处表示转折。故选B。
【小题7】句意：从太空看这些星星是什么样子的？
look up查阅；look for寻找；look like看起来像；look after照顾。根据“What did the stars ... from space?”可
知，此处询问对方星星看起来是什么样子的。故选C。
【小题8】句意：你如何睡觉？
Why为什么；How如何；What什么；Which哪个。根据“did you sleep?”可知，此处询问对方如何睡觉。故
选B。
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【小题9】句意：我和我的同学都非常钦佩你，你为我们树立了一个很好的榜样。
by通过；on在……上面；in在……里面；for为，给。根据“you set such a good example ... us.”可知，对方
为作者和她的同学们树立了一个很好的榜样。故选D。
【小题10】句意：我期待着你的答复。
reply回复；repeat重复；return返回；problem问题。根据“I’m looking forward to your ...”可知，作者期待对
方的回复。故选A。
B
(2024·安徽合肥·一模)
Zhu Yangzhu is the spaceflight engineer for the Shenzhou XVI task. He has loved the blue sky and flying
1 he was a boy.
When he was a middle school student, Zhu often did physical exercises about flying. Because of his 2
grades, Zhu could enter the College of Aerospace (航空航天) Science and Engineering in Changsha in the summer
of 2005. And he 3 there for the following years. During studying, Zhu made great 4 and
finished his high school life from the university with a doctor’s degree.
In the summer of 2018, Zhu heard about the news about China’s astronauts. He 5 to have a try to
become an astronaut. In September 2020, Zhu was 6 chosen as one of the country’s third group of 18
astronauts, including six other flight engineers.
However, for an engineer who had no air flight 7 , the astronaut training tasks presented a real test.
For example, astronauts had to 8 for three days and three nights in a closed room, during which they had
to do many tests on a computer. That 9 a lot of hard work. He not only completed the hard training
himself, but also played a(n) 10 role in relaxing the team and helping others in his team.
Last year, all his hard work paid off when he was chosen to carry out the Shenzhou-16 task.
1．A．unless B．since C．though D．because
2．A．low B．rich C．high D．bad
3．A．taught B．volunteered C．toured D．remained
4．A．progress B．change C．wealth D．development
5．A．decided B．refused C．continued D．agreed
6．A．slowly B．finally C．simply D．quietly
7．A．achievement B．feeling C．experience D．ability
8．A．pay back B．lie down C．hang out D．stay up
9．A．wasted B．saved C．required D．advised
10．A．dangerous B．important C．lovely D．friendly
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【答案】1-5 B C D A A 6-10 B C D C B
【解析】本文主要介绍了航天员朱扬柱的个人事迹。
【小题1】句意：他很小就爱上了蓝天和飞行。
unless除非；since既然，自从；though虽然；because因为。空格前面的句子是现在完成时，应用since引导
时间状语从句，故选B。
【小题2】句意：因为他的高分，朱能够在2005年夏天进入位于长沙的航空航天科学与工程学院。
low低的；rich富有的；high高的；bad糟糕的。根据“Zhu could enter the College of Aerospace (航空航天)
Science and Engineering in Changsha”可知应是有高分才能进入这所大学，故选C。
【小题3】句意：接下来的几年他一直待在那里。
taught教书；volunteered志愿；toured旅行；remained停留。根据“and finished his high school life from the
university with a doctor’s degree.”可知是一直留在那里学习，故选D。
【小题4】句意：在那儿学习期间，朱取得了很大的进步并且以博士文凭完成了他高校的学业。
progress进步；change改变；wealth财富；development发展。根据“During studying, Zhu made great...”可知
应在学习期间取得了很大进步，make great progress“取得很大进步”，故选A。
【小题5】句意：他决定试一试成为一名宇航员。
decided决定；refused拒绝；continued继续；agreed同意。根据“...chosen as one of the country’s third group
of 18 astronauts, including six other flight engineers.”可知是决定试一试，决定做某事“decide to do sth.”。故选
A。
【小题6】句意：在2020年9月份，朱最终被选为国家18个宇航员的第三组成员之一，包括六位其他的飞
行工程师。
slowly缓慢地；finally终于；simply仅仅；quietly安静地。根据“...chosen as one of the country’s third group
of 18 astronauts, including six other flight engineers.”可知应是最终被选上，故选B。
【小题7】句意：然而，对于没有飞行经验的一位工程师来说，宇航员训练任务是一个真正的考验。
achievement成就；feeling感受；experience经验；ability能力。根据“who had no air flight...”可知应是没有
飞行经验，故选C。
【小题8】句意：例如，宇航员不得不在一个封闭的房间里熬三天三夜，在这期间他们还必须要在电脑上做
许多检测。
pay back报答；lie down躺下；hang out闲逛；stay up熬夜。根据“for three days and three nights in a closed
room”可知是熬三天三夜，故选D。
【小题9】句意：那需要大量的努力工作。
wasted浪费；saved拯救；required需要；advised建议。根据“...a lot of hard work”可知是需要大量的工作，
故选C。
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【小题10】句意：他不仅完成了艰苦的训练，并且在放松整个团队和帮助他团队里其他的人方面起了重要
的作用。
dangerous危险的；important重要的；lovely可爱的；friendly友好的。根据“He not only completed the hard
training himself, but also played a(n)...role in”可知应是在团队中扮演了重要角色，故选B。
二、阅读理解
A
(2024·山东菏泽·一模)
Chinese airplanes C919 and ARJ21 developed by the Commercial Aircraft
Corporation of China, Ltd. (COMAC) arrived in Cambodia on Tuesday for a
display and demonstration flight (演示飞行). The two jetliners flew from
Singapore to Vietnam and Laos, and then to Cambodia, after finishing the
Singapore Airshow 2024 where they made their first airshow appearances outside
China.
The C919 and ARJ21-700 carried out two-week demonstration flights in
Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia and Indonesia, laying the foundation (奠定
基础) for future market development in the region.
The demonstration of an eVTOL (Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing
aircraft) cross-city and cross-bay route (跨市跨湾路线), believed to be the first in
the world, has taken place in Shenzhen, south China’s Guangdong Province on
February 27, 2024.
The flight covered more than 55 kilometers and took around 20 minutes to
complete.
The aircraft, known as an “air taxi”, has a maximum (最大) takeoff weight
of 2,000 kilograms and can hold up to 5 passengers. It can cruise (巡航) at a
speed of 200 kilometers per hour and has a maximum range (最大半径) of 250
kilometers.
China Chic (中国时尚) has been a hot topic in China for years. It reflects
(反应) not only the growing popularity of domestic brands ( 国内品牌),
especially the younger generation, but also a renewed cultural confidence.
During the exhibition, companies showed their latest creations full of
traditional elements (元素) from the country’s rich intangible cultural heritage (非
物质文化遗产) with modern design and the latest technology.
1．In which country did Chinese airplanes C919 and ARJ21 first appear?
A．Vietnam. B．Singapore. C．Malaysia.
2．What do we know about an eVTOL?
A．It is believed to be the first electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft in the world.
B．This flight took about 40 minutes.
C．The aircraft can fly 2000 kilometers each hour.
3．During the exhibition of China Chic, which of the following cann’t be found?
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A． B． C．
【答案】BAC
【解析】本文主要讲述了三则重要的新闻事件。
【小题1】细节理解题。根据“The two jetliners flew from Singapore to Vietnam and Laos, and then to
Cambodia, after finishing the Singapore Airshow 2024 where they made their first airshow appearances outside
China.”可知，这两架飞机在结束 2024 年新加坡航展后，从新加坡飞往越南和老挝，然后飞往柬埔寨，这
是它们首次在中国境外的航展上亮相。由此可知，这两架飞机的首次亮相是在新加坡。故选B。
【小题2】细节理解题。根据“The demonstration of an eVTOL (Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing aircraft)
cross-city and cross-bay route (跨市跨湾路线), believed to be the first in the world, has taken place in Shenzhen,
south China’s Guangdong Province on February 27, 2024.”可知，2024 年 2 月 27 日，全球首个 eVTOL(电动
垂直起降飞机)跨城市、跨海湾航线的演示在中国南方广东省深圳举行。故选A。
【小题3】推理判断题。根据“During the exhibition, companies showed their latest creations full of traditional
elements (元素) from the country’s rich intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) with modern design and the
latest technology.”可知，展会期间，企业展示了他们的最新创作，这些作品充满了来自国家丰富的非物质文
化遗产的传统元素，并结合了现代设计和最新技术。选项A和选项B的图片中都表示了浓烈的中国的传统
元素，因此可能在展会上看到。故选C。
B
(2024·广东惠州·一模)
Gui Haichao is a university teacher, mainly studying space at Beihang University. His dream of flying to space
has now come true.
On May 30th morning, the Shenzhou-16 went into space from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre (酒泉卫星
发射基地) in northwest China.
In 2018, China began to select the astronauts. Unlike past choices, this time, astronaut s were chosen in three
kinds: space pilots, space engineers, and payload specialist (载荷专家). Gui becomes the first payload specialist to
enter space. During the Shenzhou-16 task, he will manage the payload for space science experiments.
Gui grew up in a common family in Yunnan Province. His interest in space began at the age of 17 when he
turned on the school radio and heard the news of Yang Liwei’s space travel in 2003.
Over the past few years, Gui has been trained to use difficult equipment (设备) and do experiments in space.
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However, the training way was a big problem for him. “I felt very sick after the space training,” he said. “So I added
more exercises, learned from other astronauts, and tried some of the training methods used by pilots. Finally, my
physical ability slowly improved.”
As a sports lover, Gui found happiness in training activities. And because he had the habit of doing sports, he
was able to keep up with this difficult training. His spirit of not being afraid of difficulties in realizing his dream
made him successful. Although he wore glasses, he was able to become an astronaut.
1．What does the underlined word “select” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Train. B．Choose. C．Search. D．Exam.
2．In what role did Gui Haichao join the Shenzhou-16 task?
A．Space pilot. B．Payload expert. C．Ground director. D．Space flight engineer.
3．What did Gui Haichao do to improve his physical ability?
a. Do more exercises. b. Learn from other astronauts.
c. Master the usage of equipment. d. Practice the training methods of pilots.
A．abc. B．abd. C．acd. D．bcd.
4．Why could Gui Haichao be able to keep up the difficult training?
A．Because he wore glasses. B．Because he was a university teacher.
C．Because he was interested in space. D．Because he had the habit of doing sports.
5．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．How Gui studied the space area.
B．How Gui did space scientific experiments.
C．How Gui became a successful university professor.
D．How Gui achieved his dream of becoming an astronaut.
【答案】BBBDD
【解析】本文主要讲述了一位名叫桂海潮的大学教授的太空梦想成真的故事。
【小题1】词义猜测题。根据“In 2018, China began to select the astronauts. Unlike past choices, this time,
astronaut s were chosen in three kinds”可知中国开始挑选宇航员，故此处划线部分和choose意义相近。故选
B。
【小题2】细节理解题。根据“During the Shenzhou-16 task, he will manage the payload for space science
experiments.”可知在神舟十六号任务期间，他将管理空间科学实验的有效载荷。故选B。
【小题3】细节理解题。根据“So I added more exercises, learned from other astronauts, and tried some of the
training methods used by pilots. Finally,my physical ability slowly improved”可知他增加了更多的练习，向其他
宇航员学习，并尝试了飞行员使用的一些训练方法，最后，他的体能慢慢提高了。故选B。
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【小题4】细节理解题。根据“And because he had the habit of doing sports, he was able to keep up with this
difficult training”可知因为他有运动的习惯，所以他能够跟上这次艰难的训练。故选D。
【小题5】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了一位名叫桂海潮的大学教授的太空梦想成真的故事。故选D。
C
(2024·广东湛江·一模)
China’s Tiangong space station can help scientists study space. It is also a place for astronauts to live and
work. How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station? Come along and find out!
For astronauts in space, exercise is important. The environment is very different in space. Doing sports helps
astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise? There is some fitness equipment (设备) in the space station such as
an exercise bike for riding, a treadmill for running and so on. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to exercise.
Astronauts live in a weightless environment, so they can’t take showers like we do on the earth. Is there a
bathroom in the space station? How do they keep them selves clean? Don’t worry! Tiangong has a unique bathroom.
Astronauts can wipe (擦) themselves clean with a wet towel.
What do astronauts eat in the space station? There is bread and porridge for breakfast. There are also
traditional Chinese dishes, like Kung Pao Chicken, fried rice and fried noodles with sliced pork. There is a special
“fridge” to store the food. It’s made of “aerogel (气凝胶)”. The food stays cool in it.
What if astronauts miss their families? There is special communication equipment in the space station.
Astronauts can have private “sky-to-earth” calls with their families. Usually, the astronauts wear a headset (耳机). It
not only helps them talk with each other, but also allows them to talk to the ground from any position.
1．What is the use of China’s Tiangong space station?
A．To help scientists study the earth.
B．To help astronauts travel in space.
C．As a place for astronauts to live and work.
D．As a place for people to have classes about space.
2．What does the underlined word “unique” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Common. B．Special. C．Usual. D．Separate.
3．What CAN’T you see in Tiangong space station?
A．Fitness equipment. B．A bathroom.
C．A special “fridge”. D．A library.
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Astronauts can do some exercise in the space station.
B．There is nearly nothing to eat in the space station.
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C．Astronauts have no way to keep themselves clean.
D．Astronauts can just talk with each other by wearing a headset.
5．What’s the passage mainly about?
A．Study on space. B．Lives in the space station.
C．Work of the astronauts. D．Exercise in the space station.
【答案】CBDAB
【解析】本文主要介绍了宇航员在中国太空空间站是如何生活的。
【小题1】细节理解题。根据第一段“China’s Tiangong space station can help scientists study space. It is also a
place for astronauts to live and work.”可知，中国天宫空间站是宇航员生活和工作的地方。故选C。
【小题2】词句猜测题。根据“Astronauts can wipe (擦) themselves clean with a wet towel.”可知，宇航员用湿
毛巾把自己擦干净，这种浴室是“特别”的。Special“特别的”，与其意思相近。故选B。
【小题3】推理判断题。根据第二段“There is some fitness equipment (设备) in the space station”，第三段
“Tiangong has a unique bathroom.”，第四段“There is a special ‘fridge’ to store the food.”可知，天宫空间站有
健身器材、浴室、特别的“冰箱”，没有提到图书馆。故选D。
【小题4】推理判断题。根据第二段“Doing sports helps astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise? There is
some fitness equipment (设备) in the space station”可知，宇航员可以在空间站进行一些锻炼。故选A。
【小题5】主旨大意题。阅读全文并结合第一段“How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working
in the space station? Come along and find out!”可知，本文主要讲的是宇航员的空间生活。故选B。
D
(2024·江苏连云港·一模)
On November 14, 2023, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) (国际民用航空组织) officially
recognized China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation (卫星导航) System (BDS) as the world level. This makes it one of
four global satellite navigation systems, along with the United States' GPS, Russia’s GLONASS and the European
Union’s Galileo.
China started to develop the BDS in 1994. The system came into use in 2000. After 12 years of work, it began
serving the Asia-Pacific region. In 2020, with the global use of BDS-3, China has improved the system to provide
users with more correct positioning services, making it a valuable tool for more industries, including transportation,
agriculture, and surveying.
Now, with 59 satellites in its network, the BDS has served more than 1.5 billion users across the world. Most
mobile apps providing maps, navigation and shopping services in China already support the BDS. China’s satellite
navigation industry is growing fast. Its value reached more than 500 billion yuan in 2022. That number is expected to
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double by 2025. In the first half year of 2023, there were about 13.4 million new BDS devices. Nearly 60% were
used in transport systems. The rest were used in communication and agriculture. The former made up about 28%and
the latter 12%.
As BDS gets more popular, it is expected to play an increasingly important role in global navigation and
positioning services.
1．What does the underlined word “devices” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．services B．transportation C．communication D．facilities
2．What do we know from Paragraph 3?
A．It is very expensive to put BDS into use.
B．All of the mobile apps in China support the BDS.
C．Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System is developing rapidly.
D．China’s satellite navigation industry is facing great challenges.
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．BDS has been widely used in many fields.
B．BDS has served more users than Russia’s GLONASS.
C．BDS began to provide positioning services for people in 1994.
D．BDS is the most important satellite navigation system in the world.
4．What’s the best title for this passage?
A．The role of China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System
B．The importance of China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System
C．The popularity of China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System
D．The introduction to China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System
【答案】DCAD
【解析】本文介绍了中国北斗卫星导航系统的研发过程以及功能。
【小题1】词义猜测题。根据“Nearly 60% were used in transport systems.”可知，此处表示用于运输系统的设
施，故选D。
【小题2】推理判断题。根据“Most mobile apps providing maps, navigation and shopping services in China
already support the BDS. China’s satellite navigation industry is growing fast.”可知，北斗卫星导航系统发展迅速。
故选C。
【小题3】推理判断题。根据“Most mobile apps providing maps, navigation and shopping services in China
already support the BDS.”可知，北斗卫星导航系统已广泛应用于多个领域。故选A。
【小题4】标题归纳题。根据“China started to develop the BDS in 1994.”和“As BDS gets more popular, it is
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expected to play an increasingly important role in global navigation and positioning services.”可知，本文介绍了中
国北斗卫星导航系统，故选D。
三、任务型阅读
A
(2024·天津南开·一模)
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
On October 12, 2022, the students from all over the country had the third live class from China’s space station.
Shenzhou-14 members Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe gave the class to the students on the earth.
The astronauts did several experiments in the spaceship to show what happened in space microgravity (微重力).
Liu Yang tried drinking mango juice with a two-meter straw (吸管) and she made it! Another experiment showed
that a water ball became “lazy” after a small steel ball was put inside it…The astronauts also invited the students to
do the experiments on the earth. The students found the differences between space and the earth. “How interesting!”
they said.
The astronauts also answered questions from the students like “how to become an astronaut” and “what kinds of
plants they will grow in space in the future”.
It was the first science class from the Wentian lab module and the third “Tiangong Class”. The first and second
were given by the Shenzhou-13 members in the station Tianhe core module. The classes made a lot of young people
love space science.
1. On October 12, 2022, the students had the third ________ from China’s space station.
2. Liu Yang tried using a two-meter straw to ________ and she succeeded.
3. The students were invited by the astronauts to ________ on the earth.
4. The students thought the differences between space and the earth were ________.
5. These classes from space made a lot of young people love ________.
【答案】
【小题1】live class
【小题2】drink mango juice
【小题3】do the experiments
【小题4】space microgravity
【小题5】space science
【解析】本文主要介绍了中国空间站第三堂直播课的内容和影响。
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【小题1】根据“On October 12, 2022, the students from all over the country had the third live class from China's
space station.”可知,2022年10月12日，来自全国各地的学生在中国空间站上进行了第三次现场授课。故填
live class。
【小题2】根据“Liu Yang tried drinking mango juice with a two-meter straw(吸管)and she made it!”可知，刘洋
试着用两米长的吸管喝芒果汁，故填drink mango juice。
【小题3】根据“'The astronauts also invited the students to do the experiments on the earth.”可知，宇航员还邀
请学生们在地球上做实验。故填do the experiments。
【小题 4】根据“'The astronauts did several experiments in the spaceship to show what happened in space
microgravity”可知，区别是太空微重力，故填space microgravity。
【小题5】根据“The classes made a lot of young people love space science.”"可知，这些课程让很多年轻人爱
上了太空科学。故填space science。
B
(2024·海南省·一模)
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容案要求完成任务。
When the first person looked up to the sky, people’s imagination of space began. In China, there are many
stories about the exploration (探索) of space.
Thousands of years ago, there was a lady named Chang’e that flew to the Moon and lived there with a rabbit.
It’s just a story in myths (神话).
In the Ming Dynasty, a man named Wan Hu used a machine which was made of a chair, some fireworks and a
kite as a rocket to fly to space but failed. He was considered as the first human that tried to explore space.
Our exploration of space never stopped until it became a reality in modern times. Without doubt, Chinese space
technology has made great progress.
In 2003, when Shenzhou V set off successfully, Yang Liwei’s words “I am proud of our motherland” brought
tears to our eyes. Carrying the flying dream of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, as the first space visitor of
China, he started the Space Age for the Chinese.
In 2008, Zhai Zhigang in Shenzhou VII had the first Chinese spacewalk, “I am out of the capsule (太空舱), and
I feel good,” he told the world proudly.
In the next years, China kept making its way in order to step further on exploring space. Especially in the recent
years, China has sent up Shenzhou XI and Shenzhou XV. Six astronauts have been sent to space with two women
included. On May 30, 2023, Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu and Gui Haichao in Shenzhou XVI were sent into space
successfully.
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From 2003 to 2023, Chinese people go farther and farther in space, In the near future, China will send
astronauts to the Moon and explore the Moon.
Task I: Finish the chart according to the passage. Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words.
Stories about China’s 1
Thousands of years ago Chang’e flew to the Moon in myths.
In the Ming Dynasty Wan Hu made a machine and tried to explore space.
In 2003 Yang Liwei started 2 for the Chinese.
In 2008 Zhai Zhigang had the first Chinese spacewalk.
In the next years We Chinese people kept making our way 3 we could step further on exploring space.
On 4 China sent Shenzhou XVI into space successfully.
In the future Chinese astronauts 5 to the Moon.
Task II: Answer the following questions.
6. In which dynasty did Wan Hu live?
7.How did Zhai Zhigang feel when he had the first Chinese spacewalk in Shenzhou VII?
8. What do you think of Chinese space technology? Explain your reason(s) in about 20 words.
【答案】
【小题1】exploration of space
【小题2】the Space Age
【小题3】so that/in order that
【小题4】May 30,2023
【小题5】will be sent
【小题6】In the Ming Dynasty./He lived in the Ming Dynasty.
【小题7】He felt very proud.
【小题8】It's very great/successful/world-famous/...
Although China is a developing country, its rapid development of space technology attracts worldwide
attention.
I'm very proud of being Chinese and take pride in my country. I will try my best to study hard for
Chinese space technology.(答案不唯一，言之有理即可。)
【解析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中国在太空探索方面的发展进程。
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【小题1】根据第一段“In China, there are many stories about the exploration of space.”可知，文章介绍了太空
探索的故事，故填exploration of space.
【小题2】根据"Carrying the flying dream of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, as the first space visitor of
China, he started the
Space Age for the Chinese.”可知，杨利伟开启了中国的航天时代，故填the Space Age.
【小题3】根据“In the next years, China kept making its way in order to step further on exploring space.”可知，
中国为了进一步探索太空而继续前进，此处可用so that/in order that引|导目的状语从句替换，故填so that/in
order that。
【小题4】根据“0n May 30, 2023, Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu and Gui Haichao in Shenzhou XVI were sent into
space successfully."可]知，中国在2023年5月30日成功发射了神州十六号，故填May30,2023。
【小题5】根据“In the near future, China will send astronauts to the Moon and explore the Moon.”可知，未来，
中国宇航员将被送往太空，此处Chinese astronauts为send的动作承受着，结合“in the future”可知，应用一
般将来时的被动语态(will be done)，故填will be sent。
【小题6】根据第三段“In the Ming Dynasty, a man named Wan Hu used a machine which was made of a chair,
some fireworks and a kite as a rocket to fly to space but failed.”可知，万户是明朝人，故填In the Ming Dynasty./
He lived in the Ming Dynasty.
【小题7】根据倒数第三段“ In 2008, Zhai Zhigang in Shenzhou VIl had the first Chinese spacewalk,“l am out of
the capsule, and I feel good,” he told the world proudly.”可知，他感到非常骄傲，故填He felt very proud.
【小题8】答案不唯一，言之有理即可。
四、短文填空
A
(2024·浙江杭州·一模)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Flying to the moon has been a Chinese dream for thousands of years. Professor Ye Shuhua, one of the key
scientists 1 (work) at Shanghai Astronomic Observatory for nearly half a century. To her, China’s lunar (月球)
project is exciting news for the country’s space industry. “For our astronomers, the moon is an ideal
place 2 (go),” Ye said.
Dreams of flying to the moon has deep roots in Chinese culture. According to 3 ancient story, Chang’e was
a fairy who 4 (take) a special drink that gave her the ability to fly to the moon. The dream has already come true
for the US astronauts. But it will take China at 5 (little) ten years to land astronauts there.
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The project has developed public understanding of the space program and people’s knowledge of the moon
— 6 (especial) among the young people. A visitor said, “The moon is a satellite of the earth. There are
millions 7 pits (凹陷) on its surface.”Another visitor said, “The moon is beautiful, and it’s the nearest body to
the earth. That’s 8 people want to land on it.”
Naturally, the children enjoy learning about science. But for scientists like Ye Shuhua, the lunar project is only
the 9 (begin).
“Landing on the moon will be a project for 10 (today) young people, not for me. But I hope that the day
our astronauts land on the moon, I can watch your news reports.” Ye said.
【答案】
【小题1】has worked
【小题2】to go
【小题3】an
【小题4】took
【小题5】least
【小题6】especially
【小题7】of
【小题8】why
【小题9】beginning
【小题10】today's
【解析】本文主要讲述了中国人探索月球的梦想。
【小题1】句意:Ye Shuhua教授是上海天文台的核心科学家之一，他在上海天文台工作了近半个世纪。根据
“for nearly half a century”可知，for+一段时间是现在完成时的提示词，主语是第三人称单数形式，助动词用
has，故填has worked。
【小题2】句意:对于我们的天文学家来说，月球是一个理想的去处。此空修饰名词place，应填动词不定式
作后置定语，故填to go.
【小题3】句意:根据一个古老的故事，嫦娥是一个仙女，她喝了一种特殊的饮料，使她能够飞到月球上。此
处表示泛指，且ancient是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
【小题4】句意:根据一个古老的故事，嫦娥是一个仙女，她喝了一种特殊的饮料，使她能够飞到月球上。根
据gave可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填took。
【小题5】句意:但中国至少需要十年时间才能将宇航员送到那里。at least“至少”，固定搭配，故填least。
【小题6】句意:该项目提高了公众对太空计划的认识，提高了人们对月球的认识，尤其是年轻人。此空修饰
“among the young people”，应填副词especially表示“尤其”，故填especially。
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【小题7】句意:它的表面有数百万个凹坑。表示概数用数词的复数形式+of，millions of'数以百万的”，故填
of.
【小题8】句意:这就是为什么人们想要降落在它上面。that's why表示“这就是为什么”，故填why。
【小题9】句意:但对于Ye Shuhua这样的科学家来说，登月计划仅仅是个开始。the后接名词beginning“开
始”，故填beginning。
【小题10】句意:登陆月球将是当今年轻人的一项计划，而不是对我。此空修饰“young people”，应填名词
所有格，故填today's.
B
(2024·山东滨州·一模)
根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。
Deng Qingming is one of the three Chinese astronauts carrying out China’s Shenzhou-15 spaceship mission.
He 1 (final) got the chance to go to space after nearly 25 years of preparation.
Deng was born in a village in Jiangxi Province in 1966. As his 2 (parent) both worked in the fields, he had
to look after his younger brothers and sisters. At that time, his dream was to go to college and find a
job 3 (support) his family.
Deng 4 (be) a member of the PLA Air Force (空军) since 1984. When he left his village that year, his
friends came to say goodbye to him. He was deeply touched and decided to work hard. Years of hard 5 (train)
made him an excellent pilot, and he was chosen as one of the 6 (one) group of Chinese astronauts in 1998.
For a long time, Deng served as a backup (后备) astronaut. His road to space was 7 (long) than that of his
teammates. He spent almost all of his time preparing and waiting and he 8 (give) the chance to travel to space in
the end.
Besides that, Deng’s wife supported him a lot. She 9 (take) care of the whole family and never complained.
“You’ve set an example to 10 (we) daughter and we are proud of you,” she told him.
After a long wait, he flew into space by Shenzhou-15 spaceship in November 2022 at last. Twenty-five years
was quite a long time, but Deng never gave up. Whenever the nation needs him, he is always waiting there, ready to
take on any challenge.
【答案】
【小题1】finally
【小题2】parents
【小题3】to support
【小题4】has been
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【小题5】training
【小题6】first
【小题7】longer
【小题8】was given
【小题9】took
【小题10】our
【解析】句意:本文主要介绍了宇航员邓清明的经历。
【小题1】句意:经过近25年的准备，他终于有机会进入太空。此处用副词修饰动词，final的副词形式
finally，意为“最终”。故填finally。
【小题2】句意:由于他的父母都在地里干活，他不得不照顾弟弟妹妹。根据“bot”可知此处用复数形式
parents。故填parents。
【小题3】句意:那时，他的梦想是上大学，找份工作养家。养家是找工作的目的，用动词不定式作目的状
语。故填to support.
【小题4】句意:邓自1984年以来一直是中国人民解放军空军的一员。根据“since 1984”可知用现在完成
时，区域”Deng”后接助动词has，be的过去分词形式been。故填has been。
【小题5】句意:多年的艰苦训练使他成为一名优秀的飞行员，并于 1998年被选为中国首批字航员之一。
hard是形容词，其后接名词，train的名词形式training，意为“训练”，不可数名词。故填training。
【小题6】句意:多年的艰port练使他成为一名优秀的飞行员，并于1998年被选为中国首批宇航员之一。定
冠词the后接one的序数词形式first，意为“第一”。故填first。
【小题7】句意:他的太空之路比他的队友要长。than前用形容词比较级longer表示“更长的”。故填
longer。【小题8】句意:他几平把所有的时间都花在准备和等待上，最终他得到了去太空旅行的机会。主语
“he”与动词give之间是动宾关系，结合“spent”可知用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done，
主语he后用be动词was，give的过去分词given。故填was given。
【小题9】句意:她照顾全家，从不抱怨。根据“complained”可知用一般过去时，take的过去式took。故填
took。【小题10】句意:“你为我们的女儿树立了榜样，我们为你感到骄傲，”她告诉他。daughter前用we的
形容词性物主代词our表“我们的”。故填our。
17
