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2024 年中考英语新课标话题综合突破
07-人与自然(一)----自然生态、环境保护与灾害防范(B卷)
一、完形填空
A
Jackson Mann is a 16-year-old boy from Milford, UK. He has been interested in 1 since he was a
child. When he grew up, he began to care about animals around him and endangered wild animals. He even worked
with the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) to 2 SOS, a card game about endangered wild animals.
The idea for the game came by accident. Four years ago, Jackson and his family went on a trip to...Costa Rica.
During the 3 , he saw many wild animals and found that many children were interested in playing card
games. Then he 4 to make a card game about endangered wild animals. Jackson received lots of 5
and help from WWF.
SOS is for kids over 7 years old. It introduces not only some 6 information about wild animals, but
also some ways to save them when they are in danger. Jackson 7 that young people can learn about
endangered wild animals while playing games.
8 , great achievements have been made by SOS. Since its launch (发行), the card game has been quite
9 . Lots of kids buy it. “I will 10 all the money to wildlife protection organizations and will continue
to work in the field of endangered wildlife protection,” Jackson said.
What a great boy and a great card game!
1．A．flowers B．animals C．books D．planes
2．A．create B．change C．describe D．report
3．A．training B．exam C．journey D．meeting
4．A．waited B．refused C．failed D．decided
5．A．support B．tricks C．ceremonies D．space
6．A．private B．basic C．junior D．medical
7．A．hears B．worries C．remembers D．hopes
8．A．Luckily B．However C．Hardly D．Again
9．A．easy B．boring C．popular D．expensive
10．A．throw away B．look for C．pay for D．give away
B
The Warrens are a common family — two parents, a son and a daughter. However, they have done 1
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uncommon. A few years ago, they sold their big house and moved to the countryside.
2 that’s not the only thing special they did. They built a small house which was powered by 3
!
Mr. Warren had been reading about all the problems with the electrical system. He wanted his family to play a
small part in saving 4 planet.
The Warrens decided to make their own electricity to 5 everything they needed for their daily lives.
The kids were 6 at first. “Will we still be able to have a television?” asked the daughter, Jane.
“What about my 7 ?” asked James, the son. “Don’t worry at all,” said their father. “Just because we are
going to produce our own power using the wind and the sun, it doesn’t mean we have to live in the 8
Ages.”
“We are going to set up a wind generator (发电机),” explained Mrs. Warren. “The wind is a 9 way
to make electricity. It’s free. It’s clean. And it blows really well at our new home. It doesn’t blow every day though.
That’s 1 0 we need to have some batteries (电池) to store our power. When the wind blows, it charges our
batteries. When there is no wind, we still have power in our batteries to 11 everything in our house.”
Mr. Warren added, “We are also going to have two solar panels (太阳能电池板). They will collect the energy
12 the sun and turn it into electricity, too. So, when the wind blows, we have power. When the sun shines, we
have power too.”
It was easy to see that Mr. Warren 13 believed in renewable (可再生的) energy. And all his family
agreed with him.
Now, the Warren family lives in this self-powered countryside 14 . They produce their own
electricity. They pay more attention to the power they use now. They turn off lights when they 15 a room.
They live happily in this energy-renewable special house.
1．A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything
2．A．But B．Because C．Since D．Still
3．A．water B．sand C．wind D．snow
4．A．their B．his C．your D．our
5．A．buy B．power C．make D．cook
6．A．careless B．worried C．bored D．stressful
7．A．book B．kite C．pet D．computer
8．A．Dark B．Safe C．Strict D．Modern
9．A．expensive B．similar C．great D．common
10．A．when B．why C．how D．where
11．A．store B．run C．fix D．cover
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12．A．for B．to C．with D．from
13．A．really B．finally C．nearly D．hardly
14．A．garden B．school C．home D．shop
15．A．find B．build C．clean D．leave
二、阅读理解
A
Become a waste fighter and help Captain Billy re-love, re-use and re-cycle old
plastic to toys.
You could get some great books for free too! Cool eh?
Love your toys
Your old plastic toys were specially chosen and they brought you lots of fun. They can also be used over and
over again.
Exchange with friends
Finished playing with your toys? Why not exchange them with friends? It helps to reuse your toys and pass on
the fun.
Drop off for recycling
Ask your school to join the Recycle to Read program. Drop off your broken plastic toys and get free books for
your school.
All plastic toys collected in the Recycle to Read are made into great new products.
Visit www.wastebusters.club to find out more information.
1．What could you get if you help Captain Billy collect old plastic toys?
A．Money. B．New toys. C．Free books. D．Reusable bags.
2．What does the underlined word “It” in the poster refer to (指代)?
A．Playing with toys. B．Getting great books.
C．Dropping off old toys. D．Exchanging toys with friends.
3．What can you do to find out more information?
A．Email Captain Billy. B．Ask your school.
C．Visit www.wastebusters.club. D．Call Recycle to Read magazine.
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B
It happened today, which we never want to happen, but we’ve been preparing for it for a whole school year. A
tornado touched down (登陆) near our school.
I wasn’t even in the classroom at the moment. I had taken a student with me to the workroom to help gather
something for a test. When the emergency alarms went off, immediately I grabbed my student’s hand and ran as fast
as I could back to the classroom.
I never imagined needing to put our tornado practice into use. I never imagined actually needing to line my
students up against the wall and have them crouch down (蹲伏) with their knees and heads touching the ground,
hands on the backs of their heads. Their hearts beat so fast that they couldn’t catch their breath. Their fear-filled eyes
looked up at me as they asked if their parents, grandparents and friends were going to be fine. Never could I imagine
that the silence would come over the whole schoolyard, with hundreds of students gathered in the classrooms of one
building.
Other teachers and I tried our best to comfort our students, assure (使确信) them of their safety and promise
them everything would be all right, though we truly didn’t know what the result would be.
Today has done something bad to me, and I am sure it has done harm to the hundreds and thousands of
teachers in the local areas and surrounding areas. But at the same time, I am very proud, surprised and pleased with
how my students behaved. Never have I seen they follow directions so quickly and quietly. Even though tears were
in eyes and hearts were beating fast, my students were brave beyond their age today. They were able to be 100%
calm and collected (镇静的) the whole time and for that, I was greatly moved.
1．Where did the students gather during the tornado?
A．In the gym. B．In the hallways. C．In the classrooms. D．In the playground.
2．What can we know from paragraph 3?
A．The students’ hearts beat fast because of fear.
B．The students were asked to stand against the walls.
C．The students were organized to run to the nearest exit.
D．The students felt certain about the safety of their families.
3．Why was the teacher greatly moved?
A．Because the tornado did not do harm to the local areas.
B．Because the parents worked well with the school all the time.
C．Because the students were brave and well-organized during the tornado.
D．Because hundreds of students lined up against the walls of one building.
4．What is the main idea of the text?
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A．A horrible tornado hit the school.
B．The school was in a mess after the tornado.
C．A brave teacher saved many people’s lives during the tornado.
D．The teachers and students stayed calm when the tornado happened.
C
You are out and about, and you’re thirsty. So, you go into a store to get a drink. You’re not alone. Customers
worldwide buy more than 1.4 trillion drink containers (容器) a year. But the big question is: What do you do with
that container when you drink up? If it’s not recycled properly, it will become one of billions spread across rivers,
oceans and rubbish bins.
Rather than dropping that container in a rubbish bin, save it for a reverse vending machine (RVM). They’re
showing up in parks, schools, airports and supermarkets, so they are easy to find.
RVMs take used, empty bottles or cans and the user can get a reward (奖励). These rewards could be subway
tickets, phone cards and more. RVMs in some stores, such as 7-Eleven in Taiwan Province, offer shopping credits
(积分) that can be used in that store. Another kind of RVM, the ECOCO machine, can be found in Taiwan. It gives
credit for use in partner stores.
The first RVM, which only accepted plastic bottles, was made in Sweden in the 1950s. It was improved in the
60s to accept other recyclable materials. It was also changed to accept more than one bottle at a time.
The machine works by reading the Universal Product Code (UPC) on a received object. It then adds the UPC
to a database that records the number of objects someone is recycling. Next, the containers are broken into pieces.
Once the machine can’t hold more containers, the containers are returned to the correct recycling companies.
RVMs reduce (减少) the need for materials to make new containers. Besides, the objects are separated by
machine rather than by hand. And although the machines are not huge, they hold a lot before needing to be emptied.
So, enjoy your drink, recycle and get something back at an RVM!
1．Why does the writer use the question in Paragraph 1?
A．To show care for drinkers. B．To describe the container.
C．To help introduce the topic. D．To sell more drinks.
2．What can we learn about RVMs from the passage?
A．People need to pay much money to use RVMs.
B．RVMs can record the materials of the containers.
C．People can get cheap things from the RVMs in 7-Eleven.
D．The first RVM could accept only one bottle each time.
3．Which paragraph shows how RVMs work?
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A．Paragraph 3. B．Paragraph 4. C．Paragraph 5. D．Paragraph 6.
4．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Recycle for a Reward B．Drink for the Environment
C．Shop for a Credit D．Change for the Money
D
Human activity is changing the surface and temperature of our planet. But new research shows it is also
changing the sound of oceans and seas. Scientists say these changes may have an effect on many sea animals—from
very small fish to huge whales.
Sound travels very far underwater. For fish, sound is a better way to sense their environment than light. They
use sounds to communicate with each other. Sounds also help some ocean animals find food and avoid their hunters.
Sounds help fish and other sea animals survive.
However, increased noise from humans is making it harder for these animals to hear each other. The noise
comes from shipping traffic, underwater oil and gas exploration and other noisy human activities. For many sea
animals, their efforts to communicate are being masked by sounds that humans have made. Experts explain the term
masking, which happens when one or more noises in the water block sound that is important to an ocean animal’s
life.
Experts say that effects of noise on sea animals are not well understood. However, some studies suggest that
noise may cause hearing loss. The stress from human noise might also affect the immune (免疫) system. Many sea
animals are showing higher levels of stress because of noise. Also, the overall number of sea animals has gone down
by about half since 1970. In some parts of the ocean, scientists now record fewer animals singing and calling than in
the past.
When people think of threats (威胁) facing the ocean, we often think of climate change, plastics and
overfishing. But noise pollution is another necessary thing we need to consider. When it comes to something humans
can do for the ocean, we need to think about how to make it quieter. Sound pollution may be easier to deal with than
other ocean threats. You can reduce or turn off sound at once. It’s not like plastics or climate change, which are much
harder to undo (消除).
1．Why is sound important for ocean animals?
A．They use it avoid hunters. B．They use it to sing and dance.
C．They use it to see their environment. D．They use it to communicate with humans.
2．What does the underlined word “masked” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Shocked. B．Showed. C．Covered. D．Protected.
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3．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Swimming in the sea will also cause noise pollution.
B．Noise does more harm to sea animals than humans realize.
C．There is little that humans can do to reduce noise pollution.
D．Plastic pollution is the biggest threat facing oceans and seas.
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Importance of Oceans and Seas
B．The Biggest Threat to Oceans and Seas
C．The Communication Methods of Sea Animals
D．The Effects of Noise Pollution on Sea Animals
三、任务型阅读
Do you remember the dodo? This big, quiet bird lived only in Mauritius, in the Indian Ocean. It did not fly, but
it was not in danger from other animals there. So it was not afraid. Then humans came to Mauritius and the animals
they brought like dogs killed dodos. Humans also cut down trees and destroyed the birds’ homes. And some of them
hunted dodos—not for food, but because they liked hunting. By about 1680, the last dodo was dead. This happened a
long time ago, but we cannot forget the dodo and we are never going to see a dodo alive again.
Animals became extinct before there were humans. But after the first people arrived in America, 73 percent of
the big animals in North America and 80 percent in South America disappeared. In Australia 90 percent of big
animals disappeared after people moved there from Asia about 50,000 years ago. Did people kill them all? Perhaps
not, we do not know. But they did die.
Can animals and humans live in the world together? Can we help? Some people help in important ways. Dian
Fossey went to Central Africa because she was interested in mountain gorillas. Mountain gorillas are big animals
with long arms and long black hair. She called on a lot of people to protect these animals and started the Dian Fossey
Gorilla Fund. She was very famous after she wrote her book Gorillas in the Mist. Dian’s work helped the gorillas,
and now the number of mountain gorillas is slowly going up.
Not everyone can make big changes to the world, but small changes by a lot of people help. The World Wide
Fund for Nature (WWF) works in 100 countries. You can give money or buy from their shops. You can also make
changes to your life. For example, you can walk to work or school or go by bicycle. Or other people can go with you
in your car and leave their cars at home. Perhaps you can change and eat other food instead of meat. Perhaps ...
We humans live in one world with animals. We must help them because our home is their home too.
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1. Why did some of people hunt dodos?
________________________________________________
2. How many big animals disappeared in Australia after people got there?
________________________________________________
3. What do you think of Dian Fossey?
________________________________________________
4. List at least two changes we can make to help animals.
________________________________________________
5. What’s the passage mainly about?
________________________________________________
四、短文填空
A
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的适当形式。
This week, our topic is pollution. We asked 1 (second) experts to give their views.
Forest Smith is a member of Green First, an environmental group:
“Our future on Earth looks 2 (terribly). We’re filling our country with waste. We can’t breathe the air, and
the sea 3 (pollute) too. I visited some relatives in a small village 4 (recent). They grow their own food and
cycle everywhere. They’re not rich, but they’re happy and healthy. We have too many possessions. Most of us have
more things than we would ever need. It’s such a waste! Another big problem is that we live in big 5 (city) that
are crowded with people. It’s time for us to go back to a simple way of life.”
John Green is a scientist at a university:
“Things are not as bad as Forest says. We all have 6 bright future. We don’t need to give up cars, 7 we
do need to invent better, cleaner cars that do not pollute the environment. Traffic will still be bad, however, so we
need better public transport. We should also recycle more. But some things are 8 (get) better. My sister returned
last month after living abroad for five years. She said, ‘ 9 (we) city looks different from before—it’s cleaner and
greener now.’ ”
Science has made life better in so many ways. A hundred years ago, most people died 10 the age of fifty
because life was so hard. We can’t go back to a world like that.
B
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阅读下面材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不
多于3个单词。
Japan is releasing nuclear wastewater (释放核废水) from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (福岛第
一核电站 ) into the Pacific Ocean, despite numerous objections ( 反对 ) at home and abroad. Fukushima
was 1 (hit) by a huge earthquake and tsunami (海啸) in 2011. The nuclear power plant was 2 (bad)
damaged, so the power company stored radioactive water in 1,000 giant tanks. It is now being released into the
ocean 3 a long tunnel (隧道). Japan said that 4 water is safe and would not harm the environment. The
International Atomic Energy Agency said the water meets international 5 (safe) standards. It said the water
would 6 (cause) no harm to people. But it is not the truth.
Countries near Japan are angry 7 the unclear wastewater is going into the Pacific. Japanese fishermen are
also 8 (worry) about selling their fish. China has ended seafood from Fukushima and the capital city, Tokyo.
China said the release of the water was wrong and 9 (ask) Japan to stop. It said: “Japan is putting 10 (it)
own self-interest over the long-term well-being of all humankind.” Other countries are worried about food safety.
They will stop importing (进口) some Japanese food. People from South Korea have also expressed their objections.
五、书面表达
A
每年的6月8日是世界海洋日（World Oceans Day）。你们小组为世界海洋日设计的海报荣获学校一等
奖（如下图），请代表你们组在英语课堂上做经验分享。
写作要求：1)介绍海报的主题；
2)描述其内容和意义；
3)分享你的感受；
4)文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称；
5)词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
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参考词汇：theme 主题；poster 海报
Dear students,
I’m greatly honored to be here and share the experience of our team’s winning first prize for the poster designed
for World Oceans Day.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
B
假定你是李华，接到笔友Tommy的邮件询问有关垃圾分类的情况。请根据邮件内容给他回复，词数
100字左右。
To: Lihua 2024@163.com
From: Tommy@hotmail.com
Subject: Waste sorting
Dear Li Hua,
I hear that you are carrying out waste sorting in Yangzhou. Would you please share your ideas with me?
Why should you carry out waste sorting?
What do you do about waste sorting at school or at home?
What else can you do to protect the environment?
I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.
All the best,
Tommy
要求：
（1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
（2）必须包括提示中的所有信息，并适当发挥；
（3）词数在100词左右，开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；
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（4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
相关词汇：厨余垃圾kitchen waste；可回收垃圾recyclable waste；有害垃圾hazardous waste
Dear Tommy,
I’m happy to hear from you. In your mail, you asked about waste sorting here in Yangzhou. Now I’ll tell you
something about it.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
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All the best,
Li Hua
11
