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2024 年中考英语新课标话题综合突破
01-人与自我(一)----生活与学习 (B卷)
本系列按照新课标主题内容要求的三大范畴—“人与自我”、“人与社会”“人与自然”8大主题群精选全
国各地2024年最新模拟试题。
每个主题群有A、B两套练习。A套难度适中；B套难度相对较高。
每套练习包括完形填空(2篇)、阅读理解(4篇)、任务型阅读(1篇)、短文填空(2篇)、书面表达(2篇)。
一、完形填空
A
(2024·广东广州·一模)
Last year, I was allowed to give students online classes at home. A comfortable home office, and getting away
from the crowded subway was very 1 to me. I couldn’t wait to be a 2 woman and things did go
well for the first few weeks.
However, the 3 of working at home soon showed up. I started my day with a wonderful plan. I
promised myself to have quick breaks every one hour and regular 4 every day. Yet mountains of
homework to be checked, non-stop text messages from parents, and online meetings tied me to my computer all day
long. All these left me little time to 5 . Short talks with others during breaks and quick walks after lunch
around my home building were all gone. Finally, my world was within the walls of my home, and I only walked a
few meters rather than kilometers.
One day, I tried 6 one of my favorite dresses and it couldn’t pass through my body at all. When I
looked at myself in the mirror, I saw a 7 person with extra weight, messy hair, instead of a person who
enjoyed the time at home. The 8 of work and personal life made me like a machine that never stops
working. This experience allowed me to discover my true self. I needed a change, not just for my 9 , but to
put my health at the first place. I made a promise to myself again that I would 10 my work and my
body. My life should be on a healthier way.
1．A．attractive B．surprising C．challenging D．interesting
2．A．happy B．good C．true D．friendly
3．A．advantages B．solutions C．problems D．expectations
4．A．exercise B．breakfast C．shower D．sleep
5．A．reply B．relax C．return D．read
6．A．cleaning up B．throwing away C．putting on D．getting back
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7．A．lazy B．tired C．rude D．mad
8．A．mix B．success C．exchange D．value
9．A．luck B．experience C．duty D．weight
10．A．balance B．trust C．serve D．test
【答案】1-5 A A C A B 6-10 C B A D A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在家给学生上网课所遇到的一些问题以及作者下定决心
作出改变，重新控制自己的生活和身体的故事。
【小题1】句意：一个舒适的家庭办公室，远离拥挤的地铁对我来说非常有吸引力。
attractive吸引人的；surprising令人惊讶的；challenging富于挑战性的；interesting有趣的。根据“A
comfortable home office, and getting away from the crowded subway”可知，舒适的家庭办公室，以及远离拥挤
的公共交通，这些都是很吸引人的。故选A。
【小题2】句意：我迫不及待地想成为一个幸福的女人，在最初的几个星期里，一切都很顺利。
happy快乐的，幸福的；good好的；true真实的；friendly友好的。根据“I couldn’t wait to be a...woman”可知，
不需要挤公交，在家有舒适的办公环境，所以此处是指作者想迫不及待地成为一个快乐的女人。故选A。
【小题3】句意：然而，在家工作的问题很快就出现了。
advantages优势；solutions解决办法；problems问题；expectations期望。根据下文“Yet mountains of
homework to be checked, non-stop text messages from parents, and online meetings tied me to my computer all day
long.”可知，此处是指居家办公的问题出现了。故选C。
【小题4】句意：我答应自己每隔一小时就休息一下，每天定期锻炼。
exercise锻炼；breakfast早餐；shower洗澡；sleep睡眠。结合上文“have quick breaks”可知，作者原计划每
天快速休息，还要进行锻炼，结果事与愿违，根本没有时间锻炼身体。故选A。
【小题5】句意：所有这些都让我没有时间放松。
reply回复；relax放松；return回来；read阅读。根据上文“Yet mountains of homework to be checked, non-
stop text messages from parents, and online meetings tied me to my computer all day long.”可知，堆积如山的作业
要批改，没完没了的来自父母的短信，以及在线会议把我整天都绑在电脑前，所以此处是指作者没有时间
去放松自己。故选B。
【小题6】句意：有一天，我试着穿上我最喜欢的一件裙子；结果，我根本穿不进去。
cleaning up清理；throwing away扔掉；putting on穿上；getting back取回。根据下文“it couldn’t pass through
my body at all”可知，此处是指作者想试着穿一件裙子。故选C。
【小题7】句意：当我照镜子时，我看到的是一个体重超标、头发凌乱、疲惫不堪的人，而不是一个享受在
家时光的人。
lazy懒惰的；tired疲倦的；rude粗鲁的；mad生气的。根据下文“made me like a machine that never stops
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working”可知，作者就像一台永不停歇的机器，负担重，疲惫不堪。故选B。
【小题8】句意：工作和个人生活的混合使我像一台永不停止工作的机器。
mix混合；success成功；exchange交换；value价值。根据第二段“working at home”和下文“work and
personal life”可知，作者在家里工作，工作和个人生活是混合在一起的。故选A。
【小题9】句意：我需要改变，不仅仅是为了我的体重，而是把我的健康放在第一位。
luck运气；experience经历；duty义务；weight体重。根据上文“I saw a … person with extra weight,”可知，
此处是指作者长胖了，体重增加了；现在想要作出改变，要控制体重。故选D。
【小题10】句意：我再次向自己承诺，我会平衡好工作和身体。
balance平衡；trust信任；serve服务；test测试。根据下文“My life should be on a healthier way.”可知，此处
是指作者下定决心要注意工作和身体健康的均衡，这样作者的生活才会朝着更健康的方向发展。故选A。
B
(2024·浙江·一模)
Webster always loved to run, even when he was very young. Running gave him 1 , making him feel
like he could do anything. Although he could run far and he could run fast, the other boys 2 seemed to
believe in him.
When Webster grew older, he visited a volcano (火山) called El Misti, which is about 1,000 meters below the
tallest volcano on the earth. As the boy 3 at the volcano, he made a decision to get to the top of it. He
imagined what it would be 4 to run all the way to the top. This was his chance to become a real runner,
like he always 5 he would be.
Early the next morning, he began his long journey. He ran and ran and never stopped. He ran all the way
through a sea of sand 6 he reached the volcano. As he made his way up, his body ached, but he didn’t
stop.
7 , the peak (顶峰) of the volcano was within the boy’s sight. His heart was filled with 8 !
He ran faster and pushed farther, but every time he thought he was getting 9 , it was another climb away,
another corner, another impossibly steep slope (陡坡).
“The other boys were 10 . I’ll never be a real runner,” the boy cried.
But as he looked down at the city lights below, he saw how far he had already come. He 1 1 that if he
could just put one foot in front of the other, for just a little longer, he could make it. He 1 2 again and
climbed his way up to the peak.
As he stood above the cities, above the deserts in the clouds, he felt a sense of 1 3 for believing in
himself and accomplishing what no one else thought he could. At that time, Webster really understood 1 4
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was impossible if you could try your best. He might be short and he might be small but he was a 1 5
runner. He always was.
1．A．luck B．beauty C．pleasure D．courage
2．A．often B．never C．always D．sometimes
3．A．looked up B．looked down C．looked around D．looked back
4．A．like B．with C．against D．about
5．A．dreamed B．decided C．worried D．caught
6．A．unless B．until C．since D．when
7．A．Actually B．Recently C．Suddenly D．Finally
8．A．love B．anger C．regret. D．excitement
9．A．faster B．slower C．closer D．farther
10．A．tall B．small C．right D．impolite
11．A．saw B．doubted C．realized D．suggested
12．A．cried B．ran C．visited D．planned
13．A．pride B．pain C．fear D．trouble
14．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything
15．A．free B．real C．kind D．weak
【答案】1-5 D B A A A 5-10 B D D C C 15-20 C B A A B
【解析】本文的主旨是通过坚持和努力，人们可以克服困难，实现自己的梦想，并证明他人的质疑是错误
的。韦伯斯特的故事展示了信念的力量，即使面对看似不可能的挑战，也能通过不屈不挠的精神达成目标。
【小题1】句意：跑步给了他勇气，让他觉得自己无所不能。
luck运气；beauty美丽；pleasure快乐；courage勇气。根据“making him feel like he could do anything.”可知，
跑步给了韦伯斯特勇气。故选D。
【小题2】句意：其他男孩似乎从不相信他。
often经常；never从不；always总是；sometimes有时。根据“Although he could run far and he could run fast”
可知，前后为让步关系，故空格句说的是但其他的孩子从不相信他。故选B。
【小题3】句意：当男孩抬头看着火山时，他决定爬到山顶上去。
looked up向上看；looked down向下看；looked around环顾四周；looked back回头。根据常识可知，韦伯斯
特参观火山，应该是抬头看火山。故选A。
【小题4】句意：他想象着一路跑到山顶会是什么样子。
like像；with和；against反对；about关于。本句考查What would it be like to do sth？用来表达对某件事情的
想象或好奇。故选A。
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【小题5】句意：这是他成为一名真正的跑步者的机会，就像他一直梦想的那样。
dreamed梦想；decided决定；worried担心；caught抓住。根据“This was his chance to become a real runner”
可知，成为一名真正的跑步者是他的梦想。故选A。
【小题6】句意：他一路跑过一片沙海，直到到达火山。
unless除非；until直到；since自；when当。根据“He ran and ran and never stopped.”可知，韦伯斯特一直跑
到火山。故选B。
【小题7】句意：终于，小男孩看到了火山的顶峰。
Actually实际上；Recently最近；Suddenly突然；Finally最后。前文“As he made his way up, his body ached,
but he didn’t stop.”小男孩在爬山，这里说的是他终于看到了火山的顶峰。故选D。
【小题8】句意：他的心里充满了兴奋。
love爱；anger愤怒；regret后悔；excitement兴奋。看到了火山的顶峰，心里肯定充满了兴奋。故选D。
【小题9】句意：但每当他觉得自己越来越近的时候，又要爬另一段距离，又一个拐角，又一个不可思议的
陡坡。
faster快的；slower慢的；closer更接近的；farther更远的。根据空格后的句子“it was another climb away,
another corner, another impossibly steep slope (陡坡).”可知，自己认为感觉更近时，又要爬另一段距离。故选
C。
【小题10】句意：其他男孩说得对。
tall高；small小；right正确的；impolite不礼貌的。首段末尾谈到了其他的孩子从不相信他跑得快、跑得远，
这时他有点灰心丧气，哭着想承认其他男孩说得对。故选C。
【小题11】句意：他意识到，如果他能把一只脚放在另一只脚的前面，只要多走一会儿，他就能成功。
saw看到；doubted怀疑；realized意识到；suggested建议。结合选项可知，后文内容“if he could just put one
foot in front of the other, for just a little longer, he could make it.”是他意识到的。故选C。
【小题12】句意：他又跑了起来，爬上了山顶。
cried哭；ran跑；visited参观；planned计划。根据“climbed his way up to the peak.”可知，现在他又跑了起
来。故选B。
【小题13】句意：当他站在城市之上，云层之上的沙漠之上时，他感到一种自豪感，因为他相信自己，完
成了别人认为他做不到的事情。
pride骄傲；pain疼痛；fear恐惧；trouble麻烦。根据“believing in himself and accomplishing what no one else
thought he could.”可知，他感到骄傲。故选A。
【小题14】句意：在那个时候，韦伯斯特真的明白，如果你能尽最大努力，没有什么是不可能的。
nothing没有什么；anything任何东西；something某物；everything一切。根据“As he stood above the cities,
above the deserts in the clouds, he felt a sense of pride for believing in himself and accomplishing what no one else
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thought he could.”可知，在韦伯斯特看来，只要尽最大努力，没有什么是不可能的。故选A。
【小题15】句意：他可能很矮，也可能很小，但他是一个真正的跑步者。
free自由的；real真正的；kind和善的；weak虚弱的。这里说的是韦伯斯特通过克服困难，实现了自己成为
一个真正跑步者的梦想。故选B。
二、阅读理解
A
(2024·上海普陀·二模)
Bruce Richmond is the favourite English teacher of
the Year 2023 in Maple High School. Hundreds of
students join his month-long free online writing lessons.
Besides reading Shakespeare’s plays, he enjoys helping
his students learn how to write. Now he is answering his
students’ questions in the weekly Q&A section online and
offering them some suggestions.
________
Tip 1 Use clever names. Well, quite often Shakespeare
Sam gives information about what a person in a play is like
through their names. For example, Romeo’s name means
a person being romantic and kind. Benvolio can be nice
and friendly. Falstaff is a character in Henry IV and he is
lazy and funny. Now think what you can call a person in a
play who is angry and hot-tempered all the time? Yes.
Maybe Rage or Fury.
Bruce
Richmond
How can I express my ideas and feelings in a way full
of life?
Anna Liu
Tip 2 Try metaphors. Shakespeare was a fan of
metaphors. A metaphor is a way of comparing one thing
with something else to show ideas, feelings, places and
more. And the two things usually have the same qualities.
In the play As You Like It, he writes, “________” What do
you think of the metaphor in this sentence?
Bruce
Richmond
What should I do if I can’t find a proper word?
Tip 3 ________. Eyeball. Lonely. Unreal... All these were
created by Shakespeare. If you have an idea that you can’t
think of a word for, be like Shakespeare and create your
own. If you want to create words that mean something and
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may stand the test of time, try creating words like this:
breakfast + lunch = brunch. And you can start with
making up words for everyday things in your home. Bruce
Thomas
Richmond
Do you want to write like Shakespeare? You can put your questions here, or write to Bruce Richmond
at bruce4weeksclass@163.com
1. Bruce Richmond’s free online writing lessons last for __________.
A．one year B．one month C．one week D．three weeks
2. What question might Sam ask?
A．What’s the most important thing to do to write good plots?
B．Why is the language really hard to understand?
C．What’s a quick way to make readers understand the characters?
D．How are all the details of the play put together?
3. According to the writer, the name Rage in a play is usually __________.
A．romantic and kind B．angry and hot-tempered
C．lazy and funny D．nice and friendly
4. Which of the following best fits the blank?
A．Do you not know I am a woman? When I think, I must speak.
B．One touch of nature makes the whole world families and relatives.
C．A fool thinks he is wise, but a wise man knows himself to be a fool.
D．All the world is a stage and all the men and women only players.
5. What might Bruce Richmond suggest to Thomas?
A．Make up new words B．Translate some words
C．Learn new words D．Look for similar words
6. The passage is written to __________.
A．encourage young students to be kind in their real life
B．attract parents to buy Shakespeare’s plays for their children
C．teach young students how to write plays like Shakespeare
D．show teachers that writing skills are too hard for the students
【答案】BCBDAC
【解析】本文主要介绍了英语老师Bruce Richmond在每周的在线问答部分回答学生的问题，并为他们提供
的一些写作建议。
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【小题1】细节理解颖，根据“Hundreds of students join his month-long free online writing lessons,”可知，
Bruce Richmond的免费在线写作课程持续一个月，故选B。
【小题2】推理判断题。根据“For example, Romeo’s name means a person being romantic and kind. Benvolio
can be nice and friendly. Falstaff is a character in Henry IV and he is lazy and funny. Now think what you can call a
person in a play who is angry and hot.tempered all the time? Yes. Maybe Rage or Fury.”"可知，举例介绍了可以通
过名字来理解人物性格，所以推测Sam可能会问“有什么方法可以让读者快速理解人物?”，故选C。
【小题3】细节理解题。根据“Now think what you can call a person in a play who is angry and hot-tempered all
the time? Yes. Maybe Rage or Fury.”可知，Rage这个名字通常是易怒且脾气暴躁的，故选B。
【小题4】推理判断题。根据“Shakespeare was a fan of metaphors. A metaphor is a way of comparing one thing
with something else to show ideas, feelings, places and more. And the two things usually have the same qualities."”
可知，隐喻是一种将一件事与另一件事进行比较的方式，以表达想法、感受、地点等，而且这两件事通常
具有相同的品质，选项D“全世界是一个舞台，所有的男女是选手。”符合隐喻的手法，故选D。
【小题5】推理判断题。根据“If you have an idea that you can't think of a word for, be like Shakespeare and
create your own. If you want to create words that mean something and may stand the test of time, try creating words
like this”可推知,Bruce Richmond建议Thomas创造新的单词，故选A。
【小题6】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了英语老师Bruce Richmond在每周的在线问答部分回答学生的问题，
并为他们提供的一些写作建议，所以这篇文章是为了教年轻学生如何像莎士比亚一样写戏剧，故选C。
B
(2024·浙江宁波·一模)
Beth received a piano as a gift from her neighbour Mr. Laurence. It had belonged to his late granddaughter.
Beth liked it very much and tried it. Her sisters said it was the greatest piano they had ever heard.
“You’ll have to go and thank him,” said Jo, Beth’s elder sister.
Yes, I mean to. I guess I’ll go now before I get frightened thinking about it.
Though Beth was shy, she also decided to show her gratitude. To her whole family’s surprise, Beth walked
towards Mr. Laurence’s house.
“Mr. Laurence became cross (易怒的) after his granddaughter died. Beth is such a shy girl; how dare she talk
with him?” cried Hannah, her mum, staring after her, while the girls became quite speechless by the miracle (奇迹)
they saw later.
Beth knocked at the door before she gave herself time to think. A gruff voice called out, “Come in!” She did go
in, right up to Mr. Laurence, saying in her low voice, “I came to thank you sir, for…” But she didn’t finish, for Mr.
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Laurence looked so friendly that she forgot her speech, only remembering that he had lost the little girl he loved.
After a while, she put her arms round his neck and kissed him.
If the roof of the house had suddenly flown off, the old gentleman wouldn’t have been more surprised. But he
liked it. He liked it amazingly! And he was so touched and pleased by that little kiss and all his crossness
disappeared. He just set her on his knee, and laid his wrinkled cheek against her pink one, feeling as if he had got his
own little granddaughter back. Beth wasn’t afraid of him from that moment, and sat there talking to him as cozily as
if she had known him all her life, for love casts out (赶走) fear, and gratitude can conquer (征服) pride.
When it was time for Beth to go home, Mr. Laurence walked with her to her own gate, shook hands and
touched his hat as he marched back again, looking very stately and erect like a handsome soldierly old gentleman, as
he was.
1. How did the family members feel when they saw Beth walking to Mr. Laurence’s house?
A．Angry. B．Surprised. C．Nervous. D．Thankful.
2. Why did Beth hug and kiss Mr. Laurence instead of just thanking him?
A．Because she felt sorry for his loss. B．Because she had known him for a long time.
C．Because she was too afraid to talk to him. D．Because she was moved by his love for music.
3. Which of the following is the correct order according to the passage?
a. Beth visited Mr. Laurence. to thank him. b. Mr. Laurence gave Beth a piano as a gift.
c. Mr. Laurence’s little granddaughter died. d. Beth and Mr. Laurence had a good time together.
A．b-a-c-d B．b-a-d-c C．c-a-b-d D．c-b-a-d
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．How to Conquer Fear in Life B．Show Thanks to People Who Helped Us
C．Be Friendly and Helpful to the Old D．Love and Gratitude Can Create a Miracle
【答案】BADD
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了贝丝从邻居劳伦斯先生那里收到了一架钢琴作为礼物，劳伦斯先
生在孙女死后变得暴躁，但贝丝还是鼓起勇气去感谢他，是爱和感激赶走了恐惧。
【小题1】观点态度题。根据“'To her whole family's surprise, Beth walked towards Mr.Laurence's house.”可
知，看着贝丝走向劳伦斯先生家，家人们都很惊讶。故选B。
【小题 2】推理判断题。根据“But she didn't finish, for Mr. Laurence looked so friendly that she forgot her
speech, only remembering that he had lost the little girl he loved, After a while, she put her arms round his neck and
kissed him,"可知，劳伦斯先生看贝丝的眼神就像是在看他已故的孙女，由此可猜测，贝丝对此感到遗憾，因
此亲吻了劳伦斯先生。故选A。
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【小题3】篇章结构题。根据“'Beth received a piano as a gift from her neighbour Mr. Laurence. It had belonged
to his late granddaughter.”可知，在孙女死后，劳伦斯先生将钢琴送给了贝丝;根据“You'll have to go and thank
him,”可知，收到礼物后，贝丝决定去感谢劳伦斯先生;根据“If the roof of the house had suddenly flown off,
the old gentleman wouldn’t have been more surprised. ... and laid his wrinkled cheek against her pink one, feeling
as if he had got his own little granddaughter back. "知，贝丝和劳伦斯先生度过了一段快乐的时光。故选D。
【小题 4】最佳标题题。根据“... cried Hannah, her mum, staring after her, while the girls became quite
speechless by the miracle (奇迹) they saw later."和“Beth wasn't afraid of him from that moment, and sat there
talking to him as cozily as if she had known him all her life, for love casts out fear, and gratitude can conquer pride.”
可知，感激和爱赶走了恐惧，创造了奇迹，因此D项“爱和感恩可以创造奇迹”最适合做本文的标题。故
选D。
C
(2024·北京大兴·一模)
It is so easy to describe people as being talented. Just look at any headline praising a piece of artwork, music, or
other great feat, and you are likely to see the word “talented” or “gifted”. However, is being talented a true marker of
success?
Some people believe that talent plays a key role in achieving success fast. Those with natural ability in a
particular field can often gain success rapidly with less effort. For example, a person with a natural ear for music
may find it easier to learn to play an instrument. Take a look at Wolfgang Mozart. He composed his first musical
masterpiece (杰作) at the age of 5. And at the age of 7, he went on his first tours to perform his abilities for the
world.
In the process of highlighting the “natural” gifts of achievers, hard work can get lost in the mix. The result is
that many “talents” believe they only need to depend on their innate (内在的) abilities in order to produce great
works. Inevitably, this can lead to disappointment, frustration, and even mental health problems, because the reality
is that talent alone is not enough.
One is often led to believe that being naturally gifted is the ultimate prerequisite (最终的先决条件) for success
in any field. But almost every example of a big achievement involves some degree of putting in some amount of
work. In athletics, for example, standout athletes such as Michael Jordan, Usain Bolt, and Serena Williams are often
praised for their natural abilities. However, closer analysis of their careers shows that these athletes spent huge
chunks of their lives practicing.
Aside from working hard, talent can only become useful if the owner of that talent does what is necessary to
expand (拓展) it. If your talent is just being good at playing the guitar, for instance, that ability can only get you so
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far because there are many other people who also know their way around the instrument. How will you set yourself
apart from the crowd? You would do so by finding ways to expand your guitar-playing capabilities, whether that
means learning new finger tricks or mastering different types of guitars. Then you will be more successful than
others.
Nothing is wrong with having natural abilities. After all, everyone is born to be good at something. However,
finding success at any level, and in any field, requires more than talent. The relationships you create with people and
habits you develop also play a role in your ability to grow your career. But, ultimately, working hard is the main
factor as to how far you can go.
1. The writer uses the example of Mozart to tell us that ________.
A．natural ability can help speed up success B．being famous should be as early as possible
C．talent can take the place of effort completely D．everyone is born to be good at something
2. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The result of an art competition. B．The achievements of famous talents.
C．The problems of overvaluing innate abilities. D．The process of producing great works by talents.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A．Hard work helps people find out their natural abilities easily.
B．Almost every great achievement requires a certain amount of effort.
C．Relationships with people and habits are more important than talent.
D．Talented people are more likely to succeed than hardworking people.
4. The writer probably agrees that ________.
A．hard work brings people more success than talent does
B．talent gives people a head start in achievement s in any field
C．having talent is not enough to ensure success unless talent is improved
D．hard work is no more necessary unless it is done by people successfully
【答案】ACBC
【解析】本文作者主要讲述了天赋对于成功来说固然重要，但是能让你走得更远的还是努力。
【小题1】推理判断题，根据第二段"'Some people believe that talent plays a key role in achieving success fast.
Those with natural ability in a particular field can often gain success rapidly with less effort.”可知本段主要讲述天
赋会让成功变得更快，因此可推断作者通过举莫扎特的例子主要为了说明天赋会加快成功的速度。故选A。
【小题2】段落大意题。根据“Inevitably, this can lead to disappointment, frustration, and even mental health
problems, because the reality is that talent alone is not enough.”可知太高估天赋的作用会导致失望，受挫甚至精
神健康问题，因此本段主要讲述了太看重天生的能力会产生的问题。故选C。
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【小题3】细节理解题。根据“ But almost every example of a big achievement involves some degree of putting
in some amount of work. ”可知几乎所有的大成就都需要努力。故选B。
【小题4】推理判断题。根据“Aside from working hard,talent can only become useful if the owner of that talent
does what is necessary to expand(拓展)it.”可知只有当拥有者做了拓展天赋的必要的事情，天赋才会起作用。
因此可推断作者认为除非天赋得到提升,否则不足以保证能成功。故选C。
D
(2024·江苏无锡·一模)
In the largest observational study to date on “superagers”—people in their 80s who have brains as sharp as
those 30 years younger—researchers in Spain found key differences in lifestyle that may contribute to these older
adults’ sharp minds.
Superagers in the study had more gray matter (灰质) in parts of the brain related to movement, and they scored
higher on flexibility, balance and mobility (行走能力) tests than typical older adults—even though the physical
activity levels of the two groups were the same. “Though superagers report similar activity levels to typical older
people, it’s possible they do more physically demanding activities like gardening or stair climbing,” said senior
author Bryan Strange, director of the Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience at the Technical University of Madrid, in
a statement.
“From lower blood pressure and obesity levels to increased blood flow to the brain, there are many direct and
indirect benefits of being physically active that may contribute to improved cognitive abilities in old age.” The study,
published on Thursday in The Lancet Healthy Longevity journal, followed 64 superagers and 55 cognitively normal
older adults who were part of the Vallecas Project, a long-term research project on Alzheimer’s in Madrid (马德里的
老年痴呆症). In a series of tests, the study found the Spanish superagers scored lower than typical older adults in
levels of depression and anxiety. Mental health issues such as depression are known risk factors for developing
dementia(痴呆).
Superagers also told researchers they had been more active in midlife, had been happy with the amount of sleep
they got, and were independent in their daily living. Poor sleep is a key risk factor for cognitive decline. “This study
adds to what we already know—superaging isn’t just the ability to perform well on a cognitive test,” said Angela
Roberts, an assistant joint professor of communication and computer science at Western University in London,
Ontario, in an email.
1. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A．Physical activities affect the brain composition (构成) of superagers.
B．Superagers and typical older adults have similar activity levels.
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C．Physically activities like gardening or stair climbing are demanding.
D．Superagers’ brain structure is different from that of typical older adults.
2. What can we learn from the study published in The Lancet Healthy Longevity journal?
A．The study focuses on mental health of the subjects.
B．The study finds the relationship between depression and dementia.
C．Cognitive abilities in old age may be improved by physical activities.
D．Superagers are more likely to develop dementia than typical older adults.
3. What may the follow-up study focus on?
A．The relationship between sleep and cognition.
B．The relationship between midlife and cognition.
C．The relationship between activity level and cognition.
D．The relationship between independence and cognition.
4. What can we know from Angela Roberts’ words?
A．She is good at cognitive tests. B．She knows little about superaging.
C．Superagers are more active in old age life. D．Superagers scored high in many aspects.
【答案】ACAD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。“超级老人“指的是80多岁的人的大脑和30岁的年轻人一样敏锐，西班牙的
研究人员对“超级老人”进行了迄今为止规模最大的观察性研究，研究发现，生活方式上的关键差异可能
导致了这些老年人思维敏捷。
【小题1】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Superagers in the study had more gray matter (灰质) in parts ofthe
brain related to movement, and they scored higher on flexibility, balance and mobility (行走力) tests than typical
older adults"和"Though superagers report similar activity levels to typical older people, it's possible they do more
physically demanding activities like gardening or stair climbing,”可知，体力活动会影响超级老人的大脑成分。
故选A。
【小题2】细节理解题，根据第三段中的"From lower blood pressure and obesity levels to increased blood flow
to the brain, there are many direct and indirect benefits of being physically active that may contribute to improved
cognitive abilities in old age.”知，身体活动有许多直接和间接的好处，可能有助于提高老年人的认知能力。
故选C。
【小题 3】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Superagers also told researchers they had been more active in
midlife, had been happy with the amount of sleep they got, and were independent in their daily living. Poor sleep is a
key risk factor for cognitive decline."-后续研究的重点可能是睡眠和认知之间的关系。故选A。
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【小题4】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“This study adds to what we already know—superaging isn’t just the
ability to perform well on a cognitive test,”可知，从Angela Roberts的话中可以了解到超级老人在很多方面都得
分很高。故选D。
三、任务型阅读
(2024·上海奉贤·二模 )
Once upon a time, there were four seeds who were good friends. The wind took them into the air and they
finally landed on an open space in a jungle. There they remained hidden in the ground, hoping they would be able to
grow up and become beautiful trees.
But when the first seed began germinating (发芽), they realized that it wouldn’t be such an easy task. In that
area, there lived a group of monkeys, and the smallest ones would amuse themselves by throwing bananas at any
plant that was starting to grow.
They threw so many bananas at the first seed that it was almost split (分裂) in two. And when it told the other
seeds what had happened, they all agreed it would be better to wait for that group of monkeys to move on before
they tried to grow.
Then, the first seed thought she should at least attempt (尝试) it. And when she tried, she was pelted with
bananas, and was left folded over. The other seeds told her to stop trying, but that little seed was so determined to
become a tree that she tried again and again.
So, for days, weeks and months, the little plant was attacked by the monkeys, and she was always doubled over
(在腰部弯曲).
And then, one day, she didn’t double over. She was hit by one banana after another, but none of them managed
to make her bend. She had taken so many blows, and been doubled over so many times, that she was full of hard
knots and scars. They helped her grow stronger, and finally, it could withdraw (承受) the impact of a banana. And
the brave seed was already so well developed that the little monkeys couldn’t uproot her from the ground, either. So
there she stayed, growing, growing and growing.
Thanks to the strength of her trunk, she could continue to overcome all difficulties, until she became the most
majestic tree in the jungle. Meanwhile, her friends remained hidden in the ground. They were still hoping that those
horrible monkeys would one day lose interest in throwing bananas at them. They never realized that those animals
were strengthening them by throwing bananas at them. This would prepare the seeds for all the problems they would
meet in their lives.
1. The wind took the four seeds into the air and dropped them in a jungle, didn’t it?
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2. What happened when the first seed began germinating?
3. How did the other seeds react (反应) when the first seed told them what had happened?
4. Why did the first seed try again and again to germinate?
5. What does the underlined word “they” refer to according to the passage?
6. If you were one of the four seeds, how would you prepare for your future? (explain your reasons)
【答案】
【小题1】Yes, they did.
【小题2】Monkeys threw bananas at the first seed.
【小题3】The other seeds told her to stop trying.
【小题4】Because she was determined to become a tree.
【小题5】Hard knots and scars.
【小题6】I would never give up, because no pains, no gains.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，借用四颗种子的故事，暗示只有努力向前才有灿烂的未来。
【小题1】根据“The wind took them into the air and they finally landed on an open space in a jungle.”可知风把
四颗种子带到空中，把它们扔在丛林里，用肯定回答。故填Yes,they did.
【小题2】根据“But when the first seed began germinating (发芽), they realized that it wouldn't be such an easy
task. In that area, there lived a group of monkeys, and the smallest ones would amuse themselves by throwing
bananas at any plant that was starting to grow.They threw so many bananas at the first seed that it was almost
split(分裂)in two.”"可知当第一颗种子开始发芽的时候，猴子朝她扔香蕉。故 Monkeys threw bananas at the
first seed.
【小题3】 根据“The other seeds told her to stop trying, but that little seed was so determined to become a tree
that she tried again and again.”可知别的种子劝她停止尝试。故填The other seeds told her to stop trying.
【小题4】 根据“The other seeds told her to stop trying, but that little seed was so determined to become a tree
that she tried again and again.”可知是因为她决心成为一棵树。故填 Because she was determined to become a
tree.
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【小题5】 根据“She had taken so many blows, and been doubled over so many times, that she was full of hard
knots and scars. They helped her grow stronger, and finally, it could withdraw(承受) the impact of a banana.”可知硬
结和疤痕帮助她长得更壮，they指代上文提到过的“硬结和疤痕”。故填Hard knots and scars.
【小题6】主观发挥题，答案合理即可。故填I would never give up,because no pains, no gains.
四、短文填空
A
(2024·重庆沙坪坝·一模 )
根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
Simple living doesn’t mean that you give up your job and start living in the countryside, but it means that we
spend our time, energy and efforts on important things in life. It can benefit us a lot in some ways.
Give you a 1 mind
Firstly, simple living can keep you from unnecessary worries. It makes sure that unnecessary things are out of
your life, and brings peace to not only your body, but also your mind. You can pay full attention to the real things
that lead to a meaningful life. 2 simple living you can see the active side of life and won’t feel angry or
unhappy.
Make you have time for your loved ones
Secondly, simple living can make you have time for your loved ones. Most of us live 3 busy lives that we
forget to spend time with our loved ones. This makes us lose the warmth and love. People who believe in simple
living value the time with their loved ones.
Improve your health
Thirdly, simple living is helpful in the improvement of health. By c 4 to live simply, you will live a stress-
free life. Simple living also gives you a new view on things and helps you join in creative activities. It a 5 you
to spend some time on relaxing activities, physical exercises, etc., which help you in leading a healthy lifestyle.
Enable you to look back on your life
Fourthly, living simply enables you to have time to look back on the valuable moments in your life. It makes
you realize your strengths and weaknesses. People who are busy going after wealth hardly have time to think
for 6 . That’s why they are often not sure what they exactly want from their 7 . Simple living helps you stay
happy with what life has offered you and helps in creating positivity in your life.
Help you to save money
Lastly, living simply helps you cut down on your daily cost. It can also help you form good spending habits. For
example, you can buy clothes only 8 the old ones have worn out or really need changing.
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To live simply is no easy task, but you should have the courage to choose it, and then you will acquire the true
joy of life.
【答案】
【小题1】peaceful
【小题2】Through
【小题3】such
【小题4】(c)hoosing
【小题5】(a)llows
【小题6】themselves
【小题7】lives
【小题8】when/if/because
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了选择简单的生活种种好处。
【小题1】句意:给你一个平和的心态。根据下文“Firstly, simple living can keep you from unnecessary worries.
It makes sure that unnecessary things are out of your life, and brings peace to not only your body, but also your
mind.”可知，简单的生活可以让你远离不必要的烦恼，给你的身、心带来平静;peaceful“平静的”，形容词，
在句中作定语，修饰名词mind。故填peaceful。
【小题2】句意:通过简单的生活，你可以看到生活积极的一面，不会感到生气或不开心。结合上下文可知，
此处是指通过简单的生活，through“凭借，通过”，介词，与simple living组成介词短语，位于句首，首字
母要大写。故填Through。
【小题3】句意:我们大多数人都过着忙碌的生活，以至于忘记了花时间和我们所爱的人在一起。根据.“.busy
lives that we forget...”可知，此处考査such+形容词+名词复数+that从句，表示“如此..以至于.”。故填such。
【小题4】句意:选择简单的生活，你就会过上没有压力的生活。结合句意和首字母“c”可知，此处是指选择
简单的生活,choose“选择”，动词;根据空前介词By可知，此处应用动名词形式choosing作介词宾语。故填
(c)hoosing。
【小题5】句意:它可以让你花一些时间用在放松活动上，进行体育锻炼等，这有助于你过上健康的生活方式。
结合句意和首字母“。”可知，此处是指允许你花时间放松，考査 allow sb.to dosh.“允许某人做某事”，其
中allow“允许”，动词;句子时态为-般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，调语动词应用三单形式allows。故
填(a)llows。
【小题6】句意:忙于追求财富的人几乎没有时间为自己思考。根据“People who are busy going after wealth
hardly have time to think for.”可知，此处是指忙于追求财富的人没有时间为他们自己思考;主语为People，应
用反身代词themselves来指代“人们自己”。故填themselves。
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【小题7】句意:这就是为什么他们常常不确定自己到底想从生活中得到什么。根据下文“Simple living helps
you stay happy with what life has offered you and helps in creating positivity in your life.”可知，此处是指从他们
的生活中获得什么;life“生活”，可数名词，空前有形容词性物主代词 their，因此这里应用名词复数形式
lives。故填lives。
【小题8】句意:例如，你可以买衣服，只有当旧的已经磨损或真的需要更换。根据“only...the old ones have
worn out or really need changing"可知，买衣服的时间/条件/原因是，旧衣服已经磨损或真的需要更换，应用
连词when/if/because引导状语从句。故填when/if/because。
B
(2024·上海青浦·二模 )
Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给
出。)
Dear past humans,
I am writing to you from the future, a time beyond your imagination. I want to share with you what our world
has become and how it differs from the one you live in.
Firstly, let me tell you that we have made incredible (难以置信的) progress in many a 1 . Medicine has
advanced to the point where we have found ways to deal with almost every disease that once caused pains or
troubles. We have learned to use clean, renewable energy sources and have r 2 our impact (影响) on the
environment greatly. We have also made big progress in AI (artificial intelligence) ( 人工智能) and space
exploration, allowing us to unlock the mysteries of the universe.
However, despite all these things, our world still faces many c 3 . The gap between rich and poor has grown
wider and many people still struggle to make ends meet. Climate change has caused many natural disasters and
forced many people to leave their homes. And while our efforts on artificial intelligence are proved to be a big step
f 4 , we must be careful to make sure that it does not cause harm to humanity.
But perhaps the most important thing I want to share with you is that we have realized the importance of being
r 5 . We have come to understand that our actions and decisions have an impact on others and on the planet we
call home. We are working together to build a more reasonable fair world where everyone has chances to get the
resources they need. I hope that you can take these l 6 to heart and fight for yourselves and the future. The
choices you make today will have an impact on generations to come. Let us work together to build a
b 7 tomorrow.
Yours sincerely,
A future human
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【答案】
【小题1】(a)reas/aspects
【小题2】(r)educed
【小题3】(c)hallenges
【小题4】(f)orward
【小题5】(r)esponsible
【小题6】(l)essons
【小题7】(b)right/(b)righter/(b)etter
【解析】本文主旨是分享未来人类对于他们所取得进步的认识，以及仍然面临的挑战，特别是贫富差距、
气候变化和人工智能带来的问题。同时，强调了负责任的重要性，并鼓励现在的人们做出合理和公平的选
择，为构建一个更美好的未来而共同努力。
【小题1】句意:首先，我要告诉大家，我们在很多方面都取得了令人难以置信的进步。根据下文提到的
“Medicine has advanced to the point"、“We have learned to use clean,renewable energy sources"以及“We have
also made big progress in AI”,再结合首字母提示可知，这里说的是在很多方面取得了进步。故
填(a)reas/(a)spects。【小题2】句意:我们学会了使用清洁、可再生能源，大大减少了我们对环境的影响。根
据文中的内容“use clean,renewable energy sources”以及空格后的"our impact (影响) on the environment
greatly.”可知，因为使用了清洁、可再生资源，所以对环境的影响大大减小了。观察句子结构可知，本句时
态是现在完成时，根据首字母提示可知，空格所填词为reduced。故填(r)educed。
【小题3】句意:然而，尽管如此，我们的世界仍然面临许多挑战。根据下文的描述“The gap between rich
and poor has grown wider and many people still struggle to make ends met"及“Climate change has caused many
natural disasters and forced many people to leave their homes.”可知，面临许多挑战。故填(c)hallenges。
【小题4】句意:虽然我们在人工智能方面的努力被证明是向前迈出的一大步。本题考査短语 a big step
forward“向前迈了一大步”。故填(f)orward。
【小题5】句意:我们已经认识到负责任的重要性，根据文中的“We have come to understand that our actions
and decisions have an impact on others and on the planet we call home.”可知，未来人类意识到了责任的重要
性。空格处所填词是对来来人类行为的描述，需用形容词。故填(r)esponsible。
【小题6】句意:我希望你能把这些教训牢记在心。本题考查take the lesson to heart“牢记教训”，所填词位于
“these”之后，故填复数形式。故填(l)essons。
【小题7】句意:让我们共同努力，建设更加美好的明天。根据“Let us work together to build"和空格后的名
词“tomorrow”可知，句子说的是建设美好的明天。这里也暗含和过去相比较，根据首字母提示，空格处可
以填bright/brighter/better。故填(b)right'(b)righter/(b)etter。
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五、书面表达
A
(2024·江苏扬州·一模 )
为帮助学生更好地了解中国红的历史及其蕴含的文化内涵，上周你校开展了跨学科融合教学活动，包
括语文、历史、艺术、劳动(labor)等学科，请你以“Lessons Themed on Chinese Red”为题，根据表格内容提
示完成一篇英语报道、向学校英文报投稿，介绍你们在融合课堂上的实践内容及学习收获。
Background ●A traditional Chinese color
●Happiness...
(What you know about Chinese red)
●...
●Tell revolutionary (革命) stories
History & Chinese
●…
Lesson
●Draw the Chinese national flag
(What do you do in class)
Art & Labor ●Design red Chinese things like red packets,...
●Make red Chinese things such as...
Feeling ●Stand for national spirits
●...
(What you’ve got in class)
●...
要求：
1.表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2.必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥；
3.词数在100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
4.不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
Lessons Themed on Chinese Red
Last week our school held a series of cross-subject activities themed on “Chinese Red”.
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【答案】One possible version:
Lessons Themed on Chinese Red
Last week our school held a series of cross-subject activities themed on “Chinese Red”.
Chinese red is a traditional Chinese color. It is a symbol of happiness, wealth and good luck, That's why
Chinese red is widely used in traditional festivals and weddings.
We had many lessons about Chinese red, ranging from history to labor. Our history teacher told us some
inspiring revolutionary stories. We also read aloud some revolutionary poems in the Chinese lesson. Then came my
favourite part-art and labor. We drew the Chinese national flag and designed red Chinese things like red packets and
red lanterns. We had fun making red Chinese things such as Chinese knots.
We have learnt that Chinese red stands for national spirits from these lessons. It is meaningful for Chinese people.
【解析】
[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇材料作文;
②时态:一般过去时和一般现在时;
③提示:写作提示已给出，考生应注意不要漏写你的学习收获，适当发挥，使上下文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步:介绍“中国红”;
第二步:具体阐述在融合课堂上的实践内容
第三步:说明你的学习收获。
[亮点词汇]
①symbol象征
②inspiring鼓舞人心的
③meaningful有意义的
[高分句型]
①)That's why Chinese red is widely used in traditional festivals and weddings.(why引导的表语从句)
②We have leant that Chinese red stands for national spirits from these lessons.(that导的宾语从句)
B
(2024·河北保定·一模)
中国自古以来就是礼仪之邦，文明礼仪是中华民族的优良传统，是做人的美德，更是一个现代文明人
必备的素养。作为新一代的青少年，在学习和生活中，如何提升自身的文明素养？请以“I Am a Student
with Good Manners”为题，根据提示内容，用英语写一篇短文。
提示：
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(1) To be polite, what do you usually do at school?
(2) What do you usually do at home?
(3) In public, how do you behave politely?
要求：
(1) 短文须包括提示中的所有要点，可适当发挥;
(2) 文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名;
(3) 词数80个左右(开头已给出，不计人总词数)。
I Am a Student with Good Manners
It is very important to be a person with good manners in our daily life.
At school,
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【答案】One possible version:
I Am a Student with Good Manners
It is very important to be a person with good manners in our daily life.
At school, we should always greet our teachers and classmates with a smile and a hello. I respect my teachers.
lIam friendly to my classmates and we often help each other.
At home, I respect my parents and our grandparents. Also, I love my family members and do things by myself.
Then, I usually say“please" and “thank you" all the time. As for table manners, I never talk with food in my mouth.
Besides, I follow the traffic rules when walking or riding. In public, I don't speak loudly. What's more, to keep the
environment clean, I don't drop litter everywhere.
As a middle school student, I believe I should do more for our country, So I will work harder to build a bright
future!
【解析】
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[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇材料作文;
②时态:时态为一般现在时;
③提示:根据提示内容介绍作为一名中学生，在学习和生活中，如何提升自身的文明素养，适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步:引出话题;
第二步:介绍自己在学校、在家以及在公共场合是如何做的;
第三步:书写总结。
[亮点词汇]
①be friendly to对某人友好
②all the time总是
③in public在公共场合
[高分句型]
①I am friendly to my classmates and we often help each other. (and连接的并列句)
②What's more, to keep the environment clean, I don’t drop litter everywhere.(动词不定式作目的状语)
③I believe I should do more for our country.(宾语从句)
23
