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译林版 必修第一册 Unit 3 Getting along with others
北师大版 选择性必修第四册 Unit 10 Connections
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．parcel n．包裹；邮包
2．status n．法律地位；身份
3．document n．公文，文件 v．记录，记载
4．grocery n．食品杂货店
5．suburb n．郊区，近郊，城郊
6．breakdown n．(关系)破裂；故障
7．rate n．速度；率 vi.& vt.评价，评估
8．acquaintance n．熟人；相识；了解；知道
9．network n．人际/关系网，联络网；网络，网状系统
10．orphan n．孤儿
11．proceed vi.继续进行，继续做
12．bond n．纽带；联系；关系；结合 v．使牢固结合
13．frown vi.& n．皱眉
14．household n．一家人，同住一栋房子的人
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．rank n．地位，级别 v．把……分等级；排列
2．release vt.& n．发表，发布；释放
3．message n．消息；信息
4．chain n．一连串，一系列；链子，链条 v．用锁链拴住
5．reveal vt.揭示，揭露；展现，显露
6．battle n．，vt.& vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争7．figure n．数字；人物；图形；画像 vi.& vt.计算；认为
8．view n．看法；视线；景色 vt.把……视为；观看
9．gather vi.聚集，集合 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集
10．scene n．(戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光
11．sob vi.& vt.(sobbed，sobbed)抽噎，啜泣；呜咽着说 n．抽噎(声)；啜泣(声)
12．swear vt.& vi.(swore，sworn)发誓，宣誓；诅咒 n．宣誓；诅咒
13．target n．(攻击的)目标，对象；靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标；面向
14．conflict n．抵触，冲突，矛盾 vi.冲突，抵触
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．refuse v．拒绝，回绝→refusal n．拒绝
2．congratulate vt.祝贺；恭喜；庆贺→congratulation n．祝贺；贺辞
3．celebrate vt.庆祝；举行；赞美→celebration n．庆典，庆祝会；庆祝；颂扬
4．anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的→anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地→anxiety n．焦虑；担心；
渴望
5．dive vi.扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水 n．跳水；潜水→diver n．潜水者；跳水的选手
6．misunderstand vt.误解；误会→misunderstanding n．误解；误会；不和
7．investigate vi.& vt.查明，调查，侦查→investigation n．调查；调查研究
8．freeze vi.& vt.呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结→freezing adj.冰点以下的，结冰的；
极冷的→frozen adj.冷冻的；冷藏的；冻僵
9．interrupt vi.& vt.打断(某人的)讲话，中断(某人的)行动，打扰→interruption n．中断；干
扰；中断之事
10．harmony n．协调；和睦；融洽；调和→harmonious adj.和谐的，和睦的；协调的
→harmoniously adv.和谐地
11．spot n．粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 v．认出；看见；弄脏→spotted adj.有斑点的；
弄污的
12．share v．分享，共用；有同样的感情(或经历)；分担 n．份，份额；股份→shared adj.
共享的
13．legal adj.法律的；法律允许的，合法的→legally adv.合法地；法律上→illegal adj.非法
的；违法的；违反规则的
14．neighborhood(＝neighbourhood) n．附近；街坊→neighbo(u)r n．邻居 vt.与……相邻；
邻近→neighbo(u)ring adj.邻近的；附近的
15．consequence n．后果→consequently adv.因此；结果；所以→consequent adj.随之发生
的，作为结果的
16．intend vt.& vi.打算；想要；意指→intention n．计划，意图→intentional adj.故意的；蓄意的；策划的→intentionally adv.故意地，有意地
17．despair n．绝望→despairing adj.感到绝望的；表示绝望的→despairingly adv.绝望地
18．amazement n．吃惊，惊奇→amazing adj.令人惊异的→amazingly adv.令人惊讶地；惊
奇地→amazed adj.感到惊讶的→amaze v．(使)大为惊奇，惊愕
19．calm vt.使平静，使镇静 adj.镇静的，沉着的→calmly adv.冷静地；平静地；安静地
→calmness n．冷静，镇静；平静，安宁
20．press vt.& vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n．报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作
者，新闻界→pressure n．压力；压迫→pressing adj.紧迫的，迫切的
21．privacy n．隐私→private adj.私人的，私有的；私立的；私营的→privately adv.私下地；
秘密地
22．stranger n．陌生人；外地人→strange adj.奇怪的；陌生的→strangely adv.奇怪地；奇
妙地；不可思议地
23．punctual adj.准时的，守时的；精确的→punctually adv.准时地，如期地→punctuality
n．守时
24．mean adj.不善良的；刻薄的 v．打算；意思是→means n．手段；方法→meaning n．
意义；含义；意图→meaningful adj.有意义的；意味深长的
25．disagreement n．意见不合，分歧，争论→disagree vi.不同意；不一致；争执；不适宜
→agree vi.同意，赞成→agreement n．协议；同意，一致
26．encouragement n．鼓励，鼓舞→encourage vt.鼓励，怂恿；激励；支持→encouraging
adj.令人鼓舞的→encouraged adj.受到鼓舞的
1．troublesome adj.令人烦恼的；令人痛苦的
2．tear-stained adj.有泪痕的
3．sociologist n．社会学家
4．gossip n．流言蜚语；爱说长道短的人 v．说三道四；传播流言蜚语
5．resolutely adv.坚决地，坚定地
6．shiver vi.& n．颤抖，哆嗦，发抖
7．closely-knit adj.紧密结合在一起的
8．degrade v．(使)降级，(使)堕落；降低……的身份
9．outskirts n．市郊，郊区，远离城市中心的地区
10．salute n．致敬，致意；敬礼 v．行礼致敬，致意
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．envy sb (doing) sth 羡慕/嫉妒某人(做)某事
2．hang on/hold on等一下；别挂断电话
3．hang up/ring off挂断电话4．a sense of belonging归属感
5．ask for请求，要求；寻找
6．calm down平静下来，镇静下来
7．wave sb goodbye向某人挥手道别
8．draw sth out of sth 提取，支取
9．call on访问，拜访；号召，请求
10．hold back隐瞒；退缩；抑制；阻止
11．think sth through充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透
12．from one’s point of view从某人的角度、观点出发
13．see eye to eye with sb (on sth)(在某事上)与某人看法一致
14．get through通过；到达；做完；接通(电话)；度过，熬过(困难时期等)
15．burst into laughter 突然笑起来
16．burst into tears 突然哭起来
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．It hit/hits sb that...某人突然想到……
Suddenly it hit me that I could spend the weekend in the nearby holiday camp with my friends.
我突然想起我可以去附近度假营和朋友一起过周末。
2．be likely to do sth 可能做某事
However，people from places like Spain，Italy or South American countries approach others
closely and are more likely to touch them.
但是，来自像西班牙、意大利或南美国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且更可能会(用
身体)接触对方。
3．not all...部分否定
It must be noted that not all employees agree with the plan，and their opinions are divided on it.
我们要注意的是并不是所有的员工都同意这个计划，他们的意见是有分歧的。
4．have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth做某事有困难
With the guide leading the way，we had no difficulty/trouble (in) getting out of the forest and
went home safe and sound.
有向导领路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林，安然无恙地回到了家。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共6分)
1．document n．公文，文件 v．记录，记载
2．breakdown n． ( 关系 ) 破裂；故障
3．rate n．速度；率 vi.& vt.评价，评估4．acquaintance n．熟人；相识；了解；知道
5．network n． 人际 / 关系网，联络网；网络，网状系统
6．bond n．纽带；联系；关系；结合
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共8分)
1．release vt.& n．发表，发布；释放
2．reveal vt.揭示，揭露；展现，显露
3．battle n．，vt.& vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争
4．figure n．数字；人物；图形；画像 vi.& vt.计算；认为
5．view n．看法；视线；景色 vt.把……视为；观看
6．gather vi.聚集，集合 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集
7．scene n．(戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光
8．target n．(攻击的)目标，对象；靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标；面向
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共18分)
1．anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的→anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地→anxiety n．焦虑；担心；
渴望
2．congratulate vt.祝贺；恭喜；庆贺→congratulation n．祝贺；贺辞
3．misunderstand vt.误解；误会→misunderstanding n．误解；误会；不和
4．celebrate vt.庆祝；举行；赞美→celebration n．庆典，庆祝会；庆祝；颂扬
5．privacy n．隐私→private adj.私人的，私有的；私立的；私营的→privately adv.私下地；
秘密地
6．freeze vi.& vt.呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结→freezing adj.冰点以下的，结冰的；
极冷的→frozen adj.冷冻的；冷藏的；冻僵
7．interrupt vi.& vt.打断(某人的)讲话，中断(某人的)行动，打扰→interruption n．中断；干
扰；中断之事
8．harmony n．协调；和睦；融洽；调和→harmonious adj.和谐的，和睦的；协调的
→harmoniously adv.和谐地
9．neighbo(u)rhood n．附近；街坊→neighbo(u)r n．邻居 v．与……相邻；邻近
→neighbo(u)ring adj.邻近的；附近的
10．punctual adj.准时的，守时的；精确的→punctually adv.准时地，如期地→punctuality
n．守时
11．disagreement n．意见不合，分歧，争论→disagree vi.不同意；不一致；争执；不适宜
→agree vi.同意，赞成→agreement n．协议；同意，一致
12．refuse v．拒绝，回绝→refusal n．拒绝
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．troublesome adj.令人烦恼的；令人痛苦的2．sociologist n．社会学家
3．resolutely adv.坚决地，坚定地
4．shiver vi.& n．颤抖，哆嗦，发抖
5．salute n．致敬，致意；敬礼 v．行礼致敬，致意
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题1.5分，共12分)
1．hang on/hold on 等一下；别挂断电话
2．hang up/ring off 挂断电话
3．ask for 请求，要求；寻找
4．see eye to eye with sb (on sth)(在某事上)与某人看法一致
5．wave sb goodbye 向某人挥手道别
6．think sth through 充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透
7． from one ’ s point of view 从某人的角度、观点出发
8．draw sth out of sth 提取，支取
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分，共20分)
1．He intentionally told us his intention to go to England，which surprised us a lot.(intend)
2．She fell in love with the black and white spotted dress when she spotted it at the shop
yesterday.(spot)
3．We admired her calmness under pressure.She could think the situation through calmly and
rationally.(calm)
4．Although he sometimes behaves strangely，he often reaches out to strangers who are in
trouble.(strange)
5．His friend’s encouraging words were a great encouragement to him，which moved him
very much.(encourage)
6．The amazing news made Jessica open her eyes wide in amazement and look from one face to
another.(amaze)
7．The meaning of my life is to grow as an individual and to contribute to other people in a
meaningful way.(mean)
8．Consequently，she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners，which
was a good consequence.(consequent)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．Watching TV at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and
sleep.
2．The moment the news was confirmed，she burst into tears of happiness.
3．I couldn’t get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then.4．The citizens are called on to use the recycled materials in daily life.
5．The guards must do something to hold back rushing fans on the spot.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共16分)
1．我突然想到我们可能做了一个错误的决定，我们最好向他们道歉。(It hit/hits sb that...)
It hits me that we might have made a wrong decision；we’d better make an apology to them.
2．如果你能找到一种合适的方式与室友相处，你就有可能改善与他们的关系。(be likely to
do...)
If you can find a suitable way to get along with your roommates，you are likely to improve your
relationship with them.
3．并不是所有的学生在新学校都有一个快乐、充实和满意的生活。(not all...部分否定)
Not all students have a happy ， fruitful and satisfying life in their new school.
4．每当我们在解决数学问题方面遇到困难时，老师总是耐心地帮助我们。(have trouble
doing sth)
Whenever we have trouble working out math problems，our teachers help us patiently.
My neighbor made an 1.investigation(investigate) in the neighborhood of the station，
finding that many people in our community still battled 2.with poverty and lived a hard life.So
she posted it on Facebook 3.to call(call) on people to give a helping hand.To her great delight，a
number of people made 4.a quick response to it.Then,5.strangers(stranger) gathered together to
do something meaningful.Since Christmas 6.was(be) just around the corner ， they were
determined to buy some gifts and put them at people’s doors.The next day,7.catching(catch) sight
of the gifts，the people 8.who/that got help were really amazed.After knowing 9.what had
happened，they decided to share their love too，which was a chain of love.Only if everyone
gives a little love can we live more 10.harmoniously(harmonious)．
view n．风景；视野；观点；见解 vt.观看；看待
•in one’s view＝from one’s point of view在某人看来
in view of考虑到；鉴于
have a good view of...清楚地看到；饱览
•view...as...把……看作……
(1)Arriving at our destination on the mountain top through a small path，I finally had a good view
of the castle.
(2)Actually，his classmates viewed him as a regular kid and admired him for his amazing
determination.(3)尽管这个礼物不值钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来，真正重要的是其中所包含的爱。(读
后续写之升华句)
Although the present isn’t worth much，I value it very much.From my point of view/In my
view ， it ’ s the love contained in it that really counts. (强调句型)
(4)考虑到我家的窘境，我最终决定把我挣的钱全部上交，因此我疾步跑回家。
(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)
In view of my family ’ s awkward situation ，I finally determined to hand in all the money I
earned，so I sprinted home.
anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的(anxiously adv.焦虑地 anxiety n．忧虑，担心；渴望)
•be anxious 为……担忧
be anxious to do/that...渴望做……
•with anxiety(＝anxiously adv.)焦急地
(1)The mother was anxious for her little son when knowing that he was frightened by an accident.
(2)He is waiting for the results with anxiety as if he were on pins and needles.(读后续写之心理描
写)
(3)大卫渴望参加越野赛，但是他害怕被别人嘲笑，他是如此不安以至于焦急的泪水顺着脸
颊流了下来。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
①David was anxious to participate in/take part in the cross-country run，but he was afraid of
being laughed at by others.He was so anxious that tears of anxiety rolled down his cheeks.(be
anxious to do；so...that...)
②David was anxious that he should participate in/take part in the cross-country run，but he was
afraid of being laughed at by others.So anxious was he that tears of anxiety rolled down his cheeks.
(be anxious that；倒装句)
spot vt.看见；注意到；发现n.地点；处所；斑点；污迹(spotted adj.有斑点的；弄污的)
•spot sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事
•on the spot当场；立即；在现场
•be spotted with...满是……斑点
(1)Students were cleaning desks in the classroom which were all spotted with ink.
(2)Not only will all kinds of paper-cutting works be on display，but the craftsmen will show
visitors how to cut paper into different shapes on the spot.
(3)当她看见罪犯在向人群开枪时，她吓得瑟瑟发抖，抽泣着，不知道该怎么办。
When she spotted the criminal shooting at the crowd，she was shivering with fear，sobbing and
not knowing what to do.consequence n．后果；结果(consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的 consequently
adv.因此，结果)
as a consequence(＝in consequence＝as a result)结果，因此
as a consequence of(＝in consequence of＝as a result of)由于
(be) of no/little consequence无足轻重；不重要
(1)Consequently(consequence)，conflicts and disagreements between him and his partner led to a
breakdown in their relationship.
(2)由于缺乏政府的支持，这项计划很快就失败了。
①The plan lacked support from the government.As a consequence/In consequence/As a result，it
broke down soon.
②As a consequence of/In consequence of/As a result of the lack of support from the
government，the plan broke down soon.
amaze vt.使惊讶(amazing adj.令人惊异的amazed adj.感到惊讶的 amazingly adv.令人
惊异地 amazement n．吃惊；惊讶)
•It amazes/amazed sb that...使某人吃惊的是……
•be amazed at/by...对……感到惊讶
be amazed that...对……吃惊
•to one’s amazement 令某人惊奇的是
in amazement 惊奇地
(1)She was amazed that all the children were willing to donate something.
(2)To my amazement(amaze)，my teacher called me to his office，telling me that I had taken first
place in the writing contest；that is，I ranked first.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)
(3)两年前对于“中国—爱尔兰”文化节上的各种活动，我真的感到很惊讶。
I was really amazed at/by a wide range of activities on China-Ireland Cultural Festival two years
ago.(2022·浙江1月)
(4)既惊讶又尴尬，她感觉所有的空气都要消失了，全世界的人似乎都在看着她。(读后续写
之心理描写)
Amazed and embarrassed，she feels as if all the air were to disappear and people around the world
were watching her.
call on 访问；要求；正式邀请；呼吁；号召
call up给……打电话；使想起
call off＝cancel取消
call for (公开)要求；需要call in打电话来；召来，叫来；收回
call at someplace拜访(地点)
(1)My best friend called me up to tell me our conference was called off.So I decided to call at her
home.When I called on my best friend，I caught sight of a picture at her home which called up
memories of our class trip.
(2)为了帮助山区里的贫困儿童，我们号召每个人伸出援助之手，尽力为他们做些事情。(应
用文写作之倡议书)
In order to help the poor children in the mountainous areas，we call on everyone to give a helping
hand and try to do something for them.
hold back 阻挡；抵制；克制；控制；退缩；阻止
hold out(食物等)维持；伸出；坚持；给予(希望、机会等)
hold up举起；支撑；承受住；耽搁；抢劫
hold on(打电话时用语)请等一下，不要挂断；坚持住，挺住
hold on to抓住；坚持，不放弃；保存，保管
(1)They didn’t know how long their supplies of food and water would hold out.Anxiety flooded
through them，as they couldn’t hold it back.They thought no one could hold up under such
hardship.
(2)幸运的是，人们准备伸出援手，他们也决定坚持到最后。
Fortunately，people were ready to hold out a helping hand and they also determined to hold on
to the last.
get through (设法)处理；完成；打通(电话)；通过；用完；耗尽；熬过(困难时期)
get down to doing sth 开始着手做某事
get used to (doing) sth 习惯于做某事
get along (well/badly) with和……相处(得好/坏)；进展(得好/坏)
get over克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来
get across(使)被理解；把……讲清楚用
get短语的正确形式填空
Learning that you have difficulty (1)getting used to your new school life，I am writing with
the aim of offering you some tips.Firstly，why not (2)get down to taking part in some interest
groups so that you can find friends with similar interest？In addition，you can turn to the school
adviser who can help (3)get over/get through your hardships.Last but not least ， if you
communicate with your classmates sincerely，you will (4)get your meaning across.In brief，follow the above suggestions，and thus，you can (5)get along well with your classmates as soon
as possible.(应用文写作之建议信)
It hit/hits sb that... Suddenly it hit me that I could spend the weekend in the nearby
holiday camp with my friends.我突然想起我可以去附近度假营和朋友一起过周末。
It hits/hit sb that...某人突然想起……
It occurs/occurred/comes/came to sb that...某人突然想到……
It strikes/struck sb that...某人突然想到……
(1)It occurred to me that I would deliver a speech at the meeting the next day.
(2)我想加入他们，但我突然想到我有更重要的事情要做——第二天的讲座。
I wanted to join them，but it hit/struck/occurred to/came to me that I had something more
important to do—the lecture to be given the next day.
be likely to do sth However，people from places like Spain，Italy or South American
countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.但是，来自像西班牙、
意大利或南美国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且更可能会(用身体)接触对方。
sb/sth be likely to do sth 某人/某物有可能做某事
It is likely that...可能……
It is probable that...可能……
It is possible (for sb) to do sth/It is possible that...(某人)可能做……
(1)In short，it’s possible that you hear the words and pay no attention to the content.
(2)It is likely that you make your friends feel embarrassed if you don’t know Chinese table
manners.
(3)如果你在一个大家庭中长大，你更有可能发展与他人和睦相处的能力。(likely)
If you grow up in a large family，you are more likely to develop the ability/it is more likely that
you develop the ability to get on well with others.
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．scene
(1)When a policeman arrived at the scene，he was still conscious. B
(2)After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks ， we decided to
photograph the scene at sunset.(2023·全国乙) D
(3)The director let the cast have a short break before the next scene. C
(4)We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school，with the book as a focus forrelations between the generations.(2023·新课标Ⅱ) A
2．bond
A.n.纽带；关系 B.n.保释金 C.vt.使牢固结合 D.v.增强信任关系
(1)The new type of glue bonds a variety of surfaces in seconds. C
(2)The following day，the taxi driver was released on $5,000 bond. B
(3)It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of
books.
D
(4)Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through
reflection and discussion...(2021·天津6月) A
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)It’s hard to sympathize with someone who is so mean to others.刻薄的
(2)She inherited a share of the family fortune，which made her very delighted.一份；份额
(3)To be honest，I had little acquaintance with modern poetry.了解，知道
(4)He was soon promoted to the rank of general in the army.军衔
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．She had serious conflicts with her friends，and her eyes were red from weeping.
2．Honestly speaking，I envy you keeping(keep) good interpersonal relationships with others and
I should follow your example.
3．As a consequence of his hard work，he was eventually admitted to Nanjing University.
4．I have a great passion for music，which is the one thing I can hold on to whatever happens.
5．He was in great trouble in the country，but he refused to come(come) back to his motherland.
6．It amazed me that nearly all the neighbours in our community came to help the drowning girl.
7．Chinese people are more likely to enjoy(enjoy) a lifestyle of communication during holidays，
which may add more flavor to their routine life.
8．I spotted a boy playing(play) by the river when I passed by，so I reminded him to keep away
from the river.
9．I’m finally back home now，feeling really tired，but celebrating(celebrate) Naadam with
my friend was totally worth it.
10．Faced with the violent competition，my partners and I had no alternative but to dive into our
studies.
11．Thanks to the school consultant’s advice，we students can live harmoniously(harmonious)
with each other.
12．To raise students’ awareness of environmental protection，our school calls on us students
to use(use) recyclable shopping bags.
13．Where did Lewis intend to park/parking(park) his car when he came back from work?14．This activity being so successful，we hope that more meaningful(meaning) events like this
can be organized in the future.
假设你是高三学生李津。高中毕业在即，你的英国朋友Jenny通过电子邮件和你分享了
她的高中生活感受。现在请你给她回信，内容包括：
1．祝贺Jenny 顺利毕业；
2．分享自己高中三年最大的收获以及最想感谢的人和原因；
3．简单谈谈自己将来的理想。
完成句子
1．祝贺你毕业，我很荣幸能在这里与你分享我的高中生活。(congratulation)
2．首先，尽管由于高考，我经常对自己的未来感到焦虑，但我还是设法在放松和学习之间
保持平衡。(be anxious about)
3．我会和朋友们一起踢足球，他们经常说鼓励的话，这让我耳目一新，充满活力。
(encouragement；非限制性定语从句)
4．在我看来，高中时的朋友永远是我最好的朋友，因为他们帮助我渡过难关，见证我所有
的情感。(from one’s point of view；get through hardships)
5．我渴望被一所知名大学录取，因此，我正努力用知识武装自己。(as a consequence)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear Jenny，I’m so glad to hear from you.Congratulations on your graduation and I feel greatly honored
to share my senior life with you here.More details are as follows.
To begin with，although I am often anxious about my future due to the College Entrance
Examination，I manage to keep a balance between relaxation and study.I would play football with
my friends，who often speak words of encouragement，which refreshes my mind and gives me
much energy.From my point of view，friends in high school are my best friends forever，because
they help me get through hardships and witness all of my emotions.
I’m eager/anxious to be admitted into a well-known university，and as a consequence，I
am working hard to equip myself with knowledge.
Yours，
Li Jin
语料积累 情感细节描写：焦虑与不安
worry v．(使)担心，发愁；烦扰 n．担心，发愁；烦心事→worried adj.担心的；
焦虑的；发愁的 nervous adj.紧张的→nervousness n．紧张 uneasy adj.不安的
单词 →unease n．不安；忧虑 restless adj.不耐烦的；坐立不安的→restlessness n．坐
立不安，心神不定 tremble v．颤抖；抖动 quiver vi.微颤，抖动 n．抖动；强
烈感情 murmur n．咕哝；低声说话 vt.& vi.小声说 vi.连续发出低沉的声音
pace up and down走来走去 murmur in a trembling voice用颤抖的声音喃喃低语
heart beats wildly心疯狂地跳动 with one’s heart in one’s mouth提心吊胆地 a
flood/wave of tension一阵紧张 palms get sweaty手心出汗 throat tightens喉咙发紧
词块 be on pins and needles如坐针毡 be consumed/seized with anxiety焦虑不安
have/with butterflies in one’s stomach/one’s stomach be full of butterflies心里发慌
feel like a cat on hot bricks/an ant on a hot pan感觉像热锅上的蚂蚁 a
surge/wave/flood of anxiety swept over me一阵焦虑席卷了我
1.Jim paced up and down in the room，lost in deep thought.
吉姆在房间里踱来踱去，陷入了沉思之中。
2.Standing in front of the line，Emily felt her throat tight and her palms sweating.
站在队伍的前面，艾米丽感到喉咙紧绷，手心出汗。
3.Full of anxiety，I felt like being on pins and needles.我满心焦虑不安，如坐针
句型
毡。
4.She couldn’t help but feel a surge of anxiety as she awaited the final decision.
她等待着最后的决定时，忍不住感到一阵焦虑。
5.So anxious did I feel that my heart almost jumped out of my throat.
我太着急了，以至于我的心都快跳出来了。
6.Before the final exam，I always have butterflies in my stomach.期末考试前，我总是紧张不安。
7.My heart began to race and my mind went blank.我开始心跳加速，头脑一片空
白。
语料运用 Standing behind the stage，I felt ①as if being on pins and needles(状语从句的省略)．
②Restless and uneasy(形容词短语作状语)，I paced up and down.Later，the instant I heard my
name called，I frowned and ③felt my throat tight and my palms sweating(feel＋宾语＋宾补)．
④So anxious was I that my heart almost jumped out of my throat(部分倒装)．I was about to run
away when my head teacher approached，encouraging me to be calm and confident.Gradually，⑤
the flood of anxiety disappeared(无灵主语)．After my presentation，I spotted all the audience
stand up and applaud for me.I froze.It dawned on me that ⑥there is no point being seized by
anxiety(there’s no point in doing...) and it is our attitude that matters.
站在舞台后面，我感到如坐针毡。既焦躁又不安，我踱来踱去。后来，一听到我的名字，我
就紧皱眉头，觉得喉咙发紧，手心冒汗。我非常焦虑，以至于我的心都要跳出来了。我正要
逃跑时，班主任走过来，鼓励我冷静下来，要有信心。渐渐地，焦虑的洪流消失了。演讲结
束后，我发现所有的听众都站起来为我鼓掌。我惊呆了。我明白了，焦虑不安是毫无意义的，
重要的是我们的态度。
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Most of us take the task of buying a cup of coffee for granted ， as it seems simple
enough.However，we have no idea just how stressful tasks like this can be for people who suffer
from disabilities.That’s why it’s so heart-warming to see a story like this in which a barista (咖
啡师) does something small to make life a little easier for someone who is deaf.
Ibby Piracha lost his hearing when he was only two years old，and he now goes to his local
cafe in Leesburg，Virginia to order a cup of coffee at least three times a week.Though all the
baristas who work there have his order memorized，Ibby always writes his order on his phone and
shows it to the barista.
One day，however，one of the baristas did something that changed everything! After Ibby
ordered his coffee ， he was amazed when barista Krystal Pane handed him a note in
response.“I’ve been learning sign language just so you can have the same experience as
everyone else，” the note read.Krystal then asked Ibby in sign language what he would like to
order.
Ibby was touched that she would learn sign language just to help him feel welcome.“I wasjust so moved that she actually wanted to learn sign language.It is really a totally different language
and it was something that she wanted to do because of me.Because I was a deaf customer.I was
very，very impressed，” Ibby said.
Krystal had spent hours watching teaching videos so that she could learn enough sign
language to give Ibby the best customer service that she could! “My job is to make sure people
have the experience they expect and that’s what I gave him，” Krystal says.
Ibby posted a photo of Krystal’s note online，and it quickly went viral，getting hundreds of
likes and comments that praised Krystal for her kind action.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是Ibby的故事，Ibby是个聋哑人，他在买
咖啡的时候遇到了一位咖啡师Krystal，Krystal告诉他，她正在学习手语，希望能够让Ibby
拥有和其他人同样的购物体验。
1．What can we learn about Ibby Piracha from paragraph 2?
A．He was born deaf.
B．He lives a hard life.
C．He loves to order take-out food.
D．He visits the cafe regularly.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Ibby Piracha lost his hearing...a cup of coffee at least
three times a week.”可知，Ibby Piracha经常去这家咖啡馆。故选D。
2．Why did Krystal learn sign language?
A．To serve Ibby better.
B．To attract more customers.
C．To give Ibby a big surprise.
D．To make herself more popular.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中Krystal递给Ibby的纸条上写的“I’ve been learning
sign language just so you can have the same experience as everyone else”及第五段第一句可知，
Krystal学习手语是为了更好地为Ibby服务，让他能和其他人有同样的体验。故选A。
3．Which of the following can best describe Krystal?
A．Kind and considerate.
B．Honest and responsible.
C．Sociable and humorous.
D．Ambitious and sensitive.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“I’ve been learning sign language just so you canhave the same experience as everyone else”以及第五段可知，Krystal学习手语是为了让Ibby
能和其他人有同样的体验。所以可推测Krystal是个心地善良而又体贴周到的人。故选A。
4．What message does the author want to convey in the text?
A．Two heads are better than one.
B．A small act makes a difference.
C．One good turn deserves another.
D．Actions speak louder than words.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据全文尤其是第一段中“That’s why it’s so heart-warming to see a
story like this in which a barista (咖啡师) does something small to make life a little easier for
someone who is deaf.”可知，作者主要想表达的是一个小举动就能对他人的人生产生影响。
故选B。
B
We are all born social and company to live happy and fruitful life.Healthy and supportive
mutual relationships help reduce stress and promote the physical，mental and emotional well-
being by building skills like time management，assertiveness(坚定自信)，sociability and
empathy.
Making friends has made me feel secure.However，I have to be cautious to pick up friends
sharing similar tastes and values.In addition，having added to one’s circle of friends helps one
feel supported.
It is true that finding time to cultivate relationships is all about effective time management.My
busy uncle finds time to catch up with family and friends during his tea and lunch breaks.Similarly
my friend Somya uses her time on her way back home from work in her chauffeur-driven car to
catch up with people.The modern inventions of SMS and e-mail help send wishes for birthdays and
anniversaries to show your love and care.
Assertiveness is as much applicable to relationships.My friend Mohana emphasizes that
neither being a passive observer nor being aggressive helps relationships.It is assertiveness in our
relationships that opens the lines of effective communication.It emphasizes helping friends in need
and also strengthens mutually supportive relationships.
It is also true that assertiveness by intuition promotes discretion(自行决定权) of friends and
helps Lalitha distinguish positive people from drains of energy.She can easily figure this out by the
flow of the conversation，the way each feels understood，accepted and supported，and by how I
feel，happy，bored or energized in the relationship.It also helps to know whether all benefit from
each other’s positive aspects.
Handling stress in life is all about cultivating mutually supportive relationships and working
on them.Manisha always says she feels great when sharing her feelings after a hard day with people
who share similar ideas.Actually we all need someone who would not just hear us，but listen tous，and we need to cultivate the art of listening and understanding people.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。如何构建相互支持的人际关系？本文就此提供了一些技巧：时
间管理、坚定自信、善于交际和共情。
5．How can a busy person develop their social relationships?
A．By inviting friends for dinner.
B．By making friends with strangers.
C．By working hard for high positions.
D．By getting together in the intervals of business.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“My busy uncle finds time...during his tea and lunch
breaks.Similarly my friend Somya uses her time on her way back home from work in her
chauffeur-driven car...”可知，忙碌的人通过利用间歇时间和朋友团聚，以此来维护社会关系。
故选D。
6．Which of the following helps build mutually supportive social relationships?
A．Being passive. B．Being assertive.
C．Being aggressive. D．Being relaxed.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Healthy and supportive mutual relationships help...by
building skills like...assertiveness(坚定自信)．..”和第四段中“It is assertiveness in our
relationships...strengthens mutually supportive relationships.”可知，自信有助于培养相互支持
的人际关系。故选B。
7．From the passage，who can positively get supportive social relationship?
A．Manisha. B．Mohana.
C．Lalitha. D．Somya.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Handling stress in life is all about cultivating mutually
supportive relationships and working on them.Manisha always says she feels great when sharing
her feelings after a hard day with people who share similar ideas.”可知，Manisha通过与他人分
享自己的心情来消除压力，以此能积极地获得支持性的社会关系。故选A。
8．What is the best title for the passage?
A．How Should We Handle Our Stress in Life?
B．What Is to Be Done for Applicable Relationships?
C．How Can We Pick up Friends Supporting Us?
D．How People Build Mutually Supportive Social Relationships?答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Healthy and supportive mutual relationships help reduce
stress and promote the physical，mental and emotional well-being by building skills like time
management，assertiveness(坚定自信)，sociability and empathy.”可知，本文主要讲述了构建
相互支持的社会关系的一些技巧，包括时间管理、坚定自信、善于交际和共情。故选D。
C
(2024·江苏盐城联盟校调研)
In conversations with strangers，people commonly tend to think they should speak less than
half the conversation time to be likable.But we’ve discovered this idea is wrong.Our data shows
that people tend to think they should speak about 45% of the time to be likable in a one-on-one
conversation with someone new.However，it appears speaking up a bit more is actually a better
strategy.
In our research，we randomly assigned people to speak for 30%,40%,50%,60% of the time in
a conversation with someone new.We found that the more they spoke，the more they were liked by
their new partners.This was only one study with 116 participants，but the outcome is supported by
other researchers’ findings.For example，a previous study randomly assigned one in a pair to
take on the role of “speaker” and the other to take on the role of “listener”．After engaging
in 12-minute interactions，listeners liked speakers more than speakers liked listeners because
listeners felt more similar to speakers than speakers did to listeners.This outcome suggests the
reason people prefer those who speak up：Learning more about a new partner can make you feel
like you have more in common with him or her.
Further，we assigned people to speak for up to 70% and even 90% of the time.The result
shows it is not an ideal strategy.Our research does not suggest people hold down a conversational
partner but rather that they feel comfortable speaking up more than they usually might.
Research like ours can help people gain a more reasonable understanding of social interactions
with new people and become more confident about how to make a good first impression.It has the
obvious benefit of allowing us to carefully control speaking time.However，it does not reflect
more natural conversations.Future research should figure out whether our findings generalize to
more natural interactions.
9．What is the common belief concerning conversations with strangers?
A．Speaking a little less is preferred.
B．Speaking half the time is the best.
C．Listeners are more likable than speakers.
D．Listeners fail to control the conversations.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“In conversations with strangers，people commonly tend tothink they should speak less than half the conversation time to be likable.”可知，关于与陌生人
交谈的普遍看法是“少说一点是更好的”。故选A。
10．How was the research carried out?
A．By analyzing speaking habits.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By listing examples.
D．By collecting data.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In our research，we randomly assigned...they spoke，the
more they were liked by their new partners.”可知，该研究是通过比较不同说话时长对受欢迎
程度的影响来实施的。故选B。
11．What is the disadvantage of the research?
A．The conversation time is limited.
B．Further study is hard to continue.
C．The findings are less widely applicable.
D．Interactions with strangers are missing.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However，it does not reflect...generalize to more natural
interactions.”可知，这项研究的缺点是“这些研究发现的适用性不够广泛”。故选C。
12．In which situation can the research finding be applied?
A．Attending a family gathering.
B．Partying with your friends.
C．Meeting a new teacher.
D．Making a public speech.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一项关于如何与陌生人互动交往的研究，所
以该研究发现可以应用于“与一位新老师初次见面”的情境，其中new是关键词。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
Living with other people can be difficult，especially when each person comes from a different
background and has their own ideas about how they want to live.Though having a roommate can be
challenging at times，it can also be enjoyable and fun. 1
You can discuss your expectations ahead of time.Get together before or on the first day you
move in together and talk about what each of you needs and wants from the other. 2 This
applies to finances，food，clothes，possessions，use of common areas and so on.
You should agree to respect each other’s privacy.This is especially important. 3 For
instance，you may not mind if your roommate comes into your room unannounced，but theymight find you to be very rude for doing so.You should talk about these kinds of things so that you
know what to expect from each other.
4 Say hello and goodbye，ask them how their day was，and show interest in their
life.Getting to know the person you live with helps you understand their perspective，and allows
them to understand yours.It also makes it easier to deal with problems that you have with that
person if you’ve already developed a harmonious relationship with them.
You can also be considerate of your roommate in your life.Understand what’s going on in
your roommate’s life.You should aim to be flexible and accommodating.Your roommate may
have a big test coming up. 5 If your roommate is busy and stressed with their job，give them
some time and space to relax and unwind.
A．You can discuss each of your preferences for privacy.
B．Spending time with your roommate is also important.
C．This is your best chance to set boundaries with your roommate.
D．Make sure that everyone is clear on the rules and responsibilities.
E．This is what you should know to respect your roommate’s privacy.
F．Then in this case you should probably be quiet and let them study.
G．The following steps will help you live in harmony with your roommate.
1．答案 G
解析 上文“Though having a roommate can be challenging at times，it can also be enjoyable
and fun.”提出与室友同住会带来挑战，但也可以愉快和有趣，下文四个段落分别给出与室
友愉快相处的方法，所以G项“The following steps will help you live in harmony with your
roommate.”能承上启下。故选G项。
2．答案 D
解析 上文“You can discuss your expectations ahead of time.Get together before or on the first
day you move in together and talk about what each of you needs and wants from the other.”和下
文“This applies to finances，food，clothes，possessions，use of common areas and so on.”可
知，本段建议要弄清楚彼此的需求和期望，要在财务、食物、衣服、财产、公共区域的使用
等方面达成一致，即要先明确规则和各自的职责，D项“Make sure that everyone is clear on
the rules and responsibilities.”与本段内容一致。故选D项。
3．答案 A
解析 根据下文“For instance，you may not mind...”中的“For instance”可知，下文是对上
文的举例说明，是对 A 项“You can discuss each of your preferences for privacy.”中的
“discuss each of your preferences for privacy”的举例说明。故选A项。
4．答案 B解析 根据下文“Say hello and goodbye，ask them how their day was，and show interest in
their life.”可知，本段建议要关心室友，要与室友建立和谐的关系，所以要花时间和室友在
一起。B项“Spending time with your roommate is also important.”与下文语意连贯。故选B
项。
5．答案 F
解析 上文“Your roommate may have a big test coming up.”设定了室友要考试的情景，F项
“Then in this case you should probably be quiet and let them study.”是作为室友的你应该做的
事情：保持安静，让他们学习。故选F项。
