文档内容
专题 09 构词法
目 录
01 挑战真题·查知识漏洞
02 回顾教材·补知识漏洞
回顾知识体系
回顾核心考点
易混易错归纳
03 知识通关演练
1. 【2023年全国乙卷】But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place
____ which/that ____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century
architectural ____ 6 4____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21
世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文
的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。
2.【2022 新高考全国 I 卷】The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between
separate 62 (population)and homes of giant pandas
考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达
到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和 and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语，
应用可数名词population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。
3.(2021年全国甲卷·70) Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different
gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their__________ (day) routines.
考查词性转换。在名词routines前作定语，用形容词，daily routines表示“日常生活”。
4.(2021年全国乙卷·68) Provide __________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
financial考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词aid，故需用finance的
形容词形式。
5.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷·62)Landing on the moon's far side is ___________ (extreme) challenging.
考查副词。修饰形容词challenging应用副词, 故填extremely。
6.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷·61) Chinese New Year is a _____________ (celebrate) marking the end of
the winter season and the beginning of spring.
考查词性转换。空格前的不定冠词a提示我们此处应用名词形式故填：celebration
7.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷·69) The __________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored
buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
考查词性转换。与long并列修饰名词branches，应用形容词。故填:beautiful
8.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷·66) ___________(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
考查副词。位于句首，修饰整个句子，应用副词作状语。故填：Certainly
回顾知识体系回顾核心考点
考点一 常见构词法（三种）
一.合成法（composition）
由两个或两个以上的单词连在一起合成一个新词，这种构词法叫做合成法，合成的词
叫做合成词（compounds）。合成词的写法由习惯决定，可以写在一起，也可以用连词符
号连接。
1. 合成名词
名词/代词+名词newspaper blood-test she-wolf
动词+名词
typewriter pickpocket daybreak
形容词+名词
greenhouse highway
副词+名词
overcoat outside
名词+v.-ing/ v.-ing+名词
handwriting reading-room freezing-point
动词+副词/ 副词+ 动词
breakthrough get-together outbreak outcome
名词+介词+名词
sister-in-law editor-in-chief
2. 合成形容词
名词+形容词/形容词+名词
world-famous duty-free large-scale long-term
副词+形容词
over-anxious evergreen
名词+过去分词
man-made sun-burnt
名词+现在分词
peace-loving English-speaking
形容词+现在分词
good-looking easy-going
副词+过去分词
well-informed widespread
副词+现在分词
hardworking far-reaching
形容词+名词+ed
warm-hearted absent-minded
数词+名词+ed
three-legged ten-storied
数词+名词
one-way five-star
数词+名词+形容词
ten-year-old 800-meter-long
名词+to+名词
face-to-face door-to-door
3. 合成动词
名词+动词
baby-sit sleepwalk
副词+动词
outnumber underestimate overwork
形容词+动词whitewash
4. 合成副词
形容词＋名词
meanwhile anyway
形容词＋副词
everywhere anyhow
副词＋副词
however
介词＋名词
beforehand overhead
介词＋副词
forever
5. 合成代词
代词宾格＋self/selves
herself themselves
物主代词＋self/selves
myself yourselves
形容词＋名词
anything nothing
6. 合成介词
副词＋名词
inside outside
介词＋副词
without within
副词＋介词
into
二．转化法（Conversation)
在英语中，一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。
1. 动词转化为名词
●Let me have a try.
让我试试。
●They are only allowed to sell soft drinks at school.
在学校里只准许他们出售不含酒精的饮料。
2. 名词转化为动词
●He shouldered his way through the crowd.
他用肩膀推开人群前进。
●The smell from the kitchen made his mouth water.
从厨房传来的气味使他流口水。
3. 形容词转化为动词
●We will try our best to better our living conditions.
我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。
●They tried to perfect the working conditions.
他们努力改善工作条件。
4. 形容词转化为名词●He didn’t know the difference between right and wrong.
他不辨是非。
●The old in our village are living a happy life.
我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。
5. 形容词转化为副词
●How long have you lived there?
你在那儿住多久了？
6. 个别词在一定场合中可转化为名词
●Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.
穿暖和的衣服到山区去是必须的。
●Life is full of ups and downs.
人生有得意时也有失意时。
●His argument contains too many ifs and buts.
他的辩论中含有太多的“如果”和“但是”。
三．派生法Derivation
1.前缀
（1）表示“否定”、“相反”意义的前缀：
non- nonsense 胡言乱语； nonstop直达的；nonviolent非暴力的；
de- decrease减少；decentralize分散；degrade降级，降低……的地位；
dis- dislike不喜欢；disagree不同意；distrust不信任；disappear消失；
il- illegal不合法的；illogical不合逻辑的；illegible不易辨认的；
im- impossible不可能的；immoral不道德的；impractical不现实的；
un- unwilling 不情愿的； unbelievable 难以置信的；unnecessary 不必要的；
mal- maltreat 虐待； malnutrition 营养不良； malfunction失灵
（2）表示时间先后的前缀
ex- ex-husband前夫；ex-president前总统；
fore- foretell语言；foresight先见之明，预见；foresee预见，预知；
mid- midterm其中的；midnight午夜；
post- postwar战后的；postgraduate研究生；postdoctoral博士后的
（3）表示方向位置的前缀
ex- export出口；exclude把……排斥在外；external外部的；in- input输入；indoor室内的；inrush涌入；incoming进来的
（4）表示程度的前缀
extra- extraordinary非凡的，惊人的；extracurricular课程以外的；
out- outnumber比……多；outrun超过，跑得比……快；
sur- surpass超过，优于；surplus剩余的；surrealism超现实主义
（5）表示数量的前缀
bi- bilateral双边的，两边的；bipartisan两党的；bilingual两语的；
mono- momocycle独轮车；monologue独白；mono-drama独角戏，单人剧；
poly- poly-acid多酸的；polyclinic多科联合诊所；polycentric多中心的
（6）表示方式的前缀
anti- antiwar反战的；antifascist反法西斯的；antisocial反社会的；
co- cooperation合作；coexist共存；co-prosperity共同繁荣；
re- reconstruct重建；reform改革；rewrite重写
（7）其他常见前缀
auto- autobiography自传；autograph亲笔；automat自动售货机；
bio- biography传记；biology生物学；biochemistry生物化学；
bio-effect生物效应；biological clock生物钟；bio-chip生物芯片；
eco- ecocide生态灭绝；eco-car生态汽车；eco-efficient生态效率；
macro- macrobiotic长寿的；macro-climate大气候；macroeconomics宏观经济学
micro- microbiology微生物学；microbus小型公共汽车；microfilm缩微胶卷
1.2后缀
（1）构成名词的后缀-er thinker思想家；painkiller止痛药；cooker灶具；printer打印机；dishwasher洗碗机
-or actor演员；semiconductor半导体；monitor监视器；calculator计算机
-ory factory工厂；dormitory集体宿舍；laboratory实验室
-ics economics经济学；physics物理学；acoustics声学
-logy sociology社会学；biology生物学；archaeology考古
-ment argument争论；judgment判断；disappointment失望
-al arrival到达；refusal拒绝；survival幸存
-ance/-ence acceptance接受；assistance 帮助；dependence依靠
-tion/-sion discussion讨论；preparation准备；repetition 重复
-ness greatness 伟大；hardness 硬度；kindness善良
-th warmth温暖；length长度；growth成长
-ure failure失败；pressure压力；mixture 混合物
-ship friendship友谊；leadership领导；relationship关系
……
（2）构成形容词的后缀
-ful faithful忠实的；meaningful有意义的；painful疼痛的；fruitful富有成效的
-less fearless无畏的；useless无用的；helpless 无助的
-able acceptable可以接受的；applicable可适用的
-ive active积极的；decisive决定性的
-ant ignorant无知的；significant有重要意义的；important重要的
-ous famous著名的；continuous连续不断的；delicious 可口的
-ic historic有历史意义的；scientific科学的；electronic 电子的-ly friendly友好的；lively活泼的；lovely 可爱的
-(t)y thirsty口渴的； noisy喧闹的； healthy 健康的
-ary secondary次要的； imaginary想象中的；ordinary 普通的
-en golden金色的； wooden木制的；woolen 毛纺的
（3）构成动词的后缀
-ate motivate激发；originate发源，创造出
-en widen使变宽；strengthen加强
-ize normalize使正常化；modernize使现代化
-(i)fy verify证实；modify修饰；beautify 美化
（4）构成副词的后缀
-ly really真正地；happily幸福地；luckily幸运地
-ward forward向前；backward向后；westward向西
-wise likewise同样地；otherwise否则；clockwise顺时针
考点二 高考常考会考的词形转换
重点！！！！！！！！！
Group 1
1.absent adj.缺席的; 不在的→ absence n.缺席; 不在
2.accept v.接受; 认可→acceptable adj.可接受的→acceptance 同意; 认可
3.access n.通路→accessible adj.可接近的
4.act v.行动; 扮演→active adj.忙碌的; 活跃的→activity 活动; 活跃
5.adjust v.适应; 调整→adjustment n.调整; 调节
6.admire v.钦佩→admirable adj.可钦佩的; 值得赞赏的→ admiration n.钦佩; 赞赏
7.admit v.承认→ admission n.承认
8.advance v.前进; 进展→ advanced adj.先进的; 高级的
9.advertise v.做广告→ advertisement n.广告; 启事
10.agree v. 同意; 赞成→ agreement n.协定; (意见)一致
11.agriculture n.农业; 农学→ agricultural adj.农业的; 农用的
12.amaze v.使惊奇; 使惊愕→ amazement n.惊奇
13.amuse v.逗乐; (使)娱乐→ amusement n.可笑; 娱乐
14.anger n.怒火→ angrily adv.生气地15.announce v.宣布→ announcement Ⅵ.通告; 公告; 宣布
16.apply v. 申请; 应用→ application Ⅵ. 申请书; 应用
17.appreciate v.感激; 欣赏→ appreciation Ⅵ.感激; 欣赏
18.approve v.赞成; 批准→ approval vi.赞成; 批准
19.argue v.争论; 争吵→ argument vi.争辩
20.arrange v.安排; 筹备→ arrangement vi.安排; 筹备
Group 2
1. attract v.吸引; 引起(反应)→ attractive adj.有吸引力的
2.bear v.忍受; 承受→ bearable adj.可忍受的
3.beauty n.美丽→ beautiful adj.美丽的
4.believe v.相信; 认为真实→ belief n.信念; 信心
5.breath n.呼吸的空气→ breathless adj.(使)气喘吁吁的
6.careful adj.小心; 谨慎→ carelessness n.粗心; 疏忽
7.celebrate v.庆祝→ celebration n.庆祝; 庆祝活动
8. centre n. 中心点; 中心→ central adj.最重要的; 主要的
9.change v.改变; 变化→ changeable adj.可能变化的
10.cheer v.欢呼; 喝彩→ cheerful adj.快乐的; 高兴的
11.choose v.选择; 挑选→ choice n.选择; 挑选
12.collect v.收集; 采集→ collection n.收藏品
13.comfortable adj.舒服的→ comfortably adv舒服地→uncomfortable adj.使人不舒服的
14.commit v.犯(罪); 承诺→ commitment n.承诺; 投入
15.communicate v.沟通; 传达→ communication n.交流; 传递
16.compete v.竞争; 对抗→ competitor n.竞争者,对手
17.concentrate v.集中(注意力)→ concentration n.专心; 专注
18.conclude v.得出结论→ conclusion n.结论
19.confident adj. 自信的; 有自信心的→ confidence n.信心; 信任
20.confuse v.使迷惑; (将 … …)混淆→ confusing adj.难以理解的→ confused
adj.迷惑的
Group 3
1.congratulate v.祝贺→ congratulation n.恭喜; 祝贺
2.connect v.(使)连接; 联结→ connection n.联系; 连接
3.consider v.仔细考虑, 细想→ consideration n.仔细考虑; 斟酌 4.construct v.建
筑; 修建→ construction n.建筑; 建造
5.contain v.包含; 容纳→ container n.容器; 集装箱
6.contribute v.捐献; 捐赠→ contribution n.捐款; 捐资; 贡献 7.convenient
adj.方便的; 便利的→ convenience n.方便; 便利8.danger n.危险; 风险→ dangerous adj.危险的→ dangerously adv危
险地
9.decide v.决定; 选定→ decision n.决定; 抉择
10.declare v.宣布; 宣告→ declaration n.宣布; 宣告
11.decorate v.装饰; 装潢→ decoration n.装饰品
12.deep adj.深的; 厚的→ depth n.深(度)→ deepen v加强;
加深(理解)
13.depend v.信赖; 依靠→ dependence n.依赖; 依靠→
14.describe v.描述; 形容→ description n.形容; 说明
15.determine v.决定; 确定→ determination n.决心; 决定
16.develop v.(使)成长; 发展→ development n.发展
17.devote v.致力; 献身→ devotion n.挚爱; 奉献
18.differ v.不同于; 有区别→ difference n.差别; 差异→different adj.不同的
19.disagree v.不同意; 有分歧→ disagreement n.意见不一; 分歧 20.educate v.教育→
education n.教育
Group 4
1.effect n.效应; 影响→ effective adj.有效的
2.employ v.雇用→ employer n.雇主; 老板→ employee n.雇工; 雇员
3.encourage v.鼓励; 激励→ encouragement n.鼓励; 鼓舞
4.enjoy v.欣赏; 喜爱→ enjoyable adj.令人愉快的; 使人快乐的
5.enter v.进来; 进去→ entrance n.大门(口); 入口(处)
6.equip v.装备; 配备→equipment n.装备; 设备
7.explain v.解释; 说明→ explanation n.解释; 说明
8. express v.表达; 表示→ expression n.表达; 表示; 表情
9. .extreme adj.极度的; 极大的→ extremely adv极其; 极端
10.10.fail v.失败→ failure n.失败
11.fortune n. 巨款; 运气→ fortunate adj.幸运的→ fortunately adv 幸运地→
unfortunate adj.不幸的
12.graduate v.毕业→ graduation n.毕业
13.harm n.& v.伤害; 损害→ harmful adj.有害的→ harmless adj.无害的
14.health n.健康→ healthy adj.健康的; 健壮的
15.help n.& v.帮助→ helpful adj.有帮助的→ helpless adj.无助的
16.hope n.& v.希望→ hopeful adj.抱有希望→ hopeless adj.无望的
17.humour n.幽默感→ humorous adj.有幽默感的
18.hunger n.饥饿; 饥荒→ hungry adj.感到饿的; 饥饿的→hungrily adv饥饿地
19.impress v.给 … … 留下深刻的好印象→ impression n.印象→ impressive
adj.令人赞叹的
20.improve v.改善; 改进→ improvement n.改善; 改进
Group 5
1.instruct v.命令; 指示→ instruction n.命令; 操作指南
2.intend v.计划; 打算→ intention n.意图; 目的
3.interview n.& v.面试→ interviewer n.采访者→ interviewee n.参加面试者; 接受采者4. introduce v.(自我)介绍; 引见→ introduction n.(正式的)介绍; 引见
5.invent v.发明; 创造→ invention n.发明; 创造→ inventor n.发明者; 发明家
6.invite v.邀请→ invitation n.邀请; 请柬
7.joy n.高兴; 愉快→ joyful adj.高兴的; 令人愉快的
8.laugh v.笑; 发笑→ laughter n.笑; 笑声
9.lazy adj.懒散的; 懒惰的→ laziness n.懒散; 懒惰
10.limit v. 限制; 限度→ limited adj.有限的
11.major adj.主要的; 重要的→ majority n.大部分; 大多数
12.manage v.负责; 管理→ manager n.经理→ management n.经营; 管理
13.marry v.(和某人)结婚; 嫁; 娶→ marriage n.婚姻
14.memory n.记忆力; 记性→ memorial adj.纪念的; 悼念的
15.mix v.(使)混合; 融合→ mixture n.混合物
16.mountain n.高山; 山岳→ mountainous adj.多山的
17.nation n. 国家; 民族→ national adj. 国家的; 民族的
18.nature n. 自然界; 大自然→ natural adj. 自然的; 天然的→ naturally adv
自然地
19.noise n.噪声→ noisy adj.喧闹的; 嘈杂的→ noisily adv
喧闹地; 嘈杂地
20.occupy v.使用, 占用→ occupation n.工作; 职业; 侵占
Group 6
1.operate v.动手术; 运转; 操作; 经营→ operation n.手术; 运转→operator n.操作人员
2.organize v.组织→ organization n.机构; 组织→ organizer n.组
织者
3.pain n.疼痛; 痛苦→painful adj.令人痛苦的
4.patient adj.有耐心的→ patience n.忍耐力; 耐心
5.peace n.和平→ peaceful adj.平静的; 和平的→ peacefully adv
平静地
6.perform v.表演; 演出→ performance n.表演; 演出→performer n.表演者; 演员
7.permit v.准许; 允许→ permission n.许可; 批准
8.person n.人→ personal adj.个人的; 私人的→ personality n.
个性; 性格
9.please v.使愉快; 使满意→ pleasant adj.令人愉快的→ pleasure n.快乐; 乐事
10.poison n.毒药; 毒物→ poisonous adj.引起中毒的; 有毒的
11.pollute v.污染→ pollution n.污染
12.possess v.拥有; 有→ possession n.拥有; 具有
13.possible adj.可能→ possibility n.可能; 可能性→ impossible adj. 可能的
14.prepare v.使做好准备→ preparation n.准备; 预备
15.press v.按; 压→ pressure n.压力
16.private adj.私有的; 私用的→ privacy n.隐私; 私密→ privately dv私下地
17.promote v.促进; 推动→ promotion n.提升; 提拔
18.proud adj.骄傲的; 自豪的→ proudly dv骄傲地; 自豪地
19.real adj.真的; 真正的→ really dv 事实上; 真正地→reality
n.现实20.realise v.理解, 领会; 实现→ realisation n.实现; 认识
Group 7
1.reason n.理由; 原因→reasonable adj.合乎情理的→unreasonable adj.不合理的; 不公正的
2.relax v.放松; 休息→ relaxation n.放松; 休息
3.rely v.依赖; 依靠→ reliable adj.可信赖的; 可依靠的
4.require v.需要; 依靠→ requirement n.所需的(或所要的)东西
5.satisfy v.使满意; 使满足→ satisfied adj.满意的; 满足的→satisfaction n.满意; 满足
6.science n.科学→ scientist n.科学家→ scientific adj.科学(上) 的→ scientifically
adv科学地
7.secure adj.安心的; 有把握的→security n.安全; 安全工作
8.serve v.(给某人)提供; 端上→ service n.接待, 服务→servant n.仆人; 佣人
9.sharp adj.锋利的; 尖的→ sharply adv尖刻地; 猛烈地→ sharpen v(使)
变得锋利
10.simple adj.简单的; 简朴的→ simply adv简单地→simplify v使简化; 使简易
11.succeed v.成功; 做到→ success n.成功→ successful adj. 成功的→
successfully adv成功地
12.suit v.合(某人)心意→ suitable adj.合适的; 适宜的
13.survive v.生存; 存活→survival n.生存; 存活→ survivor n.幸存者
14.tend v.倾向; 照顾→ tendency n.倾向; 趋势
15.tradition n.传统→ traditional adj.传统的→ traditionally adv传 统上
16.translate v.翻译→ translation n.翻译; 译文→ translator n.翻
译家; 译员
16.value n.(商品)价值→valuable adj.很有用的; 宝贵的
17.violent adj.暴力的; 强暴的→ violence n.暴力; 暴行
18. warm adj.温暖的; 暖和的→ warmth n.温暖; 暖和
20.wealth n.财富→ wealthy adj.富有的; 富裕的
二、高考易错的不规则动词
Group 1
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 动词-ing形式
1.become became become becoming
2.catch caught caught catching
3.teach taught taught teaching
4.come came come coming
5.run ran run running
6.overcome overcame overcome overcoming
7.bring brought brought bringing
8.buy bought bought buying
9.fight fought fought fighting
10.think thought thought thinking
Group 2
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 动词-ing形式
1.seek sought sought seeking
2.feel felt felt feeling3.keep kept kept keeping
4.leave left left leaving
5.sleep slept slept sleeping
6.sweep swept swept sweeping
7.weep wept wept weeping
8.begin began begun beginning
9.drink drank drunk drinking
10.sing sang sung singing
Group 3
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 动词-ing形式
1.sink sank sunk sinking
2.swim swam swum swimming
3.ring rang rung ringing
4.broadcast broadcast broadcast broadcasting
5.cost cost cost costing
6.cut cut cut cutting
7.hurt hurt hurt hurting
8.hit hit hit hitting
9.let let let letting
10.put put put putting
Group 4
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 动词-ing形式
1.rid rid rid ridding
2.set set set setting
3.spread spread spread spreading
4.spring sprang/sprung sprung springing
5.shut shut shut shutting
6.burn burned/burnt burned/burnt burning
7.deal dealt dealt dealing
8.dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt dreaming
9.hang hanged/hung hanged/hung hanging
10.learn learned/learnt learned/learnt learning
Group 5
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 动词-ing形式
1.light lighted/lit lighted/lit lighting
2.mean meant meant meaning
3.shine shined/shone shined/shone shining
4.show showed showed/shown showing
5.smell smelled/smelt smelled/smelt smelling
6.speed speeded/sped speeded/sped speeding
7.send sent sent sending
8.spend spent spent spending
9.build built built building10.bend bent bent bending
Part A
单词拼写/单词释义：
1.definitely adv.确切地，肯定地→ n.定义，释义
2.definitely adv.确切地，肯定地→ adj.明确的
3.responsible adj.负责的；有责任心的→ n.责任；义务
4.applicant n.申请人→ n.申请（表）；用途；运用；应用（程序）
5.elect vt.选举；推选→ n.选举
6. vt.治愈；治好（疾病）；解决（问题）n.药物；治疗；（解决问题、改善糟糕情
况的）措施
7.capable adj.有能力的；有才能的→ n.能力
8. n.&vt.概述；概要
9.illustrate vt.（举例）说明；阐明；给（书或文章）加插图→ n.图解；说明
10.scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓→ adj.令人害怕的
11.tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于→ n.趋势；倾向
12.单词拼写/单词释义
_________ adj.视觉的，视力的
13.单词拼写/单词释义
_________ vi.犹豫；踌躇
14.单词拼写/单词释义
_________ n.奋斗；vi.奋斗，拼搏
15.单词拼写/单词释义
_________ n.喜剧片；喜剧节目
16.单词拼写/单词释义_________ vi.继续；进行
17.单词拼写/单词释义_________ adj.惊人的；显著的
18. n.棉织物；棉，棉花
19. vt.指定，指派；分配；确定
20. n.机械师，技工
21. n.提议，动议；运动；动作
22. n.壮丽，雄伟
23. n.自然保护区；储备 vt.预订；预留；保留
24. n.决心，决定；决议；解决
25. vt.&vi.提交，呈递；屈服
26. adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的
27. vt.暂停；悬，挂
28. n.费；报酬
29. vt.&vi.投票，表决；n.选票；投票
30. n.条件，状况；境况，（尤指）经济状况
31. adj.简陋的，落后的；原始的，远古的
32.astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊→ n.令人惊讶的事物
33. 被承认是…… ；被公认为……
34.proof n.证据，证明→ v.证明；展现
35.depart vi.&vt.离开，起程→ n.离开；启程；出发
36. n.（加拿大）地区；领土，领地；领域
37. adj.脆弱的；易碎的
38. n.少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人
39.achievement n.成就；成绩；达到→ v.实现
40.poet n.诗人→ n.诗集
41. ……的混合物
42.legal adj.法律的；合法的→ adv.合法地
43.appetite
44.ahead
45.prohibition
46.teapot
47. 回答；答复
48. 作为对……的报酬 /奖赏49.重点词汇派生(根据首字母和词性写出每空单词的正确形式) w (1) adj.明智的；英
明的→ (2) n.知识，学问；智慧
(1)
(2)
50.重点词汇派生 e (1) n.结果；影响→ (2) adj.有效的
51. adj.充满压力的，紧张的
52. adj.以前的，先前的
53. vt.以……为特色，是……的特征
54.apply vi.申请；请求→ n.申请人
55. ___________n.魅力;迷人的特征
56.
n.气氛;氛围;(地球的)大气(层)
57._____________adj.蒙古人的;蒙古的;蒙古语的n.蒙古语;蒙古人
58. ________________ adj.烤的;焙的v.＆.烘烤;焙
59. _____________________n一系列;范围、界限 vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
60. ____________________n.狂欢节;嘉年华
61.重点词汇派生e (1) n.精力→ (2) adj.精力充沛的→ (3) adv.精力充沛地
62.重点词汇派生 d (1) v.依靠→ (2) n.独立
63.refresh vt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新→ adj.清爽的，恢复精神的
64.examine vt.（仔细）检查；审查；测验→ n.检查
65. adj.幼儿教育的 n.托儿所；保育室
66.ignore vt.忽视；置之不理→ n.无知
67.composition n.成分；（音乐、艺术、诗歌的）作品→ v.构成；作曲
68.adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应；使适合→ n.适应
69.aware adj.知道；发觉；有……意识的→ n.意识
70.investigate vi.＆vt.调查；研究→ n.调查
71.remove vt.去除；移开；脱去→ n.清除
72.originally adv.起初，原来；独创地→ n.起源；起因；出身
73. 遗产保护
74.submit vt.&vi.提交，呈递；屈服→ adj.顺从的
75.ecology n.生态，生态学→ adj.生态的；生态学的76.equipment n.设备；装备→ v.装备
77. adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的
78. n.结婚；婚姻
79.hunter n.猎人→ v.打猎
80. n.商品；货物
81.origin n.起源；起因；出身→ adj.原始 n.（艺术作品或文件的）原件，原稿
82.joyful adj.高兴的；快乐的→ n.快乐
83.horrible adj.令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的→ adv.可怕地
84.wrestle vi.&vt摔跤；奋力对付→ n.摔跤
85.agriculture n.农业；农艺→ adj.农业的
86.memory n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆→ adj.令人难忘的
87.exist vi.存在；实际上有→ n.存在
88.reflect vi.&vt.仔细思考；表达（意见）；反映→ n.反射；思考
89.operation n.手术；企业；经营→ v.操作；做手术
90.harm n.&vt.伤害；损害→ adj.有害的
91.flexible adj.灵活的；可变通的→ n.灵活性
92.accident n.事故；车祸；失事→ adj.意外的，偶然的
93. 正是，当然
94. 有时；偶尔；间或
95. n.新闻媒体，大众传播媒介（总称）
96. 对付，应付，处理
97.professional adj.专业的；职业的→ n.教授
98.competence n.能力，胜任→ adj.有能力的；称职的
99. n.专家，专科医生；adj.专业的
100. vt.维护，保护，保存；维持
1.【答案】definition
2.【答案】definite
3.【答案】responsibility
4.【答案】application
5.【答案】election
6.【答案】cure7.【答案】capability
8.【答案】outline
9.【答案】illustration
10.【答案】scaring
11.【答案】tendency
12.【答案】visual
13.【答案】hesitate
14.【答案】struggle
15.【答案】comedy
16.【答案】proceed
17.【答案】striking
18.【答案】cotton
19.【答案】assign
20.【答案】mechanic
21.【答案】motion
22.【答案】splendour|splendor
23.【答案】reserve
24.【答案】resolution
25.【答案】submit
26.【答案】urgent
27.【答案】suspend
28.【答案】fee
29.【答案】vote
30.【答案】circumstance
31.【答案】primitive
32.【答案】astonishment
33.【答案】be acknowledged as ...|be acknowledged as sth
34.【答案】prove
35.【答案】departure
36.【答案】territory37.【答案】fragile
38.【答案】minority
39.【答案】achieve
40.【答案】poetry
41.【答案】a mix of ...
42.【答案】legally
43.【答案】食欲；胃口；强烈欲望
44.【答案】向前；在前面；提前
45.【答案】禁止
46.【答案】茶壶
47.【答案】in response to
48.【答案】as a reward for ...
49.【答案】【小题1】wise【小题2】wisdom
50.【答案】【小题1】effect【小题2】effective
51.【答案】stressful
52.【答案】previous
53.【答案】feature
54.【答案】applicant
55.【答案】charm
56.【答案】atmosphere
57.【答案】Mongolian
58.【答案】roast
59.【答案】range
60.【答案】carnival
61.【答案】【小题1】energy【小题2】energetic【小题3】energetically
62.【答案】【小题1】depend【小题2】independence
63.【答案】refreshed
64.【答案】examination
65.【答案】nursery
66.【答案】ignorance67.【答案】compose
68.【答案】adaptation
69.【答案】awareness
70.【答案】investigation
71.【答案】removal
72.【答案】origin
73.【答案】heritage preservation
74.【答案】submissive
75.【答案】ecological
76.【答案】equip
77.【答案】energetic
78.【答案】marriage
79.【答案】hunt
80.【答案】goods
81.【答案】original
82.【答案】joy
83.【答案】horribly
84.【答案】wrestling
85.【答案】agricultural
86.【答案】memorable
87.【答案】existence
88.【答案】reflection
89.【答案】operate
90.【答案】harmful
91.【答案】flexibility
92.【答案】accidental
93.【答案】absolutely
94.【答案】from time to time
95.【答案】media
96.【答案】deal with
97.【答案】professor98.【答案】competent
99.【答案】specialist
100.【答案】preserve
Part B
单句语法填空
1.The harvest festival takes place after all the crops have been ________(gather) in.
2.I (absolute) believe in miracles, and believe that they are all around us, every day.
3.He traveled around the country, ________ (gather) facts about folk songs.
4.The details of the scene _________(reveal) in front of me: the soft sunlight , a bird singing
from a high tree branch, the rich and earthy smell of the soil after the rain.
5.Alice got_______ (annoy) with his younger brother Tom, because he always talked to her
while she was reading. 6.Illegal hunting is threatening the________(survive)of the wildlife. As a
result, effective measures must be taken. 7.Now it's done. Regrets are of no benefit. It's no use
crying for _______(split) milk.
8.The masterpieces from France _______ (exhibition) in China next month.
9.I've just been so busy studying and trying (吸收) all the new things around me.
10.Gun control is a subject ______ which Americans have argued for a long time.
11. ______is often the case, the voters are possibly taken advantage of by the organizers for
commercial.
12.After graduation from college, he began to wander from city to city, ______(hunt) for a
suitable job.
13.Why not give a little love to dogs and other ______ (creature)?
14.Because of Wang’s linguistic competence, people who carefully read Wang’s poems can
discover certain ________(simple) and reality.
15.________(write) Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is
connected with its past.
16.
He was cheated into believing that he was an __________(adopt) son.17.The movements ________（add）to the ballet will make it more appealing to the audience.
18.I couldn’t even recognize him because he had his hair ________(cut).
19.With all the work _______ (do), he was allowed to dress up to go to the samba.
20.Looking at his serious face__________(reflect) in the mirror, he felt there was no hope for
finding a better solution to the problem.
21.It is a small store _____________(feature) various goods of great quality.
22.Mozart was as famous a _________ (compose) as Beethoven, both of whom made great
achievements in the field of music.
23.Unfortunately, in 1995 disaster________________(strike) Reeve.
24.The Rough Guide to Britain is a ______ (comprehend) guide to the region.
25.What makes me (concern) is my final exam which will be held two weeks later, so I have
to make a preparation for it.
26.With spring around the corner, snow is beginning (融化).
27. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the extent __________ which they
can be controlled on purpose.
28.I was close to __________ (kill) the other day. A car passed me at what I thought was a
dangerous speed.
29.No matter how (frequent) they are performed, the works of Beethoven still attract
people all over the world.
30.I had to ask myself, “ Is there some evil ________(involve) in science? （所给词的适当
形式填空）
31.It happened to ________ (rain) when I got off the bus yesterday afternoon.
32.The UN is trying to bring ______ (suffer) and hunger to an end in the world.
33.Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life ____(affect).
34.He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a strong _________ (react).
35.On the train, a _________ (conduct) is a person whose job is to travel on the train in order to
help passengers and check tickets.
36.We will never know whether we are interested or _________ (talent) in a subject if we donˈt
try it.
37.In front of the whole audience, he made his promise ________ the government would try its
best to solve the problem of poverty in this country.38.We traveled together as far as Chicago, ________we said goodbye to each other.
39. One day, the potter forgot to take the rope, with__________ he tied the donkey every day.
40.Many frightened people rushed out of the _________ (burn) building.
41.He drove the car so fast,______ (roar) down the highway.
42.They are occasions ____ allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a
little while.
43.He made a great ________ (contribute) to the development of the new medicine.
44.The manager was satisfied to see many new products ________ (develop) after tireless
efforts.
45.At the routine office meeting, the headmaster insisted that the problems________(refer) to be
paid special attention to.
46.She was forced to have her baby _____ (adopt).
47.After having some photos _________ (take) together, we returned to school on foot.
48.You can have food _________(deliver) to you using delivery apps and sites.
49.With the camera still________(hold) to my eye, I turned… and froze.
50.You’d better not get yourself_________ (expose) to the sun so long. It may result in skin
diseases.
1.【答案】gathered
2.【答案】absolutely
【解析】答案：absolutely．
本句考查副词用来修饰动词believe in，在句中作状语，故答案为absolutely．
我绝对相信奇迹；而且相信奇迹每天就在我们的周围．
翻译填空题考查的是词汇的记忆和运用能力，平时要注意积累和运用．
3.【答案】gathering
4.【答案】were revealed
【解析】句意：现场的细节展现在我面前：柔和的阳光，高高的树枝上鸟儿的歌声，雨后
土地的浓郁泥土味。分析句子可知，本空是句子谓语部分，动词reveal“展现”，主语
“The details of the scene现场的细节”是被展现的，应用被动语态，此句陈述过去应用一
般过去时态被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用were，故填were revealed。
5.【答案】annoyed
【解析】考查形容词。句意：爱丽丝对他的弟弟汤姆很生气，因为他总是在她看书的时候和她说话。作表语，且主语为人，应用形容词annoyed。故填annoyed。
6.【答案】survival
【解析】考查名词。句意：非法狩猎正威胁着野生动物的生存。因此，必须采取有效措施。
作动词的宾语，应用名词survival，不可数。故填survival。
7.【答案】spilt/spilled
【解析】句意：现在已经完成了，再后悔也无益。事已至此，徒悲无益。根据句子结构，
此处应用过去分词作定语，故填spilt/spilled。
8.【答案】will be exhibited
【解析】句意：来自法国的杰作将于下个月在中国展出。分析句子结构可知，此处作谓语，
根据时间状语next month可知，应用一般将来时，且结合句意可知，此处表示“被展出”，
The masterpieces和动词exhibit“展出”之间是被动关系，故此处应用一般将来时的被动语
态，结构为will be done，exhibit的过去分词形式是exhibited。
9.【答案】to absorb
10.【答案】about/over
11.【答案】As
12.【答案】hunting
【解析】句意：大学毕业后，他开始从一个城市流浪到另一个城市，寻找合适的工作。分
析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词是began，此处应填非谓语动词。主语he与hunt之间是逻
辑上的主动关系，要用v-ing形式作状语。故填hunting。
13.【答案】creatures
【解析】句意：为什么不给狗和其他的生物一点爱呢？creature，生物，可数名词；other，
其他的，后跟名词复数。故填creatures。
14.【答案】simplicity
【解析】句意：因为王的语言能力，仔细阅读王的诗歌的人可以发现某种简洁和现实。根
据句意及句子结构可知，此空应填入一个名词作宾语，表示“简洁”，结合所给的单词
simple简单的，名词形式simplicity；根据此句的certain以及and后面的reality，可知，此
句的宾语也要用对应的名词形式，保持并列成分一致，故填simplicity。
15.【答案】Written
16.【答案】adopted
17.【答案】added18.【答案】cut
19.【答案】done
20.【答案】reflected
21.【答案】featuring
22.【答案】composer
23.【答案】struck
【解析】句意：不幸的是，1995年，灾难袭击了Reeve。分析句意可知，根据句中的时间
状语是1995，所以动词用过去时态，故填struck。
24.【答案】comprehensive
【解析】句意：《英国概要指南》是该地区的综合指南。分析句子结构可知，设空处需用
形容词作定语，修饰 guide。comprehensive，形容词，意为“综合的”，符合题意。故填
comprehensive。
25.【答案】concerned
【解析】句意：让我担心的是我的期末考试将在两周后举行，所以我必须为它做准备。
make sb.+形容词，固定短语，设空处需用形容词作宾语补足语；修饰me（人）需用-ed形
式的形容词。故填concerned。
26.【答案】to melt
27.【答案】to
【解析】句意：人类的面部表情与动物的不同之处在于在某种程度上它们可以被有意地控
制。分析句子结构可知，设空处所在句为定语从句，修饰先行词extent；根据句子结构可
知，此处应填介词。分析句子可知，此处考查与先行词的固定搭配to the extent“达到……
程度”,故填to。
28.【答案】being killed
【解析】句意：前几天我差点被杀了。一辆车以我认为危险的速度从我身边驶过。此处作
介词to的宾语，kill和主语I是被动关系，用kill的动名词的被动式being killed。
29.【答案】frequently
30.【答案】 involved
【解析】 句意：我不得不问自己，“科学中是否存在邪恶?”be involved in涉及到；
与……有关联，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填 involved。
31.【答案】be raining
【解析】 句意：昨天下午我下车的时候碰巧在下雨。happen后跟动词不定式作宾语，根据后文when I got off the bus可知，此处表示与谓语动词的动作同时发生，要用不定式的进行
时。故填be raining。
32.【答案】suffering
【解析】句意：联合国正在努力结束世界上的苦难和饥饿。空格处作动词bring的宾语，和
名词hunger并列，所以空格处要填名词。suffering不可数名词，苦难。故填suffering。
33.【答案】is affected
【解析】句意：无论人类的光线洒向自然界的哪个角落，一些生命方面都会被影响。此处
是谓语动词，与主语some aspect是被动关系，本句描述过客观情况，所以用一般现在时的
被动语态。主语some aspect是单数，be动词要用is。故填is affected。
34.【答案】reaction
35.【答案】conductor
36.【答案】talented
37.【答案】that
38.【答案】where
39.【答案】which
40.【答案】burning
41.【答案】roaring
【解析】句意：他把车开得那么快，在高速公路上呼啸而过。本句谓语动词是drove，设空
处应用非谓语动词作状语，动词roar指车辆或驾驶者呼啸而行；开得飞快，与主语he之间
为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填roaring。
42.【答案】that/which
43.【答案】contribution
【解析】句意：他对这种新药的研制做出了很大的贡献。分析句子结构可知，空格处填名
词作made的宾语，且根据空格前的a可知，此处填名词单数。根据句意和首字母可知，名
词contribution，意为“贡献”，符合语境。make a contribution to是固定搭配，意为
“对……作出贡献”。故填contribution。
44.【答案】developed
45.【答案】referred
46.【答案】adopted
47.【答案】taken
48.【答案】delivered【解析】句意：您可以使用送餐应用程序和网站将食物送到您手中。分析句子结构可知，
固定搭配have sth. done使得......被......，此处用过去分词作补语表被动，根据提示词deliver
可知，故填 delivered。
49.【答案】held
50.【答案】exposed
