文档内容
词汇的选择与锤炼
1.替换常用简单词(短语)
(1)名词(短语)变换
机会 chance→opportunity
选择 choice→alternative
课程 course→curriculum
影响 effect→influence/impact
后果 result→consequence
缺点 shortcoming→drawback
方法 way→approach
职业 job→career/profession
建议 advice→guidance
问题 problem→issue
老人 old people→the elderly/the aged/senior citizens
young people
青少年
→youngsters/youths/adolescents
几天前 a few days ago→the other day
(2)动词(短语)变换
看见 see→catch sight of
遇见 meet→come across
喜欢 like→have a passion for/be fond of/have an affection for
引起 cause→lead to/result in/give rise to
拥有 have→possess
提高 develop/improve→promote
替代 replace→substitute
注意到 notice→spot
完成 finish→accomplish
面对 face→be faced with/be confronted with
容忍 bear→tolerate/put up with
处理 deal with→cope with
使某人 make sb.realize→raise sb.’s
意识到 awareness of
决定 decide→determine/make up one’s mind
考虑 consider→take into consideration/account
应该 should→be supposed to理解 understand→make sense of/figure out
使用 use→employ/make use of/take advantage of
道歉 apologize→make an apology
记住 remember→keep in mind
发生 happen→occur/come about
想起 think of→occur to/come up with
感谢 thank→appreciate
帮助某人 help sb.→do sb.a favor
节省 save→set aside
参观 visit→pay a visit to
分发 hand out→distribute
站起来 stand up→rise to one’s feet
由……组
be made up of→consist of/be composed of
成
习惯于 be used to→be accustomed to
一定 be sure to do→be bound to do
反对 be against→object to
厌烦 be bored with→be fed up with
忙于 be busy with→be occupied with/be engaged in
闻名 be famous for→have a reputation for
感到舒服 feel comfortable→feel at ease
美化校园 make the school beautiful→beautify the school
想做某事 want to do sth.→intend/desire to do sth.
照看 look after→attend to
尽力做
try one’s best to do sth.→spare no effort to do sth.
某事
向某人
ask sb.for help→turn to sb.for help
寻求帮助
(3)形容词变换
令人惊
surprising→amazing/astonishing/shocking
奇的
贫穷的 poor→needy/poverty-stricken
优秀的 excellent→outstanding
明显的 obvious→apparent/evident
常见的 common→universal
充足的 enough→adequate勤奋的 hard-working→diligent
可用的 useable→available
困难的 difficult→challenging
坚强的 strong→tough
重要的 important→significant/vital
不可能的 impossible→out of the question
有趣的;
有吸引 interesting→absorbing/striking/appealing
力的
小心谨
careful→cautious
慎的
幸运的 lucky→fortunate
巨大的 large→enormous
合适的 proper→appropriate
丰富的 rich→abundant
古老的 old→ancient
唯一的 only→unique
全部的 whole→entire
富裕的 rich→wealthy
许多的 many→a large quantity/number of
有空的 free→available
有益处的 useful→be of benefit
高兴的 glad→delighted
激动的 excited→thrilled
坏的 bad→disgusting/awful
著名的 famous→distinguished/well-known
(4)其他词(组)变换
突然 suddenly→all of a sudden
立即 immediately→in a flash
有时 sometimes→occasionally/once in a while/from time to time
另外;
besides→in addition/what’s more/moreover
况且
因此 so→therefore
第一;
first→to begin with/start with/first of all
首先
第二; second→in addition/what’s more其次
最终 finally→eventually/ultimately
关于 about→concerning
也 too→as well
否则 or→otherwise
事实上 in fact→as a matter of fact
故意地 on purpose→by design/deliberately
总之 in a word→to sum up/in conclusion/in summary
因为 because of→on account of/due to/owing to/thanks to
【典型例句】
①On the one hand, too much praise might lead to children’s lack of enthusiasm to explore
new things(缺乏探索新事物的热情 ), for they are afraid they won’t meet parents’
expectations(满足父母的期望).
②Considering the enormous benefits(考虑到巨大的益处), which we can earn steadily from
tennis practice, including preventing us from getting short-sighted (防止我们近视)and
helping us keep physically healthy, we are lost in the training course.
【拓展训练】
①The special day allows people to ___________________________________(对……表达爱和
情感) their fathers.
②___________________________________( 是 明 智 的 )for people to use their cellphones
___________________________________(更恰当地).
③___________________________________(没有充分的准备), you can hardly expect to answer
all the questions correctly and obtain satisfactory marks, let alone be admitted into
___________________________________(梦想的大学).
④Tracy said she had already ___________________________________(通知苏珊) the change
of the appointment.
⑤People generally thought it impossible for the Chinese team to win the championship in the Rio
Olympic Games, but they ___________________________________(克服许多障碍) and
___________________________________(最终创造了奇迹).
⑥Drama Night ___________________________________ (预定)be held on the evening of
next Friday in the theatre hall.
⑦___________________________________(此外), having been awarded scholarship twice inour school, I have ___________________________________(极好的学术成就).
⑧This phenomenon has ___________________________________ (成为焦点)we must face
today because of ___________________________________ ( 许 多 严 重 后 果 )caused by
improper use of cellphones.
2.变化所用词的词性
在作文中, 可以通过改变一个词的词性, 使文章富有变化, 让阅卷者感受到考生对词汇
各种用法的掌握水平和灵活运用的程度。常见的变化词性的策略有名词变动词、动词变名
词、形容词变名词等。
(1)名词变动词
People are concerned about the gradual disappearance of the traditional values.
→People are concerned because the traditional values are gradually disappearing.
传统价值观正在渐渐地消亡, 这让人们很担忧。
(2)动词变名词
After watching his performance, I found he could really dance very well.
→After watching his performance, I found him a really good dancer.
看了他的表演之后, 我发现他跳舞跳得很棒。
(3)形容词变名词
I wrote a letter to Tom to thank him for his being so kind.
→I wrote a letter to Tom to thank him for his kindness.
我写信给汤姆对他的善良表示感谢。
3.善用短语
汉语 高级短语
努力 struggle for=strive for=spare no effort for
从事 embark on=set about=go in for
在当代 in contemporary society=in present-day society=in this day and age
大量的 a host of=a great number of=a large amount of
更糟糕
what’s worse=worse still=to make matters worse
的是
遇见;
run into=come across=meet with
偶遇
在我
in my opinion=as far as I’m concerned=from my point of view
看来
除了…… in addition to=apart from=as well as=along with之外
(还有)
一方面,
on the one hand, on the other hand=for one thing, for another
另一方面
高度评价 think highly of=sing high praise for=think well of
把……
take...into consideration=take...into account
考虑在内
汉语 高级短语
有资格的;
有能力的; be fit for=be equal to=be qualified for=be competent in
胜任的
参加 take part in/participate in
一些如何
some advice/tips/suggestions on how to...
……的建议
对……
feel nervous/anxious about
感到紧张
克服紧张; ease/overcome/get over
缓解焦虑 nervousness/relieve anxiety
树立信心;
对自己 build up confidence/have confidence in oneself/be confident about oneself
有信心
对…… be of benefit
有益的 =be beneficial to
对……有害的;
do harm to/do damage to
对……有
=be harmful to
损害的
接触到; gain/have access to
有机会使用 =be accessible to
对某人 be convenient/inconvenient for sb.=bring convenience/
(不)方便的 inconvenience to sb.
对……有
have an effect/influence/impact on.../make a difference to...
影响/作用
【典型例句】
①For example, paper-cutting and Chinese knots are all feasible methods of introducing our
culture, which are also more convenient to organize(更方便组织).
②The reasons why I am qualified for the job(我能胜任这份工作的原因) are as follows.【拓展训练】
①___________________________________(我认为), it’s true that cellphones bring us lots of
benefits and convenience, but only when they’re used more
___________________________________(恰当地) can they serve us better.
②All my teachers and classmates ___________________________________(高度赞扬我的熟
练) in both Chinese and English.
③___________________________________(考虑到你的全部要求), I firmly believe I’m the
right person you’re looking for.
④As for accommodation, I prefer to live with a local family because I want to improve my
English and ___________________________________(近距离体验真实的美国文化).
⑤You are optimistic about life and always have confidence, whatever difficulty you may
___________________________________( 遇 见 ), which helps you stand out among the
classmates.
⑥___________________________________(随着人们生活水平的提高), cellphones are
flooding into our life.
⑦We are sorry for any ___________________________________( 我 们 给 你 带 来 的 不
便).Thanks for your understanding.
⑧Nowadays, the smart phones have found their way to every family and are playing a very
important role in our life.They are beneficial to us in many ways.However, they also
___________________________________(有害于我们的身心健康).
⑨In addition, seldom do I have time to keep my parents company, so I decide to help my parents
with some housework ___________________________________(缓解他们的压力), which I
think is of benefit to ___________________________________(加强关系) between my family
members.
【语篇填空】
根据所给信息补全短文, 并注意高级词汇的使用。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________(我非常高兴) to hear from you.You asked me in
your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may
___________________________________(给你一个概述).
To begin with,___________________________________(一座很大的新体育馆已落成),which ___________________________________(已成为新的地标) in our school.Moreover,
with the stadium set up, ___________________________________(各种体育项目) are able to
be held, of which ping-pong, football ___________________________________(以及) running
competitions ___________________________________(很受欢迎).As for me,
___________________________________(我热爱篮球) since it has been giving me strength
___________________________________(去迎接生活中的挑战).
All in all, I ___________________________________(诚挚地邀请) you to come to our
school and see for yourself.
Yours,
Li Hua
【综合演练】
1．假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom在给你的邮件中说他对中国历史人物很感兴趣，请
你介绍一位你喜欢并且崇拜的历史人物。请给Tom回信，内容要点包括：
1.介绍人物；
2.简述贡献；
3.对你的影响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
2．假定你是李华，你校英语话剧社拟举办英语话剧展演活动，请你写一篇开幕辞，内容包
括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 活动介绍。注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear teachers and fellow students,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3．假定你是某国际学校学生会主席，你校将于下周举行一场英文讲座。请你写一则英文通
知，内容包括：
1. 讲座主题：The World Wildlife Day；
2. 时间、地点及讲座内容。
注意：1. 词数为 80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Notice
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_
The Student Council
March, 1
4．假设你是李华，请你写一篇短文向校英语社团“Learning English”的微信公众号投稿，
向同学们推荐一款兼顾趣味与英语学习的app。内容包括：
1. 介绍这款 app；
2. 分享使用体验。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5．假定你是李华，给你班交换生Frank发邮件，想邀请Frank一起晨跑。请你根据以下要
点提示，给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 表明来意；
2. 晨跑的重要性；
3. 注意事项。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
Dear Frank,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
6．假定你是李华，你在英语阅读过程中时常对一些习语感到困惑。请给外教Mr. Smith 写
封邮件，内容包括：
1.你的困惑；
2.寻求帮助。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
