文档内容
第讲 10 情态动词
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】情态动词基本用法的考查
【题型二】情态动词+have done的考查
【题型三】虚拟语气的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
题型一 情态动词基本用法的考查
1.（2024·江苏省常州市联盟校调研） Altman said the technology could (use) for disinformation,
emotional manipulation, or even “target drone strikes.”
【答案】be used
【解析】考查情态动词及语态。句意：Altman说，这项技术可以用于虚假信息、情绪操纵，甚至是“无人
机打击目标”。这里为本句谓语动词，出现在情态动词之后，用动词原形；主语为“the technology”，和
动词“use”之间为被动关系。故填be used。
2.（2024·河北省月考）The fact can (confirm) by a quick search on the Internet. This bowl of hot spicy
delight seems simple but has contributed to noodle chains across Beijing.
【答案】be confirmed
【解析】考查情态动词及语态。句意：这一事实可以通过在互联网上快速搜索得到证实。分析句子，句中
the fact和confirm之间是被动关系，同时该空置于情态动词can之后，故使用情态动词的被动语态。故填
be confirmed。
3.（2024·天津·二模）—Sorry, Tony. I’m too busy to attend the meeting this Saturday.
—Well, you ________ attend it if you truly can’t spare the time.
A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——对不起，托尼。我太忙了，不能参加这个星期六的会议。——嗯，如果你真的抽不出时间，你就不必参加了。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. needn’t不必；C. can’t不能； D. mustn’t
禁止，不允许。根据“if you truly can’t spare the time.”可知，抽不出时间就不必参加星期六的会议了。故选
B。
4．（2024·高三·天津南开·阶段练习）--Are you coming to my going away?
--Certainly.________.
A．I wouldn't miss it for the world B．I don't want to lose the last straw
C．I can't have my cake and eat it D．I won't unless invited
【答案】A
【解析】考查交际用语。句意：—你会来参加我的道别派对吗？—当然，求之不得。A. I wouldn't miss it
for the world求之不得；B. I don't want to lose the last straw我不想失去最后的机会；C. I can't have my cake
and eat it我不能两者兼得；D. I won't unless invited我不会去的，除非受到邀请。根据“certainly”可知，答
话者很高兴去。故选A。
5．（2024·高三·天津·专题练习）– Where are my new sneakers? Have you seen them?
-- How __________ I know? I’m your sister, not your servant.
A．shall B．should C．will D．might
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：—我的运动鞋到哪里去了？你看见了吗？—我应该知道吗？我是你姐
姐，不是你的仆人。A. shall将要；B. should应该；C. will将要，会；D. might也许。本句中should表示责
备，指责，符合本句的语境。故选B。
6.（2024高三·天津武清·模拟）It’s a pity that such a talent as Jerry ______ leave his favourite work in that
company.
A．need B．could C．should D．may
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：像杰瑞这样的人才竟然离开了他最喜欢的工作，真是太遗憾了。“It is a
pity+that从句”意为“竟然；居然”时，表示出乎意料的事情，that后的从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语
用“should+动词原形”。故选C。
7.（2024·天津·二模）The HR director announced, “Candidates _______ remain in your seats until all the papers
have been collected.”
A．can B．shall C．would D．need
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：人力资源总监宣布：“候选人应留在座位上，直到所有试卷都收集完
毕。”A. can 能够，可能；B. shall必须，应该；C. would将，会；D. need需要。根据句意可知，此处表
示规定，应用情态动词shall，表示规定、警告、命令。故选B。
8.（2023·湖南株洲·模拟预测）It’s surprising that Mr. Ma’s little daughter _________ speak English so well.
A．must B．can C．mustn’t D．should
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：真的很令人惊讶，马先生的小女儿英语能够说得如此好。A. must必须；B.can能，会；C. mustn’t禁止；D. should应该。根据句意，此处表示“能够”用can。故选B。
9.（2024·天津·模拟预测）When weather permitted, he __________ go to the tea house after dinner to talk with
other old partners every day.
A．might B．should C．could D．would
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：只要天气允许，他每天晚饭后都会去茶馆和其他老搭档聊天。A.
might可能；B. should应该；C. could可以；D. would过去常常。由When weather permitted和every day可
知，空格处用would表示过去常常做的事情，故选D。
10.（2024·天津·一模）Look, double yellow lines! You_________ park here.
A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．daren’t
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：看，双黄线！你禁止在这里停车。A. wouldn’t不会；B. mustn’t禁
止；C. needn’t不需要；D. daren’t不敢。由“double yellow lines”可知，句子表示“你禁止在这里停车”，
空格处表示“禁止”，故选B。
题型二 情态动词+have done的考查
1.（2024·天津和平·二模）—Jimmy, how did your final exam go?
—I thought I_______, but the result was not so bad.
A．might have failed B．shall have failed
C．should have failed D．must have failed
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：——吉米，你期末考试怎么样？——我想我可能会失败，
但结果并不是那么糟糕。A. might have failed可能会失败；B. shall have failed将会失败；C. should have
failed应该会失败；D. must have failed肯定失败了。根据but the result was not so bad可知，作者本以为自己
可能会失败，但是结果还可以。故选A。
2．（2024·天津河西·二模）I______ before I came to the new company, for my colleagues here are very friendly
and helpful to me.
A．couldn’t worry B．couldn’t have worried
C．needn’t worry D．needn’t have worried
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：在我来到新公司之前，我本不必担心，因为这里的同事对我非常友好和乐
于助人。根据下文“for my colleagues here are very friendly and helpful to me”可知，我本不必担心到新公司
的事情，因为这里的同事对我非常友好和乐于助人，但实际上是担心了。needn’t have done意为“本不必
做某事，但实际上做了”，符合本题语境；couldn’t have done意为“不可能做了某事”，表示对过去的一
种推测。couldn’t do sth. 意为“不能做某事”，needn’t do sth.意为“不需要做某事”，均不符合语境。故选D。
3．（2024·天津河东·二模）—I think I saw John in the library yesterday.
—You ________ him; he is still on business.
A．can’t have seenB．needn’t see C．mightn’t see D．mustn’t have seen
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词用法。句意：——我想我昨天在图书馆看到约翰了。——你不可能看到他；他还在
出差。根据上下句句意可知，此处为对过去的推测，故需用“情态动词+have done”结构，故排除B、C
项。must have done没有否定形式，表示对过去事实或状态的否定推测时用can’t/couldn’t have done。故选
A项。
4．（2024·天津·二模）The cake __________ have been carefully baked for hours based on its delicious taste.
A．must B．need C．should D．would
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词+完成式的辨析。句意：这蛋糕一定是经过精心烘烤了好几个小时才做出的美味。
A. must一定；B. need需要；C. should应该，表示本该做却没有做；D. would将会，本来会做，表示对过
去事情的假设。根据后文based on its delicious taste可知，此处表达对过去发生的事情做出的肯定推测，用
must have done。故选A。
5．（2024·天津·一模）Jason is telling kids something interesting in the living room. He ______ have had a
brilliant journey in Beijing.
A．must B．should C．could D．would
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：杰森正在客厅给孩子们讲一些有趣的事情。他在北京的旅行一定很愉快。
根据上下句句意可知，此处为情态动词must+ have done表示“对过去事情的肯定推测”，此处表示“他在
北京的旅行一定很愉快”，满足句意要求。故选A项。
6．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）The first attempt at making a lantern proved more challenging than the boy ever
______ have imagined.
A．could B．must C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词的固定用法。句意：男孩发现，制作灯笼的第一次尝试比他想象的更具挑战性。分
析句子可知，这个题考查的是could have done的固定结构，表示对过去的一种可能性猜测。这个男孩是在
过去想象灯笼是否好做，could have imagined便是这个意思，故选A项。
6．（2024·天津北辰·三模）The high school student answered all the questions properly. In my view, he ______
have read many books.
A．must B．should C．need D．could
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：这个高中生把所有的问题都答得很好。在我看来，他一定读了很多书。
must have done必定做了……(表示对过去的推测)，should have done原本该做但是没做，need have done本
需要做某事却没有做，could have done本能做某事却没有做，结合“The high school student answered all thequestions properly.”可知，此处指我认为这个高中生过去一定读了很多书。故选A项。
7．（23-24高三·天津·阶段练习）During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t stop thinking about how
huge a project it ________ have been to build it in ancient times.
A．must B．could C．should D．need
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我一直在想，在古代修建长城一定是一项多
么浩大的工程啊。A. must必须，一定；B. could可以；C. should应该；D. need需要。结合句意及“to build
it in ancient times”可知，此处表示对过去肯定的推测，指在古代修建长城一定是一项非常浩大的工程，故
选A。
8．（2024·天津河东·一模）I ______ you about your mistakes, but I didn’t think you would listen to me.
A．could have toldB．must have told C．should tell D．might tell
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词 。句意：我本可以告诉你你的错误，但我认为你不会听我的。A. could have done
本可以做某事而没有做；B. must have done一定做过某事；C. should do应该做某事；D. might do可能做某
事。根据“but I didn’t think you would listen to me.”可知，本可以告诉你你的错误。故选A。
9．（23-24高三·上海·试题）You can’t imagine that a gentleman ________ so rudely to an old lady.
A．shall have behaved B．should have behaved
C．could have behaved D．might have behaved
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：你无法想象一位绅士竟然会对一位老太太表现地如此粗鲁。A. shall
have behaved应该已经表现；B. should have behaved竟然表现；C. could have behaved本可以表现；D. might
have behaved也许已经表现。根据“You can’t imagine”可知，此处表示对这位绅士对老太太的粗鲁表现的惊
讶、难以置信，应用should have behaved“竟然表现”。故选B。
10．（23-24高三·天津西青·期末）Peter ______have been so anxious about the deadline, for he had plenty of
time to complete the project.
A．dare not B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．won’t
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：彼得本不必为最后期限如此焦虑，因为他有充足的时间来完成这个项目。
A. dare not不敢；B. needn’t不必；C. mustn’t禁止；D. won’t不会。needn’t have done表示“本不必做某
事”，根据for he had plenty of time to complete th project可知，needn’t符合题意。故选B项。
题型三 虚拟语气的考查
1.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）The spokesman did not regret what he had said at the conference but felt that he
could (express) it indirectly.
【答案】have expressed
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：发言人对他在会上所说的话并不后悔，只是觉得他本可以间接地表达出来。根据“The spokesman did not regret what he had said at the conference but felt”可知，此处是指他本可以间接
地表达出来，是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以应用could have done表示“本可以做某事”。动词
express意为“表达”。故填have expressed。
1．（2024·山东济南·二模）If I were you, I ______the chance to go abroad.
A．will seize B．would have seize C．seize D．would seize
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我是你，我会抓住出国的机会。根据从句If I were you可知，这里是
If引导的虚拟条件句，表示对现在情况的虚拟，主句的谓语应用would do的形式。故选D。
2．（23-24高三·广东中山·阶段练习）If he ______ hard at high school, he ______ a college student now.
A．studied; is B．had studied; is C．studied; would be D．had studied; would be
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他在高中时努力学习的话，他现在就是一名大学生了。study“学习”，
be“是”。结合句意可知，If引导的条件状语从句，是对过去的假设，从句时态用过去完成时，用had
studied；而主句是对现在的假设，时态用过去将来时，用would be。故选D。
3．（23-24高三·广东东莞·开学考试）He might have already recovered from his illness ________ the fact that
he didn’t follow the doctor’s advice.
A．if it was not for B．were it not for C．if it should not be forD．had it not been for
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为他没有听从医生的建议，他可能已经康复了。由主句中的
might have recovered可知，这是对过去发生的事情的虚拟，所以if条件句中应该用过去完成时态，即if it
had not been for...，在if引导的条件句中，如果if被省略，则把had提前，变为had it not been for...，故选
D。
4．（23-24高三·广东东莞·开学考试）The surgeon recommended the patient ________ in no time.
A．to be operated B．operate on C．should operate D．be operated on
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：外科医生建议病人马上动手术。英语中表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意
义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略；分
析句子可知，“the patient ________ in no time”是动词recommended(建议)后宾语从句，应使用虚拟语气；
从句中谓语operate on(给……动手术)与主语patient(病人)之间是被动关系，用虚拟语气和被动语态形式
should be operated on，should可省略。故选D项。
5．（23-24高三·陕西西安·期末）It is strongly recommended that the machine ______ maintained every year for
safety reasons.
A．be B．will be C．is D．has been
【答案】A
【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：出于安全考虑，强烈建议每年对机器进行维护。分析句子结构和意思可知，
这里考查that引导的主语从句的谓语动词，前面有recommend，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形，
should可以省略，be是动词原形。故选A。6．（23-24高三·黑龙江大庆·期末）He suggested that the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A．referred to beingB．referring to being C．referred to be D．referring to be
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词和虚拟语气。句意：他建议应该要对涉及到的问题给予重视。分析句子成分可知，
suggested后为that引导的宾语从句，从句应用虚拟语气(should) do，又因宾语从句的主语为the problems，
所以谓语动词应为(should) be paid；refer to“涉及，提到”与the problems是被动关系，应为过去分词形式
作后置定语修饰前面的名词the problems。故选C。
7．（23-24高三·陕西西安·阶段练习）I would rather Tom ______ to see me in the office instead of at home
tomorrow.
A．would come B．had come C．came D．is coming
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿汤姆明天来办公室找我，而不是在家里。would rather后的宾语从句
使用虚拟语气，根据后文tomorrow可知表示与将来事实相反用一般过去时，应用came。故选C。
8．（23-24高三·广东深圳·阶段练习）I________ to return early but they just wouldn’t let me go.
A．intended B．have intended C．was intending D．had intended
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我本打算早点回来，但他们就说不让我走。结合句意表达“本打算做某事
（而未做）”用had intended to do，是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故选D。
9．（2023·河南郑州·模拟预测）But for my casual attitude, I wouldn’t have been dismissed and ________ with
my colleagues on the project now.
A．might have worked B．would be working C．were to work D．had worked
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是我的随意态度，我不会被解雇，并且现在会和我的同事一起工作。
结合语意可知，由于随意的态度，我已经被解雇，现在没有和同事一起工作，所以“现在会和我的同事一
起工作”是非真实情况，应用虚拟语气；且本句为错综时间条件句，根据句中now可知，空处是对现在的
虚拟，谓语动词应用would be working。故选B项。
10.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）________ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A．If were I B．I were C．Were I D．Was I
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我要做这工作，我就改天再做。在虚拟条件句中如果有were/should/
had这三个词，可将从属连词if省略，将were/should/had置于主语前，改写为“were/should/had +主语”形
式。结合句意和主句可知，“___ to do the work”是虚拟条件句，其完整句子为“If I were to to do the
work”，可改写为“Were I to do the work”。故选C项。题型 语法填空
Passage 1（高三·上海青浦·阶段练习）
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, used one word that best fits each blank.
Agree to Disagree
I am old enough to remember running through the whipping rain to find a phone booth, only 1
(get) cut off in the middle of the call because I ran out of change. I remember having posted hand-written letters
home from overseas that would take two weeks to arrive.
In comparison, the world of social media is truly a miracle. Free of charge, you 2 contact anybody,
anywhere, anytime. Social media enables us to debate with people the world over. And this is a good thing in some
aspects. In the market-place of ideas, you get to try on other people’s shoes and see 3 the world looks like
from their perspective. In the 90s, experts predicted an end to historical conflict because people would become
more open-minded and tolerant. But this is sadly not turning out to be the case. As psychologist Johnathan Haidt
said in his article “The Codding of the American Mind,” social media 4 (create) people who are addicted
to conflict and is driving polarization (极端化).
Because online disagreements are no longer being conducted between two people in an 5 (enclose)
room, but are instead happening in a public space with thousands of onlookers, many debates have devolved into
6 more than a popularity contest in which anyone who walks away with the most “likes” 7 (crown)
the winner. People often say things they don’t believe in order to get more likes.
Meanwhile, social media algorithms (算法) reinforce an echo chamber (回音室). By 8 (expose)
you to articles and videos similar in opinion to those you’ve clicked on before, they lure you down the rabbit hole
9 the media you consume is reinforcing the opinions you already have.
Many of us have probably got stuck in a heated debate over some controversial topic. This may not matter
much if the conflict occurs between strangers. But when it comes to close family or friends, the result can be
unpleasant. Many people find it really hard to feel close to their friends 10 they have the same beliefs.
My advice here is to bear in mind the following: You are entitled to your opinion; I just happen to think
otherwise. So let’s agree to disagree.
【答案】
1．to get 2．can 3．what 4．has created 5．enclosed 6．nothing 7．is crowned
8．exposing 9．where 10．although/though
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述随着社交媒体的不断发展，它为世界各地人们的思想碰撞提供了机
会，同时也产生了消极影响，即争论和冲突的极端化。1．考查非谓语动词。句意：我已经大了，记得我冒着倾盆大雨跑去找电话亭，结果因为没零钱，电话打
到一半就被挂断了。根据句意，“(get) cut off in the middle of the call”是出乎意料的结果，结合空格前
only，用不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。故填to get。
2．考查情态动词。句意：免费，你可以随时随地联系任何人。根据句意，表示“能够”，用情态动词
can。故填can。
3．考查宾语从句。句意：在思想的市场上，你可以试穿别人的鞋子，看看从他们的角度看世界是什么样
子。“ the world looks like”是宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，意为“世界是什么样子”，用连接代词what引导
该从句。故填what。
4．考查动词。句意：正如心理学家乔纳森·海特在他的文章《美国人思维的编码》中所说，社交媒体造就
了沉迷于冲突的人，并正在推动两极分化。create是主句谓语动词，与主语social media之间是主动关系，
结合句意，描述过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时态，主语social media指整个媒体行业，视为单数，
谓语用单数形式。故填has created。
5．考查形容词。句意：因为网上的争论不再是两个人在一个封闭的房间里进行，而是发生在一个有成千
上万旁观者的公共空间里，许多辩论已经演变成一场人气竞赛，谁得到最多的“赞”，谁就成为赢家。作
定语，用形容词enclosed，意为“围住的，封闭的”。故填enclosed。
6．考查固定短语。句意：因为网上的争论不再是两个人在一个封闭的房间里进行，而是发生在一个有成
千上万旁观者的公共空间里，许多辩论已经演变成一场人气竞赛，谁得到最多的“赞”，谁就成为赢家。
nothing more than是固定短语，意为“仅仅是，只不过是”。故填nothing。
7．考查。句意：因为网上的争论不再是两个人在一个封闭的房间里进行，而是发生在一个有成千上万旁
观者的公共空间里，许多辩论已经演变成一场人气竞赛，谁得到最多的“赞”，谁就成为赢家。
crown(为……加冕)是句中谓语动词，与主语anyone之间是被动关系，描述一般性事实，应使用一般现在
时态，又因主语是不定代词anyone，谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，
单数形式。故填is crowned。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过向你展示与你之前点击过的观点相似的文章和视频，他们引诱你进入兔
子洞，在那里你消费的媒体正在强化你已经拥有的观点。介词后用动名词exposing作宾语。故填
exposing。
9．考查定语从句。句意：通过向你展示与你之前点击过的观点相似的文章和视频，他们引诱你进入“兔
子洞”，在那里你消费的媒体正在强化你已经拥有的观点。空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
the rabbit hole，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在“兔子洞”里”，应使用关系副词
where引导该从句。故填where。
10．考查状语从句。句意：许多人发现，尽管朋友有着相同的信仰，但他们真的很难感到亲近。“they
have the same beliefs”和“really hard to feel close to their friends”有转折关系，用从属连词although或者
though引导让步状语从句。故填although/though。
Passage 2（23-24高三·上海·阶段练习）
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the otherblanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
ChatGPT, Man’s Meat or Poison?
ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence-driven chatbot programme that responds to user prompts (提示), has
dominated social networks in recent weeks. Its appeal is 11 that within days of its launch, OpenAI
announced that 1 million people had logged on.
There’s nothing novel in software 12 produces fluent and logical writing. ChatGPT’s predecessor
could do that too. Both were trained on an unimaginably large amount of data to answer questions in a believable
way. But ChatGPT has been adjusted by 13 (feed) the data on human “conversations”, which significantly
increased the truthfulness and informativeness of its answers.
Even so, ChatGPT still produces answers that seem reasonable but are incorrect or nonsensical. Even the bot
itself says, “My responses 14 (not intend) to be taken as facts.” This might be a big problem on the Internet,
as many web platforms lack the capability to protect themselves 15 a flood of AI-generated content. Such
websites as Stack Overflow, 16 users can find answers to programming-related questions, had to ban
ChatGPT-produced posts, as its human moderators (管理员) could not deal with the volume of believable but
wrong replies. It is risky to give out tools 17 (use) to mass produce fake news and messages.
Letting loose ChatGPT raises the question of 18 content produced by it can be truly trusted. A human
author is responsible for their work in a way AI is not. Artificial intelligence is not artificial consciousness:
ChatGPT does not know what it is doing, it is unable to say how or why it produced a response; it has no grasp of
human experience, and cannot tell if it is making sense. 19 OpenAI has safeguards to refuse inappropriate
requests, such as to tell users how to commit crimes, these can be neglected. As is suggested, AI’s potential for
harm 20 not be underestimated. In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon of mass destruction.
【答案】
11．such 12．that 13．being fed 14．are not intended 15．against/from 16．where
17．used 18．whether 19．While/Although/Though 20．should
【导语】这是一篇说明文。最近几周，人工智能驱动的聊天机器人程序ChatGPT在社交网络上占据了主导
地位，但是ChatGPT对人类来说是好是坏还尚未可知。文章对此进行了介绍。
11．考查限定词。句意：它的吸引力是如此之大，以至于OpenAI在发布几天内就宣布有100万人登录了
它。根据“that within days of its launch, OpenAI announced that 1 million people had logged on”可知，此处是
指它的吸引力是如此之大，且主语appeal是名词，所以应用限定词such。故填such。
12．考查定语从句。句意：软件中可以产生流畅有逻辑的写作已经不新奇了。在定语从句中缺少主语，且
先行词为nothing，所以应用关系代词that。故填that。
13．考查动名词的被动语态。句意：但ChatGPT通过输入人类“对话”的数据进行了调整，这大大提高了
其答案的真实性和信息量。动词feed意为“提供”，在介词by后应用动名词形式作宾语，和主语
ChatGPT构成被动关系。故填being fed。
14．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：就连机器人自己也说：“我的回答不是为了被当作事实。”根据
“Even the bot itself says”可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。动词intend意为“准备”，和主语
构成被动关系。故填are not intended。
15．考查介词。句意：这可能是互联网上的一个大问题，因为许多网络平台缺乏保护自己免受人工智能生成内容泛滥的能力。protect...againt/from意为“保护……免受……”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词
against或from。故填against/from。
16．考查定语从句。句意：像Stack Overflow这样的网站，在这里用户可以找到与编程相关的问题的答
案，不得不禁止ChatGPT产生的帖子，因为它的人工版主无法处理大量可信但错误的回复。在非限制性定
语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且先行词为Stack Overflow，所以应用关系副词where。故填where。
17．考查过去分词。句意：发放用于大规模生产假新闻和假消息的工具是有风险的。动词use意为“使
用”，和系动词之间没有连词，和逻辑主语tools构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作
后置定语。故填used。
18．考查宾语从句。句意：放开ChatGPT引发了一个问题，即由它生成的内容是否可以真正信任。在宾语
从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且根据“raises the question of”可知，此处是指由它生成的内容是否可以
真正信任，所以应用从属连词whether表示“是否”。故填whether。
19．考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然OpenAI有拒绝不适当请求的保障措施，比如告诉用户如何犯罪，但
这些都可以被忽略。“OpenAI has safeguards to refuse inappropriate requests”和“these can be neglected”构成
转折关系，所以应用连词while/although/though表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句。句首首字母应大写。故
填While/Although/Though。
20．考查虚拟语气。句意：正如所建议的那样，人工智能的潜在危害不应被低估。根据“As is suggested”
可知，此处应用（should）do虚拟语气。故填should。
1．（2023·天津·高考真题）We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their
power to help us.
A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我们不必为细节而烦恼，因为我们的队友会尽全力帮助我们。A. mustn’t
禁止；B. daren’t不敢；C. needn’t不必；D. can’t不能。根据“for our teammates will do everything in their
power to help us”可知，因为我们队友会全力帮助我们，所以我们不必为细节烦恼。故选C。
2．（2021·天津·高考真题）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.
---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.
A．may have made
B．should have made
C．couldn't have made
D．needn't have made【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词用法。句意：—老实说，我觉得我不会被录取。—唉，谁知道呢!你给人的印象可能
比你想象的要好。A.may have made 可能；B.should have made本应该做；C.couldn't have made不可能做；
D.needn't have made本不必做。根据句意可知，此处表示的是有可能，故选A。
3．（2021·天津·高考真题）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now
there are houses and people everywhere.
A．need B．should C．could D．must
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开了几英里，都没见过别人，但现在到处都是房子和
人。A. need 需要；B. should 应该，理应如此； C. could 可能，表示对客观可能性的推测；D. must 一
定，必须。根据前半句意思可知，表示的是对客观可能性的推测。故选C。
4．（2017·全国·高考真题）Whale breathe through lungs just as we humans do，so they_______come up for
air．
A．may B．can C．might D．must
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：鲸通过肺呼吸，就跟我们人类一样，所以它们必须浮上水面呼吸
空气。A. may可以，也许；B. can可以（有能力），可能；C. might也许，语气较弱；D. must必须，一
定。根据语境，鲸由于用肺呼吸，它一定要浮出水面，没有其它可能，故选D。
5．（2013·辽宁·高考真题）Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _______ too much at the party last night.
A．could drink B．should drink
C．would have drunk D．must have drunk
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：哈里感到很不舒服，他在昨晚的聚会上一定是喝得太多了。must have done
用于肯定句，表示对过去情况的肯定猜测。可能性较大，一般有一定根据。A.could have done过去本能够
做某事，而实际上未做；B.need have done过去本有必要做某事，而实际上未做；D.would have done过去本
想要做某事，而实际上未做。根据 last night并结合语境可知，该句是对过去有把握的推测，而非与过去事
实相反的假设或结果。故选C。
6．（2014·广西·高考真题）Although you ______ find bargains in London, it’s not generally a cheap place to
shop.
A．should B．need C．must D．can
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：尽管你能在伦敦找到便宜货，但是一般不是购物便宜的地方。A.
should应该；B. need需要；C. must必须；D. can能。 can用在否定句和疑问句中可以表示具体的可能性，
用在肯定句中表示理论上的可能性，本句中在伦敦可能能买到便宜货就是理论上的可能性，用can表示。
故选D。
7．（2017·天津·高考真题）Ten days are devoted to this training program and ________ it be unsuccessful, it
could be repeated later.A．should B．could C．might D．would
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们用了10天的时间来完成这个训练计划，如果不成功，以后还可以重
复。结合后文“ it could be repeated later.”可知，此处表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句，主句用would
(should, could, might) +动词原形，从句动词用过去式（be 通常用were）或用 should+动词原形或 were
to+动词原形；且而虚拟条件句中，如有were、should或had，可将if省略，将were、should或had提前至
句首构成倒装。故选A。
8．（2017·全国·高考真题）My brother lent me the money,_______I couldn't have afforded the trip．
A．Furthermore B．Otherwise
C．Moreover D．Nevertheless
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查副词辨析。句意：我哥借钱给我了，否则我不可能有能力支付这旅行的费用。
A.furthermore还有；B.otherwise否则；C.moreover还有；D.nevertheless然而。根据句意可知，这里含有对
过去情况假设的虚拟语气，用otherwise相当于“if my brother hadn't lent me the money（要是我哥没有借钱
给我）”。故选B。
9．（2019·天津·高考真题）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the
time.
A．accomplished B．had accomplished
C．would accomplish D．would have accomplished
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根
据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。表示与过去事实相反的假设，
其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其
他，故选D。
10.（2017·天津·高考真题）(2017·天津) My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I
can do it in the morning.
A．daren’t B．shouldn’t
C．needn’t D．mustn’t
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打
扫。A. daren’t不敢；Bshouldn’t不应该；C. needn’t不需要；D. mustn’t不许。根据but可知，意思表示转
折，故选C。
