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2026 人教版英语八下学霸预习讲义和练习
单元讲义
Unit 8 Making a Difference
本单元围绕 “Makinga Difference(发挥作用)” 展开,核心探讨志愿服务的意义、不同场
景的志愿工作及如何通过帮助他人产生积极影响。内容涵盖三大模块:
1. 志愿服务认知:识别常见的志愿活动(如照顾老人、清理海滩、动物收容所义工),学习用
英语谈论志愿经历(如服务时长、具体工作),理解志愿服务对他人和社会的价值;
2. 志愿实践与表达:通过 “蓝天救援队志愿者的演讲”“罗伯特申请动物收容所义工” 等案例,
学习描述志愿工作的困难与收获,掌握撰写志愿申请邮件的结构与表达;
3. 实践任务:设计 “发起志愿小组” 项目,引导学生分组确定志愿主题(如帮助老人、清理自
然区域),制作招募海报并展示,提升团队协作与英语应用能力。
本单元旨在帮助学生掌握 “谈论志愿经历与表达服务意愿” 的英语表达,培养社会责任感,
同时巩固现在完成时(与 since/for 连用)的用法。
1. 词汇记忆: “ 志愿场景 + 动作 ” 关联记忆将核心词汇与具体志愿场景绑定(如 “animal
shelter” 关 联 “clean cages/feed animals” , “nursing home” 关 联 “look after the
elderly/play chess”,“charity organization” 关联 “collect donations/hand out food”),结
合单元例句仿写,如:“Volunteers at the nursing home help the elderly stay active by
exercisingwiththem.”
2. 语法练习: “ 时长表达 + 时态 ” 巩固针对现在完成时与 since/for 的搭配,围绕 “志愿经历”
造句(如 “for:Ihavevolunteeredforthreemonths.;since:I havevolunteeredsincelast
September.”);可制作 “志愿时长表”,用英语记录自己或他人的志愿服务时间,强化用法。
3. 口语表达:模拟 “ 志愿面试 ” 参考课本 2d、3d 的对话模板,和同学分别扮演 “面试官” 与
“志愿申请者”,用 “Howlonghave you...?→ Whatdo youusually do?→Whydo youwant
to volunteer?” 的流程练习,如:Interviewer: How long have you been a volunteer
before?Applicant:Ihavebeenavolunteeratacommunityparkfortwomonths.Interviewer:
第 1 页 共 13 页2026 人教版英语八下学霸预习讲义和练习
What did you do there?Applicant: I helped clean up litter and guide visitors. I also learned
howtowork witha team.
4. 阅读拓展:积累 “ 志愿收获 ” 表达阅读单元 B 部分 “蓝天救援队演讲” 时,摘抄志愿收获
相关短语(如 “learnlife-savingskills”“understandteamwork”“valueeverylife”),整理成 “志
愿感悟手册”,为写作和实践任务做准备。
(一)核心单词
1. volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/n. 志愿者; v. 自愿做
搭配:volunteerwork 志愿工作;volunteeratanursing home 在养老院做义工
例句:TengFeihasbeena volunteer atanursing homesince lastyear.
2. organization/ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. 组织;机构
搭配:charity organization 慈善组织;volunteerorganization 志愿组织
例句:Thefirst speakerworksfora footballorganization asa volunteer.
3. provide/prəˈvaɪd/v. 提供;给予
搭配:providehelp 提供帮助;provide information 提供信息;provide sb with sth 给某人
提供某物
例句:Volunteersattheart museumprovidevisitorswith informationaboutpaintings.
4. donation/dəˈneɪʃn/n. 捐赠物;捐赠
搭配:collect donations 收集捐赠物;makea donation 进行捐赠
例句:Rosecollects donationsfortheanimalsheltertobuyfoodfor theanimals.
5. shelter/ˈʃeltə(r)/n. 庇护所;收容所
搭配:animalshelter 动物收容所;homelessshelter 流浪者收容所
例句:Robert wantstovolunteer atananimalshelter totakecareofdogsandcats.
6. elderly/ˈeldəli/adj. 上了年纪的; n. 老人
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搭配:theelderly 老人;look after theelderly 照顾老人
例句:TengFeiexerciseswiththeelderly to helpthemstayactive.
7. practical/ˈpræktɪkl/adj. 实用的;实际的
搭配:practicalskills 实用技能;practicalexperience 实际经验
例句:Volunteering with Blue Sky Rescue has taught the speaker many practical life-saving
skills.
8. teamwork/ˈtiːmwɜːk/n. 团队合作
搭配:goodteamwork 良好的团队合作;importanceofteamwork 团队合作的重要性
例句:Thespeakersaysteamworkisthekeyto successfulrescuesin BlueSkyRescue.
9. value/ˈvæljuː/n. 价值;重要性; v. 重视
搭配:thevalueoflife 生命的价值;valuehelpfromothers 重视他人的帮助
例句:Volunteeringhastaughtthespeakerthevalueofevery life.
10.ordinary /ˈɔːdnri/adj. 普通的;平凡的
搭配:ordinary people 普通人;ordinary life 平凡的生活
例句:The Blue Sky Rescue volunteer says he is just an ordinary person, but he rushes into
dangertosaveothers.
11.worth/wɜːθ/adj. 值得的
搭配:beworthdoing 值得做;worth theeffort 值得努力
例句:Seeing the smiles of the people he helps makes Harry’s volunteer work worth the
effort.
12.audience/ˈɔːdiəns/n. 听众;观众
搭配:speaktotheaudience 向听众演讲;largeaudience 大量观众
例句 :The Blue Sky Rescue volunteer gave a speech to a large audience about his
experiences.
13.donate/dəˈneɪt/v. 捐赠;赠送
搭配:donatemoney 捐款;donatebooks 捐赠书籍
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例句:Harry donateshispocketmoneytothecharity organization to helppeopleinneed.
14.active/ˈæktɪv/adj. 活跃的;积极的
搭配:stayactive 保持活跃;activevolunteer 积极的志愿者
例句:Theelderly needtoexerciseevery daytostay active.
15.success/səkˈses/n. 成功
搭配:achievesuccess 获得成功;successinvolunteering 志愿工作的成功
例句:Goodteamwork isimportantforthesuccessofrescuemissions.
(二)重点短语
1. make adifference 有(重要)作用;产生影响
例句:Evensmallvolunteer workcanmakeabigdifference insomeone’slife.
2. helpout 分担工作;帮忙做
搭配:helpoutatasports event 在体育赛事中帮忙;helpoutwith chores 帮忙做家务
例句:Thevolunteerhelpsoutatthestadiumbycleaningupafter matches.
3. signup 报名;注册
搭配:signupforavolunteerprogram 报名参加志愿项目;signupwithanorganization 加
入某组织
例句:The speaker signed up with Blue Sky Rescue in 2009 and has been a volunteer ever
since.
4. eversince 自从;自 …… 以后
例句:Rose has been a volunteer at the animal shelter for two years, and she has loved the
workever since.
5. providesbwithsth 给某人提供某物
例句:The art museum volunteers provide visitors with detailed information about the
paintings.
6. collectdonations 收集捐赠物
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例句:Volunteers at the animal shelter collect donations to buy food and medicine for the
animals.
7. lookafter 照顾;照料
搭配:lookafter theelderly 照顾老人;look after sick animals 照顾生病的动物
例句:Robert usedtolookafter hispetdog, so heknowshowto takecareofanimals.
8. beworth the effort 值得努力
例句:Althoughvolunteeringistiring, itis worth theeffort when youseethehappinessyou
bringto others.
9. handout 分发;散发
搭配:handoutfood 分发食物;handoutleaflets 散发传单
例句:Harry helpshandouthotmealstopeopleinneedatthecharityorganization.
10.inneed 处于贫困中;生活困难
例句:Thevolunteergroupfocusesonhelpingpeopleinneed,suchasthehomelessandthe
elderly.
(三)重点句子
1. How long have you been a volunteer? I’ve been a volunteer for two years. (你做志愿
者多久了?我做志愿者两年了。)
解析:“How long have you + 过去分词” 用于询问 “动作持续的时间”,回答用 “have/has
been+ 名词 / 形容词 +for+ 时间段”;“for” 后接具体时长(如 twoyears/threemonths),
单元 1d、3d 对话中高频用于谈论志愿服务时长。仿写:—Howlonghaveyoubeenavolunteer
attheanimalshelter?—I’vebeena volunteerfor threemonths.
2. I’ve been avolunteer here sincelast August. (自从去年八月以来,我就一直是这里的志
愿者。)
解析:“since” 后接具体过去时间(如 lastAugust/2023),表 “动作从过去某一时间开始,
持续到现在”;单元 GrammarFocus 中用于强调志愿经历的起点,与现在有联系。仿写:Shehas
beenhelpingtheelderly sinceshejoinedtheyouthgroup.
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3. Volunteering has taught me the value of every life and the importance of teamwork.
(志愿服务教会了我生命的价值和团队合作的重要性。)
解析:“hastaught” 是现在完成时,表 “过去的志愿动作对现在造成的影响(学到的道理)”;
单元 B 部分志愿者演讲中用于总结志愿收获,体现志愿服务的意义。仿写:Working at the
animalshelterhastaughtmeto bepatientwith alllivingthings.
4. Will you join us as a volunteer? Together we can make a difference! (你愿意加入我们
做志愿者吗?我们一起就能产生影响!)
解析:“join sbas + 身份” 表 “以某身份加入某人”;“makea difference” 是单元核心短语,
用于呼吁他人参与志愿工作,单元 B 部分演讲结尾的 “号召行动” 即为此用法。仿写:Willyou
joinusasa volunteeratthebeachclean-up?Togetherwecanmakethebeachcleaner!
(四)重点语法:现在完成时(与 连用)
since/for
本单元核心语法为现在完成时与 since/for 的搭配,重点用于描述 “志愿工作等动作从过去
开始并持续到现在的时长”,明确动作的延续性。
构成与搭配规则
1.
时间
含义 用法 例句
标志
可用于所有
时态的 “时
后接时间
长” 表达,现
—Howlonghaveyoubeena
段(表 “持
在完成时中
for volunteer?—I’vebeena volunteerfor three
续了多
表 “动作从 years.(我做志愿者三年了。)
久”)
过去持续到
现在的时长”
后接具体 仅用于完成
—Howlonghassheworkedattheanimal
过去时间 时,表 “动作
shelter?—Shehasworkedtheresincelast
since
/
过去动 从过去某一 summer.(自从去年夏天以来,她就一直在那
作(表 “从 时间 / 动作 里工作。)—Hehaslovedvolunteeringsince
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时间
含义 用法 例句
标志
何时开 开始,持续到 hehelpedtheelderlyforthefirsttime.(自
始”) 现在” 从第一次帮助老人后,他就热爱志愿服务了。)
关键注意事项
2.
动词类型:现在完成时与 since/for 连用时,谓语动词需为延续性动词(如 be, work,
volunteer,live 等),不可用非延续性动词(如 start, join, finish 等)。
错误:×Hehasjoinedtheorganizationfortwo years.
正确:√Hehasbeena member oftheorganizationfortwo years.
时态区分:“for+ 时间段” 可用于一般过去时(表 “过去持续了多久”),但与现在完成时连
用时,强调 “动作持续到现在”;“since” 仅用于完成时。
一般过去时:Heworkedasa volunteer for a monthlast year.(去年他做了一个月志愿者。
—— 现在已不做)
现在完成时:Hehasworkedasavolunteerforamonth(. 他已经做了一个月志愿者。—— 现
在仍在做)
句型转换
3.
对 “for/since” 引导的时长提问,用 How long :
例句:Shehasbeena volunteersince 2022.→Howlong hasshebeena volunteer?
肯定句变否定句,直接在 have/has 后加 not:
例句:Ihavebeena volunteer fortwo years. →I haven’tbeena volunteer fortwo years.
(五)作文指导
写作主题: (我的志愿经历)
MyVolunteer Experience
写作要求:
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1. 介绍你的一次志愿经历(如养老院义工、动物收容所帮忙、社区清理),说明服务的地点、
时长及具体工作;
2. 描述志愿过程中的感受与收获(如帮助他人的快乐、学到的技能);
3. 字数不少于 80 词,正确使用现在完成时(与 since/for 连用)和单元核心词汇(如 volunteer、
makeadifference、helpout 等)。
写作结构:
开头段:引入志愿经历基本信息模板:Lastyear,I becamea volunteerat__________(地点,
如 “alocalanimalshelter”“anursinghome”).Ihavebeenworkingtherefor__________(时
长,如 “sixmonths”),andI havenever feltbored.
中间段:描述具体工作与过程模板:Mymainworkisto__________(具体工作,如 “cleanthe
animals’cagesandfeedthem”“exercisewiththeelderlyandplaychesswiththem”).Every
weekend, I spend two hours there. Last month, I even helped __________(特别事件,如
“collectdonationsfortheshelter”“teachanoldladytouseamobilephone”).Althoughit’s
tiring sometimes, I feel happy when I see __________(感受触发点,如 “the animals look
healthy”“theelderly smile”).
结尾段:总结收获与感悟模板:Thisvolunteerexperiencehastaughtmealot.Ihavelearned
the value of helping others and the importance of patience. I know even small actions can
makea difference.I willkeepbeinga volunteerbecauseitmakesmy lifemoremeaningful.
(一)单项选择( 题)
10
( )1.—Howlong__________you__________ a volunteerattheanimalshelter?
—For aboutthreemonths.
A.do; beB. have;beenC. did; beD.will; be
( )2. The volunteer __________ at the beach clean-up organization for seven years. She
lovesprotectingtheenvironment.
A.worksB. workedC. hasworkedD. will work
( )3. —When did you start volunteering at the nursing home?—I __________ a volunteer
there__________ lastAugust.
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A.havebeen;since B. am;forC. was; sinceD. willbe; for
( )4. Volunteers at the art museum __________ visitors with information about paintings
everyweekend.
A.provideB. providedC. haveprovidedD.will provide
( )5. Harry __________ his pocket money to the charity organization since last year. He
wantsto helppeopleinneed.
A.donatesB.donatedC.hasdonatedD. willdonate
( )6.—Whydo youkeepvolunteering?—Becauseit__________ methevalueof everylife
andmakesmehappy.
A.teachesB. taughtC.hastaughtD. will teach
( )7.Thespeaker__________withBlueSkyRescuesince2009andhassavedmanypeople.
A.signs upB. signedupC. hassignedupD.will signup
( )8.—HowlonghasRosebeena volunteeratthe animalshelter?
—__________ two years. Shestartedin2022.
A.For B. SinceC.In D.On
( )9. Volunteer work __________ a big difference in the lives of the homeless. They now
havewarmmealsevery day.
A.makeB.makesC. madeD. will make
( )10. —Haveyouever __________ina volunteerprogram before?
—Yes,I helpedoutata sportseventlastyear.
A.takepartB. takenpartC. joinD. joined
(二)完形填空( 题)
10
Ihaveameaningfulvolunteerexperienceto share.Lastyear,Ijoinedacharityorganization
to help people in need. I 1 __________ a volunteer there for over a year now, and I have
learneda lot.
EverySaturdaymorning,Igototheorganizationtohelpout.Mymainjobisto2__________
hotmealstothehomeless.Sometimes,Ialsocollectdonationsfromkindpeople—mostof
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them are clothes and books. Last month, we had a special activity to raise money for sick
children. I helped hand out leaflets and talk to people about the activity. Many people
donatedmoney,andwe 3__________ over5,000yuanintotal.
This experience has changed me. Before, I was quite shy, but now I am more confident
when talking to others. I have also learnedto be more patient—some elderly people need
extra time to explain things to. Most importantly, I know that even small actions can 4
__________.WhenIseethesmilesonthefacesofthepeopleIhelp,Ifeelthatallmyeffortis
worthit.
I 5 __________ volunteering in the future. It not only helps others 6 __________ makes my life
more meaningful. My parents often support my volunteer work, and they say it’s a good
way to understand the world. Last week, I brought my classmate Lily to the organization.
She was nervous at first, but soon she started to help 7 __________ the donated clothes.
Nowshealsocomesto volunteer everyweekend.
Some people think volunteering is tiring, but I never feel that way. Every time I help
someone, I get a warm feeling in my heart. Once, an old man told me that my help made
himfeellesslonely.Hiswordsmademerealizehow8__________volunteerworkis.Ibelieve
that9 __________morepeoplejoinus,we canhelpmorepeopleinneed.
Volunteering has become an important part of my life. I will keep doing it, and I hope it
can10__________ morepeopleto careaboutothers.
( )1.A. amB.wasC. havebeenD.will be
( )2.A. handoutB. takeback C. putawayD. pick up
( )3.A. raiseB.raisedC.haveraisedD. will raise
( )4.A. makea mistakeB. makea differenceC. makeadecision D. makea plan
( )5.A. continueB. continuedC.havecontinuedD.will continue
( )6.A. andB.butC. so D.or
( )7.A. sortB.sortsC. sortedD.sorting
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( )8.A. importantB. difficultC. boringD.easy
( )9.A. if B.thoughC. untilD.unless
( )10. A. encourageB.encouragesC.encouragedD. encouraging
(三)语法填空
Volunteeringisagreatwaytohelpothersandgrowyourself.I 1__________(be)avolunteer
at a local nursing home for six months now. I started there last October, and I 2 __________
(love)thework ever since.
Every weekend, I spend two hours with the elderly. I 3 __________(exercise)with them to
help them stay active, and I sometimes 4 (play)Chinese chess with them. Last week, I 5
__________(teach)anoldladyhowtouseamobilephonetovideocallherfamily.Shewas
sohappythatshegavemea bighug.
Thisexperience 6__________(teach)mealot.I 7__________(learn)tobemorepatientand
kind.I 8__________(alsomake)manynew friends—boththeelderly andother volunteers.
I 9 __________(not stop)volunteering here because it makes me feel that I am making a
difference. I 10__________(hope)morepeoplewill join usto helpthoseinneed.
(四)范文
写作任务:
以 “MyVolunteer Experience” 为题,写一篇短文,介绍你的一次志愿经历(如动物收容所
义工、社区服务),包含 “基本信息 — 具体工作 — 收获感悟”,字数 80-100 词,需使
用现在完成时(与 since/for 连用)和单元核心词汇(如 volunteer、help out、make a
difference 等)。
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(五)答案和解析
(一)单项选择
1.B(现在完成时,“Howlong” 提问时长,用 “have+been”,选 B)
2.C(现在完成时,“forsevenyears” 表持续时长,用 “hasworked”,选 C)
3.A(现在完成时 + since,“since lastAugust” 表起点,用 “havebeen”,选 A)
4.A(一般现在时,“everyweekend” 表常态,用 “provide”,选 A)
5.C(现在完成时,“sincelastyear” 表持续,用 “hasdonated”,选 C)
6.C(现在完成时,“教会我生命的价值” 是过去动作对现在的影响,选 C)
7.C(现在完成时,“since2009” 表持续,用 “hassignedup”,选 C)
8.A(for+ 时间段,“fortwo years” 表持续两年,选 A)
9.B(一般现在时,“志愿工作产生影响” 是常态,主语为不可数名词,用 “makes”,选 B)
10.B(现在完成时,“takepartin” 表 “参加活动”,过去分词为 “takenpart”,选 B)
(二)完形填空
1.C(现在完成时,与 “for overa year now” 搭配,表从过去加入慈善组织到现在持续担任
志愿者的状态,符合单元中 “用现在完成时描述持续志愿经历” 的语法要求)。
2.A(handout 意为 “分发”,对应志愿者为无家可归者分发热餐的常见工作内容,贴合单元
中对志愿工作场景的描述)。
3.B(一般过去时,“lastmonth” 明确指向过去时间,描述过去为患病儿童筹款活动中 “筹集
到 5000 多元” 的具体动作,符合单元中 “叙述过往志愿事件时的时态使用逻辑”)。
4.B(makeadifference 是单元核心短语,意为 “产生影响”,呼应单元 “MakingaDifference”
的主题,体现 “即使微小行动也能为他人带来改变” 的核心思想)。
5.D(一般将来时,“inthefuture” 表未来时间,体现 “未来将继续参与志愿工作” 的规划,
符合单元中 “对志愿行动的长期展望” 语境)。
6.A(and 表并列关系,与前文 “notonly” 搭配,体现 “志愿工作既帮助他人,也让自身生
活更有意义”,符合单元中 “志愿服务兼具利他与自我成长价值” 的内容)。
7.D(helpdoingsth 为固定用法,表 “帮忙做某事”,此处 “helpsortingthedonatedclothes”
对应志愿者整理捐赠衣物的工作场景,符合单元中对志愿具体任务的表述)。
8.A(important 意为 “重要的”,结合老人 “因帮助减少孤独感” 的反馈,体现对志愿工作价
值的认知,符合单元中 “志愿者感悟志愿意义” 的核心内容)。
9.A(if 引导条件状语从句,表 “如果更多人加入志愿队伍,就能帮助更多困难人群”,符合
单元中 “呼吁他人参与志愿工作” 的逻辑)。
10.A(情态动词 “can” 后接动词原形,“encourage” 表 “鼓励”,体现 “志愿工作传递正能量,
带动更多人关爱他人”,符合单元中 “志愿精神传递” 的主题)。
(三)语法填空
1. havebeen(现在完成时,“for sixmonths” 表持续,用 “havebeen”)
2. haveloved(现在完成时,“eversince” 表持续,用 “haveloved”)
第 12 页 共 13 页2026 人教版英语八下学霸预习讲义和练习
3. exercise(一般现在时,“every weekend” 表常态,用 “exercise”)
4. play(一般现在时,“sometimes” 表常态,用 “play”)
5. taught(一般过去时,“lastweek” 表过去,用 “taught”)
6. hastaught(现在完成时,“教会我很多” 是过去动作对现在的影响,用 “hastaught”)
7. havelearned(现在完成时,“学会耐心” 是持续到现在的收获,用 “havelearned”)
8. havealso made(现在完成时,“交到朋友” 是持续到现在的结果,用 “havemade”)
9. won’tstop(一般将来时否定式,“不会停止志愿工作”,用 “won’t stop”)
10.hope(一般现在时,“希望更多人加入” 是现在的想法,用 “hope”)
(四)范文
MyVolunteerExperience
I have been a volunteer at an animal shelter for five months. I joined it because I love
animals, andthisexperience hasmademylifemorecolorful.
Every Sunday morning, I help out at the shelter. My work includes cleaning the animals’
cages, feeding them, and taking small dogs for walks. Last month, I helped collect
donations—many people gave us food and toys for the animals. It was tiring but happy
whenIsawthedogswag their tailsatme.
This experience has taught me to be more responsible. I know even looking after a small
animal needs patience. I will keep volunteering because it makes a difference to the
animals’lives. I hopemorepeoplewillloveandprotectanimalswith us!
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