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2026 人教版英语八下学霸预习讲义和练习
单元讲义
Unit 6 Crossing Cultures
本单元围绕 “Crossing Cultures（跨文化交流）” 展开，核心探讨不同文化的习俗差异、跨
文化沟通技巧及文化尊重的重要性。内容涵盖三大模块：
1. 文化习俗认知：学习不同国家的日常习俗（如问候方式、餐桌礼仪、拜访礼仪），识别文化
差异（如印度用右手吃饭、法国派对迟到礼仪），掌握用英语描述习俗的表达；
2. 跨文化沟通技巧：通过 “安娜与日本学生的问候误会”“南希在法国的派对失误” 等案例，学
习避免文化冲突的方法（如提前了解习俗、尊重当地礼仪），理解 “入乡随俗（WheninRome,
doastheRomansdo）” 的原则；
3. 实践任务：设计 “对比两国习俗” 项目，引导学生分组研究中国与其他国家（如巴西、日本）
在问候、餐桌礼仪等方面的异同，用表格整理并展示，提升跨文化对比与表达能力。
本单元旨在帮助学生掌握 “谈论文化习俗与给出跨文化建议” 的英语表达，培养文化包容意
识，同时巩固连词（so...that/unless/assoonas）的用法。
1. 词汇记忆： “ 文化场景 + 对比 ” 关联记忆将核心词汇与具体文化场景绑定，并对比中外差异
（如 “greet” 关联 “中国点头 / 美国握手 / 日本鞠躬”，“manner” 关联 “中国用公筷 / 英
国刀叉 / 印度右手吃饭”），结合单元例句仿写，如：“In China, it’s proper to use serving
chopsticks,butit’suncommonin Westerncountries.”
2. 语法练习： “ 文化建议 + 句型 ” 巩固针对三大连词，围绕 “给外国友人的建议” 造句（如
“so...that：Chinese table manners are so important that you should learn them；unless：
Don’teatwithyourlefthandunlessyouwanttoberude；assoonas：Assoonasyouvisit
aChinesefamily,youwill gettea”），确保用法准确。
3. 口语表达：模拟 “ 跨文化咨询 ” 参考课本 1d、3d 的对话模板，和同学分别扮演 “外国访客”
与 “文化顾问”，用 “WhatshouldI do when...?”“Is it politeto...?” 的流程练习，如：Visitor:
What should I do when I meet a Chinese elder?Advisor: You should greet them with “Ni
Hao” politely.As soon asthey offer youa seat, you cansit down.Visitor: Is it politeto bring
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a gift?Advisor: Yes, you could bring some fruit. Unless you know their favorite, don’t bring
expensivegifts.
4. 阅读拓展：积累 “ 文化符号 ” 表达阅读单元 B 部分 “法国派对礼仪” 和 “中国文化符号” 文
本时，摘抄文化相关短语（如 “redfor luck in China”“dragonaspower”“avoid number 4 in
China”），整理成 “文化符号手册”，为写作和实践任务做准备。
（一）核心单词
1. custom/ˈkʌstəm/n. 习俗；风俗
搭配：localcustoms 当地习俗；followcustoms 遵循习俗
例句：Before visiting India, you should learn about its local customs, like greeting with
“Namaste”.
2. greet /ɡriːt/v. 问候；打招呼（名词：greeting/ˈɡriːtɪŋ/ 问候语）
搭配：greetsbwith a smile 微笑问候某人；formalgreetings 正式问候
例句：PeopleinJapanusuallygreetteachersbybowing,whileAmericansoftenshakehands.
3. manner/ˈmænə(r)/n. 方式；（ pl. ）礼仪
搭配：tablemanners 餐桌礼仪；goodmanners 有礼貌
例句：HongliwasworriedaboutEnglishtablemanners, likehowto usea knifeandfork.
4. formal/ˈfɔːml/adj. 正式的（反义词：informal /ɪnˈfɔːml/ 非正式的）
搭配：formalclothes 正式服装；formalgreetings 正式问候
例句：Bowingisa formalwaytogreetinJapan,butit’stooformalfor dailyuseintheUS.
5. embarrassed /ɪmˈbærəst/adj. 尴尬的（修饰人）； embarrassing /ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/adj. 令
人尴尬的（修饰事 / 物）
搭配：feelembarrassed 感到尴尬；anembarrassingmistake 令人尴尬的错误
例句：Nancy felt embarrassed when she arrived early at the French party—she didn’t know
it’s impolite.
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6. confused /kənˈfjuːzd/adj. 困惑的（修饰人）； confusing /kənˈfjuːzɪŋ/adj. 令人困惑的
（修饰事 / 物）
搭配：beconfusedabout 对…… 困惑；confusingrules 令人困惑的规则
例句：Ji-Hoon was confused when Marie kissed his cheek—this greeting is uncommon in
Korea.
7. proper/ˈprɒpə(r)/adj. 恰当的；正确的
搭配：properway 恰当的方式；propermanners 得体的礼仪
例句：Youshouldusetheproper handto eatin India—onlytheright handisacceptable.
8. private/ˈpraɪvət/adj. 私人的；不喜欢谈论私事的
搭配：privatequestions 私人问题；keepsthprivate 保密某事
例句：Frenchpeoplearequiteprivate—theydon’tliketalkingabouttheir ageor income.
9. occasion/əˈkeɪʒn/n. 场合；重大活动
搭配：formaloccasion 正式场合；dressfortheoccasion 根据场合着装
例句：At the French party, everyone dressed nicely for the occasion, so Nancy’s shorts felt
silly.
10.receive/rɪˈsiːv/v. 收到；接纳
搭配：receivea gift 收到礼物；receiveguests 接待客人
例句：Whenvisiting a Chinesefamily,youwillreceivea cupofteaasa politegesture.
11.impression/ɪmˈpreʃn/n. 印象
搭配：first impression 第一印象；givea goodimpression 留下好印象
例句：Tina wasworriedaboutmakinga badimpressionwhen stayingwiththeZhao family.
12.cultural/ˈkʌltʃərəl/adj. 与文化有关的
搭配：culturaldifferences 文化差异；culturalsymbols 文化符号
例句：Understanding cultural differences helps avoid misunderstandings in cross-cultural
communication.
13.rude/ruːd/adj. 粗鲁的
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搭配：berudetosb 对某人粗鲁；rudebehavior 粗鲁行为
例句：It’srudetopointatpeopleinmanycultures, soyoushouldavoiddoingit.
14.uncommon/ʌnˈkɒmən/adj. 罕见的；不寻常的
搭配：uncommoncustom 罕见的习俗；uncommongreeting 不寻常的问候
例句：Kissing cheeksiscommoninFrancebutuncommoninKorea.
15.congratulate/kənˈɡrætʃuleɪt/v. 祝贺
搭配：congratulatesbonsth 因某事祝贺某人
例句：Peopleusually congratulateothers onweddingsor birthdaysinmostcultures.
（二）重点短语
1. shakehands 握手
例句：Americansoftenshakehandswhenthey meetfor thefirst time.
2. tablemanners 餐桌礼仪
例句：Before eating in the UK, you should learn basic table manners, like using a knife and
forkcorrectly.
3. assoon as 一 …… 就 ……
搭配：assoonassbarrives 某人一到达就……
例句：In Japan, peoplebowassoonastheymeettheir teachers.
4. so...that 如此 …… 以至于 ……
例句：English table manners are so confusing that Hongli was worried about making
mistakes.
5. unless 如果不；除非
例句：Don’taskpersonalquestionsinFrance unlessyouknowthepersonwell.
6. dressfor the occasion 根据场合着装
例句：Nancylearnedtodressfortheoccasionafter wearingshortstoaformalFrenchparty.
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7. first impression 第一印象
例句：First impressions are so important that you should be careful with your behavior in a
newculture.
8. beusedto 习惯于
搭配：beusedtodoingsth 习惯于做某事
例句：After stayinginPerufora month, thewriter gotusedto peoplestandingclose.
9. hearfrom 得到 …… 的消息
例句：It wasgreatforNancytohear fromDiana andshareFrenchcustomswithher.
10.Whenin Rome, doasthe Romansdo. 入乡随俗。
例 句 ： When visiting a new country, remember “When in Rome, do as the Romans
do”—followlocal customs.
（三）重点句子
1. InJapan, we bowassoon aswe meet a teacher. （在日本，我们一见到老师就鞠躬。）
解析：“assoonas” 引导时间状语从句，表 “一…… 就……”，主句和从句均用一般现在时（描
述客观习俗）；体现不同文化的问候差异，单元 1b 对话中高频用于对比文化习俗。仿写：InChina,
peopleusuallyoffer teaassoonasguestsarrive.
2. Englishtable mannersaresoconfusing thatI’malittle worried. （英国的餐桌礼仪太令
人困惑了，我有点担心。）
解析：“so...that” 引导结果状语从句，“so” 后接形容词（confusing），“that” 后接结果（worried）；
用于表达因文化差异产生的困扰，单元 3a 对话中洪丽的担忧即为此用法。仿写：Indiancustoms
areso differentthatI needto learnmorebeforevisiting.
3. Don’taskpersonalquestionsunlessyouknowthepersonquitewell. （除非你很了解对
方，否则不要问私人问题。）
解析：“unless” 引导条件状语从句，相当于 “if not”，表 “如果不……”；用于给出跨文化沟通
的建议，单元 B 部分南希分享法国习俗时提到此点。仿写：Don’tarriveearlytoaFrenchparty
unlessthehostinvitesyouto.
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4. It’s polite to greet others with “Namaste” in India. （在印度，用 “Namaste” 问候他人
是礼貌的。）
解析：“It’s+ 形容词 + todo sth” 是固定句型，“it” 作形式主语，真正主语是 “togreet...”；
用于描述某文化中 “礼貌的行为”，单元 2a 中用于介绍印度问候习俗。仿写：It’simpolitetouse
yourleft handtoeatinIndia.
（四）重点语法：连词（ ）
so...that/unless /as soon as
本单元核心语法为三大连词的用法，均用于引导状语从句，重点服务于 “描述文化差异” 和
“给出跨文化建议” 的场景：
从句
连词 含义 关键用法 例句
类型
TheFrenchpartycustoms
如 1. “so” 后接形容词
结果
wereso strangethatNancy
此…… / 副词；2. “that”
so...that
状语 mademistakes（. 法国的派对
以至 后接完整句子（表
从句 习俗太奇怪了，南希犯了错
于…… 结果）
误。）
1. 相当于 “if not”，
Youwon’tunderstandlocal
条件 如果 可替换；2. 主句常
customsunlessyouask
unless 状语 不；除 用将来时 / 情态动
locals.（除非你问当地人，否
从句 非 词，从句用一般现
则你不会理解当地习俗。）
在时
1. 主句用将来时 / Assoonasyouarrivein
时间 情态动词，从句用
Japan, youwill notice
assoon
一……
状语 一般现在时；2. 描 peoplebowingtogreet（. 你
as
就……
从句 述 “两个动作先后 一到日本，就会注意到人们
发生，间隔短” 鞠躬问候。）
语法易错点：
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“so...that” 中 “so” 后不能接名词，若接名词需用 “such...that”（如：It’s such a common
customthateveryone followsit.）；
“unless” 引导的从句不能再用 “not”，否则语义重复（如：×Don’tgounlessyoudon’tknow
thecustoms.√ Don’tgo unlessyouknowthecustoms.）；
“assoonas” 引导的从句，主语是第三人称单数时，动词需变形式（如：Assoonashearrives,
hewill shakehands.）。
（五）作文指导
写作主题： （给来访我国的建议）
Advicefor Visiting MyCountry
写作要求：
1. 针对外国友人来访中国，给出至少 3 条关于习俗的建议（如问候、餐桌礼仪、拜访礼仪）；
2. 每条建议需说明 “具体做法” 和 “背后的文化原因”，体现对本土文化的介绍；
3. 字数不少于 80 词，正确使用连词（so...that/unless/assoonas）和单元核心词汇（如 custom、
manner、greet 等）。
写作结构：
开头段：引入主题模板：IfyouplantovisitChina,it’simportanttolearnsomelocalcustoms
first.Followingthesecustomswillhelpyouavoidmisunderstandingsandmakeagoodfirst
impression.Herearesomeusefultips foryou.
中间段：具体建议（分点阐述）模板：First,aboutgreetings:Youshouldgreetotherswitha
smile and a nod. As soon as you meet elders, you can say “Ni Hao” (Hello)
politely—bowing is not necessary unless it’s a very formal occasion. Second, for table
manners:It’spolitetowaitforelderstostarteatingfirst.Youshouldusechopsticksinstead
ofaknifeandfork,andremembernottostickchopsticksintotherice—it’ssoimpolitethat
itmaymakeothersuncomfortable.Third, whenvisitinga family:You’dbetter bringa small
gift,likefruitorflowers.Thehostwillbeveryhappytoreceiveit,andtheywillofferyoutea
assoonasyouenter thehouse.
结尾段：总结与欢迎模板：These customs are not difficult to follow, and they show your
respect for Chinese culture. I believe you will have a great time in China if you remember
thesetips. Welcometo mycountry!
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（一）单项选择（ 题）
10
（ ）1.PeopleinJapan usually __________to greet teachers as soon as they meet them.
A. shakehands B. bow C.hugD. kiss cheeks
（ ）2.English tablemanners are ______confusing that many visitors feel worried at first.
A. soB. such C. too D. very
（ ）3.You shouldn’t ask French peopleabout their age _____you knowthem quitewell.
A. ifB. unless C.as soonas D. so that
（ ）4.—What’s theproper way __________ in India?—You should useyour right hand,
notyour left.
A. greet B. togreet C. eat D.to eat
（ ）5. Nancy felt __________ when she arrived early at the French party—she didn’t
knowit’s impolite.
A. embarrassed B. embarrassing C. confused D.confusing
（ ）6.Assoon as you __________aChinesefamily, the hostwill offer you acup oftea.
A. visitB. will visitC. visited D. are visiting
（ ）7.It’s rude__________at peoplein mostcultures, so you shouldavoid doingit.
A. pointB. to pointC. pointingD. pointed
（ ）8. —Is it common __________ cheeks in Korea?—No, it’s uncommon. People
usuallybowthere.
A. kissB. to kiss C.kissing D. kissed
（ ）9. The Indian custom of greeting with “Namaste” is __________ that many tourists
lovetolearn it.
A. sointeresting B. such interesting C.so interested D.such interested
（ ）10. You will make a good impression on Chinese families __________ you follow
theirbasiccustoms.
A. ifB. unless C.so that D. as soon as
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（二）完形填空（ 题）
10
If youplanto visit France, learningaboutlocalcustoms willmakeyour trip easier.Hereare
someimportanttips.
First, about party arrival time. You shouldn’t arrive early. It’s normal to be on time or a few
minuteslate.As soonasyouarrivetoo early, thehostmaystill bebusypreparing,andyou
will make them 1 __________. Nancy once arrived 10 minutes early, and she felt so
embarrassedthatshewantedtoleave.
Second, bring a small gift. You don’t need to buy expensive things—chocolates or flowers
are fine. Unless you know the host’s favorite, 2 __________ choose red flowers—they are a
symbolofloveinFrance.Yourgiftwillmakethehostfeelhappy,anditshowsyourrespect
forthem.
Third,dressfortheoccasion.Frenchpeoplecareabouttheirclothes,especiallyatparties.If
you wear casual clothes like shorts or T-shirts, others will think you are rude. It’s 3
__________importantto dressnicely thatyoushouldcheck thepartydresscodefirst.
Fourth, avoid personal questions. French people are quite private. They don’t like talking
about their age, income, or family unless they know you well. You can talk about food or
culture4__________—thesearesafetopics.
Fifth,usebasicFrenchphrases.Evensimplewordslike“bonjour”(hello) and“merci” (thank
you) go a long way in France. Locals will appreciate your effort to speak their language, 5
__________it shows yourespect their culture. I oncetried orderingcoffeein French, andthe
waiterwas muchfriendlierthanI expected.
Following these customs is not difficult, 6 __________ it’s easy to forget them if you’re not
careful.Lastyear,myfriendTomvisitedFranceandforgottobringagifttoaparty.Hetold
me he felt awkward, but the host was kind and said it was no problem. This shows that
mostFrenchpeopleareunderstanding, butit’s stillbetter to beprepared.
You might wonder 7 __________ to remember all these customs. The best way is to take
simple notes before your trip. Write down key tips like “don’t arrive early” or “avoid red
flowers”—thiswill helpyounotmissanythingimportant.
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It’s also good to know that some small mistakes are okay. No one expects you to be
perfect, but being polite and respectful will always make a good impression. For example,
if you accidentally ask a personal question, just apologize politely—most people will
forgive you quickly. Being rude, however, is never acceptable, as it will make others feel 8
__________.
In the end, learning about French customs is 9 __________ than you think. It’s all about
showing respect and being open to new cultures. If you follow these tips, your trip to
France will be more enjoyable, and you might even make some new friends. Remember:
When in Rome, do as the Romans do. This old saying tells us why cultural respect is 10
__________forany tripabroad.
（ ）1.A. comfortableB. uncomfortableC. happyD. excited
（ ）2.A. don’tB.do C. won’tD.will
（ ）3.A. so B. suchC.too D.very
（ ）4.A. insteadB.insteadof C.too D.either
（ ）5.A. becauseB.butC. soD. or
（ ）6.A. andB.butC. so D.or
（ ）7.A. whatB.how C.why D.where
（ ）8.A. politeB. impoliteC. happyD. sad
（ ）9.A. difficultB. easierC. moredifficultD.easiest
（ ）10. A. difficultB. easyC. importantD. unimportant
（三）语法填空
Visiting a new country can be exciting, but you may face cultural differences. Here is some
adviceforyou.
First, learn about local customs 1 __________ you go. As soon as you arrive, you will notice
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many new things. For example, in India, it’s rude to eat with your left hand. It’s 2
__________rudethatyoumaymakeothersangryif youdo so.
Second, be careful with greetings. In Japan, people bow as soon as they meet, but in the
US,shaking handsis morecommon. You3__________ (notmake)mistakesunlessyoulearn
thesedifferences.
Third,respecttablemanners.InChina,youshouldwaitforelderstostarteatingfirst.You4
__________ (use) serving chopsticks to take food from shared dishes. It’s so important to
followtheserulesthateveryone5__________ (appreciate)your respect.
Finally, avoid personal questions. People in many countries are private. You shouldn’t ask
abouttheir age6 __________ youknowthemwell.
Byfollowingthesetips, youwill haveagreattripandenjoycross-culturalcommunication.
（四）作文
写作任务：
以 “Advice forVisiting MyCountry” 为题，写一篇短文，给来访中国的外国友人提 3 条习
俗建议（如问候、餐桌礼仪、拜访礼仪），每条建议说明 “做法” 和 “文化原因”，字数 80-100
词，需使用连词（so...that/unless/assoonas）和单元核心词汇（如 custom、manner、greet
等）。
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（五）答案和解析
（一）单项选择
1.B（bow 鞠躬，单元 1b 中日本学生问候老师用鞠躬，选 B）
2.A（so...that 如此…… 以至于，“so” 后接形容词 confusing，选 A）
3.B（unless 除非，“除非你很了解法国人，否则不要问年龄”，选 B）
4.D（to eat 动词不定式，“在印度吃饭的正确方式”，单元中印度用右手吃饭，选 D）
5.A（embarrassed 尴尬的，修饰人 “南希感到尴尬”，选 A）
6.A（visit 一般现在时，assoonas 从句用一般现在时表将来，选 A）
7.B（to point 动词不定式，“It’s+ 形容词 + todo sth” 固定句型，选 B）
8.B（to kiss 动词不定式，“It’scommonto do sth” 固定句型，选 B）
9.A（sointeresting 如此有趣，“so” 后接形容词，修饰 “习俗” 用 interesting，选 A）
10.A（if 如果，“如果你遵循习俗，会留下好印象”，表条件，选 A）
（二）完形填空
1.B（uncomfortable 意为 “不舒服的”，结合文档中 Nancy 早到派对使主人忙碌的案例，
提前到达会干扰主人准备，让对方处于不便的状态，符合法国派对 “不早到” 的礼仪要求）。
2.A（don’t 引导否定祈使句，文档明确法国文化中红玫瑰象征爱情，除非知晓主人喜好，否
则避免选择，防止造成误解，贴合 “赠送礼物的文化禁忌” 内容）。
3.A（so 与后文 “that” 构成 “so...that...” 结构，文档强调法国派对着装需贴合场合，“着装
得体如此重要，以至于要先确认着装要求”，符合单元 “so...that 引导结果状语从句” 的语法
重点）。
4.A（instead 表 “反而”，文档指出法国人重视隐私，避免谈论私人话题，用食物、文化等
安全话题代替，符合 “跨文化沟通安全话题” 的建议）。
5.A（because 表原因，“当地人欣赏你说法语的努力，因为这体现对他们文化的尊重”，符合
文档中 “使用法语促进跨文化友好互动” 的案例）。
6.B（But 表转折，“遵循习俗不难，但不小心就容易忘记”，呼应文档中朋友 Tom 因疏忽忘
带礼物的案例，体现 “需谨慎对待习俗” 的逻辑）。
7.B（how 引导宾语从句，“你可能想知道如何记住所有习俗”，后文 “记笔记” 是具体方法，
符合单元 “跨文化沟通技巧” 的核心 —— 通过实用方法掌握习俗）。
8.D（sad 意为 “难过的”，文档强调礼貌的重要性，“粗鲁会让他人感到难过”，与 “礼貌能
留下好印象” 形成对比，贴合 “跨文化沟通中礼貌原则”）。
9.B（easier 意为 “更容易”，“了解法国习俗比你想象中更容易”，呼应前文 “遵循习俗不难”，
符合文档中 “跨文化习俗学习并非难事” 的观点）。
10.C（important 意为 “重要的”，“这句谚语告诉我们为何文化尊重对海外旅行很重要”，呼
应单元主题 “CrossingCultures” 的核心 —— 文化尊重是跨文化交流的关键）。
（三）语法填空
1. before（before 在…… 之前，“去之前了解当地习俗”，选 before）
2. so（so 如此，“so rudethat” 如此粗鲁以至于，选 so）
第 12 页 共 13 页2026 人教版英语八下学霸预习讲义和练习
3. won’tmake（willnotmake 一般将来时，unless 从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时，选 won’t
make）
4. shoulduse（shoulduse 应该使用，“应该用公筷”，表建议，选 shoulduse）
5. willappreciate（willappreciate 一般将来时，“so...that” 从句用将来时，选 willappreciate）
6. unless（unless 除非，“除非你了解他们，否则不要问年龄”，选 unless）
（四）范文：
AdviceforVisiting MyCountry
If youplantovisitChina, herearesomeimportantcustomsto remember.
First, about greetings: You should greet others with a smile and say “Ni Hao”. As soon as
you meet elders, you can nod politely—bowing is not necessary unless it’s a formal
occasion. This shows your respect for them. Second, for table manners: Wait for elders to
starteating first. Use chopsticks instead of a knife and fork, and don’t stick chopsticks into
rice—it’s so impolite that it may upset others. Third, when visiting a family: Bring a small
gift like fruit. The host will offer you tea as soon as you enter, and you should accept it to
showpoliteness.
Thesetipsareeasyto follow,andthey will helpyouhaveagreattime inChina.Welcome!
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