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2026 人教版英语八下学霸预习讲义和练习
Unit 3 Growing Up 单元讲义
本单元围绕 “Growing Up（成长）” 展开，核心探讨青少年在成长过程中的情绪管理、人际
关系处理及积极心态培养。内容涵盖三大模块：
1. 情绪识别与应对：学习描述常见情绪（如 upset/angry/lonely），分析引发情绪的场景（如
与朋友吵架、成绩压力），掌握 “表达情绪 — 寻求建议 — 解决问题” 的英语表达；
2. 人际关系处理：通过 “朋友因吉他吵架和解”“父母高期待引发压力” 等案例，学习道歉、沟
通、换位思考的方法，理解 “clear the air（尽释前嫌）”“put oneself in sb’s shoes（设身处
地）” 等实用表达；
3. 实践任务：设计 “分享与解决问题” 项目，引导学生匿名提交成长中的困扰（如社交恐惧、
学业压力），分组讨论并提供建议，提升情绪管理与互助能力。
本单元旨在帮助学生掌握 “谈论情绪与给出建议” 的英语表达，学会积极应对成长中的挑战，
同时巩固连词（although/until/so that）的用法。
1. 词汇记忆：“情绪 + 场景” 关联记忆将情绪词汇与具体场景绑定（如 “upset” 关联 “与朋
友吵架”，“lonely” 关联 “新环境没朋友”，“pressure” 关联 “父母高期待”），结合单元例句
仿写，如：“I felt lonely when I moved to a new school, but I made friends by joining the
art club.”
2. 语法练习：“句子拆分 + 仿写” 巩固针对三大连词，先在课文中找出典型句子（如 3a 中
“Although they may not show it, your parents just want you to do well”），拆分 “从句 +
主句”；再用 “朋友矛盾、学业压力” 等场景仿写，确保用法准确。
3. 口语表达：模拟 “情绪对话”参考课本 1d、3d 的对话模板，和同学分别扮演 “有情绪的人”
与 “提建议的人”，用 “Describe emotion→Ask for advice→Give solutions” 的流程练习，
如： A: I’m upset because my friend didn’t keep his promise.B: Why don’t you talk to
him? Although he forgot, he might not do it on purpose.A: What if he gets angry?B: You
can write him a note so that he can understand your feelings.
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4. 阅读拓展：积累 “情绪管理” 表达阅读单元 B 部分 “篮球比赛失误” 故事时，摘抄积极心
态相关短语（如 “look on the bright side”“pull together”“learn from mistakes”），整理成
“情绪管理手册”，为写作和实践任务做准备。
（一）核心单词
1. emotion /ɪˈməʊʃn/n. 情感；情绪
搭配：positive emotions 积极情绪；negative emotions 消极情绪
例句：Learning to manage emotions is an important part of growing up.
2. upset /ʌpˈset/adj. 难过的；沮丧的；v. 使难过
搭配：feel upset 感到沮丧；be upset about 因…… 难过
例句：Peter felt upset after fighting with his best friend Harry.
3. angry /ˈæŋɡri/adj. 生气的；愤怒的
搭配：be angry with sb 对某人生气；control anger 控制愤怒
例句：Peter was angry with Harry because there was a mark on his guitar.
4. lonely /ˈləʊnli/adj. 孤独的；寂寞的
搭配：feel lonely 感到孤独；live alone but not lonely 独居但不孤独
例句：Living alone makes some people feel lonely, so they try to make new friends.
5. shocked /ʃɒkt/adj. 震惊的
搭配：be shocked at 对…… 感到震惊；a shocked expression 震惊的表情
例句：Matt was shocked when the referee gave the other team two free throws.
6. control /kənˈtrəʊl/v. & n. 控制
搭配：control one’s anger 控制怒火；lose control 失控
例句：It’s hard to control our anger sometimes, but we should try not to say hurtful words.
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7. forgive /fəˈɡɪv/v. 原谅；宽恕（过去式：forgave；过去分词：forgiven）
搭配：forgive sb for sth 原谅某人做某事；refuse to forgive 拒绝原谅
例句：Peter forgave Harry after they talked about the guitar incident.
8. pressure /ˈpreʃə(r)/n. 压力
搭配：feel pressure 感到压力；academic pressure 学业压力
例句：Judy feels a lot of pressure because her parents compare her with her cousin.
9. apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/v. 道歉（=apologise）
搭配：apologize to sb 向某人道歉；apologize for doing sth 为做某事道歉
例句：Harry apologized to Peter for making a mark on his guitar.
10.proud /praʊd/adj. 骄傲的；自豪的
搭配：be proud of 为…… 感到骄傲；feel proud 感到自豪
例句：Tom was proud of their basketball team even though they lost the game.
11.hurtful /ˈhɜːtfl/adj. 伤感情的
搭配：hurtful words 伤人的话；a hurtful comment 伤感情的评价
例句：Peter said hurtful words to Harry when he was angry, and he felt sorry later.
12.solution /səˈluːʃn/n. 解决办法
搭配：find a solution 找到解决办法；a solution to the problem 问题的解决方案
例句：Talking to each other is a good solution to resolving conflicts between friends.
13.positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/adj. 积极的；正面的
搭配：positive attitude 积极态度；positive feedback 正面反馈
例句：Tom encouraged Matt to look on the bright side and keep a positive attitude.
14.negative /ˈneɡətɪv/adj. 消极的；负面的
搭配：negative feelings 消极情绪；negative thoughts 负面想法
例句：We should try to turn negative feelings into positive ones when facing difficulties.
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15.purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/n. 目的；意图
搭配：on purpose 故意；for the purpose of 为了…… 目的
例句：Harry didn’t make the mark on the guitar on purpose—he just was careless.
（二）重点短语
1. clear the air 尽释前嫌；消除误会
例句：Peter and Harry talked face to face to clear the air after their fight.
2. put oneself in sb’s shoes 设身处地；换位思考
例句：You won’t understand Judy’s stress until you put yourself in her shoes.
3. be hard on sb 对某人苛刻；过分严厉
例句：Judy’s parents are hard on her because they have very high standards.
4. let sb down 使某人失望
例句：Matt felt he let his team down when he made a mistake in the basketball game.
5. look on the bright side 从好的方面想；抱乐观态度
例句： Tom told Matt to look on the bright side—their team’s score was close to the best
team.
6. pull together 齐心协力；通力合作
例句：If we pull together, we can solve most problems in friendships.
7. on purpose 故意；有意地
例句：I’m sure Harry didn’t damage the guitar on purpose—he’s always careful.
8. get across 解释清楚；传达
例句：Writing a letter can help Judy get her feelings across to her parents clearly.
9. forgive sb for sth 原谅某人做某事
例句：Peter forgave Harry for the mark on the guitar because they are good friends.
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10.shut sb away 把…… 藏起来；隔离
例句：Don’t shut yourself away when you’re upset—talk to a friend or family member.
（三）重点句子
1. What’s wrong? You look worried.（怎么了？你看起来很担心。）
解析：这是识别他人情绪的常用开头，“What’s wrong?” 可替换为 “What’s the matter?”，后
接 “look + 情绪形容词”（如 worried/upset/angry），单元 1b、3a 对话中高频出现。仿写：
—What’s the matter with you? —I look upset because I failed my math test.
2. Although he was wrong, you hurt him too.（虽然他有错，但你也伤害了他。）
解析：“although” 引导让步状语从句，表 “虽然；尽管”，不能与 “but” 连用；主句需体现转
折含义，单元语法核心用法，常用于分析矛盾双方的责任。仿写：Although Judy’s parents love
her, they put too much pressure on her.
3. You won’t know how he feels until you talk to him.（直到你和他谈话，你才会知道他
的感受。）
解析：“until” 引导时间状语从句，表 “直到…… 才”，主句常用 “won’t”（一般将来时），从
句用一般现在时；体现 “沟通才能理解” 的单元主题。仿写：You won’t understand the
problem until you listen to both sides.
4. Write them a letter so that you can get your message across clearly.（给他们写封信，
这样你就能清楚地传达你的想法。）
解析：“so that” 引导目的状语从句，表 “为了；以便”，从句常含 “can/could/will” 等情态动
词；用于提出解决沟通问题的方法，单元 3a 中莉莉给朱迪的建议即为此用法。仿写：Talk to your
parents calmly so that they can understand your stress.
（四）重点语法：连词（although/until/so that）
本单元核心语法为三大连词的用法，均用于引导状语从句，具体区别如下：
从句
连词 含义 关键用法 例句
类型
although 让步 虽 1. 不能与 “but” 连 Although Peter was angry,
he
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从句
连词 含义 关键用法 例句
类型
状语 然； 用；2. 从句与主句 still wanted to be friends
从句 尽管 语义相反 with Harry（. 虽然彼得很生
气，但他仍想和哈利做朋
友。）
1. 主句常用
时间 直
“won’t”（表 “直
Judy won’t talk to her
until 状语 到…
到…… 才”）；2. 从
从句 parents until she feels less
… 才 句用一般现在时表
stressed.（直到朱迪感觉压力
将来
小一些，她才会和父母谈话。）
目的
为 1. 从句表 “做某事
Tom encouraged Matt to
状语
so that 了；
的目的”；2. 从句常
look on the bright side so
从句
以便
含 “can/could/will”
that he would feel better.
（汤姆鼓励马特往好的方面
想，以便他能感觉好一些。）
语法易错点：
“although” 与 “but” 不可同时使用，如：（×）Although it rained, but we still went out.
（√） Although it rained, we still went out.
“until” 引导的从句，主句若为肯定句，表 “动作持续到…… 为止”；若为否定句，表 “直到……
才开始动作”，如：
He waited until his friend arrived.（他一直等到朋友来。）
He didn’t leave until his friend arrived.（直到朋友来，他才离开。）
（五）作文指导
写作主题：A Problem I Solved in Growing Up（我在成长中解决的一个问题）
写作要求：
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1. 说明成长中遇到的一个具体问题（如与朋友吵架、学业压力、社交恐惧）；
2. 描述问题引发的情绪及解决过程（如沟通、寻求建议、自我调节）；
3. 字数不少于 80 词，正确使用连词（although/until/so that）和单元核心词汇（如 upset、
apologize、pressure 等）。
写作结构：
开头段：提出问题与情绪模板：Last term, I met a problem in my growing up—I
（问题，如 “fought with my best friend Lucy”“felt stressed about my English grades”）. I felt
（情绪，如 “upset and lonely”“worried and nervous”）because （问题
带来的影响，如 “we didn’t talk for a week”“I couldn’t sleep well”）.
中间段：解决过程模板：At first, I （初期做法，如 “didn’t know how to fix
it”“tried to study harder but failed”）. Then, （转折点，如 “my teacher advised
me to talk to Lucy”“I wrote a letter to my parents”）. I （具体行动，如 “called
Lucy and apologized for my hurtful words”“shared my pressure with my parents” ） .
Although
（遇到的困难，如 “it was hard to say sorry at first”“my parents were busy, they
listened carefully”）, I kept trying. Until （关键节点，如 “Lucy said she forgave
me”“we found a way to balance study and rest”）, I finally felt relaxed.
结尾段： 收获与感悟模板： This experience taught me that （ 感 悟 ，
如 “communication is key to solving friendship problems”“it’s OK to ask for help when
stressed”）. Now, I know how to （ 成长收获，如 “manage my emotions”“deal
with pressure”）. Growing up isn’t easy, but solving problems makes me stronger.
（一）单项选择（10 题）
（ ）1. —You look . What’s wrong?
—I had a fight with my best friend yesterday.
A. upset B. proud C. excited D. positive
（ ）2. Peter didn’t talk to Harry they had a conversation to clear the air.
A. although B. until C. so that D. if
（ ）3. Judy’s parents have high standards, they really love her and want her
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to be happy.
A. Until B. So that C. Although D. Because
（ ）4. Tom encouraged Matt to look on the bright side he would feel better
after losing the game.
A. so that B. until C. although D. if
（ ）5. We should our anger when we’re upset, or we might say hurtful words.
A. control B. show C. express D. share
（ ）6. Judy wrote a letter to her parents she could get her feelings across clearly.
A. although B. until C. so that D. if
（ ） 7. —Why did Peter apologize to Harry?—Because he said words to
Harry when he was angry.
A. proud B. hurtful C. lonely D. positive
（ ）8. You won’t understand how your friend feels you put yourself in his shoes.
A. if B. although C. so that D. until
（ ）9. Matt felt he his team down when he made a mistake in the basketball game.
A. let B. took C. put D. turned
（ ）10. Growing up means learning to with negative emotions like sadness
and anger.
A. deal B. play C. talk D. share
（二）完形填空（10 题）
Last year, I had a big fight with my best friend, Lisa. She borrowed my favorite storybook
but returned it with a torn page. I was so 1 that I shouted at her and said I didn’t
want to be her friend anymore. Lisa cried and left, and we didn’t talk for two weeks.
During those two weeks, I felt very 2 . I missed playing and talking with Lisa, but I
was too proud to apologize first. My mom noticed my sadness and advised me to 3
Lisa’s feelings—she might not have torn the book on purpose. She also told me
to write Lisa a letter 4 I could explain my feelings clearly.
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I took my mom’s advice. In the letter, I said I was sorry for shouting at her, and I
understood she might have been careless. I also wrote that our friendship was more
important than a book. The next day, Lisa came to me with a smile. She said she was sorry
too and had repaired the book. We talked for a long time and 5 the air.
6__________we had a fight, this experience made our friendship stronger. I learned that 7
you have a conflict with a friend, you should talk to each other instead of
shutting yourself away. You won’t know each other’s true feelings 8 you
communicate. Also, it’s important to 9 and forgive—everyone makes mistakes.
Now, Lisa and I are still best friends. When we have problems, we always talk calmly.
Growing up teaches us many things, and learning to manage emotions and keep
friendships is one of the most 10 lessons.
（ ）1. A. happy B. angry C. proud D. lonely
（ ）2. A. upset B. excited C. proud D. positive
（ ）3. A. look after B. think about C. laugh at D. worry about
（ ）4. A. although B. until C. so that D. if
（ ）5. A. cleared B. cleaned C. opened D. closed
（ ）6. A. Until B. Although C. So that D. If
（ ）7. A. when B. until C. although D. so that
（ ）8. A. if B. until C. although D. so that
（ ）9. A. shout B. fight C. apologize D. cry
（ ）10. A. useless B. important C. difficult D. easy
（三）语法填空
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Growing up is not always easy. We may face conflicts with friends or feel stressed about
school. But learning to deal with these problems helps us grow.
If you 1 （ fight）with a friend, don’t be angry for too long. 2 （ although）
you think you’re right, try to put yourself in his or her shoes. You won’t know why your
friend did that 3 you talk to him or her. You can write a note so that you 4
（explain）your feelings clearly.
If you feel stressed about your grades, talk to your parents or teachers. They can give you
advice to help you. You should also learn to relax—do sports or listen to music 5
（so that）you can reduce pressure. Remember, it’s OK to make mistakes. The key is to
learn from them 6 （so that）you won’t repeat them.
（四）作文
写作任务：
以 “A Problem I Solved in Growing Up” 为题，写一篇短文，讲述你在成长中解决的一个问
题（如与朋友吵架、学业压力），包含 “问题描述 — 解决过程 — 成长感悟”，字数 80-
100词，需使用连词（although/until/so that）和单元核心词汇（如 upset、apologize、
pressure等）。
（五）答案和解析
（一）单项选择
1. A（upset 难过的，由 “和朋友吵架” 可知是 “难过的”，单元 1b 中 Peter 吵架后 “felt
upset”，选 A）
2.B（until 直到…… 才，“直到他们沟通消除误会，彼得才和哈利说话”，符合 “until 表动作
截止” 的用法，选 B）
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3.C（although 虽然，“虽然朱迪的父母标准高，但他们爱她”，表让步，单元 3a 对话中出
现类似用法，选 C）
4.A（so that 为了，“鼓励马特往好的方面想，以便他感觉好一些”，表目的，选 A）
5.A（control 控制，“难过时控制愤怒，避免说伤人的话”，单元 22 中 “control anger” 是
核心表达，选 A）
6.C（so that 以便，“写信是为了清楚传达感受”，表目的，单元 3a 中莉莉给朱迪的建议即
为此用法，选 C）
7.B（hurtful 伤感情的，“彼得对哈利说伤人的话，所以道歉”，单元 22 中 “hurtful words”
是固定搭配，选 B）
8.D（until 直到…… 才，“直到设身处地，你才会理解朋友的感受”，符合 “until 表条件” 的
用法，选 D）
9.A（let down 使失望，“马特觉得自己让团队失望”，单元 26 中 “let everybody down”
是固定短语，选 A）
10.A（deal with 处理，“成长意味着学会处理消极情绪”，单元 21 中 “deal with emotions”
是核心表达，选 A）
（二）完形填空
1.B（angry 生气的，“书被撕坏，所以生气”，符合 “朋友矛盾引发的情绪”，选 B）
2.A（upset 沮丧的，“两周不说话，所以感到沮丧”，单元 1b 中 “fight 后 feel upset”，选
A）
3.B（think about 考虑，“妈妈建议考虑莉萨的感受”，即 “put oneself in sb’s shoes”，选 B）
4.C（so that 以便，“写信是为了清楚解释感受”，表目的，选 C）
5.A（cleared the air 尽释前嫌，单元 23 中 “clear the air” 是固定短语，选 A）
6.B（although 虽然，“虽然吵架，但这段经历让友谊更牢固”，表让步，选 B）
7.A（when 当…… 时，“当和朋友有矛盾时，要沟通”，引导时间状语从句，选 A）
8.B（until 直到…… 才，“直到沟通，才会知道彼此的真实感受”，选 B）
9.C（apologize 道歉，“道歉和原谅很重要”，单元 23 中 “apologize and forgive” 是核心
行为，选 C）
10.B（important 重要的，“学习管理情绪和维护友谊是重要的一课”，符合单元 “成长” 主
题，选 B）
（三）语法填空
1. fight（if 引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时表将来，“如果你和朋友吵架”，选 fight）
2. Although（although 虽然，“虽然你认为自己是对的，也要换位思考”，表让步，句首首字
母大写）
3. until（until 直到…… 才，“直到和他 / 她谈话，你才会知道原因”，选 until）
4. can explain（so that 引导目的从句，“以便你能清楚解释感受”，用 can explain）
5. so that（so that 为了，“做运动或听音乐是为了减压”，表目的，选 so that）
6. so that（so that 以便，“从错误中学习，以便不再重复”，表目的，选 so that）
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（四）范文：
A Problem I Solved in Growing Up
Last term, I had a problem with my English grades. I failed a test, and I felt worried and
stressed because my parents expected a lot from me. I even didn’t want to go to English
class.
At first, I tried to study harder but still didn’t improve. Then, my English teacher noticed
and talked to me. She advised me to make a study plan so that I could learn step by step.
Although it was hard to stick to the plan at first, I kept trying. I also asked my deskmate for
help when I didn’t understand. Until I got a B in the next test, I finally felt relaxed.
This experience taught me that facing problems is better than running away. Now, I know
how to deal with study pressure. Growing up means learning to solve problems, and every
problem makes me stronger.
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