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2026 人教版英语八下学霸预习讲义和练习
Unit 1 Time to Relax 单元讲义
本单元围绕 “Time to Relax（休闲时光）” 展开，核心探讨业余活动的重要性及对生活的积
极影响。内容涵盖三大模块：
1. 日常交流：谈论业余活动（如书法、滑雪、编程
等）、分享爱好选择的原因，以及克服活动
中遇到的挑战（如害怕游泳、滑冰困难）；
2. 文本阅读：通过介绍两位青少年的特色爱好（意
大利男孩制作手机应用、印度女孩收集明信
片），分析爱好在放松身心、学习技能、连接世界等方面的作用；
3. 实践任务：设计 “流行业余活动调查” 项目，引
导学生用英语收集、整理并展示数据，同时
运用单元语法和词汇完成写作与表达。
本单元旨在帮助学生掌握 “谈论爱好” 的英语表达，理解业余活动对身心健康的意义，同时
巩固动词不定式的用法。
1. 词汇记忆：结合 “文本场景 + 例句”将单词与单
元文本中的具体场景绑定（如 “calligraphy”
对应 Yaming 练习书法的场景，“postcard” 对应 Maya 收集明信片的场景），同时仿写单
元例句，如用 “stress” 造句：“Playing the guitar helps me reduce stress after school.”。
2. 语法练习：从 “识别” 到 “运用”先在课文中划出
所有动词不定式句子（如 1d 对话、2b 阅
读），标注 “作目的状语” 或 “作宾语补足语”；再用单元核心动词（如 tell, encourage, relax）
造句，确保掌握两种用法 。
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3. 口语表达：模拟 “爱好对话”结合课本 1d 的对
话模板，和同学互相提问：“What do you do
in your free time?”“Why do you like it?”，用 “to relax”“to express feelings” 等不定式短语回
答，如：“I like doing calligraphy to calm myself down.”。
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4. 阅读拓展：积累 “爱好相关表达”阅读单元 B 部
分文本时，摘抄描述爱好好处的句子（如
“Hobbies help reduce stress”“It gives a sense of achievement”），为写作积累素材。
（一）核心单词
1. calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/n. 书法
搭配：do calligraphy 练习书法；learn calligraphy 学习书法
例句：Yaming does calligraphy every evening to relax, and he even writes poems by Li Bai in
calligraphy.
2. ski /skiː/v. 滑雪；n. 滑雪板
搭配：go skiing 去滑雪；ski on the snow 在雪上滑雪
例句：Some students in our class like to go skiing during winter holidays to get exercise.
3. program /ˈprəʊɡræm/v. 编写程序；n. 程
序；节目
搭配：program apps 编写应用程序；a computer program 电脑程序
例句：Teng Fei likes programming and hopes to create an app that helps people study
English.
4. instructor /ɪnˈstrʌktə(r)/n. 教练；指导者
搭配：a skiing instructor 滑雪教练；a calligraphy instructor 书法指导
例句：Emma’s ice skating instructor told her not to give up easily when she fell many times.
5. fear /fɪə(r)/n. & v. 害怕；担忧
搭配：overcome fear 克服恐惧；fear of heights 恐高
例句：Fu Xing used to have a fear of water, but she started swimming to get over it.
6. poem /ˈpəʊɪm/n. 诗
搭配：write a poem 写诗；read a poem aloud 朗读诗歌
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例句：Yaming is writing a poem by Li Bai in calligraphy, and Peter is interested in learning
how to write one.
7. stroke /strəʊk/n. 笔画；击球
搭配：single strokes 单个笔画；a brush stroke 毛笔笔画
例句：When Yaming started doing calligraphy, he spent hours practicing single strokes to
make his writing neat.
8. ink /ɪŋk/n. 墨水
搭配：ink for calligraphy 书法墨水；black ink 黑墨水
例句：Yaming likes the smell of ink when he does calligraphy—it makes him feel calm.
9. stress /stres/n. 精神压力；紧张；v. 强调
搭配：reduce stress 缓解压力；stress from study 学习压力
例句：Painting helps Helen reduce stress after a busy school day by letting her express her
feelings.
10. achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/n. 成就
搭配：a sense of achievement 成就感；great achievements 重大成就
例句：Luca feels a strong sense of achievement when he sees people using the app he
created.
11. postcard /ˈpəʊstkɑːd/n. 明信片
搭配：collect postcards 收集明信片；send a postcard 寄明信片
例句：Maya has collected over 100 postcards from 32 countries, and her first one is of the
Mogao Caves in Dunhuang.
12. teenage /ˈtiːneɪdʒ/adj. 青少年的
搭配：teenage hobbies 青少年爱好；a teenage boy 一个十几岁的男孩
例 句 ： The text introduces two teenage hobbies—Luca’s app-making and Maya’s
postcard-collecting.
13. foreign /ˈfɒrən/adj. 外国的；国外的
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搭配：foreign countries 外国；foreign cultures 外国文化
例句：Maya learns about foreign places and cultures from the postcards she collects.
14. failure /ˈfeɪljə(r)/n. 失败
搭配：fear of failure 害怕失败；learn from failure 从失败中学习
例句：The instructor told Emma not to be afraid of failure—everyone falls when learning to
ice skate.
15. suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/n. 建议；提议
搭配：give a suggestion 提建议；follow a suggestion 听从建议
例句：When B wanted to take up a hobby, A gave a suggestion to try painting.
（二）重点短语
1. take up 开始学习；培养（爱好）
例句：I want to take up calligraphy because Yaming’s work looks so beautiful.
2. get over 克服（困难、恐惧）
例句：Fu Xing got over her fear of water by practicing swimming every weekend.
3. give up 放弃
搭配：give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
例句：Peter’s dad encourages him not to give up playing the guitar, even when it’s difficult.
4. in return 作为回报
例句：Yaming will teach Peter to write a poem in calligraphy, and Peter will teach Yaming to
play the guitar in return.
5. a sense of achievement 成就感
例句：Winning the calligraphy competition gave Yaming a strong sense of achievement.
6. dream of 梦想；渴望
例句：Maya dreams of traveling to all the foreign places shown on her postcards.
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7. deal with 处理；应对
例句：Hobbies like reading help us deal with stress after a long day of study.
8. once in a while 偶尔地；间或
例句：Even though I’m busy with study, I still play the flute once in a while to relax .
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9. go on an outing 出外游玩；远足
例句：My family and I go on an outing every Sunday to enjoy fresh air and do some
hiking .
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10. give it a go 试一试某事
例句：Helen saw her mother paint when she was young and decided to give it a go.
（三）重点句子
1. Why do you do it? I do it to relax.
为什么做这件事？我做它是为了放松。）
解析：“to relax” 是动词不定式作目的状语，说明 “做某事的目的”，高频用于回答 “why” 引
导的提问，单元 1d 对话中多次使用此结构。仿写：—Why do you practice calligraphy? —I
practice calligraphy to calm myself down.
2. The first step is always the hardest.（万事开
头难。）
解析：本句是单元核心谚语，Yaming 用它鼓励 Peter 坚持学吉他，可用于口语交流或写作
中鼓励他人克服困难。
例 句 ： Learning to program is not easy, but remember: the first step is always the
hardest—Luca spent months learning the basics.
3. It gives me such a sense of achievement to
see people using the app.（看到人们使用这
个应用，我感到非常有成就感。）
解析：“It” 作形式主语，真正主语是 “to see people using the app”，避免句子头重脚
轻；“such
a + 名词” 表 “如此…… 的……”，Luca 用此句表达自己的感受 。仿写：It gives me such a
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happy
feeling to receive postcards from my pen pals.
4. Although it was difficult at first, I didn’t give
up.（虽然一开始很难，但我没有放弃。）第 5 页 共 12 页2026 人教版英语八下学霸预习讲义和练习
解析：“although” 引导让步状语从句，不能与 “but” 连用；主句体现转折含义，如单元中
Yaming 坚持练习书法、Fu Xing 克服怕水的经历 。仿写：Although collecting postcards is
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time-consuming, Maya didn’t give up because she loves learning about foreign places.
（四）重点语法：动词不定式（Infinitives）
本单元核心语法为 “动词不定式（to + 动词原形）”，主要掌握两种用法：
1. 作目的状语（表 “做某事的目的”）
结构：主句 + to do sth.
标志：常与 “help, go, come, take” 等动词连
大量出现此用法。 用，回答 “why” 引导的提问，单元 1b、1d 中
例句：
skate.
Helen paints to express her feelings and reduce stress.
（海伦画画是为了表达情感和缓解压力。）
2. 作宾语补足语（补充说明宾语的动作）
结构：主语 + 动词（tell, ask, encourage, want
sth.） 等）+ 宾语 + to do sth.（否定式：not to do
常见动词：tell（告诉）、ask（要求）、
话中 “instructor told Emma not to give up” 就en是co典ur型ag用e（ 法 鼓励 。 ）、want（想要），单元 2b
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例句：The instructor told Emma not to give up
so easily.（教练告诉艾玛不要轻易放弃。）
My parents encourage me to take up a new hobby like calligraphy.
（父母鼓励我培养书法这样的新爱好。）
语法易错点：
有些动词后接不定式时 “不带 to”，如 “let,
calligraphy.（让我帮你练习书法。） make, see, hear”，例如：Let me help you
不定式作主语时，常用 “it” 作形式主语，避免
（收集明信片很有趣。）（不用 To collect po 头 st 重 ca 脚 rd 轻 s i ， s f 例 un 如 .） ：It’s fun to collect postcards.
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（五）作文指导
写作主题：My Favourite Hobby（我最喜欢的爱好）
写作要求：
1. 说明爱好是什么、何时开始、如何进行；
2. 阐述爱好带来的好处（如放松、学技能、交
朋友）；
3.
2.
achievement 等）。
写作结构：
1. 开头段：点明爱好名称 + 开始的时间 / 契机模
板：My favourite hobby is __________（如
calligraphy/collecting postcards）. I started it when I was __________ years old. At that time,
__________（如 “my friend showed me his calligraphy work”“my dad sent me a postcard
from Dunhuang”）, and I soon fell in love with it.
2. 中间段：描述爱好的具体做法 + 带来的好处模
板：Every __________（如 weekend/evening）,
I （如 “practice calligraphy for 30 minutes”“organize my postcards and learn about the
places on them”）. This hobby helps me a lot: first, it helps me relax after study—（如 “the
smell of ink makes me calm”“I forget stress when looking at beautiful foreign landscapes”）;
second, it teaches me __________（如 “patience by practicing single strokes”“about foreign
cultures”）; what’s more, __________（如 “it lets me make friends with people who like
calligraphy”“I received postcards from pen pals”）.
3. 结尾段：总结对爱好的感受 + 未来计划模板：
In a word, my hobby is more than just an
activity. It gives me a sense of achievement and makes my life colorful. I will keep doing it,
and I hope to __________（如 “learn to write poems in calligraphy”“collect postcards from
more countries”）.
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（一）单项选择（10 题）
（ ）1. Yaming spends an hour _______ calligraphy every evening because it helps him
________ after study.
A. do; relax B. doing; relax C. do; relaxed D. doing; relaxed
（ ）2. —Why did Fu Xing start swimming?—_________ get over her fear of water.
A. To B. For C. With D. In
（ ）3. The ice skating instructor encouraged Emma _______ up whenever she fell down.
A. stand B. standing C. to stand D. stood
（ ）4. Although practicing single strokes is boring, Yaming __________ give up because
he wants to improve his calligraphy.
A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
（ ）5. It _______ Maya five years to collect over 100 postcards from different countries.
A. spends B. takes C. costs D. pays
（ ）6. Luca feels a strong sense of __________ when he sees people using the app he
programmed.
A. achievement B. stress C. fear D. failure
（ ）7. —Have you ever __________ a poem in calligraphy?—No, but Yaming promised
to teach me how to do it.
A. write B. wrote C. writing D. written
（ ）8. The smell of ________ makes Yaming feel calm when he does calligraphy every
evening.
A. ink B. postcard C. stroke D. program
（ ）9. Collecting postcards helps Maya learn about __________ cultures and beautiful
places around the world.
A. foreign B. teenage C. strict D. old-fashioned
（ ）10. Peter likes playing the guitar, and he often practices it _______ he has free time.
A. when B. since C. for D. until
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（二）完形填空（10 题）
Hobbies make our life more colorful. My favourite hobby is collecting postcards. I started it
when I was six. My uncle sent me a postcard from Beijing, and I was interested in the
beautiful Great Wall on it—so I decided to 1 __________ this hobby.
At first, it was not easy to find postcards. I asked my friends and family to send me
postcards when they traveled. Now I have over 80 postcards from 20 countries. Every
Sunday morning, I 2 __________ my postcards and stick new ones in my album. I also look
up the places on the postcards online to learn about their history and culture.
Collecting postcards helps me a lot. First, it helps me 3 __________ stress from study—I
forget all my homework when I look at the colorful pictures. Second, it teaches me about 4
__________ places, like the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang and the Eiffel Tower in France. Last
month, I showed my postcards to my class. My classmates asked many questions, and I
even made a new friend who also likes collecting postcards. It gave me a strong 5
__________ of achievement.
Sometimes, I meet challenges with this hobby. For example, I once wanted a postcard from
Japan, but no one I knew had been there. I felt a little upset, 6 ________ I didn’t give up. I
searched online and found a pen pal in Tokyo. I sent her a postcard of my city, and she
sent one back in return. This experience taught me 7 _______ to solve problems on my own.
My parents 8 _________ support my hobby. They often take me to postcard fairs on
weekends, where I can buy rare postcards and talk to other collectors. I’ve learned that
collecting postcards is not 9 _________—it takes time and patience—but it’s always worth it.
I love collecting postcards. It’s not just a hobby—it’s a way to learn about the world. I will
keep doing it and hope 10 __________ more friends who share this interest.
（ ）1. A. take up B. give up C. get over D. deal with
（ ）2. A. organize B. find C. buy D. sell
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（ ）3. A. increase B. reduce C. create D. feel
（ ）4. A. local B. small C. foreign D. nearby
（ ）5. A. sense B. feeling C. thought D. idea
（ ）6. A. And B. But C. So D. Or
（ ）7. A. what B. how C. when D. where
（ ）8. A. too B. also C. either D. neither
（ ）9. A. difficult B. boring C. interesting D. easy
（ ）10. A. make B. making C. to make D. made
（三）语法填空
Hobbies are important for teenagers. They help us 1 __________（relax）and learn new skills.
I like doing calligraphy. I started it when I was seven. My grandma taught me to write
simple characters, and I soon wanted 2 __________（learn）more.
Every evening, I practice calligraphy for 30 minutes. I use black ink and a brush, and I focus
on single 3 __________（stroke）to make my writing neat. At first, I was scared of 4 __________
（fail）, but grandma encouraged me not to give up. Now, calligraphy helps me reduce
stress after study—it makes me 5 __________（feel）calm.
Last month, I joined a calligraphy competition. I didn’t win first prize, but I still felt happy. It
gave me a sense of 6 __________（achieve）. I believe this hobby will always be part of my life.
（四）作文
写作任务：
以 “My Favourite Hobby” 为题，写一篇短文，介绍你最喜欢的爱好，包括：1. 爱好是什么
及开始的契机；2. 你如何进行这个爱好；3. 它给你带来的好处。字数 80-100 词，需使用
单元核心词汇（如 calligraphy, ink, stress 等）。
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（五）答案和解析
（一）单项选择
1. B（like doing sth. 喜欢做某事，单元 1a 中 “like programming” 用 doing 形式；help sb.
do sth. 帮助某人做某事，选 B）
2. A（不定式 to do 表目的，回答 why 提问，对应单元 1d “用不定式说明爱好目的” 的用
法，选 A）
3. C（encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事，单元 2b 中教练鼓励艾玛用此结构，选 C）
4. A（shouldn’t 不应该，符合单元 “坚持爱好不放弃” 的语境，选 A）
5. B（It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 固定句型，单元未直接出现但符合语法逻辑，选 B）
6. A（a sense of achievement 成就感，单元中 Luca 提到此短语，选 A）
7. D（have ever + 过去分词，现在完成时结构，单元阅读中 “have read” 用此用法，选 D）
8. A（ink 墨水，单元中 Yaming 提到 “the smell of ink”，选 A）
9. A（foreign 外国的，单元中 Maya 通过明信片了解 “foreign places”，选 A）
10. A（when 当…… 时，引导时间状语从句，符合 “有时间就练吉他” 的语境，选 A）
（二）完形填空
1.A（take up 意为 “开始培养（爱好）”，结合语境 “决定开始收集明信片的爱好”）。
2.A（organize 意为 “整理”，对应 “每周日早上整理明信片并放入相册” 的日常动作）。
3.B（reduce 意为 “减少”，“减少学习压力” 与单元 “爱好帮助放松” 的核心观点一致，如文
档中 “reading or listening to music can help us calm down” 的表述）。
4.C（foreign 意为 “外国的”，后文 “法国埃菲尔铁塔” 是外国景点）。
5.A（a sense of achievement 是固定搭配，意为 “成就感”，）。
6.B（But 表转折，“感到沮丧但不放弃”，体现单元 “克服爱好中的困难” 的逻辑）。
7.B（how 引导宾语从句，表 “如何独自解决问题”）。
8.B（also 用于句中，表 “也”，“父母也支持我的爱好”）。
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9.D（easy 意为 “容易的”，“收集明信片不容易” 与后文 “需要时间和耐心” 呼应）。
10.C（hope to do sth 是固定用法，表 “希望结交更多朋友”）。
（三）语法填空
1. relax
语法明确此用法）
2.
1.
构）
3. strokes（stroke 为可数名词，single strokes 单
个笔画，单元 89 中提到 “single strokes”）
4.
failing
5. 事，
6. feel
带
（四）作文范文
范文：
My Favourite Hobby
My favourite hobby is doing calligraphy. I started it when I was seven. My grandma taught
me to write simple Chinese characters, and I was attracted by the beautiful strokes, so I
soon fell in love with it.
Now I practice calligraphy for 30 minutes every evening. I use black ink and a brush, and I
spend time on single strokes to make my writing neat. When I write, the smell of ink makes
me calm, and I forget all stress from study. Last month, I showed my work to my class, and
my teacher praised me. It gave me a strong sense of achievement.
I love calligraphy because it relaxes me and teaches me patience. I will keep practicing it
and hope to write poems in calligraphy one day.
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