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2026 人教版英语八下单元知识清单
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 单元知识清单
一、重点单词
单词 音标 词性 中文含义
wonder /ˈwʌndə(r)/ n. 奇观;奇迹
measurement /ˈmeʒəmənt/ n. 测量;度量
surface /ˈsɜːfɪs/ n. 表面;表层
depth /depθ/ n. 深度;纵深
dive /daɪv/ v./n. 潜水;下潜
research /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ v./n. 研究;调查
climber /ˈklaɪmə(r)/ n. 登山者;攀登者
survive /səˈvaɪv/ v. 存活;艰难度过
determined /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ adj. 有决心的;坚决的
risk /rɪsk/ v./n. 冒险;风险
explorer /ɪkˈsplɔːrə(r)/ n. 探险者;勘探者
located /ləʊˈkeɪtɪd/ adj. 位于;坐落在
freshwater /ˈfreʃwɔːtə(r)/ adj. 淡水的
attract /əˈtrækt/ v. 吸引;引起
underwater /ˌʌndəˈwɔːtə(r)/ adj. 水下的
coral /ˈkɒrəl/ n. 珊瑚
turtle /ˈtɜːtl/ n. 海龟
cubic /ˈkjuːbɪk/ adj. 立方的
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二、词形变化
1. deep(adj. 深的)→depth(n. 深度);deeply(adv. 深刻地)
2. high(adj. 高的)→height(n. 高度)
3. wide(adj. 宽的;广泛地)→width(n. 宽度)
4. long(adj. 长的)→length(n. 长度)
5. measure(v. 测量)→measurement(n. 测量结果);measured(adj. 测量好的)
6. success(n. 成功)→successful(adj. 成功的);successfully(adv. 成功地)
7. danger(n. 危险)→dangerous(adj. 危险的)
8. curious(adj. 好奇的)→curiosity(n. 好奇心)
三、重点短语
短语 中文含义 课文例句
square TheSahara Desert is about 9,000,000square
平方千米
kilometre kilometres insize.
TheDead Sea’s surface is 416metres below
belowsea level 低于海平面
sealevel.
一点一点地; Theclimbers pulled themselves upbit bybit
bitby bit
逐渐地 topass theSecond Step.
take AChineseteam returned to Qomolangmato
进行测量
measurements takeitsmeasurements in2020.
Whydopeoplerisk their lives toclimb
riskone's life 冒生命危险
Qomolangma?
TheGreat Barrier Reef islocated on
belocated on 位于;坐落在
Australia’s northeastern coast.
在尺寸 / 面 Qinghai Lakeis 4,340square kilometres in
insize
积上 size.
务必;无论如 Weshould protect rivers liketheYellow
byall means
何 Riverbyall means.
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短语 中文含义 课文例句
TheGreat Barrier Reef isthe largest living
livestructure 活的结构体
structureonearth.
dreamof a Visiting theGreat Barrier Reef is thedream
一生的梦想
lifetime ofalifetimefor ocean lovers.
四、重点句型
(一)描述自然奇观的位置与尺寸
[Natural wonder] is located + 地 点 . It has a (n) [measurement, e.g.,
area/length/height] of+ 数字 + [unit, e.g., squarekilometres/metres].
例:The Sahara Desert is located in Africa. It has an area of about 9,000,000 square
kilometres.
变式:[Natural wonder] is+ 数字 +[unit]+ [measurement term, e.g., long/deep/high].
例:TheYangtzeRiveris about 6,300kilometres long.
(二)使用形容词比较级与最高级描述自然奇观
[Natural wonder] is the + 最高级(e.g., highest/deepest/largest)+ [category, e.g.,
mountain/lake/desert] + in theworld/China/Africa.
例:Mount Qomolangmais thehighest mountain in theworld.
The MarianaTrench isthedeepest point in theocean.
变式:[WonderA]is + 比较级(e.g., longer/deeper)+than[Wonder B].
例:TheYangtzeRiveris longer than theYellowRiver.
(三)询问自然奇观的维度(How+ 疑问词)
How+ 维度词(e.g.,high/deep/long/large)+ is [natural wonder]?
例:How high is Mount Qomolangma? —It’s 8,848.86metres high.
How deepis theMarianaTrench?—It’sabout 11,000 metres deep.
变式:How + 维度词 +is the[measurement, e.g., area/length] of[natural wonder]?
例:How largeis thearea oftheSahara Desert?
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(四)说明自然奇观的重要性与价值
[Natural wonder]helps + 受益对象(e.g., ancient civilizations/animals/people)+ 动
词原形(e.g., develop/survive/learn aboutnature).
例:TheYellowRiverhelped ancient Chinesecivilizations develop.
The Great Barrier Reef helps manyunderwateranimals survive.
变式:[Natural wonder] is important because + 原因(e.g., it provides homes for
animals/teaches us about nature).
例:Lake Baikal is important because it has over 1,200types ofanimals.
(五)描述人类探索自然的成就
[Human group, e.g., Chineseteam/explorer]+ 动作(e.g.,climbed/dived/researched)
+ [natural wonder] + 时间 + to + 目的(e.g.,measureits height/record animals).
例:AChineseteam climbed MountQomolangma in 1960toplace the national flag there.
China’s Fendouzhe dived intothe MarianaTrench in2020to filmdeep-sea animals.
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Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 单元知识清单(默写版)
一、重点单词
1. _______/_______n. 奇观;奇迹 → 例句:Qomolangma isa great _______ofnature.
2. _______/_______n. 测量;度量 → 例句:Weneed to take_______ofthe lake’s size.
3. _______ /_______ n. 表面;表层 → 例句:The _______ of the Dead Sea is below sea
level.
4. _______/_______n. 深度 → 例句:What’sthe _______oftheMarianaTrench?
5. _______/_______v. 潜水 → 例句:Fendouzhe _______intothedeep sea.
6. _______/_______n. 登山者 → 例句:Only brave _______can climb Qomolangma.
7. _______ /_______ v. 存活;艰难度过 → 例句:Animals must adapt to _______ in
deserts.
8. _______ /_______ adj. 有决心的 → 例句:The team was _______ to climb the
mountain.
9. _______/_______v. 冒险 → 例句:People_______theirlives to explorenature.
10. _______/_______adj. 位于 → 例句:The reefis _______onAustralia’s coast.
二、词形变化
1. deep(adj. 深的)→_______(n. 深度);_______(adv. 深刻地)
2. high(adj. 高的)→_______(n. 高度)
3. wide(adj. 宽的;广泛地)→_______(n. 宽度)
4. long(adj. 长的)→_______(n. 长度)
5. measure(v. 测量)→_______(n. 测量结果);_______(adj. 测量好的)
6. success(n. 成功)→_______(adj. 成功的);_______(adv. 成功地)
7. danger(n. 危险)→_______(adj. 危险的)
8. curious(adj. 好奇的)→ _______(n. 好奇心)
三、重点短语
1. 平方千米 →square_______→ 例句:The desert is9million ______________.
2. 低于海平面 → below _______ _______ → 例句:The lake is 50 metres _______
______________.
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3. 一点一点地 →bit_______bit→ 例句:They climbed up_____________________.
4. 冒生命危险 →risk one’s_______→ 例句:He _______his _______to savethechild.
5. 位于 →be_______on→ 例句:Thepark ______________onthecity’s edge.
6. 一生的梦想 →dream of a_______→ 例句:Visitingthe reef is my ______________a
_______.
四、重点句型
1. ________________________________________________________.
某自然奇观位于某地,它的(面积 / 长度 / 高度)是……
例:TheSahara Desert _______(位于非洲).
It ____________________________________(面积约 900 万平方千米).
仿写:长江位于中国,它的长度约 6300 千米。
________________________________________________________.
2. ________________________________________________________.
某自然奇观是世界 / 中国 / 非洲最…… 的(山 / 湖 / 沙漠)。
例:MountQomolangma__________________________(是世界最高的山).
仿写:贝加尔湖是世界最深的淡水湖。
________________________________________________________.
3. ________________________________________________________.
询问某自然奇观有多(高 / 深 / 长 / 大)。
例:__________________(珠穆朗玛峰有多高)?—It’s 8,848.86metres high.
仿写:马里亚纳海沟有多深?
________________________________________________________.
4. ________________________________________________________.
某自然奇观帮助(古文明 / 动物 / 人类)做某事。
例:TheNileRiver__________________(帮助古埃及文明发展).
仿写:大堡礁帮助许多海洋动物生存。
________________________________________________________.
5. ________________________________________________________.
某团队 / 探险者在某时间做某事(如攀登 / 潜水),目的是……
例:AChineseteam___________________________(2020 年测量珠穆朗玛峰高度).
仿写:中国 “奋斗者” 号 2020 年潜入马里亚纳海沟,目的是拍摄深海动物。
________________________________________________________.
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