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2026
人教版英语八下单元知识清单
Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元知识清单
一 重点单词
、
单词 音标 词性 中文含义
earthquake / ˈɜːθkweɪk/ n. 地震
typhoon /taɪˈfuːn/ n. 台风
flood /flʌd/ n./v. 洪水；淹没
wildfire / ˈwaɪldfaɪə(r)/ n. 野火
snowstorm / ˈsnəʊstɔːm/ n. 暴风雪
drought /draʊt/ n. 旱灾
tsunami /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ n. 海啸
tornado /tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ n. 龙卷风
warn /wɔːn/ v. 警告；提醒
preparation / ˌprepəˈreɪʃn/ n. 准备（工作）
supply /səˈplaɪ/ n./v. 补给（品）；供应
rescue / ˈreskjuː/ n./v. 救援；营救
scream /skriːm/ v./n. 尖叫；尖叫声
landslide / ˈlændslaɪd/ n. 滑坡；塌方
froth /frɒθ/ n. 泡沫
security /sɪˈkjʊərəti/ n. 安全；保安
refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ v. 拒绝
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星越教育heatwave / ˈhiːtweɪv/ n. 热浪
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星越教育2026
人教版英语八下单元知识清单
二、词形变化
1. prepare（v. 准备）→ preparation（n. 准备工作）；prepared（adj. 有准备的）
2. safe（adj. 安全的）→safety （n. 安全）；safely（adv. 安全地）
3. danger（n. 危险）→ dangerous（adj. 危险的）；dangerously（adv. 危险地）
4. frighten（v. 使害怕）→ frightened（adj. 感到害怕的）；frightening（adj. 令人害
怕的）
5. rescue（v./n. 救援）→ rescuer（n. 救援者）
6. luck（n. 运气）→ lucky（adj. 幸运的）；luckily（adv. 幸运地）
三、重点短语
短语 中文含义 课文例句
Jiaming was doing chores when the
do chores 做家务 earthquake started.
make We should make preparations for natural
做准备
disasters.
preparations
（警报器 Ma Li’s alarm clock didn’t go off, so
go off 等）突然响 she woke up late.
The building shook all of a sudden during
all of a sudden 突然；猛地 the earthquake.
到 … … 的 By the time the bus came, Ma Li was cold
by the time 时候 and wet.
上气不接 Ma Li reached the classroom out of breath
out of breath 下气
because of the rainstorm.（p.49 短文）
Many students were late; as a result, the test
as a result 因此
was canceled.
The tsunami swept through the coastal
sweep through 席卷；横扫 village.
第 2 页 共 6 页rush to 冲向；急忙做 The security guard rushed to get people off
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人教版英语八下单元知识清单
短语 中文含义 课文例句
the beach.
The reporter advised people to stay inside
stay inside 待在室内 during the typhoon.
Firefighters worked hard to put out the
put out 扑灭（火）
wildfire.
After the typhoon, people helped take care of
take care of 照顾；处理 the clean-up.
四、重点句型
（一）描述过去灾难发生时正在做的事（过去进行时 + when/while）
Sb. was/were + 动词 - ing（持续动作）+ when + Sb. did + 动词原形（短暂动作 /
灾难发生）.
例：Xinyi’s family were having dinner when her neighbour called about the flood.
Kate was doing homework when the earthquake shook the building.
变式：While Sb. was/were + 动词 - ing（持续动作）, Sb. did + 动词原形（短暂动
作/ 灾难发生）.
例：While Jiaming was doing chores, the earthquake took them by surprise.
（二）说明自然灾害的影响与应对措施
[Natural disaster] + 动词（e.g., hit/break/cause）+ 影响（e.g.,
damage/floods/deaths）. People should + 应对措施（e.g., stay inside/make
preparations）.
例 ：The typhoon hit the coast and caused floods. People should stay inside and
avoid traveling.
The wildfire caused damage to the forest. Firefighters should put it out quickly.
变式 ：To deal with [natural disaster], people can + 具体措施（e.g., store
food/cover windows）.
第 3 页 共 6 页例：To deal with a typhoon, people can cover windows and store emergency supplies.
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人教版英语八下单元知识清单
（三）描述灾难发生前后的时间顺序
Before [natural disaster], Sb. + 事 前 动 作 （ e.g., made
preparations/ignored warnings）. During the disaster, Sb. + 事中动作（e.g.,
hid/helped others）. After the disaster, Sb. + 事后动作（e.g., cleaned up/helped the
hurt）.
例 ：Before the typhoon, Haitao’s family covered windows. During the typhoon,
they stayed inside. After the typhoon, they helped clean the neighbourhood.
Before the tsunami, Tilly noticed strange waves. During the tsunami, people ran to safety.
After the tsunami, everyone thanked Tilly for warning them.
（四）表达对灾难的感受与看法
[Natural disaster] was + 形容词（e.g., frightening/awful/dangerous）. It made
people + 感受（e.g., scared/worried/thankful）because + 原因（e.g., it destroyed
houses/it brought people closer）.
例 ：The tornado was frightening. It made people scared because it nearly blew off
the
roof.
The typhoon was awful. It made Lisa worried because her house was flooded, but
she was thankful no one was hurt.
（五）强调知识与准备的重要性
Thanks to + 因素（e.g., knowledge/preparations/warnings）, Sb. was able to + 积极
结果（e.g., save lives/stay safe/avoid danger）.
例 ：Thanks to Tilly’s geography knowledge, she was able to warn people about
the
tsunami.
Thanks to their preparations, Haitao’s family was able to stay safe during the typhoon.
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人教版英语八下单元知识清单
Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元知识清单（默写版）
一、重点单词
1. _______ /_______ n. 地震 → 例句：We felt the _______ when we were having class.
2. _______ /_______ n. 台风 → 例句：A strong _______ hit the coast last night.
3. _______ /_______ n. 洪水 → 例句：The heavy rain caused a _______ in the town.
4. _______ /_______ n. 海啸 → 例句：Tilly saved people from the _______.
5. _______ /_______ n. 龙卷风 → 例句：The _______ destroyed many houses.
6. _______ /_______ v. 警告 → 例句：The reporter _______ people to stay inside.
7. _______ /_______ n. 准备 → 例句：We need to make _______ for the storm.
8. _______ /_______ n. 救援 → 例句：The _______ team arrived quickly.
9. _______ /_______ v. 尖叫 → 例句：People _______ when they saw the fire.
10. _______ /_______ n. 热浪 → 例句：The _______ made the weather very hot.
二、词形变化
1. prepare（v. 准备）→ _______（n. 准备工作）；_______（adj. 有准备的）
2. safe（adj. 安全的）→_______ （n. 安全）；_______（adv. 安全地）
3. danger（n. 危险）→ _______（adj. 危险的）；_______（adv. 危险地）
4. frighten（v. 使害怕）→ _______（adj. 感到害怕的）；_______（adj. 令人害怕的）
5. rescue（v./n. 救援）→_______（n. 救援者）
6. luck（n. 运气）→ _______（adj. 幸运的）；_______（adv. 幸运地）
三、重点短语
1. 做家务 → do _______ → 例句：I _______ when the phone rang.
2. 做准备 → make _______ → 例句：They _______ for the trip.
3. 突然响 → go _______ → 例句：The alarm _______ at 6 a.m.
4. 突然 → all of a _______ → 例句：It started to rain _______ _______ _______.
5. 到 … … 的时候 → by the _______ → 例句：_______ _______ we arrived, the party
had started.
第 5 页 共 6 页6. 上气不接下气 → out of _______ → 例句：I ran to school _______ _______ _______.
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人教版英语八下单元知识清单
7. 因此 → as a _______ → 例句：It rained hard; _______ _______, we stayed home.
四、重点句型
1. ________________________________________________________.
某人正在做某事，这时灾难发生了。
例：My family _______（正在吃晚饭）when the typhoon _______________（袭来）.
仿写：我正在写作业，这时地震发生了。
________________________________________________________.
2. ________________________________________________________.
某自然灾害造成了 … … 影响，人们应该 … …
例：The wildfire _______（烧毁了森林）, so people_______________ （应该尽快扑
灭它）.
仿写：洪水淹没了街道，人们应该待在室内。
________________________________________________________.
3. ________________________________________________________.
灾难前 / 中 / 后，某人做了某事。
例：_______（台风前）, we covered windows. _______（台风中）, we stayed
inside. _______________（台风后）, we cleaned the street.
仿写：地震前，我在看电视；地震中，我躲到了桌子下；地震后，我帮忙救助他人。
________________________________________________________.
4. ________________________________________________________.
某灾难很 … …（形容词），它让人们感到 … … 因为 … …
例：The tsunami _______（很可怕）. It made people _______（感到害怕）
because _______________（它摧毁了很多房屋）.
仿写：暴风雪很糟糕，它让人们感到担心因为它阻断了道路。
________________________________________________________.
5. ________________________________________________________.
多亏了 … … ，某人能够 … …
例：_______（多亏了蒂莉的警告）, people _______________（能够到达安全地带）.
仿写：多亏了提前准备，我们能够安全度过暴风雪。
________________________________________________________.
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