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单元提升卷 06 Unit 5 Languages Around the World
单元基础知识巩固
I.拓展词汇变形
1. system n．体系；制度；系统→systematic adj. 系统的→systematically adv.系统地
2. refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅vt. 查询；叫……求助于→reference n. 参考
3. base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据→based adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部
分(或特征)的→basic adj. 基本的；基础的
4. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→vary vi. 不同； 变化→various adj. 不同的；各种各样
的
5. appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值→appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；领会；重视
6. regard n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待→regarding prep. 关于
7. global adj. 全球的；全世界的→globally adv.全球地；全世界地
8. specific adj. 特定的；明确的；具体的→specifically adv. 特定地；明确地；具体地
9. major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→majority n. 多数；
大多数
10. relate vt. 联系；讲述→related adj. 相关的；有联系的→relation n. 关系；联系
11. symbol n. 符号；象征→ symbolic adj. 象征的；象征性的→symbolize vt. 象征；是……的象征
12. civilisation n. 文明；文明世界→civilised adj. 文明的
13. equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的→ adv. 相同地；同样地→equality n. 平等
14. demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问→demanding adj. 要求高的；苛求的
15. description n. 描写(文字)；形容→describe vt. 描述；描写
16. relate vt. 联系；讲述→related adj. 相关的；有联系的→relation n. 关系；联系
II.核心短语互译
1. attitude towards/to 对……的态度
2. refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
3. pay attention to 注意
4. date back (to...) 追溯到
5. ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
6. be known for 因……著名
7. be seen/regarded as 被看作
8. be of great importance 至关重要
9. play a great role in 在……中起重要作用
10. lead to 导致
11. point of view 观点；看法
12. get used to 适应；习惯于
113. relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到
14. give up 放弃
15. have trouble with sth . 做某事有困难
16. depend on 取决于；依靠；依赖
17. match...with.. . 用……搭配……
18. official language 官方语言
19. be connected with 与……有关
20. at the beginning 一开始
21. develop into 发展成为
22. global affairs 全球事务
23. no matter where, who, what, etc. 不论……；不管……
24. be considered to be 被认为是
25. be related to 与……有关
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．We need to take a more ________(globe)approach to the problem.
2．The old temple ________(date)back to the 15th century was rebuilt last year.
3．Chinatowns are popular tourist destinations_____ visitors can experience traditional Chinese culture first
hand.
4．The man ________(refer) to by us was a famous musician in that country.
5．You do not have to fully understand a poem ______ (appreciate) it.
6．Mr Gump always said that in the long life one will have had many ups ___________ downs.
7．It is required that the composition ________(relate) to the students’ life.
8．Yesterday we went to visit the house ________ the great writer used to live.
9．It was a tiny house, but everything in it was so neat and elegant that it was beyond ______(describe).
10．The poem describes local ________(character) and traditions in a humorous way.
11．Nowadays cycling ________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
12．The test is used to diagnose a_________(various) of diseases.
13．When I said someone had broken his promise , I didn’t actually refer ________ you.
14．The manager promised that they would try to meet their customers’________(demand).
15．Private cars, as the product of modern ________(civilize), have been playing a vital part in the daily
activities of human society.
16．Men and women must be treated ___________ (equal) in education and employment.
17．Jane told him not to depend __________ others, including his mother, to finish the task.
18．He took courses at a local college, where he majored ________music.
答案第2页，共2页19．Although native ________North America, corn has now spread all over the world.
20．I’d appreciate ________ if you could give me some advice on how to adapt to my new surroundings.
21．You'd better learn some __________(base) Chinese before you come to our school. Only in this way can you
get used to the life here soon.
22．Henry told me that there was a time_________ he stayed up every night going over his lessons.
23．Knowing a foreign language means better job chances ________the future.
24．This affects the birds’ nervous ________ (system) and ability to produce baby birds.
25．She speaks English with a good ______ (pronounce).
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
26．A ________(全球的) environmental meeting is going to be held here.
27．She plans to start a ________ (基地) for homeless children as a school in the earthquake.
28．The ________ (主要的) problem we have in the area now is the spread of disease.
29．They were ________(挣扎) to get out of the broken car.
30．Perhaps there is a negative side to his_____________(性格) that you haven’t seen yet.
31．I hope all of us can ________(奋斗) together and show our best to the world.
32．The UN couldn’t stop the civil war in the African state of Rwanda in 1995 ______ (不管) warnings of the
dangers from neaby states.
33．All you have to do is change your ________(看法，态度) to life and love people around you from now on.
34．Mark is ________(看作) as the best man for the job.
35．On the night of the Lantern Festival, the park is filled with people who are ______(欣赏) the beautiful
lanterns.
36．Coffee has a history________(追溯到) back to at least the 9th century and has been a catalyst for social
interaction across cultures and eras.
37．His first victory was to win the ________ (相等的) rights for blacks to sit on buses.
38．It took them more than one ________ (十亿) dollars to complete the project.
39．He quickly paid for the breakfast, left a tip, bought ________ (汽油) with the change, and headed West.
40．Now a new study shows the bees’ tiny insect brains may be able to connect ________ (符号) to numbers.
三、汉译英（整句）
41．虽然怀特教授写了一些短篇小说，但他的戏剧更有名。(be known for) (汉译英)
42．那个时候正是她还长得比较漂亮的时候。(That was a time when...) (汉译英)
43．无论你做什么，你都应该全身心地投入。(no matter...) (汉译英)
44．越来越多的人通过互联网进入了信息时代。(An increasing number of...) (汉译英)
45．中国的书面语言是如何把今天的中国人和过去的人们联系在一起的？(汉译英)
3参考答案：
1．global
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们需要采取更全面的方法来解决这个问题。名词前用形容词作定语，
globe的形容词是global。故填global。
2．dating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那座建于15世纪的古庙是去年重建的。句中已有谓语动词was，所以
用非谓语动词。名词The old temple 与date back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。根据句意，
故填dating。
3．where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：唐人街是受欢迎的旅游目的地，在这里游客可以亲身体验中国传统文化。
分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰destination，从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导定语从
句，故填where。
4．referred
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们提到的那个人是那个国家著名的音乐家。分析句子可知，refer作
后置定语修饰名词man，二者之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填referred。
5．to appreciate
【详解】考查不定式。句意：记住，要欣赏一首诗，你不必完全理解它。根据句意和所给动词appreciate
分析句子可知，空格处应该填入不定式to appreciate作目的状语。故填to appreciate。
6．and
【详解】考查短语。句意：阿甘先生总是说，在漫长的一生中，一个人会有很多起起落落。ups and
downs高低； 起伏； 盛衰。根据句意，故填and。
7．should be related/be related
【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：要求作文与学生的生活有关。根据It is required that可知，主句表
示“要求”，从句用should+do构成虚拟语气结构，should可以省略，根据composition与relate为被动关
系可知，空处用should be related或者be related。故填(should) be related。
8．where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天我们去参观了那位伟大作家曾经住过的房子。分析句子可知，空处
引导定语从句，先行词是house，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。
9．description
【详解】考查名词。句意：这是一所很小的房子，但里面的一切都是那么整洁和优雅，以至于无法形容。
beyond description固定搭配，意为“无法形容”。根据句意，故填description。
10．characters
答案第4页，共2页【详解】考查名词复数。句意：那首诗幽默地描述了当地的人物和传统。character在此处意为“人物”，
为可数名词，其前没有限定词，故空处应用复数形式characters表示泛指。故填characters。
11．is regarded
【详解】考查动词时态、被动语态和主谓一致。句意：如今，骑自行车被认为是最好的全方位运动形式
之一。空格处作谓语，根据状语Nowadays可知，应用一般现在时，主语cycling为名词的单数概念，谓
语动词应用第三人称单数形式，且和动词regard之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is
regarded。
12．variety
【详解】考查名词。句意：这项检查可用于诊断多种疾病。a variety of各种各样的。根据句意，故填
variety。
13．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：我说某人食言了，其实并不是指你。refer to指的是。根据句意，故填to。
14．demands
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：经理承诺他们会尽力满足客户的要求。demand“要求”是可数名词，根据
customers可知此处指很多客户的要求，应用demand的复数形式。故填demands。
15．civilization
【详解】考查名词。句意：私家车作为现代文明的产物，在人类社会的日常活动中发挥着至关重要的作
用。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作宾语，是不可数名词。故填civilization。
16．equally
【详解】考查副词。句意：必须在教育和就业方面平等对待男女。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词treat；
equal的副词为equally“平等地”。故填equally。
17．on
【详解】考查介词。句意：简告诉他不要依靠别人来完成这项任务，包括他的母亲。depend on“依靠”为
固定短语，空处缺少介词on。故填on。
18．in
【详解】考查介词。句意：他在当地一所大学修习课程，在那儿主修音乐。major in意为“(在大学)主
修”,是固定搭配。故填in。
19．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：玉米虽原产于北美洲，但现在已经遍及全世界。短语be native to…意为“原产
于……”，为固定搭配。此处缺少介词to。故填to。
20．it
【详解】考查代词。句意：如果你能就如何适应新环境给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。appreciate后接宾
5语从句时通常要用it作形式宾语。故填it。
21．basic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在你来我们学校之前，你最好学一些基本的汉语。只有这样，你才能很快
适应这里的生活。分析句子成分可知，所设空处作定语，修饰其后的名词Chinese，故应用形容词形式，
结合所给词汇和句意，basic“基本的，基础的”符合语境，故填basic。
22．when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：亨利告诉我，有一段时间他每天晚上都熬夜复习功课。分析句子结构可
知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是time，指时间，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语从句，所
以空处需用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
23．in
【详解】考查介词。句意：懂一门外语意味着将来有更好的工作机会。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处
使用介词短语in the future“在将来”。故填in。
24．systems
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这会影响鸟类的神经系统和生产幼鸟的能力。分析句意可知，提示词
system“系统”为可数名词，在句中作宾语，因为前文没有量词或者冠词表明单数概念，故需要使用复数
形式表泛指。故填systems。
25．pronunciation
【详解】考查名词。句意：她的英语发音很好。根据a可知此处应用名词，pronounce是动词，其名词是
pronunciation。故填pronunciation。
26．global
【详解】考查形容词。句意：一个全球环境会议将在这里举行。设空处修饰名词meeting作定语，应用形
容词，故填global。
27．base
【详解】考查名词。句意：她计划在地震中为无家可归的孩子们建立一个基地作为学校。根据汉语提示
和句意可知，空处可使用名词base（基地）在句中作宾语，根据不定冠词a可知，空处应使用单数形式。
故填base。
28．chief/main/major
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们现在在该地区面临的主要问题是疾病的传播。设空处用形容词作定语，
根据汉语提示可知是chief/main/major，故填chief/main/major。
29．struggling
【详解】考查时态。句意：他们挣扎着从那辆破车里出来。分析可知，设空处为谓语动词，和前面的
答案第6页，共2页were构成过去进行时，应用现在分词形式，根据汉语提示，故填struggling。
30．character
【详解】考查名词。句意：也许他的性格有负面的一面，你还没有看到。结合句意，单数名词character
作宾语。故填character。
31．struggle
【详解】考查动词。句意：我希望我们能够一起奋斗，向世界展示我们最好的一面。“奋斗”为动词
struggle，由can可知，应用动词原形，故填struggle。
32．despite
【详解】考查介词。句意：1995年，尽管来自邻国的危险警告，联合国仍未能阻止非洲国家卢旺达的内
战。名词warnings前用介词形式。“不管”英文为despite。根据汉语提示及句意，故填despite。
33．attitude
【详解】考查名词。句意：从现在起，你所要做的就是改变你对生活的态度，爱你周围的人。change
one’s attitude to sb.(改变对某人的态度)为固定短语，to为介词。结合上下文可知，该空处填attitude，your
attitude做change的宾语。故答案为attitude。
34．regarded
【详解】考查动词和语态。句意：马克被认为是做这项工作的最佳人选。“把……看作”是regard，主语
mark和regard是被动关系，空处填过去分词和is构成一般现在时的被动语态，be regarded as“被看
作……”。故填regarded。
35．appreciating
【详解】考查动词。句意：在元宵节的夜晚，公园里挤满了欣赏美丽灯笼的人们。此处是who引导的定
语从句的谓语动词，“欣赏”为动词appreciate，由句意和are可知，主语who，代指先行词people和动
词appreciate是主动关系，应用现在分词形式与are构成现在进行时，故填appreciating。
36．dating
【详解】考查动词。句意：咖啡有至少可以追溯到9世纪的历史，一直是跨文化和时代社会互动的催化
剂。根据汉语提示可知短语为date back to，且此处与history构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。
故填dating。
37．equal
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的第一个胜利是为黑人赢得了坐在公共汽车上的平等权利。名词rights前
用形容词修饰。equal“相等的”，作定语。故填equal。
38．billion
【详解】考查数词。句意:完成这个工程花费了他们十亿多美元。结合汉语提示，billion n.十亿，one
billion dollars，十亿美元，符合题意，故填billion。
739．gas
【详解】考查名词。句意：他快速地付了早餐钱，留下小费，用零钱买了汽油，朝西去了。根据汉语提
示可知，此处使用名词gas，为不可数名词，作宾语。故填gas。
40．symbols
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：现在，一项新的研究表明，蜜蜂小小的昆虫大脑可能能够将符号与数字
联系起来。“符号”表达为名词symbol，为可数名词，空前无不定冠词，故用名词复数，作动词connect
的宾语。故填symbols。
41．Professor White has written some short stories, but he is better known for his plays.
【详解】考查短语、时态和连词。前半句中，表示“怀特教授”应用Professor White作主语，表示“写”
应用动词write作谓语，且强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时，后跟some short
stories作宾语；后半句中，主语为he，表示“因……而出名”短语为be known for，且陈述客观事实应用
一般现在时，后跟his plays作宾语。此处为but连接的并列句，前后文为转折关系，故翻译为Professor
White has written some short stories, but he is better known for his plays.
42．That was a time when she still looked relatively handsome.
【详解】考查定语从句、动词、形容词和副词。when引导定语从句。从句中，表示“看起来”应用动词
look，后接形容词作表语，由主句中的was可知，用动词过去式looked；表示“漂亮的”应用
handsome，作表语；表示“比较”应用副词relatively，修饰形容词handsome。故翻译为That was a time
when she still looked relatively handsome.
43．No matter what you do, you should put your heart into it.
【详解】考查让步状语从句及短语。让步状语从句no matter意为“无论如何；不管怎样”，表示“无论
你做什么”应为no matter what you do；“全身心投入”短语应为put your heart into it；情态助动词should
为“应该”。故答案为No matter what you do, you should put your heart into it.
44．An increasing number of people are joining the Information Age via the Internet.
【详解】考查短语和时态。根据汉语提示“越来越多的人”，可知短语为an increasing number of people
，作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式，且指目前正在发生应用现在进行时；表示“信息时代”短语为 the
Information Age；表示“通过”应用via，后跟the Internet作宾语。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为An
increasing number of people are joining the Information Age via the Internet.
45．How does written Chinese connect Chinese people today with those of the past?
【详解】考查动词短语和分词作定语。表示“联系在一起”应用动词短语connect...with；表示“书面语
言”应用written Chinese，过去分词written作定语修饰名词。written Chinese在句子中作主语，谓语动词
用单三形式；根据句意可知，本句为how引导的特殊疑问句，且用一般现在时。故翻译为How does
written Chinese connect Chinese people today with those of the past?
答案第8页，共2页高考能力提升
四、阅读理解
A
Chinese speakers have got a new thing to be proud of. The language they are speaking is more difficult than
English.
Understanding Chinese requires both sides of the brain, but English speakers listen with only half their minds
on the job, UK scientists say.
UK psychologist Sophie Scott and researchers from hospitals in Oxford and London performed brain scans
on volunteers as they listened to their native languages. When English speakers heard the sound of their language,
the left parts of their brains lit up on screen. When Chinese speakers heard their native tongue, there was an action
in both the right and left sides.
“We were very surprised to discover that people who speak different sorts of languages use their brains to
decode speech in different ways.” said Scott.
The left side is normally connected with putting sounds together into words; the right with processing
melody (音调) in music and speech, so this part “lights up” when English speakers hear music. The researchers do
not yet know whether the right side is active in English speakers when they hear Chinese.
In Chinese, a different intonation (语调) delivers a different meaning, the syllable (音节) “ma”, for instance,
can mean mother, hemp (麻), horse or scold according to its musical sound.
“Speech really is a complex sound,” said Scott. “As well as understanding words, the brain uses the way in
which words are spoken, such as intonation and melody, to turn spoken language into meaning.”
“We think Chinese speakers interpret intonation and melody in the right sides of their brains to give correct
meaning to the spoken words.”
The study suggests that language itself might affect the way the brain develops in a young child. It could
explain why native speakers of English find it so extraordinary hard to learn Chinese.
46．What does the underlined “volunteers” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Chinese speakers. B．English speakers.
C．People who speak different languages. D．Researchers and Chinese and English speakers.
47．Which can best explain why understanding Chinese requires both sides of the brain?
A．Music. B．Meanings.
C．Intonation and melody. D．The way the brain develops.
48．Why do native English speakers find it hard to learn Chinese?
9A．The left sides of their brains are not used for language.
B．They can hardly understand words when there is music.
C．The right sides of their brains are never used in childhood.
D．They can hardly understand words in the right side of the brain.
49．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．How the Brain Responds to Music
B．How the Brain Responds to Chinese
C．The Brain Responds to Languages Differently
D．The Two Sides of the Brain Work Differently
B
The older you get, the more difficult it is to learn to speak French like a Parisian. But what is the exact cutoff
point—at what age it becomes harder?
To analyse this problem, a research team collected data on a person’s current age, language capability and
time studying English. The investigators thought they needed more than half a million people to figure out when
the “critical period” for achieving the highest levels of grammatical fluency ends. So they turned to the world’s
greatest experimental subject pool: the internet.
They created a short online grammar quiz. From the responses, an algorithm predicted the tester’s native
language and which dialect of English they spoke. Meanwhile, the researchers developed models that predicted
how long it takes to become fluent in a language and the best age to start learning. They concluded that the ability
to learn a new language, at least grammatically, is strongest until the age of 18, after which there is a sharp
decline. To become completely fluent, however, learning should start before the age of 10.
There are three main ideas as to why language-learning ability declines at 18: social changes, interference
from one’s primary language and continuing brain development. At 18, kids typically graduate high school and go
on to start college or enter the work force full-time. Once they do, they may no longer have the time, opportunity
or learning environment to study a second language like they did when they were younger.
However, Elissa Newport, a professor at Georgetown University who specializes in language learning,
remains a skeptic, saying “Testing 600,000 people doesn’t give you a dependable, reliable outcome if you’re not
asking the right questions. Besides, even among native speakers it takes 30 years to fully master a language and
there are numerous examples of people who pick up a language later in life, and our ability to learn new
vocabulary appears to remain constant.”
50．Why did the researchers turn to the Internet to collect data?
A．They are good at computer operation
答案第10页，共2页B．They want to get an exact conclusion.
C．The Internet can lower the cost of the research.
D．Internet Data Centers provide reliable resources
51．Which can replace the underlined word “decline” in paragraph 3?
A．Drop. B．Increase. C．Turn. D．Push.
52．What’s the author’s attitude towards the result of the research?
A．Negative. B．Supportive. C．Objective. D．Doubtful.
53．What can be the best title?
A．It’s never too old to learn
B．Age affects language learning
C．Online quiz predicts native language
D．Grammar counts in language learning
五、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mary-Jo Saunders goes to kindergarten every morning, just like many other five-year-olds in New York.
Today, she is learning 54 poem. What is special is that it is a Chinese poem and 55 she is
able to recite it 56 an accent. Soon she is going to learn Chinese handwriting too. “ 57 (learn)
the world’s most spoken language might give Mary-Jo a head start in her future career,” says her mother Alison.“I
think it’s good for her to stretch 58 (her) by listening to and pronouncing new sounds, as well as
learning to read and 59 (write) Chinese characters.”
More and more 60 (ambition) parents in the world are signing their children up for Chinese
classes. Keen for their sons and daughters 61 (succeed) in life,they see being fluent in a second or third
language as an advantage. Learning Chinese is becoming so popular that so far the language 62 in the
educational systems of more than 75 countries. Over 4,000 overseas universities offer Chinese language courses
and now about 25 million people 63 (study) Chinese outside China.
六、建议信
64．假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter正在学习汉语但遇到了一些困难，他写信向你求助，现在请你写
封回信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；2. 提出建议；3. 表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
11___________________________________________________________________________________________
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七、读后续写
65．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Eleven-year-old Kristina shouted on the phone. Vera, her mother, packing lunches for her two children, heard
the shouting and dashed to Kristina. Kristina gave her the phone. Kristina was talking to her father at his doctor’s
office in Moscow, Russia.
“Vlad, why is Kristina shouting?” began Vera in Russian.
“Vera, this afternoon I must attend a conference at her school. But I cannot be there. I have an important
meeting. Why don’t you attend it?” Vlad replied.
"How can I go?”
“You are not going to a forest. You’ll be fine!”
“I know, but I can’t speak English properly. It’s a rule at her school.”
“You can manage. GO!”
Vera turned to Kristina, “Kristina, your father is busy. I will come instead of him.”
Kristina shouted, “Mother, you can’t speak English. How can you come to the conference? NO!” She plowed
through her mother and ran sobbing. But Vera convinced Kristina. As there was no option, she agreed and left for
school.
Vera was depressed. She felt that if only she knew English, she could avoid such situations. But “how is it
possible for me to learn English while balancing so many tasks?” Suddenly, she realized that Andrei was getting
late, so she got him ready and walked him to school.
In the afternoon, Vera attended the conference at the school. All the teachers and staff gave a warm welcome
to Vera. Kristina kept quieting her mother. All she said were phrases like, “You are embarrassing!” “Stop talking!”
and “You do not know English!” Ignoring her daughter’s comments, Vera managed to keep her cool and finished
the meeting.
After delivering a cake to a customer, Vera went home to start dinner. At home, she asked her mother-in-law
where Kristina was. She said that Kristina had gone to study with her friends. While they were talking, Kristina
walked in.
Vera asked, “Why did you go out? You can study at home, you know!”
“I have doubts about English Literature. Can YOU clarify them?” Kristina said in an arrogant (傲慢的) tone.
答案第12页，共2页注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At dinner, Vera complained about Kristina’s behavior to Vlad.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________
The next day, she saw an advertisement from LCC, The London Language Center, on the TV.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________
46．C 47．C 48．D 49．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。英国科学家称，理解中文需要左右脑，但说英语的人在听中文时只用了一
半的大脑。这可以解释为什么英语为母语的人觉得学中文特别难。
46．词句猜测题。根据第三段“UK psychologist Sophie Scott and researchers from hospitals in Oxford and
London performed brain scans on volunteers as they listened to their native languages. When English speakers
heard the sound of their language, the left parts of their brains lit up on screen. When Chinese speakers heard their
native tongue, there was an action in both the right and left sides. (英国心理学家索菲·斯科特和来自牛津和伦
敦医院的研究人员在volunteers听母语时对他们进行了脑部扫描。当说英语的人听到自己语言的声音时，
他们大脑的左侧在屏幕上亮了起来。当说汉语的人听到母语时，左右两侧都有动作)”可知，划线词指代的
是“English speakers”和“Chinese speakers”，也即是，说不同语言的人。故选C。
47．推理判断题。根据第五段首句“The left side is normally connected with putting sounds together into
words; the right with processing melody (音调) in music and speech, so this part “lights up” when English
speakers hear music. (左脑通常负责将声音组合成单词；右脑负责处理音乐和语音中的旋律，所以当说英语
的人听到音乐时，这部分就会“亮起来”)”以及第八段“We think Chinese speakers interpret intonation and
melody in the right sides of their brains to give correct meaning to the spoken words.(我们认为说汉语的人在他
13们大脑的右半部分解读语调和旋律，从而赋予口语正确的含义)”可知，左右脑负责不同的任务，说汉语的
人在他们大脑的右半部分解读语调和旋律，从而赋予口语正确的含义。故选C。
48．推理判断题。根据第二段“Understanding Chinese requires both sides of the brain, but English speakers
listen with only half their minds on the job, UK scientists say. (英国科学家称，理解中文需要左右脑，但说英
语的人在听中文时只用了一半的大脑)”以及末段“The study suggests that language itself might affect the way
the brain develops in a young child. It could explain why native speakers of English find it so extraordinary hard
to learn Chinese. (该研究表明，语言本身可能会影响幼儿大脑的发育方式。这可以解释为什么英语为母语
的人觉得学中文特别难)”可知，说英语的人只是用了大脑的一半，所以当他们学汉语时，需要用左右脑。
由此推知，他们他们几乎不能理解右脑的单词。故选D。
49．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段“Understanding Chinese requires both sides of the brain, but
English speakers listen with only half their minds on the job, UK scientists say. (英国科学家称，理解中文需要
左右脑，但说英语的人在听中文时只用了一半的大脑)”可知，说不同的语言时，大脑对语言的反应不同。
故选C。
50．B 51．A 52．C 53．B
【导语】本文是篇说明文。年纪越大，学巴黎人那样说法语就越困难。但确切的分界点是什么——什么
年龄会变得更难呢?短文对此进行了介绍。
50．细节理解题。根据第二段中“To analyse this problem, a research team collected data on a person’s current
age, language capability and time studying English. The investigators thought they needed more than half a
million people to figure out when the “critical period” for achieving the highest levels of grammatical fluency
ends. So they turned to the world’s greatest experimental subject pool: the internet.(为了分析这个问题，一个研
究小组收集了一个人目前的年龄、语言能力和学习英语的时间的数据。研究人员认为，他们需要50多万
人才能弄清楚达到最高语法流利程度的“关键时期”何时结束。因此，他们转向了世界上最大的实验对
象池：互联网)”可知，研究人员转向互联网来收集数据是为了得到一个确切的结论。故选B项。
51．词句猜测题。根据前文“They concluded that the ability to learn a new language, at least grammatically, is
strongest until the age of 18(他们得出的结论是，学习一门新语言的能力，至少在语法上，在18岁之前是最
强的)”可知，研究发现学习一门新语言的能力，至少在语法上，在18岁之前是最强的，从而推知，之后
应是下降，所以decline应是“下降”之意和drop相近。故选A项。
52．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“There are three main ideas as to why language-learning ability declines at
18: social changes, interference from one’s primary language and continuing brain development. At 18, kids
typically graduate high school and go on to start college or enter the work force full-time. Once they do, they may
答案第14页，共2页no longer have the time, opportunity or learning environment to study a second language like they did when they
were younger.(关于18岁时语言学习能力下降的原因，有三种主要观点:社会变化、母语的干扰以及大脑的
持续发育。18岁时，孩子们通常从高中毕业，然后开始上大学或全职工作。一旦他们这样做了，他们可
能不再有时间、机会或学习环境来学习第二语言，就像他们年轻时那样)”可知，作者客观列举了导致研究
结果的原因。故选C项。
53．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The older you get, the more difficult it is to learn to speak French like a
Parisian. But what is the exact cutoff point—at what age it becomes harder?(年纪越大，学巴黎人那样说法语就
越困难。但确切的分界点是什么——什么年龄会变得更难呢?)”可知，B项“Age affects language
learning(年龄影响语言学习)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
54．a 55．that 56．without 57．Learning 58．herself 59．write 60．ambitious
61．to succeed 62．has been included 63．are studying
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中文在世界上越来越受欢迎，越来越多的人开始学习中文。
54．考查冠词。句意：今天，她正在学一首诗。此处泛指“一首诗”，且poem是以辅音音素开头的单词，
应用不定冠词a。故填a。
55．考查表语从句。句意：特别的是，这是一首中国诗，而且她能不带口音地背诵出来。两个表语从句
并列，空处是第二个表语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填
that。
56．考查介词。句意：特别的是，这是一首中国诗，而且她能不带口音地背诵出来。根据句意“她还能
够毫无口音的背下来”可知，此处应用介词without。故填without。
57．考查非谓语动词。句意：学习世界上使用人数最多的语言可能会让玛丽-乔在未来的职业生涯中领先
一步。此处作句子的主语，应用动名词，首字母要大写。故填Learning。
58．考查反身代词。句意：我认为让她通过听和发新的音，以及学习阅读和书写汉字来扩展自己是有好
处的。此处指“她自己”，应用反身代词 herself。故填herself。
59．考查非谓语动词。句意：我认为让她通过听和发新的音，以及学习阅读和书写汉字来扩展自己是有
好处的。动词write和read并列，共用read前面的不定式to，应用动词原形。故填write。
60．考查形容词。句意：世界上越来越多有抱负的父母给他们的孩子报汉语班。此处名词parents，应用
形容词ambitious，作定语。故填ambitious。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们渴望自己的儿女在生活中取得成功，他们认为流利的第二或第三语言
是一种优势。固定短语keen to do sth.表示“渴望做某事”。故填to succeed。
62．考查动词语态。句意：学习汉语正变得如此流行，迄今为止，这门语言已被纳入超过75个国家的教
育体系。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合句意so far可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为the
15language，助动词用has。故填has been included。
63．考查动词时态。句意：4000多所海外大学开设汉语课程，目前约有2500万人在国外学习汉语。根据
语境可知，此处描述正在发生的事情，应用现在进行时，主语为people，be动词用are。故填are
studying。
64．Dear Peter,
I am delighted to receive your letter asking for my advice with regard to how to learn Chinese. It’s true that
Chinese is not easy to learn, but there is no need to feel anxious. I will give you some advice.
To start with, it’s best to choose a good Chinese teacher, with whose help you can make great progress. In
addition, you may as well make friends with the Chinese students in your school. Were I you, I would find a
Chinese friend with common interest. Last but not the least, as a famous saying goes, “Practice makes perfect”,
keep in mind that you need practice more. Don’t be frightened by the seemingly hard task. Break your main task
into smaller goals and you will realize your dream in the end.
I sincerely hope my suggestions are of benefit to you and you will be getting on better with your Chinese.
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国朋友Peter写一封信，告诉他一些学习汉语的建议并
表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
焦虑的：anxious→nervous
此外：in addition→what’s more
真诚地：sincerely→genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In addition, you may as well make friends with the Chinese students in your school.
拓展句：In addition, you may as well make friends with the Chinese students in your school, which will give you
more opportunities to practice Chinese.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To start with, it’s best to choose a good Chinese teacher, with whose help you can make
great progress.（运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I sincerely hope my suggestions are of benefit to you and you will be getting on better with your
Chinese.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that）
65．At dinner, Vera complained about Kristina’s behavior to Vlad. But he laughed and said, “Well, if you knew
答案第16页，共2页English, Kristina would not have to suffer like this.” Then he added, “This food is delicious. At least you are good
at something!” That night, Vera was tossing and turning as she thought about her hurt feelings. “Like father, like
daughter. If my husband doesn’t respect me, then how can my children respect me? I must learn English. No
matter how hard it may be, I must master English,” she thought.
The next day, she saw an advertisement from LCC, The London Language Center, on the TV. They offered English
classes to newcomers. Vera called their number and signed up for a four-week course. Every day, she managed to
attend the class. She grasped every chance to communicate in English. In the last week, she passed the test and
announced the good news to the family in English. Kristina excitedly hugged her and said, “Congratulations,
Mum! I am proud of you and sorry for what I said.” Vera smiled happily and felt, “With determination, anything is
possible.”
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一位不会说英语的俄罗斯母亲Vera，因丈夫工作繁忙，不得已
去参加女儿的家长会。家长会要求参加者必须会说英语，所以Vera全程都受到了女儿的无理提醒和轻视。
从此，她下定决心学习英语，她参加了英语学习课程，最终通过了考试，得到了女儿的尊重和道歉，也
证明了自己的能力。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“晚餐时，Vera向Vlad抱怨Kristina的行为。”可知，第一段可描写丈夫Vlad也认
为Kristina的行为都是因为Vera不会英语所致，由此Vera决心学好英语。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，她在电视上看到LCC，伦敦语言中心的广告。”可知，第二段可描写
Vera报名学习英语，并取得了好的成绩，得到了丈夫和女儿的认可和尊重。
2.续写线索：抱怨女儿行为——丈夫的不认可和不尊重——决心学习英语——看到LCC广告——报名参
加——努力学习——通过考试——女儿认可并道歉——感悟。
3.词汇激活：
行为类
①擅长：be good at/do well in
②登记、注册：sign up/register
③提供：offer/provide
④抓住：grasp/hold
情绪类
①尊敬：respect/look up to
②高兴地：happily/joyfully
【点睛】【高分句型1】Well, if you knew English, Kristina would not have to suffer like this.（运用了以连词
if引导的条件状语从句和虚拟语气。）
17【高分句型2】 No matter how hard it may be, I must master English,” she thought.（运用了以no matter how
引导的让步状语从句。）
答案第18页，共2页
