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第 30 讲 阅读理解其它体裁（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 三年真题其它体裁考点细目表
时 卷次 体裁 主题语境 字数 题型分类
间
202 新高考I卷 / / /
3年 新高考** 书评 人与社会：印刷书籍和阅读对 330+126 1个细节理解题
错误的表达 人类的重要意义 1个推理判断题
1个词义猜测题
式 **卷
全国甲卷 书评 人与社会：介绍了The Socrates 333+128 2个细节理解题
Express
2个推理判断题
全国乙卷 / / / /
北京卷 / / / /
浙江卷 新闻报 人与社会：在辩论中战胜人类 314+132 2个细节理解题
道 的软件程序：Project Debater
1个推理判断题
的
1个词义猜测题
天津卷 / + /
202 新高考I卷 / / /
2年 新高考** / + /
错误的表达
式 **卷
全国甲卷 / / /
全国乙卷 书评 人与社会：Dorothy Wickenden 317+122 2个细节理解题
的 书 ： Nothing Daunted: The
2个推理判断题
Unexpected Education of Two
Society Girls in the West
北京卷 / / /
浙江卷 / / / /
天津卷 / / / /
/ / / / / /
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
从近三年的命题上看，阅读理解无论是新闻报道还是书评是主要考查细节理解和考查推理判断题偶尔
也会考查词义猜测题。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 1【备考策略】
高考备考，重点练阅读。因为阅读是纲，纲举目张。阅读量 + 词汇量 = 高考英语前途无量。要做到精读
泛读相结合。每天读5篇，高考一百三。具体来说，可以每天精读2篇，读懂每一句话，并完成文后的问
答题；泛读3篇，材料要相对容易一些，但要有长度，最好是文学作品。泛读的方法是只求知道内容，不
记单词或漂亮句子，也不做短文后的习题。
【命题预测】
从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，预测2024年高考阅读理解其它体裁可能会出现，试题难度会保持相对
稳定，但会继续考查考生快速而准确地获取和理解文中具体细节信息的能力以及推断能力。
过关检测
（2023·云南·云南师大附中校考模拟预测）The guy who ate a $120,000 banana in an art museum says
he was just hungry
Italian artist Maurizio Cattelan is well known for his inspiring works, but his signature work — a banana taped
to a wall — was lately destroyed for a simple reason; the hunger it aroused in a college student. The work named
“Comedian” (喜剧演员) has previously sold for $120,000, most famously at Art Basel Miami in 2019. While a
college student who recently viewed the art in a Seoul museum said he ate the banana after skipping breakfast.
The art in question, Comedian, which was a frequently replaced fresh banana, was taped on the wall. It is
meant to indicate everything from Charlie Chaplin’s comedy to the fruit’s status as a symbol of global trade.
However, it spoke to Noh Huyn-soo, the college student, in simpler terms, reminding him that he had skipped
breakfast that morning. So when he visited Seoul’s Leeum Museum of Artlate at noon last week, Noh seized the
yellow fruit and ate it, ignoring the alarmed cry of a museum worker. It took Noh around 1 minute to tear off the
banana and eat it. Then, he reattached the peel to its spot on the wall
Noh told the museum that he ate the art because he was hungry, according to Korean public broadcaster KBS,
which aired a video of his actions that was recorded by his friend. But Noh, who studies art and religion at Seoul
National University, also expressed the artist’s intent and suggested his own actions might qualify as art, as he
transformed Cattelan’s work and put it back on display.
The Noh drama lasted only around 30 minutes, as museum workers restored a second banana to the spot. And
the museum won’t charge Noh for any damages. Because when the artist was told about the ruined work, he replied
that it wasn’t a problem.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 21．What is the article?
A．A museum guidance. B．A news report. C．A travel blog. D．A life story.
2．What is special about the work “Comedian”?
A．It is a lifelike object kept well in the museum. B．It is a funny painting sold at a rare high price.
C．It is a real item refreshed regularly on display D．It is an eatable fruit designed to be delivered.
3．Which may be the real reason for Noh to eat the exhibit?
A．He wanted to be involved into an art creation in a way.
B．He felt hungry for not having breakfast on time.
C．He meant to make a popular blog to have fun.
D．He was told to do so for the sake of new art.
4．What does the artist think of the destroyed work?
A．Absolutely serious. B．Terribly influential.
C．Rarely typical. D．Scarcely important.
（2023·湖南长沙·雅礼中学校考三模）① What does it say about the future of meat when the country’s
largest processor of chicken, pork, and beef buys a stake (股份) in a start-up that aims to “perfectly replace animal
protein with plant protein”?
②Tyson Foods announced this week that it purchased a 5 percent stake in Beyond Meat, the Southern
California-based food-tech start-up that made headlines earlier this year with its veggie burger that reportedly cooks
and tastes like real beef.
③To be sure, Beyond Meat’s meatless creations have yet to take the country by storm. Although the 100
percent plant-based burgers have achieved plenty of positive press since they appeared for the first time in May, so
far they’re only available at Whole Foods stores in seven states. Even though the company’s “chicken” strips,
“beef” pies, and meatless frozen dinners are available nationwide, Beyond Meat is hardly a household name.
④That may be what makes the news of Tyson’s investment all the more noteworthy. While the two companies
declined to give details about the deal, it’s doubtful that Tyson’s 5 percent stake made much of dent (凹陷) in the
meat giant’s coffers (金库). The company posted $41.4 billion in sales last year; prior to the deal with Tyson,
Beyond Meat had reportedly raised $64 million in project capital funding — about what Tyson earns before lunch
on any given day.
⑤Tyson is doing pretty great. The company reported record third-quarter earnings per share in August and
says that it expects overall meat production to increase 2 to 3 percent during the next financial year. But like a big
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 3oil company shelling out cash to invest in wind power, Tyson’s toe-in-the-water move to team up with a start-up
devoted to bringing more plant-based protein to American dinner tables seems to suggest the meat industry is
starting to see which way the winds are blowing.
⑥Sales of plant-based protein, which totaled an estimated $5 billion last year, continue to pale compared with
the market for meat in America — but vegetarian alternatives to meat are booming, with sales growing at more than
double the rate for food products overall. The steady drumbeat of news about the negative health impacts,
environmental problems, and animal welfare concerns associated with meat consumption appears to be sinking in.
According to a survey released in April, more than half of Americans surveyed said they plan to eat more plant-
based foods in the coming year.
5．Beyond Meat’s veggie burger made headlines probably because ________.
A．it makes perfect use of animal protein
B．it uses high tech in the making process
C．it tastes as good as a genuine beef burger
D．it represents the diet trend in South California
6．Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the state of Beyond Meat?
A．It is the creator of the country’s first 100 percent plant-based burgers.
B．It has been well received as its products are available nationwide.
C．It is far from being a match to real food processing giants like Tyson.
D．It provides high-quality dining experience in selected Whole Foods stores.
7．What can we infer from paragraph 4?
A．The purchase of the stake barely costs a thing for Tyson.
B．The 5 percent stake in Beyond Meat means a lot to Tyson.
C．Tyson’s investment hasn’t caught the attention of the media as expected.
D．Tyson is relying on this investment to raise more project capital funding.
8．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Meat will still take over the market in spite of other alternatives.
B．A major American meat company is betting on plant-based protein.
C．Tyson and Beyond Meat work together to build a global meat giant.
D．Plants have been found to contain protein that does more good to human beings.
（2023·重庆·西南大学附中校考三模）An owl(猫头鹰) named Flaco escaped New York’s Central Park Zoo
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 4last week after his cage was broken. This set off a bird- hunt of police officers and park rangers( 护林员). Zoo
officials worried that Flaco, who had been kept in his zoo cage for 13 years, may have lost the survival abilities he
needed in the wild. They placed some of his favorite treats in the open air to attempt to trap him.
Flaco was not fooled. Instead, he was sighted flying over 5th Avenue, and Central Park’s skating rink. A
number of New Yorkers stamped into Central Park to try to catch a glimpse of Flaco, taking photos with
excitement.
But this week, zoo officials announced they accepted that Flaco remained in Central Park because he had been
seen bringing up bones and fur from the park’s abundant community of rats. “He has been very successful at
hunting and consuming the abundant rats in the park.” zoo officials told the New York Post. “And that’s amazing.
He’s hunting on his own. He’s flying better. Flaco really seems to be enjoying himself out there.”
There is a caution attached to this story of an owl who is making it on his own in the city that never sleeps.
Owls are nocturnal. They go around searching for food at night. They sleep during the day, or try to, like lots of
people who work the overnight shift. Yet some New Yorkers who don’t know proper bird-watching behavior
reportedly see Flaco sleep in a tree during the day, and begin to shout at him. It interrupts his sleep. Flaco can’t try
to say “shh, shh” with the traditional New York reply. After all, a bird can’t give someone the bird.
9．Why were zoo officials concerned about Flaco’s ability to survive?
A．Because his favourite food was too little.
B．Because he might be attacked by police.
C．Because his cage was severely damaged.
D．Because he was kept in his cage for long.
10．What can we infer about Flaco from the third paragraph?
A．He has adapted to the wild. B．He has found his previous home.
C．He still faces great challenges. D．He dislikes the rats in the park.
11．What does the underlined word “nocturnal” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Scary-looking. B．Shy and quiet.
C．Active at night. D．Badly-behaved.
12．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to the interruption to Flaco’s sleep?
A．Cautious. B．Favorable. C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.
（2022·河南·濮阳南乐一高校联考模拟预测）American mathematician Dennis Sullivan has been awarded
the 2022 Abel Prize, one of the most distinguished awards in math, for his contributions to the fields of topology
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 5and dynamical systems. Sullivan has been recognized for his groundbreaking contributions to topology in its
broadest sense, and particularly its algebraic (代数的), geometric and dynamical aspects.
Topology is the study of properties of objects and spaces that do not change when they are deformed (变形).
The field is sometimes called “rubber-sheet geometry”, because objects can be stretched into different shapes like
rubber but cannot be broken. For instance, a square can be deformed into a circle without breaking, but a doughnut
shape cannot.
Sullivan, born in Port Huron, Michigan, in 1941, began studying topology as a graduate student at Princeton
University in the early 1960s. His 1966 doctoral thesis, called “Triangulating Homotopy Equivalences,” helped
revolutionize the study of manifolds, spaces that look flat when viewed from any point on their surface but have a
more complicated overall structure.
Subsequently Sullivan taught at several other universities. During this time, he gradually changed how
mathematicians perceived algebraic and geometric topology, introducing new ideas and building a new vocabulary.
In 1970, he wrote a set of unpublished notes widely circulated and considered hugely influential.
By the late 1970s, Sullivan began investigating problems in dynamical systems, which is the study of a point
moving through a geometrical space and a fundamental part of chaos theory. His work united dynamical systems
and algebraic topology in ways that had never been done. In 1985, Sullivan proved a 60-year-old assumption that
points moving in complex dynamical systems eventually return to their starting point rather than wandering about
endlessly.
“Dennis P. Sullivan has repeatedly changed the landscape of topology by introducing new concepts”, said
Hans Munthe-Kaas, chair of the Abel Committee. “I’m not sure Sullivan sees the boundaries between different
areas of mathematics the same as other people see it.”
13．What is the purpose of the second paragraph?
A．To clarify a concept. B．To present a fact.
C．To explain a phenomenon. D．To make an assumption.
14．Which of the following best describes Sullivian?
A．Promising and sincere. B．Committed and pioneering.
C．Generous and intelligent D．Ambitious and considerate.
15．Which statement corresponds with Sullivian’s new theory?
A．Spaces have a more complicated overall structure.
B．A doughnut can be deformed into a circle without breaking.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 6C．Dynamic systems and algebraic topology can’t be integrated.
D．Points moving in certain systems eventually return to their starting point.
16．What can we infer from Hans Munthe-Kaas’ remarks in the last paragraph?
A．Sullivian doesn’t normally agree with others.
B．Different areas of mathematics have no boundaries.
C．Sullivian may have his own way of viewing different areas of maths.
D．Hans Munthe-Kaas has prejudice against Sullivian in the areas of mathematics.
（2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考模拟预测）Tesla’s self-driving cars have recently come under
investigation as a report on crashes raises questions about their safety. Despite Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s claim that
their Autopilot capability makes their cars “unequivocally (毫不含糊地) safer,” data suggests otherwise.
According to The Washington Post, the number of deaths and serious injuries associated with Tesla’s driver-
assistance technology is higher than previously reported. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
(NHTSA) recorded 736 crashes since 2019, with at least17 of them being fatal. These figures include crashes
involving both Autopilot, which allows cars to drive on highways without human intervention, and the newer Full
Self-Driving feature, which extends automation to city streets. However, these statistics can’t record incidents that
were avoided due to the cars’ safety features. Additionally, when compared to the total number of car crashes that
occurred last year, the number of crashes involving driver-assistance vehicles appears relatively small, but actually
it’s not.
Tesla’s safety claims lack context as Autopilot is primarily designed for highways, while most accidents occur
in more complex environments with cross-traffic, pedestrians, and cyclists. Moreover, Tesla’s customer base
consists mainly of wealthier individuals who live in communities with lower accident rates.
Concerns are raised by Tesla’s request to the NHTSA not to reveal whether Autopilot or Full Self-Driving was
in use during fatal crashes. This lack of transparency (透明) prevents a comprehensive analysis of the incidents and
raises questions about responsibility.
Safety exaggerations (夸大) combined with Tesla’s aggressive marketing have led to accidents caused by
drivers relying too heavily on the system. Full Self-Driving does not allow the car to fully drive itself, and drivers
are expected to remain attentive and ready to intervene at all times. However, Tesla’s messaging may mislead some
users into believing otherwise.
While a driverless future has the potential to be safer, it is crucial not to convince the public that
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 7underdeveloped capabilities are ready for widespread use. Tesla should address past problems, ensure their
automation set can detect emergency vehicles, and be transparent with the public about the limitations of their
technology. Rushing the implementation of such technology without addressing its limitations could lead to serious
consequences on the road.
17．What can we learn about Tesla’s driver-assistance-related crashes from paragraph 2?
A．736 fatal cases of self-driving are recorded.
B．NHTSA focused on the crashes on highways.
C．The total number of car crashes is extremely small.
D．The incidents avoided are not counted in the crash statistics.
18．What can be inferred about Tesla’s safety claims?
A．They are supported by comprehensive data.
B．They are based on limited driving environment.
C．They are restricted to the experiences of satisfied customers.
D．They have been proven to be accurate and reliable by NHTSA．
19．What can we know about Full Self-Driving?
A．It is ill-received. B．It is well-developed.
C．It needs the driver to stay focused. D．It reduces the accidents greatly.
20．Which title best summarizes the content of this text?
A．Concerns and Questions Surrounding Tesla’s “Self-Driving” Cars
B．Tesla’s Self-Driving Cars: The Safest Option of Driving on the Road
C．The Future of Self-Driving Cars: A Closer Look at Tesla’s Technology
D．Reconstruction and Revolution of Tesla’s Autopilot and Full Self-Driving
（2024·浙江·统考模拟预测）A relationship between the amount of adult speech children are exposed to and
the concentration of myelin, a substance in the brain, has been found, researchers say.
“I think the take-home message is, absolutely talking to your kids. It’s literally shaping the structure of the
brain,” says the lead author, Prof. John P. Spencer of the University of East Anglia.
The team find, for the 30-month-olds, larger amounts of adult speech are associated with higher quantities of
myelin in language-related pathways in the brain; however, for the 6-month-olds, it goes the opposite way.
While the latter (后者) is unexpected, Spencer points out one possible factor: the brain’s stage of development.
“When babies are six months old, they experience massive growth of new nerve cells,” he says. “So the input
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 8comes in and may help extend the period of brain growth.” “While at 30 months, the brain starts to cut back some
of the cell growth, and form specific connections. That’s where myelin comes in. So now the input starts to help
structure the myelin,” he adds.
The researchers conclude adult speech is significant for both age groups and that the more adult speech
children go through, the more sensitive they will be to language. The next step for them is to figure out whether the
6-month-old babies showing that negative connection will surely turn into 30-month-old kids who show positive
relationship.
Dr. Saloni Krishnan, Reader in cognitive neuroscience (认知神经科学) at Royal Holloway, University of
London, who is not involved in the work, however, notes individual differences in language ability are linked to
genetics. “Children who are exposed to more language at home and have higher myelination will also have
inherited genes (经遗传获得的基因) from parents who are more excellent in languages,” she said. “No final
conclusion could be made before this potential genetic effect are tested. And yet there being currently no standard
around the amount of input children should receive, caregivers should not necessarily feel pressure to talk more to
their children.”
21．Which can replace the underlined words “take-home message” in paragraph 2?
A．Process. B．Reason. C．Point. D．Consequence.
22．What surprises the team?
A．The finding for the 30-month-olds. B．The finding for the 6-month-olds.
C．How the input help nerve cells grow. D．How the input help structure the myelin.
23．What does the researchers think of adult speech?
A．It is positively related to myelin. B．It cuts back some of the cell growth.
C．Its effect varies with the size of brains. D．It is helpful for both groups’ language ability.
24．What might Dr. Saloni Krishnan approve of?
A．The team should do more research. B．Inherited genes decide language ability.
C．Parents must talk more to their kids. D．The concentration of myelin makes no sense.
（2023·湖南邵阳·统考三模）More families than ever are taking “adventures”—long term trips where
children learn on the road. Worldschooling (游学世界), adventuring, life-learning, whatever you call it, more
parents are doing it.
Take Jo and Jamie Robins, who are into a four-month South America trip with their daughters. “We want to
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 9take some time to step back from life, the treadmill (枯燥无味的工作) of working hard to pay a mortgage (按揭贷
款), not having enough time for family or to follow our interests , says Jo.
David and Debs Hurst’s three-month mission to visit their Facebook friends with their sons turned into a
campervan(房车) trip across 13 countries. “To our minds, they are learning in a more interesting way,” says David.
Martina and Julian Tyrrell sold their house in Cambridge to sail off into the sunset on a yacht(游艇) with their
daughters. Nearly two years on, they are now based by the Guadiana River on the border of Spain and Portugal
while the girls go to a Spanish school and are wondering where the wind might take them next. “When people
asked us how long we would be away, I jokingly said between six months and 60 years. The kids love the life and
I’m not that concerned about school because we always said we would homeschool them. If they get to a point
where they want to go to school, I won’t stand in their way,” says Martina.
The Department of Education takes a poor view of any time away from school. “Children must receive a
suitable education. Even missing a week of school affects children’s attainment,” said a spokeswoman.
Most round-the-world family blogs praise the experience as life-changing in the best way possible. Lara
Pennington-Ellis, a British single mum based in Barcelona who set off on a round-the-world trip with her eight-
year-old son, is one exception. I’m loving our intense time together but I’m also missing my personal freedom and
adult conversation. “Worldschooling sounds easygoing but it’s actually the hardest hour of the day, to work hard
and do maths /Spanish /English /handwriting homework.” she says in one post.
25．Why did Jo go adventuring?
A．To find inspiration for her work. B．To enjoy life with her family.
C．To meet her online friends. D．To learn Spanish.
26．What do Martina’s words show?
A．She is concerned about school education.
B．She has difficulty teaching her kids at home.
C．She will allow her kids to decide when to attend school.
D．She will spend less than three months on a trip.
27．What is the spokeswoman’s attitude towards adventures?
A．Reserved. B．Supportive. C．Uncaring. D．Critical.
28．What is a disadvantage of adventure for parents according to Lara?
A．They fail to find useful guidance from professionals. B．They have much less time for themselves.
C．They are short of teaching materials. D．They can hardly afford it.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 10（2023·江西·濂溪一中校联考模拟预测）Diplomacy (外交) is an art. It requires not only strategy, but also
other aspects, including intuition, persuasion, and even tricks, human skills that have long been unreachable to even
the most powerful artificial intelligence (AI) approaches. Now, an AI algorithm (算法) from a high-tech company
has shown it can beat many humans in a game of diplomacy, which required both strategic planning and
negotiations with other players. The work, researchers said, could point the way toward virtual exercise coaches
and conflict mediators (调解员) .
AI has already beaten humans in some games of strategy. It is also proving powerful at natural-language
processing, in which it can generate humanlike text and carry on conversations. In the game of diplomacy, seven
players vied for control of Europe. On each turn, players issued orders regarding the movement of army and naval
units, following discussion with other players, whom they could attack or support.
There are two technical innovations noted by Jonathan Gratch, a computer scientist at the University of
Southern California who studies negotiation agents. First, the Al agent’s com-munication is grounded in multistep
planning. Second. the Al agent keeps its remarks and game play within the range of human common practice.
To test its skill, the researchers had the Al agent play 40 online games against humans. It placed in the top 10%
of players who’d played at least two games. “In a game that involves language and negotiation, that agents can
reach human equal level is very exciting,” said Yu, a computer scientist at Columbia University.
According to Brown, a computer scientist at the company who co-authored the paper, the work could lead to
practical applications in fields that now require a human touch. One specific example is that virtual personal
assistants might help consumers negotiate for better prices on plane tickets. Gratch and Yu both see opportunities
for agents that persuade people to make healthy choices or open up during therapy.
29．Who is likely to benefit from the research work?
A．A famous cyber athlete. B．A professor of civil law.
C．A professional accountant. D．A virtual fitness instructor.
30．What does the underlined word “vied” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Accounted. B．Apologized. C．Searched. D．Competed.
31．Why does the author mention AI agent?
A．To understand the thought of AI. B．To illustrate the advantages of AI.
C．To describe the importance of AI. D．To introduce the strategy of AI.
32．What is the best title for the text?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 11A．Diplomacy, a Popular Game B．AI Learns the Art of Diplomacy
C．Al Will Become a Perfect Diplomat D．An Excellent Game Player
（2023·河南·校联考模拟预测）The US government took extraordinary steps on Sunday after the historic
failure of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB), assuring depositors(存款人) at the institution that they would be able to
quickly access all of their money. The announcement came amid fears that the factors that caused the California-
based bank to fail could cause a banking contagion(漫延), and only a couple of hours before trading opened on
Asian markets.
The Treasury Department, the Federal Reserve and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) said on
Sunday that all SVB clients will be protected-including accounts that exceed the FDIC-insured limit of $250,000.
“Depositors will have access to all of their money starting on Monday, March 13. No losses associated with the
resolution of Silicon Valley Bank will be borne by the taxpayers,” the agencies said in a joint statement. “This step
will ensure that the US banking system continues to perform its vital roles in protecting deposits and providing
access to the money deposited in the bank for households and businesses in a manner that promotes strong and
sustainable economic growth.”
Regulators had worked over the weekend to try to come up with a buyer for SVB, the second-largest bank
failure in history. Those efforts appeared to have come up empty as of Sunday.
The regulators also announced that the New York-based Signature Bank had failed and its property was taken
on Sunday. At more than $110 billion in assets(资产), Signature Bank is now the third-largest bank failure in US
history. The officials also said that depositors at the bank, which was closed on Sunday by the New York state
financial regulator, would not bear the loss. Signature’s shareholders and unsecured debtors will not be protected,
and management has been removed, the officials said.
Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen had said earlier on Sunday that she was working with banking regulators to
respond after SVB became the largest bank to fail since the 2008 financial crisis, during which Washington Mutual
collapsed. SVB had $ 209 billion in assets and $175.4 billion in deposits at the time of failure, the FDIC said in a
statement. The bank mostly served technological companies. “We want to make sure that the troubles that exist at
one bank don’t create contagion to others,” Yellen told CBS’ Face the Nation.
33．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The cause of the failure of Silicon Valley Bank.
B．The drawback of the US banking system.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 12C．The reaction of the public to the step.
D．The purpose of the measure.
34．How did the regulators deal with the failure of the New York-based Signature Bank?
A．The unsecured debtors will bear the loss themselves.
B．The management of the bank is still in power temporarily.
C．The benefits of signature’s shareholders will be guaranteed.
D．It was closed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
35．What does the underlined word “collapse” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Come to light. B．Come to a conclusion.
C．Come to an end. D．Come to life.
36．Which can serve as the best title for the news report?
A．US to rescue failed banks’ depositors
B．Regulators try to come up with buyer for SVB
C．US banking system to promote economic growth
D．Factors causing SVB to fail lead to banking contagion
（2023·四川·模拟预测）More than 100 streets in New York City’s five boroughs (行政区) will go car-free to
celebrate Earth Day. For the fifth year in a row, the city will mark the occasion by closing streets to vehicles,
according to a news release from the NYC Department of Transportation. The closings will take place from 11 a.m.
to 5 p.m. on Saturday, April 23, 2022, the day after Earth Day is observed around the world.
“Earth Day is when we can all devote ourselves to protecting our Earth and one way we can do that is by
repurposing our roadways,” said Department of Transportation Commissioner Ydanis Rodriguez, according to the
release. “Car-Free Earth Day is a growing tradition that allows New York City’s car-free streets to come alive,” said
Rodriguez.
During the celebration, usually busy streets will be used for a variety of public programs including music,
dance, art, biking and education, according to the transportation department. Twenty-two public plazas and over
1,000 miles of bike network will be accessible.
In New York City, motor vehicles release 28% of the total emissions of nitrogen oxide, which can cause acid
rain and contribute to pollution, according to the city’s Department of Environmental Protection.
Steps have been taken to limit the environmental impact of motor vehicles. In 2021, Gov. Kathy Hochul
signed legislation (法规) setting a goal for all new passenger cars and trucks sold in New York to be zero-emissions
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 13by 2035.
“When we open streets to pedestrians ( 行 人 ) and cyclists, they become community spaces for our
neighborhoods and a benefit to our local small businesses,” said New York City Public Advocate Jumaane D．
Williams, according to the new release. “I’m glad this program has already experienced so much success, and I
hope that this initiative grows to include more spaces, especially in our outer boroughs.”
37．When did New York begin to close streets to vehicles to celebrate Earth Day?
A．In 2017.
B．In 2018.
C．In 2019.
D．In 2020.
38．What can we learn about Car-free Earth Day?
A．It will take place on April 22 in New York.
B．All the streets will be closed to motor vehicles.
C．It makes New York’s car-free streets come to life.
D．All the public plazas will be used for public programs.
39．What’s Jumaane Williams’s attitude towards the initiative?
A．Negative.
B．Pessimistic.
C．Concerned.
D．Positive.
40．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．New York will take an initiative to protect the Earth.
B．Many York City streets will be car-free for Earth Day.
C．How to celebrate Earth Day in New York City’s boroughs.
D．How to limit the environmental impact of motor vehicles.
（2023·河北石家庄·正定一中校考模拟预测）Towns across Italy have been racing to launch clever projects
aimed at encouraging new residents to revive (复兴) their fortunes in recent years. From old homes selling for little
more than a dollar to ready-to-occupy houses at knockdown prices, there’s been a crazy competition.
The town of Presicce in the sunny region of Puglia is the latest to enter the game with a tantalizing offer.
Officials say they’ll pay people up to 30,000 euros to buy an empty dwelling (住宅) and take up residency.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 14Even better, the houses for sale as part of the deal are priced from around 25,000 euros. Like other cheap
properties on sale across Italy, they’ve been long abandoned by their original owners. There’s an added bonus:
they’re surrounded by the nature of the Salento area and close to beautiful beaches and greenish-blue clear waters
of Santa Maria di Leuca.
“There’re many empty homes in the historical center built before 1991, which we’d like to see alive again with
new residents,” says local official Alfredo Palese. “It’s a pity to witness how our old districts full of history,
wonderful architecture and art are slowly emptying.”
“We’ll be offering up to 30,000 euros to people willing to move here and buy one of these abandoned
dwellings,” he adds. “The total funding will be split into two: it’ll go partly into buying an old home and partly into
restyling it, if needed.”
A 2019 merger (合并) with a neighboring community to create the larger town of Presicce-Acquarica has left
extra money to ensure the project can continue for years to come. “After the merger, our wider territory will be
blessed with more public funds, roughly 1,000,000 euros per year for several years forward, which we intend to
invest to revitalize the old district,” says Palese.
Together, Presicce and Acquarica have 9,000 residents but only half of them live in the older part of the
community. So the town hall has already launched other projects to attract more residents, including tax benefits to
set up new business activities and baby bonuses for families with kids.
41．What does the underlined word “tantalizing” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Attractive. B．Legal. C．Traditional. D．Worrying.
42．What is another advantage of the abandoned houses besides the price?
A．Their valuable furniture. B．Their incredible surroundings.
C．Their interesting owners. D．Their friendly atmosphere.
43．Why is the 2019 merger mentioned in the text?
A．It draws attention to the town. B．It cuts the cost of the project.
C．It provides more financial resources. D．It restyles abandoned dwellings.
44．What about the old district bothers the Presicce-Acquarica government?
A．Its forgotten history. B．Its low tax rates.
C．Its declining population. D．Its polluted environment.
（2023·江西赣州·统考一模）I saw the Swedish film adaptation (starred by Tobias Almborge and Anna-Lena
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 15Brudin ) of Fredrik Backman’s incredibly funny, heartbreaking novel “A Man Called Ove”. Toward the end of that
film, which was beautifully written and directed by Hannes Holm, there is a scene in which Ove, a widower (鳏夫)
in his 60s, takes his neighbors out for a drive. As they ride together, the normally unfriendly and severe Ove sighs,
allows himself a rare smile and says: “This is living.”
Most viewers probably didn’t give this little comment of Ove’s a second thought. For me, though, it marked
the turning point of Ove’s search for renewed purpose in his life.
In Ove, Backman has created a character who at times can be unreasonable, stubborn and even downright rude
- the sort of man whose shocking and morally unacceptable reactions to everyday situations become the subject of
comic anecdotes that are retold countless times by enemies and friends alike.
Many of the people telling those stories don’t realize, though, that much of Ove’s strange behavior is actually a
symptom of his private heartache. Widowed, living alone and recently pushed into retirement, Ove is struggling at
the outset of Backman’s story to find something worth living for, and his unwillingness to share with others what he
is going through serves only to further separate him from the world. Ove’s situation reminds me of the isolation we
all felt during the COVID pandemic. I saw along with everyone else how quickly loneliness and isolation can
influence harmony, driving people apart at a time when we need to connect to others the most.
Ove is just going on a drive with neighbors when he says, “This is living,” but I think he is feeling the way
many of us did when the pandemic became less serious and we began to reconnect with the world. In that moment,
Ove has started to find his new purpose just by allowing others back into his life and caring for them.
49．Who is the screenwriter of A Man Called Ove?
A．Tobias Almborge.
B．Anna-Lena Brudin.
C．Fredrik Backman.
D．Hannes Holm.
50．What can we know about Ove?
A．He was born with bad temper.
B．He is popular with people around.
C．He has integrated himself into society.
D．He suffers from social anxiety disorder.
51．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A．Ove’s present living situation.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 16B．The influence of the COVID pandemic.
C．The reasons behind Ove’s strange behavior.
D．The importance of relationship with others.
52．What is this text?
A．A diary entry.
B．A movie review.
C．A book introduction.
D．A short story.
（2023·江苏泰州·泰州中学校考一模）Standing on the shore of a lake. I can’t help but marvel at the tens or
hundreds of thousands of small rocks that surround my boots. They were all created from hard surfaces, their edges
softening over time.
And I wonder, can we learn from a pile of rocks?
Even the tallest mountains have worn down; none are as tall as they were 1.000 years ago. And much like a
rock, I’ve found my attitude has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip
around the sun.
Once I too was a sharp rock covered in pointy edges. Today, after decades of the waters of life coursing over
me, my edges are softer and more understanding. I’m less likely to judge and more interested in learning how we
can exist together.
But I’m not a rock. I’m a human being filled with all the drama built into my DNA．
Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several people to
leave for not wearing masks. Not forceful and not rude. On the door read a sign: “Please wear a mask before
entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to get through this together.”
The group of young men wished to argue about the note.
I sat watching, understanding both sides. I’ve been those guys before, using my youthful edges to chip away at
the world. What I lost, however, was the ability to grow from experiences by looking through the eyes of others. In
learning to be more open, I’ve also found more happiness and success.
You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to adjust and
make room for others; the latter never give an inch to accommodate others.
Time, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to seeing
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 17the world from another’s point of view.
I placed a rounded stone into my jacket pocket. Mother Nature is holding class again.
53．What does the author compare the rocks to?
A．People’s abilities. B．People’s personalities.
C．What nature offers us. D．Challenges we come across.
54．Why did the group of guys argue in the restaurant?
A．They were dissatisfied with the owner’s attitude to them.
B．They were unwilling to do what the owner wished them to.
C．They intended to skip out on the bill due to the poor service.
D．They were not allowed to leave the restaurant for their rudeness.
55．What does the author want to tell us with this text?
A．We should adjust to new conditions.
B．Be brave when in the face of difficulties in life.
C．It’s necessary to consider the feelings of others.
D．Being open and understanding brings you more happiness.
56．What might be the best title of the text?
A．Changing with Time B．Learning from Nature
C．Growing from Experiences D．Seeing from a Different Angle
（2023·湖北·校联考模拟预测）Scientist Erika Nesvold once asked a company aiming to mine the moon
how he planned to address risks that mining equipment might carry microbes (微生物) from Earth and pollute the
moon. The response: “We’ll worry about that later.”
That’s an irresponsible mindset when it comes to preparing for people to live and work in space, Nesvold
argues in her new book, Off-Earth. “... adopting a ‘worry about it later’ attitude...strikes me as a path to repeating
the tragedies of that history through ignorance.” Nesvold writes.
Off-Earth is an extension of her 2017 podcast (播客), Making New Worlds, which asked ethical (伦理的)
questions about space settlement. The book takes some of the same questions and expands on them.
Most chapters start with three short scenes, usually from different time periods. A chapter outlining debates
over whether to settle space at all starts by asking the reader to imagine being in the 1600s and deciding to uproot
your family and head to the New World. A chapter on how land usage and ownership rights might work in space
imagines a person recently freed from slavery in the U. S. South in 1865 and worrying that the new president will
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 18take back the land they finally own. The third scene is usually set in the year 2100, on a space settlement.
Then Nesvold examines how various ethical scenarios (场景) related to the chapter’s theme might play out in
space. She quotes experts in fields that don’t often come up in space science: ethics, philosophy, law. This approach
is a departure from many books about the future of life on the final frontier, forcing readers to face hard realities
and possible points of friction. To have the best chance of avoiding disaster, the time to consider those questions is
now, not later, even though space settlement may be decades or centuries away, Nesvold argues.
Off-Earth should be required reading for anyone who dreams about living in space and can help make our
earthbound civilizations better too.
57．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?
A．To clarify a concept. B．To introduce a topic.
C．To make a prediction. D．To generate a discussion.
58．What set(s) Off-Earth apart from others?
A．Its writing style. B．Its text structure.
C．Its story elements. D．Its writing techniques.
59．What’s Nesvold’s attitude to space settlement?
A．Cautious. B．Unclear.
C．Intolerant. D．Disapproving.
60．What is the text?
A．A short story. B．A news report.
C．A book review. D．A research essay.
（2023·湖南长沙·长沙市明德中学校考二模）If Egyptian comics artist and writer Deena Mohamed ever
encountered a genie(精灵), she knows what she’d wish for. She’d wish for everyone she loved to live to age 120.
And she’d wish for any book she ever wanted to read to appear right in front of her eyes.
“If I ever come across a genie, I have to be ready,” she says. “They have to be smart wishes.” Wishes are the
theme of her first graphic fantasy novel, Shubeik Lubeik, published this week by Pantheon Books. The book
follows Shokry, a grocer in Cairo, Egypt, as he tries to sell off three wishes he inherited from his father. He meets
three Egyptians whose lives can be radically transformed by the power of a wish.
The book highlights the fantastical — there are dragons, talking donkeys and a ridiculous scene where
someone wishes for a BMW and gets a toy car. But the story is also remarkably grounded in the realities of modern
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 19life in Egypt. It touches on the life of the poor, who must navigate complicated processes to get what they need.
One character, a poor woman named Aziza, picks up trash, scrubs floors and works numerous jobs to buy a wish —
only to find that before she can use it, she must register her wish with Egypt’s Ministry of Wishes. When she finally
gets in front of a government worker, they assume she has stolen the wish and confiscate(没收)it. Mohamed writes,
“What stands between you and your wish could be a government employee with paperwork on the fourth floor.”
Mohamed, 28, who was born and raised in Cairo, said, “It’s just the way I’ve experienced the world. So it’s the
way I built my own world.” The book won the top prize at the Cairo Comix Festival, an annual comics convention
for cartoonists in Egypt and the Middle East.
61．What do we know about Shubeik Lubeik?
A．Wishes are the theme of this comic book.
B．Mohamed is the main character of the book.
C．The book won the top prize awarded by Pantheon Books.
D．The book radically transformed the lives of three Egyptians.
62．What words can be used to describe the book?
A．Ridiculous and appealing. B．Fantastical and realistic.
C．Interesting and educational. D．Touching and complicated.
63．Why does the writer use the example of Aziza in her novel2
A．To imply the importance of wishes.
B．To show how hard-working the woman is.
C．To expose the corruption of the government.
D．To indicate how complicated the government’s work is.
64．What is the style of the passage?
A．A novel. B．A biography. C．A review. D．A guidance.
（2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考三模）“What if I told you that I murdered Basil?”
“You couldn’t murder anyone, Dorian. He probably fell into the Seine from a bus. By the way, where’s that
wonderful portrait he did of you? Oh! I remember now. You told me years ago that you sent it to Selby Manor and
that it got lost or stolen on the way. What a pity! I wanted to buy it. I wish I had now.” Lord Henry said.
“I never really liked it,” said Dorian.
“How have you kept your youth, Dorian? You must have some secret. I’m only ten years older than you are,
and I’m wrinkled and old. Please, tell me your secret. To get back my youth, I’d do anything in the world, except
take exercise, get up early, or be respectable.”
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 20When Dorian arrived home that night, he sent his servant to bed, and sat down on the sofa in the library. Then
he began to think about his life.
“I’ve been an evil influence on my friends, and I’ve ruined the lives of many good young people,” he thought,
“Ah! Why did I pray for the portrait to grow old, and for me to stay young? I worshiped beauty and eternal youth,
but they ruined me. It’s better not to think of the past. Nothing can change that. I must think of the future. James
Vane is dead. Alan Campbell is dead, too. He shot himself one night in his laboratory.”
“I’m safe now,” he continued. “Basil painted the portrait that ruined my life. I can’t forgive him for that.
Everything is the portrait’s fault.”
He began to wonder about the portrait. “If I’m good, maybe the portrait will become beautiful again,” he
thought. “I’ll go and look.”
He took the lamp from the table and went upstairs. As he unlocked the door, he smiled. “Yes, I’ll be good,” he
thought, “I won’t be frightened of this portrait any more.”
He went upstairs to the room and locked the door. Then he pulled the purple cloth off the portrait. He gave a
cry of pain. The portrait was more horrible. His face looked more evil. There was new blood on the hand and on the
feet.
Dorian trembled with fear. Dorian looked round the room and saw the knife that stabbed Basil Hallward. It
was bright and shining.
“This knife killed the artist, and now it will kill the artist’s work,” he thought.
He grabbed the knife, and then he stabbed the portrait with it.
65．What do we know about Lord Henry from the passage?
A．He doubted slightly whether Dorian murdered Basil.
B．He would do whatever he could to get back his youth.
C．The portrait he wanted to buy was stolen by Selby Manor.
D．The truth about how Dorian kept his youth was hidden from him.
66．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Dorian admitted he was badly affected by his friends.
B．Alan Campbell shot himself one night in his laboratory.
C．Dorian blamed his sufferings on the portrait and Basil.
D．Dorian wanted to kill himself so that the portrait could become normal.
67．What does the underlined word “worshiped” mean in paragraph 6?
A．Admired. B．Deserved. C．Maintained. D．Ignored.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 2168．Why did Dorian stab the portrait at the end of the story?
A．Because the portrait aroused too much curiosity of his friends.
B．Because the portrait reflecting his soul made him suffer great pain.
C．Because he was jealous of the portrait which would never grow old.
D．Because he thought the portrait would take his youth and beauty away.
真题演练
2023年阅读理解
Passage 1
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the
book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader
appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’
representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections
between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book
as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —
absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds
of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of
the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in
their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the
raw material for artworks — transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page
outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as
any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages
parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly
networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance
of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
8. Where is the text most probably taken from?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 22A. An introduction to a book. B. An essay on the art of writing.
C. A guidebook to a museum. D. A review of modern paintings.
9. What are the selected artworks about?
A. Wealth and intellect. B. Home and school.
C. Books and reading. D. Work and leisure.
10. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Understand. B. Paint.
C. Seize. D. Transform.
11. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader?
A. The printed book is not totally out of date.
B. Technology has changed the way we read.
C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D. People now rarely have the patience to read.
【2023年全国甲卷】 I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. It
was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me
and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学).
That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people
who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you — and then try to explain them.
Eric Weiner’s The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love
for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work
in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder
like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a
book about understanding philosophy, is a book abour learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he
does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in
history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own
interpretation.
The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually
pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 23a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It’s worth your time, even if time is
something we don’t have a lot of.
28. Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?
A. Foucault. B. Eric Weiner.
C. Jostein Gaarder. D. A college teacher.
29. Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?
A. To compare Weiner with them.
B. To give examples of great works.
C. To praise their writing skills.
D. To help readers understand Weiner’s book.
30. What does the author like about The Socrates Express?
A. Its views on history are well-presented.
B. Its ideas can be applied to daily life.
C. It includes comments from readers.
D. It leaves an open ending.
31. What does the author think of Weiner’s book?
A. Objective and plain.
B. Daring and ambitious.
C. Serious and hard to follow.
D. Humorous and straightforward.
D. Humorous and straightforward.
【2023年浙江卷1月】A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate.
Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human
opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents
and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such
wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond,
professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage
at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the
least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 24specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols
mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work
with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What
matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they
mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the
content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in
society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from
machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates
and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?
A. To explain the use of a software program.
B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
29. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences.
30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond?
A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning.
C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words.
31. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
2022年阅读理解
Passage1
【2022年全国乙卷】In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.—Dorothy
Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room
schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead,
Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 25subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden,
who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter.
Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had
undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of
snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the
schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course
influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in
blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to
some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When
the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was
marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
4. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?
A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history.
C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing.
5. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?
A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub.
.
C They lived with the local kids. D. They suffered severe hardships.
6. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising?
A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead.
C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West.
7. What is the text?
A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary entry.
2020年阅读理解
Passage1
【2020年新课标Ⅲ】When “Rise of the Planet of the Apes” was first shown to the public last month, a group
of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren’t there to throw red paint on fur-coat-
wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the
filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 26The creative team behind “Apes” used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals,
spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor’s performance and later processes it with
computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One
nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more
than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants,” “The Hangover Part
Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper,” have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated
properly.
In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it’s
the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made
outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.
24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard?
A. To see famous film stars.
B. To oppose wearing fur coats.
C. To raise money for animal protection.
D. To express thanks to some filmmakers.
25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The cost of making “Apes.”
B. The creation of digitalized apes.
C. The publicity about “Apes.”
D. The performance of real apes.
26. What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Listing completely.
B. Directing professionally.
C. Promoting successfully.
D. Watching carefully.
27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?
A. They may be badly treated.
B. They should take further training.
C. They could be traded illegally
D. They would lose popularity.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 27Passage2
【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独),
more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the
ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of
multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing
machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke
more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”
And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes,
I think I would.”
It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been
rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together
had risen from 325,000 in 2001to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents;
many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-
olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in
Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted.
In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they
get married.
28. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?
A. Nick. B. Rita. C. Kathryn D. The daughters.
29. What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law?
A. Positive. B. Carefree. C. Tolerant. D. Unwilling.
30. What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on?
A. Family traditions. B. Financial reports. C. Published statistics. D. Public opinions.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. Lifestyles in different countries. B. Conflicts between generations.
C. A housing problem in Britain. D. A rising trend of living in the UK.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 28Passage 3
【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in
Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted
to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among
the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where
millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a
strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his
colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.
This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society.
In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police
methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral(葬礼)followed by a strange
drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles
from the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded
picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his
delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage.
Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
8. What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan?
A. His friends' invitation. B. His interest in the country.
C. His love for teaching. D. His desire to regain health.
9. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Developing a serious mental disease.
B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
10. Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell's road trip in Uzbekistan?
A. Romantic. B. Eventful. C. Pleasant. D. Dangerous.
11. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To introduce a book. B. To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C. To remember a writer. D. To recommend a travel destination.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 29Passage 4
【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷（海南卷）】In May 1987 the Golden Gate Bridge had a 50th birthday party.
The bridge was closed to motor traffic so people could enjoy a walk across it. Organizers expected perhaps 50,000
people to show up. Instead, as many as 800, 000 crowded the roads to the bridge. By the time 250,000 were on the
bridge, engineers noticed something terrible：the roadway was flattening under what turned out to be the heaviest
load it had ever been asked to carry. Worse, it was beginning to sway（晃动）. The authorities closed access to the
bridge and tens of thousands of people made their way back to land. A disaster was avoided.
The story is one of scores in To Forgive Design：Understanding Failure, a book that is at once a love letter to
engineering and a paean（赞歌）to its breakdowns. Its author, Dr. Henry Petroski, has long been writing about
disasters. In this book, he includes the loss of the space shuttles（航天飞机）Challenger and Columbia, and the
sinking of the Titanic.
Though he acknowledges that engineering works can fail because the person who thought them up or
engineered them simply got things wrong, in this book Dr. Petroski widens his view to consider the larger context
in which such failures occur. Sometimes devices fail because a good design is constructed with low quality
materials incompetently applied. Or perhaps a design works so well it is adopted elsewhere again and again, with
seemingly harmless improvements, until, suddenly, it does not work at all anymore.
Readers will encounter not only stories they have heard before, but some new stories and a moving discussion
of the responsibility of the engineer to the public and the ways young engineers can be helped to grasp them.
"Success is success but that is all that it is," Dr. Petroski writes. It is failure that brings improvement.
8. What happened to the Golden Gate Bridge on its 50th birthday?
A. It carried more weight than it could.
B. It swayed violently in a strong wind
C. Its roadway was damaged by vehicles
D. Its access was blocked by many people.
.
9. Which of the following is Dr Petroski's idea according to paragraph 3?
A. No design is well received everywhere
B. Construction is more important than design.
C. Not all disasters are caused by engineering design
D. Improvements on engineering works are necessary.
10. What does the last paragraph suggest?
A. Failure can lead to progress. B. Success results in overconfidence
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 30C. Failure should be avoided. D. Success comes from joint efforts.
11. What is the text?
A. A news report B. A short story.
C. A book review D. A research article.
2019年
Passage1
【2019年浙江卷6月】Money with no strings attached. It’s not something you see every day. But at Union
Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read,
"Give What You Can, Take What You Need."
People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board.
“People of all ages, races, and socio-economic(社会经济的)backgrounds gave and took, ”said Tyler Bridges of The
Toolbox, which created the project. "We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few
dollars." Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video
clip(片段)shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.
“What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,” Bridges said. “There’s a
certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most." Most people who took
dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.
While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity
and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on
the Internet.
“After all, everyone has bad days and good days," he said. “Some days you need a helping hand and some
days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”
24. What does the expression "money with no strings attached" in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Money spent without hesitation.
B. Money not legally made.
C. Money offered without conditions.
D. Money not tied together.
25. What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?
A. Women tended to be more sociable.
B. The activity attracted various people.
C. Economic problems were getting worse.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 31D. Young couples needed financial assistance.
26. Why did Bridges carry out the project?
A. To do a test on people’s morals.
B. To raise money for his company.
C. To earn himself a good reputation.
D. To promote kindness and sympathy.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 32
