文档内容
上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
上海市七宝中学 2022 学年高二第一学期期末考试
英语试卷
I. Listening Comprehension (25’)
Section A (10’)
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end
of each conversation, a question will be asked about it. The conversations and questions will be
spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible
answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. She felt very relaxed. B. She always travels by air.
C. She arrived early in the afternoon. D. She thought the flight was too long.
2. A. When do you usually go to bed?
B. How often do you eat take-aways?
C. What would you like to have, beef or chicken?
D Are you travelling by car or using public transport?
.
3. A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six
4. A. Because he loves coke. B. Because he is on a diet.
C. Because he has to drive. D. Because he doesn’t like wine.
5. A. You should wear training shoes at all time.
B You are not allowed to use all the equipment.
.
C You have to learn to use all the equipment first.
.
D. You should go there between 7:00 am and 11:30 pm.
6. A. It is not easy to find her new flat.
B. She wants to make friends with him.
C. If the man gets lost he can call her for help.
D. The man has a very poor sense of direction.
7. A. She thinks her sister is very good.
B. She thinks her sister spends too much money.
C. She is proud since her sister studies in a very famous college.
D. She is jealous because their father gives her sister more money.
第 1 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
8. A. 500. B. 98,542. C 497.30. D. 98,000.
9. A. Wait outside the car. B. Don’t get too close to the car.
C. Park the car on the hard shoulder. D. Get out of there before it gets dark.
10. A. He needs to open a new account.
B. The field trip is put off until next year.
C. He is waiting for some equipment to arrive.
D. Someone in his group has got into some trouble.
Section B (15’)
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you
will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read
twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four
possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question
you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
12. A. Humor can liven up the classroom atmosphere.
B. Humor can help put people at ease and create harmony.
C. Humor is highly valued only in English-speaking countries.
D. Jokes are so common that doctors and teachers love to tell them.
13. A. After the hour-long session, the woman didn’t make any progress.
B. The psychiatrist agreed to move his couch to the other side of the room against the wall.
C. Because the woman was so bossy, the roles of psychiatrist and patient were reversed.
D. The woman planned to convince the psychiatrist in an hour, but it took only fifty minutes.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. To tell everything you remember about a book, movie, or lecture to your listener.
B. To share your newfound knowledge with your friends, classmates or roommates.
C. To select the major points or highlights of a book, movie, or lecture and tell these to your listeners.
D. To keep in mind any clues your teacher has given you in class to indicate what he or she considers important.
15. A. Focus on one part and describe it in detail.
B. Don’t give away the ending in my summary.
C. Make my summary extremely complete as well as accurate.
第 2 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
D Organize my thoughts carefully and make my summary as brief as possible.
.
16. A. Outline and paraphrase what I’ve seen.
B. Describe just one scene in detail and even skip the ending.
C. Remember everything of the movie and tell them to my friend.
D. Watch carefully for the main points and highlights and take notes.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. The new office is too small.
B. He hates to unwrap all the boxes.
C. He needs a printer right now to print out some chart.
D. He doesn’t know how to connect the printer to the network.
18. A. Still wrapped in plastic.
B. On Tiffany’s desk.
C. To the left of Greg’s desk.
D. On the shelf at the ending of the corridor.
19. A. Under the printer. B. On the shelf, under the clock.
C. In the box which says “Printing”. D. In the bottom drawer of Ray’s desk.
20. A The printer is out of paper.
B Some office equipment is still wrapped in plastic
C Some office equipment isn’t connected to the network yet.
D There’s only power cables and ink cartridges in the “Printing” box.
II. Grammar (15’)
(A)
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
As a liberal arts teacher, it is my more often average to find myself obligated(不得不) to speak to my students
about books that I haven’t read, ____1____ in the strict sense (having never opened them) or the attenuated(宽松的)
sense (having only skimmed them or almost forgotten them). I am not sure whether I have dealt with this sort of
situations better than my colleagues. But I have often attempted ____2____ (reassure) myself with the thought that
those who are listening to me are no doubt on similar ground and are probably ____3____ (confident) about it than I
第 3 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
am. Of course, there is always a risk that my class will be disrupted and I will find myself humiliated, if even one of
my students has read the text I’m discussing.
As a result of such all-too-familiar situations, I believe I am well positioned, if not to offer any real lesson on
____4____ to talk with others about unread books, at least to convey a deeper understanding of the non-reader’s
experience.
Admit it or not, we still live in a society, on the decline though it may be, ____5____ reading remains the object
of a kind of worship. This worship ____6____ (apply) particularly to a number of books —the list may vary based
on the circles one moves in —which it is practically forbidden not to have read if one wants to be taken seriously.
To speak without shame about books we haven’t read, we would thus need to free ourselves of the oppressive
image of cultural literacy ____7____ (impose) by school and society, for we can strive toward this image for a
lifetime ____8____ ever managing to coincide with it. Truth destined for others is less important than truthfulness to
ourselves, something attainable only by those who free themselves from the obligation to seem cultivated, which
tyrannizes(欺压) us from within and prevents us from being ourselves.
(B)
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Cinema
It’s so magical - I don’t know why - to go into a theater and have the lights go down. It’s very quiet, and then
the curtains start to open. Maybe they’re red. And you go into a world.
It’s beautiful when it’s ____9____ shared experience. It’s still beautiful when you’re at home and your theater
is in front of you, though it’s not quite ____10____ good. It’s way much better on a big screen. That’ the way to go
into a world.
Cinema is a language. It can say things - big, abstract things. And I love that about it.
I’m not always good with words. Some people are poets and have a beautiful way of saying things with words.
But cinema is its own language. And with it you can say so many things, mainly ____11____ you’ve got time and
sequences. You’ve got dialogue. You’ve got music. You’ve got sound effects. You have so many tools. And so you
can express a feeling and a thought that can’t be conveyed any other way. It’s a magical medium.
For me, it’s so beautiful to think about these pictures and sounds ____12____ (flow) together in time and in
sequence, making something that can be done only through cinema. It’s not just words or music - it’s a whole range
of elements coming together and making something that ____13____ (not exist) before. It’s telling stories. It’s
第 4 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
devising a world, an experience, that people cannot have ____14____ they see that film.
When I catch an idea for a film, I fall in love with the way ____15____ cinema can express it. I like a story that
holds abstractions, and that’s what cinema can do.
III. Vocabulary (20’)
(A)
Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do
note that there is one word more than you need in each passage.
A. occasional B. one-dimensional C. path D. intentionally E. portrayed F. counter
G. downsides H. representation I. lacked J. similarly K. sophisticated
Mad Science
Until relatively recently, popular media neglected fact-checking and mostly offered negative, mad scientist-
oriented stereotypes. A survey of more than a thousand horror films from 1931 to 1984 found that a third ____16____
“scientists or their creations as villains or monsters,” while merely 11 percent painted them as heroes. Later, a 2003
study____17____ concluded that even “good” movie scientists (across genres) commonly succumbed to evil and
corruption.
Onscreen researchers also typically ____18____ complex storylines, or even details of their personal lives, the
2003 article found. That’s a problem because most people don’t know scientists themselves and form opinions based
on the media they consume, leading to a dehumanizing effect.
Factual errors and ____19____ portrayals have real-world consequences. As of 1981, people who frequently
watched TV were more likely than ____20____ viewers to mistrust science, view it as dangerous and reject the entire
career ____21____.
That’s the primary reason why researchers work on Hollywood projects: to ____22____ these misconceptions.
Satisfyingly, ____23____ has improved in recent decades, likely because it’s far more common to recruit
science consultants. Now, audience expect more ____24____ explanations behind far-out plots. These days, it’s now
impossible for films to get away with these silly stereotypes, unless it’s a horror film or comedy. Hollywood now
tends to heroize scientists, but glorifying the profession also has its ____25____ : It may obscure the fact that
researchers are human and can make human mistakes too.
(B)
Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do
note that there is one word more than you need in each passage.
第 5 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
A. guarantee B. boost C. barely D. distractions E. literally F. spare
G. towering H. critical I. excessive J. packing K. available
It Doesn’t Have to be Crazy at Work
How often have you heard someone say “It’s crazy at work”? Maybe you’ve even said it yourself. For many
,
“It’s crazy at work” has become their normal. But why so crazy?
There are two primary reasons: (1) The workday is being sliced into tiny, fleeting work moments by an onslaught
of physical and virtual ____26____. (2)And an unhealthy obsession with growth at any cost set ___27___,
unrealistic expectations that stress people out.
It’s no wonder people are working longer, earlier, later, on weekends, and whenever they have a(n) ____28____
moment. That turns life into work’s left-overs. The doggie bag.
What’s worse is that long hours, ____29____ busyness, and lack of sleep have become a badge of honor for
many people these days. Sustained exhaustion is not a badge of honor. Instead, it’s a(n) ____30____ of a physical
and mental breakdown.
Besides, everyone’s talking about how to ____31____ productivity these days. There’s an endless stream of
methodologies and tools promising to make people more productive. But more productive at what?
Productivity is for machines, not for people. There’s nothing meaningful about ____32____ some number of
work units into some amount of time or squeezing more into less. Machines can ____33____ work 24/7, but humans
can’t.
When people focus on productivity, they end up focusing on being busy. Filling every moment with something
to do. And there’s always more to do!
But we should not believe in busyness. We should believe in effectiveness. How little can we do? How much
can we cut out? Instead of adding to-dos, we add to-don’ts.
Being productive is about occupying your time - filling your schedule to the brim and getting as much done as
you can. Being effective is about finding more of your time unoccupied and ____34____ for other things besides
work. Time for leisure, time for family and friends. Or time for doing absolutely nothing.
Yes, it is perfectly acceptable to have nothing to do. Or, better yet, nothing worth doing. If you’ve only got three
hours of work to do on a given day, then stop. Don’t fill your day with five more just to stay busy or feel productive.
Not doing something that is ____35____ worth doing is a wonderful way to spend your time.
IV. Cloze (30’)
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words marked A, B, C and
第 6 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
(A)
Blind boxes originated in Japan. As the name implies, they are boxes that may contain surprise or ____36____
The buyer has no idea what the contents will be inside because each series has twelve same ____37____ packing
boxes. Blind box collectors usually spend ____38____ to get the secret toy. The more they buy, the more they
want. It is apparent that this cannot be explained by traditional economics--the marginal benefit is ____39____--
buying an additional unit of product will cause the additional benefit to decrease. However, for consumers of blind
boxes, the more they pay, the more they want.
Digging deeper into the issue, you will learn the very marketing of blind boxes is called ____40____ selling.
The possibility to get a secret one is 1/144. Research has shown that blind box is the easiest approach for the
shoppers to fall in love and become ____41____ customers. One of the most popular blind box brands Pop Mart
____42____ 8.18 billion yuan in sales in the first half of 2020. For shoppers, uncertainty about the box content
____43____ excitement and surprise combined, a potential neural hit in the brain typically experienced by
gamblers and thrill-seekers, thus making consumers have the desire to ____44____ the purchases. Blind boxes are
not exactly a(n) ____45____, but represent a harmless rush of adrenaline (肾上腺素) for Generation Z, a consumer
born in the period from mid-to-late-1990s to early 2010s.
Why are blind boxes so popular among Gen Z? Well, these are consumers raised in a relatively good period
characterized by abundant ____46____, when demand for food and clothing was easily met. ____47____, the
pursuit of consumption that can pack in special excitement and surprise leads them to products like blind boxes.
Blind boxes can be used as a tool to clearly identify target consumers and their needs. Ever since Pop Mart
launched its first store in Beijing in 2010, it has been ____48____ and upgrading the products to figure out and suit
the consumers'' tastes.
While trying to stimulate consumption demand with blind boxes, companies should be aware of the hidden
risks. They should not hold the surprise tricks as a way to ____49____ consumers. Consumers may not return for
purchases if they feel cheated once. Without ____50____ products that deliver value, no company can go far. Once
the wave of blind boxes subsides, a company without good products may never be able to catch the next wave.
36. A. disappointment B. curiosity C. wonder D. confusion
37. A. fabulous B. external C. visible D. plastic
38. A. wisely B. pleasantly C. heavily D. freely
39. A. below the average B. beyond their imagination C. within their reach D. on the decline
40. A. intensive B. panic C. competitive D. probabilistic
第 7 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
41. A. regular B. original C. casual D. satisfied
42. A. chased B. generated C. expected D. reinvested
43. A. demonstrates B. releases C. equals D. expresses
44. A. encourage B. confirm C. transfer D. repeat
45. A. trend B. amusement C. addiction D. trouble
46. A. devices B. supplies C. opportunities D. choices
47. A. As a result B. By contrast C. In other words D. On one hand
48. A. exploring B. utilizing C. maintaining D. transporting
49. A. entertain B. fool C. safeguard D. charge
50. A. fashionable B. solid C. profitable D. native
(B)
If at first you don’t succeed, as the old saying goes, try, try again. Good advice, up to a point. But let me offer
a ____51____: even when you do succeed, try, try again. Tempting as it is to declare victory and move on, in many
endeavors there is much to be said for rethinking an apparently satisfactory formula.
Consider the advice for job interviews in Talent, a new book by economist Tyler Cowen and venture capitalist
Daniel Gross. They suggest asking a(n) ____52____ question, such as “give me an example of when you resolved a
difficult challenge at work.” Then ask for another example. And another. The pat answers will be ____53____
quickly, and the candidate will have to start improvising, digging deep — or perhaps admit to being stumped.
Indeed, one way to describe this tactic is that the interviewer is asking for answers in ____54____ rather than
for answers in series. Instead of stringing together a logical sequence of 17 questions, the interviewer is asking for
17 different answers to the same question.
While that approach is ____55____ in job interviews, it is common practice among designers. They often
produce several ____56____ attempts to meet a given brief, rather than immediately focusing on what seems to be
the best idea. In doing so, the designers force themselves to ____57____ the full range of possibilities, to avoid the
risk of committing too early to a concept that seems attractive but may ____58____ be a dead end.
A striking example of parallel design is the creation of the Windows 95 startup sound. Microsoft was looking
for an opportunity to ____59____ the audio capabilities of the computers of the day, so it is commissioned the
famed music producer Brian Eno to do so.
Eno recalls receiving a brief, asking for music that was “inspirational, sexy, driving, provocative, nostalgic...
there were about 150 _____60_____. And then at the bottom it said, ‘and not more than 3.8 seconds long’”.
Eno describes himself as being “completely bereft of ideas” at the time. He found the brief both hilarious and
第 8 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
inspiring. In the end he _____61_____ more than 80 tiny pieces of music. The final result was a musical signature
that has stood the test of time and was one that helped to creatively liberate Eno. “It really _____62_____ a logjam
in my own work,” he told The San Francisco Chronicle.
Bill Burnett and Dave Evans, in their delightful book Designing Your Life, suggest an exercise in which you
sketch out a vision for the next five years of your life. What will you be doing? Where will you live and with
whom? Are you hoping to run a marathon? Start a business? Write a novel?
This is often a straightforward act of _____63_____, but what makes the exercise excruciating is what comes
next: Burnett and Evans ask you to do it again, only this time, you’re to write an entirely different projection — the
idea at the heart of the plan is one that is completely forbidden: Forcing yourself to go back to the _____64_____
board, not only a second, but a third time.
I’ve tried this myself and seen others try it. People squirm. They protest. Sometimes they cry. And then,
sooner or later, the ideas start pouring out.
We all contain _____65_____. But we don’t always let them see the light of day. Perhaps we should try
producing answers in parallel more often. Even when you do succeed, try, try again.
51. A. suggestion B. promotion C. recommendation D. modification
52. A. routine B. academic C. personal D. controversial
53. A. presented B. exhausted C. challenged D. accepted
54. A. style B. parallel C. detail D. privacy
55. A. fundamental B. flexible C. unconventional D. practical
56. A. distinct B. determined C. deliberate D. vain
57. A. dismiss B. restrict C. explore D. overlook
58. A. inevitably B. accidentally C. theoretically D. eventually
59. A. scale up B. figure out C. experiment on D. show off
60. A. adjectives B. statements C. variables D. copyrights
61. A. purchased B. composed C. performed D. appreciated
62. A. exhibited B. created C. broke D. underestimated
63. A. aggressiveness B. imagination C. wisdom D. will
64. A. dart B. score C. drawing D. notice
65. A. emotions B. ambitions C. desires D. multitudes
V. Reading Comprehension (30’)
Section A (22’)
第 9 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose
the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Fatherhood is seen as dispensable. People freely and frequently undermine a dad’s role in Child-rearing by
assuming that he can’t possibly be in charge of a baby on his own or by suggesting that he is such a great dad
because he spent ten minutes rocking his own child to sleep. What a hero — doing something that he shouldn’t
have to do because, if we’re all honest, it’s a mum’s job.
Stories of fathers in the media tend to focus on their absence. Until relatively recently, fathers were either
missing, played a very specific and distant role of breadwinner, or were hapless idiots incapable of using a washing
machine. We’re programmed to believe that fathers don’t possess the ‘nurturing gene’ and that this should be the
sole responsibility of the mother. The thing is, that is bullshit. Like mothers, fathers have been shaped by evolution
to be biologically, psychologically and behaviorally primed to parent. The hormonal and brain changes seen in new
mothers are mirrored in fathers. Their ability to parent is not based on biology; it is based on how much time they
spend with their children.
Nonetheless, no matter how hard couples try to re-balance the caring duties, we continue to bang our heads
against a gendered wall. Our heads — and the heads of almost everyone around us — are filled with nonsense by
advertisers and the media who love nothing more than creating a “gender war” out of everything. So even though
it’s 2021 and science is telling us the complete opposite, the narrative remains that women are better and more
“natural” carers, that they’re the only ones who can multi-task, men don’t really care about children — and are
dangerous around them — and so on.
All of this can be hard to dismantle when you realize that the only way you can make ends meet is for the
mother to stay off work or go down to part-time when the baby arrives, and for the dad to stay full-time with a
killer commute. And of course it’s true that some of us end up internalizing all of this and start to believe the
gender stereotypes.
66. The underlined word “dispensable” means “________”.
A. determining and profound B. incompetent and punishing
C. not necessary or essential D. not attractive or appealing
67. Which of the following statements will the author agree with?
A. A father who spends ten minutes rocking his kid to sleep should be regarded as a hero.
B. Women’ s better parenting abilities is mainly predetermined by their biological features.
第 10 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
C. The more time a father spends with his kids, the better he will be at looking after them.
D. Women are the only ones who can keep the balance between their work and career.
68. What is the author’s attitude towards the current distribution of parenting duties?
A. favourable B. indifferent C. biased D. discontented
69. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. Desperate Housewives. B. The Absence of Fatherhood.
C. Happy Wife, Happy Life. D. The Manhood Crisis.
(B)
I wonder if you realize just how many others share your problem. It is so common for people to distort the
truth about themselves. Sometimes it’s just an invented excuse when you’re late for something or a pretence that
you like someone you don’t. These white lies don’t usually harm anyone and indeed often help smooth over
difficult social situations. They certainly are embarrassing if exposed but, one the whole, they’re easily forgiven.
What you describe is a habit of lying that is more serious than this. I suspect that the lies you tell are ways of
defending an idea you have of your own worth. People who have doubts about their own self-esteem often worry
that others will judge them as harshly as they feel they deserve because of a secret idea that they are pretty
worthless. In other words, they create a false picture of themselves, a picture of someone who meets all the
expectations they think others have of them. And as you say, that causes problems - since they have to keep living
up to that image. At the same time, they have to tell further lie to cover the stories they have already told.
According to some authorities, this is particularly among women especially those who have few opportunities to
develop an adequate sense of self-worth.
I suggest you give yourself one day during which you stick solidly to the truth about yourself. Give yourself
a small treat at the end of the day if you have managed to keep it up. Wait a week and then try again. Once you
have achieved three separate lie-free days, see if you can cope with three days running, then extend it to a whole
week. Don’t make a promise to yourself that you will never lie again because almost certainly you will - it’s too
much to take on at once. Try to change things little by little, by setting yourself manageable targets. After a while,
you’ll wonder why you ever had the problem at all.
70. This passage is a reply to someone who ________.
A. keeps a habit of lying for vain reasons
B. works hard to meet others’ expectations
第 11 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
C. thinks too highly of himself
D. doesn’t know how to make realistic plans
71. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. White lies often cause embarrassment and cannot be overlooked.
B. It’s important for women to have an adequate sense of self-worth.
C. Goals are hard to achieve without constant small treats.
D. One should stick to his promise regardless of any difficulty.
72. In the last paragraph the writer implies that ________.
A. you will solve the problem with patience and a strong will
B. you must be hard on yourself to accomplish something
C. your problem lies in the fact that you hasten to make promises
D. you must set different targets at different stages of your life
(C)
The Supreme Court’s decision on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine
seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.
Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect
supported the medical principle of “double effect”, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having
two effects — a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen — is permissible if the actor intends
only the good effect.
Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally
ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.
Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who
“until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their
pain if that might hasten death.”
George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor
prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the
drug to hasten death. “It’s like surgery,” he says. “We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t
intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you’re a physician, you can risk your patient’s
suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide.”
On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been
fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
第 12 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science
(NAS) released a two-volume report, “Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life”. It identifies the
under-treatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and
even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care.
The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive
pain management therapies, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.
Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into
better care, “Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and
predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse”. He says medical licensing boards
“must make it clear that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in
license suspension”.
73. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that ________.
A. doctors used to increase drug dosage to control their patients’ pain
B. it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives
C. the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide
D. patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide
74. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A. Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients’ death.
B. Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.
C. The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.
D. A doctor’s medication is no longer justified by his intentions.
75. According to the NAS’s report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is ________.
A. prolonged medical procedures B. inadequate treatment of pain
C. systematic drug abuse D. insufficient hospital care
76. George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they ________.
A. manage their patients incompetently
B. give patients more medicine than needed
C. reduce drug dosages for their patients
D. prolong the needless suffering of the patients
Section B (8’)
Direction: In the article, 4 sentences have been removed. Choose the most suitable ones from the
第 13 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
list A-AC to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There are TWO which do not fit in any of the
gaps.
(D)
Why we should spare parasites
Growing up, Chelsea Wood dreamed of becoming a marine biologist and studying large, exciting animals like
sharks. Instead, she later found herself peering through a microscope at the organs of a snail. She had often plucked
snails off rocks and collected them in buckets, but she had never looked inside of one. Seen through the microscope,
they are surprisingly charming. “I couldn’t believe that I’d been looking at snails for as long as I had and missing all
the cool stuff,” says wood. “I just totally fell in love with them.”
Nearly half of all known animals are parasites. One study projects that a tenth of them may be doomed to
extinction because of climate change, loss of their hosts, and deliberate attempts at eradication. Though it seems few
people care — or even notice.
______77______. But most parasites have evolved not to kill their hosts, and not all of them even cause
noticeable harm to them.
Scientists warn of dire consequences if we continue to ignore the dangerous situation of parasites. Not only are
some of them useful to humans [such as medicinal leeches, still employed in some surgeries], but they also play
crucial roles in ecosystems, keeping some populations in check while helping to feed others.
Some experts say there’s an aesthetic argument for saving them. ______78______. They’ve evolved clever
means of survival, from becoming a fish’s tongue to controlling the minds of cockroaches.
We’ve barely begun to identify all the parasites. “That’s just not something that we’ve prioritized,” says Skylar
Hopkins, an ecologist at North Carolina State University. So, Hopkins pulled together a group of scientists interested
in parasites, and they started sharing what they knew.
Since parasites rely on other species, they can be easily hurt, Take, for example, the endangered pygmy hog-
sucking louse. It only lives on another species that is itself endangered, the pygmy hog, which is disappearing fast.
Then there’s the California condor louse. In the 1970s, desperate to save the California condor, biologists began
raising them in captivity. Part of the protocol was to delouse every bird, on the assumption that parasites were bad
for condors, though it’s not clear that they actually were.
While the death of parasites might seem like no big deal, ecologists caution that wiping them out could end up
dooming the planet. ______79______. Big predators would lose out too. Many parasites move into their next host
by manipulating the host they’re in, which drives that host into a predator’s mouth so that the predator can be fed.
Even human health wouldn’t entirely benefit from wiping out parasites. The human immune system evolved
第 14 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
alongside a group of parasites, and if we were to kill them off, our immune systems would then began attacking
ourselves.
However, scientists aren’t out to save all parasites. The Guinea worm, for instance, should not be spared. It
grows inside a person’s abdomen, causing harm to one’s health.
If anyone would want to get rid of all parasites, you’d think it would be Bobbi Pritt. As medical director for the
Mayo Clinic’s human parasitology lab, Pritt identifies harmful parasites found all over the country and in every body
part. Yet even Pritt has a soft spot for parasites. As a physician, she favors wiping out parasites that cause disease
and suffering. ______80______.
Ultimately, we do not want a war against all of them, because there’s still so much we don’t understand.
A. Without parasites keeping them in check, the populations of certain animals would explode.
B. Beyond their aesthetic or scientific importance, parasites are an integral part of the biosphere.
C. Parasites are sometimes rejected by the scientific communities that study the animal world because they rely on
a host.
D. “But as a biologist,” she says, “purposefully trying to make something extinct just doesn’t sit well with me.”
E. Therefore, she has committed herself to finding more effective approaches to eliminate all harmful parasites.
F. If you get past their “gross” appearance, you may find parasites’ way of living strangely charming.
VI. Summary (10’)
81. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Online “friends” – a threat to development
The impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much - debated topic since the dramatic
rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time
online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager
to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.
There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper - connected
world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of
their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character.
Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, and
display anti -social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our
most basic emotions seems to be disappearing --empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from
our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.
第 15 页 共 16 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something
confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many
admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends.
And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do
this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.
These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative
impacts of social networks.
VII. Translation (20’)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
82. 只有当人们意识到只有一个地球时，他们才会开始重视节能减排。(Only; attach)(汉译英)
83. 尽管政府采取了许多刺激经济的措施，但预计明年的失业率将上升 2%。(Despite; project) (汉译英)
84. 在这个人们被持续不断的干扰所包围的时代，读书已经成为一种不是每个人都能负担得起的奢侈品。
(surround) (汉译英)
85. 坦率地说，这部改编自同名畅销书的电影让那些书迷们大失所望，尤其是当他们发现男主角与书中的原
著人物在外貌上有着相当大的差异时。(nothing short of; differ) (汉译英)
86. 大多数球迷将阿根廷队在 2022 年世界杯决赛中战胜法国队归功于梅西(Lionel Messi)，他的出色表现使
他有资格被视为有史以来最伟大的球员。(owe; entitle) (汉译英)
第 16 页 共 16 页
