2021 年湖南中考考前押题密卷
英语·全解全析
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第一部分 听力 共两节，满分 分
1-5 BCBBA 6-10 CBAAB 11-15 ACBCB 16--20 CBBAC
( 40 )
第二部分 阅读 共两节，满分 分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】
本文讲述了2022年北京冬季奥运会/残奥会的吉祥物。北京2022年冬季奥会吉祥物熊猫冰墩
墩，代表了冬天的冰雪运动；北京2022年冬残奥会吉祥物雪容融，代表了丰收、温暖和光明。
21．B【解析】细节理解题。根据表格“Bing Dwen Dwen a panda”可知熊猫的名字是冰墩墩，故
选B。
22．C【解析】细节理解题。根据表格“Shuey Rhon Rhon a lantern harvest celebration warmth
light”可知灯笼代表着收获，庆祝，温暖和光明，由此可知选项C“温暖和光明”符合题意，
故选C。
B
【语篇解读】
本文主要介绍了几个高速列车的基本情况。
23．C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“Shanghai Maglev (磁悬浮列车) Shanghai (China)；
Shinkansen H5 & E5 Tohoku to Hokkaido (Japan)；Jingzhang Intercity (城际铁路) Beijing and
Zhangjiakou (China)”可知，文中都提到了每列火车出发的车站。故选C。
24．C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“China can be proud of having the world’s fastest driveless
train, with one of the top speeds among trains around.”可知，在2022年北京冬奥会期间，我们
可以体验最快的无人驾驶列车。故选C。
25．B【解析】推理判断题。根据文中“The journey covers a distance (距离) of 19 miles in only eight
minutes or less.”可知，上海磁悬浮列车能在8分钟内完成全程。选项B是正确的。故选B。
C
【语篇解读】
本文是《中国青年报》对“00后”一代消费习惯的报道，报道以王仪涵、孙晓雪和刘宇为
例子，说明了“00后”一代把购物看作是一个研究的过程。26．B【解析】细节理解题。根据“she researched all of the watches available. “I looked up
information on different Casio watches online and I compared them. I also did research on their
makers,” said Wang.她研究了所有可用的手表。“我在网上查了不同卡西欧手表的信息，并
对它们进行了比较。我还研究了它们的制造商，”王说。因此可知王仪涵是通过研究许多
不同的手表来决定买哪款卡西欧手表的，故选B。
27．C【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Sun Xiaoxue,15, from Huairen, Shanxi province, likes making her
own journals (日志). ‘I found many stickers (贴纸) that bought when I was a child. Since most of
them were old and out of style, I cut and put them together to make them my own. The stickers
make my journals more special, ” said Sun. “I feel so good to ‘turn waste into treasure’ and also it
helps me to spend less money.’” 15岁的孙晓雪来自山西怀仁，她喜欢自己写日记。“我找到
了很多小时候买的贴纸。因为他们中的大多数都是旧的和过时的风格，我把他们剪辑起来，
做成我自己的。这些贴纸让我的日记更特别，”孙说。“‘变废为宝’让我感觉很好，也
帮助我少花钱。”因此可知孙晓雪是比较理性的，可知上文说的是报告指出，理性对他们
也很重要。故选C。
28．C【解析】细节理解题。根据“The stickers make my journals more special, said Sun. ‘I feel so
good to ‘turn waste into treasure’ and also it helps me to spend less money.’”孙说，我的贴纸更特
殊。“我觉得‘变废为宝’很好，也帮助我少花钱。”因此孙晓雪认为她的方式很特别、
省钱。故选C。
29．B【解析】细节理解题。根据“‘Instead of buying them, I am more interested in the culture and
history behind the costumes when comparing different kinds of them, ’said Liu.”可知她说：“在
比较不同种类的服装时，我对服装背后的文化和历史更感兴趣，而不是购买它们。”故选
B。
30．A【解析】主旨大意题。根据“‘Although they are influenced by popular culture, the ‘post-00s’
treat buying more like researching,’ reported China Youth Daily.”《中国青年报》报道称：“尽
管受到流行文化的影响，但‘00后’们对待购物更像是对待研究。”以及“For Wang,
researching things is as enjoyable as buying them.” 对王来说，研究东西和买东西一样有趣。
“I feel so good to ‘turn waste into treasure’ and also it helps me to spend less money.”我觉得‘变
废为宝’很好，也帮助我少花钱。““Instead of buying them, I am more interested in the
culture and history behind the costumes when comparing different kinds of them,” said Liu.”“在比
较不同种类的服装时，我对服装背后的文化和历史更感兴趣，而不是购买它们，”刘说。可知本文主要谈论了“00后”一代把购物看作是一个研究的过程，也就是他们的“消费习
惯”，故选A。
D
【语篇解读】
本文主要介绍了关于上海垃圾分类的基本政策，在实施过程中取得的效果及遇到的一些问
题，而且全国更多城市也正在推行类似上海垃圾分类的条例。
31．C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Shanghai requires its residents to sort garbage into four categories,
namely recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste.”可知上海要求居民将垃圾分为四类，即可回收
垃圾、有害垃圾、干垃圾和湿垃圾，故选C。
32．C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Led by the central government, Shanghai is making efforts to
develop long-term solutions to garbage management.”可知在中央政府的领导下，上海正努力制
定垃圾管理的长期解决方案，则C选项符合题意，故选C。
33．A【解析】细节理解题。根据“However, there have also been some problems. Some people
complained that it is difficult to deal with wet garbage,”可知在垃圾分类过程中人们抱怨处理湿
垃圾是很困难的，故选A。
34．A【解析】词义猜测题。根据“According to the sorting rules, the wet garbage must go in the wet
waste bin and the bag must go in the dry waste bin. This separation is necessary, as it ensures that
the wet garbage will decompose properly and become useful organic (有机的) waste, the bureau
said.”可知根据分类规则湿垃圾必须放入湿垃圾箱，垃圾袋必须放入干垃圾箱，这种分离的
必要性是因为它可以确保湿垃圾正常……，成为有用的有机垃圾，由此可知decompose表示
“分解”，故选A。
35．B【解析】推理判断题。根据“Plastic bags can affect this process. Some people in Shanghai are
instead using paper bags that can biodegrade (生物降解) or plastic containers that can be washed
and reused, according to Xinhua.”可知塑料袋会影响垃圾的分解，所以上海的一些人开始使用
可生物降解的纸袋，或可清洗、重复利用的塑料容器，而不再使用塑料袋，故选B。
第二节 语篇补全
【语篇解读】
根据一项国际调查，中国的国家形象在逐步提升，很多调查对象认为中国是世界上第二大最
具影响力的国家。在疫情期间，中国也对其他国家施以援手，相信在未来中国的国家形象会继续
提升。36．E【解析】根据上文“Over 11,000 respondents(调查对象)took part in it.”可知此处说的是参与对
象，
选项E“调查对象来自22个国家，包括美国和法国”符合语境。故选E。
37．C【解析】根据上文“In the 2019 report, China scored 6.3 points out of 10 regarding its image,
rising from 5.8 points in 2013. Generally, developing countries had better impressions(印象)of
China than developed countries”可知中国的评分在不断上升，发展中国家对中国的印象更好，
故此处指发展中国家对中国的评分，选项C“发展中国家给了中国7.2分”符合语境。故选
C。
38．D【解析】根据下文“The respondents see China as the second most influential country in
international matters”可知后文说中国是第二个最有影响力的国家，前文应描述最有影响力的
国家，选项D“美国是最有影响力的国家”符合语境。故选D。
39．B【解析】根据下文“China has sent 34 medical teams to 32 countries and offered help to 150
countries and four international organizations.”可知此处描述的是中国对其他国家的帮助，选项
B“中国仍然帮助那些需要帮助的国家”符合语境。故选B。
40．A【解析】根据上文“China is expected to make more contributions to the world”以及下文“Let’s
look forward to it”可知此处描述对中国的期待，选项A“中国的国家形象还会继续提升”符合语
境。故选A。
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第三部分 语言运用 共三节，满分 分
完形填空 ( 10 ; 1.5 15 )
第一节 共 小题 每小题 分，满分 分
【语篇解读】
文章开头告诉我们一个故事：一个人剪开蝶蛹来帮助一只看似无助的蝴蝶从蝶蛹中出来。这
种行为却导致这只蝴蝶失去了飞行的能力。通过这个故事告诉我们，要想成功就必须经历一定的
磨炼。
41．A【解析】句意：他破了茧，蝴蝶就很容易出来了。easily容易地；noisily吵闹地；bravely勇
敢地。根据“He cuts the chrysalis”可知外力把蝶蛹弄破，蝴蝶能轻易出来，用easily。故选
A。
42．C【解析】句意：如果蝴蝶不努力挣脱茧，它就飞不起来！stand站立；run跑；fly飞。根据
“To his surprise, the butterfly is unable to fly.”可知蝴蝶不能飞，用fly。故选C。
43．B【解析】句意：同样，生活的挑战让年轻人展现出最好的一面，让他们具备飞翔的能力。
method方法；ability能力；siluation情况。根据“Similarly, the challenges of life bring out thebest in young people”可知是挑战让人有飞翔的能力，用ability。故选B。
44．C【解析】句意：当人们年轻的时候，遇到和克服挑战会让他们变得坚强，准备好面对生活。
change改变；believe相信；face面对。根据“meeting and overcoming challenges will make
them strong”可知变得坚强之后能更好地面对生活，用face。故选C。
45．A【解析】句意：如果我们看看成功人士，我们会发现他们遇到的挑战越多，他们就越成功。
successful成功的；dangerous危险的；careful小心的。根据“If we look at successful people”
可知此处指他们就越成功，用successful。故选A。
46．B【解析】句意：另一个成功的人是埃里克。Other其他的，后接名词复数；Another另一个的，
后接名词单数；Others其余的人或物。根据空后“successful man”可知此处表示泛指的另一
个，用Another。故选B。
47．C【解析】句意：他在30岁时创办了一所大学。on在……上面；in在……里面；at在。at the
age of ... 在……岁。故选C。
48．B【解析】句意：他父亲的去世迫使他迅速成长起来。get up起床；grow up长大；give up放
弃。根据“His father’s death”及常识可知父亲的去世会使人成长，用grow up。故选B。
49．A【解析】句意：今天，不仅埃里克自己，他的兄弟姐妹也过着成功的生活。himself他自己；
herself她自己；themselves他们自己。根据空前“Eric”可知此处指埃里克自己，用himself。
故选A。
50．C【解析】句意：一些家长和老师积极鼓励年轻人面对挑战。accept接受；provide提供；
encourage鼓励。根据“It is important for them to learn to meet challenges and overcome them.”
可知学会面对挑战很重要，家长和老师应是鼓励年轻人面对挑战，encourage sb. to do sth.鼓
励某人做某事。故选C。
语法填空( 10 ; 1 10 )
第二节 共 小题 每小题 分，满分 分
【答案】
51．be seen52．because53．to make54．Besides/Also55．kept56．into57．quickly58．helpful
59．how60．users
【语篇解读】
文章主要讲了“低头族”因低头看手机造成的一些麻烦，从而倡导人们合理健康地使用手机。
51．句意：现在到处都可以看到“低头族”。根据上文“an increasing number of people”，可知
“低头族”越来越多，我们随处都能看到他们，所以主语“Heads-down tribe members”与“see”是
被动关系，故用被动语态be done；而本句含情态动词“can”，所以其被动语态的结构为“can bedone”，see的过去分词是seen，故填be seen。
52．句意：现在有越来越多的交通事故，因为很多司机在开车时使用手机。根据“There are more
and more traffic accidents”和“lots of drivers use mobile phones while driving.”可知上下句为因果关系
“交通事故增多是因为很多司机在开车时使用手机”，所以用because“因为”引导原因状语从句，
故填because。
53．句意：为了使司机更加注意驾驶问题，人们已经制定了一些新的交通规则。固定搭配in order
to do意为“为了做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式形式，故填to make。
54．句意：此外，越来越多有趣和奇怪的事情发生在“低头族”身上。根据上文“using mobile
phones may cause traffic accidents.”可知“低头族”使用手机时可能会导致交通事故，结合“more
interesting and strange facts happen to the "Heads-down Tribe"”可知，也会发生一些奇怪的事情，所以
用besides或also表示“此外”，句首大写，故填besides/Also。
55．句意：美国的一个男人在回家的路上不停地用手机。根据下文“he knocked”，可知此处用一
般过去时讲述这个美国人的故事，所以用keep的过去式kept，keep doing意为“保持做某事”。故
填kept。
56．句意：结果，他撞到了一只迷路的大熊。固定搭配knock into意为“撞到”，故填into。
57．句意：当他把视线从手机上移开时，他感到太害怕了，他转过身尽快逃跑了。quick“飞快的”
形容词，此处用其副词形式quickly修饰动词“ran”，as quickly as possible“尽可能快地”，故填
quickly。
58．句意：手机是现代生活中有用的和必要的工具。根据系动词“are”，可知其后跟形容词
helpful“有用的”作表语，故填helpful。
59．句意：手机是否好取决于人们如何使用它们。根据“whether they are good or not”可知手机的
好与坏取决于人们怎样使用它们，所以用how“怎样”引导宾语从句。故填how。
60．句意：让我们成为“健康”用户，努力成为“抬头族”。根据下文“try to be the "Heads-up
Tribe"”，可知我们应该成为“抬头族”，也就是健康的用户，根据空前的形容词healthy“健康的”，
可知其修饰名词，所以用user“使用者，用户”，可数名词。根据“Let's”，可知是“让我们成
为……”，所以用名词复数形式users，故填users。
第三节 语篇翻译( 10 ; 2 10 )
共 小题 每小题 分，满分 分
【答案】
61．她按照老师的要求使用一个app(应用软件)来阅读英语文章。
62．For example, students are asked to practice English or do math exercises.63．Using mobile phones for a long time is bad for eyes.
64．他说自从他开始使用app做作业，他的视力变差了。
65．但是不好的地方是我在写作业时忍不住玩其它的app。
【语篇解读】
本文是新闻类阅读，关注的是学生使用智能手机的情况，通过对不同学生的采访，指出了使
用智能手机做作业的利和弊。
61．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句。She uses an app翻译为“她使用一个app”；to read English
articles翻译为“阅读英语文章”；according to her teacher’s instructions翻译为“按照老师的要
求”。故填 “她按照老师的要求使用一个app (应用软件) 来阅读英语文章”。
62．分析句子可知，本句是被动语态。“例如”翻译为for example，居句首需大写首字母；“学
生们”翻译为students；“被要求做某事”翻译为be asked to do；“练习英语或做数学题目”
翻译为to practice English or do math exercises。students是复数人称，系词需用are，故填“For
example, students are asked to practice English or do math exercises”。
63．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句。“使用手机”翻译为using mobile phones，动名词做主语，居
句首需大写首字母；“对……有害”翻译为be bad for sth.；“眼睛”翻译为eyes；“长时间”
翻译为for a long time。动名词作主语是单数第三人称，系词需用is，故填 “Using mobile
phones for a long time is bad for eyes”。
64．分析句子可知，本句是宾语从句。He said翻译为“他说”；his eyesight has gotten worse翻译
为“他的视力变差了”；since he started using apps翻译为“自从他开始使用app”； to do his
homework翻译为 “做作业”。故填“他说自从他开始使用app做作业，他的视力变差了”。
65．分析句子可知，本句是that引导的表语从句。but表转折；the bad part is翻译为“不好的
地方是”；I can’t help playing with other apps翻译为“我忍不住玩其它的app”；while doing my
homework翻译为“在写作业时”。故填 “但是不好的地方是我在写作业时忍不住玩其它的
app”。
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第四部分 写作 共两节，满分 分
( 5 ; 2 10 )
第一节 共 小题 每小题 分，满分 分
【答案】
66．Products are not produced in a “green” way.
67．The environmental safety of a product.
68．Over 20,000.69．Yes, it is.
70．Because of the growing need for a safer and cleaner environment.
【语篇解读】
本文讲述了当今世界许多城市污染严重。产品不以“绿色”的方式生产导致了新的污染问题。
现在人们已经意识到购买和使用环保产品的重要性。现在许多人在购买产品之前，会考虑产品的
环境安全。对更安全、更清洁环境的日益增长的需求，正促使企业重新思考如何开展业务。
66．根据第1段第2和3句“Products are not produced in a “green” way. It leads to the new pollution
problem.”可知产品不是以“绿色”的方式生产的导致了新的污染问题。故填Products are not
produced in a “green” way.
67．根据第3段第1和2句“Over 20,000 people took part in a web survey ... Among them, 8,129
people say that they now consider the environmental safety of a product before they buy it.”可知现在许
多人在购买产品之前考虑产品的环境安全。故填The environmental safety of a product.
68．根据第3段第1句“Over 20,000 people took part in a web survey on buying environmentally-
friendly products.”可知超过20000人参加了一项关于购买环保产品的网络调查。故填Over 20,000.
69．根据第4段第1句“A few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but
now there are hundreds of them.”可知现在能在超市里找到绿色产品了，所以作肯定回答。故填
Yes, it is.
70．根据第4段第4句“The growing need for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies
rethink how they do business of them.”可知企业重新思考如何开展业务的原因是因为越来越需要一
个更安全、更清洁的环境。故填Because of the growing need for a safer and cleaner environment.
第二节 ( 15 )
书面表达 满分 分
【答案】例文
It’s my honor to talk with all of you here. To be thrifty is one of our traditional virtues.
It’s important to change some ways of how we live. To save energy, we should turn off lights,
televisions and computers when we are not using them. As for water, we’d better take shorter showers.
Also, if you have only a few clothes to wash, do them by hand instead of using a washing machine. Don’t
waste food, and don’t spend money on things that no need. We can send the clothes we no need to the poor.
Besides, reduce to use paper cups and plastic bags. We don’t use chopsticks only once.
I think all such small things are good for the environment and help me to become a person with good
virtues.
【详解】1.题干解读：题目要求根据提示信息写一篇短文，谈谈生活中怎样厉行节约，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称为主，使用一般现在时来写作。要包含所有提示信息，使用适当
的连词或副词来过渡，使文章连贯。要做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
听力材料
第一节
1、W: Peter, do you like talent shows?
M: Not really. Talk shows are my favorite.
2、W: How do you celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival?
M: We always eat zongzi and watch boat races
3、W: Your watch is so nice.
M: Thank you. My father gave it to me as a birthday gift.
4、W: Well, let’s see some of your websites.
M: Sure. I started my first website six years ago.
5、W: Do you have some books about Chinese festivals?
M: Sorry, but my younger brother has some.
第二节
听第一段对话，回答第6--8小题。
M: Hi, Sara. Are you free this Sunday?
W: Hi, Harry. Let me see. Mm… in the morning, I need to have a math class.
M: You mean you are free in the afternoon?
W: Yes. Any ideas for fun?
M: There is a famous movie called Green Book. It’s popular now. Would you like to go with me?
W: Ah...well, Harry, I’d love to, but I have to talk to my mom first.
M: OK. There are still two days for us to decide.
W: If my mom agrees, I’ll call you this evening.
M: OK! Bye!
听第二段对话，回答第9--11小题。
M: I want to visit Ireland in July, but I only have ten days. What are the best places to visit?
W: Well, Dublin is the most famous city in Ireland, and of course it’s also the most popular with tourists.
M: But I don’t want to see lots of other tourists. What’s the most beautiful city?W: In my opinion, Galway is the prettiest city. It’s smaller than Dublin, but it’s next to the water. So there
are great views.
M: How’s the weather there?
W: It’s cool in July, so it’s OK.
M: What about transportation? What’s the best way to travel around?
W: Buses are cheaper, but I think a car is better than public transportation when you are a tourist. With a
car, you can stop and see lots of different places on the way. It’s convenient.
听第三段对话，回答第12--14小题。
W: Leehom Wang will have a concert in Changsha Tomorrow night. Let’s go there together.
M: Well, I don’t like his songs. I like the music that is not loud.
W: But Leehom Wang can write his own songs. I really like him.
M: En, he often sings pop songs. But I prefer classical music .
W: OK. How about watching movies tomorrow night?
M: What kind of movie do you like?
W: I like the movies which are educational .
M: OK. I think we can watch the movie Looking Up .
听第四段对话，回答第15--17小题。
W: Hello, Mike. Our class will give a performance in the Children’s Hospital. Do you want to join us?
M: I’d love to. What should I do, then?
W: Can you play the guitar or violin?
M: Sorry, neither. But I can tell stories.
W: Then, you can tell them stories to cheer them up.
M: That sounds good. When shall we meet?
W: At 3 o’clock on Saturday afternoon at the school gate. We will take the school bus there.
M:OK. See you then.
听第五段独白，回答第18--20小题
The Spring Festival is the most important one in China. However, it ends to the best part of the Lantern
Festival.
Since it began 2,000 years ago, the Lantern Festival has developed many meanings. It celebrates
family reunions and society with ancient spiritual traditions. Some people call the Lantern Festival the
“true” Chinese Valentine’s Day.
On January 15th of Chinese lunar calendar, everyone go out onto the streets to celebrate the LanternFestival. People have many activities including enjoying the full moon, guessing riddles and eating rice
balls.
In Ancient China, women usually weren’t allowed to go outside of the house. But on this day, they
could walk outside freely, lighting lanterns and playing games. Today the Lantern Festival has become
increasingly popular around the world.
