专题 03 七选五---段中句类
目录
01知识脑图·学科框架速建
02考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读01】七选五五年高考考情统计
【知能解读02】七选五五年高考考情解读
【知能解读03】七选五段中句考点分类
【知能解读04】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
【知能解读05】七选五满分突破思维导图
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】瞻前型段中句
【重难点突破02】瞻前型段中句跟踪训练
【重难点突破03】顾后型段中句
【重难点突破04】顾后型段中句跟踪训练
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】瞻前顾后型段中句
【易混易错02】瞻前顾后型跟踪训练
【易混易错03】利用逻辑关系破解段中句
【易混易错04】利用逻辑关系跟踪训练
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【方法技巧01】阅读七选五段中句答题误区
【方法技巧02】阅读七选五段中句误区应对
【方法技巧03】阅读七选五段中句满分策略01七选五五年高考考情统计
卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾 字数
2025全国一卷 记叙文 人与社会 咖啡馆里平凡英雄 0 4 0 258+85
2025全国二卷 说明文 人与社会 家庭共同参与志愿 2◆ 2 1 248+83
2024新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 使用英语词典心得 1 4 0 273+61
2024新课标II卷 说明文 人与自我 如何避免过度旅游 1◆ 3 1 259+52
2024全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 讲述适度饮食概念 1◆ 3 1 264+70
2023新高考I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅办法 0 4 1 247+82
2023新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅建议 1◆ 3 1 261+63
2023全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 变得有耐心的方法 1◆ 3 1 252+51
2023全国乙卷 说明文 人与自然 室内绿植及其好处 0 4 1 282+69
2022新高考I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 257+76
2022新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1◆ 4 0 237+74
2022全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 不同文化用餐礼仪 1 3 1 230+87
2022全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 维持异地友谊办法 3◆ 1 1 248+76
2021新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0 270+83
2021新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1◆ 2 2 250+75
2021全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 服装交换派对建议 1◆ 4 0 261+49
2021全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 宴会如何变得有趣 2 2 1 255+81
◆代表有标题句
02七选五五年高考考情解读
1.题型概述
阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一
段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通
顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
2.选材特点
选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。
话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。
3.命题特点
从最近五年高考真题来看，七选五考查以段中句为主，兼顾段首句（含标题句）和段尾句；从体裁来
看，主要是说明文为主，兼顾记叙文；从话题来看，人与社会类占主流，人与自我和人与自然相对较少。
4.解题口诀
通览全文看文体，结构位置小标题；
再看选项定功能，标题位置加逻辑；
代词同派近反义，上下匹配关键词；段句之间找逻辑，条并转递因释例。
03七选五段中句考点分类
04阅读理解七选五解题步骤
第一步：先做段首、段尾题，缩小排查范围因段首、段尾题要么是主题句(总结句)要么就是承上启下句，
具有鲜明的语言特征题目简单，较易判定。做题时，先将这类题目的选项定位，既可缩小思考范围，又可
使原文信息更加明了。
第二步：剩余选项细排查，利用句间关系来判定随着将段首、段尾题判定复位后，原文信息会更加明了，
再次通读原文，理清剩余段中题的句间关系，将剩余选项对应复位。
第三步：代入选项通读原文，句通意畅来验证将所选答案代入文中，重点检查逻辑关系，看有无不合行文
逻辑的现象。
05七选五满分突破思维导图01 瞻前型段中句
1.题型概述
从最近五年高考考情统计表，段中设空题数量多（2-4题）、难度大（涉及前后句逻辑关系）、
区分度好而备受命题者青睐，同时也是考生失分重灾区，务必引起重视。
2.思维导图3.解题思路
第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数；
第二步：研读空格处前一句和后一句，判断是否是前一句细节补充；
第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。
02瞻前型段中句跟踪训练
跟踪训练1 (2025全国二卷第36题)
Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the
little ones and adults? 36 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there
are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
…
A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
跟踪训练2 (2024全国甲卷第40题)
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally
presented manuscript (原稿). 36 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell
words correctly.
…
A. I don’t often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don’t want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information.
跟踪训练3 (2023新课标II卷第40题)
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an artjourney. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete
beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
…
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 40 Push through, give it time and put in the effort.
You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
跟踪训练4 (2021新课标I卷第37题)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 ( F . Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real
Parisians . ) So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.
It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked.
37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is
the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
03 顾后型段中句
1.题型概述从最近五年高考考情统计表，段中设空题数量多（2-4题）、难度大（涉及前后句逻辑关系）、
区分度好而备受命题者青睐，同时也是考生失分重灾区，务必引起重视。
2.思维导图
3.解题思路
第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数；
第二步：研读空格处前一句和后一句，判断是过渡句还是细节衔接；
第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。
04顾后型段中句跟踪训练
跟踪训练1 (2024全国甲卷第40题)
…
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student
having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major,
loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 39( F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her
ready for class . ) “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright
said.
“I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. 40 She has every intention of staying and continuing
doing what she loves.
A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B. She has two children aged eight and four.
C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
跟踪训练2 (2023新课标I卷第36题)
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of
the home. 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood
(心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very
expensive.
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
跟踪训练3 (2021全国甲卷第37题)
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much
fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 3 7 , and there may not be enough things to choose from;
more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition01瞻前顾后型段中句
1.题型概述
从最近五年高考考情统计表，段中设空题数量多（2-4题）、难度大（涉及前后句逻辑关系）、
区分度好而备受命题者青睐，同时也是考生失分重灾区，务必引起重视。
2.思维导图
3.解题思路
第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数；
第二步：研读空格处前后句，判断是过渡句、细节句还是平行结构；
第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。
02瞻前顾后型段中句跟踪训练
跟踪训练1 (2022全国甲卷第39题)
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a
student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science
major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 39 “Catherine always has a huge smile
on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said.
A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B. She has two children aged eight and four.
C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
跟踪训练2(2024新课标I卷第40题)
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of theEnglish Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one
definition of “dull”. 40 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding
experience.
A. I don’t often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don’t want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information.
跟踪训练3（2024新课标II卷第38题）
…
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though
overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of
extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. 38 Why not try
a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?
…
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
03利用逻辑关系破解段中句
1.命题特点
在理解阅读材料时，把握文章脉络、弄清其中的逻辑关系至关重要。如果文章或选项中出现了表示逻
辑关系的词，考生可以利用这些词进行推断；如果没有出现，那么考生就需要全面理解文章大意，根据上
下文语境来厘清文章的内在逻辑关系，从而做出正确的判断。
2.思维导图2.解题思路
第一步：充分利用段落标题或段落主题句把握段落大意。
第二步：高度重视空格后面衔接性词语,如for exapmple。
第三步：根据衔接性词语倒推空格前后逻辑关系来作答。
04利用逻辑关系跟踪训练
跟踪训练1（2023新课标I卷第39题）例证关系
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is
human. 36 (D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness .) You can use the following writing exercise
to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 3 7 Are you caring? Creative?
Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality
that you’re proud of.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
跟踪训练2（2022全国乙卷第40题）转折关系
…
·Don’t rely on technology alone
4 0 , but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.
Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever
possible.
A. Remember important datesB. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
跟踪训练3 (2018全国I卷第38题) 总分关系
…
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important
point. 37(While all of them are useful), they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three
kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large
ones.
38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add
visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small
color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. …
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. …
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
01 阅读七选五段中句答题误区
1.忽略代词指代关系
段中句常涉及代词（如 this/that/they/it）与前文的呼应，但考生易因未明确指代对象而误选。例如，
2023 年新高考I卷某段中，空格后出现they，但部分考生未注意到前文“colleagues才是其指代对象，误选
了以 managers为主语的干扰项。此类错误多因 “只看空格前，不看空格后” 导致。2.逻辑关系判断失误
因果、转折、递进等逻辑关系是段中句的核心考点。例如，2022年全国卷某段前句提到 “锻炼能提
升免疫力”，空格后用However转折，正确选项应包含“过度锻炼有害”的内容，但部分考生因未识别转
折词而选择顺承句。此外，伪逻辑词（如 but 后接无关内容）也会干扰判断。
3.主题偏离与过渡生硬
段中句需同时衔接前后文主题，若选项仅重复前文关键词但与后文无关，易导致主题断裂。例如，
2021 年全国乙卷某段讨论 “时间感知”，某选项虽复现 “new things”，但未衔接后文 “年龄增长导致
时间加速” 的结论，属于典型的 “承上不启下” 错误。
4.被词汇复现陷阱误导
命题人常将原文关键词嵌入干扰项，但选项整体逻辑与上下文矛盾。例如，2024 年新课标 II 卷某段
空格前出现 relaxation，干扰项 “A hobby is for relaxation” 看似匹配，但后文强调 “passion 需投入精力”
正确选项应为对比两者差异的句子。
02 阅读七选五段首句误区应对
1.关注代词指代，明确关联对象
在解答段中句题目时，一旦发现选项中存在代词，比如“this”“that”“they”“it”等，要立即在空
格前后的文本中寻找与之对应的指代内容。可以将代词和可能的指代对象进行标记，通过对比单复数形式、
语义的匹配度来验证。例如2023年新高考I卷的某一段落中，空格后出现they，考生就需要在空格前的内
容里确定they所指代的复数名词，像colleagues等，进而排除那些以不匹配的名词为主语的选项。
2.剖析逻辑关系，巧用逻辑词辅助
因果、转折、递进等逻辑关系是段中句的关键考点。对于因果关系，当看到空格前后出现 because，
therefore等词时，要去选项中寻找能清晰呈现因果链条的句子。以 2024年浙江卷的某段为例，前面提到
“睡眠不足影响效率”，那么正确选项就应该是能体现“所以要重视睡眠时长”这类因果关联的句子，如
Thus, prioritize 7 - 8 hours of sleep。
3.紧扣段落主题，保证前后连贯
从宏观角度看，要确保所选选项与整个段落的主旨保持一致。例如2023年全国卷中，某段围绕“室内
设计颜色选择”展开，正确选项“Small color choices are familiar to us”既承接了前文关于颜色选择大小
分类的内容，又自然地引出后文对家具颜色搭配的讨论，始终紧扣室内设计颜色选择这一主题。从微观层
面来说，选项要能同时关联前后文的关键词。
4.识破词汇复现陷阱，综合判断选项
词汇复现是常见的解题线索，但不能仅依据词汇复现就草率选择答案。首先要识别选项中是否存在原
词复现，同时要警惕“同词不同义”的陷阱。2022年全国卷为例，前文讲“运动提升情绪”，正确选项
Exercise releases endorphins不仅有exercise的复现，更重要的是从逻辑上解释了运动提升情绪的原因，而
不是仅仅重复词汇。
03 阅读七选五段中 句满分策略
1.通读全文快速把握大意，初步确定体裁和话题。2.浏览段首句把握结构和大意，留意空后衔接词。
3.注意平行结构和前后句逻辑关系,防止形意错位。
4.必要时瞻前顾后通读，复查逻辑线索是否一致。
七选五段首句综合能力提升
真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维
01（2020全国I卷）
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36
瞻前顾后型 Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
● 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you
hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your
own; you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes
and our failures. 38 顾后型 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how
you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? “That didn’t go as planned.
But, I tried my best.”
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength
before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you
got out of bed today. 39
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words
why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 瞻前顾
后型 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
02（2020全国III卷）
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house.
The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends and
family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36 瞻前顾后型 And it is good time to fill the new space
with love and hopefully presents.37 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores.
Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even
if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or
a plant.
38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually
no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably
give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person
moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood
to a new home as a gift. 40 瞻前型 Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
03（2020全国III卷）
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36
瞻前顾后型 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students
should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
• 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course
design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't
hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38 瞻前
型 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the
same.
Don'ts
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best
friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 瞻前顾后型 When a student attacks a
professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern
about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your
comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.E. Below are some common do's and don’ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考
04（25-26高三上·河北石家庄·开学考试）
For countless generations, trillions of coral polyps (珊瑚虫) have lived and died, leaving behind a material called
limestone (石灰岩). Throughout history, limestone was used to construct the Great Pyramid of Egypt, as well as
many churches and castles. 1 . They can be even larger in scale than the most impressive buildings and
structures made by humans.
A diversity of life
A living coral reef is a “city beneath the sea” filled with a rich variety of life. Most coral reefs can be found in
warm, shallow oceans. They occupy a small part of the ocean floor, but host 25 percent of all ocean life. Each reef is
full of colorful fish as well as coral that forms wonderful patterns. 2 , the reefs serve as vital food sources for
fish.
Threats to coral reefs
Human activities pose serious threats to coral reefs around the world. 3 . Additionally, illegal fishing
methods also harm reefs. These methods can help fishermen get a good catch, but their negative effects on the reefs
are significant. Blast (爆破) fishing involves setting off bombs in the water to kill as many fish as possible. This kills
most living things nearby and causes damage to the reef’s structure. 4 . A 2018 UN report warned that up to
99 percent of the world’s coral reefs could decline if climate change continues.
5
These threats to coral reefs are serious, but there is hope for coral reef survival. If we take steps toward coral
reef conservation, it is likely that these tiny creatures — which survived natural threats for millions of years — will
be able to rebuild.
A．Reasons for hope
B．Methods of protection
C．In addition to their beauty
D．Apart from this ocean life
E．Moreover, global warming has caused many reefs to become sick
F．For example, reefs can be damaged when the coral is used as building materials
G．However, the most impressive limestone formations can be found underwater in the form of coral reefs
05（25-26高三上·福建莆田·开学考试）
Starting a new school can be a scary experience, especially when it comes to making friends. But don’t worry,
there are plenty of ways to meet new people and build meaningful relationships. Here are some tips to help you make
friends in a new school.
1 It’s important to be honest about who you are. Trying to be someone you’re not will only make it
harder to form genuine friendships. People are more likely to connect with you if they can see the real you. So,
don't be afraid to show your personality and interests.Second, join clubs or organizations. 2 Whether it’s a sports team, a drama club, or a book group,
joining a club is a great way to meet people who share your interests. You’ll have something in common to talk about,
which can make it easier to start conversations and build friendships.
Third, be friendly and approachable. Smile, make eye contact, and say hello to people you pass in the
hallways. 3 Ask them questions about themselves and listen to their answers. Showing a genuine interest
in others can go a long way in making friends.
Fourth, take the initiative. Don’t wait for others to come to you. If you see someone sitting alone at lunch or
in class, go over and introduce yourself. 4 Invite them to join you for an activity or to hang out after school.
Taking the first step can be scary, but it's often the best way to make new friends.
Finally, be patient. Making friends takes time, so don’t get discouraged if you don’t form close relationships
right away. 5 Keep putting yourself out there, and eventually, you'll find people who you connect with and
who will become your friends.
A．First, be yourself.
B．Everyone is nervous in a new environment.
C．These groups are full of people with similar hobbies.
D．It's also a good idea to participate in class discussions.
E．Simple gestures like these can make you seem more friendly.
F．It may take a few weeks or even months to find your group of friends.
G．You never know, they might be feeling just as lonely as you are.
06（25-26高三上·湖南长沙·开学考试）
There is a growing trend in medicine: doctors are prescribing time in nature to their patients to address a wide
variety of physical and mental health concerns. These “nature prescriptions ( 处 方 )” aren’t just feel-good
recommendations. 1
Scott Kaiser, MD, a director of geriatric cognitive health at the Pacific Neuroscience Institute, is one of these
doctors. “Nature has a profound impact on healthy aging and overall well-being,” he explains. “There are several
factors in healthy aging—diet, exercise, mindfulness, community, creativity and a sense of purpose. 2 I
can’t overstate how powerful nature can be as a healer.”
Here are some common ways of natural healing. “Sensory walks” are an easy way to get started. Dr. Kaiser
advises walking mindfully through nature while focusing on all five senses, paying attention to what you can see,
smell, hear, touch and even taste. “Leave your gadgets at home,” he adds, “so you can be undistracted and really
experience it all.”
Another prescription gaining popularity is cold therapy. 3 Immerse yourself in water that feels
uncomfortably cold and stay there for 30 seconds to a minute. Most people start with water that’s about 10℃ to 15℃,
though some go colder as their tolerance increases.
4 Try simply walking for 15 minutes in the early morning. Sunlight exposure boosts vitamin D,
crucial for overall health. And getting early morning sunlight in your eyes will help refresh you.
Other simple prescriptions include gardening, hiking, biking or swimming. And if active pursuits feel like too
much, even just sitting outdoors on a park bench can help, as it may improve your immune system and lower the risk
of cancer. 5 Nature prescriptions can also lower stress, depression and anxiety while improving cognitivefunction.
A．The benefits extend beyond physical health.
B．But doctors suggest that it requires gradual adaptation.
C．This practice involves exposing yourself to cold water.
D．You’ll immediately be happier, healthier and more productive.
E．If that sounds too intense, nature offers gentler alternatives, too.
F．Instead, they’re evidence-based interventions backed by science.
G．Being outdoors can provide access to all of these at the same time.
07（25-26高三上·广东广州·开学考试）
Take a Thought Walk
Have you ever considered when you get your best ideas? Or what you’re doing when the solution to a problem
pops into your head? 1 But it could also be doing something unrelated, like taking a shower or washing the
dishes. The best ideas can land when you least expect them — but there are things you can do to help them along,
and that’s where walking comes in. Even a quick walk can reduce stress, clarify thinking or give your creativity a
boost. Here’s why you should put your best foot forward.
2 Michelle, a 21-year-old university student, discovered walking as a teen when she was going through a
tough period of stress. “My mum loves walking, so it was her who first suggested I go out for a walk,” she remembers.
“Within about 10 minutes it made me feel so much better.”
The benefit of walking goes beyond calming — it opens mental capacity. Gillian Mills, a high school teacher
with 20 years of classroom experience, explains, “When students feel too stressed to think straight, we often suggest a
walk outside. 3 Just picture stress like a balloon blowing up. It fills with air and pressure builds. Walking
and taking big breaths of fresh air are like gently letting the pressure out…”
4 It holds partial focus, letting you notice your surroundings while your mind wanders in new directions.
Whether you’re revising for an exam, feeling stuck on a school project or working through a friendship problem,
going for a walk could help.
Stanford University confirms this effect. They found a clear link between walking and creative thinking. 5
This suggests that it increases what the experts call “divergent thinking” — the process where the mind generates a
wide range of possible ideas or solutions to a problem.
A．It helps clear your head for new thoughts.
B．Many experts believe walking improves mental health.
C．Some people find their best ideas come when relaxing quietly.
D．Critically, walking occupies just enough attention, but not all.
E．Evidence for walking’s calming power comes from lived experience.
F．It might be sitting at your desk in school or working at a computer.
G．Participants in a study increased their brainstorming by 60% during/after walks.
08（25-26高三上·湖南·开学考试）
Pursue Your Dreams Today, Not Tomorrow
Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams? We often postpone our dreams, trapped in a cycle
of delay. But why wait? Starting small is completely acceptable. You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. 1And start right now.
2 If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder
how your life would have turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed
by your present self.
It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed.
Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their
field. 3 Embrace (拥抱) a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach.
At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you
allow your fear to get the best of you, you’re never going to forgive yourself. You need to move past your insecurities
and explore your full potential. 4 So why aren’t you giving yourself that same push?
Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight
adjustments to your schedule, but you don’t have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts. Try to strike a balance
between your current life and your dreams. 5
Seize the moment to chase your dreams — even when it means breaking out of your comfort zone, even when
the path ahead is unknown.
A．Ask yourself what you want to accomplish.
B．You can take minute steps to a brighter future.
C．You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams.
D．New opportunities may lead to personal growth.
E．It’s what you would encourage your friends to do.
F．If things go well, you can then make further shifts.
G．Hard as it is, it’s vital to dismiss the doubts in your inner thoughts.
09（25-26高三上·北京·开学考试）
How to Improve Your Handwriting
With most of today’s written communication typed out, you may not see much of a reason to improve your
handwriting. But from time to time, you still need to fill out paper forms — and that’s exactly when you’ll realize
your script looks not great. 1
You can start by giving yourself a fighting chance: sit down at a stable, spacious table or desk where you can
write at your leisure. 2 If you’re a leftie, stay away from broad-nibbed fountain pens that might dispense a
lot of ink with each stroke — you’ll likely end up with smudged words all over your page as your hand crosses your
freshly written letters. Gel pens and ballpoint pens are usually quick-drying, so starting with those is a good idea.
Righties have fewer restrictions, as most writing tools work well for them.
Once you have your tools and setup, it’s time to write. 3 It can be anything: a story, your train of
thought, or a transcription of a song you like.
When you write, do it at a normal pace and pay attention to how you hold the pen. If your nails turn white
from the force you’re exerting, your grip is too strong — relax your hand and try again. This is important because an
excessively strong grip will lead to pain and discomfort, which can result in hand and wrist cramping, or even injury.
On top of that, pain will affect the consistency of your handwriting and eventually deter you from putting pen to paper
at all, rendering this whole process useless.4 Pay attention to spacing, the slant of your letters, their height, their form, and their position relative
to the guidelines you’re using. The most important elements to focus on are consistency and legibility, so go through
your lines and highlight which words and letters differ most from the rest, and which could be misread.
You know repetition is key to learning, and only through writing — again and again — will your body get used
to the changes you want to make to your personal script. 5 You can do this by taking up a hobby like
journaling or meditative writing. This will give you the opportunity to sit down for a few minutes each day and put
your growing skills to good use.
A．Then get a pen you like.
B．Next, find a paper layout angle that suits your writing.
C．Start by filling half to a whole page with fresh handwriting.
D．The good news is, it’s never too late to get better at handwriting.
E．When you’re done writing your practice page, take a look and analyze it.
F．You can also write down your own train of thought if you can keep up with it.
G．A helpful way to practice is to make these exercises part of your everyday life.
10（25-26高二上·黑龙江·开学考试）
Having a sense of humor means having the ability to let go and not take everything so seriously, and being able
to laugh at life’s absurdities (荒谬). This skill can help you interact easily with others, improve your health, and even
help deal with difficult situations. 1 You just have to learn to see the lighter side of things. If you might
find it difficult, here are some ideas.
Learn some jokes you find funny. If you want to bring some humor to social functions, learn a few basic jokes.
You can look for humorous pictures and funny Internet memes (表情包) to share with others. 2
Practice using humor in your life. Start by using humor with trusted family and friends. Tell them your goal
and ask them to be honest with you. 3 As you become more comfortable, expand your comfort zone by
putting humor into conversations with people not so close to you.
4 Think about your funny friends. What kinds of jokes do they make? Spend more time with them
and let their sense of humor influence you. Don’t be afraid to throw in a few funny comments.
Be careful not to offend (冒犯) people. As you develop your sense of humor, make sure you avoid jokes that
are impolite to others. 5 Therefore, when you’re expressing humor to someone, start soft and see how the person
responds to it.
A．Surround yourself with funny people.
B．Everyone has their own sense of humor.
C．True humor is genuine and reflects your personality.
D．You don’t have to be funny to have a sense of humor.
E．Continue telling jokes until they feel more natural to you.
F．Listen to them if they tell you your jokes need improvement.
G．Besides, you can also seek things going with your style of humor.
11（25-26高三上·湖北·开学考试）
Take a Thought WalkHave you ever considered when you get your best ideas? Or what you’re doing when the solution to a problem
pops into your head? 1 But it could also be doing something unrelated, like taking a shower or washing
the dishes. The best ideas can land when you least expect them — but there are things you can do to help them along,
and that’s where walking comes in. Even a quick walk can reduce stress, clarify thinking or give your creativity a
boost. Here’s why you should put your best foot forward.
2 Michelle, a 21-year-old university student, discovered walking as a teen when she was going
through a tough period of stress. “My mum loves walking, so it was her who first suggested I go out for a walk,” she
remembers. “Within about 10 minutes it made me feel so much better.”
The benefit of walking goes beyond calming — it opens mental capacity. Gillian Mills, a high school teacher
with 20 years of classroom experience, explains, “When students feel too stressed to think straight, we often suggest a
walk outside. 3 Just picture stress like a balloon blowing up. It fills with air and pressure builds. Walking
and taking big breaths of fresh air are like gently letting the pressure out...”
4 It holds partial focus, letting you notice your surroundings while your mind wanders in new
directions. Whether you’re revising for an exam, feeling stuck on a school project or working through a friendship
problem, going for a walk could help.
Stanford University confirms this effect. They found a clear link between walking and creative thinking. 5
This suggests that it increases what the experts call “divergent thinking” — the process where the mind generates a
wide range of possible ideas or solutions to a problem.
A．It helps clear your head for new thoughts.
B．Many experts believe walking improves mental health.
C．Some people find their best ideas come when relaxing quietly.
D．Critically, walking occupies just enough attention, but not all.
E．Evidence for walking’s calming power comes from lived experience.
F．It might be sitting at your desk in school or working at a computer.
G．Participants in a study increased their brainstorming by 60% during/after walks.
