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人教版高中英语选必三Unit4词汇:词性变化+短语搭配30
人教版高中英语选必三Unit4词汇:词性变化+短语搭配301. adversity n. 困境；逆境 →逆境的a. adverse →顺境n. prosperity →繁荣的/顺境的a. prosperous 2. bitter a. 严寒的/激烈而不愉快的/味苦的 →苦涩/苦难/严寒n. bitterness →痛苦/强烈/极其寒冷地ad. bitterly 在严寒中 in the bitter cold 严寒的 bitterly cold 3. expedition n. 探险/远征/探险队 →远征的/探险的a. expeditionary 前往…探险 make an expedition to 4. endurance n. 忍耐力/耐久力 →忍受/持久v. endure →可被忍受的a. endurable →持久的/不朽的a. enduring 忍受做某事 endure doing 5. vigour n. 精力/力量/活力 →精力充沛的/强有力的a. vigorous →朝气蓬勃地/有力地ad. vigorously 满怀干劲/斗志昂扬地 with vigor 6. turn down 拒绝/调低 = 接受 take up / accept = 调高 turn up 7. qualified a. 符合资格的/具备…的知识的 →不合格的a. unqualified →使具备资格v. qualify →资格n. qualification →取消资格v. disqualify 能胜任某事 be qualified for 有资格做某事 be qualified to do 取得教师资格 qualify as a teacher 取得从教资格 qualify for teaching 8. enthusiastic a. 热情的/热心的 →激情地ad. enthusiastically →爱好者n. enthusiast →激情n. enthusiasm 热衷于 be enthusiastic about 喜爱 show enthusiasm for 9. aboard ad.&prep. 上（船/飞机/公交等） →甲板n./登上v. board 登机 board the plane = go aboard the plane 在甲板上 on board 10. assign vt. 分派/布置/分配 →任务/作业n. assignment →指派者n. assigner →受派者n. assignee 分配某事给某人 assign sth to sb 指派某人做某事 assign sb to do 11. envy n.&vt. 羡慕/妒忌 →羡慕的a. envious →羡慕地ad. enviously 羡慕 be envious of 羡慕地 with envy 12. crush vt. 毁坏/压坏/压碎 n. 拥挤的人群/心动/暗恋 被粉碎 be crushed by 一群拥挤的人 a crush of people 暗恋某人 have a crush on sb 13. sink vi. 沉没/下沉/下降 vt. 使下沉/使沉没 n. 水槽 →过去式/过去分词 sank / sunk 14. abandon vt. 舍弃/抛弃/放弃 n. 放任/放纵 →被抛弃的a. abandoned →放弃/抛弃n. abandonment 放弃做某事 abandon doing 沉湎于悲伤 be abandoned to grief 放任地/肆意地 with abandon 15. blanket n. 毯子 v.覆盖/笼罩 a.全面/地毯式的 被覆盖 be blanketed with 全面禁令 a blanket ban 地毯式搜查 a blanket search 16. belongings n.(pl.) 财物/动产 →属于v. belong →归属n. belonging 属于 belong to (无被动) 归属感 a sense of belonging 个人财物 personal belongings 17. miserable a. 痛苦的/悲惨的/糟糕的 →悲惨地/糟糕地ad. miserably →痛苦/苦难/悲惨n. misery 在苦难中 in misery 糟糕的天气 miserable weather 惨败 miserable failure 感觉难受 feel miserable 18. voyage n.&vi. 航海/航行 →航海者n. voyager 踏上去…的航程go on a voyage to = voyage to… 19. decent a. 相当不错的/正派的/得体的 →体面地ad. decently →得体/正派/礼貌n. decency →不得体的a. indecent 20. cosy/cozy a. 温馨的/舒适的 →舒适地/安逸地ad. cosily →舒适n. cosiness 21. selfish a. 自私的 →自我n. self →自私地ad. selfishly →不自私的a. unselfish →无私的a. selfless →自私n. selfishness →无私a. unselfishness →无私奉献n. selflessness 22. good/bad‑tempered a. 脾气好的/坏的 因某事发脾气 lose one's temper over sth 对某人发脾气 lose one's temper with sb 克制住怒火 keep /hold one's temper 23. genuine a. 真的/真诚的/可信赖的 →真诚地ad. genuinely →真诚/真实n. genuineness 由衷的关心 genuine concern 真挚的友情 genuine friendship 纯金 genuine gold 24. persevere vi. 坚持/孜孜以求 →毅力/韧性/不屈n. perseverance →百折不挠的a. perseverant 坚持做某事 persevere in doing 25. resolve vi.&vt. 决定/决心/解决 n. 决心/坚定的信念 →决议/解决/坚定n. resolution 下决心做某事 resolve to do =make a resolution to do 新年愿望 New Year's resolutions 26. cruel a. 残酷的/残忍的/冷酷的 →残忍地ad. cruelly →残忍n. cruelty 对某人残忍 be cruel to sb 残忍地 with cruelty 27. thorough a. 深入的/彻底的/细致的 →彻底地ad. thoroughly →彻底/周全n. thoroughness 28. furniture n. 家具 →配备家具/提供v. furnish →有家具的a. furnished 配备有 be furnished with 配有家具的房间 a furnished room 给某人提供 furnish sb with sth = furnish sth to sb 29. fortunately adv. 幸运地 →不幸地ad. unfortunately →幸运的a. fortunate →不幸的a. unfortunate →幸运n. fortune →不幸n. misfortune 30. damp a. 潮湿的/湿气重的 →潮湿n. dampness →弄湿/浇灭v. dampen 泼冷水 dampen one's enthusiasm 打击某人兴致 dampen one's spirits 31. recreation n. 娱乐/消遣/游戏 →消遣/重现v. recreate →娱乐的a. recreational 重温过去 recreate the past 娱乐活动 recreational activities 32. guidance n. 指导/引导/导航 →指导v./导游n. guide →有向导的a. guided 在某人指导下under one's guidance 指引某人到某地 guide sb to +地点 指导某人做某事 guide sb in doing 导弹 guided missles 33. advertise vt.&vi. 公布/宣传/做广告 →广告n. advertisement →广告商n. advertiser →广告活动/广告业n. advertising 登广告寻找 advertise for 34. corporate a. 公司的/法人的/社团的 →公司n. corporation 35. rough a. 汹涌的/粗糙的/粗略的 →粗略地ad. roughly →粗糙n. roughness →使变粗糙/汹涌v. roughen 波涛汹涌 rough waves 36. navigator n. 领航员/导航仪 →导航/驾驶/应对/v. navigate →导航n. navigation 驾驭巨浪 navigate rough waves 应对困难 navigate difficulties 导航系统 navigation system 37. loyal adj. 忠诚的/忠实的 →忠诚地ad. loyally →忠诚n. loyalty →不忠的a. disloyal →不忠n. disloyalty 对某人忠诚 be loyal to sb 38. candidate n. 候选人/应聘者/考生/潜在人选 …的候选人/报考者 a candidate for +职位/考试/奖项 39. make fire 生火 →火红的/火爆的/激情的a. fiery 着火 on fire 着火 catch fire 纵火set fire to sth = set sth on fire 40. give off 放出 散发热量 give off heat 发出光芒/烟 give off light/smoke 散发气味 give off a smell 发出/分发/(力气)耗尽 give out 捐赠/泄露 give away 屈服 give in (to sb) 放弃做 give up doing 归还/回报 give back to 41. commitment n. 承诺/保证/奉献 →承诺/投入v. commit →投入的a. committed 承诺做某事 make a commitment to do 致力于做某事 commit oneself to doing = be committed to doing = make a commitment to doing 42. motive n. 动机/原因/目的 →激励v. motivate →积极的/受激励的a. motivated →动力/积极性n. motivation 激励某人做某事 motivate sb to do 受…驱使 be motivated by 某事的动机 the motive for sth