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人教版高中英语必修一Unit 4考点归纳

人教版高中英语必修一Unit4 考点归纳1. damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/v. 损害;破坏  n. 损害;损失✅搭配:
do damage to sth 对某物造成损害=cause damage to
=do harm to
📖高考例句:
The flood did serious damage to the crops in the village.译:洪水给村里的庄稼造成了严重损害。2. ruin /ˈruːɪn/v. 毁坏;毁灭  n. 废墟;毁灭✅搭配:
in ruins 
成为废墟;
ruin one’s future
毁掉某人的前途ruin one’s hopes 
毁掉某人的希望
📖高考例句:
After the big fire, the old temple lay in ruins.译:大火过后,这座古庙变成了一片废墟。3. shock /ʃɒk/v. 使震惊;使惊愕  n. 震惊;休克✅搭配:
be shocked at/by sth 
对某事感到震惊;
be shocked to do sth
做某事感到震惊
It’s a shock to sb that… 
令某人震惊的是……拓展:
shocked(人感到震惊的);
shocking(事物令人震惊的)📖高考例句:
We were shocked at the news that many buildings fell down in the
earthquake.译:许多建筑在地震中倒塌,这个消息让我们很震惊。4. trap /træp/v. 使陷入困境;困住  n. 陷阱✅搭配:
set a trap
设一个圈套
be trapped in… 
被困在……
trap sb into doing sth
诱骗某人做某事
📖高考例句:
Many miners were trapped in the mine after the accident.译:事故发生后,很多矿工被困在矿井里。5. breathe /briːð/ v. 呼吸✅搭配:
breathe in
吸气
breathe out
呼气
breathe fresh air 
呼吸新鲜空气;
拓展:
breath n.呼吸
-take a deep breath深呼吸
-out of breath上气不接下气
breathless adj 气喘吁吁的 
📖高考例句:
Stop running and breathe slowly to relax yourself.译:停下跑步,缓慢呼吸来放松自己。6. effort /ˈefət/ n. 努力;尽力✅固定搭配:
make an effort to do sth 
努力做某事;
make efforts to do sth 
努力做某事;
spare no effort to do sth 
不遗余力做某事📖高考例句:
We should spare no effort to help people in disaster areas.译:我们应当不遗余力帮助灾区人民。7. suffer /ˈsʌfə(r)/v. 遭受;蒙受;受苦✅搭配:
suffer sth 遭受(损失、灾难)
suffer from 遭受(长期病痛/困扰)拓展:
suffering n.苦难
📖高考例句:
A lot of people suffered from hunger after the natural disaster.译:这场自然灾害过后,很多人饱受饥饿之苦。8. supply /səˈplaɪ/v. 供应;补给  n. 补给品;供应✅搭配:
supply sb with sth 
= supply sth to sb 
向某人提供某物
拓展:
supplies(复数)物资、补给品📖高考例句:
The volunteers supplied the homeless victims with food and water.译:志愿者向无家可归的灾民提供食物和饮用水。9. survive /səˈvaɪv/v. 幸存;生存;活下来✅搭配:
survive sth 从……中幸存(不加from)
survive on…靠……维持生存拓展:
survivor n.幸存者
survival n.幸存📖高考例句:
Only a few people survived the terrible earthquake.译:只有少数人在这场惨烈的地震中幸存下来。10. effect /ɪˈfekt/n. 影响;效果;作用✅搭配:
have an effect on… 对……产生影响
=have an influence on
=have an impact on
take effect 生效,起作用⚠注意:effect(名词 影响);affect(动词 影响)📖高考例句:
The terrible storm had a bad effect on local people’s daily life.译:这场猛烈的暴风雨对当地人的日常生活造成了不良影响。11. be doing...when…正在做……这时突然……✅固定结构:
主语 + be doing sth when 正在做……这时突然……
📖高考例句1:
We were having class when the earthquake suddenly happened.译:我们正在上课,这时地震突然发生了。
拓展:
主语+be about to do…when…正要做……突然
📖高考例句2:
We were about to leave when the bell rang.
译:我们正要离开突然电话铃响了。
主语+had just done…when…刚做完……突然📖高考例句3:
I had just finished my homework when the power went out.译:我刚做完作业这时突然停电了。
12. too…to…太……而不能……✅固定结构:
too +形容词/副词 + to do sth📖高考例句1:
The stone is too heavy for the little boy to carry.译:这块石头太重了,这个小男孩搬不动。
📖高考例句2:
The river is too deep for children to swim in.
译:这条河太深,孩子们不能再里面游泳。

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