外研版新高中英语选择性必修一Unit 6语法讲解与练习

现在完成进行时

现在完成进行时是英语中的一种时态，用于表示某一动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，并且可能仍将持续下去，更强调动作的“正在进行”或“持续进行”，常与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用。

一、现在完成进行时用法

现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。

①表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在且还将持续下去的动作；

e.g.I’ve been reading this book for two hours, but I haven’t finished it.

这本书我已读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。

②表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作；

e.g. The students have been preparing for the exam. （还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试。

③强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩.

e.g.She has always been working like that.她一贯是那样工作了。

④表示延续到现在的动作，要用现在完成进行时。

e.g.They’ve building up a ship. （在进行）他们一直在造一艘船。

⑤现在完成进行时也可表示以前到现在这段时间反复发生的事情。

e.g.We’ve been seeing quite a lot each other recently.我们最近常见面。

⑥状态动词（如know, love, like, hate等）不能用于现在完成进行时。

二、现在完成进行时的构成

主语+has/have +been+动词的现在分词+其他

句型转换：

肯定句：主语+have/has been+doing+其他

否定句：主语+have/has not been+doing+其他

一般疑问句：Have/has+主语+been+doing?

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been+doing?）

三、现在完成进行时的语法作用（何时用此时态）

①‌动作没停过‌：强调从过去某点开始，一直没中断到现在，常配 ‌for/since‌ 引导的时间。

e.g.He ‌has been playing‌ the guitar since he was five.他从五岁起就一直弹吉他。‌‌‌

②‌强调过程或影响‌：动作可能刚结束，但留下了明显的痕迹或状态。

e.g.The desk is covered with paint. He ‌has been repairing‌ the old cabinet.

桌子全是油漆，他刚才一直在修柜子。‌‌‌

③‌带有感情色彩‌：有时候用来表达抱怨、惊讶或赞赏，强调“一直在做”的感觉 。

e.g.I ‌have been waiting‌ for you for an hour.我都等你一个小时了——略带抱怨。‌‌

四、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别

①现在完成时更强调动作的延续性，它是现在完成时的强调形式。

e.g.We’ve been living here for ten years.

We’ve lived here for ten years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了。

②在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去结束。

e.g.The students have been preparing for the exam. （还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试。

The student have prepared for the exam.（已经结束）学生们为考试做了准备。

③有些状态感情感觉的动词如have, exist, like, hate, hear, know, sound等不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。

e.g.They’ve known each other since 1970.自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。

语法练习

1.The team(prepare) for the international exchange program since last month.

2.She(study) English day and night this year to be a qualified editor. 

3.It(trend) on social media platforms over the past two years as videos of the dance got millions of views online. 

4.Leave me alone. I(write) an article all the afternoon and haven’t finished yet.

5.They(search) the area for three days and two nights, but(not find) anybody. 

6.Little Jimmy is dirty all over because he(play) in the mud all the morning.

7.He(suffer) from a bad headache for nearly a week without a good rest.

8.I(wrestle) with the tough maths problem for hours, but I haven’t worked it out. 

9.The number of private cars in major cities(increase) at an alarming rate, which has led to severe traffic congestion and air pollution. 

10.The phone(ring) constantly since 2 p.m. with similar questions and complaints.

11.The old bridge(build)for two years and it will be open next month.

12.The old bridge(built) for two years and it will be open next month.

13.The director, together with his assistants,(work) overtime to finalize the film’s script since last week. 

14.The researchers(commit) themselves to this project for over five years, and they’re still making progress. 

15.Since last month, John, along with some of his former classmates,(long) for a 10-year gathering during this summer holiday. 

16.I(look)for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview. 

17.I(keep) fit in the last few weeks and have made noticeable improvement.

18.These are the stamps that I(restore) for my personal collection.

19.Medical experts(identify) the source of this virus in the past two years.

20.The fund shortage(restrict) the development of higher education. 

21.Dashan, who(learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. 

22.Mr. Green(teach) English in this school for 15 years, and he loves every student here.

23.His eyes are red. He(cry) for a long time, right?

24.They(discuss) the environmental problem since this morning and they haven’t reached an agreement yet.

25.They(protect) the environment for five years and they will continue to do so.

26.The wind(roar) outside the classroom for an hour, but the students are still focused on English listening.

27.It(rain) for nearly two weeks. If it doesn’t stop, the village will be flooded in several days.

28.These years, scientists(test) special gardens on Earth to see what can grow on Earth’s neighboring planet, Mars.

29.Local governments(organize) complimentary performances in schools since 2018, which help students understand the cultural significance of shadow puppetry. 

30.He(apply) himself to learning Spanish since he planned to travel around Latin America.