文档内容
2015 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题(二)答案与详解
Part Ⅰ Writing
审题思路
这是一篇四级考试中常见的议论文。此次通过漫画所呈现出的话题 computer(电脑）是考生日常生活
中耳熟能详的话题，因此写起来并不难。行文中,考生应将重点放在第二段阐述电脑与日常生活的关系上联
系实际分析可知，二者关系为：电脑为日常生活提供了便利，但不能完全占据人们的日常生活。
写作提纲
一、提出观点：电脑在日常生活中虽然重要但并非必不可少(an important but not indispensable role)
一、论证观点：1、过度沉迷于电脑对我们的健康不利（exert a negative impact on our health)
2、过度使用电脑会将我们隔离在社交圈之外（isolate us from the social circles)
三、总结观点：l、电脑确实改善了我们的生活（really promote our life)
2、不应该在电脑上花费过多的时间而舍弃享受美好的生活（should not spend too much time
on it at the expense of savoring our good life)
范文点评
高分范文 精彩点评
① 对漫画进行描述:一天当中人们无时无刻不在使用
This Modern Life 电脑。
① In the picture is a person using his computer all day, ② 揭示漫画隐含的信息：电脑现在深深地渗透到我们
whether he is at work, at home, playing or in his sleep.② This 的日常生活中。
drawing vividly depicts a common phenomenon that computers ③ 使用from my perspective提出观点：电脑在日常生
nowadays deeply penetrate into our daily life and we can not do 活中虽然重要但并非必不可少。
without it even for a minute.③ However, from my perspective, ④ 承上启下，论证观点。
computers play an important but not indispensable role in our ⑤⑥使用to start with和furthermore,从两个方面展开
modem life. 论证，层次分明。
④ It is true that computers make our life convenient and
⑦⑧使用in conclusion和nevertheless总结观点并提出
provide instant assistance. But it is not a necessity.⑤ To start with,
建议。
excessive addiction to computers may exert a negative impact on
our health. Instead of taking exercise in our spare time, we may be 加分亮点
intrigued by the various contents on it. ⑥ Furthermore, indulging
penetrate into 渗入，渗透 ；
in computers may isolate us from the social circles. Since we can
from one’s perspective 在某人看来；
chat with the virtual friends via computers, we may not bother to
indispensable必不可少的；
communicate with families or Mends around us.
⑦ In conclusion, as the product of the high technology, instant assistance 及时帮助 ；
computer really promotes our life.⑧ Nevertheless, we should not necessity必需品；
spend too much time on it at the expense of savoring our good life. be intrigued by.对…着迷；
savor享受，欣赏
1全文翻译
现代生活
漫画中是一个人,一天当中他无时无刻不在使用电脑，不论是在工作时、在家时、玩游戏时，还是在睡眠
中。这幅漫画生动地描述了一种普遍现象：电脑现在深深地渗透到我们的日常生活中，我们甚至一分钟都不能没
有它。尽管如此，在我看来，电脑在现代生活中虽然重要但并非必不可少
诚然，电脑使我们的生活方便，并提供及时帮助。但它并非生活必需品。首先，过度沉迷于电脑对我们的健
康不利。我们可能着迷于电脑上五花八门的内容而忽略了在业余时间锻炼身体。此外，过度使用电脑会将我们隔
离在社交圈之外因为我们可以通过电脑与虚拟世界中时朋友交谈，所以我们可能不会费心去与身边的亲朋好友交
流。
总之，作为高科技的产物，电脑确实改善了我们的生活。但是我们不应该在电脑上花费过多的时间而舍弃
享受美好的生活。
PartⅡ Listening Comprehension
Section A
1.听力原文：W: Tom，would you be interested in serving on the membership committee this year?
M： Can I get back to you on that in a few days?
Q ： What does the man mean?
1. A) He is pleased to sit on the committee.
B) He is willing to offer the woman a hand.
C) He will tell the woman his decision later.
D) He would like to become a club member.
【预测】四个选项主语均为he，通过A)屮的committee和D)中的club member可以推测木题与某协会会员
的委员会相关，再结合B)中的offer the woman a hand和C)中的tell the woman his decision可知，是女士在向
男士提出某种请求，男士对其作出回应，所以答案应该在男士的话里，注意听男士的话。
【精析】C。女士询问男士今年是否有兴趣在会员委员会中任职，而男士提出能否过几天再给女士答复。由
此可知，男士希望晚些时候再告诉女士他的决定故答案为C。
2. W： We should buy a good guide book and study it before our trip to Vancouver.
M： We could. But they are overpriced. What about the library?
Q ： What does the man mean?
2. A) Their planned trip to Vancouver is obviously overpriced.
B) They should borrow a guide book instead of buying one.
C) The guide books in the library have the latest information.
D) The library can help order guide books about Vancouver.
【预测】四个选项中出现了 trip，Vancouver和guide books等词，可以推测对话内容与温哥华之行的旅行指
南相关，而由borrow, buying和order等词又可以推测对话涉及借阅、购买或订购书籍。因此，可以基本确
定对话在讨论获取温哥华之行的旅行指南的方式。
【精析】B)。女士提议在动身去温哥华之前应该购竭^本旅行指南，并好好研究一下，而男士则说这样的
书都很贵，提议去图书馆借阅。咽此，男士认为他们应该借阅旅游指南。故答案为B)。
23.听力原文：W： You took a history course this term, didn’t you? What can you say about it?
M： Well, the trouble is that I never get through the weekly reading list, though some books are quite
interesting.
Q ： What does the man mean?
3. A) He regrets having taken the history course.
B) He finds little interest in the history books.
C) He has trouble finishing his reading assignments.
D) He has difficulty writing the weekly book report.
【预测】 四个选项均以 he 开头，且出现了 regrets, history course, little interest, trouble, reading
assignments，difficulty和book report等，由此可推测对话内容与男士在历史课上所碰到的问题相关。男士
的话是解题的关键，需要特别注意。
【精析】C)。女士问男士他这学期选修了历史课，感觉如何，男士说他从未完成每周的阅读作业，尽管有
些书很有意思。因此，可以了解男士所碰到的问题在于难以完成阅读作业。故答案为C)。
4.听力原文：M ： I’m taking my girlfriend to the fancy new restaurant for her birthday tonight.
W： I went there last weekend. I found it rather disappointing.
Q： What does the woman mean?
4. A) The man had better choose another restaurant.
B) The new restaurant is a perfect place for dating.
C) The new restaurant caught her fancy immediately.
D) The man has good taste in choosing the restaurant.
【预测】四个选项中多次出现了 restaurant，由A) “男士最好另选一家饭店”、B) “新饭店是约会的绝佳
场所”、C)“她一眼就喜欢上了新饭店”和 D) “男士选择饭店的眼光很好”可以推测出对话内容与男士
和女士对于某家新饭店的评价和印象有关。
【精析】A)。男士说他今晚打算带女朋友去那家新开的饭店过生日，而女士则对他说,她上周末去过，结
果很是失望。由此可以判断，女士话语中暗含的意思是“男士最好另选一家饭店”。故答案为A)。
5.听力原文：W ： Winter is over at last. Time to put away my gloves and boots.
M： I’ve been waiting for this for months.
Q ： What does the man mean?
5. A) He has been looking forward to spring. C) He will clean the woman’s boots for spring.
B) He has been waiting for the winter sale. D) He will help the woman put things away.
【预测】四个选项主语均为he，结合A)和C)中出现的spring以及B)中出现的witer sale可以推测出对话
涉及冬春之交这一时间段，而题目是针对男士的动作行为或心理状态进行提问，应该侧重听男士的话。
【精析】A)。女士说冬天终于过去了，是时候把手套和靴子收起来，男士感叹说对此他已经等了数月，言
外之意是他终于盼来了春天。故答案为A)。
36.听力原文：M： Look, the curtain is going up slowly and all the lights over the stage are lit up.
W： Yeah, the play is starting. Oh, something caught my sleeve. Give me a hand please, Bob.
Q ： Where are the speakers now?
6. A) At a tailor’s. C) In a clothes store.
B) At Bob’s home. D) In a theatre.
【预测】快速浏览四个选项,可以发现选项内容均为地点，可以确定本题是针对对话所涉及的地点进行提
问。听对话时抓住关键词，有助于确认答案。
【精析】D)。男士说幕布慢慢升起，舞台上的灯也都亮起来了，女士说戏剧就要开演了，可她的袖子被挂
住了，请求男士帮她一下。由对话中的stage和play这两个关键词可以确定对话发生在剧院。故答案为D)。
7.听力原文：W ： You only have water to serve your guests?
M： This isn’t just plain water. This is mineral water from Tibet.
Q ： What does the man imply?
7. A) His guests favor Tibetan drinks. C) Mineral water is good for health.
B) At Bob’s home. D) Plain water will serve the purpose.
【预测】选项中多次出现了 water—词，而A)中的Tibetan drinks也与饮品有关,再结合his guests可以推测
对话与男士用什么饮料招待客人相关。
【精析】B)。女士问男士难道他只打算用水招待客人吗，男士说这可不是一般的水，是来自西藏的矿泉水。
也就是说，他用来招待客人的水不同寻常。故答案为B)。
8.听力原文：W When do you have time to discuss our environmental report? I think we will have to make some
:
revisions.
M: I’ll be free at 3 o’clock this afternoon. But what exactly needs to be changed?
Q ： What are the speakers going to do this afternoon?
8. A) Report the result of a discussion. C) Submit an important document.
B) Raise some environmental issues. D) Revise an environmental report.
【预测】四个选项均为原形动词短语，且出现了 report, environmental issues以及document等词，可以判断
本题内容与某份环境报告相关，考查的是对话中的两人打算怎样处理这份报告，或是针对这份报告将采取
什么行动，是“ 汇报结果”、“ 提出问题”、“上交文件”还是“ 进行修改”。
【精析】D)。女士问男士什么时候有时间讨论环境报告，她认为还需要做一些修改，男士说他下午三点钟
有空，并且询问报告中哪些地方需要修改。由此可知，两人下午应该会针对环境报告进行修改。故答案为
D)。
Conversation One
9-12.听力原文：
W ： Why is it important to recycle?
M： There are many reasons. Recycling is one way to keep waste out of landfills. Landfills are places to dump waste.
4(9) But they are unpopular, because they can pollute the soil used to cover them and that’s bad for people who
may build new homes there. Recycling also reuses valuable raw materials, such as aluminum and paper.
Finally，recycling can leave a lower garbage bill. Recycling lowers the amount of waste put into landfills,
therefore, less money is spent for garbage disposal.
W ： How has recycling changed over the years?
M： (10)Ten or twenty years ago, you could buy milk in returnable, refillable glass bottles, and many people
recycled voluntarily. Now you buy milk and other products in plastic bottles or paper containers. Because of the
high cost of disposing of these things in landfills，many city governments now have recycling programs.
W ： How does recycling help the environment?
M： (11) Recycling helps the environment mainly by saving energy. For example, it takes 95 percent less energy to
produce recycled aluminum than to produce new aluminum.
W ： Can one person really make a difference? If only a few people recycle, then what’s the point?
M ： If not you, then who? (12) If we combine our efforts，we can make a difference. Each of us contributes to the
waste problem. All the millions of tons of waste that go into landfills started as an old pair of slippers, a broken TV
set，or a used magazine that came from somebody’s house—maybe yours!
9. Why are landfills unpopular according to the man?
A) They pollute the soil used to cover them. C) The rubbish in them takes long to dissolve.
B) They are harmful to nearby neighborhoods. D) The gas they emit is extremely poisonous.
A。【精析】男士明确提到 landfills“垃圾填埋”不受欢迎,因为这种垃圾处理方式最终会污染覆盖垃圾的
土壤，也不利于可能在那里建新家的人，故A)是答案。
10. What does the man say has contributed to the increasing amount of waste over the years?
A) Growing population. C) Changed eating habits.
B) Packaging materials. D) Lower production cost.
B。【精析】对话中男士说十年或二十年前，人们所使用的包装材料本身就是可以回收反复利用的，而现
在，不论是塑料包装还是纸质包装，大多属于抛弃型包装，这增大了污染处理难度。因此，包装材料的变
B
化导致废品数量增加，故 )是答案。
11. According to the man, how does recycling help the environment?
A) By saving energy. C) By reducing poisonous wastes.
B) By using less aluminum. D) By making the most of materials.
A。【精析】对话中女士询问男士循环使用怎样对环境产生有利的影响，男士明确答复循环利用主要通过
节约能源来达到保护环境的效果，故A)是答案。
12. Why does the man say everybody should make an effort to recycle?
A) We are running out of natural resources soon.
B) Only combined efforts can make a difference.
C) The waste problem will eventually hurt all of us
D) All of us can actually benefit from recycling.
5B)。【精析】对话中男士说我们每个人都是垃圾制造者，因此，只有我们一起努力，才能真正取得良好的
效果，故B)是答案。
Conversation Two
听力原文：
W： (13) Could you please give me information on airfares from Miami to Bellingham, Washington? (14) We’d
like to buy somehow good flight as cheaply as possible.
M： Let’s see. I want to advise you to pay the normal one-way economy class fare of $ 555. (15) If you can fly on a
Tuesday or Wednesday and buy your tickets at least 21 days in advance, I suggest you book a round- trip
excursion flight.
W ： But we may not need the return tickets.
M: That’s all right. Even if you don’t use them，you should be able to save $89 over the one-way fare. (15) Of
course, I’d recommend early booking. You ought to try to reserve the “ Super Saver” seats. There are only a few
of them and they are 50% cheaper than the others.
W ： That sounds like a good idea.
M： Wait, to save another hundred dollars or so, why don’t you book a flight to Vancouver, Canada?
W ： But that’s farther than where we want to go.
M: I know, but you can take a bus from Vancouver back to Bellingham and still save money. And if you are
travelling with children, you might be able to get a discount if you fly economy class. But they don’t get any
discount. (15) But to take the advantage of the airliners guarantee fare policy, you’d have to make reservations and
pay for your tickets at least 6 weeks in advance. Try and begin the search for available scats...
W ： No, thank you.
M： Excuse me?
W I may call you back if we don’t decide to drive.
:
【预测】 预览三道题各选项，第13题的四个选项均为地点，第14题中的one-way tickets, price of...seats
和fly以及第15题中的airline，都可以推测对话围绕出行目的地，机票价格及航线展开。
13、Where is the woman planning to go?
A) Miami. B) Vancouver. C) Bellingham. D) Boston.
C)。【详解】对话开头部分,女士明确告诉男士她想获取由迈阿密飞往华盛顿贝灵翰姆的机票情况，由此确
定她的目的地是Bellingham，故C)是答案。
14、What is the woman’s purpose in calling the man?
A) To get information on one-way tickets to Canada.
B) To inquire about the price of “ Super Saver” seats.
C) To get advice on how to fly as cheaply as possible.
D) To inquire about the shortest route to drive home.
6C。【详解】解对话中女士直截了当地表示她想购买尽可能便宜的航班，故C)是答案。
15、What does the man advise the woman to do?
A) Join a tourist group. C) Avoid trips in public holidays.
B) Choose a major airline. D) Book tickets as early as possible.
D。【详解】对话中男士多次提到了尽早订票,如“至少提前21天”、“建议早预订”和“至少提前6周订
票并付全款”，由此可知，男士向女士建议，如果想要获取便宜机票，一定要尽早订票，故D)是答案。。
Section B
Passage One
What makes a person famous? This is a mystery that many people have carefully thought about. All kinds of
myths surround the lives of well-known people. Most people are familiar with the works of William Shakespeare,
one of the greatest English writers of the 16th and 17th centuries. (16) Yet how many know Shakespeare the person,
the man behind the works? After centuries of research, scholars are still trying to discover Shakespeare's personal
history. It is not easily found in his writings. Authors of the time could not protect their works. An acting company,
for example, could change a play if they wanted to. Nowadays, writers have copyrights that protect their work.
Many myths arose about Shakespeare. Some said he had no formal education. Others believe that he began his
career by tending the horses of wealthy men. All of these myths are interesting, but are they true? Probably not. (17)
Shakespeare’s father was a respected man in Stratford-on-Avon, a member of the town council. He sent young
William to grammar school. Most people of Elizabethan times did not continue beyond grammar school; so,
Shakespeare did have, at least, an average education. (18) Some parts of Shakespeare’s life will always remain
unknown. The Great London Fire of 1666 burned many important documents that could have been a source of clues.
We will always be left with many questions and few facts.
【预测】 预览三道题各选项，选项中都含有he，his或him这些人称代词，再结合选项中多次出现的词汇
works, writers和sources等可以推测，短文可能与某位男作家相关。
16、What does the speaker say about William Shakespeare?
A) There are mysterious stories behind his works.
B) There are many misunderstandings about him.
C) His works have no match worldwide.
D) His personal history is little known.
D。【详解】短文中作者首先提出“有多少人了解莎士比亚本人”的问题，接着指出学者们经过几个世纪
的研究之后,仍然在不断探索他的个人史。由此可知，莎士比亚的个人史很少有人知道。故D)为答案。
17、What do we learn about Shakespeare^ father?
A) He moved to Stratford-on-Avon in his childhood.
B) He failed to go beyond grammar school.
C) He was a member of the town council.
D) He once worked in a well-known acting company.
C。【详解】本题考查对莎士比亚父亲的了解，由于使用的人称代词都是he,易对听前预测造成一定干扰，
听录音时应注意将选项和短文内容进行匹配区别。短文中提到莎士比亚的父亲受人尊敬，是埃文河畔斯特
拉特福镇议会的一名成员。故C)为答案。
&
18、Why does the speaker say parts of Shakespeare's life will remain a mystery?
A) Writers of his time had no means to protect their works.
B) Possible sources of clues about him were lost in a fire.
7C) His works were adapted beyond recognition.
D) People of his time had little interest in him.
B。【详解】短文中提到1666年伦敦的一场大火把很多重要文件烧毁了，而这些本来可能是了解莎士比亚
的线索，因此莎士比亚一部分的生活将永远不为人所知。故B)为答案。
Passage Two
Almost everyone suffers from a headache occasionally. But some people suffer from repeated, frequent
headaches. (19) A headache is important because it can be the first warning of a serious condition that could
probably be controlled if discovered early. If a person removes the warning, day after day, with a painkiller, he or
she may pass the point of easy control. The professional name for covering up a symptom is “masking”. (20) A
headache specialist once said, “Masking symptoms is not the best way of treatment. Sometimes it is wiser to stand
still than to advance in darkness.” A headache often interferes needlessly with normal, happy living. The employee
with a headache does less work. In a flash of temper he or she may upset fellow workers or customers, causing a
direct or indirect loss to the organization. The mother with a headache suffers and disturbs the family. She upsets
her husband and children. Rest, quiet, and fresh air stop many common headaches. (21) Lying down and possibly
falling asleep may help. One can often handle tension headaches by rubbing and pressing back neck muscles. Heat
from an electric pad or a warm bath can also help. Because hunger may be overlooked as a headache source, one
must make a habit of regular meals. If a meal must be postponed for more than an hour, a snack helps to avoid a
hunger headache.
【预测】 预览三道题各选项,由第19题中的ignoring your health和early warning of some illness可以判断，
短文与健康和疾病相关，第20题和第21题的选项与治疗和休息相关，因此确定本文讲述的是健康问题与
保健方法浐。
19、Why does the speaker say a headache is important?
A) It shows you have been ignoring your health.
B) It can seriously affect your thinking process.
C) It is an early warning of some illness.
D) It is a symptom of too much pressure.
C。【详解】短文开头部分提到，头痛不容忽视，因为它可能是某种严重疾病的先兆，如果能够引起重视，
就可以早发现、早治疗，故C)是答案。
20、What do specialists suggest we do with headaches?
A) Reduce our workload. C) Use painkillers for relief.
B) Control our temper. D) Avoid masking symptoms.
D。【详解】短文中提到，专家认为不应该使用止痛药来缓解头痛，这样反而遮掩了某些症状，与其在不知
情的情况下盲目行动，不如先不采取行动，故D)是答案。
21、What does the speaker say helps relieve the symptoms of common headaches?
A) Lying down and having some sleep. C) Going out for a walk.
B) Rubbing and pressing one’s back. D) Listening to light music.
A。【详解】短文提到，躺下来休息一下，睡一会儿会有所帮助，故A)是答案。
Passage Three
(25) If your paycheck seems to be disappearing into thin air, you may be stuck in money traps. But don’t despair.
Most people can get unstuck without going bankrupt. (22) The biggest budget mistake is no budget at all. As one
reader put it, we just put all the bills in a pile, and try to decide which to pay. As she and others have learned, however,
the money usually runs out before the bills do. The same problem plagues many who do have budget In letter after
8letter we read, “It looks good on paper, but it never seems to work.” Why not? Often because the budgets are
unrealistic. The solution Make a detailed record of where all your money goes now; then study it carefully. Look for
:
expenses that can be cut back. (23) And don’t give up in the face of high fixed expenses. Many of these can be
reduced too. In fact, it’s often easier to save on essentials than on enjoyable extras. (24) If housing takes more than
25 percent of your income, for example, consider moving to a cheaper place, or renting out an extra room. If utility
bills are high, get the whole family involved in a conservation plan. Some bills can be eliminated altogether. When
one mother realized that cable TV was costing her $ 500 a year, she decided that network TV wasn’t so bad. If you
question every expense, you can find a few that can be reduced.
【预测】预览四道题各选项，由 loans, spending, payment, income, financial 和 family budget 等词，
可以初步判断短文与财务问题相关，由第 22题的四个选项可以了解到短文以家庭财务困境开篇，而接下
来第24题各选项给出了一些建议，由此可知文章针对开篇所提到的财务困难给出了解决方案。
22、What does the speaker say is the biggest budget mistake?
A) Depending heavily on loans. C) Spending beyond one’s means.
B) Having no budget plans at all. D) Leaving no room for large bills.
B
B。【详解】短文开头部分提到，最糟糕的预算错误就是根本没有预算，故 )为答案。
23、What does the speaker say about the so-called fixed expenses?
A) Many of them can be cut. C) They eat up most of the family income.
B) All of them have to be covered. D) They eat up most of the family income.
A。【详解】短文在讲到“fixed expenses”时，表明的态度就是“不要以为某些支出看上去是固定的，就认
为无法节省了”，故A)是答案。
24、What does the speaker suggest people do to save housing expenses?
A) Rent a house instead of buying one. C) Make a conservation plan.
B) Discuss the problem in the family. D) Move to a cheaper place.
D。【详解】短文在后半部分提到，如果住房支出超过了收人的25%，那么就要考虑搬去更便宜的地方，或
把多余的房间租出去，故D)是答案。
25、What is mainly discussed in the talk?
A) Financial issues plaguing a family. C) Family budget problems and solutions.
B) Difficulty in making both ends meet. D) New ways to boost family income.
C。【详解】短文开篇点题，指出最糟糕的预算错误是根本没有预算，接着解释了人们出现家庭财务危机的
C
原因，并提供了一些解决方案和建议，故 )是答案。
Section C
26、particular。【详解】此处应该填人形容词，修饰名词reason。particular意为“特别的，特定的”。
27、automatically。【详解】此处应该填人副词，修饰动词ensure。automatically意为“自动地”。
28、drag。【详解】此处应该填人动词，充当句子的谓语。drag意为“拖拉，吃力地行走”。
29、 demanding。【详解】此处应该填人形容词，修饰名词courses。demanding意为“要求高的”。
30、satisfaction。【详解】空格位于no之后，应该填人名词。satisfaction意为“满意”。
31、failing。【详解】空格前面为介词by,后面为人称代词them作宾语，应该填人动名词,构成介词短语，
充当句子的状语。fail意为“使某人不及格”。
32、better off。【详解】空格位于系动词be之后，应该填入形容词或形容词短语。be better off doing sth.
是固定搭配，意为“最好做某事”。
33、profit from。【详解】此处应该填人动词或动词短语，充当句子的谓语。Ptofit from意为“从……中获
益”。
934、sort out。【详解】此处应该填人动词原形，与前面的to构成不定式短语。sort out是固定搭配，意为“理
清，整理”。
35、probably。【详解】此处应该填人副词，充当句子的状语。probably意 为“可 能”。
PartⅢ Reading Comprehension
Section A
答案详解：
36、H) passively。【详解】解副词辨析题。空格位于动词sitting后面，此处应填入副词。由上文可知“花
这么多时间坐着”是指坐着看电视，这不是积极的活动，所以答案是H) passively“消极地。备选副词中，
previously意为“先前”，与文意不符，因此排除。
37、F) harmful【详解】形容词辨析题。在how引导的宾语从句中，being a couch potato是主语,can be是谓
语，how是表语，而how是关系副词，因此本空应填入形容词。由上文可知,看电视会导致肥胖症和其他
疾病，a couch potato指“长时间坐在沙发上看电视的人”，由此可推断，本句是在说长时间看电视的坏处，
因此答案是F) harmful。解答本题的关键在于理解 a couch potato 的意思。此外，备选形容词中 effective 意
为“有效的，与文意不符，因此排除。
38、I) previously。【详解】副词辨析题。空格位于large和published之间，用来修饰published,因此应填入
副。published意为“已发布的”，那么应该是以前发布的，因此答案是I) previously。
39、L) surfing。【详解】名词辨析题。空格位于名词channel后面，应该填入外一个名词根据文意可知，本
段在列举看电视的坏处的量化结果，因此空格表达的内容应该与“看电视”有关，channel在此处意为“频
道”,而且channel surfing是固定搭配，意为“频繁更换电视频道（以寻找有趣节目）”，因此答案是L)
surfing。
40、 C) decade。【详解】解名词辨析题。空格位于不定冠词a之后，应填入名词。分析上下文可知，本句
与前一句及后一句是哈佛大学领导的小组的研究结果,另外两句的研究结果都是历经一段时间的，本句也不
例外。 因此，本空应填入表示时间的词，备选词中表示时间的词只有C) decade，由此得出答案。
41、A) climbed。【详解】动词辨析题。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，所以空格处应填入动词作谓语。
根据文意可知，本句仍然指看电视带来的坏处,因此过早死亡的几率应该是增加的，故答案是A) climbed。
42、 G) outcomes。【详解】名词辨析题。空格位于代词these之后，应填入复数名词。these —般指代上
文中出现的内容,而前一句在介绍哈佛大学领导的小组的研究结果，因此空格处应填入含有“结果”意义的
名词，由此得出答案是G) outcomes备选复数名词中，terminals意为“航空站，终点站”，与文意不符，因
此排除。
43、 E) effective。 【详解】形容词辨析题。 空格位于副词和介词之间,be动词之后，所以应填入形容词。
空格前一句提到，所有上述结果都与缺乏体育锻炼有关。本句进行转折，指出与其他久坐不动的行为比起
来，看电视可能在促成不健康的习惯方面尤其。由句意可推断出，看电视可能在使人们养成不健康的习惯
方面尤其有效，因此答案是E) effective。
44、B) consume。【详解】动词辨析题。空格位于make you more likely to和 them之间，应填入动词原
形。本句意思是，其他研究表明，观看啤酒和爆米花的广告使人更有可能 它们。由句意可知，them
指代beer and popcorn ，空格处应填人含有“吃，喝”意义的动词，因此答案是B) consume。
45、D) determine。【详解】动词辨析题。空格位于to和whether引导的从句之间，应填入动词。本句even
so意思是“即便如此”，接着指出研究者们并没有比较不同的久坐不动的活动，因此并不能确定看电视是
否有更高的风险患糖尿病、心脏病或过早死亡，因此答案是D) determine。
Section B
Passage One
46、Some professionals in education are collecting signatures to voice their opposition to automated essay
10grading.
F)。【译文】一些教育专家正在收集签名以表 明他们反对自动化短文评分。
【精析】F)段提到，一个教育工作者团体从上个月起开始散发反对自动化评估软件的请愿书。该团体已收
集 到了近2000个签名，包括诺姆•乔姆斯基等知名人士在内。题干是对该段的概括，故答案为F)。
47、Using software to grade students’ essays saves teachers time for other work.
B)。【译文】利用软件给学:生的作文评分可 以节约教师的时间来开展其他工作。
【精析】B)段介绍EdX这家非营利性组织引人了自动评分软件,然后简要介绍该软件利用人工智能对学生
的短文和简答题进行评分，将教授们解放出来以开展其他工作。题干中的saves teachers time for other work
是原文中freeing professors for other tasks的同义转述，故答案为B)。
48、The Hewlett contests aim at improving essay grading Software.
M)。【译文】休利特竞赛旨在改良作文评分软件。
【精析】M)段提到，休利特基金会赞助了两个金额10万美元的奖项，旨在对短文和简答题评分软件进行
改进。本段最后一句将这种比赛称为Hewlett contest,而且题干中的essay grading software是原文中的
software that grades essays and short answers 的同义转述，故答案为 M)。
49、Though the automated grading system is widely used in multiple-choice tests, automated essay grading is still
criticized by many educators.
C)。【译文】尽管自动化评分系统广泛应用于选择题测验中，但是短文自动评分仍然受到很多教育工作者
的批评。
【精析】C)段第二句指出，虽然现在针对选择题和判断正误题的自动评分系统已经非常普遍,但利用人工
智 能技术对短文进行评分尚未得到教育工作者的广泛认可，而且批评声也很多。由B)段可知，人工智能
技术就 是短文自动化评分系统，因此题干是对C)段画线部分的概括，故答案为C)。
50、Some people don’t believe the software grading system can do as good a job as human graders.
E)。【译文】 一些人认为软件评分系统做得没有人工打分那么好。
【精析】E)段提到，怀疑人士表示，自动化系统比不上活生生的老师。莱斯•佩雷尔曼就是其中一人，他将
文理不通的文章组合在一起，而软件评分程序不明就里，给出了很高的分数。此外，对于有关软件评分优
于人力评分的研究，他也持强烈的批评态度。题干是对本段最后一句话的同义转述，故答案为E)。
51、Critics of automated essay scoring do not seem to know the true realities in less famous universities.
Q)。【译文】短文自动评分的批评者似乎不知道不那么著名的大学里的真实现状。
【精析】舍米斯博士认为批评者们大多来自于非常著名的机构，他们给出的反馈的确优于机器的反馈。但
是他们似乎缺乏对现实世界中真实情况的了解。Q)段最后一句中的appreciation意思是“理解”，in the real
world指的是教学条件不是很好的学校，题干与该句意思相符，故答案为Q)。
52、Critics argue many important aspects of effective writing cannot be measured by computer rating programs.
G) 。【译文】批评者认为有效写作的很多重要方面无法被计算机评分程序所衡量。
【精析】G)段提到了反对短文自动化评分软件的理由。他们称计算机不能“阅读”，计算机无法衡量有效
书 面表达的基本要素:准确性、逻辑、充足的论据、完整的意义、伦理立场等。题干中的important aspects
和原文 中的the essentials是同义转述，writing和written communication是同义转述，故答案为G)。
53、As class size grows，most teachers are unable to give students valuable comments as to how to improve their
writing.
P)。【译文】随着课堂规模的增大，大多数老师不 能就如何提高写作给予学生宝贵的评论。
【精析】P)段第一句提到，随着班级规模的不断扩大，大多数老师都不太可能就学生的作文给出有意义的
反馈。题干中的 give students valuable comments 是对原文中的 give students meaningful feedback 的同义转
11述，故答案为P)。
54、The automated assessment technology is sometimes used to double check the work of human graders.
J)。【译文】自动化评分技术有时被用来 检验人工打分的工作。
【精析】J 段介绍了短文自动评分系统的使用情况。很多商业公司和美国五个州的中学都在使用。最后
一句提到,在某些情况下，该软件充当了“第二阅卷者”的角色，用来检验人工评分的可靠性。题干是对本
句的同义转述，故答案为J)。
55、Students find instant feedback helps improve their learning considerably.
D)。【译文】学生们发现即时反馈有助于极大地提高他们的学习。
【精析】D)段提到，EdX总裁阿加瓦尔博士认为短文自动评分软件的优点是能够给予即时反馈，学生们也
告诉他们说有了即时反馈，他们学得更好。题干与本段最后一句是同义转述，故答案为D)。
Section C
Passage One
答案详解：
56、B)。定位：由题干中的 hope 和 balance 定位到首段第一、二句:The endless debate about “work-life
balance” often contains a hopeful footnote about stay-at-home dads. If American society and business won5t make it
easier on future female leaders who choose to have children, there is still the ray of hope that increasing numbers of
full-time fathers will.
详解：推理判断题。由文章第一段第一、二句可知，全职父亲的增多给女性职工在工作和家庭之间进行选
择的两难境地带来了一丝希望。根据常识可知，在传统的观念里，女性更多地承担家庭责任，选项B)“人
们对于家庭的态度的转变 ”，也就是文中所述的越来越多的男性回归家庭，故答案为B)。
点睛：A) “更多的男性休延长的产假”，首段中提到的是full-time fathers“全职父亲”，而并非休产假的父
亲，可以排除;C) “更多的女性加人企业管理层”，文中并未提及，可以排除;D) “她们的社会经济地位
的提升”，首段最后一句提到，基于现在的社会经济趋势，这种希望是被误导的，其暗指的意思是，在大
的趋势下,女性并不能从家庭中真正解放出来，可见该选项的意思正好与文章意思相悖，可以排除。
57、C)。定位：立由题干中的 misguided 定位到第一段最后一句:But based on today’s socioeconomic trends,
this hope is，unfortunately，misguided.和第二段第一句：It’s true that the number of men who have left work
to do their thing as full-time parents has doubled in a decade，but it’s still very small…
详解：推理判断题。文章第一段最后一句提到了 misguided —词，接着第二段第一句提到，近十年里放弃
工作成为全职父亲的人数翻倍的确是事实，但是这个数字仍然很小，该句是解释这种希望是被误导的原
因。选项C) “这个数字太小以至于产生不了什么影响”,是原文的同义转述，故答案为C)。
点睛:A) “女性在照顾孩子方面更擅长”，虽然从常识判断该选项正确，但是文中没有提及,并且这也不
是女性能够从家庭中被解放出来的原因，可以排除;B) “很多男人相比家庭而言更看重事业”，文中并未
提及，可以排除;D)“没有很多男人有机会待在家里”，从文中信息判断越来越多的男性成为全职父亲，
从趋势上看,该选项意思与文意并不相符，可以排除。
58、A)。定位：由题干中的parental leave定位到文章第四段前四句:Such choices impact who moves up in the
organization. While you’re away, someone else is doing your work, making your sales, taking care of your
customers. That can’t help you at work. It can only hurt you.
详解：推理判断题。文章第四段前四句指出，这样的选择（即长期休假)会影响到那些在组织中希望晋升的
12人。当你离开的时候，其他人会承担你的工作，替你完成销售，照顾你的客户。这些并不能有助于你的工
作。这只能伤害你。由此可知,答案为A)。
点睛：B) “他们在工作中有太多的职责要去履行”，文章中并未提及，可以排除;C) “经济损失会让一
个家庭无法承担”，文中并未提及男性停止工作后在经济上有很多的损失，可以排除;D)“如果长时间脱
离工作岗位，他们可能会被解雇”，根据文中信息，男性长期休假回来后会遭到某些非议或不满，但并不
至于被解雇，可以排除。
59、 B)。定位：由题干中的 returning from an extended parental leave 定位到文章第四段最后一句:But
with many more women than men choosing to leave the workforce entirely to raise families，returning from an
extended parental leave doesn’t raise as many eyebrows as it does for men.
详解：详解推理判断题。文章第四段最后一句中 raise eyebrows 表示“惊讶”，surprise 是该词组的同义转
述，故答案为B)。
点睛：A) “嫉妒，C) “崇敬，和D) “同情”均与原文意思不符，可以排除。
60、D）。定位：由题干中的high-potential women和not-too-distant future定位到最后一段最后一句：...but
their presence won’t reduce the numbers of high-potential women who are forced to choose between family and
career.
详解： 推理判断题。文章最后一段最后一句提到，在可以预见的未来，全职父亲可能会给个体家庭带来改
变，但是他们的存在并不能减少那些在工作和家庭之间被迫做选择的很有潜力的女性的数量。 选项D)
“女性仍然会面临家庭和事业的两难选择”是对文章意思的合理推断，故答案为D)。
点睛：A) “ 她们会受益于更多全职父亲这一趋势”，与文意相悖，可以排除;B) “她们会找到高薪的更
利于家庭生活的职业”，文中第四段中只是提到如果高薪职业更有利于家庭生活，女性会得到很好的发展，
而这只是一种假设，并不一定会实现，可以排除;C)“她们不可能为了家庭而中断自己的事业发展”，与
原文不符，可以排除。
Passage Two
答案详解：
61、C)。定位由题干中的draw attention to定位到第一段第三至五句:Food riots and hunger make news. But the
trend lying behind these matters is rarely talked about. This is the decline in the growth in yields of some of the
world’s major crops.
详解：推理判断题。由第一段第三、四句可知，食物短缺引发的暴乱和饥饿通常是大新闻。但是很少有人
谈论这些事情背后的发展趋势。第五句中的this指的就是第四句中的 the trend lying behind these matters,
所以作者想让大家关注的是 the decline in the growth in yields of some of the world’s nuajor crops,故答案为C)
“粮食产量增速下”。
点睛:A) “世界上食物引发的暴乱和饥饿”通常是新闻报道的关注点,但并不是作者关心的问题; B) “主
流媒体的新标题”与原文内容无关;D)“人口众多的国家的食物供应”是原文第三段提到的粮食产量增速
减缓的特点之一，过于片面，因此排除。
62、A)。定位：由题干中的India and China定位到原文第三段第二、三句：One is that it has been particularly
sharp in the world’s most populous (人口 多的）countries, India and China. Their ability to feed themselves has
been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets.
详解：推理判断题。由第三段第二句可知，研究发现印度和中国粮食产量增速下降尤其剧烈。第三 句进一
步解释这一点为什么令人担心，原因在于这两个国家人口众多，它们养活自己的能力是保证两国 内和世界
粮食市场相对稳定的重要来源，故答案为A) “他们的自给自足对世界粮食市场的稳定性至关重要”。
点睛：B)“它们的粮食产量在最近几年急剧下降”不符合原文，原文提到的是粮食产量増速下降，而不是
实际产量下降;C)“它们的众多人口引起了世界广泛的关注”不符合文意;D) “他们粮食能够自给自足被
认为是理所当然的”不符合文意，因此排除。
63、D)。定位：由题干中的crop improvement efforts定位到原文第四段第四句:The authors note that “We have
13preferentially focused our crop improvement efforts on feeding animals and cars rather than on crops that feed
people and are the basis of food security in much of the world.
详解：推理判断题。由第四段第四句可知，研究者们认为人们偏向专注于提高喂养动物和为汽车提供能源
的农作物的产量,而不是能养活人类的农作物的产量，故答案为D) “他们更加关注动物饲料而不是人类粮
食产量的增加”。
点睛：A) “他们没能达到同20世纪80年代之前同样出色的结果”、B) “他们对增加人类粮食产量做出
了巨大贡献”和C)“他们在保证世界食品安全方面扮演了重要角色”在原文中均未提及，因此排除。
64、D)。定位：由题干中的 the Food and Agriculture Organisation 定位到原文第五段:The report...which
suggests that the world will not have to dig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050,
as the Food and Agriculture Organisation has argued.
详解： 推理判断题。第五段中which suggests 后面即是联合国粮食农业组织的观点，它认为人们不需要再
开垦更多的土地来耕种以养活到2050年的90亿人口，故答案为D)“ 不增加农田世界也能养活 所有人口”。
点睛）：A)“不断增长的人口将会大大地增加世界粮食供应的压力”和C)“主要粮食作物产量增速的下降
将被逆转”在原文中均未提及，故排除;B)“应该谨慎对待对粮食生产的乐观预测”是作者的观点， 而不
是联合国粮食农业组织的观点，因此排除。
65、 B)。定位：由题干中的 the author view the argument 定位到原文最后一段第三句:The trouble is that
the forecast assumes continued improvements in yields, which may not actually happen.
详解：观点态度题。原文第五段提到了联合国粮食农业组织的乐观预测，最后一段第一、二句首先 说明这
一预测是有可能发生的，而第三句才是作者真正的观点，即该预测的问题在于假设产量会持续增加，但是
这未必会发生。故答案为B) “它是基于不可靠的假设”。
点睛：A) “它是基于一项新研究的发现”是原文第五段提到的事实，并不是作者的观点;C) “它有强有力
的证据支持”和D)“它有待于进一步讨论”在原文中均未提及，因此排除。
PartⅣ Translation
据报道，今年中国快递服务（courier services)将递送大约120亿件包裹。这将使中国有可能超越美国
成为世界上最大的快递市场。大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品。中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞 争力
的价格销售商品的机会。仅在11月11日，中国消费者就从国内最大的购物平台购买了价值90亿美元的商
品。中国有不少这样的特殊购物日。因此,快递业在中国扩展就不足为奇了。
It is reported that courier services in China will deliver about 12 billion parcels this year, which makes it
possible for China to overtake the United States and become the largest market for courier services in the world.
Most of the parcels contain items purchased online. China offers millions of online retailers opportunities to sell their
products at significantly competitive prices. Chinese consumers bought $ 9 billion worth of commodities from the
nation’s largest shopping platform just on the day of 11th November. Since there are many such special shopping
days in China, it is no wonder that China5s courier services have expanded.
难点注释：
1、第一句中,“据报道”译为 It is reported that...。“120亿”译为12 billion， 这里应注意英文中的数字
与汉语中的数字表达的差异。“包裹”可以用 parcel 或 package 等词来表达。
2、在翻译第二句时，由于该句与第一句关系密切，故可以将该句处理为一个由which引导的非限制性定语从句。
“使 有可能”采用make it possible for sb. to do sth.句式，其中it是形式宾语，for sb. to do sth.是真正宾语。
也可以将该句单独译为 China could overtake the United States to become the world’s largest express delivery
market.
3、第三句中，“装着”可译为contain, be filled with或be full of。“网上订购的物品”译为items purchased/
ordered online，英语中过去分词短语作定语修饰名词时后置。
144、第四句中，“给…零售商…的机会”译法较多，可以用offer sb. sth.或provide sth. to sb.，即译为China
provides opportunities to millions of online retailers to sell goods at significantly competitive prices。
5、在翻译第五句时，应注意英文中习惯将时间状语放在句尾，因此需要调整语序。如果为了强调，也可以
置于句首。“从国内最大的购物平台购买了价值90亿美元的商品”也可以意译为spent $9 billion on the
largest shopping platform of the nation。
6、第六句和第七句是明显的因果关系，因此可以利用连词since 将两句合并为一句。第六句中“有”的含义
是“存 在”，而不是“拥有”，因此本句最好用there be句型。
7、第七句也可以独立成句，用therefore或thus等与上文衔接。第七句中“不足为奇”可译为It/ There is no
wonder that...,其中 that引导的从句是真正主语。也可以保持原句语序，译为The expansion of China’s
express industry is not surprising at all.
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