文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．imagery n．形象的描述；意象；像
2．rhythm n．节奏；韵律；规律
3．nursery adj.幼儿教育的 n．托儿所；保育室
4．nursery rhyme童谣；儿歌
5．mockingbird n．嘲鸫(美洲鸣禽，能模仿别种鸟的鸣叫)
6．brass n．黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器
7．billy goat n．公山羊
8．bull n．公牛
9．dewdrop n．露珠；水珠
10．clover n．三叶草
11．butterfly n．蝴蝶
12．lawn n．草坪，草地
13．cinquain n．五行诗
14．haiku n．俳句
15．syllable n．音节
16．blossom n．花朵；花簇 vi.变得更加健康(或自信、成功)
17．await vt.等候；期待；将发生在
18．revolve vi.旋转；环绕；转动
19．core n．核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿
20．cherry n．樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色 adj.樱桃色的；鲜红色的
21．cherry blossom樱花
22．verse n．诗；韵文；诗节
23．civilian n．平民；老百姓
24．prose n．散文
25．dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的26．sonnet n．十四行诗
27．barren adj.贫瘠的；不结果实的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．rhyme n．押韵词；押韵的短诗 vi.& vt.(使)押韵
2．folk adj.民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的
3．diamond n．钻石；金刚石；菱形
4．bee n．蜜蜂
5．dawn n．黎明；开端；萌芽
6．amateur n．业余爱好者 adj.业余的；业余爱好的
7．mood n．情绪；心情；语气
8．tease vi.& vt.取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄
9．format n．格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式 vt.格式化
10．delicate adj.精美的；精致的；脆弱的
11．utter vt.出声；说；讲 adj.完全的；十足的；彻底的
12．comprehension n．理解力；领悟力；理解练习
13．shelf n．(pl.shelves)架子；搁板
14．blank adj.空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的 n．空白；空格
15．version n．版本；(从不同角度的)说法
16．era n．时代；年代；纪元
17．sow vt.& vi.(sowed，sown/sowed)播种；种
18．seed n．种子；起源；萌芽
19．deadline n．最后期限；截止日期
20．contest n．比赛；竞赛；竞争 vt.争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩
21．polish vt.修改；润色；抛光 n．上光剂；抛光；擦亮
22．string n．细绳；线；一串 vt.(strung，strung)悬挂；系 adj.弦乐器的；线织的
23．wherever conj.在任何地方；在所有……的情况下 adv.(用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里
24．grief n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事
25．complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的
26．prejudice n．偏见；成见 vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．drama n．戏；剧；戏剧艺术→dramatic adj.戏剧(性)的；突然的→dramatically adv.突然
地；戏剧性地；引人注目地
2．sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲哀的
3．literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的→literature n．文学
4．recite vt.背诵；吟诵；列举→recitation n．朗诵；逐一叙述5．respectively adv.分别；各自；依次为→respective adj.分别的；各自的
6．sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的→sympathy n．同情；赞同
7．innocence n．天真；单纯；无罪→innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的
8．correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系→correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信
9．variation n．变化；变体；变奏曲→vary vi.变化；不同→various adj.不同的；各种各样
的→variety n．多样性；变化
10．racial adj.种族的；人种的→race n．竞争；种族 vi.& vt.(与……)赛跑；(与……)竞争
1．mighty /'maIti/ adj.强大的；强有力的；非凡的
2．obsess /əb'ses/ vt.使痴迷；使迷恋
be obsessed with痴迷于；沉迷于
3．curse /kɜːs/ vt.& vi.诅咒；咒骂
4．embrace /Im'breIs/ vt.欣然接受；抱；拥抱
5．migrant /'maIɡrənt/ n．(为工作)移居者；移民；候鸟；迁徙动物→migrate /maI'greIt/ vi.
移居；迁移；迁徙
6．indulge /In'dʌldʒ/ vt.& vi.沉迷(于)；放纵
indulge oneself放纵；享受
indulge in沉迷；沉溺于
7．inherit /In'herIt/ vt.& vi.经遗传获得；继承(遗产)；继任
8．deposit /dI'pɒzIt/ n．存款；押金；订金 vt.存入银行；付押金；付订金
9．exceed /Ik'siːd/ vt.超过(数量)；超越(法律、命令等)的限制
10．cautious /'kɔːʃəs/ adj.小心的；谨慎的→caution /'kɔːʃn/ n．谨慎；小心
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．be made up of 由……组成(构成)
2．to the point切题
3．make sense有意义；讲得通
4．consist of由……组成/构成
5．be popular with受……的欢迎
6．in particular尤其；特别
7．of one’s own 属于自己的
8．pay attention to注意
9．keep up with跟上，赶上
10．be based on以……为基础
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．There are various reasons why people compose poetry.(why引导的定语从句)人们创作诗歌有各种各样的原因。
2．By playing with the words in nursery rhymes，children learn about language.(by doing...)
通过玩童谣中的文字游戏，孩子们学习了语言。
3．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may eventually want to write
poems of your own.(with的复合结构)
有这么多不同的诗歌形式可供选择，你最终也许想自己作诗了。
4．The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.(The
reason is that...)
原因是他们能够感受到爱的温暖，享受到童年的天真。
5．Browning was sure about his love，so he found a way to visit her，and immediately
convinced her to become his bride.(so连接的并列句)
布朗宁确信自己爱她，因此他找到了一个方法去拜访她，并且立即说服她成为自己的新娘。
6．Poetry should always be read aloud，as that is when you can hear the music of the words.
(when引导的表语从句)
(你)总是应该大声朗读诗歌，因为那是你能听到词汇之美的时候。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分)
1．rhythm n．节奏；韵律；规律
2．nursery adj.幼儿教育的 n．托儿所；保育室
3．dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的
4．barren adj.贫瘠的；不结果实的
5．revolve vi.旋转；环绕；转动
6．civilian n．平民；老百姓
7．blossom n．花朵；花簇 vi. 变得更加健康 ( 或自信、成功 )
8．await vt.等候；期待；将发生在
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．version n．版本；(从不同角度的)说法
2．polish vt.修改；润色；抛光 n．上光剂；抛光；擦亮
3．grief n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事
4．amateur n．业余爱好者 adj.业余的；业余爱好的
5．mood n．情绪；心情；语气
6．tease vi.& vt.取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄
7．wherever conj.在任何地方；在所有……的情况下 adv.(用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里8．utter vt.出声；说；讲 adj.完全的；十足的；彻底的
9．complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的
10．prejudice n．偏见；成见 vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)
1．drama n．戏；剧；戏剧艺术→dramatic adj.戏剧(性)的；突然的→dramatically adv.突然
地；戏剧性地；引人注目地
2．literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的→literature n．文学
3．respectively adv.分别；各自；依次为→respective adj.分别的；各自的
4．variation n．变化；变体；变奏曲→vary vi.变化；不同→various adj.不同的；各种各样
的→variety n．多样性；变化
5．sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的→sympathy n．同情；赞同
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．mighty adj.强大的；强有力的；非凡的
2．deposit n．存款；押金；订金 vt.存入银行；付押金；付订金
3．cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的→caution n．谨慎；小心
4．be obsessed with痴迷于；沉迷于
5．indulge in沉迷；沉溺于
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共12分)
1． of one ’ s own 属于自己的
2．to the point 切题
3．make sense 有意义；讲得通
4．be popular with 受……的欢迎
5．in particular 尤其；特别
6．consist of/be made up of 由……组成(构成)
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．All the proof proved his innocence，so he was an innocent and straight man.(innocent)
2．I won first prize in the recitation contest by reciting a Tang poem.(recite)
3．Judging from her sorrowful eyes，I knew that her life was full of sorrow(s) ． (sorrow)
4．She corresponds regularly with her former teacher and their correspondences make them
more familiar with each other.(correspond)
5．I firmly believe that all the races are equal and racial prejudice should be avoided.(race)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．The mobile phone is fashionable and convenient to carry，so it is popular with young people.2．I am a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course.
3．My important life decision is based on reason instead of emotion，so I will never regret it.
4．In some languages，half of all words used in daily conversations are made up of no more than
100 words.
5．This popular newspaper pays attention to our national heroes rather than media celebrities.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共20分)
1．我通过听英语歌和看英语电影提高我的英语听力。(by doing...)
I get my English listening improved by listening to English songs and watching English movies.
2．有太多的准备工作要做，我不得不充分利用每一分钟。(with的复合结构)
With too many preparations to make，I have to make full use of every minute.
3．原因是沿长江的旅行将使你身心受益。(The reason is that...)
The reason is that the trip along the Yangtze River will benefit you physically and mentally.
4．绿山是一个如此有趣的休闲的地方，因此，我们在那里一定会玩得很开心。(so连接的并
列句)
Green Hill is such a fun place to relax，so we will surely have a great time there.
5．最幸福的时刻是一家人团聚在一起，有说有笑。(when引导的表语从句)
The happiest moment is when the whole family get together ， talking and laughing .
As 1.a literary amateur，Tom was fond of all kinds of literary forms，such as drama，
prose，poems full of rhythms and folk stories.So there was a string of versions of literature
works in his book shelf.He often created nursery rhymes,2.whose core centered on lively
animals，such as billy goats，bulls，bees and 3.butterflies(butterfly)．They were within
children’s comprehension,4.so they were easy to recite.His imagery of sorrow，grief and
good moods attracted civilians and nobles ， who often 5.corresponded(correspond) with
him.Tom’s sister，Jane，a professional botanist，was keen 6.on various plants.At dawn she
would appreciate delicate cherry blossoms and dewdrops on clovers.In spring，she would
sow seeds,7.awaiting(await) them to grow up.She was innocent and was always
8.sympathetic(sympathy) towards the poor.So she organized a team，which was made up of ten
adults,9.to oppose(oppose) racial prejudice in this modern era.All in all，Tom and Jane were
successful in 10.their(they) respective fields.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤(sorrowful adj.悲伤的)
•to one’s sorrow让某人悲伤的是
in deep sorrow痛苦地share happiness and sorrow同甘共苦
drown one’s sorrow in wine借酒浇愁
mix joy with sorrow悲喜交加
•sorrow at/for/over sth 对某事感到悲伤
(1)As a matter of fact，my nephew daren’t look up to see my sorrowful(sorrow) eyes.
(2)令他极为悲伤的是，他失去了一位多年来与他同甘共苦的挚友，这让他有一段时间都在
借酒浇愁。
To his great sorrow，he lost a best friend who has been sharing happiness and sorrow with him for
years，which made him drown his sorrow in wine for some time.
(3)悲伤的泪水顺着脸颊滚落，我紧紧地拥抱着父亲，说：“我又失败了。”父亲也为我的
失败而感到悲伤，他拍了拍我的肩膀，试图安慰和鼓励我。(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)
(with的复合结构)
With tears of sorrow rolling down my cheeks，I hugged my father tightly，saying，“I failed
again.” My father，also sorrowing at/for/over my failure，patted me on the shoulder，trying to
comfort and encourage me.
mood n．情绪；心情；语气
in a good/bad mood心情好/坏
be/feel in the mood for sth/to do sth 有心情做某事
be/feel in no mood for sth/to do sth 没有心情做某事
(1)Having finished a string of things，I am in the mood to walk(walk) on the lawn.
(2)简的心情如此好，以至于几乎要跳起来了，眼里噙满了喜悦的泪水。(读后续写之喜悦心
理描写)
Jane was in such a good mood that she almost jumped up，tears of happiness filling her eyes.
(3)我的头被困在南瓜里，大口喘着气，没心情和我的哥哥开玩笑。(2021·浙江1月，读后续
写)
My head trapped in the pumpkin，I gulped for air and I was in no mood to play jokes with my
elder brother.
sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的(sympathy n．同情；赞同)
·be sympathetic to/towards...赞同……；同情……
·have (no) sympathy for sb (不)同情某人
in sympathy with...赞同/支持……
out of sympathy 出于同情
with sympathy(＝sympathetically adv.)同情地(1)她走近那个可怜的男孩，同情地把他抱在怀里。(读后续写之动作、情感描写)
Approaching the poor boy，she gathered him into her arms with sympathy/sympathetically.
(2)Meredith太太同情穷人，因此每当她有时间的时候，她都会给他们带来食物和药品。(改
编自2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
Mrs Meredith was sympathetic towards /to/ had sympathy for the poor ，so she would bring food
and medicine to them whenever she had time.
(3)看到这一幕，我的心里涌起一阵同情。出于同情，我决定给这个天真的女孩一些帮助与
支持。
At the sight of the scene，a wave of sympathy welled up in my heart.Out of sympathy，I
determined to give the innocent girl some help and support.
correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信(correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系)
·correspond with sb 与某人通信
correspond to相当于……；类似于……
correspond with/to与……一致；符合
·in correspondence with与……有通信联系；与……一致
(1)The editor welcomes correspondence(correspond) from readers and amateurs on any subject.
(2)只有当你言行一致时，你才能和其他人建立更好的关系。
①You can build better relationships with others only when what you do corresponds with / to / is in
correspondence with what you say.
② Only when what you do corresponds with /to/ is in correspondence with what you say can you
build better relationships with others.(用倒装句改写)
(3)如果你有任何问题，请尽早和我通信。(应用文写作之结束语)
If you have any question，please correspond with me at your earliest convenience.
why引导的定语从句 There are various reasons why people compose poetry.人们创作
诗歌有各种各样的原因。
先行词是the reason时，定语从句的引导词需根据定语从句中缺少的成分而定，如果缺少状
语，用 why 或者 for which；如果缺少主语，则用 that/which；如果缺少宾语，则用
that/which或者不填。the reason后可直接加介词for (sth)。
(1)The reason for his absence from the conference may be that he missed his flight.
(2)我渴望这个职位的原因是我能够帮助外国人更好地理解中国文化。(应用文写作之申请信)
The reason why/for which I am starving for the position is that I can help foreigners have a better
understanding of Chinese culture.(3)汤姆走近我们，脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容。他向我们解释说他在英语演讲比赛中得了一等
奖。
Tom approached us with a broad smile spreading across his cheeks.The reason (that/which) he
explained to us was that he won first prize in English Speech Contest.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．delicate
A.脆弱的 B.精美的；精致的 C.清淡的 D.微妙的
(1)The wine has a dry delicate flavour. C
(2)His judgment and references are decidedly American，as well as his delicate stomach.(2020·
新课标Ⅰ) A
(3)Faced with such a delicate international situation，we should be careful and brave. D
(4)Xiao long bao(soup dumplings)，those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers
encasing hot，tasty soup and sweet，fresh meat，are far and away my favorite Chinese street
food.(2023·新课标Ⅰ) B
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)The teacher could tell by the blank look on Mary’s face that she didn’t understand a single
word of his lecture.茫然的
(2)My tutor has offered many suggestions and comments on my paper and polished every page of
my draft.润色
(3)That small fishing village has now blossomed into an important port.发展成为
(4)And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn’t have the budget
to buy one.人们
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1 ． He turned me downsaying that I wasn’t qualified ， and I left his office with a
sorrowful(sorrow) heart.
2．My nephew organized an expedition which was made up of one navigator and nine
sailors.
3．I was in a good mood because my loyal friend’s thorough guidance enabled me to win
first prize in the contest.
4．All the candidates for the position advertised in the newspaper must deliver a speech
respectively(respective) on July 15.
5．I hope my suggestions will be to the point and of some benefit to your coming speech contest.6．I had sympathy for Tom from the bottom of my heart，who was leading a miserable life full
of adversities.
7．I often correspond with my former monitor，who is enthusiastic，genuine and full of
vigour.
8 ． The discovery of more thorough evidence will definitely prove the steward’s
innocence(innocent)．
9．My heart sank when I was teased(tease) by my cruel classmates.
10．This advertising design has an obvious prejudice against women，so they abandoned it
without delay.
假定你是学生会主席李华，为了让留学生了解中国传统文化，学生会计划举行唐诗吟诵
大赛 Tang Poetry Recitation Contest，特邀请学校国际部学生参加，请你写一则通知，内
容包括：
1.大赛的目的；
2.时间、地点；
3.要求。
完成句子
1．随着越来越多的外国留学生对中国诗歌产生兴趣，本周五下午将在我校举办“唐诗吟诵
比赛”。(with复合结构)
2．我写信是为了邀请你们参加该比赛。(why引导的定语从句)
3．通过参加此次活动，我校的留学生将能汲取中华文明灿烂的智慧，促进他们对中国的热
爱。(by doing...)
4．每位参与者必须在5分钟内背诵一首唐诗。(recite)
5．任何对比赛感兴趣的人都应该在10月5日之前在学校网站上提交申请表，记住不要错过
截止日期。(deadline)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。参考范文
Notice
With more and more foreign students getting interested in Chinese poetry，a “Tang Poetry
Recitation Contest” is to be held in our school this Friday afternoon.The reason why I am writing
is to invite you to enter for the contest.
By taking part in the activity，foreign students in our school will acquire the wisdom of the
glorious Chinese civilization and promote their love of China.Each participant is required to recite
a Tang poem within 5 minutes.Anybody interested in the contest should submit the application
form on the school website before October 5th and do remember not to miss the deadline.
I’d appreciate it if you could accept my invitation.
Best wishes!
Students’ Council
教材语料整合
[情感描写] sorrow n．→sorrowful adj.；mood；blank；sympathy n．
亮词 →sympathetic adj.；grief；complicated；prejudice n．→prejudiced adj.
[动作描写] rhyme；recite；tease；await；utter；correspond；contest；polish
1.These letters obviously helped sow the seeds of love between the two.(比喻)
2.I can see two hands being held.I can see a bird flying in the sky.I can see a field
and I can imagine what it looks like with lots of snow.(排比)
美句
3.As one of the most popular Song Dynasty poets，Su Shi was not only gifted in
poetry，but also made great contributions to other fields such as painting and
calligraphy.(人物描写)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：困惑与迷茫
puzzle v．迷惑；苦苦思索→puzzled adj.困惑的；糊涂的；茫然的→puzzling
adj.使为难的；费解的；令人困惑的；confuse v．混淆，使困惑→confused adj.
单词
困惑的→confusing adj.令人费解的，令人迷惑的→confusion n．困惑；frown
vt.& n．皱眉；scratch v．挠，搔
at a loss 不知所措；困惑；mind goes blank 头脑空白；eyebrows knot together眉
头紧锁；a frown stands on one’s face皱着眉头；scratch one’s head 挠头；
词块 throw sb into total confusion 使某人陷入了完全的困惑之中；say/ask with a
confused look一脸疑惑地说/问；a flood of confusion sweeps over sb困惑袭上某人
的心头
1.With a confused look on his face，he had no idea what to do.他露出困惑的表
句型
情，不知道该做什么。2.When asked to make a speech in public，he scratched his head，having no idea
what to say.当被要求在公开场合发表演讲时，他挠了挠头，不知道该说什么。
3.Eyebrows knotting together，I went into the office to ask what had happened on
earth.我眉头紧锁，走进办公室，去问究竟发生了什么事。
4.Looking at the unfamiliar faces，I felt I was thrown into total confusion.看着这
些陌生的面孔，我感到自己陷入了完全的困惑之中。
语料运用 诗歌比赛
The instant Mr Smith announced a poetry contest would be held next week，I ①signed up
for it without hesitation.However，when I set about preparing for it，②my mind went blank，not
knowing what to write.③With my eyebrows knotting together(with复合结构)，I walked over to
Mr Smith to ask for advice.Learning my confusion，Mr Smith smiled and said，“You should
write whatever comes into your mind.” His words ④threw me into total confusion.“Really？
Just write whatever comes into my mind？” I ⑤asked with a confused look.“Yes，only if you
let your imagination fly freely can you write meaningful content，” explained Mr Smith.When I
heard this，⑥ my confusion seemed to disappea r.I went back to the classroom，settled down and
began my creation.
史密斯先生一宣布下周将举办诗歌比赛，我就毫不犹豫地报名参加了。然而，当我开始
为此做准备时，我的头脑一片空白，不知道该写什么。 我眉头紧锁，走到史密斯先生面前
征求他的建议。 得知我的困惑，史密斯先生笑着说：“你应该想到什么就写什么。” 他的
话使我陷入了完全的困惑之中，“真的？把我脑子里想到的都写下来吗？”我一脸疑惑地问。
“是的，只有让你的想象力自由发挥，你才能写出有意义的内容。”史密斯先生解释道。听
到他的解释，我的困惑似乎消失了。我回到教室，安顿下来，开始了我的创作。
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A★
Poetry Writing Contest
Contest information
Deadline：November 30th
Results：Announced on December 31st
Prizes：Win $1,600 in prize money
Guest judges：Ken Liu，Brian Evenson，and Faylita Hicks
Entry requirements
Your poetry can be laid out as you wish，as we understand that form often relates to the effectof a poem.However，please be sure to stick to a maximum of 3 pages per poem.
Submission guidelines
We accept works，written in English，from anywhere in the world.But we don’t accept
works previously published elsewhere.
Writers over the age of thirteen are welcome to participate.Please note that if you’re aged 13
－16 and your work is selected for publication，we’ll require a signature from a parent or a
guardian.
Please include your name and contact information in your cover letter only and remove any
identifying information from both the submitted work and the file name.
We edit every piece accepted for publication whether your work is selected for publication
through our online blog or in our print magazine.For this cooperative process we’ll pair you with
one of our senior editors.All our editors have been trained to help guide the development of each
piece to reach its fullest potential in keeping with the author’s vision.This doesn’t mean we’ll
take on a wild jumble of words and half-formed thoughts.
Notes
The contest reserves the right to NOT award a winner if the submissions don’t reach a
publishable standard.In this case，the winner won’t be announced.Although this has rarely come
to pass in our six-year publishing history，our top priority must remain with the quality of the
work we publish.
1．What do you have to avoid in order to participate in the contest?
A．Writing a 3-page-long poem.
B．Writing your work in English.
C．Providing your contact information.
D．Submitting your entry after November 30th.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据Contest information部分的“Deadline：November 30th”可知，为
了参加比赛，你必须避免在11月30日之后提交你的作品。故选D。
2．What do we know about the contest?
A．It is held on an annual basis.
B．It is intended for teenagers only.
C．It is open to global poetry lovers.
D．It is aimed at making poetry more popular.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据 Submission guidelines 部分的“We accept works，written in
English，from anywhere in the world.”可知，这个比赛对全球诗歌爱好者开放。故选C。
3．What are you expected to do if your poem is selected for publication?A．Make sure that it is original.
B．Polish it as you’re required to.
C．Go to receive the prize on time.
D．Give your permission to publish it.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据 Submission guidelines 部分的“We edit every piece accepted for
publication whether your work is selected for publication through...For this cooperative process
we’ll pair you with one of our senior editors.All our editors...”可知，如果你的诗被选上出版，
你要按要求对诗歌进行润色，故选B。
B★
Indeed loneliness is now widely recognized as a major public health problem.What is perhaps
less obvious is one answer to the problem：the healing power of poetry to make us feel more
connected to others.
Here things get personal.I first got involved in how poetry can support our emotional well-
being after I wrote a memoir ，Black Rainbow：Hone Words Healed Me—My Journey
Through Depression，in 2014 about how poetry helped me through two serious periods of
depression.Since then，I’ve been running Healing Words poetry sessions for mental health
charities and prisons，and have discovered first-hand the lovely feeling of companionship which
poetry can bring.
Poetry lets us connect with other people who have experienced similar emotions.We’re not
alone in our despair or delight.When we have a poem by our side，whether tucked into a bag or on
a bedside table，it feels like we’re being accompanied by a friend：an authorial arm is wrapped
around our shoulders.
I remember one woman starting to cry as she read Derek Walcott’s poem “Love After
Love” during a workshop held at my local hospital in West London.Fighting through tears，she
eventually said，“I feel understood.” Everyone in the room knew exactly what she meant.
She had ， in Walcott’s phrase ， struggled to “love again the stranger who was
yourself”．The poet’s invitation to “Sit.Feast on your life” was the comfort she needed，in
a language which spoke to her，to imagine loving herself in a way she had always found
hard.Poetry had worked its magic，unlocking a feeling of inner connection，and in turn a
connection to all of us sitting in the workshop.
Given my own experience，I think having a poem to keep us company can help us all feel a
greater sense of belonging.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。作者通过讲述自己的经历，阐述了诗歌可以治疗孤独，提高
你的情感健康。4．What does the author suggest doing to fight against loneliness?
A．Researching the problem.
B．Appreciating poetry.
C．Strengthening dignity.
D．Connecting with others.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段“Indeed loneliness is now widely recognized as a major public
health problem.What is perhaps less obvious is one answer to the problem：the healing power of
poetry to make us feel more connected to others.”可知，作者认为诗歌使人们感觉与他人的联
系更密切，是治愈孤独的一个解决办法。由此推知，作者建议通过欣赏诗歌对抗孤独。故选
B。
5．How does having a poem at hand make you feel according to the author?
A．Socially accepted.
B．Literarily knowledgeable.
C．Financially admired.
D．Emotionally comfortable.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Since then，I’ve been running Healing Words poetry
sessions...and have discovered first-hand the lovely feeling of companionship which poetry can
bring.”和第三段“...When we have a poem by our side，whether tucked into a bag or on a
bedside table，it feels like we’re being accompanied by a friend：an authorial arm is wrapped
around our shoulders.”可推知，作者亲身体会到诗歌所能带来的友爱之情，手头有一首诗歌
就像是有一个朋友陪伴着自己，让我们感觉被社会所接受。故选A。
6．Why did the woman start to cry in the workshop?
A．Because the poem touched her soul.
B．Because she was forced to read the poem.
C．Because she struggled to understand others.
D．Because she failed to work out the poem’s magic.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段的“I remember one woman starting to cry as she read Derek
Walcott’s poem ‘Love After Love’ during a workshop...Fighting through tears ， she
eventually said，‘I feel understood.’ Everyone in the room knew exactly what she meant.”可
知，这位女士在读诗歌的时候哭了起来是因为她感觉到被别人理解。由此可知，这首诗触动
了她的心灵，让她感动。故选A。
7．What does the author mainly want to tell us?A．The healing power of poems cures illnesses.
B．Reading can make us feel independent of others.
C．Poetry can improve our emotional well-being.
D．Connection leads to a great sense of belonging.
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“What is perhaps less obvious is one answer to the
problem：the healing power of poetry to make us feel more connected to others.”和第二段的“I
first got involved in how poetry can support our emotional well-being after I wrote...”以及最后一
段内容“Given my own experience，I think having a poem to keep us company can help us all
feel a greater sense of belonging.”可知，作者通过自己的经历讲述了诗歌可以治愈孤独，提
高情感幸福。故选C。
C
To the Swedes，there are few smells more pleasant than that of surstromming(鲜鱼罐头)．To
most non-Swedes there are probably few smells more disgusting.In determining which scent(气味)
people find pleasant and which they do not，surstromming suggests culture must play a large part.
New research ， however ， suggests that might not be the case.Artin Arshamian ， a
psychologist，began with the expectation that culture would play an important role in determining
pleasant smells.They had noticed from their own previous work that people from different cultures
described smells differently.They also knew from past experiments by other researchers that culture
was important in determining which sorts of faces people found beautiful.Thus，they expected to
see a similar phenomenon with smells.
To study how scent and culture relate，Dr.Arshamian and Dr.Majid presented nine different
groups of people with ten smells.The participants varied widely.They included hunters，farmers，
gardeners ， and city folk.All 235 participants were asked to rank smells according to
pleasantness.The team compared their results to earlier work on New Yorkers who had been
exposed to the same scent.
The researchers noted that pleasantness rankings of the smells were remarkably consistent
regardless of where people came from.Overall，the chemical composition of the smells that the
researchers presented explained 41% of the reactions that participants had.In contrast，cultural
factors accounted for just 6% of the results.Dr.Arshamian and Dr.Majid point out that this is very
different from how visual perception(感知)of faces works—in that case a person’s culture
accounts for 50% of the explanation for which faces they find beautiful.
While culture did not shape perception of smells in the way that it is known to shape
perception of faces，the researchers did find an “eye of the beholder” effect.Randomness，
which the researchers suggest has to be coming from personal preferences learned from outside
individual culture，accounted for 54% of the difference in which smells people liked.The “eye ofthe beholder” effect does not slip off the tongue so easily but it appears to be a real phenomenon
also.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了根据一项新研究，文化可能不会显著影响人
们的气味偏好。
8．Why did the author mention the Swedes in the first paragraph?
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To show Swedes’ favourite scent.
C．To stress the part of culture.
D．To illustrate people’s preference for scent.
答案 A
解析 写作意图题。根据第一段“To the Swedes，there are few smells more pleasant than that
of surstromming( 鲜 鱼 罐 头 ) ． To most non-Swedes there are probably few smells more
disgusting.In determining which scent(气味) people find pleasant and which they do not ，
surstromming suggests culture must play a large part.”可推断，作者通过瑞士人喜爱鲜鱼罐头
的例子，引入文章话题，探讨影响人们对气味的选择的因素。故选A。
9．Which is TRUE according to the results of the study?
A．The team didn’t refer to earlier work on New Yorkers.
B．The subjects in the study came from the same culture.
C．Where people came from didn’t impact the pleasantness rankings of the smells.
D．Cultural factors accounted for 5% on how visual perception(感知) of faces works.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The researchers noted that pleasantness rankings of the
smells were remarkably consistent regardless of where people came from.”可知，人们来自哪里
并不影响气味的愉悦度排名。故选C。
10．What can we learn from the “eye of the beholder” effect?
A．For Swedes，few smells are more pleasant than that of surstromming.
B．People find faces beautiful differently because of their identical cultures.
C．The “eye of the beholder” effect is a mistake different from its original meaning.
D．Personal preferences have nothing to do with people’s preferences for scent.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Randomness，which the researchers suggest has to be
coming from personal preferences learned from outside individual culture，accounted for 54% of
the difference in which smells people liked.The ‘eye of the beholder’ effect does not slip off the
tongue so easily but it appears to be a real phenomenon also.”可知，我们能从“情人眼里出西施”效应中了解到，对瑞典人来说，没有什么气味比鲜鱼罐头的味道更令人愉快了。故选
A。
11．Where is the passage most likely from?
A．A news report.
B．A biology textbook.
C．A diet brochure.
D．A science magazine.
答案 D
解析 文章出处题。根据全文可知，文章主要探讨了影响人们对气味的偏好的因素，从而推
断文章应出自科学杂志。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成) in teams.Talent is believed to be
crucial for building a strong team. 1 Companies spend millions hiring top business people.Is
their money well spent?
2 They focused on football，basketball and baseball.The results are mixed.For football
and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point
where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level，the team’s performance begins to
decline.Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in baseball，where additional individual talent
keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon ， the researchers explored the degree to which a good
performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions. 3 In baseball，
the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates.They conclude that when
task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while
individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is
lower.If a basketball star is，for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take
a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team’s
performance.Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in
TEAM.” 4
Another possibility is that too much talent on a team can lead to decreased motivation and
effort from some players.Just as in a game of tug of war(拔河比赛)，whenever a person is
added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
5 An A-team may require a balance—not just A players，but a few generous B players
as well.
A．It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B．Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.
C．The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.D．Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E．Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F．Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G．This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一支最佳阵容球队比雇用最优秀的人才要复杂得
多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球
员。
1．答案 B
解析 上文说“人们普遍认为人才对于建立一个强大的团队来说至关重要”。下文说“公司
花费数百万雇用顶级商业人士”。该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数
百万美元吸引顶尖人才”与下文构成并列关系，故选B。
2．答案 E
解析 下文说的是顶尖人才加入体育团队中所带来的结果，该空引出下文，E选项“最近的
几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用”切题，故选E。
3．答案 G
解析 上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程
度”，下文对棒球和篮球分别进行了说明，该空承上启下，应是关于棒球、篮球等的团队合
作问题，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球”切题，故选G。
4．答案 D
解析 上文说了一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现，该空承接上文，应是关于体育
比赛中的团队精神，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。
5．答案 F
解析 下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅
量的普通球员”。该空引出下文，应是关于雇用人才上的选择，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容
球队比简单地雇用最优秀的人才要复杂得多”切题，故选F。
