文档内容
Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world ?（人教版）
人与自然： 自然生态&环境保护—不同地区的生态特征与自然景观
敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生
目录 内容
板块一 话题词汇积累
板块二 话题短语句式积累
板块三 话题经典小故事
板块四 话题时文阅读
板块五 话题题型训练
话题词汇积累
名词 16. oxygen 氧气
1. mountain 山脉 17. temperature 温度
2. ocean 海洋 18. species 物种
3. forest 森林 19. resource 资源
4. desert 沙漠 20. ecosystem 生态系统
5. glacier 冰川 21. grassland 草原
6. volcano 火山 22. earthquake 地震
7. valley 山谷 23. snowstorm 暴风雪
8. waterfall 瀑布 24. rainforest 雨林
9. plateau 高原 25. wildlife 野生动物
10. climate 气候 26. environment 环境
11. habitat 栖息地 27. air 空气
12. panda 熊猫 28. soil 土壤
13. elephant 大象 29. trash 垃圾
14. pollution 污染 30. iceberg 冰山
15. energy 能源 动词1. protect 保护 4. natural 自然的
2. climb 攀登 5. huge 巨大的
3. melt 融化 6. wild 野生的
4. pollute 污染 7. clean 干净的
5. survive 生存 8. dry 干燥的
6. explore 探索 9. frozen 冰冻的
7. destroy 破坏 10. endangered 濒危的
8. conserve 保存 11. thick 厚的
9. recycle 回收 12. thin 薄的
10. reduce 减少 13. strong 强壮的
11. reuse 重复使用 14. beautiful 美丽的
12. breathe 呼吸 15. peaceful 宁静的
13. plant 种植 16. important 重要的
14. measure 测量 17. different 不同的
15. erupt 喷发 18. special 特殊的
16. freeze 冻结 19. fresh 新鲜的
17. flood 淹没 20. harmful 有害的
18. waste 浪费 副词
19. clean 清洁 1. carefully 小心地
20. observe 观察 2. slowly 缓慢地
21. hunt 狩猎 3. quickly 快速地
22. feed 喂养 4. safely 安全地
23. grow 生长 5. naturally 自然地
24. disappear 消失 6. seriously 严重地
25. balance 平衡 7. completely 完全地
26. flow 流动 8. suddenly 突然地
27. save 拯救 9. quietly 安静地
28. control 控制 10. properly 适当地
形容词 11. actively 积极地
1. high 高的 12. hard 努力地
2. deep 深的 13. together 一起
3. dangerous 危险的 14. away 离开15. outside 在外面 18. everywhere 到处
16. inside 在里面 19. especially 尤其
17. nearby 附近地 20. actually 实际上
话题短语积累
1. in danger 处于危险中 11. protect...from... 保护...免受...
2. take care of 照顾 12. live in harmony with 与...和谐共处
3. run out of 用完 13. save energy 节约能源
4. cut down 砍伐 14. keep balance 保持平衡
5. pick up 捡起 15. in fact 实际上
6. throw away 扔掉 16. for example 例如
7. turn off 关闭 17. all over the world 全世界
8. look after 照料 18. make a difference 产生影响
9. give up 放弃 19. be covered with 被...覆盖
10. clean up 清理 20. in the wild 在野外
话题句式积累
1. Mount Qomolangma is one of the most dangerous mountains in the world.
珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最危险的山峰之一。
2. It is necessary to protect endangered animals like pandas.
保护像熊猫这样的濒危动物是必要的。
3. Because of pollution, many animals lose their homes.
由于污染，许多动物失去了它们的家园。
4. We should plant more trees to keep the air clean.
我们应该种植更多树木以保持空气清洁。
5. In the past, the forest was thick. But now, many trees are cut down.
过去，森林茂密。但现在，许多树木被砍伐。
6. If we waste water, we will run out of it one day.
如果我们浪费水，总有一天会耗尽它。
7. The temperature of the earth has increased by 1°C in recent years.
近年来，地球温度上升了1摄氏度。8. Without clean air, there would be no healthy life
如果没有清洁的空气，就不会有健康的生活。
9. Let’s work together to save energy and protect our planet!
让我们一起努力节约能源，保护我们的星球！
10. Everyone can make a difference by recycling trash.
每个人都能通过回收垃圾发挥作用。
11. It’s a pity that some people still throw trash into rivers.
遗憾的是，有些人仍然往河里扔垃圾。
12. Only by living in harmony with nature can we have a better future.
只有与自然和谐共生，我们才能拥有更美好的未来
boy picks up trash to help the sea 14岁环保少年12年的海滩情结
At just 14 years old, Ryan Hickman from San Juan Hills High School, US, has made waves
(引起轰动) with a beach clean-up campaign (运动). On April 20, he and many volunteers from
Project 3R, the nonprofit (非营利机构) he created, started a five-week campaign to remove trash (清
除垃圾) from five beaches along the Southern California coast and some in Mexico.
来自美国圣胡安山高中的瑞安·希克曼年仅14岁，他通过一场海滩清理运动引起了轰
动。4月20日，他和他创建的非营利组织3R项目的许多志愿者发起了一场为期五周的活
动，从南加州海岸的五个海滩和墨西哥的一些海滩清除垃圾。
“The trash ends up in the ocean, and animals are eating it,” Hickman told The Orange County
Register. “Picking up a piece of trash may save a turtle’s life.”
希克曼告诉《橘子郡纪事报》：“垃圾最终进入海洋，动物们在吃它。”“捡起一块
垃圾可以救一只乌龟的命。”
Since 2012, he and others who helped him have collected about 2 million bottles and cans
(金属罐) from beaches, lakes and rivers.
自2012年以来，他和其他帮助他的人已经从海滩、湖泊和河流中收集了大约 200万瓶
瓶子和罐头。
Hickman first learned about the impacts (影响) of pollution at the Pacific Marine Mammal
Center (PMMC, 太平洋海洋哺乳动物中心) in Laguna Beach, which has been rescuing sea lions
and seals (海豹) for more than 40 years. Watching the animals improve inspired him to think about
what he could do to help.希克曼在拉古纳海滩的太平洋海洋哺乳动物中心（PMMC）首次了解到污染的影响，
该中心40多年来一直在拯救海狮和海豹。看着动物们的进步激励着他去思考他可以做些什
么来帮助他们。
From a young age, Hickman had developed a love for recycling and had always liked trash
trucks. He put the two interests together and began raising money by collecting recyclables (可回
收物). In 2017, Hickman handed a $10,000 (about 72,000 yuan) check over to the PMMC after
picking up 50,000 pounds of trash and more than 200,000 recyclable bottles.
从希克曼很小的时候就开始喜欢回收，并且一直喜欢垃圾车。他把这两种兴趣结合在
一起，并开始通过收集可回收物品来筹集资金。2017年，希克曼在捡到了5万磅垃圾和20
多万瓶可回收瓶子后，将一张1万美元（约7.2万元）的支票交给了PMMC。
Along with organizing volunteer cleanups, Hickman has also traveled worldwide, speaking to
kids about caring for the planet and oceans. At the Ocean Institute in California, he started a program
where primary school students clean local beaches and then board the institute’s teaching ship to
learn about pollution’s impact.
除了组织志愿者清理工作，希克曼还前往世界各地，向孩子们讲述如何关心地球和海
洋的问题。在加州的海洋研究所，他启动了一个项目，让小学生清洁当地的海滩，然后登
上该研究所的教学船，了解污染的影响。
“It’s fun,” he said. “The people I talk to ... it may inspire them, and they might organize a
cleanup, too.”
“这很有趣，”他说。“和我交谈过的人……这可能会激励他们，他们也可能会组织一场
清理工作。”
文章生词
1. made waves - 引起轰动 11. sea lions and seals - 海狮和海豹
2. beach clean-up campaign - 海滩清理运动 12. recycling - 回收利用
3. nonprofit - 非营利机构 13. trash trucks - 垃圾车
4. remove trash - 清除垃圾 14. raising money - 筹款
5. ends up in - 最终进入 15. handed over - 递交
6. picking up - 捡起 16. volunteer cleanups - 志愿者清理活动
7. collected - 收集 17. worldwide - 世界各地
8. bottles and cans - 瓶子和金属罐 18. caring for - 关心
9. impacts of pollution - 污染的影响 19. primary school students - 小学生
10. rescuing - 拯救 20. teaching ship - 教学船
长难句分析原文句式："On April 20, he and many volunteers from Project 3R, the nonprofit he
created, started a five-week campaign to remove trash from five beaches along the Southern
California coast and some in Mexico."
翻译：4月20日，他和自己创立的非营利机构Project 3R的许多志愿者一起，发起
了一项为期五周的运动，旨在清理南加州海岸沿线的五处海滩和墨西哥的几处海滩上的
垃圾。
句式分析：
主语：he and many volunteers
谓语：started
宾语：a five-week campaign
修饰成分：
from Project 3R：介词短语修饰"volunteers"，说明志愿者的来源。
the nonprofit (he created)：同位语，解释"Project 3R"的性质，同时包含省略关系词的
定语从句（he created）。
to remove trash...：不定式短语作目的状语，说明运动的目标。
along the Southern California coast and some in Mexico ：并列介词短语，修
饰"beaches"，表示地理范围。
原文句式："Watching the animals improve inspired him to think about what he could do
to help."
翻译：看到这些动物逐渐康复，激励他思考自己能为帮助它们做些什么。
主干结构：
主语：Watching the animals improve（动名词短语作主语）
谓语：inspired
宾语：him
宾语补足语：to think about...（不定式短语补充说明"him"的动作）
从句与修饰：what he could do to help：宾语从句（作think about的宾语），包含不
定式目的状语（to help）。
the hometown of the red pine tree——Xiaoxing'an Mountains
红松的故乡—小兴安岭
In the northeast of China, a dense forest grows in the low mountains and hills,
known as the Xiaoxing'an Mountains.
中国东北部地区一片茂密的森林生长在低山丘陵山地中这里被名为小兴安岭。
People call it the hometown of the red pine tree.
人们称这里是红松的故乡。
The Xiaoxing'an Mountains cover a vast area and have a long geological history of about 600
million years.小兴安岭地域辽阔地质年代久远距今已有6亿年左右。
Trilobite and dinosaur fossils have been unearthed in many places.
多处出土三叶虫恐龙化石等。
Archaeological research shows that it was originally an ocean, and formed by sea and land
changes over hundreds of millions of years.
考古研究表明最初这里是一片海洋经亿万年间的海陆变迁形成。
When it comes to the Xiaoxing'an Mountains, we have to mention the red pine tree.
提到小兴安岭就不得不提到红松。
Its pine nuts are edible and can be used to make oil.
它的松子可以食用 榨油。
Its wood is light, soft, delicate and rot-resistant.
木材轻软 细致 耐腐蚀。
However, its economic value is far less than its ecological value.
然而它的经济价值远不及它的生态价值。
Every hectare of the red pine forest can absorb 13 tons of carbon dioxide and emit 9.5 tons of
oxygen every year.
每公顷的红松林每年都可吸收13吨二氧化碳并排放出9.5吨氧气。
It can also fix the soil and prevent soil erosion.
并能够固定土壤使水土不流失。
Wild animals such as black bears, wild boars and squirrels in the forest often eat the pine
nuts.
森林中的黑熊 野猪 松鼠等野生动物常以松子为食。
Squirrels like to store their pine nuts in different places as they prepare for the winter.
松鼠在准备过冬时喜欢将松子存放在不同的地方。
But they have poor memory and often forget where they have put these nuts.
但是它们的记忆力不好常常忘记自己把松子存在了哪里。
These forgotten pine nuts sprout in the spring, helping the red pine tree expand its territory.
这些被遗忘的松子 在春天破土而出这正好帮助红松不断扩张领土。
In addition to the red pine tree, there are many different kinds of trees in the Xiaoxing'an
Mountains.
除了红松小兴安岭还分布着众多品种不同的树木。
Every autumn, these trees display the beautiful colors of nature.每个秋季大自然都会赋予它们斑斓的色彩。
文章生词
dense密集的，浓密的 ecological生态的，生态学
red pine红松 hectare公顷
geological地质的
carbon dioxide二氧化碳
trilobite三叶虫
oxygen氧气
unearthed出土的，挖掘出
erosion侵蚀，腐蚀
archaeological考古学的
boars野猪
originally最初，起初
edible可食用的 squirrels松鼠
rot-resistant抗腐烂的 sprout发芽，萌芽
emit发出，散发 territory领土
长难句分析
Archaeological research shows that this area was originally an ocean, formed through
hundreds of millions of years of changes between sea and land.
中文翻译: “考古研究表明，最初这里是一片海洋，经亿万年间的海陆变迁形成。”
主句结构：
主句：Archaeological research shows（主谓结构）
宾语从句：that this area was originally an ocean（由 that 引导的宾语从句，主系表结构）
修饰成分：
formed through...：过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 "ocean"，相当于非限制性定语从句
which was formed through...
hundreds of millions of years of changes：名词短语作介词 through 的宾语，其中 of
changes 修饰 "years"，between sea and land 修饰 "changes"。
These forgotten pine nuts sprout in the spring, which helps the red pine tree continuously
expand its territory.
中文翻译: 这些被遗忘的松子在春天破土而出，这正好帮助红松不断扩张领土。
主句：These forgotten pine nuts sprout in the spring（主谓结构 + 时间状语）
非限制性定语从句：which helps...（由 which 引导，指代整个主句内容）
从句结构：
helps the red pine tree expand：动词 help 后接宾语（the red pine tree）和省略 to 的不定
式（expand），构成 help + 宾语 + do 结构。时文阅读 01—垃圾换书， 与环保同行
A librarian in Indonesia's Java Island is lending books to children in exchange for trash (垃
圾) they collect in a new way to clean up the environment and get the children to read more.
Each weekday，Raden Roro Hendarti rides her three-wheeler with some books for children in
Muntang village and carries back plastic cups, bags and other trash. The moment she shows up,
children will run to her “Trash Library” and choose their favorite books. They all carry trash bags
and Raden's three-wheeler quickly fills up with them as the books fly out. She's happy the children
are going to spend less time on online games as a result.
“I hope this can help children get into the habit of reading, help them get more knowledge from
young age and mitigate the harm of the online world,”Raden said.” We should also make them
aware of the environment and take care of our trash in order to fight climate change and to save the
earth from trash.”
She collects about 100 kg of trash each week, which is then sorted out by her colleagues（同
事) and sent for recycling. She has a total of 6,000 books to lend and wants to offer the mobile
service to neighboring areas as well. Kevin Alamsyah is an 11-year-old book lover. “I seldom read
before, but now I am always the first one to run to the “library”. I know when there is too much
trash, our environment will become dirty and it's not healthy. That’s why I look for trash to borrow
a book,” he said.
The literacy rate (识字率) for above-15-year-olds in Indonesia is around 96 percent, but a
recent report by the World Bank warned that theCOVID-19 will leave more than 80% of 15-year-
olds reading much less than before. Raden's work is really helpful especially during
theCOVID-19.
1. What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A. The children are too poor to read.
B. The books are given out for nothing.
C. Some parents are also encouraged to read.
D. The “Trash Library" is very popular in Muntang village.
2. What does the underlined word “mitigate” mean in English?
A. Reduce. B. Understand. C. Regret. D. Spread.3.What do Raden and her colleagues do with the trash?
A. Burn it. B. Send it for recycling.
C. Sell it to make money. D. Exchange it for books.
4. Why are Kevin Alamsyah and the literacy rate mentioned?
A. To encourage children to read more.
B. To suggest building more “Trash Libraries”.
C. To point out the influence of the “Trash Library”.
D. To show off children's efforts to look for trash.
5. Which of the following words can best describe Raden?
A. Patient and quiet. B. Friendly and honest.
C. Creative and warm-hearted. D. Humorous and strong-minded.
时文阅读 02—数字孪生技术保护黄河
The Yellow River is known as the mother river of the Chinese people. However,
flood control and disaster forecasts（灾害预报）of the river have always been challenging
for people. Now, scientists can better work on these problems by using the digital twin
technology(数字孪生技术）.
This kind of technology needs to use different kinds of devices (设备）.They are set
up along the river to collect information and send it to the center. Based on the
information, a 3D model of the river is showed on the computer screen. It seems like the
Yellow River has a twin that describes its real conditions.
One of the most important devices is "smart stones". A "smart stone" is a kind of
detector探测) which can send messages to computers. The "smart stones" are put on the
banks of the Yellow River to record and report the movement of the stones on the banks.
If they feel any movement of these stones, they will send an alarm to the center.
In the sky, there are flying drones （无人机). They work to look at the river, its
banks and flood prevention projects. The drones provide researchers with photos and
information. And the researchers use this information to update更新）) the 3D model to
watch the changes in water to avoid disasters.Under the water and in the sky, smart systems are helping to protect the Yellow
River. According to the Ministry of Water Resources, in the future, we can expect to see
an even more complete digital system for the river.
1.Why did scientists create a digital twin of the Yellow River?
A. To study the historical importance of the river.
B. To make people realize the importance of river protection.
C. To improve the ability to control floods and forecast disasters.
D. To show the quick development of the technology in China.
2.What does the underlined word "They" refer to in Paragraph 2?
A. Different devices. B. "Smart stones" C. 3D models. D. Special computers.
3.The "smart stones" are used to____.
A. protect the people playing along the river
B. send pictures of the stones on the banks to the center
C. stop the stones on the banks from moving into the river
D. record and report the movement of the stones on the banks
4.How do flying drones work above the Yellow River?
A. They update the 3D model to avoid disasters.
B. They tell weather changes along the river.
C. They send photos and information to researchers.
D. They control different kinds of detectors on the banks.
5.What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The Yellow River is the symbol of Chinese culture.
B. The digital twin technology protects the Yellow River better.
C. New devices were invented with the help of new technology.
D. Chinese people need to pay attention to the Yellow River.
话题题型训练板块
Thousands of years ago, Shennong, who had an ox head and a human body, lived
in the south of China. Seeing that many local people were badly ill, he decided to search
for medicinal plants. He built ladders（梯子）to climb the high mountains and discovered
many medicinal plants by tasting them in person. 1 .This story has made Shennongjia in Hubei an inviting place for tourists. 2 .
You can enjoy the natural beauty from all four seasons at different altitudes(海拔）.
"When the bottom of the mountain is summer, the top is spring and while the bottom is
autumn, the top is covered with ice," local people say of the special climate（气候）of
Shennongjia.
Shennongjia is also home to more than 5,000 kinds of animals and plants. 3
. For example, the golden monkey, the clouded leopard and the Asian black bear live in
the area.
One interesting and special thing about Shennongjia is the legend（传说) of " wild
man". Some people said that they saw huge footprints or large man-like wild animals.
4 . Some said they were just bears.
5 . On July 17th, 2016, the Shennongjia Forestry District was added to
the World Heritage List（《世界遗产名录》）as a natural site.
A. Many valuable animals live there.
B. Traveling there is an unusual experience.
C. But scientists haven't made sure if it's true.
D. This beautiful place got a valuable title（称号）.
E. To remember him, people named the place Shennongjia.
You must have heard of the legend（传说）of Yu Gong, who tried to move two
mountains. It was said that the Taihang Mountain was one of the two mountains. The
Taihang Mountain passes through the areas of Hebei, Shanxi, Henan and Beijing. It is
about 400 kilometers long. It is one of the largest mountain ranges in North China, and it
was called "the backbone(（脊梁）) of China" in ancient times.
Many legends about the beginning of human civilization（文明）come from the
Taihang area. For example, Nywa used stones to repair the sky to make sure that humans
would have a better future; Houyi protected everyone by shooting the suns.
The Taihang area is not only a place where the ancient stories happened, but also a
place where tens of thousands of fossils (（化石）) were found. These fossils show howthe earth has changed over time. At the same time, we can also learn about how ancient
humans lived from the discoveries around the area.
Nowadays, there are natural forests around the area with beautiful colors in four
seasons. In spring, the trees in the Taihang Mountain grow green leaves. In summer, the
trees grow luxuriant and leaves go deep green. In autumn, the trees are tall and leaves
turn yellow. In winter, the trees are covered with snow, like wearing a thick white coat.
You can go there whenever you want because the scenery(风景) is beautiful all year
round.
If you want to learn different things about history, culture and other important
knowledge, you can come to the Taihang Mountain and feel its greatness.
1.How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage?
A. By mentioning a legend.
B. By asking a question.
C. By giving numbers.
D. By comparing facts.
2.The Taihang Mountain was once called“_____”.
A. the fossil of China B. the fossil of the world
C. the backbone of China D. the backbone of the world
3.What can show how humans lived around the Taihang area in ancient times?
A. Natural forests. B. The fossils.
C. Many legends. D. Huge mountains.
4.What does the passage tell us about the Taihang Mountain?
①Its location. ②Its scenery. ③Its height. ④Its length.
A. ①②③ B. ①③④ C. ②③④ D. ①②④
5.Why does the writer write the passage?
A. To tell people how to take a trip to the Taihang Mountain.
B. To introduce some discoveries around the Taihang area.
C. To show the Taihang Mountain is a wonderful place to visit.
D. To encourage people to learn more about ancient history.Three people from Britain have been named world champion（冠军） litter-pickers.
Sarah parry, Alexander Winship and Jonathan Winship's team won against 20 other
countries in the SpoGomi World Cup, which was held in Japan.
SpoGomi comes from the words "sport"and“gomi”(Japanese for "rubbish"), and it describes
competitive litter-picking. It was invented in Japan to make people realize how much rubbish ends
up in the sea.
The SpoGomi World Cup final on November 22, 2023 saw teams going around the streets of
Tokyo for rubbish. Points were given to the teams by the number and kind of rubbish collected. For
example, PET bottles got 25 points per 100 g and cigarette ends（烟蒂） got 100 points per 100
g.
In the final, teams had 90 minutes to pick up the litter and 40 minutes to sort it into categories
（分类）.The British team mainly picked up heavier things. They came first by about 3, 000 points
and collected57 kg of rubbish—28 kg more than the second-place Japanese team.
Parry told The Times newspaper that her small size meant she was able to pick up litter from
narrow（狭窄的） spaces. "We worked as a team,” she said, explaining that one person carried
the heavier rubbish while the other two kept picking up rubbish and put it into the bag.
1.How many countries took part in the SpoGomi World Cup?
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2.What does the word "gomi" mean in Japanese?
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3.When was the SpoGomi World Cup final held?
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4.How much rubbish did the British team pick up?
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5.What does Parry probably look like?
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Chaka Salt Lake is a salt lake in Qinghai, China. Lying at an altitude of about 3,100 meters, it
covers an area of about 105square kilometers. It is rich in salt, with a heavy salt bed close to the
lake surface(表面)，That makes the lake a main source(来源) of salt in our country. On a clear day,the lake offers the beautiful reflection(映像)of the blue sky. That is why people call it “sky
mirror”.
Because of its wonderful views, people see the lake as one of the “must-go" places in
China.
The beautiful sunrise and sunset views are the most attractive(吸引人的).Every July, large
numbers of visitors begin to crowd into Chaka Salt Lake. And the situation usually lasts until the
end of August. They just don't want to miss the best time to go there. It is believed that with the
summer breeze(微风)，breathing in the salty air is especially good for health .If you want to go on
a trip to the lake, the following tips may be helpful.
◆Do not eat the salt in the lake directly.
◆Wear sunglasses and a hat because of the strong sunshine.
◆You can't stop taking photos, so you'd better take your camera with you.
◆Prepare some medicine for the weak and the elderly to deal with altitude sickness.
When you travel to such a beautiful world of salt with snowy mountains and green grass
around, you will feel like you are in a fairyland.
1.Where is Chaka Salt Lake?_
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2.What's the area of Chaka Salt Lake?_
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3.Why do people see Chaka Salt Lake as one of the "must-go” places in China?
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4.When do many visitors go to visit Chaka Salt Lake?_
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5.Why should people prepare medicine for the weak and the elderly?_
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你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内
容包括：
1. 海洋的重要性；
2. 保护海洋的倡议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 短文的题目和首句已为你写好。Our Oceans, our Responsibility
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day.
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假定你是李华。正在参加由社区举办的日常环境保护英文演讲大赛，请你写一篇演讲
稿，写作要点如下：
1.保护环境的重要性；
2.日常生活保护环境的方法。
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