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Unit 3 A healthy diet
知 识 归 纳
语音 字母组合 ou在单词中发/aʊ/音。例: shout, about, house, mouth, out
四会 healthy健康的 diet饮食 need需要
必记
单词
三会 cola可乐
need rice需要大米 every week每周 have to不得不
a lot of许多;大量 at a time 一次 too heavy太重
get out出去 have a rest休息一下 some meat一些肉
a healthy diet健康的饮食 like eating sweets喜欢吃甜食 drink a little
water
喝一点水
常考
have a lot of rice吃许多米饭 only a little 只有一点儿 a few eggs 几个
短语
鸡蛋
have some porridge喝一些粥 take the big bag拿这个大袋子 steamed buns 馒头;
蒸包子
go to the supermarket 去超市 come with me 跟我来 take a small
bottle
拿一小瓶
drink too much cola喝太多可乐 be good for...对······有好处
1.表达某人吃某物的句型：主语+ eat(s)/ have/ has+某物.
例：(1) They have some vegetables.他们吃一些蔬菜。
(2) He has a lot of rice.他吃了很多米饭。
(3) Yang Ling often has a lot of noodles for breakfast.杨玲早餐经常吃很多面条。
必会
2.询问对方某餐吃什么的句型及其答语：—What do you have for...? —I have...
句型
例: —What do you have for breakfast?你早餐吃什么?
—I have some bread and milk.我吃一些面包,喝一些牛奶。
3.向别人请求吃喝某物的句型: Can I have+某物?
例: Mum, can I have some cola?妈妈,我能喝一些可乐吗?
1.可数名词和不可数名词
2.部分表示数量的词的用法：常见表示数量的词有: a few, a little, some, many, much, a lot
of
核心
语法 3.易错易混辨析：①错用fish后的be动词
②混淆health与healthy的用法
③混淆名词复数形式
考 点 速 记[考点1] 可数名词和不可数名词
Mike likes eating sweets, cakes and ice cream . 迈克喜欢吃糖果、蛋糕和冰淇淋。
He does not like drinking water. 他不喜欢喝水。
一、可数名词：
1.概念：可数名词指的是可以用数目来计算，并且可以分成个体事物的名词。它通常分为个体名词与
集体名词。
2.可数名词变复数的变化规则：★★★
(1)一般情况直接在可数名词后加-s，如：book→ books
(2)以s,x, sh, ch 结尾的可数名词加-es，如：bus→ buses
(3)以“辅音字母 +y” 结尾的可数名词，把y变i加-es，如：family→ families
(4)以f或 fe结尾的可数名词，把f 或 fe变 v,再加-es，如：knife→ knives
(5)部分以o结尾的可数名词，有生命的加-es，无生命的加-s，如：tomato→ tomatoes photo→ photos,
zoo→zoos
(6)不规则变化，如：man→men, child→children, foot→feet
二、不可数名词：
1.概念：不可数名词是不能以数目来计算的名词，分为物质名词和抽象名词。
2.注意：(1)不可数名词不能分成个体。没有单复数之分，前面不用不定冠词 a/an，表达数量用“数词
+量词(普通名词)+ of+不可数名词”的结构。例: a piece of paper
(2)不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
3.特殊:
(1)部分物质名词有时可用复数形式表示类别。例：waters，snows等。
(2)有些抽象名词也常用复数形式表示具体的事物。例: times, difficulties等。
提分练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. I eat a few ________(tomato) every week.
2. We need a lot of ________(fruit) for the party.
3. There ________(be) any vegetables just now.
4. We have some ________(fish) for lunch.5. There isn't ________(much) food in the fridge.
6. I want some ________(bread) for breakfast.
7. We have a few ________(potato) in the basket.
8. There ________(be) a lot of water in the river.
9. Mike has some ________(meat) and some ________(vegetable) for dinner.
提分练 二、单项选择。
( )1. There isn't________ orange juice in the glass.
A. few B. much C. many
( )2. There is ________ water in the bottle.
A. a few B. a little C. many
( )3.—How much ________ do you want? —A little.
A. tomatoes B. boxes C. ice cream
( )4.—How many ________ are there in the basket? —There are six.
A. bread B. mangoes C. meat
( )5.—Do you need ________? —Yes.
A. any rices B. any rice C. some rices
[考点2] 部分表示数量的词的用法
He only drinks a little water every day. 他每天只喝一点点水。
For lunch and dinner, he has a lot of rice, some fish and some meat.午饭和晚饭，他吃很多米饭、一些鱼
和一些肉。
a few、a little、some、many、much、a lot of、lots of这些词都可以放在名词的前面，用来表示
数量。区别如下：
1. a few、many修饰可数名词复数,a few意为“几个”, 修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定，many意为
“许多”。
例：(1)I have a few books.我有几本书。
(2)I have many books.我有很多书。
2. a little、much修饰不可数名词,a little 意为“一点儿”, 修饰不可数名词，表示肯定，much意为
“许多”。
例：(1)I have a little money.我有一点儿钱。
(2)I have much money.我有很多钱。3.既可以修饰可数名词复数又可以修饰不可数
名词的词: some、a lot of、lots of。some 意为“一些”,用于肯定句,或提建议的句子。a lot of =lots
of,意为“许多”。
例：(1) There are some trees.有一些树。
(2) There are a lot of girls.= There are lots of girls.有许多女孩。
4.从量的多少来说：
a little< some< much/a lot of/ lots of+不可数名词a few< some< many/a lot of/ lots of+可数名词复
数
注意: 对可数名词的数量词提问时用 how many,不可数名词则用 how much。
提分练 一、选择合适的词填空。
1. There are a________(few/ little) mangoes in the box.
2. Nancy has ________(some/ many) milk and ________(some/a few) bread for breakfast.
3. We need ________(a lot of/a lot) vegetables for our heath.
4. There are ________(many/ much) tomatoes in the bag.
5. I drink ________(much / many) water because I'm thirsty.
6. There is ________(a little/a few) water in the bottle.
7. There is ________(many/ much) tomato soup on the table.
提分练 二、单项选择。
( )1.—What is in the basket?
—There is ________ meat.
A. much B. many C. a few
( )2. My brother has ________ apples every day.
A. a little B. much C. a few
( )3. Drinking too much cola is bad for you. What about ________ milk?
A. some B. any C. many
( )4. We can eat ________ nice food for dinner.
A. a lot of B. many C. a few
( )5. We ________ eat a lot of ________ .They're bad for us.
A. should; sweet B. shouldn't; sweets C. should; sweets( )6. There is ________ milk in the glass.
A. a few B. a little C. a lot
提分练 三、按要求完成句子。
1. I have a little rice at a time.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ ________ do you have at a time?
2. Mike has some bread for breakfast.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ ________ does Mike ________ for breakfast?
3. Liu Tao has two apples every week.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ apples does Liu Tao have every week?
[考点3] 易错易混辨析
①错用fish后的be动词
【例题】单项选择。
( )The river was dirty.There was a lot of rubbish in the water and the fish ________ dead.
A.was B.were C.is
②混淆health与healthy的用法
【例题】单项选择。
( )Don't eat too much sweet food.It's bad for your ________.
A.healthily B.health C.healthy
③混淆名词复数形式
【例题】单项选择。
( )They have some nice ________.
A.photoes B.potato C.tomatoes
参考答案
[考点1] 可数名词和不可数名词
一、1. tomatoes 2. fruit 3. weren't 4. fish
5. much 6. bread 7. potatoes 8. is9. meat; vegetables
二、1. B 解析： juice 为不可数名词, few 和 many 后面都加可数名词复数，故选B。
2. B 解析： water是不可数名词,要用a little修饰, 故选B。
3. C 解析： how much 后面加不可数名词,故选C。
4. B 解析： how many后面加可数名词复数,故选B。
5. B 解析： rice为不可数名词, 故选 B。
[考点2] 部分表示数量的词的用法
一、1. few 解析： mangoes是可数名词复数, a few修饰可数名词复数，故填 few。
2. some; some 解析： some可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，afew只能修饰可数名词复数，
milk 为不可数名词，bread也为不可数名词。故都填 some。
3. a lot of
4. many 解析： tomatoes为可数名词复数, many 修饰可数名词复数，故填 many。
5. much 解析： water为不可数名词, much 修饰不可数名词，故填 much。
6. a little 解析： water为不可数名词, a little修饰不可数名词, 故填 a little。
7. much 解析： soup为不可数名词, much 修饰
不可数名词，故填 much。
二、1. A 解析： meat为不可数名词, many 和a few后面都加可数名词复数，故选 A。
2. C 解析： apples为可数名词复数, a few后面加可数名词复数，故选C。
3. A 解析： milk为不可数名词, 前用 some, 故选A。
4. A 解析： food在此处为不可数名词, many 和a few后面只能加可数名词复数，故选 A。
5. B
6. B 解析： milk为不可数名词, a little 修饰不可数名词，故选B。
三、1. How much rice 2. How much bread; have 3. How many
[考点3] 易错易混辨析
①错用fish后的be动词
【答案】B解析：本题句意为“这条河太脏了。水里有很多垃圾，鱼也死掉了”。本题中的 fish指的
是河里的鱼，表达的是复数的意思，并不是指鱼肉，因此谓语动词要用were,故选B。
②混淆health与healthy的用法
【答案】B解析：本题句意为“不要吃太多的甜食。这对你的健康不好”。your是形容词性物主代词，后面接名
词。healthily是副词，意为“健康地”;health是名词，意为“健康”;healthy是形容词，意为“健康
的”,故选B。
③混淆名词复数形式
【答案】C
解析：photo、potato及tomato都是可数名词，在some(一些)后都要用其复数形式。potato与tomato的
复数形式都是加-es,mango变为复数时也是同样的方法。但photo变为复数时，并不依照此方法，而是
直接在词尾加-s,故选C。
