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Unit 3 A healthy diet
语法梳理：常见的数量词的用法精讲精练 (含答案)
一、可数名词与不可数名词
名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的词。它有可数名词和不可数名词之分。
1. 可数名词及其复数形式的变化规则
可数名词指的是可以用数目来计算的名词，可以分为个体的人或事物。可数名词有单复数之分，
其复数形式的变化规则为：
(1) 一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s,如:dog—dogs, girl—girls;
(2) 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的,在词尾加-es,如:bus—buses, box—boxes, peach—peaches, brush—brushes;
(3) 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变 y为i,再加-es,如:story—stories, party—parties;
(4) 部分以 o 结尾的,有生命的名词,在词尾加-es,如:mango—mangoes, potato—potatoes, tomato—
tomatoes;无生命的名词,在词尾加-s,如:piano—pianos, radio—radios。
注意：kangaroo虽然是以o结尾，且有生命的名词，但其复数形式是直接在词尾加-s，即kangaroos;
(5) 不规则变化,如:child—children, tooth—teeth, man—men。
2.不可数名词及其使用规则
不可数名词指的是不能以数目来计算的名词。
(1) 不可数名词以物质名词和抽象名词为主,如:rain, bread, juice, paper, hair等,这些物质名词都是不可
数名词；抽象名词，如：work, love, weather等，也是不可数名词。
(2) 不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能直接与不定冠词a/an连用。如果要表示特指，前面可以用定冠
词the。
(3) 不可数名词如果要表示一定的数量,可以借助单位量词,如:a cup of, two bags of。
专题训练
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. There are a few ________(bus) in the parking lot.
2. Eating more ________(fish) is good for our brain.
3. Put your ________(foot) together. You should behave well in public places.
4. He bought two ________(box) of ________(chocolate) for his cousin's graduation (毕业).
5. The cat is helpful. It caught three ________(mouse) last night.6. The dancer only eats a little ________(rice) every meal.
7. Look at those ________(child) playing around the swing.
8. Please add some salt to the ________(tomato soup) with ________(egg) five minutes later.
9.We can see a lot of (people) in the playground.
10.How many (policeman) are there over there?
11.We are in the same (school), but in different (grade).
12.How many (cup) of milk do you have?
13.My brother caught lots of (fish) last weekend. It was great fun.
14.Tim doesn’t have any ________, but he has some ________juice.(mango)
15.There ________(be not) any meat in the fridge now, but there ________(be) some fish in it.
16.Western people often ________(have) cereal, bread, eggs and sausages for breakfast, but Chinese
people ________(do).
17.From then on, they ________(not eat) sweet food any more.
18.Meat and milk ________(make) your body strong.
二、常见的数量词的用法
a few, a little, some, many, much, a lot of, lots of 都可以用来修饰名词,表示量。它们表示的量
不同，所修饰的名词也不同。
a few 几个 后接可数名词复数
a little 一点 后接不可数名词
some 一些 后接可数名词复数/不可数名词
many 许多 后接可数名词复数
much 很多 后接不可数名词
a lot of/lots of 很多 后接可数名词复数/不可数名词
☆ 从量的多少来说:a little
