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2022 年高考英语一轮复习小题多维练(新高考专用版)
04 动词（短语）常考点专练
【练基础】
1. The teaching of Confucius________ ancient Chinese wisdom, influencing Chinese life and thought for centuries
to come.
A. respects B. rescues C. replaces D. represents
2. Happy birthday, Tom! So you have ________ eighteen already and should be more independent.
A. become B. grown C. turned D. passed
3. When rats were unknowingly brought there by the sailors, they quickly ________ the island leading to an
unpredictable damage to the original ecosystem.
A. took over B. held up C. checked out D. broke down
4. With the water in the lake________, farmers have to dig wells to supply their farmland with water.
A. coming out B. going out C. leaving out D. running out
5. What your parents do for you is________ by love, so they expect nothing in return.
A. motivated B. acknowledged C. promoted D. strengthened
6. —Sorry, I have to________ now. It 's time for class.
—OK. it'll call back later.
A. give up B. hang up C. hold up D. break up
7. The police had to________ force to enter the building because the criminal had locked the gate.
A. employ B. empty C. enlarge D. enlighten
8. —Mr. Smith said we had only three days to finish the project.
―Don't worry. We have already________ two thirds of it.
A. given away B. given in C. got through D. got down
9. After the students put up Christmas decorations, the classroom ________ a holiday appearance.
A. made up B. adjusted to C. focused on D. took on
10. In the face of unfair phenomenon, we should not________ from defending social justice.
A. swallow B. swell C. shrink D. stroke
11. Sally has asked for a sick leave, and I have to ________her work for a couple of days.
A. take off B. take over C. take out D. take after12. ________ your symptoms. If they get worse, get medical help right away.
A. Catch sight of B. Make use of C. Take care of D. Keep track of
13. The government intends to ________ a new law about wearing safety belts in cars.
A. bring up B. bring on C. bring in D. bring off
14. Peter loves his daughter, but perhaps he ________ her too much.
A. occupies B. polishes C. prohibits D. shelters
15. The first part of his speech caught my attention, but the rest ________ rather dull.
A. was B. are C. is D. were
16. Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still ______ the traditional customs.
A. pursue B. reject C. observe D. support
17. My teacher stressed again that I should not ______ any important details while retelling the story.
A. bring out B. make out C. let out D. leave out
18. —________ for the glass!
—It's OK. I'm wearing shoes.
A. Look out B. Walk out C. Go out D. Set out
19. Julia is an experienced secretary and you can ________ her whenever you are in trouble.
A. hang on B. count on C. focus on D. spy on
20. She donated everything she to get her new business started only to meet with failure.
A. progressed B. postponed C. possessed D. persuaded
21. As she turned back she ________ the puzzled look on her mother's face.
A. caught B. conducted C. stood D. searched
22. ---I was wondering whether perhaps you could remember the name of the place.
---I’m afraid that________ me for the moment.
A. reminds B. puzzles C. disturbs D. escapes
23. My friend came around for a cup of tea and we________ having a big meal together.
A. put up B. ended up C. took up D. brought up
24. I hope that more student associations will be set up in our school and thus our students will ________ the
opportunities to develop their good virtues and qualities.
A. keep pace with B. take advantage of C. make room for D. give rise to
25. At minus 130℃, a living cell can be ________ for a thousand years.
A. preserved B. protected C. spared D. developed26. The earthquake took away his parents but with a strong will he finally ________.
A. carried out B. pulled through C. got across D. worked out
27. Helen has been unable to concentrate on her lessons recently, which may ________ her poor result in the final
exam.
A. send for B. apply for C. call for D. account for
28. That kind of ice-cream ________like a mixture of banana and strawberry is delicious.
A. tasted B. tastes C. tasting D. being tasted
29. I believe you can ________ your goal in the end if you put your whole heart into it.
A. satisfy B. avoid C. escape D. achieve
30. —Any advice for me?
—You'd better________ the timetable to see when the train leaves.
A. remind B. recommend C. consult D. request
31. Cost ________as follows: food and drink 100 yuan, studying material 150 yuan, accommodation fee 300 yuan.
A. breaks down B. breaks off C. breaks in D. breaks out
32. ---I won first prize in the contest.
---Congratulations! That________ a celebration.
A. calls for B. plans for C. provides for D. answer for
33. A lot of migratory birds fly to the south in winter to ________from cold weather.
A. stay away B. keep away C. get away D. break away
34. I think you should stop for a while and________ on your successes and failures.
A. look B. call C. reflect D. take
35. Shakespeare's writing is still popular today. It has really the test of time.
A. overcame B. stood C. taken D. conducted
36. Always acting in a strange way, Einstein must have to people around to be mad.
A. shown B. imagined C. appeared D. thought
37. — Why did you come so late for work?
— I was for 20 minutes on the way here in the traffic jam.
A. held up B. put up C. taken up D. stayed up
38. My little brother is not old enough to ____________ himself.
A. wear B. put on C. have on D. dress
39. Yoga is often tiring but rewarding, because nothing _________ the feeling you get after finishing a set ofmovements.
A. breaks B. beats C. bonds D. bothers
40. It is reported that the volleyball players of Holland deeply themselves for their bad performance in the
Olympic Games.
A. killed B. blamed C. desired D. rewarded
41. The policeman stop him when he was driving home and ________him of speeding.
A. charged B. accused C. warned D. blamed
42. My chest _______ when I make a deep breath, doctor.
A. harms B. hurts C. wounds D. injures
43. It was foolish of him to ___ his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished.
A. stick to B. keep to C. refer to D. point to
44. A package of measures has been introduced to help the economy and ______ jobs.
A. preview B. preserve C. prevent D. predict
45. After-school activities take up a lot of time, so students have to learn to _________their busy schedules.
A. adopt B. organize C. highlight D. decline
46. Nowadays, we can move around the world and still ____________ the people that we want to remain friends
with.
A. stay in touch with B. make a difference to
C. keep our distance from D. make an impression on
47. When you are ，I will appreciate if you pay in cash.
A. checking out； that B. paying off； it
C. paying out； / D. checking out； it
48. It is amazing to learn that our human beings tend to some knowledge when we are exactly relaxing
ourselves，such as diving，swimming and so on.
A. take up B. take on
C. pick up D. pull through
49. Offered the position of manager, Bob ________, preferring to keep his current job.
A. dismissed B. denied C. declined D. deduced
50. —Have you heard that he was admitted into Beijing University?
—Is that true? I’m glad that his efforts at last _______.
A. worked out B. paid off C. turned out D. paid for参考答案
1. D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孔子的教导代表了中国古代的智慧，影响了未来几个世纪里中国人的
生活和思想。A.respects尊重；B.rescues营救；C.replaces代替；D.represents代表。根据“ influencing
Chinese life and thought for centuries to come.”可知，孔子的教导代表了中国古代的智慧。故选D。
2. C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：生日快乐，汤姆！你已经十八岁了，应该更独立一些。A.become变成；
B.grown成长；C.turned达到……年龄；D.passed通过。根据“Happy birthday, Tom!”可知，此处是指已经十
八岁了。故选C。
3. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当老鼠被水手们不知不觉地带到岛上时，它们很快占领了该岛，导致
了对原始生态系统不可预测的破坏。A.took over占领；B.held up耽搁；C.checked out结账退房；D.broke
down（机器或车辆）出毛病，损坏。根据“leading to an unpredictable damage to the original ecosystem”可知，
老鼠们很快占领了该岛。故选A。
4. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着湖中的水逐渐枯竭，农民们不得不打井来为他们的农田供水。
A.coming out出去；B. going out出去；C. leaving out遗漏；D. running out用光。根据后文中dig wells，可
知此处表示水用光了，run out“用光”，符合句意；逻辑主语lake和run out之间为主动关系，故此处用现
在分词作宾补。故选D项。
5. A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母为你做的一切都是出于爱，所以他们不求任何回报。A. motivated
使产生动机，推动；B. acknowledged承认；C. promoted促进；D. strengthened巩固。根据后文“by love”可
知父母为孩子所做的一些都是由爱促使的，motivate符合语境。故选A。
6. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——很抱歉我要挂电话了，上课时间到了。——好的，一会我再打回
去。A. give up 放弃；B. hang up 挂断电话；C.hold up 坚持住； D. break up 解散。根据回答当中的call
back可知双方是在通电话，所以选择与打电话有关的词语。故选B。
7. A
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：警察不得不使用武力进入这个建筑物，因为那个罪犯锁上了大门。employ
使用，利用；empty把……弄空；enlarge扩大；enlighten启发，教化。根据下文“罪犯锁上了大门”可推断，警察不得不使用武力进入。故选A。
8. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：史密斯说我们只有三天完成这个项目。——不要担心。我们已经完成
了它的三分之二。A.given away泄露；赠送；B.given in屈服； C.got through完成；D.got down下来；使沮
丧。根据前文“Don't worry”可推断，说话人表示不用担心剩下的时间不够，我们已经“完成”了三分之二
的项目，故选C。
9. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生们布置完圣诞装饰品后，教室呈现出节日的面貌。A. made up编
造； B. adjusted to 适应； C. focused on 集中于； D.took on呈现。由语意可知，学生布置圣诞装饰后，教
室自然呈现出节日的面貌。故选D项。
10. C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：面对不公平的现象，我们不应该逃避维护社会正义。A. swallow吞下；
B. swell膨胀，肿胀；C. shrink(尤指因恐惧而)退缩，畏缩，回避；D. stroke划掉。根据“should not”和
“from defending social justice”可知，此处是指我们不应该逃避维护社会正义。在情态动词should后应用动
词原形。故选C。
11. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：莎莉请了病假，这几天我得接替她的工作。A. take off起飞；B. take
over接管；C. take out取出；D. take after与……相像。根据“Sally has asked for a sick leave”可知，此处是
指这几天“我”得接替她的工作。故选B。
12. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：记录你的症状。如果病情恶化，马上就医。A. Catch sight of看见；B.
Make use of利用；C. Take care of照顾；D. Keep track of记录。由后面“严重地话，要就医”可知，此处指
记录（keep track of）症状。故选D项。
13. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：政府打算出台一项关于在汽车上系安全带的新法律。A. bring up抚养；
B. bring on引起；C. bring in采用（新的法律或制度），引入，（政府或组织）推行；D. bring off完成。由
a new law 可知，此处指采用（bring in）新法律。故选C项。
14. D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得爱他的女儿，但也许他庇护她太多了。A. occupies占据；B.
polishes修改；C. prohibits禁止；D. shelters保护。由“Peter loves his daughter”可知，彼得爱他的女儿，可得出他会对女儿保护（shelter）过多。故选D项。
15. A
【解析】考查时态。句意：演讲的第一部分吸引我，但是剩下的部分相当乏味。A. was be动词单数过去式；
B. are be动词复数一般现在时形式；C. is be动词单数一般现在时形式；D. were be动词复数过去式。根据
主句“The first part of his speech caught my attention”可知，句中使用一般过去时时态，but表示转折关系，
从句也应用一般过去时。主语his speech是单数，从句中the rest是指his speech余下的部分，所以be动词
需要用过去时的单数形式。故选A项。
16. C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管在国外生活多年，许多中国人仍然遵守传统习俗。A. pursue追求；
B. reject拒绝；C. observe遵守，奉行（法律、习俗等）；D. support支持。根据句意以及后文the traditional
customs，可知，此处指“遵守传统习俗”。故选C项。
17. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的老师再次强调我在复述故事时不应该遗漏任何重要的细节。
A.bring out出版，生产；B.make out理解；C.let out泄露；D.leave out遗漏。根据“while retelling the story”
可知，此处是指在复述故事时不应该遗漏任何重要的细节。故选D。
18. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——当心玻璃！——没关系。我穿鞋子了。A. Look out当心；B. Walk
out罢工；C. Go out熄灭；D. Set out出发。根据句意可知，此处意为“当心……”，为固定短语look out
for sth.。故选A项。
19. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：朱莉娅是一位经验丰富的秘书，无论什么时候你有麻烦都可以依靠她。
A. hang on坚持；B. count on依靠；C. focus on集中于；D. spy on侦查。根据上文“Julia is an experienced
secretary and you can”可知，朱莉娅经验丰富，所以任何时候都可以依靠，count on符合语境。故选B。
20. C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她为了新事业捐出所拥有的一切，却遭遇失败。A. progressed改进、
进行；B.postponed推迟、延迟；C. possessed 拥有、占有；D. persuaded说服。由语意可知捐献了拥有的东
西，故选C项。
21. A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她转过身去时，她看到了她母亲脸上困惑的表情。A. caught抓住，
看见；B. conducted进行；C. stood站立，忍受；D. searched搜寻。根据下文的“the puzzled look”可知，此处指看到母亲脸上的表情，用catch“看见”符合语境。故选A。
22. D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——我想知道你是否还记得那个地方的名字。——恐怕我一时想不起
来了。A. reminds提醒；想起，remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事；B. puzzles困惑；C. disturbs打扰；D.
escapes逃离，忘记。根据“I was wondering whether perhaps you could remember the name of the place.”可知，
忘记了那个地方的名字。故选D。
23. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的朋友过来喝茶，最后我们一起吃了一顿大餐。A. put up提供；B.
ended up结束；C. took up拿起；D. brought up提出。根据后文“having a big meal together”指最后一起了一
顿大餐，应用end up。故选B。
24. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我希望我们学校能建立更多的学生社团，这样我们的学生就能抓住机
会发展自己的美德和品质。A. keep pace with跟上；B. take advantage of利用；C. make room for给……让出
地方；D. give rise to引起。根据“I hope that more student associations will be set up in our school”可知，学生
利用社团的机会发展自己的美德和品质。故选B。
25. A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在零下130℃，一个活细胞可以保存一千年。A. preserved保存；B.
protected保护；C. spared留出；D. developed发展。结合后文“for a thousand years”指活细胞被保存一千年，
preserve符合语境。故选A。
26. B
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：地震夺走了他的父母，但凭借坚强的意志，他终于渡过了难关。A.carried
out实施；B.pulled through渡过难关；C.got across使......被理解；D.worked out锻炼。根据“with a strong
will”可知，此处是指他渡过了难关。故选B。
27. D
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：海伦最近一直无法专心学习，这可能是她期末考试成绩不佳的原因。
A.send for召唤，派人去叫；B.apply for申请，请求；C.call for 要求；D.account for说明……的原因。which
代指“Helen has been unable to concentrate on her lessons recently”，是“her poor result in the final exam”的原
因。故选D。
28. C
【解析】考查动词正确形式辨析。句意：那种尝起来像香蕉和草莓的混合味道的冰淇淋很好吃。A.tasted（品尝；尝起来是）动词过去式/过去分词；B.tastes（品尝；尝起来是）动词单三形式； C.tasting（品尝；
尝起来是）动词现在分词； D.being tasted（被品尝）动词ing形式的被动式。分析句子主干，主语That
kind of ice-cream，谓语动词 is，形容词 delicious.作表语。可知该空为后置定语修饰名词 ice-cream ，表示
“尝起来是，有着...口感的 ”，taste为系动词，无被动形式。故选C项。
29. D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信你最终可以实现你的目标，如果你全心全意地去做。A. satisfy
满足；B. avoid避免；C. escape逃跑；D. achieve实现。根据空后“your goal”和“if you put your whole heart
into it.”可知，全心全意地去做事情，会实现目标。故选D。
30. C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——能给我些建议吗？——你最好翻阅一下时间表来确定火车离开的
时刻。A.remind提醒； B.recommend推荐； C.consult咨询，查阅； D.request请求，要求。结合语境，此
处指查阅一下时间表来确定火车发车的时间。选项C符合题意，故选C。
31. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：费用明细如下：餐费100元，学习材料150元，住宿费300元。A.
breaks down划分；B. breaks off中断，突然停止；C. breaks in闯入；D. breaks out爆发，突然发生。根据
“food and drink 100 yuan, studying material 150 yuan, accommodation fee 300 yuan.”可知，此处表示将明细划
分。故选A。
32. A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：——我在比赛中得了一等奖。——恭喜你！这需要庆祝。A. calls
for要求，需要；B. plans for为……计划；C. provides for为……提供；D. answer for为……付出代价。根据
句意，“比赛中赢得一等奖”这件事“需要庆祝”。故选A项。
33. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多候鸟在冬天飞到南方去躲避寒冷的天气。A. stay away远离；B.
keep away避开；C. get away逃离，离开；D. break away突然离开，逃脱。根据“fly to the south in winter”
和“cold weather”可知，此处表示在冬天飞到南方去躲避寒冷的天气。故选C。
34. C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为你应该停下来想一想你的成功和失败。A.look 看；B. call 呼叫，
拜访；C. reflect 反射。反省；D. take 拿。根据句意，此处表示停下来反思一下自己的成功和失败。reflect
on 反省，反思，此处符合题意。故选C项。
35. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莎士比亚的作品今天仍然很流行。它确实经受住了时间的考验。A.
overcame克服；B. stood经受；C. taken采取；D. conducted指挥。stand“经受，承受，经得起”符合句意。
故选B项。
36. C
【解析】考查动词。句意：爱因斯坦总是以一种奇怪的方式行事，在周围的人看来他一定似乎是疯了。A.
shown展示；B. imagined想象；C. appeared看起来；D. thought思考。根据“Always acting in a strange
way,”可知，周围的人看爱因斯坦似乎是疯了。故选C。
37. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——你为什么这么晚才来上班?——我在来的路上因为交通堵塞被耽
搁了20分钟。A. held up阻挡；堵塞；B. put up搭建；C. taken up从事；D. stayed up熬夜。根据“on the
way here in the traffic jam.”可知，在路上遇到了交通阻塞。故选A。
38. D
【解析】考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：我弟弟太小而不能自己穿衣服。A. wear穿着，表状态；B. put on
穿上，表动作；C. have on穿着，表状态；D. dress为某人穿衣服，表动作。dress后跟人，dress oneself表
示“给某人自己穿衣服”，而A、B、C项后面应该接“衣服”。故选D项。
39. B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：瑜伽累人但却值得，因为没什么能比得上完成一套动作之后带来的感
觉。A. breaks打破，破裂；B. beats比得上，相媲美；C. bonds与……联络感情；D. bothers麻烦，打搅。
根据Yoga is often tiring but rewarding可知，此处指没什么能比得上完成一套动作之后带来的感觉。故选
B。
40. B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：据报道，荷兰排球运动员们因其奥运会中糟糕的表现而深深自责。A.
killed杀死；B. blamed责备；C. desired渴望；D. rewarded奖励。根据后文“for their bad performance”可知
是因为糟糕表演而自责。blame oneself for“因……自责”。故选B。
41. B
【解析】试题分析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开车回家时，警察拦住了他，指控他超速。A. charged
收费；B. accused控告；C. warned警告；D. blamed责备。根据“him of speeding”可知此处表示“指控”，
accuse sb.of sth表示“指控某人做了某事”，故选B。
42. B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生，我一深呼吸的时候胸口就疼。A.harms伤害;B.hurt 感到疼痛受伤（尤指感情）；C. wounds使……受伤（刀，枪等）；D.injures 使…….受伤（意外受伤）。根据when I
make a deep breath, doctor.可知，一深呼吸的时候胸口就疼。故选B项。
43. C
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：他太愚蠢了，在这么重要的考试中翻看笔记，结果，他得到了惩罚。A
stick to坚持；B keep to 保持；C refer to 参考；D point to 指向。根据got punished，得知他做错了事情。在
重要考试中查阅笔记。故选C。
44. B
【解析】考查动词词辨析。句意：一系列的措施已经被引进来帮助恢复经济并保留工作岗位。A. preview
预习；B. preserve保留；C. prevent阻止；D. predict预测。措施的引进是为了帮助经济，有助于经济发展，
就能保留工作岗位。故选B。
45. D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：课外活动占用了很多时间，所以学生们必须学会拒绝繁忙的日程安排。
A. adopt采用；B. organize组织；C. highlight加强；D. decline拒绝。根据“After-school activities take up a
lot of time”可知，学生要学会拒绝繁忙的日程。故选D。
46. A
【解析】考查动词短语语义辨析。句意：如今，我们可以走遍世界各地，也可以和我们想要保持朋友关系
的人保持联系。A. stay in touch with与……保持联系；B. make a difference to对……有影响；使……有差异；
C. keep our distance from保持距离；D. make an impression on给……留下印象。根据后文宾语the people的
定语从句“that we want to remain friends with”可知，是想和这些人继续做朋友，由此可知，应该保持与这
些人的联系。故选A项。
47. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析和固定句型。句意：当你结账时，如果你付现金，我将不胜感激。I will
appreciate it if如果……我将不胜感激，该句型是固定句型，所以第二空格用it，排除A和C；pay off偿清，
check out结账，根据I will appreciate if you pay in cash可知这里指结账时，支付现金，故选D。
48. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们人类往往在放松自己的时候学习一些知识，比如
潜水、游泳等等。A.take up开始；从事；B.take on承担；呈现；C.pick up扶起；学会；D.pull through(使)
脱离危险； (使)恢复健康。根据some knowledge可知，我们人类往往在放松自己的时候学习一些知识。故
C项正确.
49. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被提供经理职位时，Bob拒绝了，他更愿意保住他现在的工作。A.
dismissed开除，解散；B. denied拒绝，否认；C. declined拒绝，下降；D. deduced推断。deny指拒绝给予
或允许，decline指有礼貌地拒绝，通常是用言辞来表达。分析语境可知此处用decline，故选C。
50. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：—你听说了吗，他已经被北京大学录取了。—真的吗？我很高兴他的
努力终于得到了回报。A. worked out解决；B. paid off 得到回报；C. turned out 最后是；D. paid for 支付。
前文说被大学录取了，所以这里是努力得到了回报。故选B项。
【练能力】
一、完成句子
1. Teachers, meanwhile, can monitor whether students have watched the video and ________ ________ ________
their progress.
与此同时，教师可以监控学生是否观看视频并追踪他们的进展。
2. 他正要去会场，突然想起会议已经延期到下周了。（occur）
He ________ go to the meeting ________ that the meeting had been postponed to the next week.
3. 越来越多的人开始重视经济与环境的均衡发展。(attach)
________ people begin to ________ between economy and environment.
4. Richard在听到这个坏消息后很沮丧，双臂交叉。(have sth. done)
Richard felt upset and ________.
5. 如果没有许可证，你将不被允许进入这栋大楼。(permit)
If you________, you________ this building.
6. 学习了一段时间之后，你应当起来活动活动。
After studying for some time, you ought to get up and________.
7. 看来不可能达成协议了，因为委员会的大多数成员都持反对意见。
________ because the majority of the committee members are against it. (seem)
8. 班主任要求所有学生把教室打扫得整洁又干净。（make）
The headteacher asked all the students to ___________ tidy and clean.
9. 五一劳动节就要来了，我迫不及待地想出去旅游了。
May Day is approaching and I ________ ________ ________ go for a trip.
10. 为了在我生病期间陪伴我，我姐姐请了假。
My sister asked for a leave to ________ ________ ________ during my illness.11. 我首先意识到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩——紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色等。
The first thing I became ________ ________ was all the vivid colors surrounding me—purples, reds, oranges,
yellows, blues and greens.
12. 用更好、更现实的想法取代不好的想法，快乐的情绪就会随之而来。
________ the bad thoughts________ better, and more realistic ones and happier emotions would follow.
13. 50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。
At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to ________ ________
________.
14. ________with this maths problem.
务必请帮我解答这道数学题。
15. 我不但认识她，而且是她最好的朋友。
Not only _______________, but also I am her best friend.
16. 最终，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，形成了我们如今所看到的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合
王国。
Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland ________ ________from the UK, which ________
________the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
17. 稍微了解一下英国历史将有助于你解决这个难题。
________ to know a little bit about British history will help you________ ________ ________.
18. 50岁时，她发现自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。
At age 50, she found herself out of work and ________ at home with only her computer to________ ________
________.
19. 你独自完成这个项目有什么难处吗?
Do you ________ ________ ________ ________ the project by yourself?
20. 很难想象他们在如此短的时间内梦想成真了。
It is hard to imagine that they __________________________within such a short time.
21. I ________all child survivors can someday forget the earthquake nightmare and grow healthily.
我祈祷，这些幸存的孩子们将来能忘记地震的噩梦，能健康地成长。
22. 它的形状像一朵莲花，漂浮在海滨长廊上，四周被水环绕。
Shaped to resemble a lotus flower, it _______ _______ _______ above the waterfront promenade and the water
that surrounds it.
23. 这场运动旨在使人们意识到保护环境的重要性。① The campaign__________________________of the importance of protecting the environment.( aim at +n.)
② The campaign__________________________ of the importance of protecting the environment.(aim at+v.-ing.)
③ The campaign__________________________of the importance of protecting the environment.(aim to do sth.)
④ The campaign__________________________ people aware of the importance of protecting the environment.(被
动语态)
24. 卡森敦促人们认清事实，并且为此做出努力。
Carson __________________________ the facts and do something about the situation.
25. 他们的工作重心由乡村移到了城市。
The centre of gravity of their work has ________the village ________the city.
26. 当时的英语更多的时候以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
It was _________ more ________ German than the English we speak at present.
27. 死伤人数达到40多万 。
The number of people who were killed or __________ ___________ more than 400,000.
28. A footballer ________ _________ _________ taking money for ________ _________ _________ goals so as
to let the team win.
一个足球运动员被指控受贿，故意不进球，好让另一队赢球。
29. 微信使人们与他人保持联系变得更容易了。
WeChat________for people to keep in touch with others.
30. ________you will stay for supper.
我真的希望你能留下来吃晚饭。(do强调句)
31. The dust gets in my eyes and it ________.
灰尘进入我的眼睛, 而且使人呼吸困难。
32. We ________ ________ ________ for Mary for half an hour, but she hasn’t turned up until now.
我们已经等玛丽半个钟头了，但是到现在她仍旧没有来。
33. The heavy rain ________ ________ ________ for us to get there on time.
大雨使我们更难按时到达那里。
34. —Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
—Oh，that’s ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
——你还在想昨天的比赛吗？
——嗯，那是让我感到兴奋的事情。
35. 因为粗心大意，他错误地将糖加入汤中，结果味道却非常好。(due, mistaken, turn)_______, he ________ but ___________ the taste was very good.
36. 学习一结束， 他就开始游历中国。_______ _______ his studies, he _____ ______ in China.
37. 试行的目的就是要让人们熟悉新法规。
The goal of the experiment ________ people familiar with the new laws.
38. 今天世界上使用的 6000 - 7000 种语言中，有一半将在下个世纪逐渐消失。
Half of the 6,000 － 7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely ________________ by the next
century.
39. 听起来好像某人正在敲门。
It _______________someone is knocking at the door.
40. 我的老师尽其所能使他的课生动活泼。
My teacher did what__________his class lively.
二、语法填空
1
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A grape seed that falls into the soil of Xinjiang is very fortunate, as Xinjiang is 41 . (well) suited for growing
grapes than anywhere else. Here, a grape seed can grow to its full potential. 42 . its high altitudes(海拔), long
periods of dry weather and abundant sunshine, Xinjiang produces fruits with extremely high sugar content. Every
fall, a large number of grapes are shipped from Xinjiang to other parts of China, 43 . the rest are made into raisins
for easy storage.
In the vineyards of Moyu, thanks to the hot and dry climate that results from being surrounded by the desert,
huge quantities of large and 44 . (juice) grapes with very thin skins are produced. These grapes bring wealth as
well as their delicious 45 . (sweet) to the locals.
In mid-September, 46 . their Seedless White grapes ripen, local farmers are busy picking grapes 47 .
(transport) to other parts of the country. Bunches of glowing white grapes 48 . (hang) on the vines, waiting to be
picked. If you pick one and put 49 . in your mouth, you will surely never forget the wonderful taste produced by
the 50 . (burn) sun and the desert wind of southern Xinjiang.
2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Through travelling you can enjoy beautiful views and 51 . ( broad ) your horizons. In summer, you’d better
get on a cruise in the city of Chongqing which will take you to the Three Gorges, for those Jiangyou ships are
usually too 52 . ( crowd ). Near Yunyang, at the steep edge of the hills 53 . ( stand ) the famous Zhang Fei Temple54 . ( surround ) by trees. Because smoking 55 . ( forbid ) in the cabins, you have to go to the deck to smoke, 56 .
you can enjoy the beautiful scenery. You can see some fishermen 57 . the distance. First, you will go through the
Qutang Gorge, which narrows to 350 feet. Then you will sail through Wu Gorge and Xiling Gorge. However, 58 .
impresses you most may be the Daning River in WuShang. There is immense 59 . ( mountain ) land on both banks
of Yangtze River with only small areas of flat 60 . ( plain ).
参考答案
一、
1. keep track of
【解析】考查动词短语。表示“追踪”应用动词短语keep track of，此处与can monitor是并列谓语，因此
要用动词原形。故填①keep②track③of。
2. was about to when it occurred to him
【解析】考查固定句式和动词。固定句式be about to do sth...when...“正要做某事...这时...”，描述过去的事情，
时态是一般过去时，由主语为 He可知此处要用was about to；表达“突然想起”应用动词短语 occur to
sb.。故填①was about to②when it occurred to him。
3. An increasing number of attach importance to the balanced development
【解析】考查固定短语a number of。“越来越多的”用于修饰people，people表示复数概念，所以此处用
an increasing number of 表示；设空处位于句首，所以首字母大写，故第一空填An increasing number of。
考查动词短语。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定短语begin to do sth.意为“开始做某事”，所以设空后的
动词attach用动词原形；“重视”用attach importance to 表示；“均衡发展”用the balanced development表
示；故第二空填attach importance to the balanced development。
4. had his arms crossed after hearing the bad news.
【解析】考查时态、动词及短语。表示“使某物……”用 have sth. Done。根据felt可知，时态是一般过去
时，故用had sth. done；表示“双臂交叉”用had his arms crossed；表示“在……之后”用after；表示“听
到”用动词hear。因为after是介词，后接动名词，作宾语，故填hearing；表示“这个坏消息”用短语the
bad news。故填had his arms crossed after hearing the bad news
5. have no permit won’t be permitted to enter
【解析】考查名词、时态和语态。表示“没有”应用have no；表示“许可证”应用名词permit，是可数名
词；由句意可知If从句的时态是一般现在时，从句主语是you，谓语动词使用原形；主句时态是一般将来
时；表示“将不被允许”应用一般将来时的被动语态，即 won’t be permitted to do；表示“进入”应用动词enter。故填①have no permit②won’t be permitted to enter。
6. stretch your legs
【解析】考查动词代词和名词。and 表示并列，前后形式一致，ought to do，所以用动词原形，活动活动就
是伸展一下腿，主语是你，所以是你的腿 your legs。故填stretch your legs。
7. Reaching an agreement seems to be impossible或It seems impossible to reach an agreement
【解析】考查一般现在时、主谓一致和连系动词。动词seem可以作连系动词，后面跟“（to be）+形容
词”作表语，其中to be可以省略；“看来不可能达成协议了”翻译为Reaching an agreement seems to be
impossible或It seems impossible to reach an agreement，其中动名词作主语，谓语动词用动词的第三人称单
数形式或it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故答案为Reaching an agreement seems to be impossible
或It seems impossible to reach an agreement。
8. make the classroom
【解析】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。ask sb.to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，所以空格处应填动词原形；
make+宾语+宾语补足语表示“使……处于某种状态”，所以空格处应填make the classroom。故填make the
classroom。
9. can’t wait to
【解析】考查固定短语。表示“迫不及待地”为can’t wait to do sth.，符合题意。故填can’t；wait；to。
10. keep me company
【解析】考查动词短语。表示“陪伴某人”为keep sb. company，空前的to为不定式，所以填动词原形。
故填keep；me；company。
11. aware of
【解析】考查动词短语。表示“意识到”应用动词短语be/become aware of，由上文I became可知此处要用
aware of。故填①aware②of。
12. Replace with
【解析】考查祈使句，动词短语。表示“用...取代...”应使用动词短语replace...with...，该短语是祈使句的谓
语，所以使用动词原形，句首首字母大写。故填①Replace②with。
13. keep her company
【解析】
考查动词短语。根据汉语句子提示可知，keep sb. company陪伴，不定式to后接动词原形，主语为she，应
用宾格代词her。故填keep her company。
14. Do help me【解析】考查祈使句及助动词强调作用。表示“帮助我”为动宾结构help me，助动词do用于动词前加强
语气，祈使句用动词原形开头，大写句子首字母。故填Do help me。
15. do I know her
【解析】考查倒装句。分析中英文可知，“我认识她”没有翻译，句子主语是I，谓语动词是know，根据
“I am her best friend”中谓语动词用的是一般现在时，故动词know也用一般现在时know，宾语是her。Not
only放句首，其后的句子需进行部分倒装，借用助动词do放置主语I前。故翻译为：do I know her。
16. broke away resulted in
【解析】考查动词短语和时态。由in the 20th century可知主句和定语从句的时态都是一般过去时，描述过
去的事实；表达“脱离”应用动词短语break away from，其过去式是broke away from；表达“形成”应用
动词短语result in，其过去分词是resulted in。故填①broke②away③resulted④in。
17. Getting solve this puzzle
【解析】考查动名词、动词、代词和名词。由谓语动词will help可知此处要用动名词，作主语，表达“了
解”应用动词get to know，get首字母要大写；表达“解决”应用动词solve；表达“这个”应用代词this；
表达“难题”应用名词puzzle。故填①Getting②solve③this④puzzle。
18. stuck keep her company
【解析】考查动词、动词短语和代词。 由found herself out of work可知时态是一般过去时，表达“困在”
应用动词stick，此处是并列谓语，因此要用过去式stuck；表示“陪伴”应用动词短语keep sb. company，
此处表示“陪伴她”，因此是keep her company。故填①stuck②keep③her④company。
19. have any difficulty completing
【解析】考查动词短语和动名词。表示“做某事有困难”可用 have (some) difficulty doing，表示“完成”
可用动词complete，此处用其动名词形式作介词in的宾语，在助动词do后应用动词原形；在疑问句中，
some应改成any。故填①have②any③difficulty④completing。
20. made their dream a reality
【解析】考查一般过去时和复合宾语。该句是复合句，it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语；
从句在描述一个表示过去的客观事实，所以句子用一般过去时；make+宾语+宾语补足语，即make后面是
复合宾语，“梦想成真”翻译为make their dream a reality。故答案为made their dream a reality。
21. pray that
【解析】考查动词和宾语从句。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词pray，由后面的can和grow可知，
句子描述的是目前的情况，应用一般现在时；pray是及物动词，后接宾语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，
应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填pray that。22. appears to float
【解析】考查动词时态和不定式。根据中英文提示以及分析句子成分可知，缺少谓语动词，appear“看起
来”，后接不定式作表语，float“漂浮”，主语 it是第三人称单数，根据句意，用一般现在时，故填
①appears；②to；③float。
23. aims at the awareness aims at making people aware aims to make people aware is aimed at making
【解析】考查固定短语和动词时态。句意：这场运动旨在使人们意识到保护环境的重要性。根据中英文提
示，可知，此处应填：旨在和意识到。可以有四种情况：①根据 aim at +n.这个结构，可知，aim at为固定
短语，意为“旨在”，the awareness意为“意识”，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为the
campaign，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，所以填aims at the awareness；②根据aim at+v.-ing这个结构，
可知，aim at为固定短语，意为“旨在”，make people aware意为“使人们意识到”，位于介词at后面，
需用动名词作宾语，所以填aims at making people aware；③根据aim to do sth.这个结构，可知，aim to do
为固定用法，make people aware意为“使人们意识到”，所以填aim to make people aware；④根据汉语提
示“被动语态”可知，使用被动语态，aim at意为“旨在”，the campaign和aim为被动关系，需用一般现
在时的被动语态，make意为“使”，位于介词 at后面，需用动名词作宾语。故答案是① aims at the
awareness；②aims at making people aware；③aims to make people aware；④is aimed at making。
24. urged people to make themselves aware of
【解析】考查短语和时态。“敦促某人做某事”为urge sb. to do sth.，作句子谓语，结合语境判断为一般过
去时；“让某人自己认清”为make oneself aware of，形容词短语aware of作宾语补足语，make在不定式
符号to后用原形。故填urged people to make themselves aware of
25. shifted from to
【解析】考查现在完成时和动词短语。根据句意可知，此处应填“由……移到……”，应用动词短语shift
from...to...。助动词has后应用过去分词，构成现在完成时。故填①shifted from②to。
26. based on
【解析】考查固定搭配。be based on表示“以……为基础”，故填based on。
27. injured reached
【解析】考查形容词和时态。此处为定语从句，根据句意可知第一空用injured表示“受伤的”，第二空用
reach表示“达到”，根据“were”判断用一般过去时，故第一空填injured，第二空填reached。
28. was; accused of deliberately not scoring
【解析】考查固定搭配，谓语动词时态语态，动名词。分析句子，A footballer作主语，第一二三空为句子
谓语部分“被指控...”应使用be accused of ,一般过去时，单数形式，使用was accused of；第四五六空为介词for的宾语，动词应使用动名词形式，结合汉语意思“故意不进球”，所以应填deliberately not scoring。
故答案①was;②accused③of④deliberately⑤not⑥scoring。
29. makes it easier
【解析】考查固定短语和时态。分析句子结合句意可知，此处应用固定短语 make it easier，it作形式宾语，
代表后移的不定式to keep in touch with others，easier为宾补；句意描述客观事实，时态可用一般现在时，
主语WeChat为单数，所以动词用三单形式makes，故填makes it easier。
30. I do hope
【解析】考查动词时态和强调句。句意：我真的希望你能留下来吃晚饭。根据中英文提示，需要翻译的设
空部分为：我真的希望。I我；hope希望；此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为I，动词使用原形，
对动词hope进行强调，需用助动词do。故填I do hope。
31. makes it hard to breathe
【解析】考查make作使役动词的用法。make +it（形式宾语）+形容词（作宾补）+不定式（作真正宾语）。
根据前面并列句中用了一般现在时，空处需用一般现在时；再结合句意“使人呼吸困难”。故填makes it
hard to breathe。
32. have been waiting
【解析】考查谓语动词时态。分析句子，空缺部分为谓语部分 “已经等了……”，主语we 与谓语动词
wait是主动关系；根据时间状语 for half an hour 可知动作过去开始持续至现在，及下文语境but she hasn’t
turned up until now，谓语动词wait应该使用现在完成进行时。故填①have②been③waiting。
33. made it harder
【解析】考查一般过去时、it作形式宾语和形容词比较级。根据句意可知，此处应填“使更难”。表示
“使”可用动词make，“make+宾语+宾语补足语”可表示“使某人或某物……”。此处用“to get there on
time”作宾语，应用it作形式宾语。表示“更难”应用形容词比较级harder作宾语补足语。此处描述过去的
事，应用一般过去时。故填①made②it③harder。
34. what makes me feel excited
【解析】考查名词性从句和时态。分析句子结构可知，is后是表语从句。系动词feel后加形容词excited作
表语，表示“感到兴奋”，make sb. do“让某人做”，所以make me feel excited“让我感到兴奋”，此结构中
缺主语，表示“事情”，用连接代词what引导，根据主句主语that，可知what表示的是单数含义，根据主
句谓语 is 以及从句句意，可知从句用一般现在时态，故填 ① what；② makes； ③ me；④ feel；
⑤excited。
35. Due to his carelessness was mistaken in putting sugar into the soup/ adding sugar to the soup it turned outthat
【解析】考查due的相关短语，mistaken相关用法，turn的相关短语。分析句子可知，句子为一般过去时。
句子的状语为“因为粗心大意”，but前后的句子缺少谓语动词，且but后句子为主语从句，it作形式主语。
所以相对应的短语为Due to his carelessness，was mistaken in，turned out。再结合句意，故填 (1). Due to his
carelessness (2). was mistaken in putting sugar into the soup/ adding sugar to the soup (3). it turned out that。
36. Upon finishing started travelling
【解析】考查介词。介词upon“一……
就……”；后面要接名词或动名词做宾语。句中动名词复合结构 his finishing his study做upon的宾语。动
词短语start doing sth开始做某事。故填①Upon；②finishing；③started；④travelling。
37. was to make
【解析】考查时态和不定式。句子是叙述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；句子主语是the goal，表示
“目的是……”时，常用不定式作表语；短语 “让人们熟悉新法规” 是“make+宾语+形容词作宾语补足
语”结构，因此“让……”用make的不定式形式作表语。故填 was to make。
38. die out
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：今天世界上使用的 6000 - 7000 种语言中，有一半将在下个世纪逐渐消失。
根据句意可知，空处位于will之后，所以是动词原形，且“消失，灭绝”die out。故填die out。
39. sounds as if
【解析】考查动词时态和表语从句。根据中英文提示，空格处缺少“听起来好像”，表示“听起来”用
sound，表示“好像”用as if，引导表语从句，根据句意用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，故谓语动
词也用第三人称单数，故填sounds as if。
40. he could to make
【解析】考查宾语从句和不定式。分析句子结构可知，what引导宾语从句做did的宾语，再结合汉语提示
“尽其所能”，应翻译为what he could do，根据语法规则what he could do做实意动词did的宾语从句时，
宾语从句中的do要省掉，所以用what he could做did的宾语从句；“使他的课生动活泼”，应译为不定式
做目的状语，即to make his class lively.。故填he could to make。
二、
1
【答案】41. better
42. with
43. and/while44. juicy
45. sweetness
46. when
47. to be transported
48. hang
49. it
50. burning
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新疆的特产——葡萄。
41. 考查副词比较级。句意：因为新疆比其他地方更适合种植葡萄。“than”表明此处用副词比较级形式，
故填better。
42. 考查介词。句意：由于新疆的海拔高，气候干燥，日照充足，新疆出产的水果含糖量极高。此处用
with+名词表示“由于……”，故填with。
43. 考查连词。句意：每年秋天，都有大量的葡萄从新疆运往其他地区，（而）其余的则做成葡萄干，这
样便于存放。根据句意可知此处表示顺承或对比关系，故填and/while。
44. 考查形容词。句意：大量皮薄、大而多汁的葡萄被生产出来。修饰名词grapes用形容词，故填juicy。
45. 考查名词。句意：这些葡萄给当地人带来了财富和甘甜。作动词 bring 的宾语用名词，故填
sweetness。
46. 考查时间状语从句。句意：九月中旬，当无籽白葡萄成熟时，当地农民正忙着采摘将被运往全国各地
的葡萄。根据句意可知此处表示“当……的时候”，故填when。
47. 考查不定式。句意同上，grapes与transport之间是被动关系，而且动作发生在将来，所以用不定式的
被动式作定语，故填to be transported。
48. 考查时态。句意：葡萄藤上挂着一串串晶莹剔透的白葡萄，等待采摘。此处的 hang为不及物动词，不
用被动语态，陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，故填hang。
49. 考查代词。句意：如果你摘一粒放进嘴里，你一定不会忘记在新疆的烈日下和来自沙漠的风中生产出
来的葡萄的甘甜。此处指代“一粒葡萄”，故填it。
50. 考查形容词。句意同上，修饰名词sun用形容词，burning表示“火辣辣的”，故填burning。
2
【答案】51. broaden
52. crowded
53. stands
54. surrounded55. is forbidden
56. where
57. in
58. what
59. mountainous
60. plains
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文向读者介绍了游览三峡的路线以及沿途的景色。
51. 考查动词。句意：通过旅行，你可以欣赏到美丽的景色，开阔视野。分析句子可知，and连接的是
enjoy和broaden两个并列谓语。故填 broaden。
52. 考查形容词。句意：夏天，你最好在重庆坐游轮去三峡，因为江油号船通常都是太拥挤了。分析句子
可知，本句为for引导的原因状语从句。从句的结构为主系表结构。故填crowded。
53. 考查一般现在时。句意：在云阳附近，山峰陡峭的边缘矗立着著名的张飞寺，周围树木环绕。分析句
子可知，本句为一般现在时，且为全部倒装句，本句的主语为the famous Zhang Fei Temple，所以谓语为
stands。故填stands。
54. 考查过去分词。句意：在云阳附近，山峰陡峭的边缘矗立着著名的张飞寺，周围树木环绕。分析句子
可知，the famous Zhang Fei Temple 与 surround 在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词做定语。故填
surrounded。
55. 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：由于船舱内禁止吸烟，您必须到甲板吸烟，在那里您可以欣赏到
美丽的景色。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语smoking 与谓语forbid 为被动。故填is forbidden。
56. 考查关系副词。句意：由于船舱内禁止吸烟，您必须到甲板吸烟，在那里您可以欣赏到美丽的景色。
分析句子可知，the deck为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作地点状语，所以关系副词为 where。故填
where。
57. 考查介词。句意：你可以看到远处的渔民。in the distance “在远处”为固定短语。故填 in。
58. 考查连接代词。句意：然而，给你印象最深的可能是巫山县的大宁河。分析句子可知，本句为主语从
句，在主语从句中，缺少主语，所以用what来充当主语。且符合句意。故填what。
59. 考查形容词。句意：长江两岸山地辽阔，平原面积小。mountainous为形容词来修饰名词land。故填
mountainous。
60. 考查名词。句意：长江两岸山地辽阔，平原面积小。flat为形容词修饰名词plain。长江两岸不止一个
平原，所以应填plain的复数plains。故填plains。
【练真题】1. （2011·安徽卷）As the story________, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.
A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops
2. （2011·安徽卷）If you ________ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the
price.
A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon
3. （2021·天津卷）Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious
relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.
A. judge B. differ C. withdraw D. benefit
4. （2017·天津卷）Before leaving America, she _____ much of her furniture to friends and enjoyed letting them
have the piece they had liked.
A. picked up B. gave away C. put down D. set aside
5. （2017·全国卷）We can't_______buying a new car any longer. The one we've got now just doesn't start in the
morning.
A. put off B. pick up C. count on D. bear on
6. （2015·江苏卷）The university started some new language programs to _________ the country’s Silk Road
Economic Belt.
A. apply to B. cater for
C. appeal to D. hunt for
7. （2015·湖北卷）There is no doubt that this candidate’s advantage _____ his ability to communicate with
foreigners in English.
A. leaves out B. goes against
C. lies in D. makes up
8. （2014·安徽卷）Terry，please _____ your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you.
A. look up from B. look into
C. look back on D. look through
9. （2014·湖北卷）The old rules have to be ______ because they only applied to the circumstances that existed
when they were made a hundred years ago.
A. developed B. established
C. observed D. revised
10. （2014·福建卷）As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can ______concerning music, and takes
every opportunity to improve herself.A. catch sight of B. get hold of
C. take charge of D. make mention of
11. （2014·湖北卷）I’ve been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the
network; I can’t seem to_____.
A. get through B. get off
C. get in D. get along
12. （2009·山东卷）---Do you have enough to ________ all your daily expense?
---Oh, yes, enough and to spare.
A. cover B. spend
C. fill D. offer
13. （2009·天津卷）---- Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class.
---- OK, I’ll call back later.
A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up
14. （2007·浙江卷）Would you please _______ this form for me to see if I’ve filled it in right?
A. take off B. look after
C. give up D. go over
15. （2011·全国卷）William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to________.
A. disappear B. fall
C. fail D. damage
16. （2011·全国卷）I can _______the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with B. put up with
C. turn to D. stick to
17. （2007·四川卷）It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly___my friend.
A. turn out B. bring out
C. call out D. pick out
18. （2013·浙江卷）Bears ________ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last
them through winter sleep.
A. build up B. pack up C. bring up D. take up
19. （2020·江苏卷）There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time.
A. clarify B. justify C. satisfy D. classify
20. （2020·天津卷）We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking.A. understood B. accepted C. compromised D. declined
21. （2020·天津卷）The company is willing to ______________ the new technology if it can be shown to reduce
production costs.
A. look over B. bring in C. put aside D. knock out
22. （2010·安徽卷）— How did you like Nick’s performance last night?
—To be honest, his singing didn’t to me much.
A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur
23. （2018·天津卷）When people want to expand their knowledge, they usually ______ books that offer useful
information.
A. point to B. turn to C. attend to D. belong to
24. （2018·天津卷）It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it’s important to ______ a good map
before you set out.
A. study B. display C. deliver D. publish
25. （2019·江苏卷）A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and
creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
26. （2019·江苏卷）More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A. take up B. clear up C. hold up D. spring up
27. （2019·天津卷）Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t ________ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back
C. make out D. keep off
28. （2010·湖北卷）Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his
time, his house ______ his personality.
A. remember B. strengthens
C. reflects D. shapes
29. （2019·天津卷）You should respect the views of others, and at the same time what you think is right.
A. care for B. look at
C. insist on D. meet with
30. （2016·浙江卷）When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt ________ from the
world.
A. carried away B. broken downC. cut off D. brought up
31. （2008·宁夏卷）he performance nearly three hours, but few people left the theatre early.
A. covered B. reached C. played D. lasted
32. （2007·辽宁卷）Don’t be _______ by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.
A. taken off B. taken out
C. taken away D. taken in
33. （2014·安徽卷）Shakespeare's writing is still popular today. It has really the test of time.
A. failed B. stood C. taken D. conducted
34. （2015·浙江卷）If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to on the sea?
A. float B. drown C. shrink D. split
35. （2011·浙江卷）He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______at a hotel for the night
A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up
36. （2008·安徽卷）Don’t be so discouraged. If you ________such feelings, you will do better next time.
A. carry on B. get back C. break down D. put away
37. （2016·天津卷）Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on
the subject.
A. gave voice to B. kept an eye on
C. turned a deaf ear of D. set foot on
38. （2014·陕西卷）Ralph W. Emerson would always ______ new ideas that occurred to him.
A. set off B. set about C. set up D. set down
39. （2009·湖北卷）Some parents are just too protective.They want to ________ their kids from every kind of
danger，real or imagined.
A. spot B. dismiss
C. distinguish D. shelter
40. （2016·江苏卷）Many businesses started up by college students have thanks to the comfortable climate for
business creation.
A. fallen off B. taken off
C. turned off D. left off
参考答案
1. D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意："随着故事的发展，这个神秘数字的真相渐渐地被发现了。begin“开始；happen“发生”；end“结束”；develop“发展”。由后面题干中的“is slowly discovered”得出该单词应该是一
个延续性的动词，而ABC选项均为非延续性动词。故选D。
2. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你发现你想要买的这辆自行车有瑕疵，但是你仍想买这辆，就让
店员降价。come across 发现，碰到；care about 在乎，关心；look for 寻找；focus upon 集中注意力于。根
据句意可知，发现了瑕疵，但仍旧想买这两自行车，可以请店员降价。故正确答案为A项。
3. C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨利·大卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与
自然的和谐关系。A. judge判断；B. differ不同；C. withdraw抽身，撤退；D. benefit有益于。根据后文
“seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平静的
生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系，所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，withdraw from“离开”。故选C。
4. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在离开美国之前，她把大部分家具都送给了朋友，并乐意让她们挑选
自己喜欢的那件。A.picked up 捡起;B.gave away 赠送;C.put down 放下D.set aside置……于不顾。根据句意，
离开美国之前，她把家具“赠送”给朋友。故选B。
5. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们不能再推迟买新车了。我们现有的这辆今天早晨就打不着火。
A.put off推迟；B. pick up捡起；C. count on指望；D. bear on对……施加压力，使难以承受。根据下文The
one we've got now just doesn't start in the morning 可知，我们现有的这辆车今天早晨就打不着火，所以不能
再“推迟”买新车了。故选A项。
6. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这所大学启动了一些新的语言项目，为国家丝绸之路经济带提供服务。
A .apply to向……申请，适用于……；B .cater for迎合，满足……的需要，为……提供服务；C .appeal to
对……有吸引力，呼吁；D. hunt for 猎取，寻找。根据句意。故选B项。
7. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：毫无疑问，这位候选人的优势在于他能够用英语和外国人交流。A.
leaves out 遗漏，省略；B. goes against 违背，和……作对；C. lies in在于；D. makes up编造，组成，化妆，
和好。根据句意可知，此处用lie in“在于”符合语境，由is可知本句为现在时，主语advantage是第三人称
单数，故谓语动词用三单现形式。故选C项。
8. A【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意：特里，当奶奶跟你讲话的时候，请把你的视线从手机上抬起来看着她。
A. look up from从……向上看; B. look into调查; C. look back on回顾，回忆; D. look through浏览，温习。根
据句意可知，此处用look up from“从……向上看”复合语境，表示对祖母的尊重。故选A。
9. D
【解析】考查动词的辨析及语境理解。句意：老的规则需要被修改因为它们只适合一百年前制定时的状况。
A项表示“培养，发展”；B项表示“建立”；C项表示“观察”；D项正是“修改”之意，because they
only applied to 可知它只适用于以前，不适用于现在，需要修订，故选D。
10. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名草根歌手，她阅读能够找到的关于音乐的一切，并且抓住每
一个提高自己的机会。A.catch sight of 看见；B. Get hold of找到某物以供使用；C.Take charge of控制；
D.make mention of提到。根据takes every opportunity to improve herself.可知，，她阅读能够找到的关于音乐
的一切，并且抓住每一个提高自己的机会。故选B。
11. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一晚上都在打电话给Charles，但是网络肯定有问题，所以我不能接
通。get through表示“渡过，接通（电话）”之意；get off 表示“动身，脱下”；get in 是“取得”之意；
而get along表示“相处”，根据上文“一直打电话”可知，网络有问题接不通点话。故选A。
12. A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——你有足够的钱来支付日常开销吗？——是的，足够还有剩余。
A.cover支付；覆盖；B.spend花费；C.fill充满；装满；D.offer提供。cover在此处意为“支付；够……之
用”。故选A。
13. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：—对不起，我不得不挂断电话了，上课的时间到了。—好的，我晚些
时候再打过来。 A.hang up挂断电话，使…等候；B.break up分解，关系破裂；C .give up放弃；D. hold up
举起，坚持，抢劫。根据句意可知前者表示要上课了，必须挂断电话了。故A正确。
14. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：请您帮我仔细检查一下这张表，看我填得是否正确，好吗? A. take off
起飞；B. look after照顾；C. give up放弃；D. go over仔细检查。根据to see if I’ve filled it in right可知这里
意思是请您帮我仔细检查一下这张表。故选D。
15. C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：William发现读书越来越困难。因为他的视力开始下降了。A. disappear消失；B. fall掉下，落下；摔倒，跌倒；倒塌，崩溃；C. fail vt.& vi.失败，不及格；倒闭，破产；缺乏；衰
退vi.衰退；失败，不及格；破产；不足；D. damage破坏。根据“William found it increasingly difficult to
read,”可知，William的视力开始下降。故C正确。
16. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我可以容忍房间不整齐，但是我讨厌房间不干净。A. put up with容忍，
忍受；B. come up with想出(办法)；C. turn to转向，求助于；D. stick to坚持。 根据题干中转折连词but可
知，前一句的意思应与后一句的hate“讨厌”之意相反，即“不讨厌”，所以put up with“忍受，容忍”之
意与语境相符。故选A。
17. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：电影院里太黑了，我几乎不能认出我的朋友。pick out 意为“认出，
选出”。根据所提供的情景“It was so dark in the cinema”可判断出由于电影院里很黑，很难认出朋友。turn
out意为“发生，结果是”；bring out意为“使显示,出版,生产,说出”；call out意为“出动,唤起,大声叫
唤”。故选D。
18. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：黑熊在夏天储存脂肪，秋天有足够的能量去维持他们的冬眠。A. build
up积聚，加强，增多；B. pack up收拾行李；C. bring up抚养，呕吐；D. take up开始从事，占（时间，空
间）。黑熊为了过冬要增加自己的脂肪，故选A。
19. D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。A.
clarify澄清；B. justify证明；C. satisfy 满足；D. classify分类。根据空后garbage可知，此处指“对垃圾进
行分类”。故选D。
20. D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A. understood
理解；B. accepted接受；C. compromised妥协；D. declined谢绝。根据“saying that she felt like walking”可
知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。
21. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果能够证明新技术能降低生产成本，公司愿意引进。A. look over检
查，察看；B. bring in引进；C. put aside把……放在一边，暂不考虑；D. knock out击倒，打破。根据“if it
can be shown to reduce production costs.”可知，此处指公司引进新技术，故选B。
22. A【解析】考查固定短语。句意：——你觉得Nick昨晚的表演怎么样？——说实话，他的歌唱不怎么吸引我。
A. appeal(to)吸引；B. belong(to)属于；C. refer(to)提到，参考；D. occur(to)发生。分析句意可知，这里讲话
者在对Nick的表现作评价，appeal to意为“吸引……”，符合句意。故选A项。
23. B
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当人们想要扩展他们的知识时，他们通常求助于提供有用信息的
书籍。A. point to指向；B. turn to求助于；C. attend to照顾；D. belong to属于。由“When people want to
expand their knowledge, offer useful information.”可知，turn to“求助于”符合句意。故选B项。
24. A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在一个陌生的城市开车时很容易迷路，所以在出发前仔细看一张
好地图是很重要的。A. study 细看；B. display展示；C. deliver 投递；D. publish出版。由“It’s easy to get
lost when you drive in a new city，before you set out”可知，study“细看”符合句意。故选A项。
25. B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。A.
resembling像；B. reflecting反映；C. reviewing回顾；D. restoring恢复。故选B符合语境。
26. D
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：为了满足对清洁能源的需求，更多的风力发电站将会被建立起来。A. take
up开始从事，占领，开始干（工作）；B. clear up整理，收拾，解决（问题）；C. hold up（论点、理论
等）站得住脚，阻挡，举起；D. spring up出现，涌现。故选D。
27. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。A. set
aside存储，留出；B. take back收回，拿回；C. make out辨认出，理解，了解；D. keep off（使）避开。根
据but可推知，凯特应该是听不清。故选C。
28. C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像一个人穿的衣服、吃的食物以及与之共度时光的朋友一样，他的
房子反映了他的个性。A. remember记得；B. strengthens加强；C. reflects反映，折射；D. shapes使成形。
故选C。
29. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你应该尊重别人的观点，同时坚持你认为正确的事情。A. care for关
心，照顾；B. look at看；C. insist on坚持；D. meet with符合，偶然遇见。故C选项正确。
30. C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当孩子远离他们生活的时候，这些老人感觉和世界隔绝了。carry away
带走，夺走；break down崩溃，破坏，抛锚，分解；cut off切断；bring up养育，培养。根据语境，表示切
断与世界的联系，故选C。
31. D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：表演持续了3小时，但几乎没有人过早地离开剧院。A. covered覆盖；
B. reached到达；C. played演奏；D .lasted持续。根据“but few people left the theatre early”可知，表演持续
了3小时。故选D项。
32. D
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不要被那些承诺能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。take in 意为“欺
骗”,表示“不要受许诺很快减肥的产品的欺骗”。take off意为“拿掉,取消,脱衣”；take out意为“拿出,
取出,去掉,出发”；take away意为“取走”。根据题意，故选D。
33. B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莎士比亚的作品现在还流行，它真的已经经受了时间的考验。A.fail
失败，不能;B. stand站，忍受，承受;C. take带走，花费;D conduct组织，安排实施，执行。根据
“Shakespeare's writing is still popular today.”可知，它真的已经经受了时间的考验。故选B。
34. A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：既然铁重于水，为什么船可以浮在水面上。A. float意为漂浮， B.
drown 意为淹死， C. shrink 意为收缩， D. split意为洒出。根据句意“既然铁重于水，为什么船可以浮在
水面上。”可知，float符合句意。故选A项。
35. D
【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。句意：他决定开车回家而不是在旅店过夜。put down意为 “写下，镇
压”； put off意为“推迟”； put on意为“穿上”， put up意为“供给„„住宿”，由上文的“开车回
家”可推断，不在旅馆过夜。故选D。
36. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要气馁。如果你放弃这种情绪，你下次会做得更好。carry on继续；
get back返回(取回,收回)；break down破坏；损坏；put away在此处的意思是“打消，放弃，抛弃”。 根
据“Don’t be so discouraged.”说明，如果放弃了沮丧的情绪，就会做的更好。故选D。
37. A
【解析】试题分析：句意：玛丽在讨论的前一部分是沉默的，但是最后她说出自己对这个话题的观点。A.
将……说出，透露，表明；B.注意，照看；C.对......充耳不闻；D.踏上。根据语境，故选A。38. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Ralph W. Emerson总是愿意写下他突然想起的新主意。A. set off出发,
动身使爆炸, 点燃, 发射使(某人)开始做, 使发火; 触发；B. set about 开始, 着手 [口]攻击散布(谣言)；C. set
up竖起; 建起安装设立, 开办资助(某人), 扶持(某人)建立事业；D. set down 放下, 搁下让(乘客)下车; 把(东西)
卸下车记下, 登记。根据句意可知，这里指写下突然想起的新主意。故选D。
39. D
【解析】考查动词辨析。spot目击；dismiss开除；distinguish区分；shelter庇护。句意：有的父母太过于
溺爱孩子。他们想保护孩子免受任何形式的危险，无论是真实的危险，还是虚构的危险。词组：shelter sb.
from sth. “保护/遮蔽某人不受某事的危害”。故D选项正确。
40. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多由大学生创办的企业都得益于舒适的商业气候。.短语fall off跌落，
下降；take off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断；根据句意可知B正确。
