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专题 13 阅读理解：推理判断题
备考 2023 年高考英语二轮复习讲练测--测
（解析版）
考试时间：60分钟
Passage 1 (2022届东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟)
Take a good look at the American burying beetle(甲虫)Once found in 35 states, the insect is assessed by the
International Union for Conservation of Nature as critically endangered. Like the tiger, the American burying beetle has
orange and black stripes(条纹); like the tiger, the beetle is declining in number. The tiger is an instantly recognizable
symbol of species preservation, but most people aren’t familiar with the beetle.This difference is an example of the domination of the so-called celebrity species—the fascinating creatures that
nonprofits and government agencies use to raise public interest in conservation. Most nonprofit funds for animal
protection go to species such as apes, elephants, big cats, rhinoceroses, and giant pandas. Tigers are often rated the most
popular animal—and India, home to the majority of these big cats, spent more than 49 million on tiger conservation
alone in 2019. Meanwhile, many lesser known species of fish, reptiles, amphibians, and birds weaken in namelessness.
Worldwide, more than 35, 500 plant and animal species are on the edge of disappearing forever.
This leaves us with a tough situation. Conservation is underfunded, so how do we decide which species to save?
One potential solution, the debatable idea of conservation triage(检伤分类), holds that experts need to quickly
decide which species can be saved while realizing that others can’t be saved. Conservationists have developed
analytical tools to approach the question in a less emotional, more practical way. Fish and Wildlife Service now uses
this knapsack (背包)method—inspired by a hiker’s need to fit the most valuable items into a small space—to get the
“most bang for their buck” in saving species. The method calculates the most efficient conservation strategies using
factors such as costs to recover a species and its likelihood of going extinct.
8．What does the first paragraph serve to the whole passage?
A．To propose a definition B．To introduce the topic
C．To reach a conclusion D．To present an argument
9．What is the author’s attitude to the lesser known species?
A．Concerned. B．Unclear.
C．OptimisticD．Indifferent.
10．What does the underlined part in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Damage to the environment. B．Hard work for a goal.
C．Best value for money. D．Most fun from the hike.
11．What will the author probably talk about in the following paragraph?
A．Causes of some animals’ endangerment.
B．Other methods of deciding which species to save.
C．The authorities’ role in reasonable use of funds.
D．An appeal to save the American burying beetle.
【答案】8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国际自然保护联盟在美国35个州发现了一种昆虫，并将其列为
极度濒危物种，并针对如何拯救这些濒危物种进行讨论。8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“The tiger is an instantly recognizable symbol of species preservation,
but most people aren’t familiar with the beetle.(老虎是人们一眼就能认出的物种保护的象征，但大多数人对这种
甲虫并不熟悉。)”结合本段可知，本段主要是在介绍一种最新发现的濒危动物——甲虫，所以本段是为了引出
本文话题。故选B项。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后两句“Meanwhile, many lesser known species of fish, reptiles, amphibians,
and birds weaken in namelessness. Worldwide, more than 35, 500 plant and animal species are on the edge of
disappearing forever.(与此同时，许多不太为人所知的鱼类、爬行动物、两栖动物和鸟类也因无法命名而变得脆
弱。在世界范围内，超过35500种动植物物种正处于永远消失的边缘。)”可推知，作者对于那些不太为人所知
的动物是很关心和担忧的。故选A项。
10．词句猜测题。根据划线处前文“inspired by a hiker’s need to fit the most valuable items into a small space (灵
感来自于一个徒步旅行者需要把最有价值的东西放进一个小空间)”可推知，划线处的意思大致为要把价值最大
化，最大效益，而C项“Best value for money.(物有所值，价值最大化)”与之意思相近。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的“Conservation is underfunded, so how do we decide which species to
save? (保护资金不足，那么我们如何决定拯救哪些物种呢?)”和最后一段第一句的“One potential solution……
(一种可能的解决方案……)”可推知，文章接下来会继续介绍其他的决定拯救哪些物种的方法。故选B项。
Passage 2 ( 2023届江西省南昌市高三零模英语试题 )
Tina Leverton was 62 when she bought her first pair of ballet shoes. She said putting her feet into the soft
leather was very emotional. She said: “I’ve waited a long time for it.”
A few days later, Leverton took her first ballet class after seeing an advertisement in a newspaper. It showed
older women dancing in a class near Leverton’s house. “As I came in the door, I found a big smile on my face. From
the minute I started, I felt like coming home.”
Leverton had longed to dance as a child. Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were first-generation
Indian immigrants, struggling to make a living in the UK. Her father was a train driver on the underground in London
and her mother held two cleaning jobs. Nonetheless, she harboured her dream of being a ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员).
At her present age, a grand plie-lowering to the floor with bent knees-seemed to be out of the question. It took
her three months to master the move: leaping and landing on one foot. ”I love the struggle and the challenge of learning
something new. People in their 60s have a lot of self-limiting beliefs: ‘I can’t do it,’ ‘I’m not good enough.’ And maybe
they’re not good enough. But it doesn’t matter,” she said.Ballet has been transformative. At a medical appointment a few months after Leverton’s first class, a nurse
measured her at 163cm, half an inch taller than she had thought. She attributes (归因) the difference to improved
posture. Her muscle tone has improved and her lower back pain has stopped. Dancing has also brought new friends.
She met a group of older, more independent women and worked together towards a team award with the Royal
Academy of Dance. And then, of course, there is the joyful feeling. “Ballet is all the therapy (治疗) I’ll ever need,” said
Leverton.
4．How did Leverton feel after taking her dance lesson?
A．Tired. B．Confused.C．Shocked. D．Thrilled.
5．Why didn’t Leverton learn to dance she was young?
A．Her family was badly off. B．She wasn’t able to leap high.
C．Her family laughed at her dream. D．She had to focus on classes.
6．What did dancing bring to Leverton?
A．A team award. B．Money and fame.
C．Friendship and joy. D．A medical treatment.
7．What can we learn from Leverton’s story?
A．Hard work pays off.B．Never too old to pursue dreams.
C．Interest is the key to success. D．Money isn’t everything.
【答案】4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蒂娜·莱弗顿因为年少时家里比较贫穷，所以无法实现她的舞蹈梦。
62岁时她开始学习芭蕾舞，虽然遇到了一些困难，但是她坚持了下来，而且芭蕾舞给她带来了很多的变化。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句话“As I came in the door, I found a big smile on my face. From the minute I
started, I felt like coming home.(当我进门时，我发现脸上露出了笑容。从我开始的那一刻起，我就感觉像回家
了)”可推知，莱弗顿上第一节芭蕾舞课时感觉很兴奋。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句话“Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were first-
generation Indian immigrants, struggling to making a living in the UK. Her father was a train driver on the underground
in London and her mother held two cleaning jobs. (可悲的是，她的父母负担不起芭蕾舞课，因为他们是第一代印
度移民，在英国艰难谋生。她的父亲是伦敦地铁的火车司机，母亲做过两份清洁工作)”可知，莱弗顿小时候家
境贫寒，父母的收入也不高，所以导致她小时候不能学跳舞。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段第五句话“Dancing has also brought new friends. (跳舞也带来了新朋友)”以及倒
数第二句话“And then, of course, there is the joyful feeling.(当然，还有快乐的感觉)”可知，芭蕾舞给莱弗顿带来
了很多的朋友和乐趣。故选C。7．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，62岁时莱弗顿开始学习跳芭蕾舞，虽然遇到了一些困难，但是她坚持了
下来，而且芭蕾舞给她带来了很多的变化。她交了很多新朋友，而且从种获得了很多的乐趣。由此可推知，我
们可以从莱弗顿的故事中学到“追求梦想永远不会太老”的道理。故选B。
Passage 3 (2023届粤湘鄂名校联盟高三上学期第一次联考英语试题)
It is lunchtime. At a long table inside a restaurant, some young people sit together over lunch. There is less
conversation than you might expect from a typical group of friends: a boy seems to talk only to himself, and a girl looks
anxious.
These young people met through a program organized by the nonprofit Actionplay, where young people with autism
work together to write and stage a musical. Each Sunday, they work and have lunch together. “You meet other people
just like you,” says Lexi Spindel. “That was the first time my daughter had a friend,” says Lexi’s father. “That never
happened before Actionplay.”
For decades, scientists have supposed people with autism don’t have or need friends. A new research is forcing a
rethink of those long-held beliefs. Autistic people report they want friends. One significant barrier to friendships is
common people’s opinion that autistic people are not interested in connecting with them. Appearing uninterested,
however, is not always the same as being uninterested. An autistic child looking uninterested in games may in fact be
overcome by the noise. And behaviors like clapping hands repeatedly are a way to manage their anxiety and
uncertainty, not a sign of their low social interest.
For some autistic people, friendships develop through experimental programs. In a program Lerner developed,
participants play a game called Gibberish. where teenagers must interpret each other’s intentions without using real
language. The point is not to get it right. but to attend to what the other person is doing in a way that creates
opportunities to connect.
Lerner’s ideas were inspired by a moment 16 years ago after he established a small camp for children with
autism called Spotlight. On the second day an l1-year-old boy ran up and pulled his clothes. “Lerner, Lerner, where did
you find these kids?”
“All over the place,” Lerner answered. “Everyone wants to come to camp, just like you.”
“This is the first normal group of kids I have never met.” the boy said.
12．The scene in paragraph 1 is described to ________.
A．reveal the lack of an interpersonal conversation
B．prove the difficulty in reducing teenage anxiety
C．stress the great necessity of forming friendships
D．show the different behavior of a particular group13．What is Actionplay aimed at?
A．Curing young people of autism. B．Developing autistic people’s taste in art.
C．Offering autistic people a social platform. D．Improving young people’s family relationship.
14．What can we infer from paragraph 3?
A．Autistic people have no intention to make friends.
B．Noise sets barriers to autistic people’s views on games.
C．Repetitive movements make autistic people feel secure.
D．Common beliefs cause autistic people’s low social interest.
15．What does the underlined sentence imply?
A．He feels at ease with his autistic fellows.
B．He no longer regards himself as an autistic kid.
C．Lerner’s guidance helps him get out of autism.
D．Autistic kids don’t long to socialize with normal ones.
【答案】12．D 13．C 14．C 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了非营利组织Actionplay为自闭症患者提供一个社交平台，来让他们
彼此发展友谊。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“It is lunchtime. At a long table inside a restaurant, some young people sit together
over lunch. There is less conversation than you might expect from a typical group of friends: a boy seems to talk only to
himself, and a girl looks anxious.(午餐时间。餐厅里的一张长桌上，一群年轻人坐在一起吃午饭。在一群典型的
朋友中，谈话可能比你想象的要少：男孩似乎只跟自己说话，女孩看起来焦虑不安)”可推知，第1段中的场景
被描述是为了展示一个特定群体的不同行为。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段中“These young people met through a program organized by the nonprofit
Actionplay, where young people with autism work together to write and stage a musical.(这些年轻人是通过非营利组
织Actionplay组织的一个项目认识的，在这个项目中，患有自闭症的年轻人一起创作和上演音乐剧)”以及第四
段中“For some autistic people, friendships develop through experimental programs. (对一些自闭症患者来说，友谊
是通过实验项目发展起来的)”可知，Actionplay的目标是为自闭症患者提供一个社交平台。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段中“And behaviors like clapping hands repeatedly are a way to manage their anxiety
and uncertainty, not a sign of their low social interest. (而像反复拍手这样的行为是一种控制他们的焦虑和不确定性
的方式，而不是他们社交兴趣低的标志)”可推知，重复的动作让自闭症患者有安全感。故选C。15．句意猜测题。根据倒数第三段中“Lerner’s ideas were inspired by a moment 16 years ago after he established a
small camp for children with autism called Spotlight.( Lerner的想法是受到16年前一个时刻的启发，当时他为自
闭症儿童建立了一个名为“聚焦”的小营地)”以及倒数第二段中“Everyone wants to come to camp, just like you.
(每个人都想来露营，就像你一样)”可知，营地里都是自闭症儿童，所以小男孩问Lerner在哪里找到这些孩子
的，是因为他和这些自闭症伙伴在一起很自在，故画线句表明“他和他的自闭症伙伴在一起很自在”。故选
A。
Passage 4 (2023届浙江省杭州第二中学新高三上学期适应性测试英语试题)
Although it is a business not many are aware of, sidewalk robots are set to become an industry with annual sales
of $Ibn within a decade, reckons IDTechEx, a British firm of analysts. These four-or six-wheeled autonomous
machines, usually the size of a suitcase, are already delivering groceries and other goods in America, China and Europe.
That puts them ahead of many driverless cars, vans and lorries being developed. Those bigger vehicles are held
back not by technology but regulation, says Zehao Li of IDTechEx. So having a "safety driver" on board ready to take
over if there is a problem, which is hardly labor-saving.
For these larger contraptions regulators want to see safety systems thoroughly proved. But there are legal
hurdles, too. In January Britain's Law Commission, which reviews legislation, recommended that it should not be the
person in the driver's seat who faces prosecution if a vehicle in autonomous mode crashes, but the manufacturer or body
that sought approval for its use.
Meanwhile, sidewalk robots are getting on with the job. Among them, Starship Technologies, based in San
Francisco, reckons it has already clocked up more than 2.5m deliveries with bots in a number of cities, university
campuses and business parks in Europe and America. Amazon is carrying out trials with a similar sort of machine it
calls Scout. Kiwibot, a Colombian startup, is making sidewalk deliveries in Califomia.
Typically, these robots carry a few bags of groceries using a variety of sensors, including cameras, radar and
GPS to navigate and avoid obstacles and people. Their progress can be monitored on a phone app, which also unlocks
them for goods to be retrieved. As they are small. move slowly(Starship's bots might reach a heady 6kph) and are
"telemonitored" by people in a control room who can take over, authorities seem more willing to give them a green
light.
Such robots are also becoming more autonomous. In January Serve Robotics, another San Franciscan firm
whose backers include Uber, a ride-hailing giant, said it had deployed a new sidewalk bot with "level 4"autonomy,
which means it can operate without telemonitoring in some predesignated areas.Robotic versions which operate on roads but have no driver's cab are also appearing. Nuro, a Silicon Valley
firm, makes one about the size of a small car that can carry 24 bags of groceries. It has chilled and heated compartments
for food and drinks. Further along the road in earning their keep, these delivery bots are helping to pave the way for the
time when bigger autonomous vehicles can join them.
8．What can we learn from paragraph one?
A．Sidewalk robots are portable like a suitcase.
B．In the past decade, Ibn dollars have been invested into industry.
C．The delivery industries of the US, China and Europe are dependent on sidewalk robots.
D．The industry of sidewalk robot is expanding unknowingly.
9．According to the passage, who should be responsible for automatic driving car accidents?
A．Safety drivers seated in the driver's seat.
B．Every passenger except the driver.
C．Organizations supportive of autonomous mode.
D．Manufacturers and bodies seeking approval for using safety drivers.
10．What does the underlined phrase in paragraph four mean?
A．reached B．designed
C．bought D．invented
11．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Amazon is using Scout to deliver groceries for people.
B．If groceries are wrongly delivered, robots can take them back.
C．Some robots may deliver groceries with no one telemonitoring them.
D．Both cold and hot food can be preserved inside a sidewalk robot developed by Nuro.
【答案】8．D 9．C 10．A 11．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人行道上的自动用货机器人的应用、发展以及意义。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段第一句话“Although it is a business not many are aware of, sidewalk robots are set to
become an industry with annual sales of $Ibn within a decade, reckons IDTechEx, a British firm of analysts. （英国分
析公司IDTechEx估计，尽管人行道机器人是一个没有多少人意识到的行业，但它将在十年内成为一个年销售
额为10亿美元的行业。）”可推知，人行道机器人这个行业在没有人过多关注的情况下不断的扩张。故选
D。9．细节理解题。根据第三段第三句话“In January Britain's Law Commission, which reviews legislation,
recommended that it should not be the person in the driver's seat who faces prosecution if a vehicle in autonomous
mode crashes, but the manufacturer or body that sought approval for its use.（今年1月，负责审查立法的英国法律
委员会建议，如果自动驾驶模式下的车辆发生碰撞，将面临起诉的不应是驾驶座上的人，而应是寻求批准其使
用的制造商或机构。）”可知，如果自动驾驶模式下发生车祸，那么负责人的应该是寻求批准其使用的制造商
或机构。故选C。
10．短语猜测题。根据划线短语后面的部分“more than 2.5m deliveries with bots in a number of cities, university
campuses and business parks in Europe and America（在欧洲、美国的一些城市、大学校园和商业园区多于250万
辆机器人被交付使用）”可知，其中，总部位于旧金山的星际科技公司估计，在欧洲、美国的一些城市、大学
校园和商业园区，已经有超过250万辆机器人被交付使用。所以clocked up的意思为“达到”。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句话“Amazon is carrying out trials with a similar sort of machine it calls
Scout. （亚马逊正在使用一种类似的机器进行试验，该机器被称为Scout。）”可推知，Scout正在实验阶段，
并没有投入使用。所以A项“亚马逊正在使用Scout为人们提供食品杂货。”表述错误。故选A。
Passage 5 （北京市第八十中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题）
When Kirk Alexander went missing for 11 days, an unlikely savior came to his rescue: his neighborhood pizza
store.
Almost every night for more than ten years, Kirk Alexander, 48, of Salem, Oregon ordered a late dinner from his local
Domino’s pizza store. He had no signature order. Sometimes he would call for a salad, sometimes a pie, sometimes
chicken wings. The only sure thing for the staff of the Silverton Road Domino’s was that they would see Alexander’s
name show up on their online ordering site sometime between 11 p. m. and midnight several times a week.
Until suddenly, for nearly two weeks at the end of April 2016, they didn’t.
It was a slow Saturday night on May 7th when Domino’s general manager Sarah Fuller felt she could no longer ignore
Alexander’s recent absence.
“I went and looked up to see how long it had been since he last ordered,” Fuller told KATU. com. “It was 11
days, which was not like him at all.”
Fuller knew Alexander worked from home, and neighbors said he rarely left. She also knew that he had suffered
some health issues in the past. Something, Fuller worried, was wrong.Around 1 a. m. on Sunday, May 8, Fuller sent longtime delivery driver Tracey Hamblen to stop in at
Alexander’s home. Hamblen approached Alexander’s door as he had countless times before and knocked. He could
plainly see that Alexander’s TV set was on, as were his lights; but after several minutes, Alexander still didn’t answer
the door.
Hamblen rushed back to the store to relay the upsetting developments to Fuller. She encouraged Hamblen to
dial 911. Soon, officers were on their way.
When deputies from the Marion County Sheriff’s office arrived at Alexander’s house, they heard a man calling
for help from inside the residence, deputies said. They broke the door down, and found Alexander on the floor in need
of immediate medical attention. One day later, and they might have been too late.
Alexander was rushed to Salem Hospital, where he was listed in stable condition shortly after the dramatic rescue. In
the following weeks, Fuller, Hamblen, and other store employees went to visit him with flowers and cards, noting that
Alexander greeted them with knowing smiles.
24．How did Fuller sense that something was wrong?
A．She knew Alexander had serious health problems.
B．Alexander hadn’t ordered chicken wings for nearly 2 weeks.
C．Alexander had never before broken his routine in the store for 10 years.
D．Alexander had disappeared from the store’s ordering system for about 2 weeks.
25．What can you infer from the underlined sentence?
A．Hamblen was fond of knocking at Alexander’s door.
B．Hamblen was more than an acquaintance to Alexander.
C．Every time Hamblen arrived at Alexander’s house, he would knock first.
D．When Hamblen had enough time in the past, he would go to Alexander’s house.
26．The saying we can learn from the story is________.
A．Better late than never
B．Born in distress, die in peace
C．Details determine success or failure
D．Even the wise are not always free from error
【答案】24．D 25．B 26．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了细心周到的外卖店经理通过观察到常客Kirk Alexander打破了每天订
餐的习惯，派人上门了解情况，发现Kirk患病在家，及时报警，从而救了Kirk性命的经过。24．细节理解题。由第二段中的“The only sure thing for the staff of the Silverton Road Domino’s was that they
would see Alexander’s name show up on their online ordering site sometime between 11 p. m. and midnight several
times a week. (对于Silverton Road Domino的员工来说，唯一可以肯定的是，他们每周会在晚上 11点到午夜的
某个时候看到Alexander的名字出现在他们的在线订购网站上好几次)”和第五段““I went and looked up to see
how long it had been since he last ordered,” Fuller told KATU. com. “It was 11 days, which was not like him at
all.”(Fuller告诉KATU. com：“我抬头看了看，他上次点单是多久以前的事，发现是11天前的事了，这完全
不是他的风格。”)”可知，Fuller通过发现Kirk最近已经有11天（差不多两周）没在外卖店下单了，感到不对
劲。故选D项。
25．推理判断题。由第二段中的“The only sure thing for the staff of the Silverton Road Domino’s was that they
would see Alexander’s name show up on their online ordering site sometime between 11 p. m. and midnight several
times a week. (对于Silverton Road Domino的员工来说，唯一可以肯定的是，他们每周会在晚上 11点到午夜的
某个时候看到Alexander的名字出现在他们的在线订购网站上好几次)”和第七段中的“Around 1 a. m. on Sunday,
May 8, Fuller sent longtime delivery driver Tracey Hamblen to stop in at Alexander’s home. Hamblen approached
Alexander’s door as he had countless times before and knocked. (5月8日星期日凌晨1点左右，Fuller派了长期送
货司机特蕾西·汉布伦到亚历山大的家中停留。汉布伦像以前无数次一样，走近亚历山大的门，敲门)”可知，
Alexander经常点外卖，而Tracey Hamblen是派送员，从画线句推断出为二人十分相熟。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。由第四段“It was a slow Saturday night on May 7th when Domino’s general manager Sarah Fuller
felt she could no longer ignore Alexander’s recent absence. (5月7日是一个缓慢的周六晚上，Domino的总经理
Sarah Fuller觉得她再也不能忽视Alexander最近的缺席了)”可知，外卖店经理通过细心观察，察觉到了顾客
Kirk点餐习惯发生的变化，最后救了Kirk的命，告诉了我们“细节决定成败”的道理。故选C项。
Passage 6 (甘肃省武威市凉州区部分校联考2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次诊断)
The first time that I met a blind scientist. I worked in a program for disabled students interested in pursuing
STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Maths) research. Until that point, it had never occurred to me how blind
students were prevented from receiving science education. My daily experience in classrooms consisted of professors
drawing and writing on the board with the assumption that students in the class could see. But what about those
students who cannot see or suffer from vision problems?
A recent paper from Baylor University, led by Katelyn Baumer and Bryan Shaw, was inspired by exactly this
problem.They designed a study to assess whether people could learn to recognize 3D models, like those often used to
teach science, with their mouths instead of with their eyes.A 202l paper in Nature found that primates(灵长类动物)showed the same brain circuit activation(激活)when
grasping objects with their hands and when moving an object with their tongues.This indicates that there may be
underlying similarities of physical manipulations(操纵)of the hand and the mouth.
Baumer and Shaw found that there was comparable touch recognition with hands to mouth manipulation
recognition when using these models. 365 college students and 31 primary school students participated in the study.
The participants were blindfolded and then divided into two groups, one assigned to manipulate objects by hand, and
one to manipulate the objects with only their mouths. Each participant was given a single model protein to study. They
then were asked to identify whether each of a set of eight other protein models matched the original they were given.
The research team saw that both age groups of students were able to successfully distinguish between models.
Moreover, the accuracy of recalling the structures was higher in people who only assessed the models through mouth
manipulation.
Although this study did not involve blind or low-vision students, it sets the basis for expanding into them next.
It may offer a way to have science become more accessible, which is the ultimate goal.
8．Who will most probably benefit from Baumer and Shaw’s study?
A．Professors. B．College students.
C．Primary school students. D．Blind and low-vision students.
9．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?
A．Explain a concept to readers. B．Provide supporting information.
C．Summarize the previous paragraphs. D．Introduce a new topic for discussion.
10．What method is used in the study?
A．Making comparisons. B．Doing surveys.
C．Conducting interviews. D．Reviewing papers.
11．What is the text mainly about?
A．A recent paper about STEM education.
B．A protein model used in science teaching.
C．A potential way for disabled students to learn science.
D．An academic program for blind scientists to do research.
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是：科学家发现人们用嘴学习可以达到和眼、手一样的效果，从而
为盲人或弱视人群参与科学学习提供了一种解决办法。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“But what about those students who cannot see or suffer from vision
problems?(但是那些看不见或有视力问题的学生怎么办呢？)”和第二段中“A recent paper from Baylor University,
led by Katelyn Baumer and Bryan Shaw, was inspired by exactly this problem.(由凯特琳·鲍默和布莱恩·肖为主的贝
勒大学最近的一篇论文正是受到了这个问题的启发)”可知，盲人和弱视学生最有可能从该项研究中受益。故选
D项。
2.推理判断题。文章第三段内容主要“A 202l paper in Nature found that primates(灵长类动物)showed the same
brain circuit activation( 激 活 )when grasping objects with their hands and when moving an object with their
tongues.This indicates that there may be underlying similarities of physical manipulations(操纵)of the hand and the
mouth.(2021年刊登在《自然》上的一篇论文发现灵长类动物用手抓握物体和用舌头移动物体时会显示同样的
大脑回路激活机制。这说明手和嘴的物理操纵方面存在潜在的相似性。)”由此可知，本段主要为研究提供支持
信息。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段内容“The participants were blindfolded and then divided into two groups, one assigned
to manipulate objects by hand, and one to manipulate the objects with only their mouths. Each participant was given a
single model protein to study. They then were asked to identify whether each of a set of eight other protein models
matched the original they were given.(参与者被蒙上眼睛，然后分成两组，一组被分配用手操作物体，另一组只
用嘴操作物体。每个参与者给予一个单一的模型蛋白质进行研究。然后，他们被要求确定另外八种蛋白质模型
中的每一种是否与给他们的原始蛋白质模型相匹配。)”可知，本段主要介绍了研究者把受试人员分为两组，分
别用手和用嘴操纵物体，每位受试者先学习一个蛋白质模型，然后让他们辨认一组八个模型中哪一个符合他们
学习的模型，对比结果得出结论，因此主要采用了对比研究方法。故选A项。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了科学家研究发现人们用嘴学习可以达到和眼、手一样的效果，从而为盲人或弱
视人群参与科学学习提供了一种潜在的解决办法。故选C项。Passage 7 (河北省衡水市部分学校2022-2023学年高三上学期9月月考)
When she was just 9 years old, Hilde Lysiak became famous across the United States for reporting on difficult
news stories. Now Hilde has written a book telling her own story, and sharing some of the challenges she faced.
Hilde Kate Lysiak’s father was a reporter for the New York Daily News. When she was young, he often took her
to work with him, and she developed a strong interest in news stories and reporting. When she was 8, Hilde started her
own newspaper, called the Orange Street News (OSN). Her family lived on Orange Street. Hilde did the writing, her
sister Izzy took pictures, and her father helped her organize and print the newspaper. Following the rules her father had
taught her, she researched and reported stories in her monthly newspaper.
OSN suddenly became famous when a murder happened in town, and 9-year-old Hilde was the first person to
report it. Soon, news organizations around the country were doing stories on Hilde. Some people criticized her parents
for allowing her to report on something as unpleasant as a murder. Others criticized Hilde for “pretending to be a
reporter”. Some people even suggested she should be playing with dolls.
Hilde was upset by the complaints. She responded with a You Tube video. “I never began my newspaper so that
people would think I was cute,” she said. “I want to be taken seriously. I’m sure other kids do, too.” That wasn’t the last
time Hilde had trouble getting people to take her seriously. Sometimes, it was because of her age. Other times, it was
because she was a girl. But she never let that stop her. Hilde continued reporting.
Hilde’s activities as a reporter have made her famous, and she has earned several awards. With her father, Hilde
has written a series of books for young people, called Hilde Cracks the Case. The books are based loosely on stories
that Hilde wrote. The books have now been turned into a TV show called Home Before Dark.
4．What caused Hilde to be interested in news reporting?
A．Her unusual writing skills. B．Her experience with her father at work.
C．Her mother’s encouragement. D．Her passion for reading newspapers.
5．What can we infer from the third paragraph?
A．Hilde took pride in the Orange Street News.
B．All the media misunderstood Hilde’s behaviour.
C．Not everyone was happy about Hilde’s efforts.
D．Unpleasant stories were prohibited from being reported.
6．Which of the following can be used to describe Hilde?
A．Determined. B．Adaptable.
C．Awkward.D．Reliable.
7．What is probably the best title for the text?A．Challenges Hilde Faced When She Was Young
B．A Biographical Novel Written by Hilde Lysiak
C．The Orange Street News: a Popular Newspaper
D．Hilde Lysiak: Young Reporter Tells Her Own Story
【答案】4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了当只有9岁的Hilde Lysiak因报道困难的新闻故事而闻名于美国。
现在，希尔德写了一本书，讲述了她自己的故事，并分享了她面临的一些挑战。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Hilde Kate Lysiak’s father was a reporter for the New York Daily News. When
she was young, he often took her to work with him, and she developed a strong interest in news stories and reporting.
(Hilde Kate Lysiak的父亲是《纽约每日新闻》的记者。在她年轻的时候，他经常带她一起工作，她对新闻报道
产生了浓厚的兴趣)”可知，Hilde Lysiak对新闻报道感兴趣是因为跟着她的父亲去上班的经历。故选B项。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段内容“OSN suddenly became famous when a murder happened in town, and 9-year-old
Hilde was the first person to report it. Soon, news organizations around the country were doing stories on Hilde. Some
people criticized her parents for allowing her to report on something as unpleasant as a murder. Others criticized Hilde
for “pretending to be a reporter”. Some people even suggested she should be playing with dolls. (OSN 突然出名是因
为镇上发生了一起谋杀案，9岁的Hilde是第一个报道的人。很快，全国各地的新闻机构都在报道Hilde。一些
人批评她的父母允许她报道像谋杀案这样令人不快的事情。还有人批评 Hilde“假装记者”。有些人甚至建议她
应该玩洋娃娃)”可判断，不是所有的人对Hilde做出的努力都认可。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“But she never let that stop her. Hilde continued reporting. (但她从未让这阻
止她。Hilde继续报道)”可判断，人们的抱怨指责没有阻止Hilde Lysiak继续报道，说明Hilde Lysiak是一个有
决心的人。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。本篇文章是一篇新闻报道。文章的第一段总括文章内容，是新闻报道的标志语，讲述了当只
有9岁的Hilde Lysiak因报道困难的新闻故事而闻名于美国。现在，Hilde Lysiak写了一本书，讲述了她自己的
故事，并分享了她面临的一些挑战。由此可知，短文的最佳标题为“Hilde Lysiak:年轻记者讲述自己的故事”
故选D项。Passage 8 (河南省南阳市第一中学校2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考)
Just like happiness and sadness, anxiety is part of everyone's lived experience-but it’s not always tolerated as such.
“People often spend too much time and effort trying to rid anxiety,” says Dr Joel Minden, a clinical psychologist. “I
encourage them to remember that anxiety is a normal emotional response.”
If you try to banish anxiety, all you're doing is putting it more at the forefront of your mind. But if you accept anxiety as
part of life, you can learn to relate to it with self-pity or even with humour. This is a cornerstone of acceptance and
commitment therapy (ACT), which has been gaining clinical validation, including by the American Psychological
Association. ACT guides people to see their unpleasant emotions as just feelings and to accept that hardship is an
indispensable part of life. Sufferers are encouraged to begin a dialogue with anxious thoughts, examining their causes
while also keeping in mind their personal goals and values.
This way of relating to anxiety has been a powerful strategy for John Bateman, the 52-year-old host of the podcast Our
Anxiety Stories. When negative thoughts arise, he acknowledges them but doesn’t let them drive his decisions. Over
the years, Bateman has noticed that if he submits to his thoughts, they don’t go away but dramatically increase. But if
he recognizes them for what they are, just a passing thought and not a fact that needs to be acted on, they gradually go
away.
Learning to live with anxiety is an individual process and one that requires trial and error to get just right. While
acceptance is the first and most important step to take, some lifestyle changes have been proven to take the edge off as
well. Since tiredness, increased tension and stress leave us much easier to fall into anxiety, a well-balanced diet,
sufficient rest and, especially, regular exercise can help us manage it better.
12．What may Dr Joel Minden agree about anxiety?
A．It goes hand in hand with joy. B．It should be seriously taken.
C．It is easily-earned experience. D．It is often improperly treated.
13．What can explain the underlined word “banish” in Paragraph 2?
A．Recognize. B．Focus. C．Hide.D．Eliminate.
14．Why does the author mention John Bateman in Paragraph 3?
A．To define.B．To inform.C．To illustrate. D．To educate.
15．What is advised to deal with anxiety in the last part?
A．Concentrating on the process. B．Making lifestyle adjustments.
C．Avoiding exposure to pressure. D．Learning to get things in place.
【答案】12．D 13．D 14．C 15．B【导语】本文为一篇说明文。临床心理学家认为焦虑经常被不恰当的处理，如果你接受焦虑是生活的一部分，
你就可以学会用自怜甚至幽默的方式来对待它。文章介绍了ACT疗法以及应对焦虑的建议。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“‘People often spend too much time and effort trying to rid anxiety,’ says Dr
Joel Minden, a clinical psychologist. ‘I encourage them to remember that anxiety is a normal emotional response.’ (临
床心理学家Joel Minden医生说：‘人们通常会花太多的时间和精力来摆脱焦虑。我鼓励他们记住，焦虑是一
种正常的情绪反应。’)”可知，Joel Minden医生对焦虑的看法是它经常被不恰当的处理。故选D项。
13．词句猜测题。根据第二段“If you try to banish anxiety, all you’re doing is putting it more at the forefront of
your mind. But if you accept anxiety as part of life, you can learn to relate to it with self-pity or even with humour. (如
果你试图banish焦虑，你所做的只是把它放在你脑海中最重要的位置。但如果你接受焦虑是生活的一部分，你
可以学会把它与自怜甚至幽默联系起来。)”可知，后文提到了“接受焦虑”的情况，根据but可知，上下文为
转折关系，可知画线词所在句应表达处理焦虑的另一种情况，根据上文“People often spend too much time and
effort trying to rid anxiety (人们经常花费太多的时间和精力试图摆脱焦虑)”可知，人们想摆脱焦虑，这时就会当
它当回事去处理，所以你所做的只是把它放在你脑海中最重要的位置。A.Recognize认出，识别；B. Focus关
注，聚焦；C. Hide隐藏；D.Eliminate剔除，根除。D项Eliminate与划线词意思相近，故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段“ACT guides people to see their unpleasant emotions as just feelings and to accept
that hardship is an indispensable part of life. Sufferers are encouraged to begin a dialogue with anxious thoughts,
examining their causes while also keeping in mind their personal goals and values. (ACT 引导人们把不愉快的情绪看
作只是感觉，并接受困难是生活不可缺少的一部分。我们鼓励患者与焦虑的想法展开对话，检查他们焦虑的原
因，同时记住他们的个人目标和价值观。)”可知，此处为ACT疗法的原理；第三段“This way of relating to
anxiety has been a powerful strategy for John Bateman, the 52-year-old host of the podcast Our Anxiety Stories. When
negative thoughts arise, he acknowledges them but doesn't let them drive his decisions. Over the years, Bateman has
noticed that if he submits to his thoughts, they don't go away but dramatically increase. But if he recognizes them for
what they are, just a passing thought and not a fact that needs to be acted on, they gradually go away. (对播客‘我们的
焦虑故事’的主持人，52岁的约翰·贝特曼来说，这种与焦虑相关的方式一直是一种强有力的策略。当消极的
想法出现时，他承认它们，但不让它们驱动他的决定。多年来，贝特曼注意到，如果他顺从自己的想法，这些
想法非但不会消失，反而会急剧增加。但如果他认识到它们的本质，它们只是一个短暂的想法，而不是需要采
取行动的事实，它们就会逐渐消失。)”可知，this way指代上文的ACT疗法，John Bateman是“患者”之一，
该段后文详细讲述了他是怎样成功运用 ACT疗法的，由此可推知，通过提及 Bateman这个成功案例来阐明
（illustrate）ACT疗法是一个强有力的干预焦虑的策略。故选C项。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While acceptance is the first and most important step to take, some lifestyle
changes have been proven to take the edge off as well. Since tiredness, increased tension and stress leave us much
easier to fall into anxiety, a well-balanced diet, sufficient rest and, especially, regular exercise can help us manage it
better.(虽然接受是第一步，也是最重要的一步，但一些生活方式的改变也被证明可以减轻压力。由于疲劳、紧
张和压力的增加会让我们更容易陷入焦虑，一个均衡的饮食、充足的休息，尤其是定期锻炼，可以帮助我们更
好地应对焦虑)”可知，面对焦虑，建议对生活方式进行调整，故选B项。
