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第 37 讲 完形填空说明文和议论文（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 三年真题完形填空说明文考点细目表
主题 考查类型
名词 介词
试卷 年份 体裁 (短语) 形容词 副
语境 内容 (短 (短
动词 (短语) 词
语) 语)
人与
全国乙卷 2023 记叙文 完善自我 12 3 5 1 0
自我
人与
全国甲卷 2023 记叙文 人际交往 8 4 7 0 1
社会
新高考Ⅰ 人与
2023 记叙文 人际关系 6 7 2 0 0
卷 社会
新高考Ⅱ 人与
2023 记叙文 人际关系 7 3 4 1 0
卷 社会
人与
2022 说明文 人际关系 7 7 4 2 0
社会
人与
2021 夹叙夹议 人际交往 10 7 1 2 0
全国卷Ⅰ/ 社会
全国乙卷 人与
2020 夹叙夹议 完善自我 6 8 3 2 1
自我
人与
2019 记叙文 环境保护 8 7 4 1 0
自然
人与
2022 记叙文 人际交往 8 7 1 3 1
社会
人与
2021 记叙文 完善自我 10 5 4 1 0
全国卷Ⅱ/ 自我
全国甲卷 人与
2020 记叙文 文化遗产 11 4 3 2 0
社会
人与
2019 记叙文 人际关系 9 5 3 2 1
社会
人与
2020 记叙文 社会关系 8 3 6 1 2
全国卷Ⅲ 社会
2019 夹叙夹议 人与 人与环境 9 4 5 2 0自然
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
议论文：绝大多数议论文类完形填空在开头提出论点，然后在余下的段落或文字里进行阐述或提出分
论点。议论文类完形填空的三要素(论点、论据和论证)一般有序地分布在引子、正文、结论部分。
说明文：该类完形填空最显著的特点是：
1．开头点题，语篇在最开始就交代出要说明的事物或现象。
2．说明文的写作一般按时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序、认知顺序。弄清说明顺序对理解文章细节
大有裨益。
总之，辨别了文章体裁之后，依据各种体裁的成文手法，结合语篇的具体内容，就可大大提升筛选正
确答案的概率。
【备考策略】
1. 通览
把握作者的观点和态度。议论文往往体现作者对某一事物的观点，而作者的观点就是文章的论点。考生要
把握作者的观点，把握作者对某一事物是褒还是贬，是赞成还是反对，而通常把握了作者的观点也就找准
了文章的论点。
把握文章的开头，总结文章的结尾。议论文的篇首或结尾出现话题中心，通过首段或末段把握文章的主题。
2. 试填
注意段与段之间的逻辑。议论文往往围绕某一个论点用不同的论据加以佐证，往往每一段就是一个论据，
而论据和论据之间又相互联系、互为补充，每一段往往就是其中一个角度或侧面。
3. 复核
通读全文，检验每条论据是否都合情合理，都能强而有力地支撑论点。
【命题预测】
预计2024年高考完形填空对词汇的考查仍将以实词为主，且突出语境化的特点。在备考过程中，考生
应注意夯实基础词汇知识，增加词汇储备量，尤其要注意课标词汇中的多义词、派生词等，同时提高语言
运用能力。
题型总览（句间层次题）议论文都是由论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象、论据（用来证明论点的依据，是说明论点的理由
和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法），这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问题——分析
问题——解决问题的过程。因此，典型的议论文一般就由序论（提出问题，即what）、本论（分析问题，
即why）和结论（解决问题，即how）三个部分构成，其具体的结构模式又有以下三种：
模式一：引言段（提出观点）——正方论点心（支持作者的观点的较弱论点）、正方论点 2（支持作者的
观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）
在这种模式中，文章主体段（中间部分）的每一个部分论述一个论点，这些论点以其重要性按序排列，最
有力、最重要的论点在最后面，以示强调。
模式二：引言段（提出观点）——反面意见（反方观点+作者的反驳）、正方论点1（支持作者观点的较弱
论点）、正方论点2（支持作者观点的较强论点）、正方论点 3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段
（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）
在这种模式中，文章立体段的一开始就提出对立方的反面意见及作者对这种意见的反驳，以后各部分仍分
别陈述作者的不同论点。
模式三：引言段（提出观点）——反方观点1+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点2+进行反驳的正方论点、
反方观点3+进行反驳的正方论点——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）
在这种模式中，作者在文章主体段的每一部分都先提出一个反面观点，然后再进行反驳。
议论文有自己的语言个性，它不同于记叙文的生动形象，也不同于说明文的简明易懂。议论是对具体事物、
事理作出的理论上分析与阐述，因此，它的语言自然客观的、抽象的、概括的。同时，它的语言也很准确，
合乎逻辑。文中会较多地使用，诸如since（既然），now that（既然），therefore（因而），in that case
（在那种情况下），so（所以），It follows that…（因而…），If…，we may conclude that …（如果……，
我们可以这样下结论……），Should it be the case （如果是这样的话……），Idon’t want to…,but…（我并不想……），It is true that…,but…（诚然……但是……）,Even if …（即使……）等有辩论和推理含义的连
接和过渡词语与结构，以增强语言的准确性和逻辑性。此外，作者的写作态度一般也较诚恳，在文章中通
常使用的是与读者平等交流的语气，不会给人以居高临下、以势居人、逼人接受的感觉，在遣词造句方面
多使用虚拟语气、让步状语从句和can, may, might, could, would, should等情态动词。
考点一遇搭配，直接选
【2023年全国甲卷】Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every
summer. The first time we ___ 41 stayed _ __ there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike
___42___ its way down the hill toward us.
42. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling
【2023届福建省高中毕业班4月适应性练习】Now, in his late seventies, Martins is still taking ____35____ to
work and has conducted over a thousand concerts.
35．A．measures B．chances C．courage D．trouble
考点二 据常识，作判断
考生做题时，要积极调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文
化的差异。
（2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷）Once there, Lenoue was ____49_assessed___ and later taken to a hospital, where
she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme
____50____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
【2023届浙江省义乌市高三下学期5月适应性考试】Having a friend when you most need it not only gets you
through the ____35____ parts in your life — it also gives you the confidence to be a friend to others.
35．A．unknown B．rough C．special D．busy
考点三 平行结构句中现
试题命制者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度出发，利用其表现出的意义的关联性或对比性这
一特点来设空。
（2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）The flight was _____ 5 3_____ , and Tiffy was a great passenger.
53. A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful
1.【2023届浙江省镇海中学高三5月模拟】
My cousin is nine years old, a little bit fat and doesn’t do really well at school. She is heavily____21____, and thus
has developed some resistance and____22____towards adults, who usually don’t put high hopes in her.
21．A．abused B．adored C．challenged D．teased
22．A．satisfaction B．dependence C．distrust D．appreciation
过关检测
（2023·重庆·西南大学附中校考三模）We have no idea what the job market will look like in 2050. It is
generally agreed that machine learning and robotics will 1 almost every line of work — from producing
yoghurt to teaching yoga. 2 , there are conflicting views about the nature of the change and its urgency.
Some believe that within only a decade or two, billions of people will become 3 redundant (多余的).Others think that, even in the long run 4 will keep creating new jobs and will provide greater future for
all.
So, are we really facing a terrifying sudden change, or are such 5 meant to attract people’s
attention? It is hard to say. Fears that automation will create considerable 6 go back to the 19’century,
and so far they have never come true. Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, for every job lost to a
machine at least one new job was 7 , and the average standard of living has increased greatly.
Yet, there are good reasons to think that this time is different, and that machine learning will be a real 8
. Humans have two types of abilities — physical and cognitive (认知的). In the past, machines competed with
humans mainly in 9 abilities, while humans still had a great advantage over machines in cognitive.
10 , as physical jobs in agriculture and industry were automated, new service jobs appeared that required the
kind of cognitive skills only humans possess. They include learning, 11 , communicating and, above all
else, understanding human emotions. However, AI is now beginning to 12 humans in more and more
of these skills, including the understanding of human emotions.
We don’t know of any third field of activity — beyond the physical and the cognitive — where humans will
always have a secure 13 . It is important to realize that AI revolution is not just about computers getting
faster and smarter. It is also one that is being 14 by our breakthroughs in the life sciences and the
social sciences as well. The better we understand the biochemical mechanisms (机制) that support human desires
and choices, the better computers can become at analyzing human emotions, predicting human decisions, and
15 human drivers, bankers and lawyers.
1．A．carve B．change C．replace D．threaten
2．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Likewise
3．A．economically B．psychologically C．environmentally D．socially
4．A．urbanization B．cooperation C．competition D．automation
5．A．outcomes B．forecasts C．excuses D．reflections
6．A．damage B．emergency C．production D．unemployment
7．A．dumped B．shelved C．created D．testified
8．A．trouble-maker B．time-saver C．game-changer D．truth-seeker
9．A．physical B．mental C．social D．mathematical
10．A．By contrast B．For example C．As a result D．In addition
11．A．analyzing B．copying C．walking D．measuring12．A．go in for B．make do with C．turn away from D．catch up with
13．A．environment B．connection C．estimation D．advantage
14．A．dampened B．defined C．fueled D．doubted
15．A．appealing B．replacing C．standardizing D．diversifying
绪，预测人类决策)”可知，计算机能够分析人类情绪，预测人类决策进而会取代这些岗位，故选B项。
（2023·江西·江西省宜丰中学校联考二模）Winter goes and summer comes. The tides 16 ; the tides
withdraw. All nature is a circle of moods and I am a 17 of nature. It is one of nature’s 18 , little
understood, that each day I 19 with moods that have changed from yesterday. Inside me is a wheel, 20
turning. Like the flowers, today’s full blossom will 21 , yet I will remember today’s dead flower carries the
seed of tomorrow’s blossom.
And how will I master these emotions so that each day will be 22 ? Trees and plants depend on the
weather to 23 , but I make my own weather. I 24 it with me. If I bring enthusiasm to my customers,
they will 25 with enthusiasm and my weather will produce a harvest of sales and a lot of gold for me. I will
learn this secret: weak is he who permits his thoughts to control his actions; strong is he who 26 his actions
to control his thoughts. Each day I will follow this plan of battle before I am 27 by the forces of sadness,
28 and failure. I will know only those with inferior(较次的) ability can always be 29 , and I am not
inferior. If I feel depressed I will sing. If I feel 30 I will remember my goals.Yet, some emotions approach
me with a smile, which can also destroy me. If I become overly proud, I will remember my weaknesses. If I feel my
skill is 31 , I will look at the stars.
With this new knowledge I will make 32 of a person’s anger of today, for he doesn’t know the secret
of controlling his mind. No longer will I judge a man on one 33 . This secret will be my key to great
wealth. From this moment I am 34 to control whatever personality awakes in me each day. I will control
my fate, which is to become the greatest 35 in the world!
16．A．advance B．disappear C．exist D．fall
17．A．native B．colleague C．supporter D．part
18．A．jokes B．secrets C．experiences D．awards
19．A．break in B．wake up C．take off D．give out
20．A．constantly B．temporarily C．casually D．elegantly
21．A．appear B．blow C．fade D．spread22．A．anxious B．natural C．additional D．productive
23．A．sow B．grow C．separate D．shelter
24．A．fold B．follow C．carry D．load
25．A．react B．review C．recite D．repeat
26．A．obtains B．regards C．allows D．observes
27．A．chosen B．seized C．received D．witnessed
28．A．self-awareness B．self-control C．self-esteem D．self-pity
29．A．behind the scene B．on the bottom line C．at the end of the ropeD．out of sight
30．A．insignificant B．improper C．impolite D．unconscious
31．A．concrete B．inadequate C．abstract D．unmatched
32．A．use B．fun C．sure D．sense
33．A．view B．meeting C．experiment D．idiom
34．A．limited B．reserved C．prepared D．afraid
35．A．salesman B．player C．architect D．designer
（2023·福建厦门·厦门一中校考一模）Whenever I am in a group of people, I feel like everyone knows what
to say and I have no idea. When I do try to join in, I get anxious. I struggle 36 words. This happens at
parties or meetings. I feel judged- 37 I were being interviewed for a job. People think I am a loner.
Maybe I am.
Individuals experiencing this type of social 38 often avoid eye contact, because it makes them feel
39 and judged. The feelings of awkwardness and not fitting in with others are often disarming, preventing
these individuals from 40 themselves and sticking up for themselves in social environments, though they
may be 41 at asserting themselves in environments that are focused on a task rather than 42
To 43 into a group, you need to be interested in the topics that others in the group are interested in
and talk about them the way they do. Becoming a part of these groups requires that you 44 some of your
individuality in order to accept others’ 45 and values.
Some individuals are chameleon (变色龙)-like in that they 46 pick up the patterns of relating to
different groups and 47 themselves accordingly. For them, this is automatic and they don’t even come
to the 48 that they are changing themselves to fit into groups. If you are one of those people who feel
49 in most social group settings, it may be because you 50 changing the way you think in orderto feel part of a group. Maybe you are better off.
36．A．reading B．pronouncing C．seeing D．writing
37．A．even though B．as C．if D．as if
38．A．status B．discomfort C．event D．response
39．A．transparent B．urgent C．frustrated D．Disappointed
40．A．comforting B．correcting C．asserting D．convincing
41．A．creative B．effective C．attractive D．tentative
42．A．contribution B．requirement C．assignment D．socialization
43．A．dive B．dig C．get D．fit
44．A．sacrifice B．give C．examine D．present
45．A．hobbies B．approaches C．perspectives D．promises
46．A．naturally B．partly C．vaguely D．merely
47．A．explain B．support C．help D．modify
48．A．conclusion B．realization C．decision D．point
49．A．attached B．removed C．disconnected D．connected
50．A．resist B．allow C．miss D．suggest
（2023·江苏南通·校考一模）“Whenever I am in a group of people, I feel like everyone knows what to say
except me. When I try to join in, I get anxious and have a struggle 51 words. This happens at parties or
meetings and I feel 52 — as if I were being interviewed for a job. People think I am a loner. Maybe I am?”
Individuals experiencing this type of social 53 often avoid eye contact, because it makes them feel
54 and judged. The feelings of awkwardness and not fitting in with others are often frustrating. It prevents these
individuals from defending and 55 for themselves in social environments, though they may be 56
at holding on to their opinions in environments that are focused on a task rather than 57 .
Fitting into groups of people requires 58 . You need to be interested in the topics that others in the
group are interested in and talk about them the way they do. Becoming a part of these groups requires that you 59
some of your individuality in order to accept others` 60 and values.
Some individuals are like chameleon(变色龙)in that they 61 pick up the patterns of different groups
and 62 themselves accordingly. For them, this is automatic and they don’t even come to the 63
that they are changing themselves to fit into groups. If you are one of those people who feels 64 in most
social group settings, it may be because you 65 changing the way you think in order to feel part of agroup and this shouldn’t be a weakness or a failure.
51．A．reading B．pronouncing C．seeing D．writing
52．A．exposed B．ignored C．considered D．judged
53．A．status B．discomfort C．event D．response
54．A．transparent B．urgent C．frustrated D．disappointed
55．A．insisting on B．breaking down C．sticking up D．taking over
56．A．creative B．effective C．attractive D．tentative
57．A．contribution B．requirement C．assignment D．socialization
58．A．attention B．honesty C．affection D．agreement
59．A．sacrifice B．give C．examine D．present
60．A．hobbies B．approaches C．views D．promises
61．A．naturally B．partly C．vaguely D．merely
62．A．explain B．support C．help D．accommodate
63．A．conclusion B．awareness C．decision D．point
64．A．attached B．removed C．disconnected D．connected
65．A．resist B．allow C．miss D．suggest
（2023·上海·一模）According to a Gallup World Poll, 1.1 billion people want to move temporarily to
another country in the hope of finding more profitable jobs. An additional 630 million people would like to move
abroad permanently.
The global desire to leave home arises from poverty and necessity, but it also grows out of a belief that such
mobility is possible. People who hold fast to this universal 66 assume that individuals can and should be
feel at home anywhere in the world and that they need not be 67 to any particular place. This view was
once regarded as a negative product of the industrialization but is now accepted as central to a(n) 68
economy.
It leads to opportunity and profits, but it also has high 69 costs. According to a long research into
the emotions and experiences of immigrants (移民) and migrants, many people who leave home in search of better
prospects can’t avoid feeling 70 although few speak openly of the substantial pain of leaving home.
Such tolerance of emotional suffering became common among mobile Americans in the 20th century, and
represented a(n) 71 from the past. In the 19th century, Americans of all groups, pioneers, soldiers and the
millions of immigrants who streamed into the nation, loudly complained that moving was emotionally 72. Medical journals explored the condition, often referring to it by its clinical name: nostalgia (思乡).
Today, discussions of nostalgia are rare, for the emotion is typically regarded by individuals as an
embarrassing block to progress and prosperity. The 73 makes mobility appear misleadingly easy.
Technology also tricks us into thinking that mobility is 74 . The comforting vision of 75
offered by technology makes moving seem less consequential, since “one is always just a mouse click or a phone
call away”.
But such a claim was 76 optimistic, for homesickness continued to hurt many who migrated. The
77 that phone calls and the Internet provide means that those away from home can know exactly what they are
missing the exact moment and how it is happening. It gives the impression that one can be in two places at once but
it also highlights the 78 of that assumption.
The persistence of homesickness points to the limitations of the universal philosophy that strengthens so much
of our market and society. The idea that we can and should feel at home any place on the globe is based on a
worldview that celebrates the independent, mobile individual and takes it for granted that men and women are
easily separated from family, from home and from the past. But this view isn’t 79 our emotions, for our
attachment to home, although often 80 , is strong and enduring.
66．A．subject B．wealth C．vision D．exchange
67．A．transferred B．tied C．reduced D．bridged
68．A．globalized B．intense C．exporting D．degrading
69．A．transporting B．domestic C．psychological D．administrative
70．A．displaced B．suspected C．abused D．monitored
71．A．guidance B．emergency C．departure D．justification
72．A．misleading B．wearing C．resisting D．facilitating
73．A．silence B．restriction C．obstacle D．emotion
74．A．temporary B．traditional C．painless D．formal
75．A．priority B．alert C．connection D．privacy
76．A．overly B．ultimately C．critically D．narrowly
77．A．advancement B．suffering C．immediacy D．variety
78．A．impossibility B．diversity C．distraction D．scale
79．A．in line with B．in addition to C．in honor of D．in need of
80．A．distributed B．underestimated C．illustrated D．identified（2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考模拟预测）Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted.
Careless methods of production and 81 of consumer demands for environment friendly products have
82 the pollution problem. One 83 is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal
containers are produced, and these are difficult to get rid of.
84 , today, more and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that the products they
buy should be safe for the environment. 85 they buy a product, they ask questions like these: “Will this
shampoo damage the environment?” “Can this metal container be 86 or can it only be used once?”
A recent study showed that two 87 five adults now consider the environmental safety of a product
before they buy it. This means that companies must now change the 88 they make and sell their products
to make sure that they are “green,” that is, friendly to the environment.
Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds.
Some supermarket products 89 labels to show that the product is green. Some companies emphasize that
their products are clean and safe in their advertising and have made it their main selling 90 .
The 91 for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink 92 they do
business. No longer will the public accept the old 93 of “Buy it, use it, throw it away and forget it.” The
public 94 is still here, and companies are 95 their act gradually.
81．A．part B．lack C．lots D．varieties
82．A．applied to B．contributed to C．exposed to D．devoted to
83．A．possibility B．chance C．result D．effect
84．A．Therefore B．Furthermore C．Similarly D．However
85．A．After B．Though C．Before D．Unless
86．A．reused B．safe C．friendly D．returned
87．A．of B．on C．from D．out of
88．A．rhyme B．way C．section D．branch
89．A．carry B．take C．include D．make
90．A．advantage B．technique C．point D．attraction
91．A．concern B．hope C．care D．plan
92．A．what B．how C．whether D．when
93．A．saying B．trust C．attitude D．fashion
94．A．pressure B．pleasure C．discussion D．interest
95．A．enlarging B．sharing C．cleaning D．improving（2023·重庆·重庆南开中学校考三模）The part of the environmental movement that draws my firm’s
attention is the design of buildings. Today, thousands of people come to 96 building conferences, and the
idea that buildings can be good for people and the environment will be increasingly 97 in years to come.
Back in 1984 we discovered that most manufactured products for decoration weren’t designed for 98 use.
The “energy-efficient” sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis 99 indoor
air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet. So for 20 years, we’ve been
looking for ways to make these materials 100 for people and the planet.
Home builders can now use materials, such as green paints, that release significantly 101 amounts
of chemical compounds, which people believe don’t 102 the quality of the air. 103 , our basic
design strategy is focused not simply on being “less bad” but on creating 104 healthful materials that can
be either safely returned to the soil or 105 by industry again and again. For example, the world’s largest
carpet manufacturer has already 106 a carpet that is fully and safely recyclable.
Look at it this way: no one 107 to create a building that destroy the planet. But our current industrial
systems are basically causing these conditions, whether we like it or not. So 108 of simply trying to
reduce the damage, we are 109 a positive approach. We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products
and an opportunity to make choices that have a 110 effect on the world. It is not just the building
industry, either. Entire cities are taking these environmentally positive approaches to design, planning and building.
96．A．commercial B．green C．traditional D．simple
97．A．efficient B．changeable C．influential D．effective
98．A．relevant B．indoor C．flexible D．forward
99．A．revealed B．displayed C．exhibited D．discovered
100．A．careful B．comfortable C．stable D．safe
101．A．reduced B．revised C．delayed D．defined
102．A．destroy B．deny C．dissolve D．depress
103．A．Anyway B．Besides C．Anyhow D．However
104．A．exactly B．completely C．partially D．superficially
105．A．restored B．regain C．reused D．retain
106．A．developed B．stretched C．researched D．constructed
107．A．sets off B．sets about C．sets out D．sets up108．A．instead B．because C．out D．regardless
109．A．adjusting B．adopting C．adapting D．admitting
110．A．functional B．sensible C．beneficial D．precious
（2022·广东·统考模拟预测）Italian shepherds are taking the lead in forest fire prevention, by leading their
animals to eat the bush. Laws once 111 such practices are being changed, as rural communities begin taking
a 112 in forest management.
In thinner forested areas, larger animals feeding on plants were found to be 113 in reducing forest fire
risk. Smaller animals like goats and sheep are 114 for areas that lack natural predators (天敌). In Italy, the
eating habits of smaller animals make them perfect for 115 woody bushes.
Although a forest seems fascinating, 116 it’s no longer a natural ecosystem. When climate change
regulations limited the shepherd’s 117 to work in woodlands, it was part of a continent-wide 118 to
fight against deforestation. The effort worked well, with total forest 119 in Italy increasing by 75% since
the 1960s. Red deer and other native animals have disappeared. Therefore, the 120 of sheep and goats
meant that nothing prevented woody bushes from dominating the land, turning small fires into 121 ones.
Meanwhile, shepherds decided to write letters asking the permission to graze in the woods again. They hoped
to carry out a 122 project of rural areas, where Italy’s worst wildfire within 40 years 123 its
way from the mountain tops to the sea. They hoped to bring in more shepherds to control the fires and 124
eco-tourism in the area. It makes sense that those most invested in the forests’ 125 would be worthwhile
to save them, which goes for both the shepherds and the animals.
111．A．monitoring B．advising C．banning D．introducing
112．A．role B．message C．chance D．break
113．A．decisive B．effective C．proper D．relevant
114．A．ready B．responsible C．hopeful D．suitable
115．A．cutting off B．helping out C．clearing away D．putting down
116．A．clearly B．gradually C．luckily D．actually
117．A．ability B．imagination C．desire D．risk
118．A．wish B．success C．victory D．effort
119．A．growth B．cover C．thickness D．quality
120．A．loss B．arrival C．choice D．disadvantage121．A．uncomfortable B．unbelievable C．unforgettable D．uncontrollable
122．A．production B．creation C．restoration D．competition
123．A．burned B．picked C．blocked D．forced
124．A．vary B．reduce C．encourage D．spread
125．A．exploration B．location C．health D．survival
真题演练
2022年完形填空说明文、议论文
Close 1
【2022年全国乙卷】Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them,
there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only
their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___ .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly
“egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology
___26___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down
with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the
adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her
own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her.
A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results
were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their
___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They
simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by
putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___
when others use it.
21. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
22. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
23. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
24. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted25. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
26. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
27. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
28. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
29. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
30. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
31. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
32. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
33. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
34. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
35. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
37. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
39. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
40. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
Close 2
【2022 年浙江卷 6 月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it.
“Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He
throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___
which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and
sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that
can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and
feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to
___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager
should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your
directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against
you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know
17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that
18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment
19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important
20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility
21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier
22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name
23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student
24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect
25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce
26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful
27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example
28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine
29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately
30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership
31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand
32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget
33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack
34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending
35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education
Close 3
【2022 年浙江卷 6 月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it.
“Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He
throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___
which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and
sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that
can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and
feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager
should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your
directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against
you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good
___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know
17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that
18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment
19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important
20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility
21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier
22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name
23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student
24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect
25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce
26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful
27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example
28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine
29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately
30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership
31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand
32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget
33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack
34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending
35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education
