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考点 22 阅读理解记叙文（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 高考真题考点分布
年份 卷次 主题语境 字数 题型分类
细节 推 理 主旨 词 义
理解 判断 大意 猜测
2024 2024·新高考I卷 人与社会：美国兽医采用针灸技术 296+127 0 3 1 0
年 治疗动物
2024·新高考II卷 / / / / / /
2024·全国甲卷 / / / / / /
2024·北京卷 人与自我：作者重拾画油画的信 354+99 1 3 0 0
心并接受了自身局限性
2024·浙江卷1月卷 人与社会：感受电话亭变迁 338+144 3 0 0 1
2023 2023·新高考I卷 人与自然：生态机器净化污水 340+134 2 2 0 0
年
2023·新高考** 错 人与社会：Urban Sprouts花园项目 273 1 2 1
误的表达式 **卷 帮助学生通过体验乡村生活。 +126
2023·全国甲卷 人与自然：DIY高手Terri Boltonis 277+137 2 1 0 1
的技能
2023·全国乙卷 人与社会：风景摄影师 312+147 1 3 0 0
2023·北京卷 人与自我：作者职业成功的经历 350 0 2 1 1
+157
2023·天津卷第二次 人与自我：成为了社区管弦乐团的 434+198 3 1 1 0
首席
2023·浙江卷1月卷 人与社会：在家庭中过零浪费的生 350+177 0 2 1 1
活方式
2022 2022·新高考I卷 / / / / / /
年
2022·新高考** 错 人与社会：孙子把儿童读物当成平 326+13 3 0 0 1
误的表达式 **卷 板电脑 0
2022·全国甲卷 人与社会：Ginni Balinton往南极洲 305+118 2 1 0 1
的旅程
2022·全国乙卷 / / / / / /2022·北京卷 人与社会：参加保护自然活动治愈 348 3 1 0 0
好了焦虑 +124
2022·天津卷 人与自我：获得自尊就要首先学会 410+1 2 2 1 0
接受自己本来的面目 87
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
纵观近三年高考试卷，通常一套卷有一篇记叙文，设题主要集中在细节理解题和推理判断题。所选的
记叙文多以第一人称或第三人称为主，讲述一个短小精悍、有教育意义的故事，有时也会选用生活中的轶
闻趣事。所讲述的故事题材丰富多样、富有生活气息，多按时间顺序叙述，偶尔也会有倒叙或插叙的
情形。
从语言与结构特点上看，英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点或过程。其特点是：
主题往往隐藏在字里行间，没有直接地表达出来；文章主旨要通过人物、事件来进行提炼；文章大多按时
间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内
容，从整体上把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及文章的情感主线。
从命题上看，记叙文阅读理解以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，以观点态度题、写作意图题、词义猜测
题和代词指代题为辅，难度总体上属于中等程度。记叙文阅读理解题要求考生能理清记叙的顺序与所讲故
事的情节，能准确把握人物的情感态度和作者的写作目的。
【备考策略】
1. 在做阅读理解题时，首先要通读全文，弄清六要素和记叙的顺序，特别要注意文章中提到的多个
时间、地点和人物，理清事件的起因、经过和结果；
2. 然后阅读题干，在文章中查找相关的信息；最后根据查找到的相关信息作出正确的选择。如果文
中所涉及的人物较多，还要弄清人物之间的关系。
3. 一般故事性记叙文，通读全文，了解故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；寓言哲理类记叙文，要理
解故事所蕴含的哲理意义，尤其关注故事结尾的升华；逸闻趣事，人物传记类记叙文，要体会对话的风格，
感受故事的精髓。
【命题预测】
从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，预测2025年高考记叙文阅读理解试题难度会保持相对稳定，但会继续
考查细节理解题、推理判断题主旨大意题和词义猜测题等题型。
【必备基础知识】
一、【题型解读】
记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些
文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述
的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的
引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细
节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
阅读此类文章应特别注意：
（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；
（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；
（3）若是 ＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。
（1）文体和结构特点：
英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点或过程。其特点是：主题往往隐藏在字里行
间，没有直接地表达出来；文章主旨要通过任务事件来提炼。文章大多数按照时间顺序、空间顺序、
事情发展顺序来展开。
（2）阅读策略：
A.首先要通读全文，弄清六要素和记叙的顺序，特别要注意文章中所提到的多个事件、地点和人物，
理清事件的起因、经过和结果；
B.然后阅读题干，在文章中查找相关的信息；
C.最后根据查找到的相关信息做出正确的选择。如果文中所涉及的人物较多，还要弄清人物之间的关
系。
二、【语篇特点】
内容上，记叙文应该包括六要素，即：时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。可以按事件发生的时
间顺序写，也可以按事件发生的先后写。
命题上，主要集中在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。
选材上，新颖、生动、真实、典型的素材描写，让读者有身临其境的感觉。
形式上，顺叙、倒叙、插叙。
语言上，一般过去时为主，各种时态为辅，合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态是英语记叙文首要的语
言特征；多用动词，尤其是动态强的行为动词是英语记叙文又一个明显的语言特征。
二、【写作意图】
1.讲述故事 ( tell / narrate / relate a story)
2.分享经验 (share an experience)
3.纪念人物 (remember a person)
4.阐明道理 (communicate an idea / convey a message)
01 记叙文中的细节理解题
【题型解读】
常见的命题方式通常有：
1.特殊疑问句形式。以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等疑问词开头引出的问题；
2. 以According to… 开头提问方式；
3. 少数试题以填空题的形式，如：（1）To avoid attracting mountain lions, people are advised________.
（2）By the first sentence of the passage author means that________.
（3）It seems that now a country’s economy depends much on________.
（4）If you are interested in knowing about what people’s life will be, you may visit________.
（5）The policemen were told “to look the other way” (the underlined part in Paragraph 2) so that________ .
（6）The policeman who said “Good evening” to Rolls wanted to________.
1．同义替换。替换关键词，如把lose one's job换成了be out of work；变换词性，如把important变换成of
importance；改变语态，如主动语态变成被动语态。
2．信息归纳。用精练的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。
3．正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。
1．张冠李戴。是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。
2．无中生有。符合常识，但不是文章的内容。
3．曲解文义。与原文极其相似，在细节处有变动。
4．颠倒是非。在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至相反。
5．正误参半。部分正确，部分错误。
【解题技巧】
（1）划出题干，选项关键词；
（2）回忆文章结构，定位具体段落；
（3）理解细节内容，最后找出答案；
注意：
记叙文细节理解题正确选项的特征一定是：
①核心词，原词复现/同义词、近义词替换；
②语言简化
【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house,
observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through
plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could
be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking
questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing
chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way
nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he
constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds andstreams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these
different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the
sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to
eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
,
Over the years John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage
(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a
city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for
the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these
new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
7. What is the basis for John’s work?
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用
自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house,
observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through
plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could
be used to clean up the messes people were making.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的
树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变
得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying
agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can
certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?(在大学学习了
农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？
哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”
以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as
food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感到
惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”
可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-
like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to
clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类
似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城
市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you
let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然
后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
（2024·安徽合肥·三模）At the beginning of graduate school, I knew that if I wanted to get tenure (长期聘
用), I had to be productive. However, when my first three papers were rejected by major journals, a leading expert
told me my projects were hopeless, and I wondered if I should drop out.
We all get rejected at work, whether it’s having our suggestions shot down or getting fired from a job. It
causes pain. Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) have scanned the brains of people who have cruelly been excluded
from an online game. The physiological (生理学的) response looks fairly similar to processing physical pain.
Apparently, this was adaptive in our evolutionary past. If rejection didn’t hurt, you might have been perfectly
comfortable leaving your tribe, which would not be good for your survival. But it’s left us nervous and likely to
overreact to everyday rejections. If you’ve ever given a presentation and felt upset by the one unfriendly face in a
room full of smiles, you know what I mean.
That’s the bad news. The good news is that we can learn to accept rejection calmly. “When you’re insecure
in one, you rely on the other one that’s doing better at that time. Pliability (柔韧性) is the definition of strength,”
said filmmaker M. Night Shyamalan.
When my work got rejected early in my academic career, pliability became my source of strength. My
identity as a researcher was under threat, but that wasn’t what had drawn me to graduate school in the first place. I
had another, stronger identity: I wanted to be a teacher. However, I hadn’t had the chance: The first two years of my
program were supposed to focus entirely on research.
I realized that if I wanted to bounce back from the research rejections, I had to find a way to teach. I
convinced an adviser to sign off on independent study projects for a group of students, and I started meeting withthem weekly to teach my own little class. The conversations with the students gave rise to my first two major
papers, which gave me a head start toward tenure.
4．What was the author’s reaction to the leading expert’s words?
A．He took his advice. B．He felt discouraged.
C．He paid no attention. D．He consulted another expert.
5．What have neuroscientists found out?
A．Rejection really hurts.
B．Rejection is important to survival.
C．People tend to overreact to rejection.
D．Physical pain grows because of rejection.
6．What does the author advise us to do when facing rejection?
A．Find out the reasons behind it.
B．Forgive those who reject us.
C．Turn to our stronger identity.
D．Learn a lesson from past failures.
7．What happened to the author at last?
A．He left graduate school.
B．He turned into a middle school teacher.
C．He worked on practicing his physical pliability.
D．He accomplished some research work successfully.
【答案】4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议，主要讨论的是个人在面对学术和职业上的拒绝时如何调整心态和寻找新的
机会。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, when my first three papers were rejected by major journals, a leading
expert told me my projects were hopeless, and I wondered if I should drop out.(然而，当我的前三篇论文被主要
期刊拒绝时，一位权威专家告诉我，我的项目没有希望了，我想知道我是否应该退学。)”可知，作者对权
威专家的话的反应是感到灰心丧气。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) have scanned the brains of people who have
cruelly been excluded from an online game. The physiological (生理学的) response looks fairly similar to
processing physical pain.(神经科学家扫描了被残忍地排除在网络游戏之外的人的大脑。生理反应看起来与处
理生理疼痛非常相似。)”可知，神经学家发现了拒绝真的让人感到疼痛。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“When my work got rejected early in my academic career, pliability became
my source of strength. My identity as a researcher was under threat, but that wasn’t what had drawn me to graduate
school in the first place. I had another, stronger identity: I wanted to be a teacher.(在我的学术生涯早期，当我的
作品被拒绝时，柔韧性成了我力量的源泉。我作为一名研究员的身份受到了威胁，但这并不是吸引我进入
研究生院的首要原因。我有另一个更强烈的身份：我想成为一名教师。)”可知，面对拒绝，作者建议我们
转向我们更强大的身份。故选C。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The conversations with the students gave rise to my first two major papers,
which gave me a head start toward tenure.(与学生们的对话促成了我最初的两篇主要论文，这使我在获得终身
教职方面有了一个良好的开端。)”可知，作者最后成功地完成了一些研究工作。故选D。
02 记叙文中的推理判断题
【题型解读】
记叙文中推理判断题常常是人物性格、心情处境、态度及观点等推断题
隐含推断题的题干一般为以下几个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(表明，暗示)；suggest(建议)；conclude(得出
结论)；assume(假定，设想)；imply(暗示)。隐含推断题一般根据短文提供的信息借助语境进行推理判断，
需要考生把握文章内在的逻辑关系，才能得出准确的判断，切忌主观臆断、无中生有或文章原句复现。
【设问方式】
1. What can we infer from...? /What can be in ferred about...?
2. What can we learn about...? /What do we know about...?
3.Which of the following best describes...?
【解题技巧】
高考阅读测试中有些题目考查学生对文章作者的主导思想、被描写人物语气、言谈话语中流露的情绪、性
格倾向和作用或文中人物的态度、观点等方面的理解。做这一类题时一定注意：
（1）由表及里地准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观点。
（2）特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情，态度观点的词语。要特别注意作者在文章中的
措辞，尤其是感情色彩的形容词。
（3）能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。
【2024 新课标Ⅰ卷 B 篇片段】“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing
acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even
some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh.
He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-
combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became
interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing
drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he
improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So,
after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him?
A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude.
【答案】24. A【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应
用于动物，并取得了初步成效。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers
occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑
他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。
Passage1
（2024·湖南怀化·一模）Due to the fact that the average life expectancy in Ghana is 64 years old, and the
most common causes of death are largely treatable conditions, such as malaria, stroke, and respiratory infections.
Boateng, growing up in a small village in southern Ghana/struggling to access basic health care, felt an urgent call
to help and decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana.
Boateng worked hard in school, getting a scholarship to study biology at Cornell University in the US, and
ultimately earned his master’s in Healthcare Administration. Later he started his nonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation,
and converted a van into a mobile doctor’s office called the Hope Health Van to bring health care directly to those
in need in 2021.
A few times a week, the mobile clinic and medical team travel long distances to remote communities in
Ghana and provide free routine medical care. On each trip, Boateng’s team consists of a nurse, a physician’s
assistant, a doctor, and an operation assistant. In the van, they can run basic labs like bloodwork and urinalysis as
well as prescribe and provide medications. “It’s like a one-stop shop for people,” said Boateng, adding that most of
the people they see have one health issue or another.
Since its launch, Boateng says the Hope Health Van has served more than 4, 000 Ghanaians across more than
45 rural communities who otherwise don’t have easily accessible medical care. To supplement the mobile clinic,
Boateng’s organization has also trained 20 volunteers to serve as local health advocates. They check people’s vitals
and provide the medical team with timely data for assessing how to move forward with care and treatment,
especially for those whose health is at risk.
In the future, Boateng hopes to expand to provide more consistent and high-quality medical care not only to
those living in remote areas of Ghana but in other countries as well. “I believe that our model can be replicated in
sub-Saharan Africa,” he said.
4．What inspired Boateng to set his life goal?
A．He wanted to get a scholarship.
B．Many locals died of deadly diseases.
C．The birthplace of him was small and poor.
D．Basic health care was inaccessible for locals.
5．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．How Boateng’s team functions. B．Why Boateng’s team was founded.C．What Boateng’s team has achieved. D．Where Boateng’s team has travelled.
6．What is Boateng’s attitude to his team in the future?
A．Ambiguous. B．Ambitious. C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．A van bringing medical care to thousands
B．A country lacking basic health care
C．Efforts to provide people with medications
D．Mobile vans travelling through Ghana
【答案】4．D 5．A 6．B 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述Boateng的个人故事，展示了他如何致力于改善加纳偏远地区
的基本医疗保健服务，并期望将这种模式复制到其他国家。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Boateng, growing up in a small village in southern Ghana/struggling to
access basic health care, felt an urgent call to help and decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health
care to remote communities in Ghana.( Boateng在加纳南部的一个小村庄长大，很难获得基本的医疗保健，他
感到迫切需要帮助，并决定把为加纳偏远社区提供医疗保健作为自己的一生使命。)”可知，Boateng在加纳
南部的一个小村庄长大，很难获得基本的医疗保健，因此感到迫切需要帮助，所以Boateng决定把为加纳
偏远社区提供医疗保健作为自己的一生使命。故选D。
5．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段内容“A few times a week, the mobile clinic and medical team travel long
distances to remote communities in Ghana and provide free routine medical care. On each trip, Boateng’s team
consists of a nurse, a physician’s assistant, a doctor, and an operation assistant. In the van, they can run basic labs
like bloodwork and urinalysis as well as prescribe and provide medications. “It’s like a one-stop shop for people,”
said Boateng, adding that most of the people they see have one health issue or another.(流动诊所和医疗队每周几
次长途跋涉前往加纳的偏远社区，提供免费的常规医疗服务。每次旅行，Boateng的团队都由一名护士、
一名医师助理、一名医生和一名手术助理组成。在这辆面包车里，他们可以进行血液检查和尿液分析等基
本实验室，也可以开处方和提供药物。Boateng说：“这对人们来说就像一站式商店。”他补充说，他们
看到的大多数人都有这样或那样的健康问题。)”可知，第三段主要讲述的Boateng团队的运作方式，如行
医频率、团队组成和工作细则等。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In the future, Boateng hopes to expand to provide more consistent and
high-quality medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but in other countries as well. “I believe
that our model can be replicated in sub-Saharan Africa,” he said.(未来，Boateng希望扩大规模，不仅为生活在
加纳偏远地区的人们，也为其他国家的人们提供更加稳定和高质量的医疗服务。“我相信我们的模式可以
在撒哈拉以南非洲复制，”他说。)”可知，Boateng希望未来不仅为生活在加纳偏远地区的人们，也为其他
国家的人们提供更加稳定和高质量的医疗服务。由此可知，Boateng表达了他对自己团队的期望和愿景，
他提到“我们有一个更大的愿景——将这种模式复制到非洲其他国家”。这表明他对团队的未来持有雄心
勃勃的态度，希望他们能够在更广泛的范围内取得成功和产生影响。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Boateng worked hard in school, getting a scholarship to study biology at
Cornell University in the US, and ultimately earned his master’s in Healthcare Administration. Later he started hisnonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation, and converted a van into a mobile doctor’s office called the Hope Health Van to
bring health care directly to those in need in 2021.( Boateng在学校努力学习，获得了美国康奈尔大学生物学专
业的奖学金，并最终获得了医疗管理硕士学位。后来，他创办了自己的非营利组织OKB希望基金会，并
将一辆面包车改装成移动医生办公室，名为“Hope Health Van”，于2021年直接为有需要的人提供医疗服
务。)”以及全文内容可知，文本主要讲述了Boateng通过他的非营利组织以及Hope Health Van来改善加纳
偏远社区的医疗保健服务的努力。这辆车直接为有需要的人提供医疗服务，为加纳多个农村社区的超过
4000人提供服务。因此，选项A“A van bringing medical care to thousands (一辆为数千人带来医疗服务的
车)”准确地概括了文本的主要内容和重点。故选A。
03 记叙文中的主旨大意题
【题型解读】
主旨大意题既考查细节理解能力, 又考查深层次的推理、概括能力,难度较大。不仅考查考生略读文章、领
会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从
文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。
命题方式：
What is the text mainly about?
What is the best title for the text?
What can be a suitable title for the text?
What's the first/second/third....paragraph mainly about?
What's the main idea discussed in the first/second/.. paragraph?
【解题技巧】
记叙文主旨概括题的破题方法：
（1）首段法：首段主旨句；转折词后；破折号后
（2）核心名词法：
核心名词在文章中高频出现。可是“原词”或“同义词”不断曝光。
（3）合并法：整合各段落大意，整合各段落首段信息
（4）首位呼应法：整合首段和尾端信息
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for
middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban
Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science
skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food
restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of
soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Thoughsome are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil
testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year,
students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say
they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that
they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming
effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,”
she says, “and they feel successful.”
4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?
A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family.
C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes.
C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens.
6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program?
A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable.
C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，
环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生通过体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban
Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位
老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts
的发起者。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are
awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something
new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，
对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选
C。
【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so
interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the
garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional
control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。
有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特
殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成
功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情
绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban
Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science
skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在
四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和
健康的生活方式。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养
学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响
深远。因此推断B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
（2024·浙江嘉兴·二模）I have always been proud of my handwriting, a skill I was taught in grade school.
The teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship Method, drilling into us the importance of forming big flowing
lines when we wrote g’s and s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind were like fairy tale princesses wearing
fancy hats while extending their right foot. We were strictly prohibited from using block letters on our homework,
as they lack the beauty.
Now it becomes apparent that young people no longer learn cursive(草书). They type everything, mostly on
their phones. Beautiful handwriting is a thing of the past. This has become a source of great sadness among
traditionalists.
But recently something happened that shook my faith in cursive. To my complete disbelief, not one but two
of my close friends complained about the handwriting on my postcards. They were grateful for the beautiful
postcards I regularly sent, but they said they honestly couldn't read a thing I had written. One friend went so far as
to ask if I could use block letters next time so that she could understand what I was writing.
Initially, I was angry. I had made the effort to cover an entire postcard with what I viewed as not just
handwriting but calligraphy. But then I showed an English friend a postcard I'd just written, and he said that the
only thing that was readily understandable was the letters “U. S. A．” The rest of it, he politely suggested, looked
like “chicken scrawl”.
Looking at the postcard dispassionately, I unwillingly admit that he has a point. All the m’s and n’s run
together, and the l’s look like l’s. The a’s are indistinguishable from the q’s. So, from now on, I'm taking their
advice and using block letters to communicate.In fact, I just now sent an old friend a postcard. But this time, I simply wrote—in big block letters:
DEAR ALICE:
HI.
JOE.
I hope she gets the message.
4．What do we know about the Palmer Penmanship Method?
A．It is characterized by big flowing lines. B．It is rarely appreciated by traditionalists.
C．It was not allowed in students'homework.D．It is viewed as a trend in handwriting styles.
5．What weakened the writer’s belief in cursive?
A．The popularity of block letters in recent times.
B．The younger generation’s disinterest in cursive.
C．His friends’ failure to comprehend his postcards.
D．His English friend's suggestion on postcard design.
6．Why did the writer switch to block letters for communication?
A．To deliver his message clearly. B．To improve his handwriting skills.
C．To win praise from his friends. D．To show his passion for calligraphy.
7．What is the text mainly about?
A．The wide use of cursive. B．The sad decline of cursive.
C．The value of preserving cursive. D．The technique of writing in cursive.
【答案】4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从小学时对自己的草书书法感到自豪，到意识到现代趋势使草
书变得不那么实用和容易理解的历程。尽管作者的朋友们很欣赏草书的美丽，但看不懂他们手写的明信片，
所以为了清晰起见，他决定改用印刷体。这一转变象征着一个更广泛的社会转变，从手写交流向打字交流
转变，显示了传统美感与实际易读性之间的斗争。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship Method, drilling into us
the importance of forming big flowing lines when we wrote g’s and s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind were
like fairy tale princesses wearing fancy hats while extending their right foot.”（老师正在教我们帕尔默书法法，
在我们写g和s以及美丽的f时，向我们灌输形成大而流畅的线条的重要性，在我的脑海中，f就像童话故
事中的公主戴着华丽的帽子，同时伸出右脚）可知，帕尔默书法它的特点是线条大而流畅。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But recently something happened that shook my faith in cursive. To my
complete disbelief, not one but two of my close friends complained about the handwriting on my postcards. They
were grateful for the beautiful postcards I regularly sent, but they said they honestly couldn't read a thing I had
written.”（但最近发生的一件事动摇了我对草书的信心。让我完全难以置信的是，我的两个好朋友竟然抱
怨我明信片上的字迹。他们很感激我定期寄给他们的漂亮明信片，但他们说他们真的看不懂我写的东西）
可知，作者朋友们无法理解他的明信片削弱了作者对草书的信念。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Looking at the postcard dispassionately, I unwillingly admit that he has a
point. All the m’s and n’s run together, and the l’s look like l’s. The a’s are indistinguishable from the q’s. So, fromnow on, I'm taking their advice and using block letters to communicate.”（冷静地看着明信片，我不情愿地承认
他说得有道理。所有的m和n连在一起，l看起来像l。a和q是无法区分的。所以，从现在开始，我接受
他们的建议，用大写字母交流）可知，作者改用大写字母来交流是为了清楚地传达他的信息。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Now it becomes apparent that young people no longer learn
cursive. They type everything, mostly on their phones. Beautiful handwriting is a thing of the past. This has become
a source of great sadness among traditionalists.”（现在很明显，年轻人不再学草书了。他们用手机打字。漂亮
的书法是过去的事了。这已经成为传统主义者巨大悲伤的来源）可知，文章主要讲的是草书可悲的衰落。
故选B项。
（最新模拟试题演练）
Passage1
（2024·湖北·一模）Tom is an expert from a robotics company who can communicate smoothly with
people through computers, phones, and other means. However, when facing the crowd on site, he will feel uneasy.
His boss arranged for Tom to showcase to the audience the innovative work their company is doing. In response to
the boss’ trust in him, Tom bravely began preparing for this matter.
One day, while watching TV, he happened to see a program where the ventriloquist (腹语术者) Arthur
interacted with the audience through a dummy (假人) to convey information. This gave him inspiration. The next
day, he discussed his idea with his colleagues in the company and everyone supported his plan. On the day of the
exhibition, they arrived at the scene early and prepared everything, although Tom was still a bit nervous.
The much-anticipated presentation started. The presenter began with a light-hearted joke and then proceeded
to share some interesting facts about Reality Robotics Company before revealing the innovative work the company
was undertaking. Throughout the presentation, there were no pauses or instances of Tom’s dreaded phrase: “but
what I really meant to say was.” The audience was impressed by the innovative product the presenter described and
hoped for a demonstration to see how effective the new invention was. As the presentation drew to a close, the
presenter said calmly and confidently, “And now I would like to share this stage with the man who invented me.”
Tom walked onto the stage, looking exactly like the presenter. The “identical twins” took the audience by
surprise. Tom then spoke slowly, “What you have just witnessed is a demonstration of the latest invention from the
company — a presentation robot.” Suddenly it all clicked and the audience erupted in cheers. Tom then explained
how the company created such a robot and programmed it to speak. “As you could see and hear, it had the
confidence I could never exhibit in such a presentation. We can model it into an exact copy of you.” The audience
got excited at the prospect. The boss smiled approvingly. Maybe Tom deserved a promotion, he thought.
1．What’s Tom’s problem?
A．He tended to get nervous easily.
B．He failed to win his boss’ recognition.C．Ho was not confident to speak in front of the public.
D．He can’t communicate with people in his daily life.
2．What do we know about the presenter?
A．He was quite serious.
B．He didn’t live up to Tom’s expectations.
C．He was inspired by the dummy that Arthur worked with.
D．Though confident, he was a bit nervous giving the presentation.
3．What does Tom’s company do?
A．It creates innovative robots. B．It helps present new ideas.
C．It advertises new products. D．It produces ventriloquist’s dummies.
4．What mainly contributes to the presentation’s success?
A．Luck and humor. B．Teamwork and creativity.
C．Caution and responsibility. D．Courage and friendliness.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Tom，一位来自机器人公司的专家，如何克服在公众面前演讲的紧
张感，并通过一个创新的演示机器人成功地展示了他们公司的最新发明。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Tom is an expert from a robotics company who can communicate smoothly
with people through computers, phones, and other means. However, when facing the crowd on site, he will feel
uneasy.(汤姆是一家机器人公司的专家，他可以通过电脑、电话和其他方式与人顺利沟通。然而，当面对现
场的人群时，他会感到不安。)”可知，Tom的问题是没有信心在公众面前讲话。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“One day, while watching TV, he happened to see a program where the
ventriloquist (腹语术者) Arthur interacted with the audience through a dummy (假人) to convey information. This
gave him inspiration. (有一天，他在看电视时，碰巧看到一个节目，腹语术者亚瑟通过一个假人与观众互动，
传递信息。这给了他启发。)”可知，在观看电视节目时，看到腹语术者Arthur通过假人与观众互动传达信
息，这给了他启发。因此，我们可以知道这位演讲者是受到Arthur与假人互动方式的启发。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Tom then spoke slowly, “What you have just witnessed is a demonstration
of the latest invention from the company — a presentation robot.” Suddenly it all clicked and the audience erupted
in cheers. Tom then explained how the company created such a robot and programmed it to speak.(汤姆随后慢慢
地说道：“你们刚才所看到的，是公司最新发明的展示——一个演示机器人。”突然，一切都清晰了，观
众们爆发出热烈的掌声。汤姆接着解释了公司是如何创造出这样的机器人并为其编程使其能够说话的。)”
可知，Tom的公司主要工作是创造创新的机器人。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“One day, while watching TV, he happened to see a program where the
ventriloquist (腹语术者) Arthur interacted with the audience through a dummy (假人) to convey information. This
gave him inspiration. (有一天，他在看电视时，碰巧看到一个节目，腹语术者亚瑟通过一个假人与观众互动，
传递信息。这给了他启发。)”可知，Tom受腹语术假人dummy的启发，做出一个跟他自己长的一模一样的机器人来代替他做展示，这体现了他的创新能力；根据第二段The next day, he discussed his idea with his
colleagues in the company and everyone supported his plan. On the day of the exhibition, they arrived at the scene
early and prepared everything(第二天，他和公司的同事讨论了他的想法，每个人都支持他的计划。展览当天，
他们早早到达现场，准备好了一切)”可知，这次展示的成功是整个公司的团队合作的结果。由此可知，团
队合作和创造力是这次展示成功的主要因素。故选B。
Passage2
（23-24高二下·山东菏泽·期中）I know next to nothing about baseball. When in the right field during P.
E. as a boy, I prayed the ball wouldn’t come to me. It took a miracle (奇迹) for me to catch it. Yet I later became the
father of two boys, Will and Tim (8 and 5), who were both interested in baseball. On Saturday mornings, I’d take
Will out to the playground and play catch with him. Thanks to my weak arm, the ball dropped before he could catch
it. After many misses one day, he said, “How am I ever going to make the major leagues?” “You got the wrong dad,
kid,” I thought. Baseball isn’t my thing.
Still, I wanted to give my kids confidence on the field. There was an official Little League in our area, but it
was super-competitive and primarily targeted older boys. What if we had something more low-key, something that
welcomed boys and girls, and younger ones?
I shared the idea with some neighbors. “That would be great!”they said. Now who could organize such a
thing? Not me. I tried to put the idea aside, but it wouldn’t leave me. I finally decided that I must do something
about it. So I called the city’s recreation department, explaining that some families wanted to start a baseball league
in our neighborhood. Were there any fields for that? They bounced me around. Finally, I spoke to the official in
charge. I got butterflies in my stomach. What if he said no? “Yes, we have something for you,” the man said,
hearing my request. We got two fields for four hours every Sunday morning. Our league was founded. What a joy it
was to sit on the benches, watching Will and Tim playing baseball! How grateful I was for other parents who did
the coaching! And I became the most unlikely baseball commissioner (专员) ever.
Many years have passed. Now Will and Tim are new dads, and I can’t wait to see what they’ll have to do. I
know better than anyone: Parenthood calls you to do the most unlikely things.
5．Why did the author think his son Will got the wrong father?
A．He lacked confidence. B．He had poor baseball skills.
C．He had little energy or time. D．He didn’t know Will’s dream.
6．What special feature did the author expect the baseball league had?
A．Being easy to join. B．Having its own fields.
C．Focusing on training kids. D．Having professional coaches.
7．How did the author probably feel while talking to the official?
A．Confident. B．Peaceful. C．Nervous. D．Hesitant.
8．What does the author want to stress in the text?
A．The need to challenge oneself.
B．The greatness of parental love.
C．The responsibility of parenthood.D．The role of sports in kids’ growth.
【答案】5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对棒球一窍不通，却想办法为孩子们成立了一个棒球联盟
的故事。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Thanks to my weak arm, the ball dropped before he could catch it. After many
misses one day, he said, “How am I ever going to make the major leagues?” “You got the wrong dad, kid,” I
thought. Baseball isn’t my thing.（由于我的手臂无力，球在他接住之前就掉了下来。一天错过多次后，他说：
“我怎么才能进入大联盟呢？”“孩子，你找错爸爸了，”我想。棒球不是我的菜。）”可知，作者的棒
球技术很差，所以作者认为儿子询问作者如何进入大联盟找错爸爸了。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段“There was an official Little League in our area, but it was super-competitive and
primarily targeted older boys. What if we had something more low-key, something that welcomed boys and girls,
and younger ones?（我们地区有一个官方的小联盟，但它的竞争非常激烈，主要针对年龄较大的男孩。如
果我们有一些更低调的东西，一些欢迎男孩和女孩，以及更年轻的孩子的东西呢？）”可知，作者希望这
个棒球联盟能够更容易加入。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据第三段“I got butterflies in my stomach. What if he said no?（我的胃里七上八下。如果
他拒绝了怎么办？）”可知，作者在与官员交谈时可能会感到紧张。故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I know better than anyone: Parenthood calls you to do the most unlikely things.
（我比任何人都清楚：为人父母会让你去做最不可能的事情。）”可知，作者想要在文中强调为人父母的
责任。故选C。
Passage3
（2024·江西·一模）One of China’s first female sea-rescue pilots looks back in pride at 300-plus missions
and promises to save more lives. When the perfect storm brews(酝酿) over the boundless sea and lives are in
danger, a crew of highly trained professionals embarks on a mission impossible to search for and rescue survivors
from the rough waters. Wan Qiuwen is one of them. And, she’s a woman.
The 36-year-old from Shanghai has broken the glass ceiling to become one of China’s first two female
rescue helicopter pilots who respond to search and rescue missions involving cargo ship snags(货船遇险), vessel
accidents, medical emergencies and special marine operations. The demanding nature of the profession had always
favored male candidates until the rules were changed for the first and only time. She says, “Rescue at sea can be
both challenging and terrifying. If you don’t think and act fast, people may die.”
On Aug 20,2020, an oil tanker ferrying 3,000 metric tons of gasoline collided with a cargo ship loaded with
sand and gravel about 1.5 nautical miles (2,778 meters) southeast of the Yangtze River estuary, sparking a fire on
the deck of the oil tanker and causing the latter to sink. Wan was among the first respondents. She flew to the site
from Gaodong helicopter airport, which is the country’s first-of-its-kind marine rescue launchpad(发射台). “The
tanker was still burning and there was a thick envelope of smoke, reducing visibility to near zero.” she recalls. And
yet, with her sea wisdom, Wan spotted a survivor and executed a successful rescue operation. She hovered above
the troubled waters for a couple of minutes to estimate the best extraction point, and then threw down a rope andpulled up a seriously injured crew member.
Now, a mother of a boy, when people ask her if she will continue to fly once her child grows up, Wan’s
response is affirmative. “This profession is about saving lives and I am a rescue pilot, once and always.”
9．What do the underlined words “broken the glass ceiling” probably mean?
A．Winning wide praise. B．Making a personal breakthrough.
C．Disobeying rules of her career. D．Breaking barriers preventing women’s advancement.
10．Which of the following best describe Wan Qiuwen?
A．Courageous and Creative. B．Professional and Determined.
C．Conservative and Hardworking. D．Responsible and Self-disciplined.
11．What can be learned from the accident happening on August 20, 2020?
A．It is visible for Wan to see clearly the site from the sky.
B．Both the oil tanker and the cargo ship sank after collision.
C．During the rescue, Wan threw down a rope without hesitation.
D．Before taking rescue action Wan made a judgement on the situation.
12．What is the purpose of the passage ?
A．To call on more people to be a sea-rescue pilot.
B．To inform the risks of becoming a sea-rescue pilot.
C．To introduce an exceptional woman sea-rescue pilot.
D．To educate people the meaning of breaking through gender prejudice.
【答案】9．D 10．B 11．D 12．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国首批女性海上救援直升机飞行员之一万秋雯，她突破性
别障碍，执行300多起救援任务，承诺拯救更多生命的故事。
9．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The demanding nature of the profession had always favored male candidates
until the rules were changed for the first and only time.(这一职业的高要求性质历来偏向于男性候选人，直到规
则首次也是唯一一次改变)”可知，划线部分指的是万秋雯成为首批女性海上救援直升机飞行员之一的事迹，
意味着她突破了阻碍女性晋升的障碍，故划线部分与D选项“打破阻碍女性晋升的障碍”意思相近。故选
D。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段中“And yet, with her sea wisdom, Wan spotted a survivor and executed a
successful rescue operation. She hovered above the troubled waters for a couple of minutes to estimate the best
extraction point, and then threw down a rope and pulled up a seriously injured crew member.(然而，凭借她的海
上智慧，万秋雯发现了幸存者并执行了一次成功的救援行动。她在波涛汹涌的海面上盘旋了几分钟，以估
测最佳的营救位置，随后投下绳索，救起了一名重伤的船员)”可知，万秋雯是专业的，根据第四段“Now,
a mother of a boy, when people ask her if she will continue to fly once her child grows up, Wan’s response is
affirmative. “This profession is about saving lives and I am a rescue pilot, once and always.”(现在，作为一名男孩
的母亲，当人们问她孩子长大后是否会继续飞行时，万秋雯的回答是肯定的。“这个职业关乎拯救生命，
我是一名救援飞行员，从前是，永远都是。”)”可知，万秋雯具有坚定的决心。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据第三段中“She hovered above the troubled waters for a couple of minutes to estimate thebest extraction point, and then threw down a rope and pulled up a seriously injured crew member.(她在波涛汹涌的
海面上盘旋了几分钟，以估测最佳的营救位置，随后投下绳索，救起了一名重伤的船员)”可知，在进行营
救行动之前，万秋雯对情况进行了判断。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据全文内容及第二段中“The 36-year-old from Shanghai has broken the glass ceiling to
become one of China’s first two female rescue helicopter pilots who respond to search and rescue missions
involving cargo ship snags(货船遇险), vessel accidents, medical emergencies and special marine operations.(这位
来自上海的36岁女性打破了性别障碍，成为了中国首批两位参与货船遇险、船只事故、医疗紧急情况及特
殊海上作业搜救任务的女性救援直升机飞行员之一)”可知，文章主要讲述了万秋雯作为中国首批女性海上
救援直升机飞行员之一的卓越事迹和个人经历，突出了她的勇气、专业和对职业的承诺。因此，文章的主
要目的是介绍这位杰出的女性海上救援飞行员。故选C。
Passage4
（2024·河南南阳·模拟预测）The Music Educator Award, presented by the Recording Academy and
Grammy Museum, recognizes those who have made a significant contribution to music education. This year it went
to Annie Ray, a teacher at Annandale High School in Fairfax County, Virginia. She was honored for her efforts to
make music accessible to all students, particularly those with disabilities.
Ray attended the awards ceremony in Los Angeles, took photos with pop stars and brought home a $10,000
prize and matching grant (补助金) for her school’s music program. But she considers the award to be her students.
Ray loved music and was regarded as a music talent at an early age. She was inspired by the diversity of the
Annandale community, which she says represents over 60 countries. There are a lot of cultures that might typically
clash (冲突), but they come together in this very beautiful harmony. So she created the Crescendo Orchestra (管弦
乐队) for students with disabilities, as well as a parent orchestra that teaches nearly 200 caregivers a year to play
the same instrument as their child.
The orchestra is about much more than just making music, however. It gives students a chance to develop
their cooperation skills and learn the art of improving something. “I really push my students to be bold, go out of
their comfort zones, challenge themselves and become confident,” Ray said. “Meanwhile, they completely changed
my educational approaches. I learn to teach them according to their own abilities and pace.”
At the Grammys, what impressed her was that many famous performers agreed that a good music educator
can change one’s life, which made her feel what she did was rewarding.
But she faces some challenges. One is that not many people understand how much music educators’ work
matters. Another challenge is resources. Her school desperately needs new instruments but lacks enough money.
“It is a hard profession, but I never give up. There’s nothing else like it,” Ray said.
4．What motivated Ray to create the Crescendo Orchestra?
A．The cultural diversity. B．Her talent for music.
C．Her disabled students’ desire. D．The Annandale community’s advice.
5．What effect does Ray have on her students?
A．They made greater musical achievements.
B．They took comfort from life’s improvements.C．They became more cooperative and confident.
D．They developed effective learning approaches.
6．What challenge is Ray facing now?
A．Shortage of funds. B．Hardship of being a teacher.
C．Lack of reward for work. D．Disapproval from music educators.
7．Which words can best describe Ray?
A．Humorous and helpful. B．Modest and determined.
C．Wise and adventurous. D．Demanding and ambitious.
【答案】4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了荣获今年音乐教育家奖的高中教师Annie Ray在音乐教育上
的贡献以及她给学生带来的影响。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She was inspired by the diversity of the Annandale community, which she
says represents over 60 countries. There are a lot of cultures that might typically clash (冲突), but they come
together in this very beautiful harmony. So she created the Crescendo Orchestra (管弦乐队) for students with
disabilities, as well as a parent orchestra that teaches nearly 200 caregivers a year to play the same instrument as
their child.(Annandale社区的多样性给了她灵感，她说该社区代表了60多个国家。有很多文化通常可能会
发生冲突，但它们在这种非常美丽的和谐中走到了一起。因此，她为残疾学生创建了Crescendo管弦乐队，
以及一个每年教近200名看护人与孩子演奏同一乐器的家长管弦乐队)”可知，Ray所在的社区融合了60多
个国家的文化。通常不同的文化之间可能会发生冲突，但是它们融合在一起，就形成了美妙和谐的氛围。
受此启发，Ray创建了Crescendo管弦乐队。由此可知，是文化多样性促使Ray创建了Crescendo管弦乐队。
故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It gives students a chance to develop their cooperation skills and learn the art
of improving something.(它让学生有机会发展他们的合作技能，学习改进某些东西的艺术)”以及““I really
push my students to be bold, go out of their comfort zones, challenge themselves and become confident,” Ray said.
(雷说：“我真的鼓励我的学生大胆一点，走出他们的舒适区，挑战自己，变得自信。”)”可知，Ray给学
生带来的影响是使他们变得更愿意合作、更自信。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Another challenge is resources. Her school desperately needs new
instruments but lacks enough money.(另一个挑战是资源。她的学校急需新乐器，但资金不足)”可知，Ray的
学校缺乏足够的资金来为学生购买乐器。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But she considers the award to be her students.(但她认为获奖者是她的学
生)”可推断出，Ray为人谦虚；再根据最后一段中的““It is a hard profession, but I never give up. There’s
nothing else like it,” Ray said.(Ray说：“这是一个艰难的职业，但我从未放弃。没有什么比这更好的
了。”)”可知，即使Ray在教学中面临困境，她也不轻言放弃，由此可推断出，她意志力坚定。故选B。
Passage5
（2024·黑龙江吉林·模拟预测）It took an ill screech owl (鸣角鸮) to teach a scientist the value of up-
close-and-personal study.
In his Harvad talk, Carl Safina, an ecologist and author of Alfie and Me: What Owls Know, What HumansBelieve, recalled that the chick was found dying in his backyard. Safina took it in and planned to nurse it back to
health and then perform release. But the owlet's flight feathers didn't grow properly. Safina delayed the release.
Over those extended months, Safina got to know Alfie in ways that moved and changed him.
“An owl found me and then I was watching ‘an owl’,” he said. “It was no longer an owl after a while, it was
‘she’ because she had a history with me. This little owl, who was with me much longer than I thought she would be,
became an individual to me by that history and all those interactions.”
The bond with Alfie strengthened to the point that, when she was finally released, she created a territory with
Safina's home at its center. Safina was able to spend hours each day observing her in the woods as she learned to
take care of herself in the wild, met two mates, and raised chicks of her own.
When he heard Alfie calling, Safina said, he'd call back and she'd land nearby. Their closeness allowed him
to learn more things about screech owls. Field guides, for example, describe two known calls but he identified six,
some of which you have to be quite close to hear. The relationship also opened a window for Safina onto
personality differences between Alfie and her mates.
When pointed out that his approach to Alfie—including the act of naming her—ran counter to widespread
scientific practice, Safina said he wasn't concerned about violating (违反) convention, particularly if something
interesting like individual personality differences among owls could be learned.
The experience caused Safina to think more deeply about humankind's relationship with nature and the kind
of personal connection he was able to feel with a wild individual. “What I learned from Alfie is that all sentient (有
情感的) beings seek a feeling of well-being and freedom of movement,” Safina said. “That's a guide to what's right
and what's wrong to me.”
4．What do we know about Alfie?
A．She developed a close bond with Safina.
B．She was a fictional character in Safina's book.
C．She intentionally landed in Safina's backyard.
D．She was dying because of the broken flight feathers.
5．What happened after Safina released Alfie?
A．Alfie chose to stay with Safina at his home.
B．They maintained a continous communication.
C．Alfie met mates and raised chicks by herself.
D．Safina kept his distance from her to prevent attachment.
6．What did Safina achieve in his study?
A．Recording six different calls of the screech owl.
B．Identifying different types of owls by their calls.
C．Learning how to release owls back into the wild.
D．Understanding personality differences among owls.
7．How did Safina's experience with Alfie impact him?
A．He became more focused on exploring nature.B．He initiated his commitment to wildlife conservation.
C．He developed a deep appreciation for the welfare of living creatures.
D．He decided to guide readers to distinguish between right and wrong.
【答案】4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了生态学家Carl Safina与一只名叫Alfie的鸣角鸮的故事，以及这段
经历对他的影响。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Over those extended months, Safina got to know Alfie in ways that moved
and changed him.”（在那些漫长的月份里，萨菲纳以一种感动并改变他的方式了解了阿尔菲。）根据第三
段“This little owl, who was with me much longer than I thought she would be, became an individual to me by that
history and all those interactions.”（这只小猫头鹰，它和我在一起的时间比我想象的要长得多，通过那段历
史和所有这些互动，它成为了我的一部分）可知，Safina与Alfie建立了紧密的联系。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“When he heard Alfie calling, Safina said, he'd call back and she'd land
nearby.”（当他听到阿尔菲的叫声时，萨菲纳说，他会回应，她就会降落在附近。）可知，他们保持了持续
的交流，故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The relationship also opened a window for Safina onto personality
differences between Alfie and her mates.”（这种关系也为萨菲纳打开了一个窗口，让他看到阿尔菲和她的伴
侣之间的性格差异。）可知，Safina理解了猫头鹰之间的性格差异，故选D
7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What I learned from Alfie is that all sentient beings seek a feeling of well-
being and freedom of movement,” Safina said. “That's a guide to what's right and what's wrong to me.”（我从阿尔
菲那里学到的是，所有有情感的生物都寻求幸福感和自由的移动，”萨菲纳说。“这对我来说是判断对错
的指南。”）可知，Safina对生物的幸福产生了深深的欣赏，故选C。
Passage6
（2024·浙江绍兴·三模）Sandoval, who comes from Los Angeles, has traveled and filmed in over 50
countries across seven continents and now lives in China. “In 2008, tired of my studio work in the U.S, I came to
China, thinking I would be here one or two years, but it has turned out to be 16 years!” he said. He hopes his
photographs will inspire others to embark on adventures as well.
Sandoval is a professional photographer and learned commercial photography at what was then the Brooks
Institute of Photography. With the hope of trying something different for himself, he went to Chengdu in Southwest
China to live in October 2008 and has traveled throughout the country since then.
In the beginning, he did editorial work for magazines both in and outside Sichuan, such as Vogue. Then he
worked with the Sichuan tourism department to produce travel brochures, and also on ad campaigns for
destinations for corporate companies.
To him, Chengdu is the capital of a laid-back lifestyle. He was delighted to see that residents, dressed
stylishly or comfortably, strolled in the streets “as slowly as snails”. Almost a “walking encyclopedia” of Chengdu,
Sandoval covered every corner of Chengdu and recorded Chengduese and their lives with his camera, listening to
the sound of mahjong tiles being shuffled and music from traditional stringed instruments.
He also goes from place to place with his heavy travel kit. The varied culture and vast, beautiful land haskept him in China much longer than he had planned in the beginning. He remembers a wide range of adventures
like exploring a local vineyard and local wine in Yinchuan City, a riding performance by a Mongolian ethnic group
in the Shuidonggou Horse Riding Show, and then the totally different experience of visiting the Hainan Free Trade
Port in the south.
He thinks he has done a lot in “this beautiful and vast country” with his “travel photos”. “I try to show
people the beauty of where I go. I try to inspire them to travel and go to places. I’m hoping to do more international
work,” he said.
4．Why did Sandoval come to China?
A．He was not good at studio work. B．He wanted to step out of the comfort zone.
C．He had a preference for international work. D．He was attracted by the picturesque nature of China.
5．What does the underlined word “laid-back” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Leisurely. B．Simple. C．Luxurious. D．Healthy.
6．Sandoval’s experiences around China are mentioned in Paragraph 5 to show _______.
A．Sandoval’s diverse hobbies B．Sandoval’s desire for new careers
C．Sandoval’s superb photo technique D．Sandoval’s fascination for Chinese culture
7．What is the writing purpose of this passage?
A．To call on readers to take up photography.
B．To praise Sandoval for spreading Chinese culture.
C．To facilitate the development of tourism in Chengdu.
D．To introduce the experience of a professional photographer.
【答案】4．B 5．A 6．D 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了专业摄影师Sandoval的故事，他来自洛杉矶，曾在全球50多个
国家旅行和拍摄，后来为了寻求新的生活体验来到中国，原本计划只待一两年，却意外地在中国生活了16
年，通过照片展示了中国的美丽，还记录下了成都人和他们的生活。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“With the hope of trying something different for himself, he went to Chengdu in
Southwest China to live in October 2008 and has traveled throughout the country since then. (2008年10月，怀揣
着尝试一些不同的东西的希望，他去了中国西南部的成都生活，从那时起，他就在全国各地旅行)”可知，
Sandoval到中国来是因为他想走出自己的舒适区，尝试一些不同的东西。故选B项。
5．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“He was delighted to see that residents, dressed stylishly or comfortably,
strolled in the streets “as slowly as snails”. (他很高兴看到居民们穿着时髦或舒适，在街上“像蜗牛一样慢”
地散步)”可知，成都的居民们非常自如地在街上慢慢地散步。由此可知，当地的生活方式是悠闲的，画线
词意思应该是“悠闲的，闲散的”，与Leisurely意思相近。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The varied culture and vast, beautiful land has kept him in China much
longer than he had planned in the beginning. He remembers a wide range of adventures like exploring a local
vineyard and local wine in Yinchuan City, a riding performance by a Mongolian ethnic group in the Shuidonggou
Horse Riding Show, and then the totally different experience of visiting the Hainan Free Trade Port in the south. (多
样的文化和广袤美丽的土地使他在中国停留的时间比他最初计划的要长得多。他记得各种各样的冒险经历，比如在银川市探索当地的葡萄园和当地的葡萄酒，在水洞沟骑马表演中观看蒙古民族的骑马表演，然后参
观南方海南自由贸易港的完全不同的体验)”可推知，这里提到了Sandoval在中国的经历，以显示他对中国
文化的迷恋。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Sandoval, who comes from Los Angeles, has traveled and
filmed in over 50 countries across seven continents and now lives in China. (Sandoval来自洛杉矶，曾在七大洲
的50多个国家旅行和拍摄，现在住在中国)”可知，文章讲述了专业摄影师Sandoval的故事。他来自洛杉矶，
曾在全球50多个国家旅行和拍摄，后来为了寻求新的生活体验来到中国，原本计划只待一两年，却意外地
在中国生活了16年，通过照片展示了中国的美丽，还记录下了成都人和他们的生活。因此，文章的目的应
该是介绍一位专业摄影师的经历。故选D项。
Passage7
（2024·山东日照·模拟预测）Travelling seemed like falsehood to me. I grew tired of backpackers
expressing too much praise about how petting a baby elephant in Thailand “transformed” them. Globe-traveling to
me held no more promise than finding a few bills in the pocket of an old coat. I needed something deeper than an
Eat, Play, Love moment.
One day, Vasilis, my Greek best friend, reminded me of our decade-old promise: after our final exams, I
would visit his hometown in Athens. Maybe, it was time to make good on that promise.
I finally boarded the plane. Vasilis picked me up at the airport. I smiled, thinking how improbable this
moment seemed all those years ago.
The decade-long wait proved to be well worth it. Every step through the ancient streets revealed new
wonders. However, none of them truly mattered. What would forever alter my perception of travel was a chance
encounter with a local.
Vasilis and I were wandering Athens when a special sound caught our attention — a rhythmic clinking
disturbing the quietness of the residential street. Curiously, we followed the sound to a humble workshop. Inside, a
welder (焊工) gave no mind to our presence behind him. He wore no flashy protective suit — this was just another
day for him, another dance with fire and metal that had become second nature. Under the sunshade, his orange cat
rested in the comforting warmth...
As the man continued welding, I felt a bit of envy. I envied his peace and contentment. I admired the
simplicity he embodied. I imagined the welder happy, finding fulfillment in his craft (手艺) and returning to his
loving family...The moment moved me to tears. Leaving the workshop, rain blending with tears, I realized how
easily life’s poetry could pass unnoticed.
Home again in Montreal, I stop simply pursuing better things, better experiences and better people that are
never grasped. I realize the real journey is inward — to appreciate life’s ordinary magic. That sure beats petting any
baby elephant. I may not have returned home “transformed,” but I’ll always think of the welder and his cat.
4．Which aspect of travelling makes the author feel uneasy?
A．Shortage of adequate funds. B．Discomfort in dietary habits.
C．Overstatement of travel’s effects. D．Danger of petting baby animals.
5．What drove the author to go to Athens?
A．Meeting a commitment. B．Exploring a unique landscape.C．Receiving further education. D．Escaping from the current life.
6．What does the underlined word “poetry” in paragraph 6 probably refer to?
A．Poems written by masters. B．Peace and simplicity.
C．Spirit of craftsmanship. D．Special sound in the street.
7．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Friendship Lasts Forever B．Travelling Shapes a Better Self
C．Pursuit of Happiness Never Stops D．The Ordinary Makes Extraordinary
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者对旅行的深刻反思，从最初对旅行改变人生的夸张说法感到厌
倦，到在希腊雅典一次偶遇当地焊工的经历中，感悟到生活中平凡之美的诗意与满足，从而意识到真正的
旅程是向内寻找，珍惜生活中的平凡奇迹。
4．推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Travelling seemed like falsehood to me. I grew tired of backpackers
expressing too much praise about how petting a baby elephant in Thailand “transformed” them.(对我来说，旅行
似乎是骗人的。我已经厌倦了背包客们对在泰国抚摸小象如何“改变”了他们的赞不绝口。)”可知，旅行
影响的过度陈述让作者感到不安，觉得是骗人的。故选C。
5．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“One day, Vasilis, my Greek best friend, reminded me of our decade-old
promise: after our final exams, I would visit his hometown in Athens. Maybe, it was time to make good on that
promise.(有一天，我最好的希腊朋友瓦西里斯让我想起了我们十年前的约定：期末考试结束后，我要去他
的家乡雅典。也许，是时候兑现这个承诺了。)”可知，为了兑现履行承诺，作者去了雅典。故选A。
6．词句猜测题。由文章倒数第二段“As the man continued welding, I felt a bit of envy. I envied his peace and
contentment. I admired the simplicity he embodied. I imagined the welder happy, finding fulfillment in his craft (手
艺) and returning to his loving family...The moment moved me to tears. Leaving the workshop, rain blending with
tears, I realized how easily life’s poetry could pass unnoticed.(当那个人继续焊接时，我感到有点嫉妒。我羡慕
他的平静和满足。我钦佩他所体现的纯朴。我想象着焊工快乐，在他的手艺中找到满足，回到他爱的家
庭……那一刻我感动得流下了眼泪。离开车间，雨中夹杂着泪水，我意识到生活的诗意是多么容易被忽
视。)”可知，这里的“诗意”并非指具体的诗歌，而是指前文描述的焊工那种平和、满足的生活状态，以
及他对工艺的热爱和简单生活的美好。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段“Home again in Montreal, I stop simply pursuing better
things, better experiences and better people that are never grasped. I realize the real journey is inward — to
appreciate life’s ordinary magic. That sure beats petting any baby elephant. I may not have returned home
“transformed,” but I’ll always think of the welder and his cat.(回到蒙特利尔的家，我不再简单地追求更好的事
物、更好的经历和更好的人，而这些都是永远无法抓住的。我意识到真正的旅程是内在的——去欣赏生活
平凡的魔力。这可比抚摸小象强多了。我回家时也许没有“变了”，但我总会想起那个焊工和他的猫。)”
可知，文章通过作者的旅行经历，特别是雅典之行中与当地焊工的邂逅，让作者领悟到了平凡生活中的不
平凡之美，改变了对旅行意义的看法，因此最合适的标题是选项D. “The Ordinary Makes Extraordinary平凡
造就非凡”，它贴切地反映了作者的心路历程和文章的核心思想。故选D。Passage8
（2024·福建泉州·二模）When training for my first marathon, I treated myself to an expensive fitness
watch that tracked my time, pace and splits.
At the end of my final training run, I threw myself down on the floor the moment I got home, only to see my
watch had failed me. Twenty-one miles briefly flashed on the screen before it went blank and disappeared forever. I
screamed in pain. That tragic image of me crying on my living room floor pretty much sums up my relationship
with exercise tracking technology.
It can be a total joy to watch your data change as you get stronger and faster, but sometimes it became a stick
for punishment. I would compare my pace with other people’s or criticize myself for not doing it 30 seconds faster.
I never really recognized this as a problem. To me, tracking was the route to self-improvement, and the point was to
be better.
In the past year, “being better” has taken on a different meaning. My mental health dropped, and things like
brushing my teeth became unimaginably difficult. Being better stopped meaning getting faster or stronger. It meant
taking care of myself and feeling some joy. Once I started getting better, I reflected on what made me happy and
what did not. So, I stopped tracking my runs and deleted all the data.
I then found I genuinely love running. I run around my local park with a silly little smile. But I do not love
running quickly. I do not like races. I do not want to be pushed to be faster. I now notice how my legs feel and how
my mind feels afterwards — clear and focused. I notice the smell of the wild plants and the sunshine on my face.
I am better. Sometimes I am worse. But either way I’m moving forward slowly and firmly, and that’s good
enough.
4．The author cried after the final training run because she ________.
A．had to stop working out B．became physically worn out
C．lost the data on the watch D．felt a sharp pain in the legs
5．The author used to view exercise tracking as ________.
A．a fun hobby for enjoyment B．a strong need for recognition
C．a method of escaping punishment D．a way of being a better runner
6．What does “being better” mean to the author now?
A．Getting pleasure out of winning races. B．Being more focused on her life goal.
C．Freeing herself from demanding tasks. D．Improving her overall well-being.
7．What can we conclude from this passage?
A．Adjustment brings happiness. B．Passion is the key to success.
C．Sports contribute to happiness. D．Success equals self-improvement.
【答案】4．C 5．D 6．D 7．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经执着于通过运动跟踪数据来让自己变得更好，但这也
导致作者变得不再快乐，于是作者删除了手表上的运动数据，开始专注于跑步时的感受，如今作者感到更
加快乐了。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“At the end of my final training run, I threw myself down on the floor the moment
I got home, only to see my watch had failed me. Twenty-one miles briefly flashed on the screen before it wentblank and disappeared forever. I screamed in pain. That tragic image of me crying on my living room floor pretty
much sums up my relationship with exercise tracking technology.(在我最后一次跑步训练结束时，我一回到家
就扑倒在地，结果发现我的表坏了。21英里在屏幕上短暂地一闪而过，然后一片空白，永远地消失了。我
痛苦地尖叫起来。我在客厅地板上哭泣的悲惨画面基本上概括了我与运动追踪技术的关系。)”可知，作者
在最后一次训练后哭了，因为她丢失了手表上的数据。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“It can be a total joy to watch your data change as you get stronger and faster, but
sometimes it became a stick for punishment. I would compare my pace with other people’s or criticize myself for
not doing it 30 seconds faster. I never really recognized this as a problem. To me, tracking was the route to self-
improvement, and the point was to be better.(看着你的数据随着你变得越来越强、越来越快而改变，这可能是
一种完全的快乐，但有时它会成为一种惩罚。我会拿自己的速度和别人比较，或者批评自己没有快30秒。
我从未真正意识到这是个问题。对我来说，跟踪是自我提升的途径，关键是要变得更好。)”可知，作者曾
将运动跟踪视为成为更好的跑步者的一种方式。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I now notice how my legs feel and how my mind feels afterwards -clear and
focused. I notice the smell of the wild plants and the sunshine on my face.(现在我注意到我的腿是什么感觉，之
后我的头脑是什么感觉——清晰而专注。我注意到野生植物的气味和照在脸上的阳光。)可知，“变得更
好”现在对作者来说意味着改善她的整体幸福感。故选D。
7．推理判断题。通读全文，并根据第四段“In the past year, “being better” has taken on a different meaning.
My mental health dropped, and things like brushing my teeth became unimaginably difficult. Being better stopped
meaning getting faster or stronger. It meant taking care of myself and feeling some joy. Once I started getting better,
I reflected on what made me happy and what did not. So, I stopped tracking my runs and deleted all the data.(在过
去的一年里，‘变得更好’有了不同的含义。我的心理健康状况每况愈下，像刷牙这样的事情变得难以想
象地困难。变得更好不再意味着变得更快或更强壮。它意味着照顾好自己，感受到一些快乐。当我开始变
得更好时，我反思了是什么让我快乐，又是什么让我不快乐。所以，我不再记录我的跑步情况，并删除了
所有的数据。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者曾经执着于通过运动跟踪数据来让自己变得更好，但这也导致
作者变得不再快乐，于是作者删除了手表上的运动数据，开始专注于跑步时的感受，如今作者感到更加快
乐了。由此推知，我们可从文章得知调整带来快乐。故选A。
Passage9
（2024·山东·模拟预测）“It’s like riding a bike” is a common comment when you want to remind
someone that it’s hard to forget a basic skill. But what if you don’t know how to ride a bike?
This was something Annette Kruger, an avid (热衷的) cyclist, saw that was true for many women in Berlin,
including refugees, who’d moved to there. Whether they weren’t allowed or didn’t have the opportunity to learn,
these women had never experienced the health benefits and independence that cycling offers.
That is why, seven years ago, Kruger started Bikeygees, a non-profit organization focused on teaching
women to ride a bike. The group members gather for two hours for training sessions every week. Advanced riders
can borrow bikes and helmets for free to practise on their own.
The group also teaches women how to fix bikes, instilling (逐步培养) a sense of self-sufficiency, says
Kruger. If they can do bike repairs, ride and learn the German rules of the road, they are awarded with a bike kit,
including a bike, a helmet, a bike lock and bike tools. More than 500 bikes have been donated so far, and Krugersays the goal is to eventually provide all participants with their own bikes. To date, the group has taught more than
1,400 women and has met in more than 20 locations within Germany, including in emergency shelters.
Participants have said that riding a bike allows them not only freedom of movement — some of the women
use them to bring their children to school—but also hope for the future. Kruger says that she can see the impact that
concentrating on a new skill has on the women. “We can’t replace what someone lost in their life, but we can offer
something new. The success is measured in the smiles of the riders when they conquer another bike skill. She
recalls one student in her 60s who continued to practice through a bitter winter.” She said, “This is a dream for me.
I have been waiting my whole life to do this.”
4．What did the women in Berlin obtain from Bikeygees?
A．Opportunities to learn German. B．Chances to move away from Berlin.
C．Attention to their living conditions. D．Fitness and freedom to get around.
5．Which of the following best describes Annette Kruger?
A．Industrious. B．Innocent. C．Ambitious. D．Careful.
6．What do we learn about the Bikeygees project?
A．It has made large profits. B．It becomes increasingly popular.
C．It offers more bikes than needed. D．It allows beginners to practise individually.
7．Which is a benefit for the participants from the last paragraph?
A．A prospect of future life. B．A movement for women.
C．The capacity to earn money. D．The freedom of their children.
【答案】4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自行车爱好者Annette Kruger创办非营利组织Bikeygees。她通过
一系列举措帮助那些不会自行车的女性学会骑自行车，并从中找到对生活的热爱。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Whether they weren’t allowed or didn’t have the opportunity to learn, these
women had never experienced the health benefits and independence that cycling offers.(无论是不被允许还是没有
机会学习，这些女性都从未体验过骑自行车带来的健康益处和独立性)”以及第三段“That is why, seven
years ago, Kruger started Bikeygees, a non-profit organization focused on teaching women to ride a bike.(这就是
为什么克鲁格在七年前创办了一个非营利组织Bikeygees，专注于教女性骑自行车)”可知，女性能从
Bikeygees中获得健康的身体和外出的自由。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第四段“More than 500 bikes have been donated so far, and Kruger says the goal is to
eventually provide all participants with their own bikes.(到目前为止，已经捐赠了500多辆自行车，克鲁格
说，他们的目标是最终为所有参与者提供自己的自行车)”可推知，Annette Kruger是一个志向远大的人。故
选C。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“To date, the group has taught more than 1,400 women and has met in more than
20 locations within Germany, including in emergency shelters.(到目前为止，该小组已经教了1400多名妇女，
并在德国20多个地点举行了会议，包括在紧急避难所)”可推知，Bikeygees变得越来越受欢迎。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Participants have said that riding a bike allows them not only freedom of
movement—some of the women use them to bring their children to school—but also hope for the future.(参与者说，骑自行车不仅让她们行动自由——一些妇女骑着自行车送孩子上学——而且让她们对未来充满希望)”
可知，学会骑自行车不仅让这些女性的出行变得方便，还能为参与者带来对未来生活的希望。故选A。
Passage10
（2024·河北·三模）Many biologists are drawn to ocean animals like sea turtles and whales. For me, the
pale, blind creatures in the world’s darkest caves are more attractive. As an underwater cave ecologist, I find and
name new species. I have described eight new species of sponges (海绵物种) so far, seven of which live only in
caves. Sometimes I count the population of organisms to see how their numbers change over time. I also study how
different species interact with one another and their environment.
When I start diving with my team members, there’s natural light around us, but as we div e farther, it turns
dark, and we switch on our lights and follow the cave line — a thin thread explorers leave behind for divers to find
their way in and out of the cave. While some caves are just a few meters long, some stretch over 300 kilometers and
could be deeper than 50 meters. Diving at this depth, you might fall in narcosis,a state where the brain feels like it’s
on a high, similar to being drunk. We might run into trouble an hour or so away from the cave entrance.
But the mysterious (神秘的) world we see inside is worth the risk. I remember diving into El Aerolito Cave
on Cozumel Island in Mexico, where I recorded 101 species. My most exciting encounter to date has been with
remipedes — poisonous wormlike creatures found only in underwater caves. It took me around 200 dives before I
came face to face with about 15 of them hidden deep in the caves of Cozumel.
These delicate ecosystems are rapidly changing due to water pollution, climate change, and construction
activities. We might lose the many life forms in these deep, dark worlds before we can even begin to understand
them. I’m determined to explore all I can while they still exist. I’m taking advanced diving lessons and learning
new laboratory techniques so that I can go even deeper into understanding this environment.
1．What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 1?
A．His job duties.
B．His travel experiences.
C．His wide-ranging interests.
D．His concern over the environment.
2．What do cave explorers leave behind for the cave ecologists?
A．The cave line.
B．The head lights.
C．The life supplies.
D．The measuring tools.
3．What can be inferred about the author in El Aerolito Cave?
A．He found polluted water.
B．He made amazing discoveries.
C．He defeated poisonous creatures.
D．He got into trouble far from the entrance.
4．Which of the following can best describe the author?A．Honest and curious. B．Generous and humble.
C．Brave and determined. D．Sympathetic and helpful.
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者作为一名水下洞穴生态学家的工作经历和他对洞穴生态系统的
研究。
1．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“As an underwater cave ecologist, I find and name new species. I have
described eight new species of sponges (海绵物种) so far, seven of which live only in caves. Sometimes I count the
population of organisms to see how their numbers change over time. I also study how different species interact with
one another and their environment.”（作为一名水下洞穴生态学家，我发现并命名新物种。到目前为止，我
已经描述了八种新的海绵物种，其中七种只生活在洞穴中。有时我会计算生物的数量，看看他们的数量随
时间的变化。我还研究不同物种之间以及他们与环境的相互作用。）可知，作者在第一段主要讲述了他的
工作职责。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“we switch on our lights and follow the cave line — a thin thread explorers
leave behind for divers to find their way in and out of the cave.”（我们打开灯，跟随洞穴线走——这是探险者
留给潜水者的一条细线，让他们找到进出洞穴的路。）可知，洞穴探险者留下的是洞穴线。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I remember diving into El Aerolito Cave on Cozumel Island in Mexico,
where I recorded 101 species. My most exciting encounter to date has been with remipedes — poisonous wormlike
creatures found only in underwater caves. ”（我记得在墨西哥科苏梅尔岛的El Aerolito洞穴潜水，我在那里记
录了101种物种。迄今为止，我最激动人心的遭遇是与浆足虫类——一种只在水下洞穴中发现的有毒蠕虫
状生物。）可知，作者在El Aerolito洞穴做了惊人的发现。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I’m determined to explore all I can while they still exist. I’m taking
advanced diving lessons and learning new laboratory techniques so that I can go even deeper into understanding
this environment.”（我决心在它们还存在的时候尽我所能去探索。我正在接受高级潜水课程，并学习新的
实验室技术，以便我可以更深入地理解这个环境。）可知，身为水下洞穴生态学家的作者是勇敢和坚定的。
故选C。
2024年
Passage 1
【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针
灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his
coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a
small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining
traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became
interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing
drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that heimproved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So,
after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she
was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to
keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more
easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication,
he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from
30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal.
That’s my job.”
24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him?
A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude.
25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets?
A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners.
26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work.
C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association?
A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance.
C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用
于动物，并取得了初步成效。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers
occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑
他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he
improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So,
after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一
种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的
病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针
灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a
heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering somuch that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse,
Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有
严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的
狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎
按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体
医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒
适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with
time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary
Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，
如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到
700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从
30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。
Passage 2
【2024北京卷】When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at
home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped
individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns.
In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since. I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the
art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low
grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless.
But other channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions
often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made
painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldn’t let myself have a go at actually doing it.
Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil
painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice.
One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me, handed me a bag of paints, and
told me to start painting. The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back
something I’d lost. Accordingly, I started by experimenting with water colours. Finally, I bought some oil paints.
Although I have enjoyed breaking my decades-long taboo about working with oil paints, I have discovered I
now prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn into cartoons I send to friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-
anxious. This time around, I can accept my limitations but keep going.
Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much.
That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments.
24. How did the author feel about the result of the art exam?
A. Scared. B. Worried. C. Discouraged. D. Wronged.
25. In her 30s, the author _________.
A. avoided oil painting practice B. sought for a painting careerC. fancied abstract painting D. exhibited child paintings
26. Which word would best describe the author’s dream?
A. Confusing. B. Empowering.
C. Disturbing. D. Entertaining.
27. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Hard work is the mother of success.
C. Dreams are the reflections of realities. D. Creative activities involve being confident.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直喜欢绘画，但中学时由于油画测试成绩较低，作者
对绘画失去了信心。在40岁出头时，一个梦让作者重拾画油画的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-
confident. Now I’d been declared talentless.(我觉得很难，但仍希望能通过测试。我没有通过，而且成绩很低。
我过于自信了。现在，我被宣布为毫无(油画)天赋的人了)”并结合下文中作者多年不碰油画的经历可推知，
作者对美术考试的结果感到气馁。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art.(在我30多
岁时，我结交了画家朋友们，学到了看待艺术的新方法)”和“Though these new friends were abstract painters
using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed
to practice. (虽然这些新朋友是使用油画颜料的抽象画师，或者是版画家或雕塑家，但我把油画作为禁忌的
高级形式，不允许我练习)”可知，作者在30多岁时回避练习油画。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me
back something I’d lost. (这个梦给我的感觉是如此的权威，它震撼了我。它是能量的一种形式，让我回我失
去了的东西)”可知，作者的梦赋予作者练习油画的力量。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid
of wanting too much. (成为一名成功的画家需要有决心。我意识到我总是害怕想要得太多)”及文章内容可
知，本文主要讲述了作者一直喜欢绘画，但中学时由于油画测试成绩较低，作者对绘画失去了信心。在40
岁出头时，一个梦让作者重拾画油画的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。由此可推知，我们能从文章中学
到创作活动需要自信，故选D。
Passage 3
【2024 浙江 1 月卷】When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone
,
call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose
was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to
impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and litcandles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”.
As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked
outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory
Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time
to get back in before the actors arrived.
As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public
telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by
can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.
For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be
stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous
books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to
experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great
books!
If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect
me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me.
4. What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to?
A. The play. B. The shared house.
C. The sofa. D. The telephone box.
5. Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006?
A. To place an urgent call. B. To put up a notice.
C. To shelter from the rain. D. To hold an audition.
6. What do we know about the “mini community library”?
A. It provides phone service for free. B. Anyone can contribute to its collection.
C. It is popular among young readers. D. Books must be returned within a month.
7. Why did the author start to use the “library”?
A. He wanted to borrow some love stories.
B. He was encouraged by a close neighbour.
C. He found there were excellent free books.
D. He thought it was an ideal place for reading.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。随着手机的普及，电话亭渐渐地被人们遗忘，作者家附近的最后一个电话亭被
改造成了“迷你图书馆”，作者偶然发现那里有很多不错的免费书籍，这让作者觉得很棒。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段第五句“I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in
London.(我当时在伦敦我那狭小的合租房子里为我的剧本进行试演。)”可知，此处是指使“我”的合租房
看起来更“年轻专业”一点，所以it代指“合租房”。故选B。
【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing
agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.(所以，我打电
话给电话查号台，接通了女房东的经纪人，他们给了我一把备用钥匙，刚好来得及在演员们到来之前回
去。)”可知，作者在2006年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any
passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own
collection.(最后一个被改造成了一个“迷你社区图书馆”：任何路过的人都可以从它的书架上“借”书，
以后还回来，或者用自己收藏的另一本书来替换。)”可知，任何人都可以为“迷你社区图书馆”的捐赠图
书。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后四句“Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous
books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to
experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great
books!(然后我注意到福克正在进行春季大扫除，把各种主题的大书一箱箱地扔到那里。而且这些书是免费
的。这个无与伦比的价格点鼓励我尝试许多我通常不会考虑购买的标题。我还发现了一些很棒的书！)”可
知，作者发现“迷你图书馆”里有很多免费的很棒的书，所以开始使用。故选C。
Passage 4
Passage 5
Passage 6
Passage 7
Passage 8
2023年
Passage 1
【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house,
observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through
plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could
be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking
questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing
chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way
nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he
constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and
streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these
different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added thesludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to
eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
,
Over the years John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage
(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a
city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for
the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these
new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
7. What is the basis for John’s work?
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用
自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house,
observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through
plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could
be used to clean up the messes people were making.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的
树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变
得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying
agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can
certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?(在大学学习了
农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？
哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as
food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感到
惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”
可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-
like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to
clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类
似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城
市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you
let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然
后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
Passage 2
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for
middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban
Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science
skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food
restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of
soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though
some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil
testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year,
students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say
they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that
they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming
effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,”
she says, “and they feel successful.”
4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?
A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family.
C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes.
C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens.6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program?
A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable.
C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，
环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生通过体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban
Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位
老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts
的发起者。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are
awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something
new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，
对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选
C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so
interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the
garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional
control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。
有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特
殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成
功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情
绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban
Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science
skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在
四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和
健康的生活方式。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养
学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。因此推断B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
Passage 3
【2023年全国乙卷】 Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景)
can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation.
Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find
distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours
away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the
countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.
Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the
right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed
plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英)
rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to
photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We
managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the
route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting
lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots
though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
4. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest?
A. By teaming up with other photographers. B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks.
C. By studying the geographical conditions. D. By creating settings in the corn fields.
5. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author?
A. Proper time management. B. Good shooting techniques.
C. Adventurous spirit. D. Distinctive styles.
6. What can we infer from the author trip with friends to Devil’s Lake?
A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.
B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.
C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected.
D. They had problems with their emipment.
7. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake?
A. Amusing. B. Satisfying.
C. Encouraging. D. Comforting.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go
on adventures and take photos along the way. (我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿途拍照)”可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they
could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这
些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更
好)”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing
the sunset entirely. (然而，我们没有标出路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落)”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔
鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they
could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这
些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更
好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。
Passage 4
【2023年全国甲卷】Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up
shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26,
accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money. She
says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout
the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”
Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from
losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always
like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a
room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more
than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average
spend per project will be around £823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth
wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research
shows it is women now leading the charge.
24. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1?
A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer.
25. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £5 a day?
A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for her work.
C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby.
26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?
A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself.C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
27. What trend in DIY does the research show?
A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming.
C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位DIY高手Terri Boltonis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女
性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she
never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己
能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri Boltonis是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近
画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the
age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with
£ 5 in pocket money. (她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的
Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“It took weeks and
is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. (这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，
但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选
B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid
any charges when I’ve moved out. (所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用
是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故
选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“the research shows it is women now leading the charge (研究表明，现在是
女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。
Passage 5
【2023年北京卷】Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart
raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and
“the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…”and my vision
blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research
programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for.
I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the
road for my science career.So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme,
invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally
shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab.
What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.
I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely.
That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived
the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue.
When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired
research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that
had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from
sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited
about.
Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered,
even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them.
24. How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name?
A. Anxious. B. Angry. C. Surprised. D. Settled.
25. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________.
A. criticise the review process B. stay longer in the Sahara Desert
C. apply to the original project again D. put his heart and soul into the lab work
26. According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________.
A. demanding B. inspiring C. misleading D. amusing
27. What can we learn from this passage?
A. An invitation is a reputation. B. An innovation is a resolution.
C. A rejection can be a redirection. D. A reflection can be a restriction.
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的
拒绝给予了更好的方向。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr
Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are
sorry to inform you…”and my vision blurred (模糊). (当我看到邮件发件人的名字时，我的心跳加速了。这封
邮件是这样开头的：“亲爱的格林先生，感谢您的关注”，“审核过程比预期的要长。”信的结尾是“我
们很抱歉地通知你……”，我的视线模糊了)”可知，收到的是被拒绝的邮件，所以推测作者在看到电子邮
件发件人的名字时感到焦虑。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was
running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a fewweeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I
could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was
going to give it my all. (因此，当我收到这封邮件后不久，负责这个项目的玛丽·德文教授邀请我去她的实
验室观察正在进行的工作时，我感到非常震惊。我欣然接受了这个机会，几周后，当她邀请我和她谈谈我
可以在她的实验室里从事的潜在项目时，我同样感到震惊——同时也是欣喜若狂。她提出的建议似乎没有
我最初申请的项目那么令人兴奋，但我打算全力以赴)”可知，与德文教授交谈后，作者决定全心全意地投
入实验室工作。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data
from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the
desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new
scientific interest to pursue. (我发现自己和一个机器人教授一起研究从沙漠中远程收集数据的技术。我可以
在沙发上完成这个项目，而不是在沙漠的酷热中完成，它不仅在封锁期间幸存下来，而且在传统方法不奏
效的地方也奏效了。最后，我有了新的科学兴趣去追求)”可推知，机器人学教授的项目很鼓舞人心。故选
B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the
opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. (我明白了
有时候我需要抓住提供 的机会，即使这些机会在当时听起来并不完美，也要充分利用，而不是一成不变地
制定计划)”结合文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更
好的方向。故C选项“拒绝可以是重定向”最符合文章的主旨。故选C。
Passage6
【2023 年浙江 1 月卷】Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if
you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that
bandwagon.
I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my
parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned
a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out
how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.
Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea
Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days
later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to
carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.
Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my
own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able
to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a
bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, butyou may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.
As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment
on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on
board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged.
So here is my advice: Lead by action.
24．What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph?
A．Share an apartment with you. B．Join you in what you’re doing.
C．Transform your way of living. D．Help you to make the decision.
25．What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars?
A．He disapproved of it. B．He was favorable to it.
C．He was tolerant of it. D．He didn’t care about it.
26．What can we infer about the author?
A．She is quite good at cooking. B．She respects others’ privacy.
C．She enjoys being a housewife. D．She is a determined person.
27．What is the text mainly about?
A．How to get on well with other family members.
B．How to have one’s own personal space at home.
C．How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.
D．How to control the budget when buying groceries.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．D 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。
24．词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not
everyone around you will be ready to(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备
好)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if
you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个
过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改
变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入
这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jump on that bandwagon与Join you in what you’re doing.(加入你正在做的事
情)意思接近。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and
my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.(几天后，
我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推
知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was
within my own reach. (然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps your
household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make
the changes you desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not
everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不
是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though,
which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-
always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭
中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费
的生活方式。故选C。
2022年记叙文
Passage1
【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia
tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.
This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday.
I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.
Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he
reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the
page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid?
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the
boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He
thought my storybook was like that.
Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your
grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce
audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera,
since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal
story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.
Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I
will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.
4. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Provided shelter for me. B. Became very clear to me.
C. Took the pressure off me. D. Worked quite well on me.
5. Why did the kid poke the storybook?
A. He took it for a tablet computer. B. He disliked the colorful pictures.
C. He was angry with his grandpa. D. He wanted to read it by himself.
6. What does the author think of himself?
A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive.C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent.
7. What can we learn about the author as a journalist?
A. He lacks experience in his job. B. He seldom appears on television.
C. He manages a video department. D. He often interviews internet stars.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童
读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools.
Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal. ”以及画线词后文“as I was sitting
with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. ”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故
事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而
这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。
故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a
tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my
storybook was like that. (事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开
心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故
事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I
edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. (我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，
我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为
自己懂数码技术。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent
little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. (然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差
距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。
Passage 2
【2022年北京卷】My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my
ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at
this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I
did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.
One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation
not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined apre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-
on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.
A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that
this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and
more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth
for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to
completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect
nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.
I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍 )
this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so
many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every
opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our
action.
24. What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety?
A. Her inability to act her age. B. Her habit of consumption.
C. Her desire to be perfect. D. Her lack of inspiration.
25. How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice?
A. She decided to do something for nature. B. She tasted the sweetness of friendship.
C. She learned about the harm of desire. D. She built up her courage to speak up.
26. The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________.
A. intelligent B. confident C. innovative D. critical
27. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Patience is a cure of anxiety.
C. Action is worry’s worst enemy. D. Everything comes to those who wait.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。
24.【解析】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at
whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.(我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根
源：无论我做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我。)”可知，是要求完美
导致了焦虑。故选C项。
25.【解析】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my
high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a
difference in the world. (一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者Grant Brown的演讲。他的演讲不仅让
我感到敬畏和鼓舞，还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为。)”和文章第三段“
Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups
were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a partof a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. (在我收到他的邀请后不久，我的高中就收
到了加入“Youth for Nature”和“Youth for Plane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为
了一个日益壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。)”可知，是Grant Brown让作者开始为从事保护自然
地活动中。故选A项。
26.【解析】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a
growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my
confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都
让我更加自信。)”可知，Alice 加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。故选B项。
27.【解析】
推理判断题。由第一段“ Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do
anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me.”（去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情
的能力。）由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a
growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my
confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都
让我更加自信。)可知，文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。所以从文章中我
们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人。故选C项。
Passage 3
【2022年浙江卷6月】Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone
who had such a lunch was fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my
kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from
those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were
almost as diverse as the students. In front of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language.
Fearing that I would pick out something awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a
recommendation. Unfortunately, between us stood the barrier of language.
Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind
forever. For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much
like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-
speaking ones. As I served the role of vital communication link, I was reminded of my desperate struggle to
converse before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation in
Italian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be
fluent in two languages.
In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse
population. In my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This
work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the
streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity.
1. What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn?
A. Time passed quickly. B. English was hard to learn.C. The food was terrible. D. People were very different.
2. Who does “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer to?
.
A An Italian teacher. B. A government official.
C. The author herself. D. The author’s classmate.
3. How did the summer job benefit the author?
A. It strengthened her love for school. B. It helped sharpen her sense of direction.
C. It opened her eyes to the real world. D. It made her childhood dream come true.
【答案】l.D 2.C 3.C
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界
的多样性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。
1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my
kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from
those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁
克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，
也有棕色皮肤、深色头发的)”可知，当作者去了在Brooklyn的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。
故选D。
2.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“For the past three summers, I have worked in a government
agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. (过
去的三个夏天，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐
的小女孩一样)”以及第一段第三句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in
a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午
餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，
工作环境让她想到当年自己在幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“This work expanded my mind in ways that are
impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer
confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙
的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，
我会享受它的多样性)”可知，作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。
Passage 4
【2022 年浙江卷 1 月】 For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport
specialist. Her pet transport job was bom of the financial crisis （危机）in the late 2000s. The downturn hit the
real estate （房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left
her looking for a new job. One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost.
She took it home, and her sister in Denver agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure, but 1, 600 miles away.
It didn't take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job.
Merebeth*s pet delivery service also satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her to every state in the US except
Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet
with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers. She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming, heavyflooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas.
This wanderlust is inherited from her father, she says. She moved their family from Canada to California when
she was one year old, because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated from high
school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast, away from her parents, where she enjoyed
a life of sailing and off-road biking.
It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30, 000 per year before tax. She doesn't work in
summer, as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning. As autumn comes,
she gets restless—the same old wanderlust returning. It’s a call she must heed alone, though. Merebeth says,
*'When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly
that I mush help animals.
1. Why did Merebeth changed her job?
A. She wanted to work near her home.
B. She was tired of working in the office.
C. Her sister asked her to move to Denver.
D. Her former employer was out of business.
2. The word "wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire to ?
A. make money. B. try various jobs.
C. be close to nature. D. travel to different places.
3 What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job?
A. She has chances to see rare animals.
B. She works hard throughout the year.
C. She relies on herself the whole time.
D. She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
【答案】l.D 2.D 3.C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Merebeth从事的新工作。近十年来，她一直是一名自营宠物运输专
家。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中 “ The downturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had worked for ten
years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.（她曾在一家房地产公司做
了 10 年 的办公室经理，经济低迷打击了这家公司。公司破产了，她只好另寻新工作）”，可知，
Merebeth之所以换 工作，是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选D。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中 “ It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and
Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there.
She travels in all weathers.（她自豪地说，除了蒙大拿州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州，她走遍了美国所有的州。
如果她想去一个新 的地方，她只需要找到一个有交通需要的宠物。她风雨无阻地旅行）”，可知，划线
词的意思是“渴望去不 同的地方旅行”。故选D。【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been
independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I mush help animals.（当我在路上的时候，我只是在自己的世
界 里。我一直很独立，我强烈地觉得我必须帮助动物）”，可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠
自己。 故选C。
Passage 5
【2022年浙江卷6月】Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone
who had such a lunch was fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my
kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from
those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were
almost as diverse as the students. In front of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language.
Fearing that I would pick out something awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a
recommendation. Unfortunately, between us stood the barrier of language.
Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind
forever. For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much
like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-
speaking ones. As I served the role of vital communication link, I was reminded of my desperate struggle to
converse before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation in
Italian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be
fluent in two languages.
In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse
population. In my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This
work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the
streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity.
1. What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn?
A. Time passed quickly. B. English was hard to learn.
C. The food was terrible. D. People were very different.
2. Who does “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer to?
.
A An Italian teacher. B. A government official.
C. The author herself. D. The author’s classmate.
3. How did the summer job benefit the author?
A. It strengthened her love for school. B. It helped sharpen her sense of direction.
C. It opened her eyes to the real world. D. It made her childhood dream come true.
【答案】l.D 2.C 3.C
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界
的多样性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。
1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my
kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged fromthose kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁
克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，
也有棕色皮肤、深色头发的)”可知，当作者去了在Brooklyn的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。
故选D。
2.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“For the past three summers, I have worked in a government
agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. (过
去的三个夏天，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐
的小女孩一样)”以及第一段第三句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in
a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午
餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，
工作环境让她想到当年自己在幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“This work expanded my mind in ways that are
impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer
confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙
的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，
我会享受它的多样性)”可知，作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。
Passage 6
【2022年天津卷第二次】I’m an 18-year-old pre-medical student, tall nd good-looking, with two short story
books and quite a number of essays my credit. Why am I singing such praises of myself? Just to explain that he
attainment of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love, and to attain it, one must first learn to accept oneself
as one is. That was where my struggle began.
Born and raised in Africa，I had always taken my African origin as burden. My self-dislike was further fueled
when my family had to relocate to Norway, where I attended a high school. Compared to all the white girls around
me, with their golden hair and delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nose often had a thin
sheet of sweat on it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted to bury myself in my shell crying “I’m so different!”
What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering (口吃), which had weakened my self-
confidence. It always stood between me and any fine opportunity. I’d taken it as an excuse to avoid any public
speaking sessions, and unknowingly let it rule over me.
Fortunately, as I grew older, there came a turning point. One day a white girl caught my eye on the school bus
when she suddenly turned back. To my astonishment, she had a thin sheet of sweat on her nose too, and it was in
November! “Wow,” I whispered to myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disorder after all. It’s perfectly normal.”
Days later, my life took an-other twist(转折). Searching the internet for stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that
such famous people as Isaac Newton and Winston Churchill also stuttered. I was greatly relieved and then an idea
suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I shouldn’t allow my stuttering to stand between me and my success.
Another boost to my self-confidence came days later as I was watching the news about Oprah Winfrey, the
famous talkshow host and writer—she’s black too! Whenever I think of her story and my former dislike of my
color, I’m practically filled with shame.
Today, I’ve grown to accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me feeling of uniqueness. The idea of self-love has taken on a whole new meaning for me: there’s always something fantastic about us, and what w need to do
is learn to appreciate it.
41. What affected the author’s adjustment to her school life in Norway!
A. Her appearance
B. Social discrimɪnation.
C. Her changing emotions.
D. The climate in Norway.
42. What did the author’s occasional stuttering bring about according on Paragraph 3?
A. Her lack of self-confidence.
B. Her loss of interest in school.
C. Her unwillingness to greet her classmates.
D. Her desire for chances to improve herself.
43. How did the author feel on noticing the similarity between her and ne girl on the bus?
A. Blessed and proud.
B. Confused and afraid.
C. Amazed and relieved.
D. Shocked and ashamed.
44. What lesson did the author learn from the cases of Newton and Churchill?
A. Great minds speak alike.
B. Stuttering is no barrier to success.
C. Wisdom counts more than hard work.
D. Famous people can’t live with their weaknesses.
45. What can best summarize the message contained in the passage?
A. Pride comes before a fall.
B. Where there is a will, there is a way.
C. Self-acceptance is based on the love for oneself.
.
D Self-love is key to the attainment of self-pride.
【答案】41. A 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者在非洲长大的经历，在成长的过程中作者意识到一个人要获得
自尊就要首先学会接受自己本来的面目。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中第二段“Compared to all the white girls around me, with their golden hair and delicate
lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nose often had a thin sheet of sweat on it, whatever the
weather was. I just wanted to bury myself in my shell crying “I’m so different!”(与我周围所有有着金色头发和精
致嘴唇的白人女孩相比，我，一个黑人女孩，有着卷曲的头发和饱满的红唇。无论天气如何，我的鼻子上
经常有一层薄薄的汗水。我只想把自己埋在壳里哭着“我太不一样了！”)”可知，作者的外表与其他的孩
子不同，这使得作者不容易适应学校的生活。故选A项。【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering(口吃),
which had weakened my self-confidence.(导致我自我厌恶的还有我偶尔的口吃，这削弱了我的自信心。)”可
知，作者的口吃导致作者失去了自信。故选A项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。文中第四段提到“To my astonishment, she had a thin sheet of sweat on her nose too, and it was in
November!(令我惊讶的是，她的鼻子上也有薄薄的汗水，而且是在十一月！)”可知，作者见到小女孩儿感
到很惊讶，根据句子中““Wow,” I whispered to myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disorder after all. It’s
perfectly normal.”(“哇，”我低声对自己说，“这毕竟不是遗传疾病。这很正常。”)”可知，作者此刻感到
很放松。故选C项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I
shouldn’t allow my stuttering to stand between me and my success.(我大大地松了一口气，然后一个想法突然出
现在我脑海中——如果我聪明，我不应该让我的口吃阻碍我和我的成功。)”可知,作者意识到口吃不应该是
自己成功的障碍。故选B项。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Just to explain that he attainment of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love,
and to attain it, one must first learn to accept oneself as one is. That was where my struggle began.(只是为了解释
他获得自尊来自大量的自爱，而要获得它，一个人必须首先学会接受自己的本来面目。这就是我挣扎开始
的地方。)”可知，本文要讲述的是作者在经历中感悟到要想有自尊，首先要自爱。故选D项。
2021年记叙文
Passage1
【2021年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare on stage beside pianist Maria
Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so
I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four
years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the
flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure
you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to
50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has
their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for
the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said,
“Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once
asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I
have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner?
A. Read music. B. Play the piano.
C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage?
A. Boring. B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding. D. Dangerous.
26. What does Titterton need to practise?
A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”.
C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style.
27. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worse page turner”?
.
A He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience.
C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的Robert Titterton和他的工作情况。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her
performance.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演中帮助她)”可知，
Titterton因为识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages
at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.(这项工作需要
很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为
钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Titterton的工作要求是很高的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of
“nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每
个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Titterton需要和钢琴演
奏者练习识别他们的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’(他
对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，Ms Raspopova的丈夫
因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选 D项。
Passage 2
【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and
Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it
to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us
really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them
into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there
was absolutely no risk.
As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were
asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the
morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.
Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were
some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a
bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.
When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we
knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan
was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.
I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time
that we had them.
4. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home?
A. To ensure their survival. B. To observe their differences.
C. To teach them life skills. D. To let them play with his kids.
5. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Behave badly. B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly. D. Miss their mom.
6. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home?
A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Costly. D. Risky.
7. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo?
A. They frightened the children. B. They became difficult to contain.
C. They annoyed the neighbours. D. They started fighting each other.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。介绍
了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided
to give them round-the-clock care at home. (在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我决定在家里全天候照顾它们)”可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保他们的存活。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the
day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd ”（随着它们的活动越来
越多，我们白天让它们在房子里自由活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们必须把它们关在一个大房间里，否则它
们会）以及后文“We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking
like a zoo.”（我们早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，让它看起来像个动物园。）可知，作者不得
不把老虎们关在一个大房间里，否则它们就会调皮捣蛋，表现不好。早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七
八糟，看起来像个动物园。故画线词意思是“表现不好”。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to
look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired.(由于需要大量的精力来照顾它们，
事情很快变得非常紧张。有一段艰难的日子，我只是觉得非常累)”可推知，作者认为在家里养小老虎累人。
故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open
doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go.(当Spot和Stripe四个月大的时候，他们
正在学习如何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了)”可知，作者决定把Spot 和Stripe送回动物
园是因为他们变得难以控制。故选B。
Passage 3
【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was named the World's
Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.
Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom
revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the
arts in our schools.”
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-
coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children.
Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School, her place of work for the past twelve years. “I've
seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and
their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . more than ever in our schools."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact
with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to
see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not
just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young.
What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our
visionary sense of freshness,that has been our strength for centuries."8. What will Zafirakou do with her prize money?
A. Make a movie. B. Build new schools.
C. Run a project. D. Help local musicians.
9. What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools?
A. It is particularly difficult. B. It increases artists' income.
C. It opens children's mind. D. It deserves greater attention.
10. What should be stressed in school education according to Schama?
A. Moral principles. B. Interpersonal skills.
C. Creative abilities. D. Positive worldviews.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Bring Artists to Schools B. When Historians Meet Artists
C. Arts Education in Britain D. The World's Best Arts Teacher
.
【答案】8 C 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国一名女子在被评为世界最佳教师后获得了 100万英镑的奖金，
她将用这笔奖金发起一个项目，让艺术家进入学校。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to
bring about a classroom revolution. “We are going to make a change,” she said. “I’ve started a project to promote
the teaching of the arts in our schools.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(Andria Zafirakou)表示，她想
掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教
学。”）”可知，Zafirakou打算用自己的奖金运行一个项目。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of
any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire
children.（许多学校很难让任何类型的艺术家——无论是当地崭露头角的音乐家还是主要的电影明星——
进入学校，与孩子们一起工作并激励他们，因此才有了这个项目。）”可知，Craig-Martin认为，英国学
校的艺术教学尤其困难。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity
depends on the young.（这是绝对必要的。未来取决于创造力，而创造力取决于年轻人。）”可知，Schama
认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafirakou, a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to
bring about a classroom revolution. “We are going to make a change,”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the
teaching of the arts in our schools.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(Andria Zafirakou)表示，她想掀
起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，文章讲述了Andria Zafirakou用自己的奖金启动了一个项目，将艺术家带进学校，促进艺
术教学。故选A。
Passage 4
【2021年全国甲卷】When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow,
London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my
beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous
crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our
own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when
trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came
over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards
loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less
welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've
traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners
stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to
the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me.
He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years
ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
8. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?
A. He felt disappointed. B. He gave up his hobby.
C. He liked the weather there. D. He had disagreements with his family.
9. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?
A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don't worry!
10. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?
A. To join the skateboarding. B. To make new friends.
C. To learn more tricks. D. To relive his childhood days
11. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A. Children should learn a second language.
.
B Sport is necessary for children's health.
C. Children need a sense of belonging
D. Seeing the world is a must for children.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于记叙文。本文讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的
地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved
beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，
没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措)”可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能
很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧，故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. (那才是真正重
要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友
大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义，结合选项，故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““I was a local here 20 years ago," I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his
head. “Safe, man. Safe.””(我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你
好！”)”可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆，故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板
的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑
板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找
到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的，故选C。
Passage 5
【2021年北京卷】I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our
semester（学期） project of volunteering at a non-profit organization．When the teacher introduced us to the
different organizations that needed our help，my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first
impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in
mind．
Then，an OIC representative gave us some details，which somewhat interested me．After doing some
research， I believed that we could really do something for those kids．When I went online to the OIC website，I
saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望）
and need that I joined this project without hesitation．We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible，
and make them into kits——one kit，one child．
The most rewarding day for our group was project day，when all the efforts we put into collecting the items
finally came together．When I saw the various supplies we had collected，it hit me that every kit we were to build
that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child．Over the past four months，I had never imagined how
I would feel once our project was completed．While making the kits，I realized that I had lost sight of the true
meaning behind it．I had only focused on the fact that it was another school project and one I wanted to get a good
grade on．When the kits were completed，and ready to be sent overseas，the warm feeling I had was one I would
never forget．In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person．Now that our project is
over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will
now be able to further their education．
24. How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning？
A. It would affect his/her initial plans．
B. It would involve traveling overseas．
.
C It would not bring him/her a good grade．
D. It would not live up to his/her expectations．
25. What mainly helped the author change his/her attitude toward the project？
A. Images of Iraqi children． B. Research by his/her classmates．
C. A teacher's introduction． D. A representative's comments．
26. The author's OIC project group would help ten Iraqi children to________．.
A. become OIC volunteers B. further their education
C. study in foreign countries D. influence other children
27. What can we conclude from this passage？
A. One's potential cannot always be underrated．
B. First impression cannot always be trusted．
C. Actions speak louder than words．
D. He who hesitates is lost．
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者一开始认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望，但是最后通
过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help，
my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impression of the organization was that it was not
going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind．”（当老师向我们介绍了需要
我们帮助的不同组织时，我最后的选择是伊拉克儿童行动(OIC)。我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我
心中的计划产生足够的影响。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望。故选
D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When I went online to the OIC website，I saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their
faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望） and need that I joined this project without
hesitation．”（当我上网访问OIC 网站时，我看到了伊拉克儿童的照片。他们的脸上传递的信息是绝望和
需要帮助，我毫不犹豫地加入了这个项目。）可知，伊拉克儿童图片帮助作者改变了他对这个项目的态度。
故选A。
【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but
ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．”（现在我们的项
目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且影响了十个人的生活。在我们的努力下，10名男孩
和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知，作者的伊拉克儿童行动组织帮助十个伊拉克儿童继续接受教育。
故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a
difference with the plans I had in mind．”（我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我心中的计划产生足够
的影响。）和最后一段“In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another
person．Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，
ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．”（一开始，我鼓励自己去改变另一个人
的生活。现在我们的项目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且影响了十个人的生活。在我
们的努力下，十名男孩和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动不
会达到他的期望，但是最后通过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。故选B。
Passage 6
【2021年浙江卷6月】Leslie Nielsen’s childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star
in his life — his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen
to make a career (职业) in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved
forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few
years later in 1948. However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight
years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
But even then, what he had wasn’t quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but
his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn’t until 1980 — 32 years into his
career — that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second
half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie
reviewers would not rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always
,
felt he should do but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role
or challenge might be just around the comer. He never stopped working, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen’s devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little
more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can
make for a remarkable life.
1. Why did Nielsen want to be an actor?
A. He enjoyed watching movies. B. He was eager to earn money.
.
C. He wanted to be like his uncle D. He felt he was good at acting.
2. What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career?
A. He directed some high quality movies. B. He avoided taking on new challenges.
C. He focused on playing dramatic roles. D. He became a successful comedy actor.3. What does Nielsen’s career story tell us?
A. Art is long, life is short. B. He who laughs last laughs longest.
C. It’s never too late to learn. D. Where there’s a will there’s a way.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Leslie Nielsen的演艺生涯。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一段“his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle
earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting. (他的叔叔，是一位著名的演员。Nielsen的叔叔所赢得的钦
佩和尊重激励他走上了演艺事业)”可知，Nielsen想当演员的原因是想像他叔叔一样。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第二段“That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic
presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. (这部
电影使他进入了职业生涯的后半段，即使影评人对这部电影评价不高，但仅仅凭他的喜剧表演就可以使这
部电影获得经济上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen职业生涯的后半段，他成了一个成功的喜剧演员。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章最后一段“He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain
old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a
remarkable life. (他凭借平凡的努力和决心建立了一个非常成功的事业。他告诉我们，即使是只有一个愿望，
永不放弃，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen的职业经历告诉我们：有志者事竟成。故选D项。
Passage 7
【2021年浙江卷6月】We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parts less than 10 minutes’ walk
from home where neighborhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick
up a screen — any screen — and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today's children spend an average of four
and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to
counter this trend. A couple of years ago film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three,
were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say “chocolate” into his three-year-old son’s ear without
getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed
himself “marketing director from Nature”. He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to
be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World
Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
“Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference,” David Bond says. “There is a lot of really interesting
evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will
be on habit for life.” His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: “We just send them out into
the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while.”
Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let
us get them out and let them play.4. What is the problem with the author’s children?
A. They often annoy their neighbours. B. They are tired of doing their homework.
C. They have no friends to play with D. They stay in front of screens for too long.
5. How did David Bond advocate his idea?
A. By making a documentary film. B. By organizing outdoor activities.
C. By advertising in London media. D. By creating a network of friends.
6. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “charts” in paragraph 2?
A. records B. predicts C. delays D. confirms
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Let Children Have Fun B. Young Children Need More Free Time
C. Market Nature to Children D. David Bond: A Role Model for Children
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了电影制作人 David Bond为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的
旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen — any
screen — and stare at it for hours. (然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它
看几个小时)”可知，作者的孩子在屏幕前呆的时间太长了。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marked to
young people. (他记录了他的旅程，他开始把大自然当作一个品牌，让年轻人看到)”可知，David Bond通过
拍一个纪录片宣传他的想法。故选A项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“a film”可知，本句主语是一部电影，下文“the birth of the World Network
(世界网络的诞生)”解释了这部电影的主旨。由此推知，划线词charts意为“记录、描绘”，与“records”意
思一致。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be
marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World Network,
a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature. (他把自己的旅行记录下来，
开始把自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。其结果是Project Wild Thing，一部记录了World Network (世界
网络)诞生的电影，World Network (世界网络)是以让孩子们接触大自然为共同目标的团体)”可推知，本文主
要讲述了电影制作人David Bond为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销
给年轻人。由此可知，C项Market Nature to Children(把自然推销给年轻人)适合作本文标题。故选C项。
Passage 8
【2021年浙江卷1月】 More than 25 years ago, Saroo Brierley lived in rural（农村）India. One day, heplayed with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found himself alone, the 4-year-old
decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.
That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and
then in an orphanage（孤儿院）. There, he was adopted by an Australian family and flown to Tasmania.
As he writes in his new book, A Long Way Home, Brierley couldn't help but wonder about his hometown back
in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn't know his town's name, finding a small neighborhood in a
vast country proved to be impossible.
Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program's
satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a town's
central business district from a bird's-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the three-
platform train station”—and there it was. "And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain"-and there it
was. Everything just started to match.
When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance.
"There's something about me, " he thought—and it took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she
used to look like.
In an interview Brierley says, "My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and
walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know, it was
like a nuclear fusion（核聚变）. I just didn't know what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother would
ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her. ”
1．Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago?
A．He got on a train by mistake.
B．He got lost while playing in the street.
C．He was taken away by a foreigner.
D．He was adopted by an Australian family.
2．How did Brierley find his hometown?
A．By analyzing old pictures.
B．By travelling all around India.
C．By studying digital maps.
D．By spreading his story via his book.
3．What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview?
A．His love for his mother.
B．His reunion with his mother.
C．His long way back home.
D．His memory of his hometown.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了布尔利小时候意外走失，长大后通过自己努力找回家人的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“When he woke up and found himself alone: the 4-year-old decided hisbrother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.(当他醒来发现自己一个人时：4岁的孩子判断
他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火车上，所以他上了车)”以及第二段中“That train took him a thousand miles
across the country to a totally strange city.(那列火车把他带到了一个千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布尔
利在25年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。通过文章第四段“Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his
hometown in the program’s satellite pictures.(然后他找到了一个数字地图程序。他花了数年时间在该节目的卫
星图片中寻找家乡)”以及“Everything just started to match.(一切都开始匹配了）”可知，布尔利是通过研究
数字地图找到家乡的。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“In an interview Brierley says: “My mother looked so much shorter than I
remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the
chemical in my brain, you know: it was like nuclear fusion（核聚变）. just didn’t know what to say: because I
never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.(在一次采访中，布
尔利说：“我妈妈看起来比我记忆中矮多了。但是她走了出来，朝我走来，我也向着她走去，我的感情、
眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道的：就像发生了核聚变。只是不知道该说些什么：因为我从没想过见到
我母亲会成为现实。我就在这里，站在她面前。)”可知，作者在采访中讲述了他和母亲的团聚。故选B项。
Passage 9
【2021年天津卷第二次】When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need
that I felt to work with language. Having said that, I did not know for a long time what I was looking for. It was not
until I followed this feeling to its source that I discovered I had a passion fbr writing. With some encouragement
from my colleagues, I had one of my poems published. This bit of success, however, was the point where my
problem began.
Back in 1978, I had to travel between three different campuses in the morning, teaching freshman
composition. Afternoons I spent taking my daughter to her ballet and horse-riding lessons. I composed my lectures
on the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned home, there was not enough of me left fbr
writing after a full working day.
As a way out, I decided to get up two hours before my usual time. My alarm was set fbr 5:00 A.M. The first
day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second day I set two clocks, one on my night table,
and one out in the hallway. I had to jump out of bed and run to silence it before my family was awoken. This was
when my morning writing began.
Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many
excuses for not writing. I wrote my poems in this manner for nearly ten years before my first book was published.
When I decided to write a novel, I divided my two hours: the first for poetry, the second fbr fiction. Well or badly, I
wrote at least two pages a day. This is how my novel, The Line of the Sun. was finished. If I had waited to have the
time, I would still be waiting to write my novel.
What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in control. For many people, the initial
sense of urgency to create easily dies away because it requires making the tough decision: taking the time to create,
stealing it from yourself if ifs the only way.
41. What motivated the author to start her writing career?A. Her strong wish to share.
B. Her keen interest in writing.
C. Her urgent need to make a living.
D. Her passionate desire fbr fame.
42. What problem did the author face when she decided to begin her writing?
A. She was too exhausted to write after a busy day.
B. She had trouble in deciding on her writing style.
C. She had to take time to discipline her daughter.
D. She was unsure about her writing skills.
43. Why did the author place an alarm clock in the hallway?
A. In case the clock in her room broke down.
B. In case she failed to hear the ringing.
C. To force herself out of bed.
D. To wake up her family.
44. How did the author manage to finish her novel?
A. By sticking to writing every morning.
B. By writing when her mind was most active.
C. By drawing inspirations from classic novels.
D. By reducing her teaching hours at school.
45. What can we learn from the author's success in her writing career?
A. It is never too late to change your job.
B. Imaginative ideas die away if not taken in time.
C. A tight schedule is no excuse fbr lack of action.
D. Daily life provides ideas fbr creative writing.
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者喜爱写作并制定计划一直坚持下来。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent
need that I felt to work with language.” 当人们问我是如何开始写作的时候，我发现自己在描述一种对语言
的迫切需求。可知，促使作者开始她的写作生涯的原因是她对写作的强烈兴趣。故选B项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When I returned home, there was not enough of me left fbr writing after a full
working day.”当我回到家时，在工作了一整天后，我写东西的精力已经不够了。可知，当作者决定开始写
作时，因为她忙碌了一天之后，她筋疲力尽，无法再写作了。故选A项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The first day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The secondday I set two clocks, one on my night table, and one out in the hallway. ”第一天我把它关掉了，因为我把它放
在触手可及的地方。第二天，我调了两个钟，一个放在床头柜上，一个放在走廊上。可知，作者在走廊里
放了一个闹钟的原因是为了强迫自己起床。故选C项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not
making or accepting many excuses for not writing.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直
到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，作者能够写小说的原因是坚持每天早上写作。故选A项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in
control.”我从摸黑起床工作中得到的是一种掌控一切的感觉。以及文章第四段“Since that first morning in
1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing.”从1978
年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，紧凑的日程并不
是不采取行动的借口。故选C项。
