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考点 3 阅读七选五
阅读七选五之利用位置关系解题（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 三年真题考点分布
考查类别
项目
语篇类型 主题语境 段中 段尾
卷别 段首句
句 句
人与自然·介绍了在室内
种植植物的好处以及如
乙卷 说明文 0 3 2
何选择适宜室内种植的
植物
人与自我·介绍了成为一
甲卷 说明文 1 3 1
个有耐心的人的技巧
2023
2023年1月· 人与社会·如何使坐火车
说明文 1 4 0
浙江卷 旅行尽可能愉快的建议
人与社会·开始艺术之旅
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 1 3 1
的好建议
人与自我·自我原谅的一
新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 0 4 1
些具体方法
新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会·寻找锻炼伙伴 0 4 1
2022 甲卷 说明文 人与社会·外出用餐礼仪 1 3 1
乙卷 说明文 人与社会·如何维持友谊 3 1 1
人与社会·体验巴黎人的
新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 1 4 0
生活
人与社会·旧衣物交换活
2021 甲卷 说明文 1 4 0
动
人与自我·使自己变得有
乙卷 说明文 2 2 1
趣
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于阅读理解中阅读七选五的考查了12次。主要考查：
主旨概括句(文章整体内容)、衔接过渡句(文章结构)和上下文逻辑关系句(细节支撑)三类。其中，上下文逻辑关系
句是考查的重点。
【备考策略】系统归类阅读七选五的方法；熟练掌握阅读技能。
【命题预测】
阅读七选五以说明文为主，其结构非常的鲜明，设空处前后提示信息很明显，考查考生理解语篇整体或者局
部的基本结构，以及上下文的逻辑关系和基本的同义改写能力。说明文阅读七选五将在2024年高考中出现。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】根据段首位置线索解题
1．主旨句：常以段落小标题或段落主题句的形式出现。
2．段落过渡句：空处的答案能够将上一段和下一段的内容连贯起来。
段首设空题解题指导：
①段落标题句：观察其他段落标题的表达形式；段落标题的特点：短小精悍，以祈使句或短语为主；阅读段落内
容提炼中心词，留言体现主旨的原词、同源词、同义词、近义词或反义词。
②段落主题句：认真阅读下文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关词，推断主题句。
③段落间的过渡句：瞻前顾后找线索，正确答案应连贯上一段结尾和下一段内容。
【典例1】（2023年新高考II卷）
·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media
and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic
ability.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【典例2】 (2022·全国乙卷·节选)
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.Although technology might make
day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days.Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of
friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
A．Remember important dates
B．Compensate by writing letters
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【典例3】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of
weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make
you happy.French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】39 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a
handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we
had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率)．You can tell this by café life. French cafés
are always crowded. 40. Not all the customers are tourists.When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour
workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the
number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
1.【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
Every day, a sea of decisions stretches before us. It’s impossible to make a perfect choice every time. But there is one
particularly effective technique to improve our chances: critical thinking.
Prepare your question.
____ 3 6____ For example, if you’re wondering whether to go for fitness, there are many factors that will cloud your
reasons. But, if you know clearly what you can get by body-shaping, that’ll help you decide whether it really suits your
needs.
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects?
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
2.【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
____ 3 9____
Ask yourself why so many people are drawn to countless travel trips or destinations. Even if you disagree with everything
that travel agencies say, exploring the viewpoints might explain why some routes that don’t seem valid to you appeal to
others. This will allow you to explore alternatives, evaluate your own choices, and ultimately help you make more informed
decisions.
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects?
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
3.（2023·辽宁省沈阳市二中模拟试题）
___
It’s easy to give in when your children are losing their tempers. But each time you give them what they want, you teach
your children that their unacceptable acts are an effective way to get their needs met. If you want to raise mentally strong
kids, stick to your limits.
A．Giving in to misbehavior
B．Keeping to your principles
C．Teach them not to give up dreams easily
D．Kids tend to have a wide variety of emotions
E．Therefore, set limits on what you give your children
F．You may think it’s cute to spend more money on your children
G．They are also more likely to struggle with self- confidence issues
二、段中设空题
段中设空题通常考查过渡句和细节句。段中句若位于主题句后，很可能是说明原因、举例证明、分述细化主
题、解释前面句中的某个概念等；位于段落中间可能起衔接作用。要重点阅读空前一句和空后一句，找出它们之
间的逻辑关系，或者根据意义的连贯性得出答案。解题时要特别注意体现时间、原因、方式、转折等逻辑关系的
语篇标志词(关联词)。
段中设空题：
①细节句：设空位于段中，首先阅读选项并画出关键词；然后重点阅读设空处的前一句和后一句，画出关键
词，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；阅读各个选项，标记关键词；比较匹配关键词，确
定答案；利用词汇复现找到答案；利用表并列、转折、递进和因果的关系的关联词找到答案。
②过渡句：阅读空处前后内容，挖掘内在的逻辑关系；阅读各个选项，标记表示转折、并列、递进或因果关
系的关联词；注意词汇复现：同源词、同义词、近义词或反义词复现，不同时态形式的动词等。
【典例1】（2023年新高考I卷）You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That
way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine
through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【典例2】 (2022·全国甲卷·节选)
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules.36.Don't get caught making an
embarrassing mistake at a restaurant. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】family — no matter where you are in the world.
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat
with a utensil in each hand. 38 ， instead preferring to use their hands.In Chile, you may never touch any food with
your fingers.People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
（2023·吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校模拟试题）
Don’t watch or read scary content before bed.
Images-from any exciting or disturbing content you watch before bed can appear in your dreams. 164
Reading the news media and then hopping into bed is more likely to give rise to upsetting dreams than looking through
pictures from your last vacation with your family.
A．Use a white noise machine.
B．Practice stress-relieving activities.
C．A healthy sleep routine begets sound sleep.
D．Instead, try herbal teas and other drinks aiding sleep.
E．How can we reduce nightmares and improve our sleep?
F．During the pandemic, even our everyday lives are looking pretty scary, too.
G．Dreams and rapid eye movement sleep is essential for memory improvement.
三、段尾设空题
1．细节句：①与上文是转折或对比关系；②与上文是并列或递进关系。
2．总结句：用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语，如 therefore、 as a result、 thus、 to sum up、 to
conclude、 in a word等。
3．段落过渡句：此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
段尾设空的题多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。即要么是结论句，要么就是承上启下句。
题型和考查角度：
①结论句：用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
②承上启下句：此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
③细节句：空前一句或两句是重点语句，应该重点阅读；锁定空前重点语句中的高频词汇和体现逻辑关系的
关联词；寻找选项中是否有表逻辑关系的关联词；寻找选项中是否有与上文相同或相似的句式结构。
④过渡句：瞻前顾后找线索；阅读上一段的结尾，结合下一段的开头，留意衔接词和关键词；注意所选答案
是否衔接上下段内容；阅读空前段落内容，抓住主旨，总结空前的内容，并利用词汇复现等技巧选出正确答案。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【典例1】 (2021·1月浙江高考·节选)
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the
line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong.People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking
lot. 31
It turns out, it's just math working against you；chances are, the other line really is faster.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
【典例2】 (2020·全国Ⅰ卷·节选)
·Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain to look at strength before
weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have a job，earned your degree，and you got out of bed
today. 39
A．Feeling upset again?
B．Where do you start?
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start?
【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
Gather your information.
There’s lots of it out there, so having a clear idea of your question will help you determine what’s relevant. If you’re
trying to decide on a diet to improve your nutrition, you may ask an expert for their advice, or seek other people’s
opinions. ____ 3 7____
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects?
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2023·辽宁省抚顺市普通高中第一次模拟】
Patience is a virtue, but it can also be a medicine. People who know how to practice patience enjoy fewer negative
emotions, feel less depressed, and are more satisfied with their lives. ___ 3 6___ That’s why we’re bringing you this guide
to some tips for improving your patience.
Take Up a Patience-Centric Sport
Practicing patience doesn’t have to be all hard work. You can make it fun with a sport that rewards you for
perseverance(毅力). Playing sports that encourage waiting can be particularly helpful for building life hardship patience.
___ 3 7___ Hunting is another activity many people enjoy, and this sport definitely requires perseverance.
Keep a Journal
___ 3 8___ You could use creative writing or calendar journaling to help boost your patience. Learning patience can be
a long journey and you may get discouraged. Having a record of how far you’ve come can keep you focused and motivated.
___ 3 9___
Humans are social creatures. Having a trusted friend, partner, family member, or coworker we can turn to when our
impatience gets the best of us can help us feel better. We should try to use our support system to brainstorm how we can
make things better.
Take a Break
What do you do if time management doesn’t make you feel in any less of a rush? Sometimes, feeling like you’re
always in a hurry and impatient means you need a break. Hurry sickness is a non-life-threatening condition people can
develop when they go non-stop. ___ 4 0___
A．If you don’t take a break when you need one, hurry sickness could develop into burn out.
B．Fishing, golf, and baseball are fun sports that require patience.
C．Seek Out Support
D．Acknowledge Your Feelings
E．Further, patient people may also benefit from a range of health advantages, such as better sleep and fewer headaches.
F．These are not the types of personalities teachers would want to project when dealing with children, parents, and even
coworkers.
G．Writing forces us to slow down our thoughts, and that’s why journaling is useful.
2.【2023·湖南省岳阳市教学质量检测（二）】
Your Brain Was Made For Walking
If a president, a legendary philosopher, and one of the bestselling authors of all time credited the same secret for their
success, would you try to follow it too? What if the secret was something you already knew how to do? ___36___.
Get walking! It’s not just some people who made a case for it as a prime creativity booster. ___37___ A Stanford
University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. According to the
study, walking outside—versus on a treadmill—produces the most novel and highest quality analogies in participants who
walked and then sat down to do creative work.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】
