文档内容
考点 1 阅读七选五
阅读七选五之利用词汇关系（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 三年真题考点分布
考查类别
项目
语篇类型 主题语境 段中 段尾
卷别 段首句
句 句
人与自然·介绍了在室内
种植植物的好处以及如
乙卷 说明文 0 3 2
何选择适宜室内种植的
植物
人与自我·介绍了成为一
甲卷 说明文 1 3 1
个有耐心的人的技巧
2023
2023年1月· 人与社会·如何使坐火车
说明文 1 4 0
浙江卷 旅行尽可能愉快的建议
人与社会·开始艺术之旅
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 1 3 1
的好建议
人与自我·自我原谅的一
新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 0 4 1
些具体方法
新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会·寻找锻炼伙伴 0 4 1
2022 甲卷 说明文 人与社会·外出用餐礼仪 1 3 1
乙卷 说明文 人与社会·如何维持友谊 3 1 1
人与社会·体验巴黎人的
新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 1 4 0
生活
人与社会·旧衣物交换活
2021 甲卷 说明文 1 4 0
动
人与自我·使自己变得有
乙卷 说明文 2 2 1
趣
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于阅读理解中阅读七选五的考查了12次。主要考查：
主旨概括句(文章整体内容)、衔接过渡句(文章结构)和上下文逻辑关系句(细节支撑)三类。其中，上下文逻辑关系
句是考查的重点。
【备考策略】系统归类阅读七选五的方法；熟练掌握阅读技能。
【命题预测】
阅读七选五以说明文为主，其结构非常的鲜明，设空处前后提示信息很明显，考查考生理解语篇整体或者局
部的基本结构，以及上下文的逻辑关系和基本的同义改写能力。说明文阅读七选五将在2024年高考中出现。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】巧用词汇复现解题
词汇复现法是为了保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即在文章中对同一个概念进行重复描述，
从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同位置反复出现。在做题时考生要注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相
反的词汇。
【方法指导】
【典例1】[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is,
it’s true. 40. We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自我原谅的一些具体方法,其中包括列举自己的优点、列举自己做过
的好事、让别人写下自己的优点等。
40.G 根据空后内容“We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and
grow.”(我们一直在改变和学习,错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)可知,作者认为犯错并不是性格中固有的一面,
我们是通过错误来成长的。选项G “Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.”符合语
境。故选G。选项中的mistake和文章中的mistakes是原词复现。
【典例2】 (2022·全国乙卷·节选)
·More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what
method works best for you both. 37 ．There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice
messages or having a group chat.
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【解析】 空前一句提到“确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过了，了解你们想要相互联系的频率，以及哪种方法
对你们双方都最有效”，再根据空后介绍的具体的交流方式可推出，本空讲的是“朋友需要讨论各自喜欢的交流
方式”。E项中的methods与空前一句中的method为原词复现，同时E项中的communication与空前一句中的
communicated相呼应。故选E。
[2023·湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学第二次学业质量评价检测]
Like it or love it, social media is a major part of life. Teens spend more than half of their waking hours online. They
use some of that time to post pictures and create profiles on social media accounts. ____1____
Clicking on a thumbs-up or a heart icon is an easy way to stay in touch. ____2____ Some social media sites use those
likes to determine how many people eventually see a post. One with many likes is more likely to be seen-and to get even
more likes.
What’s more, viewing posts with a lot of likes activates the reward system in our brain. ____3____ For example, posts
related to alcohol may encourage teens to drink. That means that what you like online has the power to influence not just
what others like, but even what they do.
____4____ And not always in a good way. For example, in one 2011 study, teens doing a driving task in a lab took
more risks when their friends were around. Researchers also looked at the teens’ brains during this task. They saw activity in
a part of the brain that’s involved in rewards, which suggests the teens were changing their behavior to try to get social
approval.
Joining social media can give people a sense of being in the know. But posts may exaggerate (夸大) how well our
friends and others are feeling, making them appear much happier than we are. ____5____
A．It can also lower the viewer’s self-control.
B．A popular post doesn’t necessarily mean it is a quality post.
C．It’s no surprise: Feedback from peers affects how teens behave.
D．Their brains respond to those likes by turning on the reward center.
E．And that can, inappropriately, make us feel less successful than them.
F．But those “likes” can have power that goes beyond a simple connection.
G．Most of what they do is read and respond to posts by friends and family.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是社交媒体是生活中的一部分及其对生活的影响。
1．G根据空前的“They use some of that time to post pictures and create profiles on social media accounts.(他们利用其
中一些时间在社交媒体帐户上发布图片并创建个人资料。)”可知，此处讲述的是青少年们在社交媒体中所作的事情，
G选项“Most of what they do is read and respond to posts by friends and family.(他们所做的大部分工作是阅读和回复
朋友和家人的帖子。)”中所描述的也是青少年在社交媒体中所做的事情，其中的they指代与上文的teens一致。故
选G。
2．F根据空前的“Clicking on a thumbs-up or a heart icon is an easy way to stay in touch.(单击竖起大拇指或心形图标
是保持联系的简单方法。)”可知，小红心或者大拇指是点赞的位置，空后的“Some social media sites use those likes
to determine how many people eventually see a post.(一些社交媒体网站使用这些喜欢来确定有多少人最终看到帖
子。)”可知，获赞的多少决定了有多少人关注帖子，由此可知，此空处讲述的内容与“点赞”相关，F选项“But
those “likes” can have power that goes beyond a simple connection.(但这些“赞”可以拥有超越简单联系的力量。)”中
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】的“those likes”内容与空前后内容吻合。故选F。
3．A根据空前的“What’s more, viewing posts with a lot of likes activates the reward system in our brain.(更重要的是，
查看有很多赞的帖子会激活我们大脑中的奖励系统。)”可知，浏览贴子会激活大脑中的奖励体系，根据空后的
“For example, posts related to alcohol may encourage teens to drink.(例如，与酒精相关的帖子可能会鼓励青少年饮
酒。)”可知，与酒精相关的帖子可能会鼓励青少年饮酒，由此可知，此空处的内容是看到的帖子对青少年的影响，
A选项“It can also lower the viewer’s self-control.(它还可以降低观众的自制力。)”讲述的是浏览贴子对青少年的影
响，其中的it指代的是上文中的viewing posts，also未结题关键词，且内容与空前后一致。故选A。
4．C 根据空后的“And not always in a good way. (而且并不总是以一种好的方式。)”以及下文中的举例“For
example, in one 2011 study, teens doing a driving task in a lab took more risks when their friends were around.(例如，在
2011年的一项研究中，当朋友在身边时，在实验室做驾驶任务的青少年会冒更多的风险。)”可知，本段讲述的是
青少年朋友在身边的影响，而且影响不总是好的，C选项“It’s no surprise: Feedback from peers affects how teens
behave.(这并不奇怪：来自同龄人的反馈会影响青少年的行为方式。)”讲述的是来自同龄人的反馈对青少年行为的
影响，与空后内容衔接合理，且与举例说明的内容吻合。故选C。
5．E根据空前的“But posts may exaggerate (夸大) how well our friends and others are feeling, making them appear
much happier than we are.(但是帖子可能会夸大我们的朋友和其他人的感觉，使他们看起来比我们快乐得多。)”可知，
帖子可能会使得他们看起来比我们更快乐，E选项“And that can, inappropriately, make us feel less successful than
them.(这可能会不恰当地让我们觉得自己不如他们成功。)”中描述的内容与空前内容相对应，且其中的代词them以
及us空前内容指代一致。故选E。
根据代词指代信息解题
英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或起名词作用的短语、分句或句子，
巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。代词指代一定要注意两种情况：一是
选项中的代词要特别关注，二是空格后面的句子中的代词要特别关注。
【方法指导】
【典例1】（2023年新高考I卷）You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That
way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine
through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【答案】19. C
【解析】根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of
your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个
性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项 C “They
might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空
前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内
容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake
to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是
一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
【典例2】(2022·全国甲卷·节选)
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 37 ．
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【解析】根据本段小标题Chopstick Rules可知，本段主要讲述的是筷子的使用规则。根据上文When you put
them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of
you.可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。F项讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中 F项中
的them指的是上文的chopsticks。
[2023·江苏省苏北七市高三二模]
Conscious (有意识的) living is not just a trend. ____1____ It is about being intentional with everything you do —
your words, actions, beliefs, habits, and choices. Accepting conscious living takes some effort, but it is worthwhile. Here are
some ways you can achieve this goal.
●Be conscious about your time.
Time is the most precious thing because there is no way to live a moment again. ____2____ If you waste your
precious hours doing negative things, you will regret it later. The first step for living consciously is to be wise about your
time. Be selective about things you spend it on, and allocate (分配) it for positive activities.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】●____3____
You cannot achieve them unless you understand your needs and intentions. It is easier said than done because most
people fail to make an effort to know themselves. Spend time thinking over and knowing your strengths and weaknesses.
Once you know yourself better, you can create a plan to work towards becoming more patient, honest, and forgiving.
●Learn to be grateful.
Gratitude takes you a long way towards conscious living. It opens you up to a happier and a fulfilled mindset. Most
people are unhappy because they see only the negatives in life. However, everyone has something to be grateful for. Writing
a gratitude journal is a good start for counting your blessings. ____4____
●Believe in yourself.
It is the key to making the right choices, yet not regretting the wrong ones. ____5____ Spending time alone and
thinking deeply are effective measures that enable you to identify the inner voice. Care for it and follow it to make it
stronger down the line.
Conscious living is a skill you need to learn as you go, so be willing to make the effort and master it. You will absorb it
soon and be a happier person in the long run.
A．Know yourself better.
B．Accept the person you are.
C．Life can be a lot better with the right decisions.
D．It is a healthy choice that enables you to be happy.
E．Pick it as a daily habit, and you will notice the difference.
F．The way you spend your time determines the course of your life.
G．The best way to build self-belief is by reflecting on your own thoughts.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何学会有意识地生活。
1．D根据上文“Conscious (有意识的) living is not just a trend.(有意识的生活不仅仅是一种时尚)”中“not just”可知，
有意识的生活不仅仅是一种时尚，因此下文会更一进定义有意识的生活，D“It is a healthy choice that enables you to
be happy.(它是一种健康的选择，能让你快乐)”提出有意识的生活还能带来快乐，与上文构成递进关系，句中代词 it
指代上文中“Conscious (有意识的) living”。故选D。
2．F上文“Time is the most precious thing because there is no way to live a moment again.(时间是最宝贵的东西，因为
没有办法让一个瞬间重来)”分析了时间宝贵的原因，F项“The way you spend your time determines the course of your
life.(你如何利用时间，决定了你的人生轨迹)”承接上文，说明利用时间对人生的重意义，照应本段主题“Be
conscious about your time.(要意识到你的时间)”，上下文语意连贯一致。故选F。
3．A设空处是本段标题，根据下文“You cannot achieve them unless you understand your needs and intentions. It is
easier said than done because most people fail to make an effort to know themselves. Spend time thinking over and knowing
your strengths and weaknesses. Once you know yourself better, you can create a plan to work towards becoming more
patient, honest, and forgiving.(除非你了解自己的需求和意图，否则你无法实现这些目标。这说起来容易做起来难，
因为大多数人都没有努力去了解自己。花点时间思考并了解自己的优点和缺点。一旦你更了解自己，你就可以制
定一个计划，让自己变得更有耐心、诚实和宽容)”可知，本段主要讲要去了解自己，所以 A项“Know yourself
better.(更好地了解自己)”是最佳标题。故选A。
4．E上文“Writing a gratitude journal is a good start for counting your blessings. (写感恩日记是一个计算你所拥有的幸
福的良好开端)”提出用写日记的方式来学会感恩，E项“Pick it as a daily habit, and you will notice the difference.(把
它作为一种日常习惯，你会发现其中的不同)”承接上文，建议让写感恩日记变成一种习惯，上下文语意连贯；句中
it指代上文中“Writing a gratitude journal”。故选E。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】5．G根据小标题“Believe in yourself.(相信自己)”可知，本段主要讲相信自己，即建立自信，G项“The best way to
build self-belief is by reflecting on your own thoughts.(建立自信的最好方法是反思自己的想法)”提出方法，上下语意
连贯。故选G。
基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2023届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期三模】
Living in the moment is not always easy. Sometimes our thoughts are overwhelmed by regrets about past events or
anxiety about the future, which can make it hard to enjoy the present. If you are having a hard time living in the moment,
there are some simple strategies that may help.
●Change a routine.___16___One way that you can become more aware is to change up your routine. You can do
something as simple as changing the way that you drive to work or changing the way you introduce yourself.
●Learn how to meditate (冥想). Meditation is a great way to train your brain to live in the moment. Learning to
meditate takes time, practice, and guidance. ___17___. If no classes are available, you can also buy CDs that will help you
learn how to meditate.
●Be grateful for breaks. Instead of becoming impatient when you have to wait for something, practise being grateful
for the extra time to notice your surroundings.___18___For example, if you have to wait in a long line to purchase your
morning coffee, take that time to observe your surroundings. As you do so, think about what you are grateful for in that
moment.
●___19___Performing random acts of kindness can help you to live in the moment by refocusing your attention on
what’s happening in front of you. Look for small things that you can do to show kindness to others. The kind acts that you
perform will help you to slow down and notice your surroundings.
●Smile and laugh more often. Living in the moment can be a challenge if you are in a bad mood or just feeling a little
down, but smiling and laughing can make you feel better even you force yourself to smile and laugh.___20___
A．Do kind things for others.
B．You’d better find a meditation class in your area.
C．Treat the extra time as a break and appreciate the time.
D．To get started with meditation, find a quiet spot and get comfortable.
E．Being grateful is an important principle of life and a great wisdom.
F．You may not be living in the moment because you are too set in your life.
G．Even if you put on an affected smile, you should start to feel better right away.
【答案】16．F 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们几条关于如何活在当下的建议。
16．根据段落小标题“Change a routine. (改变常规。)”可知，本段的建议是要打破常规，F项中的“you are too set
in your life”和标题中的“routine”F项：You may not be living in the moment because you are too set in your life. (你可
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】
