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考点 1 完形填空
完形填空之词汇复现（核心考点精讲精练）
考点1 词汇复现
考点1同一词汇复现
考点2近义词复现
词汇复现
考点3反义词复现
考点4相似结构复现
1. 两年真题考点分布
考点
词汇复现
题型
试卷类型 完形填空 考点
2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷 43.competed--competitor 同一词汇复现
2
2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷 42.earlier---delay 反义词复现
0
2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷 44.race--race 同一词汇复现
2
2023年1月·浙江卷 42.treetops--tree trunk 近义词复现
3
2023年1月·浙江卷 48.rope--rope 同一词复现
2023·全国乙卷 60.shine--shine 同一词汇复现
2 2022·新高考I卷 22. A. camped 同一词汇复现
完形填空
0 2022·新高考I卷 29. A. wind--storm 近义词复现
2 2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷 23．D．Affordable--expensive 反义词复现
2
2022·全国甲 46. A. Flora 同一词汇复现
2022·全国甲 55.C. fine--good 近义词复现
2022·全国甲 60.D. water 同一词汇复现
2022·全国乙 23. A. exposed--cover 反义词复现
2022·全国乙 27. B. child--children aged 2-4 近义词复现
2022·全国乙 33. C. experiments--Lab at USC 近义词复现
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近2年新高考卷对于完形填空中词汇复现考查了15次。主要考查：
原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。
【备考策略】系统归类词汇复现的方法；熟练掌握完形填空技能。
【命题预测】
完形填空是高考英语中的必考题型，完形填空中的词汇复现也必然会出现在2024年的高考中。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【2024年高考命题预测】
完形填空词汇复现考点是高考中的必考点。词汇复现考点是完形填空的重要命题手段，每年高考都考。命题
形式以名词复现为主兼顾其他词类及短语。预测在2024高考中，词汇复现会在完形填空试题中呈现。
【完形填空词汇复现考点指南】
规律方法：完形填空技巧之词汇复现
词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。完形填空所选的文章都是具有
逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。
所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概
括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信
息的能力。
（1）原词或同根词复现
原词或同根词复现是指相同的单词或同根词在原文中反复出现，达到衔接文章的目的。
（2）同义词或近义词复现
同义词或近义词复现是指意义相同或相近的单词在原文中反复出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。在做完形填空试题
时，就可以利用这种衔接方式找到要填入单词的同义词或者近义词，从而也就找到了试题的答案。这也包括了同
源词复现，即相同词根构成的不同词性的单词在文章中反复出现。
（3）)反义词复现
反义词复现是指和前文中词义相反的单词在原文中出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。我们可以利用这一衔接手段在
文章中寻找要填入单词的反义词。
（4）结构复现
有时空格处的信息并不局限于与前一句中某个信息点的重复，可能是与前几句中的某个信息点的重复，也不局限
于同词复现或同义复现，甚至连句式结构都非常类似。
1.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have
finished the course earlier than she did. Her 4 2 came because she was carrying a 4 3 across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in
front of her began crying in pain.
( )42.A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse
( )43.A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor
( )44.A.race B.school C.town D.training
42.A 根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have…the course earlier than she did.”和上一题的解析可知,Melanie Bailey本
应该更早完成比赛,她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手到达终点线。故选A。delay延误; chance机会; trouble麻烦;
excuse借口。【反义复现】earlier---delay
43.D 根据第一段中“…hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race…”和第二段中“… let Lenoue climb
onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line…”可知,她是背着一名参赛者到达终点线的。故选D。judge
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】裁判; volunteer志愿者; classmate同学; competitor参赛者。【同义复现】competed--competitor
44.A 根据第一段的“…hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race…”可知,此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛
的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。race速度竞赛; school学校;town城镇; training训练。
【同一词复现】race--race
2.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]
She stopped to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with
46 .
( )46.A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice
46.B 根据上文“Bailey took her arm…”可知,此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。courage勇气; aid
帮助; patience耐心; advice建议。【同义复现】help--aid
3. [2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 4 7 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was
hard for him, having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.
( )47.A.confused B.nervous C.annoyed D.curious
47.B 根据空后“George, the husband, was trying to be calm…”可知,作者见到狗的主人时,他们非常紧张。confused
困惑的; nervous紧张的; annoyed恼怒的; curious好奇的。故选B项。【反义复现】nervous--calm
4.【2023年1月·浙江卷】The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to witness
a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the ____42____.
......He stopped every few minutes to move the rope higher up the tree trunk.
42．A．courtyards B．fields C．treetops D．caves
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards庭院；B. fields
田野；领域；C. treetops树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树
顶高处。故选C项。【近义词词复现】treetops--tree trunk
5.【2023年1月·浙江卷】Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____43____ .
43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B.
dangerous危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pointless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ________ and kept
attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B
项。
【近义词词复现】difficult--dangerous
6.【2023年1月·浙江卷】He gathered handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and lit the bunch to create
a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began
climbing . He stopped every few minutes to move the ____48____ higher up the tree trunk.
48．A．hives B．leaves C．rope D．honey
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B. leaves树叶；
C. rope绳索；D. honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of
a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。
【同一词复现】rope--rope
7.[2023·全国乙卷]“I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to 6 0 .” And shine she did.
( )60.A.shine B.fly C.dance D.score
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】60.A 根据空后“And shine she did.”可知,Douglas说“我已经准备好发光了。”,即在伦敦奥运会上闪耀登场,惊艳
世界。shine发光,出色; fly飞翔; dance跳舞; score得分。故选A项。【同一词复现】shine--shine
1.【2022·新高考I卷】
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we ___22___ along
Chalk Creek.
22. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
22. A考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked散步；
D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past
ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。
提醒：camping ---camped同一词复现
2.【2022·新高考 I 卷】Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we headed off, but
storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our peaceful morning trip. The ___29___ picked up
and thunder rolled.
29. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
29. A考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed
速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。
提醒：storms--wind同义词复现
3.【2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷】It might sound like one long, expensive vacation , but the couple has an unusual way to
make their travel ___23___ .
23．A．safe B．busy C．helpful D．affordable
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他
们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. affordable买的起的。对应上文“It
might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故
选D。
提醒：expensive--affordable反义词复现
4.【2022·全国甲】When I first dated Steve, I learned he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was thrilled that
he was an animal lover, I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___ 4 6___ , the cat.
46. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly
46. A虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。根据上文的
“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫)”可知，此处指作者担心自己
的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A。
提醒：Flora--Flora同一词复现
基础过关
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2023·浙江省台州市高三下学期第二次教学质量评估】
With a glow in eyes, Jill’s mother asked eagerly, “Can you help us with a ___28___ ? Our community wants to plant
so much but our plot is very small.” Papa and Mama nodded with pleasure.
That afternoon, everyone in the community agreed to contribute. Neighbors brought seeds, tools and dirt. The next day
we started the project.
28．A．routine B．project C．business D．campaign
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉尔的妈妈眼睛里闪着光，急切地问道:“你能帮我们做一个项目吗？”A. routine
路线；B. project项目；C. business商业；D. campaign活动。由下文“The next day we started the project.”可知，此
处指一个项目，project属于同词复现，故选B。
2.【2023·江苏省南京市第一中学高三第一次模拟】
My former teacher, Katelyn Varga, was an amazing teacher. The first day I had her social studies class, I knew we
would have a great relationship. Her style of teaching was so interesting that almost every student in the class loved
studying social studies.
My favorite memory was from our class about the American Civil War. Each student ____44____ a person from the
American Civil War to ____45____ and then explained his or her findings in class. I chose Abraham Lincoln while other
classmates chose other famous people of the time like Jefferson Davis.
44．A．accepted B．described C．selected D．drew
45．A．imagine B．praise C．help D．research
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个学生挑选一个美国内战中的人物，然后进行研究，最后将研究结果解释给同学
们听。A. accepted接受；B. described描述；C. selected选择；D. drew画。根据下文的“I chose Abraham Lincoln”可
知，此处用“挑选”符合语境，chose和selected是同义词复现，故选C。
45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个学生挑选一个美国内战中的人物，然后进行研究，最后将研究结果解释给同学
们听。A. imagine想象；B. praise表扬；C. help帮助；D. research研究。根据上文的“The first day I had her social
studies class”可知，作者的老师Katelyn Varga上的是社会研究课，故此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是
同义词，故选D。
3.【2023·江苏省南通市海安市实验中学月考】
Hansen and his 10-year-old son Chase search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekend for the homeless to take to
lunch. They started Project Empathy(共情)four years ago to ___21___a meal, listen to their stories and figured out how
they could cook help .
"Just start with a smile, a hello. It really just starts with that. If you do it, you can make a connection. A small gesture
can have a dramatic impact on others less fortunate," Hansen remarked in an interview.
Some of these shared meals have turned into stronger ___25___Ward, a homeless, was housed in a flat.
21．A．buy B．cook C．share D．eat
25．A．desires B．connections C．motivations D．opinions
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：四年前，他们启动了共情项目，来共享食物、听他们的故事以及想想他们如何提
供进一步的帮助。A. buy买； B. cook烹饪；C. share共享；D. eat吃。根据下文的Some of these shared
meals have turned into stronger Ward可知此处用“共享”符合语境，share是原词复现，故选C项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些共享的食物已经变成了强有力的联系。A. desires渴望；B. connections联系；
C. motivations动机；D. opinions意见。根据上文的If you do it, you can make a connection.可知此处用“联系”符合
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】语境，connection是原词复现，故选B项。
4.Father and son's efforts have developed into a passion project that ____30____ faith and community, which emphasizes
the role community members can have in uplifting the homeless. They know they can't settle the homeless problem alone.
They're hoping empathy will catch on.
30．A．assesses B．compares C．highlights D．respects
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. assesses评估；B. compares比较；C. highlights强调；D. respects尊敬。
根据下文的which emphasizes the community members can have in uplifting the homeless.可知此处用“强
调”符合语境，highlight和emphasize是同义词复现，故选C项。
5.【2023·江苏省三名校（姜堰中学、沭阳中学、如东中学）联考】
Students in Western Pennsylvania had a snow day on Monday. However, instead of staying home or meeting for an
indoor workout, these teens on a high school football team were instructed by their coach to get outside and help their
____43____.
Brian DeLallo, a teacher who doubles as the head football coach at Bethel Park High School near Pittsburgh, took to
Twitter to announce that Monday’s weightlifting session in the gym was cancelled, but he had an alternative assignment for
the young men.
“Due to the expected severe weather, Monday’s weightlifting workout has been cancelled. Find an elderly or disabled
neighbor and clear their driveway…
43．A．parents B．neighbors C．teachers D．friends
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这些高中足球队的青少年并没有待在家里或在室内锻炼，而是在教练的指
导下走到户外，帮助他们的邻居。A. parents父母；B. neighbors邻居；C. teachers老师；D. friends朋友。根据下文
“Find an elderly or disabled neighbor”可知，此处是信息词neighbor的词汇复现。故选B。
6.【2023·江苏省南京外国语学校期中】The locusts are crispy, with a nutty _____33_____. Perhaps that’s the sauce, or
perhaps it’s what birds have been singing about for so long. But they are tasty. The silkworms have a richer flavour, and a
creamy centre. I can already imagine the ad campaign.
33．A．touch B．shape C．flavour D．smell
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：蝗虫很脆，有坚果的味道。A. touch触觉；B. shape形状；C. flavour味道；D.
smell气味。根据下文“But they are tasty. The silkworms have a richer flavour”可知此处说的是味道，词汇复现，故选
C。
7.【2023·江苏省南京市第三高级中学达标训练】
The majority of people are convinced that they don’t have much imagination. They are mistaken. Everyone has
imagination, but most of us forget how to become aware of it once we become adults. Creativity isn’t always concerned
with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time ____24____ think of creative ways to solve
problems. Here are three techniques to help you.
24．A．routinely B．skillfully C．apparently D．abruptly
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们在工作和业余时间经常也会想出具有创造性的解决问题的方法。A. routinely
通常；B. skillfully有技巧地；C. apparently明显地；D. abruptly突然地。根据上文的Creativity isn’t always
with great works of art or ideas.可知此处用“常常”符合语境，always和routinely是近义词复现，故选A项。
8.【2023·江苏省南京市第三高级中学达标训练】Make connections! It involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to
find links between them. Think about the problem to solve or the job to do. Then find an image, for example, a candle.
Write down all the ideas associated with candles connect the ____27____ with the job you have to do.
27．A．ideas B．assessments C．arrangements D．practices
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：写下所有与蜡烛有关的想法，把这些想法和你的工作联系在一起。A. ideas想法；
B. assessments评估；C. arrangements安排；D. practices练习。根据上文的Write down all the ideas with
candles可知，此处用“想法”符合语境，ideas是原词复现，故选A项。
9.[2022·江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调研（二）] However, it was short-lived. Catherine and I applied to join
the school drama club. Unfortunately, cruel gossips (流言) unfolded at Catherine’s expense before the interview. Desperate
to be ________, I just stood by.
A．inspired B．included C．rewarded D．remembered
9.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，关于凯瑟琳的残酷的流言蜚语在采访前到处传播。我迫不及待地想被社
团录取，因此对于凯瑟琳的事情袖手旁观。A. inspired鼓舞，鼓励；B. included使成为整体的一部分，包括；C.
rewarded给某人报酬，奖赏；D. remembered记住，记得。根据前文“Catherine and I applied to join the school drama
club.”可知，我非常想被俱乐部录取。故选B。
提醒：join---include vt. 包括; 包含; 使成为…的一部分同义词复现
10.【江苏省南通如皋市2022届高三4月第二次适应性考试】It is not quite six in the morning. I am half asleep in a van
that in the United States would seat maybe six people. Here in Ghana though, its insides have been emptied and replaced
with wooden benches that can ______ twelve of us.
A．preserve B．facilitate C．accommodate D．embarrass
10．C考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在加纳，它的内部被清空，换上了可以容纳12个人的长凳。A. preserve保
留，保护；B. facilitate促进，促使；C. accommodate容纳，为……提供空间；D. embarrass使尴尬。根据上文“I
am half asleep in a van that in the United States would seat maybe six people.( 我在一辆厢式货车里半睡半醒，在美国
这辆车只能坐六个人。)”可知，作者在乘坐一辆厢式货车，此处表示换上了可以容纳12个人的长凳。故选C。
提醒：seat--accommodate v. 容纳同义词复现
11.【2022·江苏省南京市金陵中学最后一卷】The clerk, a friendly man with a ________ smile, looked at the couple and
explained that there were three conferences in town.
A．rigid B．painful C．winning D．Tiring
11.C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：店员是一个友好的男人，脸上带着迷人的微笑，他看着这对夫妇，解释说镇上
有三个会议。A. rigid严格死板的；B. painful痛苦的；C. winning迷人的；D. tiring累人的。由前面的“a friendly
man”可知，友好的男人是面带微笑地接待了老夫妇，因此空格处是“迷人的”。故选C。
提醒：friendly---winning adj. 迷人的; 可爱的同义词复现
12.【2022届江苏省南京市高三第二次（5月三模）】Then I ____43____ to John’s favorite Chinese restaurant. We’d
gone there after so many of John’s treatments. I wanted to talk to the manager, who knew about our situation and had
always been kind to us. When I pulled over, I could hear John’s voice in my cars. The words John told me every time I got
behind the wheel. “Drive safely.”
43．A．rushed B．fled C．wandered D．drove
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我开车去了约翰最喜欢的中国餐馆。A. rushed冲；B. fled逃；C. wandered闲逛；
D. drove开车。根据后文“Drive safely.”可知，“我”是开车（drove）去的这家餐馆。故选D项。
13.【2022届江苏省南京市高三第二次（5月三模）】As I was about to leave, I spotted a fortune cookie left by the
manager. Should I_____52_____ it? I didn’t need a fortune to tell me that life without John would still be full. Still, just
for fun, I opened the cookie and flattened the small piece of paper inside.
52．A．keep B．open C．return D．taste
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我应该打开它吗？A. keep保持；B. open打开；C. return返回；D. taste尝试。根据下文
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】
