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【一轮复习讲义】2024年高考英语高频考点题型归纳与方法总结（新高考通用）
第 19 讲 完形填空记叙文(20 空)（精讲精练）
题型目录一览
原词复现
同根词复习
近义词复现
反义词复现
一、知识点梳理
完形填空考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况。要求考生通读全文，掌
握文章大意，运用词汇、语法等知识，选择最佳答案，使文章意思通顺，结构完整。记
叙型完形填空是高考和备考的重点。
解题技巧
1. 读透首句，掌握主旨
重视首句，明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容。绝大多数记叙文的作者都
会用一句话点明人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再逐渐深入介绍事件的
发生、发展，最后得出结论，所以读透句首对学生了解全文至关重要，这就是我们理解文
章内在联系的＂突破口＂。
2. 跳空速读全文，掌握中心
速读全文要求一气呵成，跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。重点了解记叙
文的要素，如：时间、地点、人物和事件等，从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和结构主线。
3. 身临其境，故事重构
采取换位思考的方式，假设自己就是故事的主人公，在此情此景下，模拟故事的情景，
体会人物的心情，推理故事的发展，体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能对故事
或事件有一个贴切的把握，才能选出符合语境的选项。同时要注意文化背景知识和生活常
识。
4. 关注末段，注意感想
最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。要注意结合语境选用合适
的形容词、副词、动词或名词等。
5. 浏览全文，复查核定
根据记叙文的线索，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。检
查要点是：
（1）语意是否前后一致；
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】（2）上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整；
（3）所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构；
（4）文化背景和生活常识是否合理。
（5）小心常用词汇熟词生义
完形填空中涉及的逻辑关系主要有以下几种：
转折关系：but, however, though, whereas, nevertheless,anyway等
因果关系：so, therefore, thus, because, for, since, as等
让步关系：though, although, while, as, despite, in spite of等
顺序关系：before, after, first, second, in addition, then, next, finally等
条件关系：if, unless, once, provided that等
解释关系：that is to say, in other words等
并列关系：and, while等
题型一原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现
【典例】
I hate lying to the kids.One day they’ll wake up and discover that everything they’ve always
known about windows is a 48 .
I wonder if 49.parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences.I have a very
strong 51.fear that the lie we’re telling is doing...
48.A.dream B.lie C.fantasy D.fact
【答案】B
【解析】根据本段第一句中的lying以及下一段第二句中的the lie可知，此处应填lie(谎言)。
题型二同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现
【典例】
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper.The ad had a
51.phone number for a town in southern Michigan.Ehlers 52.called the number of Jeff and Lisa to
tell them he had 53.found their dog.
50.A.predicted B.advertised C.believed D.recorded
【答案】B
【解析】由下一句中的ad可知，此处应选B。advertise登广告。
题型三同/近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式，或者解释性的词汇复现
【典例】
It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought，but when he 51.researched it，he only found
“Bonnard，” a French 52 he had never heard of.He bought a book and was 53.surprised
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54.garden as his
father’s painting.
52.A.painter B.designer C.author D.actor
【答案】A
【解析】由上文中的Bonnard以及下文中的“find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard
sitting on the same chair”可知，此处表示一位法国画家(painter)。artist与painter是近义
词。designer设计师；author作家；actor演员。
题型四反义词复现——意思相反或对比性解释的词汇复现
【典例】
(2019·全国Ⅱ)Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear
were replaced with 49 .It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face.
49.A.surprise B.joy C.hesitation D.anxiety
【答案】B
【解析】根据空后内容可知，此处指小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴(joy)所取代了。
题型五并列和递进关系
并列和递进关系常用的标志词和短语有：and，or，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...，
similarly等。
【典例】
The students who he’s 15.driven have gone on to become physicians，teachers and engineers，
but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in
Wilson.Some students 16 call him “Grandpa”.
16.A.even B.ever C.once D.already
【答案】A
【解析】根据语境，此处表示这些大学生视威尔逊为楷模和朋友，甚至(even)亲切地叫他
“爷爷”。
【题型训练】
【2023▪全国甲卷】 Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go
every summer. The first time we 41 there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike
42 its way down the hill toward us. It was 43 called Mario, coming to 44 us a
box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice 45 for him to make.
But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 46 because they were so misshapen: not at
all like the nice, round, 47 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a
funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any 48 , we thought. But we
were 49 his kindness, so we 50 them.
What we discovered is that it’s 51 to judge what you eat only by its 52 .
Those tomatoes had 53 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a
child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 54 perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to
have a 55 memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】that they can 56 them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old
bottle, but it was 57 .
It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re 58 , and as close as possible to
where they were 59 . What Mario had 60 us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
41. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed
42. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling
43. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D.
passenger
44. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show
45. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture
46. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored
47. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun
48. A. more B. good C. new D. easy
49. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D.interested in
50. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed
51. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual
52. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price
53. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste
54. A. smell B. look C. become D. work
55. A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague
56. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack
57. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar
58. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need
59. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown
40. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told
【答案】41. D42. A43. B44. C45. D46. A47. C48. B49. B50. A51. C52. A53. D54. B55. A56.
D57. A58. C59. D40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子
盒子里是自己种的西红柿和酿的酒，刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表，和酒的浑浊
感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发现比超市的好，让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否
好吃是不明智的。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上
向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited 等待；B. met 遇见；C. camped 露营；D.
stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we
still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上
向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. making使；让；B. searching搜索；C. squeezing挤
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】压；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“coming to 44 us a box containing some tormatoes and
a bottle of wine.”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以 make one’s way复合语境，
为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A项。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些
西红柿和一瓶酒。A. customer顾客；B. neighbor邻居；C. relative亲戚；D. passenger乘
客。根据前文“we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike 42 its way down the hill
toward us.”以及最后一句“What Mario had 60 us was the taste of the Garfagnana”
可知，马里奥是从山上下来的，送来了当地的食物，可推测是作者的邻居。故选B项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些
西红柿和一瓶酒。A. lend借出；B. send发送；C. bring带来；D. show展示。根据后文
“It was a very nice 45 for him to make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带
来一个盒子。故选C项。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这么做真是太好了。A. choice选择；B. comment议论；
C. promise诺言；D. gesture姿态。根据前文“coming to 44 us a box containing some
tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒，所以
是好的姿态。故选D项。
46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是
非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的样子。A. worried
担心的；B. moved感动的；C. thrilled兴奋的；D. bored感到厌倦的。根据后文“because
they were so misshapen”可知，西红柿是畸形的，所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选 A
项。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心 ，的因为它们是
非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的样子。A. simple简
单的；B. real真实的；C. shiny闪亮的；D. fun有趣的。根据前文“not at all like the nice,
round”可知，空处是在形容超市里的西红柿，和前文的“nice, round”并列，结合选项，应
是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们想，这些肯定不好。A. more更多的；B. good好的；
C. new新的；D. easy容易的。根据前文“But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were
46 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 47 things you
get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on
it.”可知，马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好，因此作者一家认为这些都不可能好。故选B项。
49.考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。 A.
sympathetic to 同情；B. thankful for 对……表示感谢；C. cautious about 谨慎对待；D.
interested in对……感兴趣。根据前文“It was 43 called Mario, coming to 44 us
a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以
应该是很感谢他。故选B项。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. tried尝试；
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】B. sold 出售；C. returned 回来；D. mixed 混合。根据后文“Those tomatoes had 53
that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的
西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A项。
51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明
智的。A. unnecessary不需要的；B. uncertain无把握；C. unwise不明智的；D. unusual特
别的。结合前后文，可知，作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担
心，但是后来发现，它的味道，比超市的西红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃
的东西是不明智的。故选C项。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你的吃的东西是否好吃是不明
智的。A. appearance外观；B. quality质量；C. origin源头；D. price价格。根据前文“we
were 46 because they were so misshapen”可知，此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A项。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。A.
size 尺寸；B. shape 形状；C. color 颜色；D. taste 味道。根据后文“Nowadays
supermarket tomatoes 54 perfect but taste of water.”可知，此处应是用马里奥送的西
红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，马里奥送的西红柿外观差，但是味道好，让作者想起了小时
候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A. smell闻
起来；B. look看起来；C. become变成；D. work工作。根据前文“not at all like the nice,
round, 47 things you get in a supermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选
B项。
55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A. happy快乐的；B.
vivid 清晰的；C. short 短的；D. vague 模糊的。根据前文“Nowadays supermarket
tomatoes 54 perfect but taste of water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起
来像水，因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。
56.考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以
方便地包装它们。A. clean打扫；B. check检查；C. count计数；D. pack包装。根据前文
“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。
故选D项。
57.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，
但它是完美的。A. perfect完美的；B. useful有用的；C. convenient便利的；D. familiar熟
悉的。根据前文“Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”以及空
前的but可知，此处表转折，结合选项，此处应是“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从
一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的”之意，符合实际。故选A项。
58.考查介词短语辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们
生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. on view在展出；B. on sale出售；C. in season当令的；D.
in need困难中的。根据前文“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”可知，在合适的时
间，也就是食物应季，当令的时候吃该食物口感是最好的。故选C项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长
的地方，吃东西是好的。A. finished完成；B. stored贮存；C. found找到；D. grown成长。
根据前文“It’s good to eat things”以及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处在讲在合
适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地
方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D项。
60.考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cooked烹饪；B.
given给；C. bought买；D. told告诉。根据前文“It was 43 called Mario, coming to
44 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥给作者
一家的。故选B项。
【2023▪全国乙卷】To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around
event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she 41 best. She had to 42 her
bedroom in Virginia. She had to say 43 to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved
to 44 waves on her board. But it was 45 to take the leap (飞跃), however 46
it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she 47 about 1,200 miles away from home,
to 48 with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never 49 and
everything was new to her.
As it turned out, Douglas did 50 what she needed to do to become Olympic
champion when she 51 two Russians. The Chinese coach 52 Douglas into one of
the best gymnasts in the 53 , helping her skyrocket from an 54 member of the
national team to the top of the sport. By 55 the Olympic all-around title, she became the
first black woman to do so. She 56 the competition from beginning to end. She said she
had felt 57 all along that she would win.
Not so long ago, Martha Karoly, the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did
not think Douglas had what it 58 to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought 59
that she could make the London Games-and win.
“I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to 60 .” And shine she
did.
41. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew
42. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up
43. A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no
44. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike
45. A. common B. time C. fun D. tough
46. A. breathtaking B. heartbreaking C.eye-catching D.head-spinning
47. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off
48. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train
49. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed
50. A. approximately B. gradually C. exactly D. possibly
51. A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】52. A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put
53. A. world B. city C. team D. state
54. A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic
55. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding
56. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led
57. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. uneasy
58. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took
59. A. now and then B. more and more C. far and wide D. on and on
60. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score
【答案】41. D 42. B 43 A 44. C 45. B 46. B 47. D 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. A 52.
B 53. A 54. C 55. C 56. D 57. A 58. D 59. B 60. A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国体操运动员 Gabby Douglas为了成为个人
全能项目的奥运冠军，不得不远离家乡，去离家1400英里的地方，和一个来自中国的教练
一起训练。最终在教练的训练下，Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，赢得奥运
会全能冠军，成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不
放弃她最熟悉的一切。A. tried尝试；B. thought思考；C. judged判断；D. knew知道；熟
悉，了解。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around
event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“1,400 miles away from home”可知，
为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas放弃她最熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生
的地方，故选D。
42.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A. take up从事；
B. pack up整理；收拾行李；C. clean up清理；D. do up装修。由上文“Gabby Douglas
had to leave everything”和下文“her bedroom in Virginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离
开这里，故选B。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说
再见。A. goodbye再见；B. hello你好；C. thanks感谢；D. no没有；否定的回答。由上
“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”可知，Gabby Douglas要离开自己的家，所以与
家里的狗说再见，故选A。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说
再见。A. cause引起；B. observe观察；C. ride骑；漂浮；D. strike打击。由下文“waves
on her board.”可知，此处表示冲浪，ride the waves意为“冲浪”，故选C。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A.
common平民；普通；B. time时间；C. fun乐趣；D. tough暴徒。由下文“to take the leap
(飞跃)”可知，虽然离开自己所熟悉的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了，故选B。
46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人伤心。
A. breathtaking激动人心的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的；令人伤心的；C. eye-catching
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】引人注目的；D. head-spinning头晕的。上文提到的Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的
一切可知，放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心，故选B。
47.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1400英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训
练。A. dropped out退出；B. moved on继续。C. pulled over靠边停车；D. went off离开。
由下文“about 1,400 miles away from home,”可知，Gabby Douglas到了一个离家1400英
里的地方，故选D。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1400英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。
A. reason推理；B. talk谈话；C. compete竞争；D. train培训。由上文“To become the
Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event”和下文“with a coach from
China”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas离开家，由此可知，她
来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新
的。A. met遇到；见过；B. helped帮助；C. understood理解；D. needed需要。由下文
“everything was new to her.”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未
谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。
50.考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她
成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. approximately大约；B.gradually逐渐地；C. exactly准
确地；完全；D. possibly 可能地。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the
first black woman to do so”可知，Gabby Douglas获得了奥运会全能冠军，由此可知，
Gabby Douglas完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切，故选C。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她
成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. defeated打败；B. pleased使高兴；C. respected尊敬；
D. assisted 帮助。由上文“what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”和下文
“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas击
败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，
帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. forced 强迫；B.
transformed转换；改造；彻底改变；C. persuaded劝说；D. put放。由下文“Douglas
into one of the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上最好的体操运动
员之一，transform...into固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，
帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. world世界；B. city城市；
C. team团队；D. state 国家。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first
black woman to do so”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，所以说她是世界最好的体操运
动员之一，故选A。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之
一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。 A. amateury业余爱好的；
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】B. elected当选的；C. average平均的；普通的；D. enthusiastic热情的。由下文“member
of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，这位中国教练帮助Douglas从国家队的普
通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人
女性。A. clarifying分类；B. defending打败；C. winning赢得；D. demanding要求。由下
文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，Douglas
赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。
56.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A. followed 跟随；B.
organized 组织；C. watched 观看；D. led 带领；领先。由下文“the competition from
beginning to end”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas一直领先于竞争对手，故选D。
57.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她一直坚信自己会赢。A. confident自信的；坚信的；
B. nervous 紧张的；C. excited 兴奋的；D. uneasy 不安的。由下文“all along that she
would win.”可知，Douglas一直坚信自己会赢，故选A。
58.考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人 Martha Karoly还认为
Douglas 不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件。A. viewed 看待；B. appeared 出现；C.
mattered重要；D. took需要。由下文“to be an Olympian”可知，此处表示Martha Karoly
还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”，故选D。
59.考查短语词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。
A. now and then时不时地；B. more and more越来越多；C. far and wide广泛地；D. on
and on 不断地。由上文“As time went by”和下文“that she could make the London
Games-and win.”可知，随着时间的推移，Douglas越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。
故选B。
60.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A. shine照耀；发光；B. fly飞行；C.
dance跳舞；D. score得分。由上文“I’m going to inspire so many people”和“And shine
she did.”可知，Douglas认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选
A。
【2022▪全国甲卷】You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their 41 was
nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with 42
. When I first dated Steve, I 43 he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was 44
that he was an animal lover, I 45 that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs
might attack 46 , the cat.
The next week we 47 our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch
our 48 , Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so
49 ? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 50 , I
began to fall for him.
We 51 to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】November, Tilly had an operation on her 52 . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I
worried that Tilly 53 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve 54
his house. All worked 55 . The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, 56
Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team 57 for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my 58 , this man produced a little box with a ring and
proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I 59 him to. That’s only for giving
60 to the dogs that brought us together.
41. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership
42. A. reservations B. expectations C. confidence D. prejudice
43. A. feared B. doubted C. hoped D. learned
44. A. unsatisfied B. amused C. terrified D. thrilled
45. A. predicted B. worried C. regretted D. insisted
46. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly
47. A. tied B. walked C. bathed D. fed
48. A. breath B. balance C. attention D. imagination
49. A. calm B. sure C. soon D. real
50. A. By the way B. In that case C. By all means D.Inthat
moment
51. A. continued B. decided C. intended D. pretended
52. A. eye B. tail C. ear D. leg
53. A. secretly B. constantly C. eventually D. unwillingly
54. A. left B. sold C. suggested D. searched
55. A. late B. hard C. fine D. free
56. A. emptied B. respected C. occupied D. discovered
57. A. looking B. caring C. waiting D. calling
58. A. delight B. credit C. interest D. disadvanta
59. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid
40. A. toys B. awards C. food D. water
41-45 CADBB46-50 ABACD 51-55 ADBAC 56-50 BBACD
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方
式来了解他很多，作者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，
但有所保留，因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，
在之后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
41. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. ownership所有
权；B. membership会员；C. companionship陪伴；D. leadership领导。由上文的“For
many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. (多年来，我喜欢和我的狗
Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴着作者，
让作者远离孤独。故选C。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】42. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A. reservations保留；
B. expectations期望；C. confidence信心；D. prejudice偏见。由下文的“He poured water
from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的
狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗
时，因为史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出刚开始约会时，
因为不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A。
43. D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫
Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫。A. feared恐惧；B. doubted怀疑；C. hoped希望；D.
learned得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve (当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可
知，第一次约会会得知对方相关情况，作者从而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只猫。故选D。
44. B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗
可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. amused愉快的；C.
terrified害怕的；D. thrilled刺激的。由下文的“he was an animal lover (他是一个动物爱
好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年和两只爱犬生活在一起的作者应该是感
到愉快高兴。故选B。
45. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可
能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted预测；B. worried担心；C. regretted
后悔；D. insisted坚持。由下文的“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might
attack 46 the cat (三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫)”可知，作者认为三条
狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫，针对这种情况，作者是担忧的。故选
B。
46. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可
能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. Flora弗洛拉；B. Chance机会；C. Molly莫莉；
D. Tilly蒂莉。选项指的是文中动物名词。由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora
(他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫)”可知，此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会
攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A。
47. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牵着
（动物）走；C. bathed沐浴；D. fed喂养。由本处的“ 47 our dogs together (一
起……我们的狗)”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故选B。
48. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath呼吸；
B. balance平衡；C. attention注意力；D. imagination想象。由上文的“It was a hot day.
When we paused (那是一个炎热的日子。当我们停下)”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下
来休息一下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口气)。故选A。
49. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢他，但这么快？A. calm冷静的；B. sure确
定的；C. soon很快的；D real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he
proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚吗)”可知，二人才认识两周，作者以为史蒂夫要向自己求婚，
认为进展太快了。故选C。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】50. D。考查介词短语辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我开始爱上他。A. By the way顺便说一句；
B. In that case那样的话；C. By all means务必；D. In that moment那一刻。由上文的“He
poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手
里，递给我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把
水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感。故选D。
51. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A.
continued 继续；B. decided 决定；C. intended 打算；D. pretended 假装。由上文的“I
began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出二人会继续约
会。故选A。
52. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手术。A. eye眼睛；B.
tail尾巴；C. ear耳朵；D. leg腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 55 climbing the
stairs could reopen the wound (我担心Tilly爬楼梯会重新打开伤口)”可知，作者担心爬楼
会影响Tilly的伤口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手术。故选D。
53. B。考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一天带狗出去四次，我担心Tilly不断地爬楼梯会重新
打开伤口。A. secretly秘密地；B. constantly不断地；C. eventually最终；D. unwillingly不
情愿地。由上文的“I took the dogs out four times a day (我一天带狗出去四次)”可知，作者
一天带狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）要不断地爬楼梯。故选B。
54. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫离开了他的房子。A. left离开；B. sold卖；
C. suggested建议；D. searched搜寻。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我们是很好
的室友)”可知，二人成为室友，可得出史蒂夫离开了他的房子，和作者一起居住。故选
A。
55. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的；B. hard困难的；C. fine
好的；D. free自由的。由下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (这三条狗组成了一个团
队)”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂夫和我组成了一个好团队)”“We made good
housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相处友好，作者和史蒂夫相处也友好，可得
出一切都好。故选C。
56. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重 Flora的空
间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C.
occupied占据；D. discovered发现。由上文的“my dogs might attack 46 , the cat
(我的狗可能会攻击猫)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching (这三条狗组
成了一个团队，在训练下)”可知，起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora，但作者
的狗和史蒂夫的狗相处友好，可得出在训练下，狗不会去攻击猫，结合动物的领地意识可
知，此处指狗尊重猫的空间。故选B。
57. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重 Flora的空
间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. looking看；B. caring照顾；C. waiting
等待；D. calling打电话。由上文的“Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手术)”可知，作
者的狗Tilly做过手术，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，和作者一起照顾术后康复的 Tilly。故
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】选B。
58. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指
的小盒子向我求婚。A. delight高兴；B. credit信用；C. interest兴趣；D. disadvantage缺
点。由下文的“this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me (这个男人拿
出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求婚，作者应该是感到高兴。故选
A。
59. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust
信任；C. need需要；D. aid帮助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他没有跪下)”和
常识可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂夫没有下跪，作者对此并不在意，因为作者不需
要他下跪。故选C。
60. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. toys玩具；
B. awards奖励；C. food食物；D. water水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into
his hand and offered it to my dogs. 50 , I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水
倒在手里，递给我的狗。我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，
还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感，所以是“给爱犬喝水”的举动让二人走
到了一起。故选D。
【2022▪天津卷】When I was in sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the
clarinet (单簧管). The beginning of the year had gone ____16____. But as most students
progressed, I seemed to fall behind. One day, when my teacher told us to play in front of the other
students, I was filled with fear. I knew I would ____17___. When I began to play, my rhythms (节
奏) were good, but my tone was another ____18____. “Did you practice your lesson?” the teacher
barked at me. I felt so ____19____ and my world came ____20____ down in an instant.
From then on, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting ____21____. With the day of the
new performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset. In a moment of ___22___, I asked for
sick leave. It was so relieving and such a(n) ____23____ way out.
The avoidance of my lessons continued until my mum asked me about it. “I want to quit.”
My tears started ____24____. “If you really want to quit, why are you crying?” asked mum. She
_____25_____ and I realized I wanted to stay in band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a
black hole that would be difficult to __26____ out of. I made a __27___ not to hide from my
fears and to stand up to even the worst of them, so a ___28____ could be achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem and couldn’t
__29___ why. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, but only an unpleasant sound came out.
She didn’t ___30___ at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. To
my great ___31___ I could play well. My problem was solved and my fear was ___32___ a lot
that year.
___33___ I’m glad that I overcame my fear. Fear can ___34___ everything in a person’s
life. Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay __35___ inside.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】After facing up to a fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable.
16. A. badly B. endlessly C. randomly D.
smoothly
17. A. mess up B. move on C. set out D. take off
18. A. impression B. essay C. story D. factor
19. A. ashamed B. starved C. excited D. relaxed
20. A. crashing B. moving C. selling D. bending
21. A. stricter B. worse C. happier D. smarter
22. A. joy B. panic C. doubt D. sympathy
23. A. funny B. important C. easy D. traditional
24. A. drying B. disappearing C. flowing D. separating
25. A. had a point B. made a change C. reached a level D. took a break
26. A. send B. bring C. pick D. climb
27. A. request B. resolution C. presentation D. proposal
28. A. balance B. degree C. position D. solution
29. A. figure out B. give away C. think over D. make up
30. A. aim B. smile C. wave D. shout
31. A. anger B. sorrow C. disappointment D. surprise
32. A. felt B. shown C. removed D. voiced
33. A. Carrying on B. Looking back C. Stepping aside D.Turning around
34. A. consume B. examine C. reflect D. rescue
35. A. unknown B. unpunished C. interested D. trapped
【答案】16. D17. A18. C19. A20. A21. B22. B23. C24. C25. A26. D27. B28. D29. A30. D31.
D32. C33. B34. A35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为自己单簧管演奏得不好，感到很沮丧，决
定逃避，在妈妈的启发下，作者决定面对恐惧，找到老师寻求帮助，最终解决了问题，也
战胜了自己的恐惧。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：年初进展顺利。A. badly 严重地；B. endlessly 无穷地；C.
randomly 随机地；D. smoothly 顺利地。根据下文“But as most students progressed, I
seemed to fall behind.”可知，上下文为转折关系，年初进展顺利，但随着大多数学生的进
步，我似乎落后了。故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我知道我会搞砸的。A. mess up搞砸；B. move on继续前
进；C. set out动身，出发；D. take off起飞。根据上文“I seemed to fall behind”可知，我
似乎落后于其他同学，由此可知，我认为自己演奏的不好，会搞砸的。故选A项。
【18题详解】
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始演奏时，我的节奏很好，但我的音调是另一回事。A.
impression 印象；B. essay 散文；C. story 故事，情节；D. factor 因素。根据上文“I
seemed to fall behind”可知，我演奏的不好，虽然节奏很好，但演奏不在调上，音调是另一
回事，“my tone was another story”用来描述演奏不在调上。故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. ashamed羞愧的；
B. starved饥饿的；C. excited兴奋的；D. relaxed放松的。根据上文“Did you practice
your lesson?”可知，老师质疑我的演奏，怀疑我没有练习，由此可知，我为此感到羞愧。
故选A项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. crashing崩溃；B.
moving移动；C. selling出售；D. bending弯曲。根据上文“Did you practice your lesson?”
可知，老师质疑我的演奏，怀疑我没有练习，由此可知，我感到很羞愧，感觉世界瞬间崩
溃了。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我讨厌吹单簧管，而且越来越糟糕。A. stricter更
严格的；B. worse更糟的；C. happier更快乐的；D. smarter更聪明的。根据下文“I grew
increasingly upset”可知，我感到越来越沮丧，由此可知，我的状态越来越糟糕。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一阵恐慌中，我请了病假。A. joy喜悦；B. panic恐慌；C.
doubt疑惑；D. sympathy同情。根据上文“I hated playing the clarinet”和“With the day
of the new performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset.”可知，我讨厌吹单簧管，
我感到越来越沮丧，由此可知，因为对即将到来的表演感到恐慌，所以我请了病假。故选
B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种解脱和容易的方式。A. funny有趣的；B. important
重要的；C. easy容易的；D. traditional传统的。根据上文“I hated playing the clarinet”可
知，我讨厌吹单簧管，由此可知，我请了病假，这是一种让我解脱的容易的方式，我可以
不再面对单簧管表演。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我想退出。”我的眼泪开始流下来。A. drying使变干；B.
disappearing 消失；C. flowing 流动；D. separating 使分开。根据下文“why are you
crying”可知，我哭了，由此可知，我的眼泪流了下来。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她说得很有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，因为没有面
对我的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. had a point有道理；B. made a change
做出改变；C. reached a level 达到一定水平；D. took a break 休息一下。根据句中“I
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】realized I wanted to stay in band and”可知，我意识到我想留在乐队里，由此可知，我认为
妈妈的话“If you really want to quit, why are you crying?(如果你真的想退出，为什么要
哭？)”说得很有道理，如果我真想退出，就不会哭。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说得很有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，因为没有面对我
的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. send发送；B. bring带来；C. pick挑选；D.
climb爬。根据句中“created a black hole”可知，我无法面对我的恐惧，就像给自己创造
了一个黑洞，很难爬出来。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心，不躲避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧，我也
要与之对抗，这样才能找到解决办法。A. request请求；B. resolution正式决定，决心；C.
presentation演示；D. proposal提议。根据句中“stand up to even the worst of them”可知，
我决定与恐惧对抗，由此可知，我下定决心，不躲避自己的恐惧。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心，不躲避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧，我也
要与之对抗，这样才能找到解决办法。A. balance平衡；B. degree程度，度数；C. position
位置；D. solution解决办法。根据句中“stand up to even the worst of them”可知，我决定
与恐惧对抗，是为了找到解决问题的办法。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第二天，我见到了我的乐队老师，告诉她我有一个问题，
不理解为什么会这样。A. figure out理解，想出；B. give away赠送；C. think over仔细考
虑；D. make up编造。根据句中“The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I
was having a problem”可知，我把问题告诉老师，由此可知，我不理解为什么会这样，所
以才请教老师。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有冲我大喊大叫，递给我一个新簧片。A. aim目的是；B.
smile微笑；C. wave挥手；D. shout喊叫。根据句中“She asked me gently to play for her.”
可知，老师温柔地让我为她演奏，由此可知，她愿意帮助我解决问题，得知我的问题后，
没有冲我大喊大叫。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我非常惊讶的是，我能演奏得很好。A. anger愤怒；B.
sorrow悲伤；C. disappointment失望；D. surprise惊讶。根据句中“I could play well”可
知，我之前一直演奏不好，突然能演奏得很好，这令我感到惊讶。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年，我的问题解决了，我的恐惧消除了很多。A. felt感觉
到；B. shown展示；C. removed去除，使消失；D. voiced表达，吐露。根据句中“My
problem was solved”可知，我的问题解决了，由此可知，我的恐惧消除了很多，不再那么
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】害怕演奏了。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：回首往事，我很高兴我克服了恐惧。A. Carrying on继续；
B. Looking back回顾，回首往事；C. Stepping aside下台，让位；D. Turning around转身，
调转方向。根据句中“I overcame my fear”可知，我克服了恐惧是发生在过去的事，由此
可知，句中指回首往事，我很高兴我克服了恐惧。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：恐惧会消耗一个人生活中的一切。A. consume 消耗；B.
examine检查；C. reflect反映；D. rescue营救。根据上文“by not facing my fears, I had
created a black hole that would be difficult to _____ out of”可知，因为没有面对我的恐惧，
我陷入困境，无法面对生活，由此可知，恐惧会消耗一个人生活中的一切。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：躲避这些恐惧只会造成一个洞，让人困在里面。A. unknown
未知的；B. unpunished未受惩罚的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. trapped受困的。根据上
文“by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to _____ out
of”可知，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞，由此可知，躲避恐惧
只会造成一个洞，人被困在里面。故选D项。
（2023·四川成都·石室中学校考模拟预测）With nothing but her small boat for company,
British lawyer Victoria Evans succeeded in crossing the Atlantic Ocean.
The 35-year-old 1 4,740 kilometers in 40 days and 19 hours, 2 against high
winds, big waves and lack of sleep to 3 the fastest female solo (单人) row across the
Atlantic Ocean. Despite experiencing terrible 4 and extreme conditions along the way,
Evans 5 broke the previous world record by over eight days. “It was much 6 than
I expected,” she told CNN Sport, “I got probably the strongest wind and the adaptation you need
to keep going through was 7 .”
Evans had spent four years preparing for this 8 of a lifetime but nothing could have
readied her for the 9 of an ocean crossing. Even just before setting off, the trip was 10
by issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic which forced the challenge to be 11 by a
year. As soon as the challenge was 12 , difficulties came on the heels — High winds made
rowing and sleeping extremely difficult, causing Evans to float off 13 at times. At one
point she was even 14 outside of her cabin (舱) after a wave locked the 15 from
the inside. It took her three hours to open the 16 . Evans often unavoidably got sunburnt,
but she managed to 17 in extreme conditions.
“It’s a very 18 sport for me because you can’t get off when you’re there and you have
to 19 it. So it was so, so inviting,” said Evans, who was 20 to cross the Atlantic
after climbing Mont Blanc in 2017.
1．A．flew B．drove C．measured D．covered
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】2．A．avoiding B．battling C．facing D．surviving
3．A．aid B．match C．record D．meet
4．A．problems B．tricks C．successes D．surprises
5．A．casually B．magically C．naturally D．eventually
6．A．tougher B．stranger C．busier D．funnier
7．A．smooth B．huge C．surprising D．common
8．A．expectation B．destination C．journey D．discovery
9．A．wisdom B．discouragement C．reality D．flag
10．A．troubled B．destroyed C．guided D．monitored
11．A．motivated B．postponed C．accumulated D．shortened
12．A．halfway B．nearby C．overhead D．underway
13．A．bay B．port C．track D．island
14．A．stored B．stuck C．fixed D．discovered
15．A．drawer B．cupboard C．shelter D．door
16．A．lock B．chain C．wheel D．zipper
17．A．rescue B．escape C．lose D．recover
18．A．easy B．attractive C．mild D．basic
19．A．deal with B．break into C．take up D．come across
20．A．forced B．ordered C．inspired D．asked
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．
C 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D 16．A 17．D
18．B 19．A 20．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了35岁的英国律师维多利亚•埃文斯仅靠一艘小船陪
伴，成功地横渡了大西洋的故事。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位35岁的女选手在40天19小时内完成了4740公里的航
程，与大风、巨浪和睡眠不足作斗争，创下了女子单人划船横渡大西洋的最快纪录。A.
flew 飞；B. drove 驾驶；C. measured 测量；D. covered 行走（一段距离）。结合下文
“4,740 kilometers in 40 days and 19 hours”可知，此处指她在40天19小时内完成了4740
公里的航程，即行进了那么长的距离。故选D。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. avoiding避免；B. battling作战；斗争；C. facing面
对；D. surviving幸存。结合下文“high winds, big waves and lack of sleep”可知，此处指与
大风，巨浪和睡眠不足作斗争，故选B。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. aid帮助；B. match匹配；C. record创下记录；D.
meet会面。结合下文“the fastest female solo row across the Atlantic Ocean”及“broke the
previous world record by over eight days”可知，此处指她创下了女子单人划船横渡大西洋
的最快纪录。故选C。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管一路上遇到了很多问题和极端条件，埃文斯最终还是以
8天多的成绩打破了之前的世界纪录。A. problems问题；B. tricks诡计；C. successes成功；
D. surprises惊讶。结合上文“across the Atlantic Ocean”及下文“and extreme conditions
along the way”可知，在横渡大西洋的过程中，有很多的困难和极端条件。故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. casually随意地；B. magically神奇地；C. naturally
自然地；D. eventually最终地。结合下文“broke the previous world record by over eight
days”可知，她创下了新的记录，所以此处指最终她成功地实现了破纪录。故选D。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她告诉 CNN 体育频道说：“这比我想象的要困难得多，
我可能遭遇到了最强的风，你需要继续经历的适应是巨大的。”A. tougher更困难的；B.
stranger更奇怪的；C. busier更忙碌的；D. funnier更有趣的。结合后文“I got probably
the strongest wind and the adaptation you need to keep”可知，她划船横渡大西洋，所以这
比她想的要困难的多。故选A。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. smooth顺利的；B. huge巨大的；C. surprising令
人惊讶的；D. common 普通的。结合前文“I got probably the strongest wind and the
adaptation you need to keep going through was”可知，空处的词应和前文的strongest意思
相近，所以此处指需要适应的继续坚持是巨大的。故选B。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯花了四年的时间为这次千载难逢的旅行做准备，但面
对横渡大洋的现实，她什么也没有做好准备。A. expectation期待；B. destination目的地；
C. journey行程；旅程；D. discovery发现。结合前文内容及下文“the trip was…by issues
caused by the COVID-19 pandemic”可知，埃文斯成功地单人划船横渡大西洋，所以此处
指她花了四年时间来准备这次横渡大西洋的航行。故选C。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wisdom智慧；B. discouragement沮丧；C. reality现
实；D. flag旗帜。结合上文“high winds, big waves”及“I got probably the strongest wind
”可知，此处指大西洋上的客观现实是你无法准备应对的。故选C。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至在出发之前，这次航行就被 2019冠状病毒疾病大流行
引发的问题所困扰，迫使这一挑战推迟了一年。A. troubled困扰；B. destroyed破坏；C.
guided带领；D. monitored监视。结合下文“by issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic”
可知，此处指由于冠状病毒疾病大流行引发的问题所困扰，故选A。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. motivated 激发；B. postponed 推迟；C.
accumulated积累；D. shortened缩短。结合上文“the COVID-19 pandemic which forced
the challenge to be”及下文“by a year”可知，此处指因为冠状病毒疾病大流行引发的问题，
迫使这次挑战推迟了一年。故选B。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦挑战开始，强风使划船和睡眠变得极其困难，埃文
斯有时会漂离路线。A. halfway中途的；B. nearby附近的；C. overhead头顶上的；D.
underway 正在进行中的。结合下文“High winds made rowing and sleeping extremely
difficult”可知，这里谈到了横渡大西洋期间，所面临的恶劣的环境情形，所以此处指在挑
战进行期间，故选D。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】13．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bay湾；B. port港口；C. track路线；轨道；D.
island 岛。结合前文“High winds made rowing and sleeping extremely difficult, causing
Evans to float off ”可知，在埃文斯横渡大西洋期间，恶劣的自然环境迫使她偏离了路线。
故选C。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，她甚至被困在自己的船舱外面，因为一个波浪从
里面把门锁上了。A. stored贮存；B. stuck困住；C. fixed固定；D. discovered发现。结合
下文“outside of her cabin (舱) after a wave locked the…from the inside”可知，海浪把船舱
的门从里面锁住了，导致她被困在了船舱外面。故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. drawer抽屉；B. cupboard橱柜；C. shelter庇护所；
D. door门。结合前文“outside of her cabin (舱)”及下文“from the inside”可知，此处指大
浪把船舱的门从里面锁住了。故选D。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她花了三个小时才打开船舱门的锁。A. lock锁；B. chain
链条；C. wheel轮子；D. zipper拉链。结合上文“a wave locked the…from the inside”可知，
此处指大浪把舱门锁住了，因而此处指她用了三个小时时间把锁打开，故选A。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯经常不可避免地被晒伤，但她设法在极端条件下恢
复过来。A. rescue 营救；B. escape 逃脱；C. lose 失去；D. recover 恢复。结合前文
“British lawyer Victoria Evans succeeded in crossing the Atlantic Ocean.”可知，埃文斯成
功地横渡了大西洋，因而此处指在极端条件下，埃文斯设法恢复过来。故选D。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这对我来说是一项非常有吸引力的运动，因为当你在
那里的时候，你不能下船，你必须应对它。所以它非常非常有吸引力，”埃文斯说，她在
2017年攀登勃朗峰后，受到启发要跨越大西洋。A. easy容易的；B. attractive吸引人的；
C. mild温和的；D. basic基本的。根据后文“So it was so, so inviting(所以它非常非常吸引
人)”指这是一项非常有吸引力的运动，故选B。
19．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意同上。A. deal with解决；处理；B. break into破门而入；
C. take up从事；D. come across偶遇。结合上文“you can’t get off when you’re there”可
知，在航行中你不能下船，你需要解决这些问题。故选A。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. forced强迫；B. ordered命令；C. inspired启发，
鼓舞；D. asked询问。根据下文“after climbing Mont Blanc in 2017”可知，此处指她在
2017年成功攀登勃朗峰后，受到了启发，决定穿越大西洋。故选C。
（2023·四川成都·模拟预测）Almost eight years ago, Al Nixon decided to 41 each
day from a bench with a magnificent view of the St Petersburg, Florida, waterfront. “I call it ‘life
42 ’ because watching a sunrise makes me feel 43 before starting my day,” said
Nixon, who works for the city’s water department. He thought nothing of this habit, really. He just
44 it.
Then, one morning, a woman passing by 45 that she saw him every day. “Every
morning when I see you 46 here, I know that everything is going to be okay,” she said.
That 47 him. “That’s when I knew: I needed to 48 the people walking past,” he
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】said.
49 staring straight ahead at the waterfront, Nixon started 50 with people that
passed by. A smile, a nod. A wave. 51 contact. Soon enough, people started sitting down to
52 . Sometimes they tell him about a problem they’re having and ask for 53 . Other
times he sits with them in 54 , just sharing space with someone who wants company. His
great gift is the ability to listen without judgment and 55 his heart to everyone. He’s now
called the ”Sunshine Mayor” of St. Petersburg.
The 56 that you have on the world is far greater than you ever know. Like that
woman who walked by Nixon eight years ago 57 still has no idea that she inspired him.
Because of her 58 Nixon has brought joy, peace, and 59 to hundreds of people.
I love stories like this, because they’re a 60 that not only can you be the Al Nixon in
the story. You can he the woman walking by.
41．A．receive B．begin C．escape D．separate
42．A．suffering B．turning C．rising D．going
43．A．lonely B．normal C．puzzled D．positive
44．A．enjoyed B．changed C．limited D．mixed
45．A．promised B．commented C．apologized D．understood
46．A．sitting B．lying C．standing D．settling
47．A．relaxed B．surprised C．scared D．annoyed
48．A．look forward toB．search for C．pay attention to D．get rid of
49．A．Apart from B．Instead of C．Thanks to D．As for
50．A．interacting B．complaining C．sticking D．practising
51．A．Hand B．Call C．Eye D．Letter
52．A．sleep B．chat C．write D．serve
53．A．presence B．promotion C．advice D．mercy
54．A．honor B．wonder C．preference D．silence
55．A．expose B．open C．describe D．face
56．A．impact B．stage C．courage D．wisdom
57．A．gradually B．fortunately C．frequently D．probably
58．A．compassion B．sacrifice C．compliment D．gratitude
59．A．calm B．mind C．possession D．access
60．A．review B．recall C．report D．reminder
【答案】41．B 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．A 47．B 48．C
49．B 50．A 51．C 52．B 53．C 54．D 55．B 56．A 57．
D 58．C 59．A 60．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了八年前Al Nixon受到一个走过女人的启发，开
始和路过的人互动，给成百上千的人带来了欢乐、和平和平静。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约八年前，Al Nixon决定每天从一张长凳上开始，欣赏
佛罗里达州圣彼得堡海滨的壮丽景色。A. receive收到；B. begin开始；C. escape逃走；D.
separate 分开。根据后文“each day from a bench with a magnificent view of the St
Petersburg, Florida, waterfront”指通过欣赏佛罗里达州圣彼得堡海滨的壮丽景色开始一天，
故选B。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我称它为“生活的上升”，因为看日出会让我在开始新的
一天之前感到积极。A. suffering遭受；B. turning转弯；C. rising上升；D. going离开。根
据后文“watching a sunrise”可知，看到日出，所以是生活的上升。故选C。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我称它为“生活的上升”，因为看日出会让我在开始新
的一天之前感到积极。A. lonely 孤独的；B. normal 正常的；C. puzzled 困惑的；D.
positive积极的。根据上文“because watching a sunrise makes me feel”可知，看日出让人
感觉积极。故选D。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只是乐在其中。A. enjoyed欣赏，享受；B. changed改
变；C. limited限制；D. mixed混合。根据上文“He thought nothing of this habit, really.
(他没有想过这是一个习惯)”可知，他处于享受这种行为其中。故选A。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，有一天早上，一个路过的女人说她每天都看到他。
A. promised承诺；B. commented评论；C. apologized道歉；D. understood理解。根据后
文“Every morning when I see you”女人说的话可知，女人在对此评论。故选B。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上看到你坐在这里，我就知道一切都会好起来的。
A. sitting坐下；B. lying躺下；C. standing站立；D. settling解决。根据第一段“each day
from a bench”可知，指看到他坐在那里，故选A。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让他很吃惊。A. relaxed放松；B. surprised使惊讶；C.
scared使害怕；D. annoyed使恼怒。根据后文“That’s when I knew: I needed to”可知，女
人的话让他惊讶，所以开始注意行人，故选B。
48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“那时我才知道：我需要注意一下走过的人，”他说。A.
look forward to期待；B. search for搜索；C. pay attention to注意；D. get rid of摆脱。根
据后文“the people walking past”及常识可知，他和人们互动，要注意路过的人，故选C。
49．考查介词短语辨析。句意：Nixon没有直接盯着海滨看，而是开始与路过的人互动。
A. Apart from除了；B. Instead of而不是；C. Thanks to由于；D. As for至于。根据后文
“with people that passed by”可知，他开始和路人互动，Nixon没有直接盯着海滨看，而是
开始与路过的人互动。故选B。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nixon没有直接盯着海滨看，而是开始与路过的人互动。
A. interacting互动；B. complaining投诉；C. sticking坚持；D. practising练习。对应上文
他意识到需要注意一下走过的人，所以是和路过的人互动。故选A。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：目光接触。A. Hand手；B. Call电话；C. Eye眼睛；D.
Letter信。根据上文“A smile, a nod. A wave.”可知，此处指和人们的互动，即一个微笑，
一个点头，一个挥手，眼神接触。故选C。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，人们开始坐下来聊天。A. sleep睡觉；B. chat聊天；
C. write写；D. serve服务。根据后文“Sometimes they tell him about a problem they’re
having”可知，人们开始和他聊天。故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时他们会告诉他他们遇到的问题，并寻求建议。A.
presence 出席；B. promotion 晋升；C. advice 建议；D. mercy 同情。对应上文
“Sometimes they tell him about a problem they’re having”指就自己的问题征求建议。故选
C。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他时候，他会安静地和他们坐在一起，只是和那些想要
陪伴的人分享空间。A. honor荣誉；B. wonder好奇；C. preference偏爱；D. silence沉默。
根据后文“just sharing space with someone who wants company”可知，其他时候，他会安
静地和他们坐在一起，只是和那些想要陪伴的人分享空间。故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他最大的天赋是能够不加评判地倾听，向每个人敞开心扉
A. expose 暴露；B. open打开；C. describe描述；D. face面对。根据上文“His great gift
is the ability to listen without judgment and”可知，他最大的天赋是能够不加评判地倾听，
所以可以向每个人敞开心扉。故选B。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你对世界的影响比你想象的要大得多。A. impact影响；B.
stage舞台；C. courage勇气；D. wisdom智慧。后文列举了八年前从尼克松身边走过的女
人的例子，说明你对世界的影响比你想象的要大得多。故选A。
57．考查副词词义辨析。句意：就像八年前从尼克松身边走过的那个女人一样，她可能仍
然不知道是她激励了他。A. gradually逐渐地；B. fortunately幸运地；C. frequently频繁地；
D. probably可能。根据后文“still has no idea that she inspired him”可知，这个女人可能
仍然不知道是她激励了他。故选D。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为她的赞美，尼克松给成百上千的人带来了欢乐、和平
和平静。A. compassion同情；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. compliment赞美；D. gratitude感激。
根据第二段“I know that everything is going to be okay”可知，女人当时赞美了尼克松的行
为。故选C。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为她的赞美，尼克松给成百上千的人带来了欢乐、和平
和平静。A. calm 平静；B. mind 思维；C. possession 拥有；D. access 进入。根据上文
“brought joy, peace”指尼克松给成百上千的人带来了欢乐、和平和平静。故选A。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢这样的故事，因为它们提醒你，你不仅可以成为故
事中的艾尔·尼克松，还可以成为路过的女人。A. review回顾；B. recall想起；C. report报
告；D. reminder提醒。根据后文“that not only can you be the Al Nixon in the story, you
can he the woman walking by”指这样的故事可以提醒我们不仅可以成为故事中的艾尔·尼克
松，还可以成为路过的女人，故选D。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】
