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专题 17 完形填空之记叙文
2020-2023年高考英语完形填空考情分析
形容 副
卷别 体裁 题材 词数 动词(短语) 名词 介词 连词
词 词
2023新高考I
记叙文 越野赛经历 225 7 7 1 0 0 0
卷
2023新高考II
记叙文 帮狗狗与主人团聚 209 7 3 4 1 0 0
卷
2023全国甲卷 记叙文 不能以外表来判断食物 249 9 4 6 0 1 0
美国体操运动员
2023全国乙卷 记叙文 244 12 3 4 1 0 0
Douglas
2022新高考I
记叙文 宿营的乐趣 218 5 5 3 1 1 0
卷
2022新高考II
记叙文 新型旅行方式 209 5 6 4 0 0 0
卷
2022全国甲卷 记叙文 因狗结缘 277 8 7 1 3 0 0
2022全国乙卷 说明文 玩捉迷藏 261 7 7 4 2 0 0
2021新高考I
记叙文 我的故事 230 9 4 2 0 0 0
卷
2021新高考II
记叙文 警察成功破案 192 7 7 1 0 0 0
卷
2021全国甲卷 记叙文 入住经历 242 10 5 4 1 0 0
2021全国乙卷 夹叙夹议 表达感谢 261 10 7 1 2 0 0
2020全国卷I 记叙文 不要说谎 251 6 8 3 2 1 0
2020全国卷II 记叙文 名画真迹 287 11 4 3 2 0 0
2020全国卷III 记叙文 难对付的顾客 265 8 3 6 1 2 0
完形填空是在一篇300词左右的短文中留出15个空白（全国甲卷和乙卷是20个空白），要求考生从
每题所给的四个选项中选出正确选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺，前后连贯连贯，结构完整。该题主要考
查考生在阅读理解基础上运用词汇和语法的能力。
完形填空是学生感觉最难的题型，许多学生内心深处都对它有一种恐惧心理。要克服这种心理障碍，
就不能采用常规的方法来阅读这种“残缺的文章”，而是要学会跳读，也就是说以尽可能快的速度阅读，
如同从飞机上鸟瞰地面上的明显标志一样，迅速获取文章大意或中心思想。
换句话说，跳读是要求读者有选择地进行阅读，可跳过某些细节，以求抓住文章的大概，从而加快阅
读速度。跳读，通常以标题、关键词、中心句等为主要阅读对象。完型填空主要考查学生短文阅读理解的
能力。学生需要聚精会神阅读全文，从字里行间寻找一切线索，去理清句子之间、段落之间的关系，掌握
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】全文的中心大意，然后才能正确答题。
完形填空在选材上源于真实生活，体现理性思维，人文情怀。主题语境包括人与自我、人与自然、人
与社会。所选材料多取自原汁原味的外刊或英文网站。语言地道，充满正能量，倡导至真至善至美的价值
观和正能量，突出在语境中对英语核心素养的考查。
1.考查多为记叙文或夹叙夹议文，偶尔有说明文和议论文。以实词为主，动词占多数。虚词几乎不考
查。
2.以动词、名词为主，其次是形容词和副词。3.着重考查考生对文章语境的理解、词汇运用能力、阅
读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化的交际能力。
记叙文常见的故事基本上可分为餐厅故事、师生关系、家庭生活和个人奋斗等类型。从叙事方式来看，
故事内容基本都遵循“起-承-转-合”的常见记叙文写作思路。从正负态度来解释，则可分为两种模式:一种
为“负-正”，即故事开始就是“坏事”，后来转变为“好事”；另一种是“正-负-正”，即文章开始平静
祥和，中间经历挫折、困难，最终迎来光明美好的结局。两种模式的共同点在于，无论故事如何开篇，过
程都会经历曲折，结尾必然收获美好、充满希望。总之，完形填空的选材基本都是积极向上、引人向善的
文章。了解这些有助于考生理解文章内容、把握主人公情感走向，进而帮助解题。
记叙文解题要领：
第一步：抓住文章的中心：中心思想有助于明确解题方向，而题目即中心思想。如果没有题目，抓住
文章的开头和结尾，也可以抓住文章的中心。
第二步：角色带入法：在做题时考生可采用“角色代入法”，把自己代入角色，有助于走进作者的思
维，深人理解文章的含义。
第三步：明确写作顺序：记叙文的写作顺序有:顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清写作顺序有助于
了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
第四步：明确记叙文写作六要素：记叙文的 6 要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物
(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。
第五步：抓住文章升华：写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。
技巧归纳
技巧一：利用语义复现解题
【题型诠释】
复现是一种语义衔接手段,它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词
等重复出现来表达某一概念,使整篇文章上下连贯,有机地衔接在一起因此,考生可根据文章的具体情况,理解
文章的结构和语境利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。它包括：1.原词复现；2.同义复现；3.反义复
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】现；4.代词复现等。
该类题是完形填空中比较简单的，也是送分题。要仔细阅读，但是这些词可能隐藏的比较深；上文
可能暗示下文答案，下文可能暗示上文答案，甚至上下文信息相隔较远，因此要注意集中寻找这些暗示
信息。
【典例1】(2023上·江苏泰州·高三泰州中学校联考阶段练习）
In my 20s, my left arm became 1 paralyzed (瘫痪的) in a traffic accident. Going from two fully
functional arms to one meant I had to 2 everything I used to do with two hands. And as a person who’d
sooner get lost than ask for directions, asking for 3 was difficult for me. I just wanted to swim; in the water I
felt 4 because it removed gravity’s limitations. It was the only place I couldn’t feel the 5 of my arm.
After college, I met Coach Alan through the Challenged Athletes Foundation. He was the reason why I 6
to train for the Paralympics. I took part in my first Paralympic Games just two months after we met.
In swimming, a racing suit is called a tech suit, or a second skin. For tech suits, I aimed to go two or three
sizes smaller than my 7 size. It had taken me 15 minutes to put a tech suit on that day, but after the swimming
event, with only one hand, I couldn’t take it off. I was 8 . I was prepared to reach for the knife in my bag and
cut my way out of this expensive new 9 . A girl sitting on the bench near me, her prosthetic legs beside her,
saw me 1 0 . “Come here!” she said, grabbing me with her knees to pull me closer. We both pulled the hopeless
suit for a while. Then she called for 11 . A visually-challenged swimmer rushed over and managed to free me
with her in 1 2 a minute.
That locker room 13 became the new normal for me. And finally, I got to be on the helping end as well.
Asking for help is quite normal for anyone who lives with a 14 . “Can you pass me my leg?” “Could you tie
my shoe laces?” Helping others and accepting help is a way of life in the Paralympics.
Learning to ask for what I needed was the win I hadn’t initially set my sights on, but 15 wanting the
most.
1. A. completely B. temporarily C. roughly D. highly
2. A. return B. relearn C. recollect D. recycle
3. A. insurance B. attendance C. assistance D. avoidance
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】4. A. grateful B. forgetful C. regretful D. powerful
5. A. sensibility B. possibility C. essence D. weight
6. A. forced B. accomplished C. started D. abandoned
7. A. extraordinary B. usual C. plain D. similar
8. A. stuck B. beat C. confused D. hurt
9. A. substitute B. suit C. jewelry D. invention
10. A. abusing B. using C. recording D. struggling
11. A. help B. sorrow C. strategies D. actions
12. A. more than B. other than C. less than D. rather than
13. A. incident B. tradition C. attraction D. difference
14. A. disorder B. disbelief C. disadvantage D. disability
15. A. sent up B. ended up C. tore up D. looked up
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。“我”在二十多岁时左臂在一次交通事故中完全瘫痪，“我”开始非常喜欢游
泳的感觉，为参加残奥会训练，但是“我”穿脱泳装都非常困难，在这种困难中“我”学到了寻求帮助的
重要性。
9. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我准备伸手去拿包里的小刀，从这套昂贵的新套装上割出一条路来。A.
substitute替代品；B. suit套装；C. jewelry珠宝；D. invention发明。根据“cut my way out of this expensive
new”可知，此处是指从新泳衣上割出一条路来。故选B。
技巧二：利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题
【题型诠释】
在完形填空中,我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词
汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助我们快
速确定某些题目的正确答案。
考生在解答该类问题时，要善于把握与作者的写作态度、感悟色彩相关的词汇，特别是某些形容
词、副词。这类题型主观性较强，心理描写较多。属于较难的题目。
解该类题时，注意一要紧扣能够体现文章或段落主旨的关键词，二要计言简练。
【典例2】(2023上·江苏盐城·高三盐城市田家炳中学校联考阶段练习)
Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant (服务
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】员) asked an urgent question over the loudspeaker: “Does anyone on board know American Sign Language?” Clara
pressed the call button. The flight attendant 1 and explained the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane
who’s 2 and deaf”, she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the
flight attendants couldn’t 3 what he needed.
Clara had been studying ASL for the past year and was able to finger spell on the man’s hand. So she 4
her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and 5 by the seat of the passenger. Tim Cook Gently
taking his hand, she wrote: “How are you? Are you OK?” Tim asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara
returned to her seat. She came again a bit later because Tim wanted to know the time. Clara got him to know that it
was nearly 10 a. m. On her third 6 , she stopped and stayed for a while.
“Wow, this is cool.” Clara said to the flight attendant. In fact, he didn’t need anything. He was just 7 and
wanted to talk.”
So for the next hour, they were both 8 , chatting with each other. She talked about her family and her
9 for the future (she wants to be a politician). Tim told Clara how he had 1 0 become blind over time and
11 stories of his days as a traveling salesman.
“Clara was 1 2 ,” the flight attendant told New York Times during an online 13 . “You could see
Tim was very excited to have someone he could 14 with, and Clara was like a (an) 15 , appearing in
need, unexpectedly.”
Cook’s reaction: “Best trip I’ve ever had.”
1. A. approached B. spanned C. demonstrated D. delivered
2. A. damp B. lame C. sick D. blind
3. A. distinguish B. mention C. motivate D. comprehend
4. A. left B. tied C. unfastened D. broke
5. A. stood up B. bent over C. lay down D. turned over
6. A. journey B. chat C. letter D. visit
7. A. terrified B. pleasant C. lonely D. delighted
8. A. displayed B. regretful C. relaxed D. lucky
9. A. courses B. schedules C. contradictions D. issues
10. A. generally B. immediately C. increasingly D. gradually
11. A. shared B. forgot C. repeated D. complained
12. A. tense B. ashamed C. selfish D. caring
13. A. interview B. job C. lesson D. opportunity
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】14. A. live B. work C. communicate D. start
15. A. attendant B. angel C. hostess D. dancer
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了航班上的热心乘客Clara学过手语，帮助航班上的聋哑人Tim
解决了所需，并陪他聊天度过漫长的飞行时间的故事。
15. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以看到，有人和Tim聊天，Tim和激动，Clara就像一个天使，在
需要她的时候出现了。A. attendant乘务员；B. angel天使；C. hostess主持人；D. dancer舞蹈者。根据空后
“appearing in need”可知，在最需要她的时候出现了，故她就像天使一样，故填B。
技巧三：利用逻辑关系解题
【题型诠释】
在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。从逻辑关系的高度整体上把握，就会不
无惊喜地发现逻辑关系才是征服完形填空的最佳途径。所谓逻辑关系并不缥缈，它就隐藏在句子中、句与
句之间以及段落的衔接中。通过逻辑关系的方法，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推
测出来，从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的选项。这样做，使得题目的难度大大降低。
这种逻辑关系包括：(1) 句中逻辑关系；(2)句间逻辑关系：往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确
的逻辑关系词来体现。当然，句子的逻辑关系也不一定体现在一句话的内部，它还可以渗透到篇章的
层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。(3) 段间逻辑关系：这种逻辑关系主要体现在段落之间的衔接上。
【典例3】(2023上·江苏·高三华罗庚中学校考阶段练习)
It was just three days from Thanksgiving, and my husband, Gerald and I were on our first tour across the
Canadian prairies. 1 I knew we would be away for Thanksgiving, but the reality of it didn’t really 2 on
me before we hit the road. Now, we had to spend Thanksgiving with strangers.
We 3 in front of a small, lakeside house, mildly 4 . Would it be okay to disturb others on this
private celebration? As we 5 into Betty and Gary’s home, we were immediately met with 6 . The wood
stove took every bit of chill out of the air, and the smell of food 7 us like a soft blanket. We gathered around
the table. Our anxiety 8 as we were drawn into this circle of friendship. We told stories, shared laughs, and as
the day called us to gave 9 .
We thought we were going to spend Thanksgiving with strangers, but we really didn’t. Something 1 0
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】happens when good food is 1 1 shared around an open table. Conversations begin. 1 2 starts to flow.
Divisions disappear. Relationships are 1 3 . Through the simple act of sharing a meal together, we discover
we’re 1 4 by our desire to love, our need for 1 5 and our common humanity. What a perfect way to
celebrate Thanksgiving!
1. A. Basically B. Generally C. Honestly D. Secretly
2. A. call B. dawn C. reflect D. fall
3. A. dropped by B. headed off C. pulled up D. set out
4. A. anxious B. annoyed C. grateful D. scared
5. A. broke B. ran C. stepped D. wandered
6. A. friends B. care C. food D. warmth
7. A. surrounded B. enveloped C. flooded D. welcomed
8. A. melted away B. picked up C. leveled off D. set in
9. A. gifts B. hugs C. money D. thanks
10. A. mixed B. special C. relaxing D. typical
11. A. generously B. patiently C. casually D. cautiously
12. A. Belief B. Laughter C. Music D. Noise
13. A. born B. exposed C. fixed D. split
14. A. attached B. encouraged C. connected D. touch
15. A. courage B. justice C. liberty D. understanding
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A
12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和丈夫在第一次穿越加拿大草原的旅行中，意外地在感恩节期
间与陌生人一起庆祝的经历。
6. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们走进贝蒂和加里的家时，我们立刻得到了热情的接待。A. friends
朋友；B. care关心；C. food食物；D. warmth热情。由下文“We gathered around the table.”和“We told
stories, shared laughs, and as the day called us to”可知，作者和丈夫受到了热情款待，故选D。
技巧四：利用语境暗示分析法解题
【题型诠释】
在句组层次题中,有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题,即根据已知信息,推导出正确
答案。完形填空题中虽然也穿插了对语法、短语和词的辨析、句子结构的考查等，但对文章故事情节发展
线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】暗示与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形填空最关键的思维方式。考生在做题时要有全局观
念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的
推理判断。难选之处前后通常多有暗示，这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。
【典例4】(2023上·江苏泰州·高三江苏省兴化中学校联考阶段练习)
It’s most people’s nightmare: surviving a plane crash only to be trapped in a jungle with no way of 1 the
outside world. But this was reality for four Colombian children. 2 , they survived. The children, aged thirteen,
nine and four, as well as an 11-month-old baby, were 3 with their mother from their village in the Amazon to
visit their father.
The plane they took experienced engine problems and disappeared on May 1. Bad weather 4 the army
from finding the crash site for two weeks, 5 they later found the dead bodies of three adults, including the
children’s mother.
How did these children survive conditions that would be an unimaginable struggle for most adults? They are
members of the native group and were 6 in the jungle. 7 , they have a thorough understanding of the
rainforest. They know which fruits are safe to eat and which plants should be 8 . They survived on wild fruit,
9 the Amazon, and fed the baby water mixed with flour that they found on the plane.
While the children struggled to survive, the Colombian army cooperated with local volunteers to find them.
After 40 days of searching, the children were found and 10 to a hospital. Though many people have viewed
this survival story to be a 11 , others 12 that it is the result of the 13 knowledge of the rainforest
that has been 14 through native communities over the generations. Native tribes have a deep 15 for the
forest that provides them with shelter and food. It is their close connection to and understanding of the rainforest
that helped the children to survive.
1. A. contacting B. ignoring C. exploring D. promoting
2. A. Undoubtedly B. Incredibly C. Naturally D. Normally
3. A. cycling B. shipping C. hiking D. flying
4. A. sheltered B. freed C. prevented D. saved
5. A. where B. when C. which D. while
6. A. grown B. raised C. drilled D. developed
7. A. Therefore B. However C. Additionally D. Eventually
8. A. observed B. avoided C. stored D. harvested
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】9. A. interacting with B. defending against C. competing against D. working with
10. A. admitted B. exposed C. rushed D. delivered
11. A. miracle B. challenge C. pleasure D. disaster
12. A. rule out B. figure out C. point out D. bring out
13. A. limited B. abnormal C. inadequate D. abundant
14. A. backed down B. passed down C. torn down D. laid down
15. A. hatred B. passion C. concern D. respect
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
12. C 13. D 14. B 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了四个哥伦比亚孩子在飞机失事后被困丛林的故事。孩子们在
面对绝境时展现出了惊人的毅力和智慧，最终在经过40天的搜寻后被找到并获救。
4. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：恶劣的天气使军队在两周内无法找到坠机地点，后来他们在那里发现了
三具成年人的尸体，其中包括孩子们的母亲。A. sheltered庇护、保护；B. freed释放；C. prevented预防、
防止；D. saved挽救。主语为“bad weather”，使军队“找不到”坠机地点；短语：prevent…from…，意为
“使……无法……”，符合句意。故选C。
高考练场
技巧一：利用语义复现解题
(2021年高考英语全国I卷)
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a
baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 4 1 little bunny
(兔子) cakes for all its 4 2 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for
43 help during our spring break, for which I had no 4 4 beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d 4 5
minimum wage. I’d see how a factory 4 6 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s
dad with their 4 7 .
Our 4 8 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing
eyes and nose. 4 9 bunny from the belt. This was 5 0 than it sounds. 5 1 a bit and the cakes pile up.
As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 5 2 .
Dad 5 3 . The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood 5 4 food in Benardsville,
New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 5 5 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the
work, he told me.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
【答案】41-45 CADAB 46-50 ABCDA 51-55 BCBDD
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在一次春假时，作者去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工
作不仅能让孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
50. 【答案】 A
【解析】本题可以利用反义复现解题。尽管前文提到了“Our 48. roles in the factory were simple”，根据下
文中的“the cakes pile up” “a little more high-pressure”可知，作者想表达实际上作者他们的工作并不像听
上去那么简单，harder与simple构成反义复现。
技巧二：利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题
(2021年1月高考浙江卷)
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 36 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer
USA. Three months later I 37 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 3 8 at the thought of living
with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of 39 , my worries had gone.
Everyone was so 4 0 and like-minded that it was very 4 1 to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 42 . We had to 43 everything we
needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 44 way but in 35℃ heat and with a
heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 45 a stairway out of rock. This 46 climbing up and down the side of a mountain
inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never 4 7 .
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 48 of knowing that my 49 will be on
that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 5 0 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in
my tent. The temperature was close to 5 1 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 5 2
part of my tent.
53 , I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 54 . I think I am
much 5 5 for having taken part in the project.
36. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
37. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
38. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared D. excited
39. A. arriving B. sleeping C. thinking D. walking
40. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious
41. A. funny B. good C. lucky D. easy
42. A. tour B. project C. campaign D. course
43. A. drop B. make C. carry D. buy
44. A. nice B. safe C. long D. quick
45. A. build B. test C. clean D. guard
46. A. helped B. ended C. allowed D. meant
47. A. hunted B. trained C. seen D. fed
48. A. satisfaction B. ambition C. expectation D. intention
49. A. work B. memory C. record D. story
50. A. left B. caught C. attacked D. separated
51. A. boiling B. average C. normal D. freezing
52. A. tidy B. dry C. new D. soft
53. A. By the way B. Regardless of that C. Needless to say D. In either case
54. A. survived B. resisted C. escaped D. recovered
55. A. smarter B. stronger C. happier D. busier
【答案】36-40 DDCAB 41-45 DBCCA 46-50 DCAAB 51 DBCAB
【导语】本文主要讲的是作者去参加一个志愿项目，历经苦难，后来变得更加强大的故事。
48.【答案】A
【解析】本题可以利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题。根据划线处后半句“my 49 work will be on that
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】mountainside for years to come is massive”，“了解我的工作成果(work)将会在未来数年都在这个山坡上”，
作者对自己的工作有十足的满足感，故用 satisfaction“满足,满足感”。
技巧三：利用逻辑关系解题
(2021·天津卷3月)
For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got 16 when
he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 1 7 took a turn. After letting
go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 1 8 .
For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was 1 9 his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping,
he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 20 of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if
the person who'd taken his bike really needed 2 1 to get to work?
With that thought in mind, Pruitt 22 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 23 to fix
bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again
24 . And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn’t have the 2 5 to buy one.
The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty 26 bicycles. Then came more than 500 27 for
detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be 28 to their
owners.
Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are 29 struggling. 30 simply satisfying a material
need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
In addition to 31 skills, Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of
community. 3 2 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
“It’s a really great 33 for kids,” said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. “Pruitt is
certainly providing a 34 , but it’s not just the bikes. It’s the relationships in the community. It’s the 3 5
that he can make on people.”
16. A. amazed B. mad C. curious D. frightened
17. A. emotions B. career C. opinions D. route
18. A. ever B. together C. instead D. yet
19. A. ride B. lock C. repair D. replace
20. A. lack B. variety C. increase D. quality
21. A. instruction B. qualification C. transportation D. permission
22. A. came up with B. stuck to C. gave up D. broke away from
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】23. A. remembered B. refused C. hesitated D. offered
24. A. by accident B. in advance C. for free D. on credit
25. A. profit B. budget C. courage D. excuse
26. A. shared B. used C. expensive D. modern
27. A. enquiries B. advertisements C. notices D. announcements
28. A. exported B. sold C. lent D. returned
29. A. hardly B. slightly C. truly D. instantly
30. A. Without B. Beyond C. Upon D. Among
31. A. practical B. commercial C. mathematical D. social
32. A. Otherwise B. However C. Somehow D. Meanwhile
33. A. promise B. celebration C. comfort D. experience
34. A. competition B. service C. ceremony D. suggestion
35. A. compromise B. impression C. impact D. Progress
【答案】16-20 BACDA 21-25 CADCB 26-30 BADCB 31-35 ADDBC
【导语】本文为记叙文，讲述主人公Robbie Pruitt在自己的山地自行车被盗之后，想到可能因为疫情的缘
故，偷车人真的需要自行车。他决定免费帮助人们修理自行车，并回收人们不要的自行车修好之后捐给需
要的人，对社会产生了良好的影响。
32.【答案】D
【解析】本题考查连接词，可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据语境可知，此处表示与此同时，孩子们也获得了
成就感otherwise “否则，不然”；however “但是”；somehow “以某种方式”；meanwhile “与此同
时”。
技巧四：利用语境暗示分析法解题
(2021·高考英语全国卷甲)
It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont
Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was 41 at the hotel on business and planning to 42 some friends in the area. They had
asked him to 4 3 some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east.So he 4 4 a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he
was 45 that it would be too warm, he 46 it out on the table near an open window. He thought his
pepperoni was 4 7 and well chilled (冷却) and he 4 8 .
That’s when things went 4 9 . “I remember walking down the long 5 0 and opening the door to my
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 51 to the 4-star hotel. “The
seagulls immediately went 52 . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 53 at the same
time, and pepperoni—everywhere.The curtains were falling down; the lamps were falling down. It was a real
54 .”
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
“I have 55 and I admit responsibility for my 56 ,” he said in the letter. “I come to you, 57 ,
to apologize for the damage I had 5 8 caused and to ask you to 5 9 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter 60 . Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont
said.
41. A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing
42. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
43. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
44. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
45. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
46. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
47. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
48. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
49. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
50. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
51. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
52. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
53. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
54. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
55. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
56. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
57. A. hands in pockets B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
58. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
59. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
60. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
【答案】41-45 BACAD 46-50 DBACC 51-55 BDBAD 56-60 DCACB
【导语】本文为记叙文。多年前，Burchill入住一家宾馆。他带的辣香肠把一群海鸥吸引到了房间里，这
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】群海鸥乱飞乱闯，给宾馆造成了很大损失，Burchill被告知终身不得入住这家宾馆。后来，他的道歉信起
了作用，最后酒店取消了对他的终身禁令，欢迎他再次入住。
44.【答案】A
【解析】本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文“They had asked him to 43 bring some pepperoni
(辣香肠) from back east”，可推知Burchill 应该是装了一手提箱的辣香肠带给朋友，此题选A符合上下文
语境。
名校模拟
(1)
(2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考一模) I stopped at the top of the hill, my right foot pressed back
against the coaster brake (脚刹) on my bicycle. All I needed to do was to 1 my foot, and I would be swept
down the hill. But I 2 . To my 12-year-old eyes, the hill was a mountain and the slope was 3 steep,
which prevented me taking up the challenge.
When I returned to my hometown more than three decades later with my friends Dave and Scott, we 4
to the base of the hill and walked our bikes 5 . We stood once more at the top of that hill, looking down from
the edge, but this time with a 6 set of eyes. To our surprise, now the 7 seemed more obvious, even
larger than we’d imagined as kids. We knew that once we started down, there was no stopping or 8 . And right
at the bottom of the hill, we would have to turn left to 9 dumping into the stream.
Dave went first. Then I was next. My heart was pounding. I 1 0 on the bike for a moment. Then I
released the brake and yielded myself to 1 1 . I skidded to a stop next to Dave. Scott followed. The three of us
spent several minutes laughing, draining off the adrenaline (肾上腺素). We had 1 2 the childhood challenge
of riding our bikes down the steep hill.
We didn’t know it then, but we’d face many similar 1 3 over the years — leaving home, getting married,
moving to a different town, starting a new job, and many others — that would cause us to pause at the 1 4 and
collect our courage 1 5 we launched ourselves down the trails of our lives.
1. A. stamp B. break C. lift D. keep
2. A. paused B. started C. charged D. fell
3. A. unnecessarily B. incredibly C. occasionally D. hardly
4. A. ran B. rode C. climbed D. wandered
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】5. A. out B. off C. away D. up
6. A. similar B. whole C. different D. smart
7. A. risk B. stream C. slope D. assumption
8. A. turning back B. looking down C. giving in D. breaking out
9. A. get B. avoid C. make D. search
10. A. called B. improved C. smiled D. balanced
11. A. pressure B. fate C. gravity D. difficulty
12. A. recalled B. completed C. forgotten D. received
13. A. activities B. troubles C. lessons D. periods
14. A. corner B. route C. edge D. line
15. A. when B. because C. after D. before
(2)
(2023上·江苏南京·高三南京外国语学校校考期中) Dorothy Casterline was an American researcher, writer
and poet. It took decades for her contributions to deaf culture to be 1 . In 1965, the deaf linguist worked with
two others to 2 the first dictionary of American Sign Language. Their Dictionary of American Sign Language
on Linguistic Principles 3 ASL as a distinct language with its own syntax (句法), and organized signs by
hand movement rather than 4 order. The book was met with 5 among linguists, who saw ASL as 6
a gestural branch of English, and it wasn’t until the 1980s that Casterline was 7 with helping create deaf
cultural identity. “We were 8 think of ASL as a picture language,” she said.” Seeing these 9 symbols
for the first time can be discouraging.“
Born in Honolulu to Japanese-American parents, Casterline lost her hearing in her teens 10 illness. She
studied English at Gallaudet University, a school for the deaf, and graduated with honors in 1958. She then joined
the school’s English faculty the first person of color on 11 and became a researcher at the linguistics lab,
transcribing thousands of hours of interviews to compile the ASL dictionary. The work became a 12 , and she
toiled “late into the night and on weekends, sometimes with her newborn son in one arm,” said The New York
Times.
After the book was done, Casterline left academia to raise her children. Last year, Gallaudet awarded her an
honorary doctorate in recognition of work that 1 3 “a renaissance in the history of the deaf community,” said
Gallaudet.edu. She remained 14 of the book, saying she wrote it “to show that deaf people can be studied as
linguistic and cultural communities, and not only as 1 5 .”
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】1. A. restored B. remembered C. received D. recognized
2. A. translate B. purchase C. develop D. consult
3. A. presented B. labelled C. transformed D. defined
4. A. direct B. spatial C. random D. alphabetical
5. A. approval B. skepticism C. laughter D. success
6. A. absolutely B. completely C. merely D. barely
7. A. credited B. burdened C. rewarded D. charged
8. A. led to B. conditioned to C. bound to D. appointed to
9. A. interesting B. unique C. impressive D. strange
10. A. in B. with C. from D. of
11. A. duty B. staff C. board D. business
12. A. passion B. torture C. dream D. routine
13. A. passed B. shot C. halted D. sparked
14. A. sure B. optimistic C. conscious D. proud
15. A. examples B. victims C. wastes D. members
(3)
(2023上·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考期中) As I sat motionless on the steps of the pool, watching everyone
else swim back and forth, I realized that I had spent most of my life watching others enjoy themselves. It was then
that I noticed a little girl staring at me with a look of bewilderment. I smiled at her, hoping to break the 1 by
talking to her. Unfortunately, my 2 failed and she just kept on staring. My awkwardness 3 as a little
boy swam up to me and said, “I feel sorry for you.”
After the 4 , a thought 5 me— I had to change how the world viewed me. Because it was children
who stared at me the most, I decided to write a children’s book that taught them about disabilities in a/an 6
way. This is when KatGirl, a superhero in a wheelchair came into my mind.
I quickly wheeled inside my apartment and began creating the story. 7 I wrote each word, I could 8
my future as a world-renowned author and public speaker. My excitement 9 like wildfire. Over the next two
years, the story 10 many changes before it saw the world in the spring of 2011. My perseverance 11
paid off.
One day I was invited to speak to the students at a neighboring school. “How do you feel when you see me?” I
asked them. The kids bravely 1 2 , “I feel sorry for you.”
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】I opened my book and started reading. Immediately I noticed the children’s stares turned to 13 . “How do
you feel when you see me?” I asked again. Without hesitation they replied, “You are so cool! Does your 14
fly too?” I just smiled, “No, not yet, but maybe someday.” I knew in my heart that this was 15 . The past two
years had proven to me that with resolution anything was possible.
1. A. ice B. rule C. box D. code
2. A. project B. insight C. attempt D. sacrifice
3. A. withdrew B. increased C. accelerated D. vanished
4. A. consultation B. encounter C. argument D. interview
5. A. struck B. enhanced C. refreshed D. overlooked
6. A. harsh B. exclusive C. persistent D. fun
7. A. As B. Although C. Now that D. Even if
8. A. revise B. picture C. boost D. assign
9. A. spread B. recovered C. unfolded D. mounted
10. A. turned down B. got over C. went through D. dried up
11. A. randomly B. ultimately C. instantly D. constantly
12. A. ignored B. responded C. imitated D. recommended
13. A. efforts B. doubts C. smiles D. tears
14. A. body B. dream C. chair D. book
15. A. funny B. strange C. false D. true
(4)
(2023上·江苏盐城·高三盐城市伍佑中学校联考阶段练习) It was a rainy, damp December day. I was
headed to the store to pick up another week’s worth of 1 . I kept the CD player on while I drove to avoid the
radio news. It only spoke of the world’s huge problems and how 2 we all still were in Covid-19. And it
usually just left me feeling 3 .
Still, I gave my son a 4 to put in the charity kettle at the door to the store. We went in and soon filled our
cart with food. I 5 using the self-checkout machines. I much preferred to chat with the friendly 6 , but
the line at them was five deep and I just didn’t have the 7 . Just then I heard the man at the machine next to
mine 8 . He only had a few items but every time he put his 9 twenty dollar bill into the machine it spit it
back out. I quickly 1 0 a newer twenty out of my wallet and gave it to him. He thanked me with a 11
smile. I told him to keep his money but he 1 2 that I take his old twenty.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】After 1 3 I remembered something, Mother Teresa had once said about how we all can 1 4 the
world. “Help one person at a time,” she said. “And always start with the person nearest you.” I smiled and went
outside. Then I dropped that old twenty into the 1 5 and walked to my car.
1. A. food B. presents C. medicine D. books
2. A. motivated B. convinced C. divided D. impressed
3. A. confident B. energetic C. hesitant D. helpless
4. A. CD B. toy C. dollar D. ticket
5. A. suggested B. hated C. admitted D. denied
6. A. customers B. waiters C. managers D. cashiers
7. A. time B. energy C. chance D. right
8. A. praying B. complaining C. bargaining D. screaming
9. A. frozen B. folded C. broken D. wrinkled
10. A. pressed B. rolled C. grabbed D. directed
11. A. weak B. warm C. bitter D. false
12. A. insisted B. ensured C. begged D. ordered
13. A. looking out B. pulling out C. breaking out D. checking out
14. A. control B. protect C. change D. shock
15. A. store B. kettle C. pocket D. machine
(5)
(2023 上·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考阶段练习) When I was in middle school, I tried my best to be
popular. However, one afternoon, I had a(n) 1 with my mother, which changed my mind eventually.
We were sitting in the dining area of a local restaurant. I told her that I wanted to be 2 . She asked me
why I felt that way. Surprisingly, I had never stopped to think about why I felt the need to fit in. I 3 did it.
My mother told me a story. My grandmother made her several 4 sweater vests. Although those were
hardly “in style”, my mother really 5 to wear them. It was surprising that many other female students at her
school began wearing sweater vests after a few weeks. My mother had started a 6 because the other students
saw the 7 with which she dressed.
At that time, the information was too much for a thirteen-year-old girl to 8 . I didn’t believe her. I thought
my mother was 9 . So I continued to wear the same clothes, seeking popularity as usual —I had not yet seen
the light at the end of a dark tunnel then. However, our conversation that day 1 0 over and over in my mind.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】I thought long and carefully, and then I 1 1 that my mother’s words might have some 1 2 . I began to
check my wardrobe (衣柜) to find which items I’d bought because I truly like them. I also 13 my actions,
trying to determine how many of them I wore to 14 the crowd. Gradually, I found myself caring less and less
about what people thought about me. I was greatly 1 5 .
The conversation I had with my mother was a valuable lesson for me. Sometimes swimming against the
current can only make me stronger.
1. A. appointment B. conversation C. celebration D. argument
2. A. popular B. generous C. cautious D. polite
3. A. merely B. suitably C. completely D. temporarily
4. A. expensive B. fashionable C. perfect D. comfortable
5. A. pretended B. loved C. refused D. afforded
6. A. trend B. campaign C. project D. fight
7. A. shock B. embarrassment C. charm D. benefit
8. A. release B. mix C. deliver D. chew
9. A. mistaken B. right C. rude D. patient
10. A. rang B. shouted C. shook D. fled
11. A. remembered B. denied C. wondered D. realized
12. A. difficulty B. truth C. explanations D. limitation
13. A. got rid of B. fit in with C. looked back on D. put up with
14. A. upset B. please C. hurt D. honor
15. A. curious B. puzzled C. disappointed D. relieved
参考答案与解析
(1)答案：
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 12.
B 13. B 14. C 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和朋友骑自行车下山的故事，以及他们面对挑战的经历。作
者通过这次经历，意识到人生中需要勇气和决心去面对各种挑战。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所需要做的就是抬起我的脚，然后我就会被冲下山去。A. stamp重踩；B.
break 打破；C. lift 抬起，提起；D. keep 保持。根据上文“my right foot pressed back against the coaster
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】brake”和句中“I would be swept down the hill”可知，作者右脚踩着刹车，所以现在只要抬起脚，车就会冲
下山去。故选C项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我停了下来。A. paused暂停；B. started开始；C. charged充电；D. fell落
下。根据句中“But”和下文“which prevented me taking up the challenge.”可知，作者感到害怕，所以没有松
刹车，停在了山顶。故选A项。
3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在12岁的我看来，这个山丘就是一座大山，而且坡度非常陡峭，这让我无
法面对挑战。A. unnecessarily不必要地；B. incredibly非常地；C. occasionally有时；D. hardly几乎不。根
据句中“a mountain”和“which prevented me taking up the challenge.”可知，作者觉得山很大，坡非常得陡，
所以不敢向前。故选B项。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三十多年后，我和朋友戴夫和斯科特一起回到家乡，我们骑到山脚下，推着
自行车爬上山。A. ran跑；B. rode骑(自行车、马等)；C. climbed爬；D. wandered漫步。根据句中“walked
our bikes”可知，三十多年后，作者和朋友又骑车到了山下。故选B项。
5. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：三十多年后，我和朋友戴夫和斯科特一起回到家乡，我们骑到山脚下，推着
自行车爬上山。A. out外；B. off关闭；C. away远离；D. up向上。根据下文“We stood once more at the top
of that hill”可知，作者一行推着车上了山。故选D项。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们又一次站在山顶上，从山顶的边缘往下看，但这一次我们换了一双不
同的眼睛。A. similar相似的；B. whole整个的；C. different不同的；D. smart聪明的。根据上文“When I
returned to my hometown more than three decades later with my friends Dave and Scott”和句中“We stood once
more at the top of that hill”可知，虽然是同样的地方，但现在已经是三十年后，现在的“眼睛”与之前不同。
故选C项。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们惊讶的是，现在风险似乎更明显了，甚至比我们小时候想象的还要大。
A. risk风险；B. stream小溪；C. slope斜坡；D. assumption假设。根据下文“even larger than we’d imagined
as kids. We knew that once we started down, there was no stopping or 8 . And right at the bottom of the hill,
we would have to turn left to 9 dumping into the stream.”可知，作者在描述下山之路的风险。故选A项。
8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们知道，一旦我们开始下行，就没有停止或回头的可能。A. turning back
回头；B. looking down俯视；C. giving in让步；D. breaking out爆发。根据上文可知，坡非常陡峭，结合句
中“no stopping”可知，一旦向下，自行车就不能停下，也不能回头。故选A项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在山脚下，我们必须向左拐以避免栽进小溪里。A. get得到；B. avoid避免；
C. make制造；D. search搜索。根据句中“dumping into the stream”可知，“栽进小溪”是要避免发生的事
情。故选B项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了一会儿时间在自行车上调整平衡。A. called叫做；B. improved提高；
C. smiled微笑；D. balanced使平衡。结合常识，自行车出发前要调整一下平衡，更不用说作者现在要向山
下冲去，所以他们需要调整平衡，做好准备工作。故选D项。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我松开刹车，让自己屈服于重力。A. pressure压力；B. fate命运；C.
gravity重力；D. difficulty困难。作者一行是骑车下山，结合常识，下坡的时候，重力让自行车下行，所以
作者说自己“屈服于”重力。故选C项。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们完成了儿时的挑战——骑自行车从陡峭的山坡上下来。A. recalled回忆；
B. completed完成；C. forgotten忘记；D received收到。根据上文可知，作者和朋友三十年前没敢骑车冲下
山，所以现在是完成了儿时的挑战。故选B项。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们并不知道，但在之后的几年里，我们会面临许多类似的问题
——离家、结婚、搬到另一个城镇、开始一份新工作等等——这让我们在开始自己的人生之路之前，在边
缘停下来，鼓起勇气。A. activities活动；B. troubles问题；C. lessons课程，教训；D. periods期间，周期。
根据句中“that would cause us to pause”和“collect our courage”这知，这些事情都是我们生活会面对的问题，
会让我们踌躇不前，需要我们鼓足勇气。故选B项。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们并不知道，但在之后的几年里，我们会面临许多类似的问题
——离家、结婚、搬到另一个城镇、开始一份新工作等等——这让我们在开始自己的人生之路之前，在边
缘停下来，鼓起勇气。A. corner角落，拐角处；B. route路线；C. edge边缘；D. line线，排。照应第二段
中“We stood once more at the top of that hill, looking down from the edge”作者用edge比喻出发前的踌躇和等
待。故选C项。
15. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们并不知道，但在之后的几年里，我们会面临许多类似的问题
——离家、结婚、搬到另一个城镇、开始一份新工作等等——这让我们在开始自己的人生之路之前，在边
缘停下来，鼓起勇气。A. when当……的时候；B. because因为；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。
根据句中“collect our courage”和“we launched ourselves down the trails of our lives.”可知，在出发前要先鼓
起勇气，用before引导时间状语从句。故选D项。
(2)答案：
1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B 12.
A 13. D 14. D 15. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述Dorothy Casterline开发第一本美国手语字典，认为ASL是独立的语言。
她成为聋人社群的文化认同贡献者，受到Gallaudet大学表彰。她希望通过字典展示聋人不仅仅是受害者，
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】而是可以作为语言和文化社群进行研究的群体。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几十年后，她对聋人文化的贡献才得到认可。A. restored 恢复；B.
remembered记得；C. received收到；D. recognized认可。根据后文“After the book was done, Casterline left
academia to raise her children. Last year, Gallaudet awarded her an honorary doctorate in recognition of work that
3 “a renaissance in the history of the deaf community,” said Gallaudet.edu.”可知，几十年后，她对聋人文
化的贡献得到认可。故选D项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1965年，这位失聪的语言学家与另外两人合作编写了第一本美国手语词典。
A. translate 翻译；B. purchase 购买；C. develop 研制；D. consult 查阅。根据后文“Their Dictionary of
American Sign Language on Linguistic Principles”可知，是他们编写了美国手语词典。故选C项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的《美国手语语言学原理词典》将美国手语视为一种独特的语言，有自
己的语法，并通过手部动作而不是字母顺序来组织手语。A. presented展现；B. labelled贴标签于；C.
transformed使改观；D. defined定义。根据后文“ASL as a distinct language with its own syntax”可知，此处
是“将美国手语视为一种独特的语言”之意，present sth. as意为“把某物看作”符合语境。故选A项。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的《美国手语语言学原理词典》将美国手语视为一种独特的语言，有
自己的语法，并通过手部动作而不是字母顺序来组织手语。A. direct直接的；B. spatial空间的；C. random
随机的；D. alphabetical 按字母顺序排列的。根据前文“Their Dictionary of American Sign Language on
Linguistic Principles”结合常识可知，字典一般都是按字母顺序来组织的。故选D项。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书遭到了语言学家的质疑，他们认为美国手语只是英语的一个手势分支，
直到20世纪80年代，卡斯特琳才被认为帮助创造了聋哑人的文化身份。A. approval批准；B. skepticism怀
疑态度；C. laughter 笑声；D. success 成功。根据前文“Their Dictionary of American Sign Language on
Linguistic Principles 3 ASL as a distinct language with its own syntax”以及后文“who saw ASL as 6 a
gestural branch of English”可知，语言学家认为美国手语只是英语的一个手势分支，而不是一种独特的语言，
所以遭到了质疑。故选B项。
6. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这本书遭到了语言学家的质疑，他们认为美国手语只是英语的一个手势分支，
直到20世纪80年代，卡斯特琳才被认为帮助创造了聋人的文化身份。A. absolutely绝对地；B. completely
完全地；C. merely仅仅；D. barely几乎不。根据前文“The book was met with 5 among linguists”可知，
字典遭到语言学家的质疑，因为他们认为美国手语仅仅是英语的一个手势分支。故选C项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书遭到了语言学家的质疑，他们认为美国手语只是英语的一个手势分支，
直到20世纪80年代，卡斯特琳才被认为帮助创造了聋哑人的文化身份。A. credited认为是…的功劳；B.
burdened担负(重担)；C. rewarded奖励；D. charged控告。根据前文“It took decades for her contributions to
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】deaf culture to be 1 .”可知，卡斯特琳对聋人文化有贡献。故选A项。
8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我们习惯于认为美国手语是一种图片语言，”她说。A. led to导致；B.
conditioned to习惯于；C. bound to绑定到；D. appointed to任命。根据后文“Seeing these 9 symbols
for the first time can be discouraging.”可知，因为习惯于认为美国手语是一种图片语言，所以第一次看到这
些奇怪的符号可能会让人沮丧。故选B项。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次看到这些奇怪的符号可能会让人沮丧。A. interesting有趣的；B.
unique独特的；C. impressive给人印象深刻的；D. strange奇怪的。根据后文“symbols for the first time can
be discouraging.”结合选项，应是第一次看到这些奇怪的符号可能会让人沮丧符合实际。故选D项。
10. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：卡斯特琳出生在檀香山，父母是日裔美国人，她十几岁时因病失去了听力。
A. in在……里面；B. with和…在一起；C. from因为；D. of属于。根据前文“lost her hearing”以及后文
“illness”可知，此处表达“因病失去了听力”之意。故选C项。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随后，她加入了该校的英语系，成为第一位有色人种员工，并成为语言学
实验室的一名研究员，记录了数千小时的采访，编纂了美国手语词典。A. duty责任；B. staff工作人员；C.
board委员会；D. business商业。根据后文“became a researcher at the linguistics lab, transcribing thousands of
hours of interviews to compile the ASL dictionary.”可知，她成为了该校的员工。故选B项。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这份工作成了她的一种激情，她“一直工作到深夜和周末，有时一手抱着
刚出生的儿子”，《纽约时报》说。A. passion激情；B. torture折磨；C. dream梦；D. routine常规。根据
后文“late into the night and on weekends, sometimes with her newborn son in one arm”可知，她一直工作到深
夜和周末，甚至带着刚出生的儿子工作，所以这份工作成了她的一种激情。故选A项。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，加劳德特大学授予她荣誉博士学位，以表彰她的工作引发了“聋人
社区历史上的复兴”。A. passed通过；B. shot射击；C. halted停止；D. sparked引发。根据前文“and it
wasn’t until the 1980s that Casterline was 7 with helping create deaf cultural identity.”可知，她帮助创造了
聋哑人的文化身份，所以是引发了“聋人社区历史上的复兴”。故选D项。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她仍然为这本书感到骄傲，说她写这本书“是为了表明，聋哑人可以作
为语言和文化群体来研究，而不仅仅是作为受害者。”A. sure一定的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. conscious
有意识的；D. proud骄傲的。根据前文“In 1965, the deaf linguist worked with two others to 2 the first
dictionary of American Sign Language.”可知，这是第一本美国手语词典，结合实际，她应是感到骄傲。故选
D项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她仍然为这本书感到骄傲，说她写这本书“是为了表明，聋哑人可以作为
语言和文化群体来研究，而不仅仅是作为受害者。”A. examples例子；B. victims受害者；C. wastes废物；
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】D. members成员。根据前文“to show that deaf people can be studied as linguistic and cultural communities”可
知，她希望聋哑人是被认为语言和文化群体来研究，结合选项，聋人身体有缺陷，通常被认为是受害者，
所以而不是受害者。故选B项。
(3)答案：
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 12.
B 13. C 14. C 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者虽然身体残疾，但是他通过写儿童读物用有趣的方式改变了孩子
们对残疾人的看法。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对她微笑，希望能和她说话打破僵局。A. ice冰；B. rule规则；C. box盒
子；D. code代码。由上文“I smiled at her”可知，作者希望用微笑来打破僵局。break the ice表“打破僵
局”，符合句意。故选A。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我的尝试失败了，她只是继续盯着。A. project项目；B. insight
洞察力；C. attempt尝试；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据“Unfortunately”和“failed”可知，这里指和女孩谈话的尝
试（attempt）失败。故选C。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到更加尴尬，当一个小男孩游到我面前说：“我为你感到难过。”A.
withdrew收回；B. increased增加；C. accelerated加速；D. vanished消失。由下文“a little boy swam up to
me and said, ‘I feel sorry for you.’”可知，另一个小孩对作者的异样对待更增加了（increased）作者的尴尬。
故选B。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次邂逅之后，我突然有了一个想法——我必须改变世界对我的看法。A.
consultation咨询；B. encounter偶遇；C. argument争论；D. interview采访。根据下文“by chance”可知，此
处指这次和两个孩子的偶遇（encounter）之后，作者有了新想法。故选B。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那次邂逅之后，我突然有了一个想法——我必须改变世界对我的看法。A.
struck打；突然意识到；B. enhanced加强；C. refreshed更新；D. overlooked忽视。根据上文“a thought”可
知，此处指某人突然想到，应用短语为sth. strike sb.。故选A。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为盯着我看的最多的是孩子们，我决定写一本儿童书，以一种有趣的方
式教他们有关残疾的知识。A. harsh严厉的；B. exclusive独家的；C. persistent持续的；D. fun有趣的。由
下文“a superhero in a wheelchair came into my mind”可知，作者描述一个坐轮椅的超级英雄，这是一个有
趣的（fun）教导孩子们残疾知识的方式。故选D。
7. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我写下每一个字时，我就能想象自己未来会成为一个世界著名的作家和
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】演说家。A. As当……时候；B. Although虽然；C. Now that既然；D. Even if即使。由下文“I wrote each
word”以及语境可知，此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”此处应用as。故选A。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我写下每一个字时，我就能想象自己未来会成为一个世界著名的作家和演
说家。A. revise修改；B. picture想象；C. boost推动；D. assign分派。根据下文“my future as a world-
renowned author and public speaker”可知，作者写下每一个字的时候，就想象（picture）自己可以成为一个
世界知名的作家和演说家，以此来激励自己继续写作，故选B。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的兴奋像野火一样蔓延开来。A. spread传播；蔓延；B. recovered恢复；
C. unfolded打开；D. mounted登上。根据上文“my future as a world-renowned author and public speaker”可知，
有了写作动力，作者的兴奋就像野火一样蔓延（spread）。故选A。
10. 考查动词词组辨析。句意：在接下来的两年里，这个故事经历了很多修改，直到2011年春天才与世界
见面。A. turned down拒绝；B. got over克服；C. went through经历；D. dried up干涸。根据下文“many
changes before it saw the world”可知，在接下来的两年里，直到2011年春天出版前，这个故事经历（went
through）了多次修改。故选C。
11. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的坚持最终得到了回报。A. randomly随机地；B. ultimately最后；C.
instantly立刻；D. constantly持续地。根据上文“before it saw the world in the spring of 2011”可知，作者的书
问世，作者的坚持最后（ultimately）得到了回报。故选B。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们勇敢地回答说：“我为你感到难过。”A. ignored 忽视；B.
responded回答，反应；C. imitated模仿；D. recommended推荐。此处指学生们勇敢地回答（responded）作
者的问题“How do you feel when you see me?”。故选B。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻注意到孩子们的目光变成了微笑。A. efforts努力；B. doubts怀疑；
C. smiles微笑；D. tears眼泪。根据孩子们的回答“You are so cool!”可知，孩子们的眼神由盯着变成了微笑
（smiles）。故选C。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们毫不犹豫地回答说：“你真酷！你的椅子也会飞吗？”A. body身体；
B. dream 梦想；C. chair 椅子；D. book 书。根据文意和上文“This is when KatGirl, a superhero in a
wheelchair came into my mind.”可知，是孩子们问作者的轮椅（chair）会飞吗？故选C。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我心里知道这是真的。A. funny有趣的；B. strange奇怪的；C. false错误
的；D. true真的。根据下文“The past two years had proven to me that with resolution anything was possible.”
可知，虽然给孩子们的答复是不确定轮椅会不会飞，但作者心里知道轮椅总有一天会“飞”。故选D。
(4)答案：
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B 12.
A 13. D 14. C 15. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在一次去商店买东西的时候，帮助了一个在自助结账机结账
时遇到问题的人的故事。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正要去商店买一星期的食物。A. food食物；B. presents礼物；C. medicine
药；D. books书。由第二段的“filled our cart with food”可知，作者是去商店买食物。故选A。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它只谈到了世界上的巨大问题，以及我们在Covid-l9中仍然有多么分歧。
A. motivated有……动机的；B. convinced确信的；C. divided分裂的；D. impressed印象深刻的。由“in
Covid-l9”可知，疫情下人和人之间比较疏远，因此空格处是“分裂的”。故选C。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这通常只会让我感到无助。A. confident自信的；B. energetic精力充沛的；
C. hesitant犹豫的；D. helpless无助的。由上文的“how __2__ we all still were in Covid-l9”可知，疫情下人
和人之间比较疏远，所以让作者感到无助。故选D。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是给了儿子一美元，让他把慈善水壶放在商店门口。A. CD
光盘；B. toy玩具；C. dollar美元；D. ticket票。由后文的“put in the charity kettle”可知，是往慈善水壶里
捐钱，空格处是“美元”。故选C。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我讨厌使用自助结账机。A. suggested建议；B. hated不喜欢；C. admitted承
认；D. denied否认。由后文的“I much preferred to chat with the friendly __6__”可知，作者不喜欢用自助结
账机。故选B。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我更喜欢和友好的收银员聊天，但他们面前的队伍有五个人，我没有时间。
A. customers顾客；B. waiters服务生；C. managers经理；D. cashiers收银员。由上文的“I __5__ using the
self-checkout machines”可知，作者不爱用自助结账机，那就是喜欢和结账处的收银员聊天。故选D。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我更喜欢和友好的收银员聊天，但他们面前的队伍有五个人，我没有时间。
A. time时间；B. energy能量；C. chance机会；D. right权利。由上文的“the line at them was five deep”可知
前面还有五个人排队，作者没有时间等。故选A。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我听到旁边机器旁的人在抱怨。A. praying祈祷；B. complaining
抱怨；C. bargaining讨价还价；D. screaming尖叫。由后文的“He only had a few items but every time he put
his __9__ twenty dollar bill into the machine it spit it back out”可知，那个人在抱怨自助结账机把他塞进去的钱
退出来。故选B。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他只有几样东西，但每次他把那张皱巴巴的 20美元钞票放进机器里，机
器就把钞票吐出来。A. frozen结冰的；B. folded折叠的；C. broken破碎的；D. wrinkled有皱纹的。由第12
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】空后的“his old twenty”和常识可知，塞进自助结账机的钱如果是皱的，它就会把钱吐出来。故选D。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我赶紧从钱包里掏出一张新的 20美元给了他。A. pressed按压；B. rolled滚
动；C. grabbed攫取；D. directed指导。由后文的“out of my wallet and gave it to him”可知，作者赶紧从钱
包里掏出一张新的20美元给了他，空格处是“攫取”。故选C。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他以温暖的微笑感谢我。A. weak虚弱的；B. warm温暖的；C. bitter苦的；
D. false错误的。由上文的“He thanked me”可知，那个人是以温暖的微笑感谢作者，故选B。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他把钱留着，但他坚持要我收下他那二十块钱。A. insisted坚决主张；
B. ensured确保；C. begged乞讨；D. ordered命令。由后文的“that l take his old twenty”可知，那人坚持要
作者收下他那二十块钱。故选A。
13. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：结账离开之后，我想起了一件事，特蕾莎修女曾经说过，我们都可以改变
世界。A. looking out小心；B. pulling out撤离；C. breaking out爆发；D. checking out结账离开。由后文的
“Then I dropped that old twenty into the __15__ and walked to my car”可知，作者是结完账离开的时候想起了
特蕾莎修女的话。故选D。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：结账离开之后，我想起了一件事，特蕾莎修女曾经说过，我们能如何改变
世界。A. control控制；B. protect保护；C. change改变；D. shock使震惊。由后文的“Help one person at a
time”可知，特蕾莎修女说的是我们能如何改变世界。故选C。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我把那张旧的20美元钞票扔进水壶，然后走向我的车。A. store商店；
B. kettle水壶；C. pocket口袋；D. machine机器。由第4空后的“put in the charity kettle”可知，句子表示
“作者把那张旧的20美元钞票扔进水壶”。故选B。
(5)答案
1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. A 11. D 12.
B 13. C 14. B 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者上中学的时候想尽力变得受欢迎，但和妈妈的聊天，最终改变了作者的
想法。仔细地想了很久，然后意识到母亲的话可能有些道理。作者觉得和母亲的谈话对他来说是很有价值
的一课。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一天下午，我和妈妈的一次谈话最终改变了我的想法。A.
appointment任命，约定； B. conversation会话；C. celebration 庆祝；D. argument辩论。根据后文“The
conversation I had with my mother was a valuable lesson for me.”可知，作者和妈妈进行了一次谈话。故选B
项。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我想受欢迎。A. popular 受欢迎的； B. generous慷慨的；C.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】cautious谨慎的；D. polite有礼貌的。根据前文“When I was in middle school, I tried my best to be popular.”可
知，作者想受欢迎，故选A项。
3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我只是做了而已。A. merely只是，仅仅；B. suitably适当地；C. completely
完全地；D. temporarily临时地。根据前文“Surprisingly, I had never stopped to think about why I felt the need
to fit in.”可知，作者从来没有停下来思考过为什么，只是在做而已。故选A项。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我奶奶给她做了几件舒适的毛衣背心。A. expensive 昂贵的；B.
fashionable流行的；C. perfect完美的；D. comfortable舒适的。根据后文“Although those were hardly “in
style”, my mother really 5 to wear them.”可知，这几件毛衣背心算不上“时髦”，但是作者妈妈喜欢穿，
可推知应该是舒适的毛衣背心。故选D项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然它们算不上“时髦”，但我母亲真的很喜欢穿。A. pretended假装；B.
loved爱；C. refused拒绝；D. afforded买得起。根据前文“Although those were hardly “in style”,”可知，前后
句是转折关系，结合选项，应是虽然算不上“时髦”，但是很喜欢穿符合语境。故选B项。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我母亲开创了一种时尚，因为其他学生看到了她穿着的魅力。A. trend 趋势；
时尚；B. campaign战役；C. project 项目；D. fight战斗。根据前文“It was surprising that many other female
students at her school began wearing sweater vests after a few weeks.”可知，许多其他女学生在几周后开始穿毛
衣背心，所以是作者妈妈开创了一种时尚。故选A项。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我母亲开创了一种时尚流，因为其他学生看到了她穿着的魅力。A. shock震
惊；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. charm魅力；D. benefit利益。根据前文“It was surprising that many other
female students at her school began wearing sweater vests after a few weeks.”以及后文“which she dressed”可知，
学校开始流行穿毛衣背心，结合选项，应是“看到了她穿着的魅力”符合语境。故选C项。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，对于一个13岁的女孩来说，这些信息太多了而不能细想。A. release
释放；B. mix混合；C. deliver递送；D. chew细想，深思。根据前文“At that time, the information was too
much for a thirteen-year-old girl”可知，对一个13岁的女孩来说，太多的信息是不能让她细想的。故选D项。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想我妈妈错了。A. mistaken错误的；B. right正确的；C. rude粗鲁的；
D. patient耐心的。根据后文“So I continued to wear the same clothes, seeking popularity as usual”可知，作者
继续穿同样的衣服，像往常一样寻求人气，所以是认为她妈妈错了。故选A项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们那天的谈话在我的脑海里一遍又一遍地回响。A. rang回响，响
起；B. shouted大喊；C. shook摇动；D. fled逃走。根据后文“I thought long and carefully”可知，作者想了
很久，所以是谈话在脑海里一遍又一遍地回响。故选A项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仔细地想了很久，然后我意识到母亲的话可能有几分道理。A.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】remembered记得； B. denied拒绝；C. wondered 想知道；D. realized意识到。根据后文“I began to check
my wardrobe (衣柜) to find which items I’d bought because I truly like them.”可知，作者开始找自己喜欢的衣
服，所以是开始意识到母亲的话可能有几分道理。故选D项。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仔细地想了很久，然后我意识到母亲的话可能有几分道理。A. difficulty
困难；B. truth 真理，事实；C. explanations 解释；D. limitation 限制。根据后文“I began to check my
wardrobe (衣柜) to find which items I’d bought because I truly like them.”可知，作者开始找自己喜欢的衣服，
所以是开始意识到母亲的话可能有几分道理。故选B项。
13. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我也回顾了我的行为，试图确定我穿了多少衣服来取悦人群。A. got rid of
除掉；B. fit in with 适应，符合；C. looked back on 回顾；D. put up with 忍受。根据后文“trying to
determine how many of them I wore to 1 4 the crowd.”可知，作者试图确定穿了多少衣服来取悦人群，所
以是回顾了她的行为。故选C项。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也回顾了我的行为，试图确定我穿了多少衣服来取悦人群。A. upset使烦
恼；B. please使高兴；C. hurt使受伤；D. honor给以荣誉。根据后文“I found myself caring less and less
about what people thought about me.”可知，现在作者越来越不关心别人对她的看法，所以之前是试图去取悦
他人。故选B项。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我大大地松了一口气。A. curious好奇的；B. puzzled感到疑惑的；C.
disappointed 感到失望的；D. relieved放心的。根据前文“Gradually, I found myself caring less and less about
what people thought about me.”可知，现在作者越来越不关心别人对她的看法，所以是松了一口气。故选 D
项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】
