文档内容
【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单
专题42 完形填空满分策略（练案）解析版
（高考考情+思维导图+真题演练+名校模拟）
目录
一、完形填空高考考情 P 1
二、完形填空思维导图 P2
三、完形填空真题演练（4 组） P 3
【真题演练：2023 题组】 P 3
【真题演练：2022 题组】 P1 1
【真题演练：2021 题组】 P1 6
【真题演练：2020 题组】 P 20
四、完形填空名校模拟（15 篇） P 22
【名校模拟一：人与自我类完形填空】 P 22
【名校模拟二：人与社会类完形填空】 P 32
【名校模拟三：人与自然类完形填空】 P 42
一、完形填空高考考情
2020-2024年高考英语完形填空考情分析
副 介
卷别 体裁 题材 词数 动词 名词 形容词
词 词
凡是要有自己主
2024新课标I卷 记叙文 234 8 5 1 1
见
友善行为美食力
2024新课标II卷 记叙文 227 9 5 1
量
厨房里的祖母聊
2024全国甲卷 记叙文 276 7 8 3 1 1
天
越野赛的善行义
2023新课标I卷 记叙文 225 7 7 1
举
帮狗狗与主人团
2023新课标II卷 记叙文 209 7 3 4 1
聚
学会不要以貌取
2023全国甲卷 记叙文 249 9 4 6 1
物
体操奥运冠军故
2023全国乙卷 记叙文 244 12 3 4 1
事
家庭野营趣味经
2022新课标I卷 记叙文 218 5 5 3 1 1
历
环球旅行免费住
2022新课标II卷 记叙文 209 5 6 4
宿
因狗结缘爱情故
2022全国甲卷 记叙文 277 8 7 1 3
事孩子捉迷藏的研
2022全国乙卷 说明文 261 7 7 4 2
究
暑期短暂打工体
2021新课标I卷 记叙文 230 9 4 2
验
中国警察无畏事
2021新课标II卷 记叙文 192 7 7 1
迹
致歉酒店终获原
2021全国甲卷 记叙文 242 10 5 4 1
谅
女患巧妙感谢医
2021全国乙卷 夹叙夹议 261 10 7 1 2
护
海岛植树保护环
2020新课标卷 记叙文 225 5 6 3 1
境
请不要对孩子说
2020全国卷I 记叙文 251 6 8 3 2 1
谎
竞拍名画竟是真
2020全国卷II 记叙文 287 11 4 3 2
迹
应对难对付的顾
2020全国卷III 记叙文 265 8 3 6 1 2
客
二、完形填空思维导图三、完形填空真题演练
〖2023年高考真题题组〗
【2023▪新高考I卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have
21 the course earlier than she did. Her 2 2 came because she was carrying a 2 3 across the
finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 2 4 when
a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 25 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey
took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 26 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 27 to let
Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue
could get 2 8 attention.
Once there, Lenoue was 29 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious
injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 3 0 to make it to that aid checkpoint
without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more 31 about why her act is considered a big 32 . “She was just
crying. I couldn’t 3 3 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the 34 , they’ve since become friends.Neither won the race, but the 3 5 of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
【答案】21. D22. A23. D24. A25. C26. B27. D28. A29. B30. B31. C32. D33. A34. C35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个
参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；
C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another
300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成
比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B.
chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the
course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她
背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
23.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge 裁判；B.
volunteer 志愿者；C. classmate 同学；D. competitor 参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners
competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
24.考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当 Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的
一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的
“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二
多的时候”。故选A。
25，考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回
来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的
同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
26，考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B.
aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能
在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。27.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然
后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped
aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺
爬到她的背上。故选D。
28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，
然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持
续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接
受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝
盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文
“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
30.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检
查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in
pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。
故选B。
31.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于 Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.
worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like
I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是
一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
32.考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游
戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right
thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big
deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave 离开；B. cure 治愈；C. bother 打扰；D.
understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，
然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
34.考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。
A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners
competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一
场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
35.考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；
B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and
carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____
attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
【2023▪新高考II卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to
move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 21 . They could not afford to pay for 22 for their
dog, Tiffy, and 2 3 wanted to take her with them.
It just 24 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 25 to take
Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 2 6 Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 27 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but Icould tell this was 28 for him, having to leave his dog to a 29 and trust that everything would
30 .
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 31 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to
take care of Tiffy and 3 2 them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was 33 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 34 with Karen and
made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 35 and sent me a nice e-mail with
pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
21. A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection
22. A. food B. shelter C. medicine D. transportation
23. A. desperately B. temporarily C. secretly D. originally
24. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed
25. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed
26. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up
27. A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious
28. A. hard B. fine C. common D. lucky
29. A. coworker B. passenger C. stranger D. neighbor
30. A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off
31. A. feed B. follow C. change D. load
32. A. call B. join C. leave D. serve
33. A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful
34. A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed
35. A. thankful B. generous C. proud D. sympathetic
【答案】21. B22. D23. A24. C25. B26. D27. B28. A29. C30. B31. D32. A33. D34. C35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到
另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身
边。
21.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点；B.
budget预算；C. schedule时间表；D. connection联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___22___
for their dog, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food食物；
B. shelter庇护；C. medicine药；D. transportation交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they
were on a very tight ___21___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交
通费。故选D。
23.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗 Tiffy 的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A.
desperately非常、拼命地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. secretly秘密地；D. originally起初。根据“wanted
to take her with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把
Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。
根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧 的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把
Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed
失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯
城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。
26.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接 Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻
找；C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者
需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
27.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused困惑的；B.
nervous紧张的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. curious好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be
calm, but I could tell this was ___28___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___29___ and trust that
everything would ___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不
把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard困难的；B. fine好的；C. common常见的；D.
lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___29___ and
trust that everything would ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。
29.考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把
狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. coworker合作者；B. passenger乘客；C. stranger陌生
人；D. neighbor 邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was
___28___ for him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。
30.考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把
狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up加速；B. work out解决；C. come back回来；
D. take off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___28___ for
him,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；
B. follow跟随；C. change改变；D. load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者
让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。
32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；
B. join加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一
到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。
33.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的；
B. unexpected意想不到的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was
a great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那
里。 A. returned返回；B. fought打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was
planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___5___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to
Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A.
thankful感激的；B. generous慷慨的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据
“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选
A。【2023▪浙江1月卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to ____41____ a
unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the ____42____.
Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____43____ .
I ____44____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began
preparations. He ____45____ handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and ____46____ the
bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of
a tree, Ziyad began ____47____ . He stopped every few minutes to move the ____48____ higher up the tree
trunk.
____49____ , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch,
he _____50_____ towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a
sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d _____51_____ the trunk and was back on the ground.
It was too _____52_____ to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed _____53_____ . Baby bees
were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were _____54_____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped
from the tree. He had to wait for the right _____55_____ to go back up.
41. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness
42. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves
43. A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless
44. A. searched B. recognised C. followed D. invited
45. A. gathered B. cleaned C. dropped D. checked
46. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated
47. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing
48. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey
49. A. Finally B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Immediately
50. A. backed B. dived C. shouted D. inched
51. A. cut off B. gone up C. slid down D. held onto
52. A. high B. early C. fast D. close
53. A. hatching B. training C. sowing D. trading
54. A. curious B. hungry C. bored D. angry
55. A. moment B. equipment C. person D. order
【答案】41. D42. C43. B44. C45. A46. B47. D48. C49. A50. D51. C52. B53. A54. D55. A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的 Ziyad，进行的一次独特
的采蜜经历。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. collect收集；C.
celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____41____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of
grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统
的采蜜方式。故选D项。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards庭院；
B. fields田野；领域；C. treetops树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工
制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B.dangerous 危险的；C. expensive 昂贵的；D. pointless 毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were
____44____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断
的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索；
B. recognised 认出；C. followed 跟随；D. invited 邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ____41____ a
unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选
C项。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当
火把。A. gathered 聚集、采集；B. cleaned 清除；C. dropped 掉落；D. checked 检查。根据下文
“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火
把。A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“to create a
torch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后
Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher
up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B.
leaves树叶；C. rope绳索；D. honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the
other end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上
攀爬。故选C项。
49.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A. Finally最终；B.
Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few
minutes to move the ____48____ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀
爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹
入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shouted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。
根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____43____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危
险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂
巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off切除；B. gone
up上升；C. slid down滑下；D. held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around
20 metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故
选C项。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的；
D. close 亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ____53____ . Baby bees were still in the
honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C.
sowing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，
此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A.
curious好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. bored无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“kept attacking asZiyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment时刻；B.
equipment 设备；C. person 个人；D. order 点餐；命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed
____53____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，
等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。
【2023▪浙江1月卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to ____41____ a
unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the ____42____.
Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____43____ .
I ____44____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began
preparations. He ____45____ handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and ____46____ the
bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of
a tree, Ziyad began ____47____ . He stopped every few minutes to move the ____48____ higher up the tree
trunk.
____49____ , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch,
he _____50_____ towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a
sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d _____51_____ the trunk and was back on the ground.
It was too _____52_____ to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed _____53_____ . Baby bees
were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were _____54_____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped
from the tree. He had to wait for the right _____55_____ to go back up.
41. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness
42. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves
43. A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless
44. A. searched B. recognised C. followed D. invited
45. A. gathered B. cleaned C. dropped D. checked
46. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated
47. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing
48. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey
49. A. Finally B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Immediately
50. A. backed B. dived C. shouted D. inched
51. A. cut off B. gone up C. slid down D. held onto
52. A. high B. early C. fast D. close
53. A. hatching B. training C. sowing D. trading
54. A. curious B. hungry C. bored D. angry
55. A. moment B. equipment C. person D. order
【答案】41. D42. C43. B44. C45. A46. B47. D48. C49. A50. D51. C52. B53. A54. D55. A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的 Ziyad，进行的一次独特
的采蜜经历。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. collect收集；C.
celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____41____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of
grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards庭院；
B. fields田野；领域；C. treetops树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工
制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B.
dangerous 危险的；C. expensive 昂贵的；D. pointless 毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were
____44____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断
的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索；
B. recognised 认出；C. followed 跟随；D. invited 邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ____41____ a
unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选
C项。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当
火把。A. gathered 聚集、采集；B. cleaned 清除；C. dropped 掉落；D. checked 检查。根据下文
“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火
把。A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“to create a
torch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后
Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher
up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B.
leaves树叶；C. rope绳索；D. honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the
other end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上
攀爬。故选C项。
49.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A. Finally最终；B.
Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few
minutes to move the ____48____ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀
爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹
入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shouted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。
根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____43____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危
险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂
巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off切除；B. gone
up上升；C. slid down滑下；D. held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around
20 metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故
选C项。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的；
D. close 亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ____53____ . Baby bees were still in the
honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C.
sowing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，
此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A.
curious好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. bored无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as
Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment时刻；B.
equipment 设备；C. person 个人；D. order 点餐；命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed
____53____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，
等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。
〖2022年高考真题题组〗
【2022▪新高考I卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 41 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we
42 along Chalk Creek. I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I
tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 4 4 , and
his crying let the whole campground know it. So 45 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It
46 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 4 7 , but storms move
in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip. The 49 picked
up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No
51 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 5 2 , a fisherman
pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were 5 3 .
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 54
, wondering what camping fun and 5 5 we will experience next.
41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for
46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed
47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix
51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal
52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right
54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement
55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict
【答案】41. C42. A43. D44. C45. B46. A47. D48. B49. A50. C51. A52. D53. C54. D55. B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者
和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
41. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A.
ideas 想法；B. jokes 笑话；C. memories 记忆；D. discoveries 发现。根据上文“have had wonderful
camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children
were little”可推知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C。
42. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C.
walked 散步；D. cycled 骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful
camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。
43. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒的；B.
surprised惊讶的C. disappointed失望的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to
keep him near to our spot.”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一
根绳子。故选D。
44. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受
伤的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a
rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know
it”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以才会哭。故选C。
45. B。考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to由于；B.
instead of代替、而不是；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。根据上文“He was uncomfortable, and his
crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可推知，此处指孩子
身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。
46. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked 起作用；B.
happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可推
知，此处指作者的密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。
47. D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我
们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册、报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房、结账离
开；D. headed off启程、出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the
mountains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。
48. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我
们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据
上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”
可推知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。
49. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温
度；D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故
选A。
50. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启
动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with
a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。
51. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wonder惊奇；D. signal
信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫
再次尝试启动，也没有获得好运，船依然无法启动。故选A。52. D。考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并
把我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. helplessly无助
地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的
情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D。
53. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全的；
D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可推知，此处指得
到了渔夫的帮助，作者和家人安全了。故选C。
54. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，
想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责；C. pride自豪；D.
excitement兴奋。结合语境，再根据下文“wondering what camping fun”可推知，此处指作者期待接下来
的露营，充满兴奋。故选D。
55. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，
想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure冒险；C. performance
表现；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage,
we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience
next”可推知，此处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B。
【2022▪新高考II卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it
41 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to
Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 42 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their
travel 43 .
They’re part of a new form of the 44 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-
cost stays in 45 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 46 .
It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 47 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets
that are sometimes difficult to 48 . But house sitting also offers a level of 49 they can’t find in a
hotel. “It’s like 50 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.
The couple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the
homeowner’s 52 . For Jessica, that means 53 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house
54 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that
they made the right 55 ,” she says.
41. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time
42. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure
45. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable
44. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural
45. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’
46. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence
47. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete
48. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please
49. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention
50. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying
51. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment52. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding
53. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing
54. A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty
55. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression
【答案】41-45 DCDCA 46-50 DADBB 51-55 ACCAB
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在
陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功
率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
41. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位45岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。
A. indoors室内；B. online在线的；C. single-handed单手的；D. full-time全职的。根据后文“She and
her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to
Singapore.(在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位45岁
的年轻人全职从事这项工作。故选D。
42. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的
方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game游戏；B. service服务；C. vacation假期；D. procedure手续。结合
上文可知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。
43. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常
的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. affordable买的
起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的
方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。
44. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local当地的；B.
private私人的；C. sharing分享；D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house
sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。
45. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠
物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. co-workers’同事的；D. neighbors’邻居
的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。
46. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠
物、给植物浇水。A. favor帮助；B. defense防御；C. honor荣誉；D. absence缺席。根据上文“they feed
pets and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。
47. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安
排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. compare比较；D. complete完成。根据宾语“their
trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。
48. D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安
排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transport运输；C. choose选择；D. please取悦。根据上文“the pets
that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。
49. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support支持；
B. comfort舒适，安慰；C. control控制；D. attention注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房
子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。
50. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪；B. staying
停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay
at。故选B。51. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
A. success成功；B. survival存活；C. growth生长；D. unemployment失业。根据后文“rate in getting
accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。
52. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
A. budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectations期待；D. understanding理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接
受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。
53. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，
在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. donating捐赠；C. sending发送；D.
borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。
54. A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清
洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. open开放的；C. simple简单的；
D. empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。
55. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜测；B.
decision决定；C. response反应；D. impression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确
的决定，故选B。
〖2021年高考真题题组〗
【2022▪新高考I卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a
baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41 little
bunny (兔子) cakes for all its 42 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight
kids for 43 help during our spring break, for which I had no 44 beyond listening to my favorite
records. I’d 45 minimum wage. I’d see how a factory 46 . My parents thought all of this was a grand
idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 47 .
Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply
icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt. This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the
cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 52 .
Dad 53 . The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Benardsville,
New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did
the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
【答案】41-45 CADAB 46-50 ABCDA 51-55 BCBDD
【答案】41. C42. A43. D44. A45. B46. A47. B48. C49. D50. A51. B52. C53. B54. D55. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在一次春假时，作者去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种
工作不仅能让孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面
包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered命令；C. made制作；D. reserved预定。
根据下文“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜)
ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 4 9 bunny from the belt.”可知，这家面包店是制作兔子蛋糕的。故
选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面
包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭；C. schools学校；D. citizens市
民。根据下文“throughout Cleveland”以及常识可知，此处表示这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子
蛋糕。故选A。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我
最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous 慷慨的；B. financial 金融的；C. technical 技术的；D.
temporary暂时的。根据下文“during our spring break”可知，这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最
喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口；D. hobbies爱好。根据下
文“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知，此处表示作者没有其他计划。故选A。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会挣最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得；C. set放置；D. suggest建
议。根据下文“minimum wage”可知，作者会挣最低工资。故选B。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会看到工厂是如何运作的。A. worked 运作；B. closed 关闭；C.
developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据上文“I’d see how a factory”可知，此处表示作者可以看到工厂
是如何运作的。故选A。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给 Betsy的父亲，得
到了他们的允许。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历；D. invitation邀请。根据上
文“My parents thought all of this was a grand idea”可知，作者的父母认为这个主意很好，所以他们打电
话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的允许。故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。A. joys欢乐；B.
ideas观点；C. roles任务；D. choices选择。根据下文“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears.
Apply icing eyes and nose. 4 9 bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示作者在工厂的任务。故选C。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止；
D. Remove移动。根据下文“bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。故选
D。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的；C. longer更长
的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据下文“ 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来；B. Slow down慢一点；
C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据下文“and the cakes pile up”以及常识可知，速度慢一点，
传送带上的蛋糕就会堆积起来。故选B。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一晚的晚餐时告诉父母的那样，压力比我预想的要大一点。A.
indicated表明；B. witnessed目击；C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据上文“This was 5 0
than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，工作的实际情况比作者预料的压力更大。故选
C。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭；B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫；D. refused拒绝。
根据下文“This was the sort of work that made you 5 5 the dollars you earned and respect those who
did the work, he told me.”可知，作者的父亲看到作者在挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，父亲笑了。故选
B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送食物。
A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering递送。根据上文“The son of a grocer”可
知，作为一个杂货商的儿子，作者的父亲夏天会去送食物。故选D。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的
人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠；C. receive收到；D. appreciate感激。根据下文“the dollars you
earned”以及常识可知，此处表示感激自己劳动所得的报酬。故选D。
【2021▪新高考II卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, and has even learned to
____41____ different dialects（方言），leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor".
The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a ____4 2 ____ However, he is more devoted to his “ ____4 3 ____ "than
any real actor.
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the
____44____，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and ____45____ the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave
him the ____46____ of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the ____47____ of the beggars.
“I often ____48____ them to drink alcohol. Once they were ____49____,they began to talk a lot," Wang
said. “I'd then ____50____ myself to use the toilet, ____51____ what the beggars said, and send the
____5 2 ____ to my teammates.”
Wang，who is often in ____5 3 ____ situations, is also a judo （柔道） master. “As long as I get close
enough, no criminal can ____54____ from me," he said.
Wang's ____55____ won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations
of Merit. Paris.
41. A. teach B. compare C. assess D. speak
44. A. lawyer B. doctor C. policeman D. businessman
45. A. role B. study C. family D. audience
44. A. minor B. case C. future D. question
45. A. interviewed B. joined C. arrested D. assisted
46. A. challenge B. experience C. appearance D. freedom
47. A. vote B. sympathy C. permission D. trust
48. A. invited B. forced C. helped D. expected49. A. drunk B. deserted C. bored D. lost
50. A. guide B. persuade C. excuse D. allow
51. A. refer to B. note down C. ask about D. miss out
54. A. plan B. agreement C. direction D. information
55. A. awkward B. dangerous C. unfortunate D. strange
54. A. separate B. recover C. escape D. hear
55. A. courage B. honesty C. kindness D. optimism
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. B 54. C
55. A
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了警察王先生在过去的58年里，多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，
不顾危险混入犯罪团伙，成功破案的故事。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的58年里，王先生多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，这让
他被称为“奥斯卡获奖演员”。A.teach 教授；B.compare 比较；C.assess评估； D.speak讲话 。根据
“Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times”可知，能扮成别人，还会讲不同的方言。
故填D。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位60岁的老人不是演员，而是警察 。A.lawyer 律师；B.doctor医生；
C.policeman 警察；D.businessman 商人。根据“To look into the ________，Wang disguised（伪装）
himself”以及“including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit.Paris.”可知，
王先生是一名警察。故填C。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他比任何真正的演员都更专注于他的“角色”。A.role 角色；
B.study学习； C.family 家庭；D.audience观众 。根据“than any real actor.”可知，王投身于演员的
角色中。故填A。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.minor 未成年人，辅修；
B.case 情况,案件；C.future 未来；D.question问题 。根据“In the 1990s, a group of thieves often
sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. ”可知，这是一起犯罪案件。故填B。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.interviewed采访；
B.joined 加入；C.arrested 逮捕；D.assisted协助。根据“To look into the”可知，他混入乞丐中。故
填B。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言
很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A.challenge 挑战；B.experience 经历；C.appearance 出现，外表；
D.freedom自由 。根据“ Dirty shorts and old shoes”可知，这是描述外表。故填C。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言
很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A.vote 投票；B.sympathy 同情；C.permission 批准；D.trust 信任。根据“
his convincing dialect soon won him the”可知，他的方言讲得好，赢得乞丐们信任。故填D。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。
A.invited 邀请；B.forced 强迫；C.helped 帮助；D.expected期待。根据“them to drink alcohol”可知，
为了套话，王先生请他们喝酒。故填A。
49.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。
A.drunk 喝醉的； B.deserted 抛弃的； C.bored 无聊的；D.lost 失去的 。根据“them to drink
alcohol”可知，话多是在喝醉后。故填A。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。A.guide 引导；B.persuade 劝说； C.excuse 找借口；D.allow 允许 。根据“and send the to my
teammates.”可知，为了发送出信息，王借口去厕所。故填C。
51.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的
队友。A.refer to 指的是；B.note down作记录; C.ask about 询问；D.miss out 错过，遗漏。根据
“what the beggars said, ”可知，王把乞丐醉后真言记下来。故填B。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。
A.plan 计划；B.agreement 同意；C.direction 指导；D.information 信息。根据“what the beggars
said, ”可知，这是重要信息。故填D。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：王是经常在危险的情况下,也是一个柔道大师。A.awkward 尴尬的；
B.dangerous危险的； C.unfortunate 不幸的；D.strange奇怪的 。根据“ no criminal can _______
from me,"”可知，经常处于犯罪分子中，这是很危险的情况。故填B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要我离得够近，任何罪犯都逃不掉，”他说。A.separate 分离；
B.recover恢复； C.escape 逃避；D.hear 听到。根据“ is also a judo （柔道） master. ”可知，身为
柔道大师，他不放过罪犯。故填C。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：王的勇气为他赢得了许多荣誉，包括一枚全国五一劳动奖章和 11项嘉奖。
A.courage 勇气；B.honesty 诚实；C.kindness 善良；D.optimism 乐观。根据“Wang disguised（伪
装）himself”可知，王乔装打扮混入罪犯团伙，勇气可嘉。故填A。
〖2020年高考真题题组〗
【2020▪新高考卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second
41 . He learned the value and beauty of ____ 4 2____ there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something ____ 4 3____ happening around his home. A flood had hit
the area earlier that year and the ____ 4 4____ it caused had driven away a number of birds. ____ 4 5____ , the
number of snakes had declined as well. He ____ 4 6____ that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect
them from the ____ 4 7____ . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek ___ 4 8____
during the daytime. He turned to the ____ 4 9____ department for help but was told that nothing would grow
there. However, Molai went looking on his own and _____ 5 0_____ a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
____ 5 1____ young plants in the dry season was ______ 5 2______ for a lone boy. Molai built at the
_____ 5 3_____ of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes
to ______ 5 4______ rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.
Molai _____ 5 5_____ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of
naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice
22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge
23. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward
24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage
25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted
27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust
28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter
29. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance30. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed
31. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding
32. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial
33. A. back B. top C. foot D. side
34. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect
35. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. C 50.
B 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨
大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，
他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地
成为许多动植物的家园。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B.
job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的
一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. youth
青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A.
precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward尴尬的，
笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。
故选C。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。
A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它
会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。
45.考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C.
Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致
蛇的数量减少。故选A。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同
意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、
蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音；
B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免
受炎热的影响。故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A.
directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以
给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动；B. police警
察；C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant
trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。
A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”looking on hisown”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装
饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办
法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的
B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想
尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞
的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句
“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平
台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。
54.考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小
洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；
D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。
故选D。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；
C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物
的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。
四、完形填空名校模拟
【模拟一：人与自我类完形填空】
（2024·四川成都·模拟预测）Spanish class scared me in the freshman year. I knew little Spanish before
starting the class, and I thought it would be 1 for me. However, Mary, our honored Spanish teacher, who
was full of creativity, made her class fun from the beginning. I knew what to expect with a schedule for each
week, but there was always some slight 2 .
Before the exam, Mary often asked us to 3 our lessons by ourselves. But I could remember one day
she said, “This time, let’s play a game before going over what you’ve learned.” The game was so interesting that
we all 4 ourselves. After the exam, Mary gave us opportunities to make up for our 5 . After each
error correction, she would check again. She took things so 6 that she wouldn’t overlook any detail. No
wonder she was 7 by us.
Mary was 8 and willing to help, within reason, on everything. We could ask her questions at any
time. She encouraged everyone to speak Spanish in class. Because of that, I was 9 enough, and then I
could communicate with Spanish speakers outside of class. When she knew our problems, she would give advice.
When someone was struggling, she would 10 .
Mary’s 11 teaching eventually transformed my 12 into fascination. She infused (灌输)
foreign culture into lessons, using music and dance to 13 our language skills. Her personalized attention to
each student’s needs fostered a(n) 14 environment. At the end of the term, my Spanish improved, and my
confidence soared. Mary left a lasting impact on my 15 for new challenges.
1. A. exciting B. easy C. boring D. beneficial
2. A. variation B. disturbance C. annoyance D. inconvenience
3. A. explain B. describe C. prepare D. review
4. A. challenged B. enjoyed C. trusted D. developed
5. A. experience B. time C. losses D. mistakes6. A. seriously B. roughly C. modestly D. curiously
7. A. amused B. respected C. judged D. spotted
8. A. understanding B. humble C. athletic D. courageous
9. A. discouraged B. suspected C. heartened D. comforted
10. A. set out B. reach out C. get out D. make out
11. A. passive B. conventional C. voluntary D. innovative
12. A. fear B. sorrow C. anger D. confusion
13. A. know B. match C. enhance D. assess
14. A. secure B. supportive C. economic D. competitive
15. A. pity B. profit C. debate D. desire
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 15.
D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学一年级时，由于几乎不懂西班牙语而对西班牙语课
程感到害怕。然而，他们才华横溢且富有创意的西班牙语老师玛丽用她的教学方法和对每个学生的个性
化关注，使课堂变得有趣，并帮助作者克服了恐惧，提高了语言能力，并培养了作者面对新挑战的信心。
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在开始上课之前，我几乎不懂西班牙语，我想这对我来说会很无聊。A.
exciting令人激动的；B. easy容易的；C. boring无聊的；D. beneficial有益的。根据上文“I knew little
Spanish”可知，作者语言不通，感到上课无聊。故选C。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道每周的日程安排会发生什么，但总会有一些细微的变化。A.
variation变化；B. disturbance干扰；C. annoyance烦恼；D. inconvenience不方便。根据上文“I knew
what to expect with a schedule for each week, but there was always some slight”中but表示转折，说明虽然
知道日程安排，但总是会有一些细微的变化。故选A。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：考前，玛丽经常让我们自己复习功课。A. explain解释；B. describe描述；
C. prepare准备；D. review复习。根据后文“before going over what you’ve learned”可知，老师让他们复
习功课。故选D。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：游戏很有趣，我们都玩得很开心。A. challenged挑战；B. enjoyed玩得痛
快；C. trusted信任；D. developed发展。根据上文“The game was so interesting that we all”可知，游戏
有趣，他们玩得高兴，短语enjoy oneself。故选B。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考试后，玛丽给了我们弥补错误的机会。A. experience经历；B. time时间；
C. losses损失；D. mistakes错误。根据后文“After each error correction, she would check again.(每次改
正错误后，她都会再检查一遍)”指老师让学生纠错。故选D。
6. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她对待事情非常认真，以至于她不会忽视任何细节。A. seriously认真地；
B. roughly大概；C. modestly谦虚地；D. curiously好奇地。根据后文“she wouldn’t overlook any detail”
可知，不忽视细节说明对待事情认真。故选A。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：难怪她受到我们的尊敬。A. amused娱乐；B. respected尊重；C. judged判
断；D. spotted发现。根据上文的描述可知，玛丽老师做事认真，得到了学生的尊敬和喜爱。故选B。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛丽通情达理，愿意在合理的范围内帮助任何事情。A. understanding善
解人意的；B. humble谦虚的；C. athletic运动的；D. courageous勇敢的。根据后文“and willing to help,
within reason, on everything”可知，玛丽老师通情达理，愿意提供帮助。故选A。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：正因为如此，我受到了足够的鼓舞，然后我可以在课外和说西班牙语的人
交流。A. discouraged 使沮丧；B. suspected 怀疑；C. heartened 激励；D. comforted 安慰。根据上文
“She encouraged everyone to speak Spanish in class.(她鼓励大家在课堂上说西班牙语)”可知，作者得到
了老师的激励。故选C。
10. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当有人挣扎时，她会伸出手来。A. set out出发；B. reach out伸出手；C.
get out 出去；D. make out 辨认。根据上文“willing to help(愿意提供帮助)”和“When she knew ourproblems, she would give advice.(当她知道我们的问题时，她会给出建议)”可知，玛丽乐于助人，有人有
困难，她愿意伸出援手。故选B。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的创新教学最终把我的恐惧变成了迷恋。A. passive被动的；B.
conventional 传统的；C. voluntary 志愿的；D. innovative 创新的。根据上文“However, Mary, our
honored Spanish teacher, who was full of creativity(然而，我们尊敬的西班牙语老师玛丽，她充满了创造
力)”可知，玛丽的教学是创新的。故选D。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的创新教学最终把我的恐惧变成了迷恋。A. fear恐惧；B. sorrow悲
伤；C. anger愤怒；D. confusion困惑。根据上文“Spanish class scared me in the freshman year.(大一时
的西班牙语课把我吓坏了)”可知，作者一开始害怕西班牙语课。故选A。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把外国文化融入到课程中，用音乐和舞蹈来提高我们的语言技能。A.
know知道；B. match匹配；C. enhance提高；D. assess评估。根据后文“our language skills”可知，把外
国文化融入到课程中，用音乐和舞蹈是为了提高我们的语言技能。故选C。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每个学生的个性化关注培养了一个良好的支持性环境。A. secure稳
固的；B. supportive支持的；C. economic经济的；D. competitive竞争的。根据上文“Her personalized
attention to each student’s needs”可知，老师关注每一个学生，即支持学生、关注学生培养了一个良好的
支持性环境。故选B。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛丽给我对新挑战的渴望留下了持久的影响。A. pity遗憾；B. profit利益；
C. debate 辩论；D. desire 渴望。根据上文“At the end of the term, my Spanish improved, and my
confidence soared.(学期结束时，我的西班牙语提高了，我的信心大增)”可知，作者自信增强了，所以渴
望新挑战。故选D。
（2025·浙江·模拟预测）I was in Chicago for a job training when I knew a nearby theatre was releasing a
film about saving dogs. However, none of my co-workers could 16 time for me. I got cold feet for
anxiety about 17 the streets by myself at night alone.
But in my hotel room I felt 18 and bored. The theatre was only about five blocks away from the
hotel. How could I get lost? Hence, I decided to 19 it. I gathered my room key and set off. I managed to
find the street of the theatre but stopped in shock. The street was full of bikers-lots of very big, 20
bikers.
Now I was a woman all alone at night. Warning bells began to sound and my heart 21 in my
throat. Was I at the right theatre? Had I 22 the date of the event?
I finally decided that I would be safer inside the theatre. I hurried into the theatre. As I sat there, heart
racing, 23 the film, I muttered a prayer to 24 my anxieties. A local blues-rock band was the
opening 25 and their performance drew my attention. Enthusiasm for the band’s performance soon
26 all my worries from my mind and I began to relax.
After the band, the film began and I understood the presence of the bikers after a conversation with the
staff. Being part of an animal rescue group, they had escorted (护送) dogs from New Jersey to Chicago. At that
moment, I was struck by the bond that had drawn so many originally 27 folks to the same spot. I
stayed till the very end and made it to my hotel without any incident, overjoyed that I broke out of the 28
I used to set for myself and ventured into (冒险进入) the 29 . To my amazement, the 30
was one of the best nights of my life.
16. A. occupy B. squeeze C. search D. appoint
17. A. exploring B. checking C. sweeping D. missing
18. A. graceless B. careless C. restless D. tireless
19. A. brave B. discard C. forget D. attend
20. A. well-educated B. good-looking C. well-behaved D. tough-looking
21. A. soaked B. sank C. stopped D. jumped
22. A. misled B. misread C. estimated D. emphasized23. A. accomplishing B. stimulating C. anticipating D. constructing
24. A. contain B. comfort C. strengthen D. tighten
25. A. option B. act C. side D. court
26. A. took away B. picked up C. touched off D. tore down
27. A. natural B. cooperative C. distinct D. similar
28. A. definition B. imagination C. circulation D. boundary
29. A. interpersonal B. unimportant C. unknown D. interactive
30. A. soulmate B. reward C. spirit D. talent
【答案】
16. B 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30.
B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者独自在夜晚去看电影的经历。
16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，没有一个同事能挤出时间陪我。A. occupy占领；B. squeeze挤压；
C. search搜寻；D. appoint任命。根据下文“by myself”可知，没有一个同事能挤出时间陪我。故选B项。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我害怕晚上一个人在街上探险。A. exploring探索；B. checking核对；C.
sweeping 打扫，清除; D. missing想念。根据下文“by myself at night alone.”可知，我害怕晚上一个人在
街上探险。故选A项。
18. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在我的酒店房间里，我感到不安和无聊。A. graceless不知礼的;B.
careless粗心的；C. restless 坐立不安的；D. tireless不知疲惫的。根据下文“bored”可知，作者坐立不安。
故选C项。
19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我决定勇敢地面对。A. brave勇敢面对；B. discard扔掉；C.
forget忘记； D. attend参加。根据下文“I gathered my room key and set off.”可知，作者决定勇敢面对。
故选A项。
20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：街上到处都是骑自行车的人——很多块头很大，看起来很凶。A. well-
educated受过良好教育的；B. good-looking 好看的；C. well-behaved行为端正的；D. tough-looking外表
强硬的。根据上文“lots of very big”以及“I got cold feet for anxiety”可知，有些人给人的印象是看起来
很凶。故选D项。
21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：警铃开始响起，我的心都跳到嗓子眼儿了。A. soaked 浸泡；B. sank沉没；
C. stopped停止；D. jumped跳。根据上文“Warning bells began to sound”可知，我害怕的心都跳到嗓子
眼儿了。故选D项。
22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：是我看错了活动的日期吗?。A. misled 误导；B. misread 误解；C.
estimated评估；D. emphasized强调。根据上文“Was I at the right theatre?”可知，这些都是我的疑问。
我怀疑自己是否看错了日期。故选B项。
23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在那里，心跳加速，期待着这部电影，我低声祈祷，以抑制我的焦虑。
A. accomplishing完成；B. stimulating激发；C. anticipating期望；D. constructing建造。根据上文“As
I sat there, heart racing”可知，作者期待着电影。故选C项。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在那里，心跳加速，期待着这部电影，我低声祈祷，以抑制我的焦虑。
A. contain控制；B. comfort安慰；C. strengthen加强；D. tighten（使）变紧。根据上文“I muttered a
prayer”可知，我低声祈祷，以抑制我的焦虑。故选A项。
25. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：开场表演是一个当地的蓝调摇滚乐队，他们的表演引起了我的注意。A.
option选择；B. act行动，表演；C. side一边；D. court法庭。根据下文“their performance drew my
attention.”可知，开场表演是一个当地的蓝调摇滚乐队，故选B项。
26. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：乐队表演的热情很快带走了我所有的烦恼，我开始放松下来。A. took
away拿走；B. picked up接某人；C. touched off引爆；D. tore down拆除。根据下文“I began to relax”
可知，乐队表演的热情很快带走了我所有的烦恼。故选A项。
27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我被一种联系所打动，这种联系把这么多原本截然不同的人吸引到同一个地方。我。A. natural自然的；B. cooperative合作的；C. distinct不同的；D. similar相似的。
根据下文“the same spot”可知，不同的人聚到同一个地方。故选C项。
28. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直呆到最后，平安无事地到达了我的酒店，我很高兴我突破了我过去
为自己设定的界限，进入了未知的世界。A. definition定义；B. imagination想象；C. circulation发行量，
销售量；D. boundary边界。根据上文“Hence, I decided to ____4____ it. I gathered my room key and set
off.”可知，我很高兴我突破了我过去为自己设定的界限。故选D项。
29. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直呆到最后，平安无事地到达了我的酒店，我很高兴我突破了我过
去为自己设定的界限，进入了未知的世界。A. interpersonal人际关系的；B. unimportant不重要的；C.
unknown 不知名的；D. interactive 交互式的。根据上文“____2____ the streets by myself at night
alone.”可知，我进入了未知的世界，进行了探索。故选C项。
30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这个奖励是我一生中最美好的夜晚之一。A. soulmate 灵
魂伴侣；B. reward回报，奖励；C. spirit 精神；D. talent天赋。根据上文“overjoyed that I broke out of
the ____13____ I used to set for myself and ventured into(冒险进入) the ____14____”可知，对我来说是
个奖励。故选B项。
（2024·安徽·二模）My father passed away when I was 10. With my family hardly making ends meet, I
grew up 31 . I went to community college and then 32 an academic scholarship to Southern
Methodist University’s Cox School of Business in Dallas, where I needed to keep my grades up to keep the
scholarship. That was 33 , because at the same time, I was working after school to pay the bills.
By November 1995, the full course 34 and work schedule left me physically and mentally worn
out. One night, I came home from work late and reached my 35 point. I had class in just a few hours and
still needed to prepare, despite 36 needing a few hours of sleep. I sat on the floor of my apartment and
37 .
Then I had an idea. With tears in my eyes, I 38 and wrote myself a check for $1 million. I told
myself that I would 39 that check for the full amount three years after graduation. At the time, I usually
had so little money in my 40 that I never knew if I would have enough to 41 $40 from the
bank.
Fast-forward to 1996. I had graduated from SMU, and within three years, I was building the first of several
companies I would 42 and sell over the next few decades. The 43 of those businesses
exceeded (超过) that of the check.
I’ve never cashed it. 44 , I keep it in my drawer as a（n） 45 that I can make it, no
matter how tough things get.
31. A. happy B. shy C. poor D. brave
32. A. earned B. founded C. expected D. introduced
33. A. impossible B. difficult C. fun D. necessary
34. A. option B. load C. promotion D. relief
35. A. starting B. sticking C. talking D. breaking
36. A. desperately B. originally C. gradually D. temporarily
37. A. whispered B. recalled C. cried D. regretted
38. A. gave in B. bent down C. turned around D. got up
39. A. recover B. share C. cash D. examine
40. A. mind B. account C. bill D. salary
41. A. withdraw B. donate C. afford D. save
42. A. release B. launch C. purchase D. join
43. A. value B. cost C. challenge D. budget
44. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Instead
45. A. agreement B. announcement C. reminder D. warning【答案】
31. C 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. B 41. A 42. B 43. A 44. D 45.
C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从小因家境贫困刻苦学习获得奖学金，并在学习之余工作付账
单。在自己濒临崩溃的时候，作者给自己开了一张支票，以激励自己摆脱现状。最终在不断努力下作者
成立了几家公司。那张支票成了一种提醒，提醒自己论事情有多艰难都能做到。
31. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的家庭几乎入不敷出，我从小就很穷。A. happy快乐的；B. shy害羞
的；C. poor可怜的；D. brave勇敢的。根据上文“With my family hardly making ends meet”可知，作者
从小家里就很贫穷。故选C项。
32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我上了社区大学，然后获得了达拉斯南卫理公会大学考克斯商学院的学术
奖学金，在那里我需要保持成绩才能获得奖学金。A. earned赢得，赚；B. founded创立；C. expected预
期；D. introduced介绍。根据下文“an academic scholarship”以及“where I needed to keep my grades up
to keep the scholarship”可知，作者获得了奖学金。故选A项。
33. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很困难，因为与此同时，我放学后还要工作来支付账单。A.
impossible不可能的；B. difficult困难的；C. fun有趣的；D. necessary必需的。根据下文“because at the
same time, I was working after school to pay the bills”可知，作者需要放学后工作付账单，能在学业上获
得奖学金是很不容易的。故选B项。
34. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到1995年11月，我的满满的课程负载和工作日程让我身心疲惫。A.
option 选择；B. load 负载；C. promotion 促销；D. relief 宽慰。根据下文“left me physically and
mentally worn out”可知，满满的课业和工作让作者很疲惫。故选B项。
35. 考查非谓语动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我下班回家很晚，到了崩溃的地步。A. starting启动；
B. sticking粘；C. talking说话；D. breaking打破。根据上文“left me physically and mentally worn out”
以及下文“I had class in just a few hours and still needed to prepare, despite ___6___ needing a few hours
of sleep. I sat on the floor of my apartment and ___7___”可知，这一天的劳累让作者处于崩溃的边缘，
breaking point意为“崩溃点，极限”。故选D项。
36. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我刚上了几个小时的课，尽管我迫切需要几个小时的睡眠，但我仍然需要
准备。A. desperately拼命地，极度地；B. originally最初地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. temporarily暂时地。
根据上文“I had class in just a few hours and still needed to prepare”可知，作者上了几个小时的课还要再
准备课，因此作者是非常疲劳，非常需要休息。故选A项。
37. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在公寓的地板上哭了。A. whispered低声说；B. recalled召回，回忆；
C. cried 哭；D. regretted 后悔。根据上文“One night, I came home from work late and reached
my ___5___ point.”以及下文“With tears in my eyes”可知，作者快要崩溃了，就哭了。故选C项。
38. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我热泪盈眶，起床给自己开了一张100万美元的支票。A. gave in屈服；
B. bent down弯下腰；C. turned around转向；D. got up起床，站起来。根据上文“One night, I came
home from work late and reached my ___5___ point.”可知，作者是在晚上从床上起来给自己开支票。故
选D项。
39. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉自己，我会在毕业三年后全额兑现那张支票。A. recover恢复；B.
share分享；C. cash兑现支票；D. examine检查。根据下文“At the time, I usually had so little money in
my ___10___ that I never knew if I would have enough to ___11___ $40 from the bank.”可知，作者要用
现金兑现这张支票。故选C项。
40. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时，我的账户里通常只有很少的钱，我不知道我是否有足够的钱从银行
提取40美元。A. mind注意；B. account账户；C. bill账单；D. salary薪水。根据下文“to ___11___ $40
from the bank.”可知，作者从银行取钱一定有银行账户。故选B项。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. withdraw撤回，提取；B. donate捐赠；C. afford承担得起；D.
save拯救。根据下文“$40 from the bank”可知，是从银行取钱。故选A项。
42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我毕业于SMU，在三年内，我建立了我将在未来几十年推出和销售的几家公司中的第一家。A. release释放；B. launch启动，发起，上市；C. purchase购买；D. join参加。根
据上文“building the first of several companies”可知，这是作者成立的几家公司并致力于上市和销售。故
选B项。
43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些业务的价值超过了支票的价值。A. value价值；B. cost成本；C.
challenge挑战；D. budget预算。根据下文“I had graduated from SMU, and within three years, I was
building the first of several companies I would ___12___ and sell over the next few decades.”可知，作者成
立了几家公司，这几家公司的价值远远超过了这张支票。故选A项。
44. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我把它放在抽屉里，作为一种提醒，无论事情有多艰难，我都能做
到。A. Otherwise否则；B. Therefore因此；C. Moreover此外；D. Instead相反。根据上文“I’ve never
cashed it.”以及下文“I keep it in my drawer as a(n) ___15___ that I can make it, no matter how tough
things get.”可知，上下文是转折关系，此处需要副词表示转折，Instead符合语境。故选D项。
45. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. agreement协议；B. announcement公告；C. reminder提醒；D.
warning警告。根据下文“I can make it, no matter how tough things get”可知，作者把这张支票当做了一
种提醒，提醒自己论事情有多艰难都能做到。故选C项。
（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）Many people think of travel as an experience. Sometimes, however, you
cannot choose the places you travel to. This happened to me in 2019.
My husband 46 himself posted in Brunei for work. Being three months pregnant meant that I had
a choice: 47 stay with him in Brunei for three months before returning back to India or remain alone. I
chose the former.
Brunei had never held any 48 to me. Whatever research I pulled off the Internet showed me
nothing 49 one beautiful mosque (清真寺). The flights were expensive so traveling 50 was
not an option. I was overwhelmed by a sense of being 51 in a remote place. Needless to say, I reached
Brunei in a pretty bad mood. I think one of the things that 52 me the most even in such mood was the
large areas of greenery that 53 us, which made me calm.
After a week, I soon found myself 54 with people around me. The 55 all went out
of their way to make me feel comfortable. The more comfortable I felt, the more we 56 . I hiked, I
joined the board game community, and I enjoyed the local cuisine. Three months later when it was time to leave, I
was 57 to say goodbye to the warmth of the country I had called 58 for a short while.
I think that my time in Brunei taught me a 59 lesson: Don’t judge a place by what others say.
Sure, you may not always like what you see, but you just need to take a(n) 60 look to find something
you will like.
46. A. felt B. found C. expected D. kept
47. A. neither B. rather C. either D. whether
48. A. adventure B. curiosity C. impression D. appeal
49. A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. except for
50. A. frequently B. continually C. casually D. intensively
51. A. addicted B. refreshed C. trapped D. revived
52. A. adored B. upset C. surprised D. struck
53. A. generated B. surrounded C. touched D. impressed
54. A. laughing B. celebrating C. interacting D. struggling
55. A. colleagues B. locals C. officials D. friends
56. A. contributed B. explored C. adapted D. alleviated
57. A. unwilling B. eager C. satisfied D. anxious
58. A. destination B. territory C. home D. heaven
59. A. advanced B. valuable C. plain D. related
60. A. professional B. flexible C. irregular D. hard【答案】
46. B 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. B 56. B 57. A 58. C 59. B 60.
D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者跟随丈夫去文莱住了三月，在此期间，对文莱的认知和感
受发生了巨大的变化
46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫被派往文莱工作。A. felt感觉；B. found发现，发觉（处于某种状
态，在做某事）；C. expected期望；D. kept保持。根据下文“himself posted in Brunei for work”可知作
者的丈夫被派往文莱工作，处于这种状态，故选B。
47. 考查固定搭配。句意：怀孕三个月意味着我有一个选择：要么和他一起在文莱待三个月，然后返回印
度，要么独自一人。A. neither既不；B. rather反而；C. either还，也；D. whether是否。根据上文
“Being three months pregnant meant that I had a choice”和下文可知作者要在两者中做选择，所以是或
者这样，或者那样，either…or…意为“或者……或者……”，符合语境，故选C。
48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：文莱对我从来没有什么吸引力。A. adventure冒险；B. curiosity好奇心；
C. impression印象；D. appeal吸引力。根据下文“Whatever research I pulled off the Internet showed me
nothing”可知文莱没有什么可以吸引作者的，故选D。
49. 考查固定短语辨析。句意：无论我在网上做什么研究，除了一座美丽的清真寺，我什么也找不到。A.
other than除了；B. rather than而不是；C. more than不只是；D. except for除……之外。根据上下文
“Whatever research I pulled off the Internet showed me nothing 4 one beautiful mosque (清真
寺).”可知前后转折了，所以应该是除了一座美丽的清真寺，故选A。
50. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：机票很贵，所以经常旅行不是一个选择。A. frequently 频繁地；B.
continually继续地；C. casually随便地；D. intensively强烈地。根据上文“The flights were expensive”可
知飞机票很贵，所以经常出行不太现实，故选A。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被一种被困在一个遥远的地方的感觉淹没了。A. addicted使沉迷；B.
refreshed使精神抖擞；C. trapped使困住；D. revived使复活。根据上文“The flights were expensive so
traveling 5 was not an option.”可知机票很贵，不能来回的旅行，所以作者有一种被困在文
莱的感觉，故选C。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想，即使在这种心情下，最让我印象深刻的是我们周围大面积的绿色植
物，这让我感到平静。A. adored爱慕；B. upset使不安；C. surprised使惊讶；D. struck给……印象。根
据下文“the most even in such mood was the large areas of greenery that 8 us, which made me
calm.”可知是大面积的绿植给作者留下深刻印象，让作者感到平静。故选D。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. generated产生；B. surrounded包围；C. touched感动；D.
impressed给……深刻印象。根据下文“the large areas of greenery”和下文“which made me calm”可知应
该是被绿植包围，让人感到平静，故选B。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一周后，我很快就发现自己能和周围的人交流了。A. laughing大笑；B.
celebrating庆祝；C. interacting互动，交流；D. struggling挣扎。根据下文“The 10 all went
out of their way to make me feel comfortable.”可知是当地人很热心，作者很快就能和他们交流互动了，故
选C。
55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地人都想尽办法让我感到舒适。A. colleagues同事；B. locals当地人；
C. officials官员；D. friends朋友。根据上文“with people around me”可知作者到了文莱，身边应都是当
地人，故选B。
56. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉越舒服，我们探索得就越多。A. contributed贡献；B. explored探
索；C. adapted适应；D. alleviated减轻。根据下文“I hiked, I joined the board game community, and I
enjoyed the local cuisine.”可知当地人让作者感到舒服，作者就越喜欢探索当地，参加当地的活动，品尝
当地的美食，故选B。
57. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，当我要离开的时候，我不愿意暂时离开这个我称之为家的温
暖的国家。A. unwilling不愿意的；B. eager热切的；C. satisfied满意的；D. anxious焦急的。根据上文“The more comfortable I felt, the more we 11 . I hiked, I joined the board game community, and
I enjoyed the local cuisine.”可知作者适应了文莱的生活，所以在离开的时候应该是不愿意离开，故选A。
58. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. destination目的地；B. territory领土；C. home家；D. heaven
天堂。根据上文“The more comfortable I felt, the more we 11 . I hiked, I joined the board game
community, and I enjoyed the local cuisine.”和下文“the warmth of the country”可知作者适应了文莱的生
活，感受了这个国家的温暖，所以她把文莱当作家，故选C。
59. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为在文莱的经历给我上了宝贵的一课：不要以貌取人。A.
advanced先进的；B. valuable宝贵的；C. plain朴素的；D. related相关的。根据下文“Don’t judge a
place by what others say.”可知文莱的经历给作者上了宝贵的一课，让作者知道看东西不能只看表面，故
选B。
60. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，你可能并不总是喜欢你所看到的，但你只需要仔细看看才能找到
你会喜欢的东西。A. professional专业的；B. flexible灵活的；C. irregular不规则的；D. hard仔细的，认
真的。根据下文“to find something you will like”可知要找到你会喜欢的东西，就要仔细看看，故选D。
（2024·湖北·二模）I would say I totally did it.
I could sound a(n) 61 to cause people to pay attention to the children with neurological (神经系
统的) diseases. I could put my 62 as a dancer to perform on stage across the country in order to raise
money for these children.
I have tried a lot, and also 63 a lot.
On the other day I went to 64 money we collected to those extremely sick children. They all
65 me happily and looked at me as if I had been their long-lost family member, and one of them 66
held my hand, expressing his wish that I would come more often.
Therefore, I have made it my life 67 to help fight neurological diseases, and to inspire more
young donors to participate in for 68 lives through arts.
I spend many weekends speaking at medical conferences to provide visibility (可见性) for the 69
ill children, so do my colleagues.
70 things can happen if the arts and medicine join forces. A life can be saved somewhere in the
world with funding research, 71 the medical equipment, and providing home-care services.
In these ways, the young 72 of our generation, along with our times, can come together and
73 a domino effect (多米诺骨牌效应) that we’ve been dreaming about.
I have learned that the 74 work is not something reserved for adults. I am 16 years old and I
am responsible for my fellows. What happens to each of us 75 us all. I’ve only just begun to learn
how to care about others.
61. A. word B. explosion C. threat D. alarm
62. A. energies B. talents C. risks D. spirits
63. A. asked B. responded C. gained D. won
64. A. deliver B. raise C. make D. accept
65. A. glared at B. smiled at C. laughed at D. shouted at
66. A. toughly B. securely C. firmly D. confidently
67. A. goal B. stage C. journey D. chance
68. A. decorating B. taking C. living D. saving
69. A. simply B. frequently C. desperately D. widely
70. A. Foolish B. Extraordinary C. Funny D. Normal
71. A. throwing B. comparing C. supplying D. carrying
72. A. donors B. tourists C. customers D. employers
73. A. design B. reduce C. increase D. create
74. A. remarkable B. reasonable C. considerable D. charitable75. A. affects B. embarrasses C. interests D. puzzles
【答案】
61. D 62. B 63. C 64. A 65. B 66. C 67. A 68. D 69. C 70. B 71. C 72. A 73. D 74. D 75.
A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者以舞蹈作为媒介，为患有神经系统疾病儿童筹集资金，将
帮助对抗神经系统疾病作为人生目标，并激励更多年轻人参与到慈善工作中。
61. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以发出警报，引起人们对患有神经系统疾病儿童的关注。A. word单
词；B. explosion爆炸；C. threat威胁；D. alarm警报。根据下文“to cause people to pay attention to the
children with neurological diseases”可知，此处表示作者发出警报，通过某种方式提醒人们关注患有神经
系统疾病儿童。故选D项。
62. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以发挥作为一名舞者的才能，在全国的舞台上表演，以便为这些孩子
们筹集资金。A. energies精力；B. talents才能；C. risks风险；D. spirits精神。根据下文“as a dancer to
perform on stage across the country”可知，此处表示作者发挥作为一名舞者的才能。故选B项。
63. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尝试了很多，也收获了很多。A. asked询问；B. responded回应；C.
gained获得；D. won赢得。根据下文“On the other day I went to ____4____ money we collected to those
extremely sick children.”可知，作者收获了很多。故选C项。
64. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：前几天，我去给那些病重的孩子们送我们募集的钱。A. deliver递送；B.
raise 筹集；C. make 制造；D. accept 接受。根据下文“money we collected to those extremely sick
children”可知，作者给病重的孩子们递送筹集到的钱款。故选A项。
65. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们都开心地对我微笑，看着我就好像我是他们失散多年的亲人一样，其
中一个紧紧地握着我的手，表达他希望我能常来的愿望。A. glared at 怒视；B. smiled at 微笑；C.
laughed at嘲笑；D. shouted at大喊。根据下文“happily and looked at me as if I had been their long-lost
family member,”可知，作者给他们送来筹集的钱，他们都很开心，对着作者微笑。故选B项。
66. 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. toughly 固执地；B. securely 安全地；C. firmly 坚定地；D.
confidently自信地。根据下文“held my hand, expressing his wish that I would come more often.”以及语
境可知，孩子们很开心，看着作者就好像作者是他们失散多年的亲人，所以此处表示其中一个紧紧握着
作者的手。故选C项。
67. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我将帮助对抗神经系统疾病作为我的人生目标，并激励更多的年轻
捐助者通过艺术参与拯救生命。A. goal目标；B. stage舞台；C. journey旅程；D. chance机会。根据上文
“They all ____5____ me happily and looked at me as if I had been their long-lost family member, and one
of them ____6____ held my hand, expressing his wish that I would come more often.”以及语境可知，作者
感受到了得到帮助的孩子们的开心和感激，推测此处表示作者将帮助对抗神经系统疾病作为自己的人生
目标。故选A项。
68. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. decorating装饰；B. taking携带；C. living生活；D. saving拯救。
根据下文“A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research”可知，作者的行为激励更多
的年轻捐助者拯救生命。故选D项。
69. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我花了很多周末在医疗会议上发言，为急需治疗的儿童提供可见性，我的
同事们也是如此。A. simply简单地；B. frequently频繁地；C. desperately极度地；D. widely广泛地。根
据下文“ill children”可知，孩子们生病了，急需帮助，desperately表示“极其，极度地”，符合语境。
故选C项。
70. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果艺术和医学联合起来，非凡的事情就会发生。A. Foolish愚蠢的；
B. Extraordinary 非凡的；C. Funny 有趣的；D. Normal 正常的。根据下文“A life can be saved
somewhere in the world with funding research, ____11____ the medical equipment, and providing home-
care services.”可知，如果艺术和医学联合起来，非凡的事情会发生。故选B项。
71. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过资助研究，提供医疗设备，以及提供家庭护理服务，世界上某个地方
的生命就能得到挽救。A. throwing投掷；B. comparing比较；C. supplying供应；D. carrying搬运。根据上文“A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research”可知，通过提供医疗设备挽救
生命。故选C项。
72. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这些方式，我们这一代的年轻人，伴随着我们的时代，可以走到一起，
创造出我们一直梦想的多米诺骨牌效应。A. donors捐赠者；B. tourists游客；C. customers顾客；D.
employers 雇主。根据上文“and to inspire more young donors to participate in for ____8____ lives
through arts.”可知，此处表示年轻的捐助者。故选A项。
73. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. design设计；B. reduce减少；C. increase增加；D. create创建。
根据下文“a domino effect (多米诺骨牌效应) that we’ve been dreaming about”以及语境可知，年轻一代
人可以创造多米诺骨牌效应。故选D项。
74. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我了解到，慈善工作并不是专为成人保留的。A. remarkable卓越的；
B. reasonable 合理的；C. considerable 相当大的；D. charitable 慈善的。根据上文“I could put
my ____2____ as a dancer to perform on stage across the country in order to raise money for these
children.”以及“I have made it my life ____7____ to help fight neurological diseases, and to inspire more
young donors to participate in for ____8____ lives through arts.”可知，作者为孩子们筹集资金，并激励
更多年轻捐助者参与到拯救生命的活动中，此处表示慈善性质的工作。故选D项。
75. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：发生在我们每个人身上的事情会影响我们所有人。A. affects影响；B.
embarrasses使尴尬；C. interests使感兴趣；D. puzzles使困惑。根据下文“I’ve only just begun to learn
how to care about others.”以及语境可知，此处表示相互间的影响，发生在每个人身上的事情都会影响所
有人。故选A项。
【模拟二：人与社会类完形填空】
（2023·安徽马鞍山·模拟预测）If Chelsea Phaire, aged 12, has her way, people everywhere will have the
supplies they need to make their own artwork.
For two years, Chelsea has been 1 art supplies to kids in shelters and hospitals, and to other
adults too. “There’s just something about art. It’s so relaxing and 2 ,” she says. “It makes you feel
happy.”
Chelsea learned the 3 of making art when she was four. “My grandpa had passed away, and I was
really 4 ,” she says. “My grandma told me to draw a picture for him. I looked at the picture every day
and it made me 5 my best time with my grandpa. That really helped me get through that 6
time.”
Chelsea also used art to 7 her feelings after being treated badly at school. I’ve found that art can
be part of the healing process after the loss of someone, or another trauma (痛苦经历). It 8 .”
For her eighth birthday, Chelsea 9 an art kit. When her mom said that not everyone was 10
enough to have art in their lives, Chelsea was 11 . “I had always wanted to start a charity, so I 12
then what it would be about.”
On her tenth birthday, she asked for art supplies 13 gifts. She put together 40 kits, and sent
them to a shelter. Since then, with donations to her charity, she has been able to send out about 22,000 kits! She
says, “ 14 children in shelters and seeing kindness grow around the world are my greatest 15
.”
1. A. searching for B. giving away C. putting aside D. picking up
2. A. calming B. convincing C. confusing D. touching
3. A. idea B. process C. power D. business
4. A. nervous B. doubtful C. regretful D. sorrowful
5. A. remember B. change C. share D. record
6. A. free B. short C. tough D. precious
7. A. refer to B. point out C. deal with D. look into8. A. happens B. works C. continues D. matters
9. A. received B. missed C. made D. refused
10. A. smart B. brave C. happy D. lucky
11. A. hesitant B. annoyed C. shocked D. proud
12. A. wondered B. guessed C. agreed D. knew
13. A. due to B. instead of C. in case of D. in terms of
14. A. Caring about B. Rescuing C. Believing in D. Training
15. A. requirements B. achievements C. opportunities D. challenges
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A 15.
B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了12岁的切尔西通过赠送艺术用品给那些在收容所、医院以及其他需
要帮助的人，来传递爱心和艺术治愈力量的故事。
1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：两年来，切尔西一直在向收容所和医院的孩子们以及其他成年人赠送艺术
用品。A. searching for寻找；B. giving away赠送；C. putting aside放在一边；D. picking up捡起。根据
下文的“art supplies to kids in shelters and hospitals, and to other adults too”和“She put together 40 kits,
and sent them to a shelter. Since then, with donations to her charity, she has been able to send out about
22,000 kits!”可知，她向需要的人发送艺术套装，此处指她赠送艺术用品。故选B。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“艺术就是有这样的东西，它是如此的放松和平静，”她说，“它让你
感到快乐。”A. calming平静的；B. convincing令人信服的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. touching感人
的。根据上文的“It’s so relaxing and”可知，本空与relaxing并列，应选择一个与之情感色彩相似的词，
calming“平静的”符合语境。故选A。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：切尔西在四岁的时候就学会了艺术的力量。A. idea想法；B. process过程；
C. power力量；D. business生意。根据下文的“My grandma told me to draw a picture for him. I looked
at the picture every day and it made me 5 my best time with my grandpa. That really helped me get
through that 6 time.”可知，艺术帮助她度过难关，这里指的是艺术的力量。故选C。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我爷爷去世了，我真的很悲伤，”她说。A. nervous紧张的；B.
doubtful怀疑的；C. regretful后悔的；D. sorrowful悲伤的。根据上文的“My grandpa had passed away”
可知，爷爷去世自然会让人感到悲伤。故选D。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每天都看那幅画，它让我想起了我和爷爷在一起的美好时光。A.
remember记住，想起；B. change改变；C. share分享；D. record记录。根据上文的“I looked at the
picture every day and it made me”和下文的“my best time with my grandpa”可知，此处指画让切尔西想
起与爷爷的美好时光。故选A。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这真的帮助我度过了那段艰难的时期。A. free自由的；B. short短暂的；
C. tough艰难的；D. precious珍贵的。根据上文的“My grandpa had passed away, and I was really 4 ”
和“That really helped me get through that”可知，失去亲人对于孩子来说是一段艰难的时间。故选C。
7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：切尔西也在学校受到恶劣对待后，用艺术来处理自己的情绪。A. refer to提
及；B. point out指出；C. deal with处理；D. look into调查。根据下文的“her feelings after being treated
badly at school”可知，此处指用艺术作为处理情绪的手段。故选C。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了。A. happens发生；B. works起作用；C. continues继续；D.
matters重要。根据上文的“I’ve found that art can be part of the healing process after the loss of someone,
or another trauma (痛苦经历).”可知，此处指艺术在治疗过程中确实起了作用。故选B。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：八岁生日时，切尔西收到了一套艺术工具包。A. received收到；B. missed
错过；C. made制作；D. refused拒绝。根据上文的“For her eighth birthday”和下文的“an art kit”可知，
这里是收到了一个艺术工具包作为生日礼物。故选A。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她妈妈说，并不是每个人都有足够的运气在生活中拥有艺术时，切尔西感到很震惊。A. smart聪明的；B. brave勇敢的；C. happy快乐的；D. lucky幸运的。根据下文的
“enough to have art in their lives”可知，拥有艺术的机会在这里被描绘成一种幸运。故选D。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：切尔西感到很震惊。A. hesitant 犹豫的；B. annoyed 恼怒的；C.
shocked震惊的；D. proud骄傲的。根据上文的“When her mom said that not everyone was 10 enough to
have art in their lives,”可知，得知并非所有人都能接触艺术，切尔西感到惊讶。故选C。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直想创办一个慈善机构，所以那时我就知道它会是什么样的了。A.
wondered 想知道；B. guessed 猜测；C. agreed 同意；D. knew 知道。根据下文的“what it would be
about”可知，此处指切尔西想明白了她想创办的慈善机构的主题。故选D。
13. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：十岁生日时，她要求别人送给她艺术用品作为礼物。A. due to由于；B.
instead of而不是；C. in case of万一；D. in terms of就……而言。根据上文的“On her tenth birthday,
she asked for art supplies”可知，此处指她想要艺术用品而不是其他礼物。故选B。
14. 考查动词单词和短语辨析。句意：关心收容所里的孩子们，看到善良在全世界传播，是我最大的成就。
A. Caring about关心；B. Rescuing救援；C. Believing in信任；D. Training培训。根据上文的“children
in shelters”可知，切尔西通过自己的行动表达了对收容所孩子的关心。故选A。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. requirements要求；B. achievements成就；C. opportunities机会；
D. challenges挑战。根据上文的“She says, “14 children in shelters and seeing kindness grow around the
world are my greatest”可知，对于切尔西来说，她的善行是她最骄傲的成就。故选B。
（2024·吉林长春·模拟预测）A father saw that his 11 year old son was crying silently. He asked him,
“What’s the matter, son?” The young boy replied, “My rich classmates laughed at me and called me son of the
16 . They said that my father lived only on the money he earns from watering and feeding plants for people”.
The father 17 for a moment and then said, “Come with me, son. Let’s plant some flowers. It might
cheer you up.”
He held his hand and 18 him to the garden. Then he took out some flower seeds and said, “Let’s
19 an experiment. We will plant two flowers 20 . I will care for one and you will care for the
other. I will water mine with the clean water from the lake while you will water yours with 21 water
from the pond. We shall see the 22 in the weeks to come.” The son was 23 as he joined his
father in planting the flowers. It took them some days to finely sprout the flower seeds. They cared for them and
watched them grow.
Later on, the father brought his son to the garden and said to him, “Look at the two flowers and tell me your
24 ” The boy responded, “My flower looks better and healthier than yours. How is that 25 when
your water is cleaner?” The father smiled and then said, “That’s because dirty water doesn’t 26 a
plant from growing. Rather, it 27 as organic fertilizer to help it flourish. So don’t let the harsh words
from people 28 you. Instead, let it 29 you into being a better person and doing so, you
will be like the plant and will flourish even in the midst of dirt like 30 and harsh words.”
16. A. explorer B. salesman C. gardener D. biologist
17. A. waited B. paused C. cried D. sighed
18. A. walked B. admitted C. drove D. exposed
19. A. carry out B. work out C. bring out D. make out
20. A. secretly B. casually C. patiently D. separately
21. A. cold B. dirty C. warm D. clear
22. A. fruit B. outcome C. benefit D. effort
23. A. delighted B. qualified C. satisfied D. determined
24. A. lesson B. feeling C. observation D. expectation
25. A. necessary B. available C. vital D. possible
26. A. protect B. stop C. remove D. save
27. A. serves B. ends C. starts D. passes28. A. warn B. persuade C. move D. affect
29. A. force B. persuade C. encourage D. cheat
30. A. conflict B. tension C. negativity D. dilemma
【答案】
16. C 17. B 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30.
C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位父亲通过脏水能够作为有机肥料来帮助植物茁壮成长的实验来开
导受到同学嘲笑的儿子：不要受别人刻薄话语的影响，要把它当成养分，促进自己茁壮成长。
16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我那些有钱的同学嘲笑我，叫我园丁的儿子。A. explorer探险家；B.
salesman销售员；C. gardener花匠，园丁；D. biologist生物学家。根据后文“the money he earns from
watering and feeding plants for people”可知，男孩的父亲通过为植物浇水施肥来挣钱，是一名园丁。故选
C项。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲停顿了一下，然后说：“跟我来，儿子。让我们种些花吧。这会使你
高兴起来的。”A. waited等待；B. paused暂停；C. cried大喊；D. sighed叹气。根据后文“and then
said, “Come with me, son. Let’s plant some flowers. It might cheer you up.””可知，父亲听了儿子的话，停
顿了一下，然后想到了开导儿子的办法。故选B项。
18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他牵着他的手，把他带到花园。A. walked陪某人走；B. admitted承认；
C. drove驾驶；D. exposed暴露。根据前文“He held his hand”及后文“him to the garden”可知，父亲把
儿子带到了花园。故选A项。
19. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：让我们做一个实验。A. carry out实施；B. work out解决；C. bring out出
版；D. make out理解。根据后文“an experiment”可知，父亲要和儿子做一个实验。故选A项。
20. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们将分别种两朵花。A. secretly 秘密地；B. casually 随意地；C.
patiently耐心地；D. separately分别地。根据后文“I will care for one and you will care for the other.”可
知，父亲提议他和儿子分别种两朵花。故选D项。
21. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我将用湖中的清水给我的水浇水，而你将用池塘里的脏水给你的水浇水。
A. cold寒冷的；B. dirty脏的；C. warm温暖的；D. clear清楚的。根据前文“the clean water from the
lake”及后文“water from the pond”可知，前后构成对比，父亲用湖中的清水浇花，儿子用池塘里的脏水
浇花。故选B项。
22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们将在未来几周看到结果。A. fruit水果；B. outcome结果；C. benefit
益处；D. effort努力。根据前文“Let’s ____4___ an experiment.”后文“in the weeks to come”可知，几周
后会看到实验结果。故选B项。
23. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：儿子高兴地和父亲一起种花。A. delighted开心的；B. qualified有资格
的；C. satisfied满意的；D. determined有决心的。根据后文“It took them some days to finely sprout the
flower seeds. They cared for them and watched them grow.”可知，儿子和父亲一起等待种子发芽，成长，
说明儿子享受和父亲一起种花。故选A项。
24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，父亲把儿子带到花园，对他说：“看看这两朵花，告诉我你的观察
结果。”A. lesson 教训；B. feeling 感觉；C. observation 观察；D. expectation 期待。根据后文“My
flower looks better and healthier than yours.”可知，这是儿子观察到的结果。故选C项。
25. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你的水更干净，这怎么可能呢？A. necessary必要的；B. available可获
得的；C. vital重要的；D. possible可能的。根据前文“My flower looks better and healthier than yours.”
及后文“when your water is cleaner”可知，父亲浇花的水更干净，但儿子的花却比父亲的花长得好，故
儿子充满了不解，不知道为什么会这样。故选D项。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是因为脏水不会阻止植物生长。相反，它可以作为有机肥料来帮助它茁
壮成长。A. protect保护；B. stop停止；C. remove移除；D. save挽救。根据后文“Rather, it ____12____
as organic fertilizer to help it flourish.”可知，脏水作为有机肥料来帮助花茁壮成长，故脏水不会阻止植物
生长。故选B项。27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是因为脏水不会阻止植物生长。相反，它可以作为有机肥料来帮助它茁
壮成长。A. serves服务；B. ends终结；C. starts开始；D. passes通过。根据后文“as organic fertilizer”
可知，脏水可以充当有机肥料。serve as表示“充当”。故选A项。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以不要让别人的刻薄话语影响到你。A. warn警告；B. persuade说服；
C. move移动；D. affect影响。根据前文“don’t let the harsh words from people”及后文“you”可知，父
亲开导儿子，不要受别人的刻薄话语影响。故选D项。
29. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，让它鼓励你成为一个更好的人，这样做，你就会像植物一样，即使
在消极和严厉的话语中也会茁壮成长。A. force强迫；B. persuade说服；C. encourage鼓励；D. cheat欺
骗。根据前文“don’t let the harsh words from people ____13____ you. ”及“Instead”可知，前后句意相反，
不能受别人的刻薄话语影响，那就应该从积极的方面看待这些消极的言语，即从中获得鼓励。故选C项。
30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，让它鼓励你成为一个更好的人，这样做，你就会像植物一样，即使
在消极和严厉的话语中也会茁壮成长。A. conflict冲突；B. tension紧张关系；C. negativity消极性；D.
dilemma困境。根据前文“My rich classmates laughed at me”及后文“and harsh words”可知，此处应表
示别人对自己的消极评价和态度。故选C项。
（2024·江苏盐城·模拟预测）Kanye West is a pop star with record sales of over 140 million and 21
Grammy awards. He is a(n) 31 and entrepreneur (企业家), and his net financial worth is 32
at over a billion dollars.
Despite 33 from the establishment, he wrote and recorded his first album “The College Dropout”
while 34 a car accident leaving him with a broken jaw. Unfortunately, someone 35 his first
album before it was released—he didn’t give up; he chose to rewrite all his songs and make the album better than
it was before. For Kanye West, challenges are there to make you 36 better. The album sold 2.6 million
copies, which turned out to be a hit.
However, Kanye West was not an overnight success; he writes his songs using the 37 material of
his life to make a 38 with his fans. His career 39 shows that you need to watch out for
40 —like becoming a fashion designer and setting up his businesses. The most important 41
that Kanye West teaches by example is the power of passionately pursuing your goals and refusing to be stopped
by 42 . Though lacking 43 experience, he never doubted he could be a rapper (说唱歌
手).
Although your interests and skills may differ from Kanye West’s, you have the 44 to pursue
your dreams with devotion and effort. All it 45 is self-belief and hard work.
31. A. bank accountant B. sales manager C. music professor D. fashion designer
32. A. valued B. set C. paid D. charged
33. A. limitation B. interruption C. prohibition D. opposition
34. A. recovering from B. looking into C. coming across D. going through
35. A. broke B. bought C. leaked D. loaded
36. A. profit B. perform C. budget D. market
37. A. concrete B. consistent C. rare D. raw
38. A. connection B. contrast C. complaint D. creation
39. A. in place B. to date C. at large D. on schedule
40. A. personalities B. opportunities C. accidents D. comments
41. A. class B. lecture C. lesson D. talk
42. A. objectives B. substances C. submissions D. setbacks
43. A. relevant B. inspiring C. demanding D. reliable
44. A. ability B. edge C. option D. intention
45. A. has B. takes C. makes D. gets
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. B 41. C 42. D 43. A 44. C 45.
B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了流行歌手坎耶·维斯特的个人经历。
31. 考查名词短语辨析。句意：他是一名时装设计师和企业家，他的净资产价值超过 10亿美元。A. bank
accountant银行会计师；B. sales manager销售经理；C. music professor音乐教授；D. fashion designer时
装设计师。根据下文中的“like becoming a fashion designer and setting up his businesses”可知，他是一名
时装设计师和企业家。故选D。
32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. valued给……估价，给……定价；B. set设置；C. paid支付；
D. charged收费，要价。根据空前的“his net financial worth is”和空后的“at over a billion dollars”可知，
这里指的是他的净资产价值估价。be valued at...意为“估价为……”。故选A。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管遭到当权派的抵制，他还是创作并录制了自己的第一张专辑《the
College Dropout》，当时他正从一场导致下巴骨折的车祸中恢复过来。A. limitation 限制；B.
interruption 打断；C. prohibition 禁止；D. opposition 反对，抵制。根据空前的“Despite”和空后的
“from the establishment”可知，他受到了当权派的抵制。故选D。
34. 考查动词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. recovering from从……恢复；B. looking into调查；C. coming
across（偶然）遇见；D. going through 经历，通过。根据空后的“a car accident leaving him with a
broken jaw”可知，他在车祸受伤痊愈期间创作并录制了第一章专辑。故选A。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，有人在他的第一张专辑发行前就泄露了——他没有放弃；他选
择重写所有歌曲，使专辑比以前更好。A. broke打破；B. bought买；C. leaked泄露；D. loaded装上，装
入。根据空后的“his first album before it was released”可知，有人在他发布专辑之前就泄露了。故选
C。
36. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于坎耶·维斯特来说，挑战是为了让你表现得更好。A. profit获益；B.
perform做，表现；C. budget把……编入预算；D. market推销。根据上文中的“he chose to rewrite all
his songs and make the album better than it was before”可知，坎耶·维斯特重新写了所有歌曲，结果比以
前的更好，挑战让他做得更好。故选B。
37. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，坎耶·维斯特并非一蹴而就；他用自己生活的原材料创作歌曲，
与歌迷建立联系。A. concrete具体的；B. consistent始终如一的；C. rare稀少的；D. raw原始的。根据
空后的“material of his life”可知，他的歌曲取材于生活中的原材料。故选D。
38. 考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. connection联系；B. contrast对比；C. complaint抱怨；D.
creation创造。根据空后的“with his fans”可知，他和歌迷建立联系。故选A。
39. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：他迄今为止的职业生涯表明，你需要注意机会——比如成为一名时装设计
师和创办他的企业。A. in place 在正确位置；B. to date 到目前为止；C. at large 整个，全部；D. on
schedule 如期。根据第一段“Kanye West is a pop star with record sales of over 140 million and 21
Grammy awards. He is a(n) 1 and entrepreneur (企业家), and his net financial worth is 2
at over a billion dollars.”可知，坎耶·维斯特现在是一个非常成功的歌手、时装设计师、企业家，他到目
前为止的职业生涯非常成功。故选B。
40. 考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. personalities个性；B. opportunities机会；C. accidents事故；
D. comments评论。根据空后的“like becoming a fashion designer and setting up his businesses”并结合常
识可知，成为时装设计师或者创业都需要契机，要学会把握机会。故选B。
41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：坎耶·维斯特以自己为榜样教授的最重要的一课是激情追求目标和拒绝被
挫折阻止的力量。A. class班级；B. lecture讲座；C. lesson经验，教训；D. talk谈话。根据空后的“that
Kanye West teaches by example is the power of passionately pursuing your goals and refusing to be stopped
by 12 ”可知，这里是指坎耶·维斯特教给人们的经验教训。故选C。
42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. objectives目标；B. substances物质；C. submissions屈服，投
降；D. setbacks挫折。根据空前的“refusing to be stopped by”可知，这里指拒绝被挫折阻止。故选D。
43. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管缺乏相关经验，但他从未怀疑自己能成为一名说唱歌手。A.relevant相关的，有关的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. demanding要求高的；D. reliable可信赖的。根据
空前的“lacking”和空后的“experience”可知，他缺乏说唱方面的相关经验。故选A。
44. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管你的兴趣和技能可能与坎耶·维斯特不同，但你可以选择全心全意地
追求梦想。A. ability 能力；B. edge 边缘；C. option 选择，选择权；D. intention 意图，目的。根据
“Although your interests and skills may differ from Kanye West’s”和“to pursue your dreams with
devotion and effort”可知，虽然你的情况和坎耶·维斯特或许有所不同，但你依然可以选择全心全意地追
求梦想。故选C。
45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所需要的只是自信和努力工作。A. has有；B. takes需要，拿走；C.
makes制作；D. gets得到。All后面是一个定语从句，先行词和空处之间属于动宾关系，根据句意，这里
指的是追求梦想所需要的东西。故选B。
（2024·江苏南京·模拟预测）In 2014, Amy collapsed from a brain hemorrhage (脑溢血) while working.
After a year recovering at home, she 46 a course with the ambition to become a 47 .
However, occasional vision disturbance was still 48 , influencing the amount of 49 she
could give to the course. Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it
difficult to see a whole figure. It’s particularly 50 because it seemed to 51 her optimism to
be a painter!
One morning, when watching the sunrise, she suddenly felt a sense of 52 . She realized that she
may not 53 a whole face anymore, but it shouldn’t stop her from putting what she could see on canvas
(画布). The following years, she 54 her special art journey.
“Strangely, my experience has increased my 55 when drawing, enabling me to catch a
character better,” she explains. “People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character. I have
more determination and appreciation for my 56 . These are 57 I wouldn’t have had
without everything I’ve 58 .” For her new touring exhibition, she has produced a series of artworks
based on her visual experience. “In the 59 interaction between what I can and cannot see lies my
perspective on the world.”
Sometimes, we can tur a loss into a gain: something unique and individual that has been gifted to us by
never 60 .
46. A. made use of B. looked forward to C. signed up for D. took pride in
47. A. teacher B. doctor C. worker D. painter
48. A. present B. unnoticed C. unusual D. strange
49. A. credit B. energy C. instruction D. donation
50. A. disappointing B. exciting C. inspiring D. depressing
51. A. ruin B. boost C. spread D. express
52. A. achievement B. thankfulness C. belongings D. security
53. A. see B. touch C. draw D. cover
54. A. shared B. concluded C. started D. recalled
55. A. eyesight B. sensitivity C. taste D. attention
56. A. talent B. choice C. role D. vision
57. A. gifts B. challenges C. awards D. pains
58. A. relied on B. gone after C. survived through D. thought of
59. A. active B. misty C. social D. regular
60. A. losing B. leaving C. quitting D. failing
【答案】
46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. B 56. D 57. A 58. C 59. B 60.
C
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述得了脑溢血的艾米在康复后视力模糊，但仍然坚持成为一名画家的故事。
46. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在家康复一年后，她报名参加了一门课程，立志成为一名画家。A.
made use of利用；B. looked forward to期待；C. signed up for报名参加；D. took pride in以……骄傲。
根据下文“a course with the ambition to become a 2 .”可知，在艾米康复之后去报名参加了一门
课程。故选C。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第 1题详解。A. teacher老师；B. doctor医生；C. worker工人；D.
painter画家。根据下文“...it seemed to 6 her optimism to be a painter!”可知，艾米是打算成为
一名画家。故选D。
48. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，偶尔的视觉障碍仍然存在，影响了她在课程中所能给予的能量。
A. present存在，现在的；B. unnoticed没有注意到的；C. unusual不同寻常的；D. strange奇怪的。根据
下文“influencing the amount of 4 she could give to the course”可知，偶尔的视觉障碍影响了她，
所以是仍然存在的。故选A。
49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第3题详解。A. credit信用；B. energy精力；C. instruction指示；D.
donation捐赠。根据上文“occasional vision disturbance was still 3 ”可知，偶尔的视觉障碍仍
然存在，所以影响了她在课程中所能给予的精力和能量。故选B。
50. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这尤其令人沮丧的，因为这似乎破坏了她作为一名画家的乐观精神！A.
disappointing令人失望的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. inspiring令人鼓舞的；D. depressing令人沮丧的。
根据上文“Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult
to see a whole figure.”可知，作为一名画家却很难看到整个人物，这是尤其令人沮丧的事情。故选D。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A. ruin毁灭；B. boost促进；C. spread展开；D. express
表达。根据上文“Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it
difficult to see a whole figure.”可知，很难看到整个人物会毁了画家的未来，也毁了她的积极性。故选
A。
52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，在看日出的时候，她突然感到一种感激之情。A. achievement
成就；B. thankfulness感谢；C. belongings所有物；D. security安全。根据下文“She realized that she
may not 8 a whole face anymore, but it shouldn’t stop her from putting what she could see on
canvas (画布).”可知，艾米意识到她仍然可以画画，所以应该是有感激之情。故选B。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她意识到，她可能再也看不到整张脸了，但这不应该阻止她把能看到的东
西放在画布上。A. see 看见；B. touch 触摸；C. draw 画画；D. cover 盖。根据上文“Further
complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole
figure.”可知，艾米看不到整张脸。故选A。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的几年，她开始了自己特殊的艺术之旅。A. shared分享；B.
concluded总结；C. started开始；D. recalled回忆。根据下文““Strangely, my experience has increased
my 10 when drawing, enabling me to catch a character better,” she explains.”可知，艾米开始了
她的绘画旅程。故选C。
55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她解释道：“奇怪的是，我的经历增加了我画画时的敏感度，使我能够更
好地捕捉角色。”A. eyesight视线；B. sensitivity敏感；C. taste味道；D. attention注意力。根据下文
“enabling me to catch a character better”和“People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the
character.”可知，艾米可以更好地捕捉到角色，所以她的经历增加了画画时的敏感度。故选B。
56. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对自己的视觉有了更多的决心和欣赏。A. talent才能；B. choice选择；
C. role 角色；D. vision 视觉。根据上文“Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost
completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure.”可知，艾米的视力有问题，所以随着绘画的继
续，她对自己的视觉有了更多的决心和欣赏。故选D。
57. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有我所经历的一切，这些都是我无法拥有的礼物。A. gifts礼物；
B. challenges挑战；C. awards奖励；D. pains痛苦。根据上文“People often speak highly of the detail
and sensitivity of the character. I have more determination and appreciation for my 11 .”和下文“something unique and individual that has been gifted to us”可知，艾米在经历一切磨难之后应该是会把
获得的一切看做是她的礼物。故选A。
58. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. relied on依赖；B. gone after追随；C. survived
through经历，幸存下来；D. thought of考虑。根据上文“The following years, she 9 her special
art journey.”可知，这里应该是指艾米的这些经历。故选C。
59. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我能看到的和看不到的模糊互动中，隐藏着我对世界的看法。A.
active积极的；B. misty模糊的；C. social社会的；D. regular有规律的。根据下文“interaction between
what I can and cannot see”可知，在能看到的和看不到的事物之间就是模糊的。故选B。
60. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，我们可以将损失转化为收益：一种独特的、个性化的东西，通过永
不放弃而赋予我们。A. losing失去；B. leaving离开；C. quitting放弃；D. failing失败。根据上文“One
morning, when watching the sunrise, she suddenly felt a sense of 7 . She realized that she may not
8 a whole face anymore, but it shouldn’t stop her from putting what she could see on canvas (画布).
The following years, she 9 her special art journey.”可知，艾米的成就都归功于她的坚持和不放
弃。故选C。
（2024·江苏盐城·三模）Tucked away in Tongxiang city, Zhejiang province, the captivating water town of
Puyuan is 61 in history and elegance. Recently, this ancient haven has 62 on a remarkable
project, merging reality with literature by vividly reenacting scenes from a renowned classic. From late June to the
end of August, Puyuan 63 into a living, breathing canvas where the book’s antiquated lifestyle is
resurrected, beckoning visitors into a realm where time stands still.
As one 64 into the scenic area, the bustling world outside fades away, replaced by the allure of the
past. With maps in hand, tourists 65 into participants in an interactive journey, unearthing the daily
rhythms of ancient life. Each guest assumes an identity 66 in the era, immersing themselves in a series of
quests that 67 history with intrigue.
At the heart of this experience are the immersive activities and 68 encounters. Staff, clad in
exquisite Song Dynasty attire, act as NPCs—non-player characters—enriching the visitor’s adventure with 69
dialogue and challenges. This approach doesn’t merely 70 the literary work; it crafts a participatory
narrative, enabling guests to feel the pulse of history.
The initiative fosters 71 engagement, transforming observers into protagonists of their own
historical saga. Through this fusion of ancient narratives and modern exploration, Puyuan not only 72
its cultural legacy but also invigorates it, ensuring that the echoes of the past resonate with the present.
Under the soft glow of lanterns, the whispers of the ancients mingle with the excited chatter of modern-day
travelers, 73 a tapestry of tradition and discovery. Puyuan, with its doors wide open, 74
curious souls to step inside and live the legends of old, offering a rare opportunity to 75 the boundaries
of time and immerse oneself in the vibrant hues of China’s storied past.
61. A. shrouded B. soaked C. steeped D. submerged
62. A. launched B. embarked C. initiated D. started
63. A. transforms B. changes C. evolves D. shifts
64. A. ventures B. steps C. walks D. enters
65. A. turn B. convert C. transform D. change
66. A. rooted B. grounded C. based D. established
67. A. blends B. mixes C. combines D. merges
68. A. interactive B. engaging C. dynamic D. responsive
69. A. genuine B. real C. authentic D. true
70. A. displays B. exhibits C. shows D. presents
71. A. active B. passive C. indirect D. direct
72. A. preserves B. maintains C. keeps D. retains73. A. creating B. weaving C. knitting D. forming
74. A. invites B. calls C. summons D. welcomes
75. A. cross B. jump C. leap D. traverse
【答案】
61. C 62. B 63. A 64. A 65. C 66. A 67. A 68. A 69. C 70. B 71. A 72. A 73. B 74. A 75.
D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了位于浙江省桐乡市的濮院，是一个历史与优雅并存的迷人水乡。
61. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：坐落在浙江省桐乡的迷人水乡——濮院，历史与优雅并存。A. shrouded
笼罩；B. soaked 浸泡；C. steeped 使沉浸；D. submerged 淹没。根据句意以及下文“history and
elegance”由此可知，此处应表示濮院沉浸在历史与优雅中。be steeped in“沉浸于”为固定短语。故选C
项。
62. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，这个古老的港湾开始了一项非凡的工程，通过生动地重现著名经典
中的场景，将现实与文学结合起来。A. launched发射；B. embarked开始；C. initiated发起；D. started
开始。根据上文“Recently”以及下文“a remarkable project”由此可知，此处应表示这个古老的港湾开始
了一项非凡的工程。embark on“开始”为固定短语。故选B项。
63. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从6月下旬到8月底，濮院变成了一个活生生的、会呼吸的画布，书中古
老的生活方式在这里复活，吸引着游客进入一个时间静止的领域。A. transforms变成；B. changes改变；
C. evolves进化；D. shifts转移。根据句意以及下文“a living, breathing canvas”由此可知，此处应表示濮
院变成了一个活生生的、会呼吸的画布。transform into“转变成”为固定短语。故选A项。
64. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个人冒险进入景区，外面熙熙攘攘的世界消失了，取而代之的是过去
的诱惑。A. ventures 冒险；B. steps 迈步；C. walks 步行；D. enters 进入。根据下文“enriching the
visitor’s adventure with ___9___ dialogue and challenges.”提到冒险，由此可知，此处应表示一个人冒险
进入景区看到的景象。venture into“冒险进入”为固定短语。故选A项。
65. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：手里拿着地图，游客们变成了互动旅程的参与者，发掘古代生活的日常节
奏。A. turn转动，求助；B. convert转换；C. transform转变；D. change改变。 根据句意以及下文
“participants in an interactive journey”由此可知，此处应表示游客们变成了互动旅程的参与者。
transform into“转变成”为固定短语。故选C项。
66. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个游客都有一个植根于时代的身份，沉浸在一系列融合了历史和阴谋的
任务中。A. rooted根植于；B. grounded以……为根据；C. based基于；D. established建立。根据上文
“an identity”以及下文“in the era”由此可知，此处应表示每个客人都有一个植根于时代的身份。故选 A
项。
67. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个游客都有一个植根于时代的身份，沉浸在一系列融合了历史和阴谋的
任务中。A. blends混合，融合；B. mixes混合；C. combines结合；D. merges合并。根据句意以及下文
“history with intrigue”由此可知，此处应表示沉浸在一系列融合了历史和阴谋的任务中。blend
with“与……混合，与……融合”为固定短语。故选A项。
68. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种体验的核心是沉浸式活动和互动体验。A. interactive互动的；B.
engaging参与的；C. dynamic充满活力的；D. responsive反应迅速的。根据上文“At the heart of this
experience are the immersive activities”由此可知，此处应表示这种体验的核心是沉浸式活动和互动体验。
故选A项。
69. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：工作人员穿着精致的宋朝服装，扮演 NPCs (非玩家角色)，用真实的对
话和挑战丰富游客的冒险。A. genuine真正的；B. real真正的；C. authentic逼真的；D. true真实的。根
据句意以及下文“dialogue and challenges”由此可知，此处应表示用真实的对话和挑战丰富游客的冒险。
故选C项。
70. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种方法并不仅仅是文学作品展览。A. displays扮演；B. exhibits展览；
C. shows表明，展示；D. presents呈现。根据句意以及下文“the literary work”由此可知，此处应表示这
种方法并不仅仅是文学作品展览。故选B项。71. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该倡议促进了积极参与，将观察员转变为各自历史传奇的主角。A.
active 积极的； B. passive 被动的；C. indirect 间接的；D. direct 直接的。根据下文“…
engagement, transforming observers into protagonists of their own historical saga”由此可知，此处应表示
该倡议促进了积极参与，将观察员转变为各自历史传奇的主角。故选A项。
72. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这种古代叙事与现代探索的融合，濮院不仅保留了其文化遗产，而且
使其充满活力，确保过去的回声与现在共鸣。A. preserves保留；B. maintains维持；C. keeps保持；D.
retains保持。根据句意以及下文“its cultural legacy but also invigorates it”，由此可知，此处应表示濮院
不仅保留了其文化遗产，而且使其充满活力。故选A项。
73. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在柔和的灯光下，古人的窃窃私语与现代旅行者兴奋的交谈交织在一起，
编织着传统与发现的织锦。A. creating创造；B. weaving编织；C. knitting联合；D. forming形成。根据
句意以及下文“a tapestry of tradition and discovery.”由此可知，此处应表示古人的窃窃私语与现代旅行
者兴奋的交谈交织在一起，编织着传统与发现的织锦。故选B项。
74. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：濮院的大门敞开，邀请好奇的心灵走进来，体验古老的传说，这是一个难
得的机会，可以穿越时间的界限，沉浸在中国历史悠久的充满活力的色彩中。A. invites邀请；B. calls号
召；C. summons传唤；D. welcomes欢迎。根据句意以及下文“curious souls to step inside”由此可知，此
处应表示濮院的大门敞开，邀请好奇的心灵走进来。故选A项。
75. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：濮院的大门敞开，邀请好奇的心灵走进来，体验古老的传说，这是一个难
得的机会，可以穿越时间的界限，沉浸在中国历史悠久的充满活力的色彩中。A. cross交叉；B. jump跳；
C. leap飞跃；D. traverse穿越。根据句意以及下文“the boundaries of time”由此可知，此处应表示这是
一个难得的机会，可以穿越时间的界限，沉浸在中国历史悠久的充满活力的色彩中。故选D项。
【模拟三：人与自然类完形填空】
（2024·湖南衡阳·模拟预测）My family always had various animals around, but I never had one that
truly belonged to me. My parents didn’t permit me to 1 my own until I was nine years old. Finally, I
was 2 to have my own 3 , a fish called Mark. I told my parents that it was my
responsibility to 4 it.
Every Saturday, I would clean out his bowl. I found myself 5 invitations from my friends to go
somewhere immediately after school, because I would have to feed my fish first. Every day he would remind me
that I was 6 and that I had someone relying on me.
One day, I came home from school and headed to my room to 7 Mark. I found a 8
thing had happened. I 9 my bag and ran over to the bowl. I saw my best friend Mark floating around,
lifeless. I couldn’t believe what I was seeing.
My mom walked into my room. I turned around as tears started to well in my eyes. “Mommy, Mark died!”
With that 10 word I started crying uncontrollably. My mom came to my side as I hid my face in my
pillows.
After a while, I suddenly realized that Mark hadn’t just 11 me. He had taught me what 12
meant. I learned it through feeding him and cleaning his bowl. This made me feel 13 . To my nine-
year-old self, this was a great 14 . Slowly, a smile crossed my face. Mark was gone. 15 ,
the lessons he taught me would forever be carved into my memory.
1. A. draw B. keep C. imagine D. share
2. A. doubtful B. surprised C. excited D. afraid
3. A. room B. pet C. time D. mind
4. A. get hold of B. make use of C. look after D. play with
5. A. turning down B. putting away C. asking for D. showing off
6. A. needed B. recognized C. scolded D. replaced
7. A. save B. wash C. impress D. feed8. A. basic B. familiar C. magical D. terrible
9. A. emptied B. dropped C. grabbed D. checked
10. A. last B. common C. extra D. simple
11. A. defeated B. reminded C. left D. chosen
12. A. preference B. responsibility C. humanity D. independence
13. A. safe B. tired C. sorry D. good
14. A. achievement B. treatment C. disappointment D. agreement
15. A. Otherwise B. Besides C. Therefore D. However
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. A 15.
D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者9岁的时候，父母允许作者养了一条名为Mark的鱼。作者
觉得照顾好这条鱼是他的责任。后来Mark死了，但是它教会了作者什么是责任。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父母直到我九岁才允许我养自己的动物。A. draw画，描绘；B. keep养，
饲养；C. imagine想象；D. share分享。根据上文“but I never had one that truly belonged to me.”可知，
作者从没有属于自己的宠物，故此处指直到九岁时父母才允许作者养宠物，故选B。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我很高兴有了自己的宠物，一条叫 Mark的鱼。A. doubtful怀疑
的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. excited兴奋的；D. afraid害怕的。根据“to have my own _____3_____, a
fish called Mark”可知，有了宠物，作者应是感觉兴奋，故选C。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. room房间；B. pet宠物；C. time时间；D. mind头脑。根据“a
fish called Mark”可知，鱼是作者的宠物，故选B。
4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我告诉父母照看它是我的责任。A. get hold of获得；B. make use of利用；
C. look after照顾；D. play with和……玩耍。根据下文“Every Saturday, I would clean out his bowl.”以
及“because I would have to feed my fish first”可知，作者清洗碗和给鱼喂食，照顾鱼是作者的责任，故
选C。
5. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我发现自己会拒绝朋友们放学后马上去某地的邀请，因为我得先喂鱼。A.
turning down 拒绝；B. putting away 收起，放好；C. asking for 要求；D. showing off 炫耀。根据
“because I would have to feed my fish first”可知，作者先要喂鱼，所以拒绝朋友们的邀约，故选A。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天他都会提醒我，有人需要我，有人依靠着我。A. needed需要；B.
recognized 认出，识别；C. scolded 责骂；D. replaced 替代。根据上文“I would have to feed my fish
first”和空后“I had someone relying on me”可知，作者要给鱼喂食，故鱼需要作者，依赖作者，故选
A。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我从学校回到家，去我的房间喂Mark。A. save救；B. wash洗；C.
impress给……留下深刻印象；D. feed喂食。根据上文“…after school, because I would have to feed my
fish first”可知，作者放学后先去喂鱼，故选D。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现发生了一件可怕的事情。A. basic基本的；B. familiar熟悉的；C.
magical有魔力的；D. terrible可怕的。根据下文“I saw my best friend Mark floating around, lifeless.(我
看到我最好的朋友Mark漂浮着，没有生命)”可知，作者发现了一件可怕的事情，故选D。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我扔下书包，跑到碗边。A. emptied清空；B. dropped放下；C. grabbed
抓住；D. checked检查。根据上文“I came home from school and headed to my room”和空后“ran over
to the bowl”可知，作者放学回家后去房间喂鱼时发现鱼死了，故是放下书包跑去查看，故选B。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：说完最后一个字，我不由自主地哭了起来。A. last最后的；B. common
普通的；C. extra额外的；D. simple简单的。根据“Mommy, Mark died!”可知，作者说完这句话就哭了，
故选A。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，我突然意识到 Mark并没有离开我。A. defeated打败；B.
reminded提醒；C. left离开；D. chosen选择。根据下文内容以及文章后一句“the lessons he taught mewould forever be carved into my memory(他教给我的教训将永远铭刻在我的记忆中)”可知，Mark虽然死
了，但他教会作者什么是责任，故他并没有离开，故选C。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他教会了我什么是责任。A. preference偏爱；B. responsibility责任；C.
humanity人性；D. independence独立。根据第一段中“I told my parents that it was my responsibility to
_____4_____ it.”以及下文“I learned it through feeding him and cleaning his bowl.(我是通过喂他吃饭和给
他洗碗学会的)”可知，作者通过照顾鱼学会了什么是责任，故选B。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我感觉很好。A. safe安全的；B. tired累的；C. sorry抱歉的；D.
good好的。作者学会了什么是责任，这是一件好事，故选D。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对 9 岁的我来说，这是一个伟大的成就。A. achievement 成就；B.
treatment 对待；C. disappointment 失望；D. agreement 协议。根据上文“He had taught me what 12
meant. I learned it through feeding him and cleaning his bowl.”可知，作者学会什么是责任，这对9岁的
作者来说是一项伟大的成就，故选A。
15. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他教给我的教训将永远铭刻在我的记忆中。A. Otherwise否则；B.
Besides此外；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。上文“Mark was gone.(Mark走了)”和空后“the
lessons he taught me would forever be carved into my memory(他教给我的教训将永远铭刻在我的记忆中)”
是转折关系，故选D。
（2024·江苏扬州·模拟预测）“Found something!” Susan Baur, a swimmer, ducks into the water. She
16 , holding a pair of swimming goggles (护目镜). These are passed to a kayaker (皮划艇桨手), who waves
them 17 , like a prize, before throwing them in a basket. When the team returns to 18 , the women
are smiling and cracking jokes about the 19 and their pull.
Since 2017, Old Ladies Against Underwater Garbage (OLAUG), which accepts 20 older women as
members, has made it its mission to 21 trash from ponds across Cape Cod.
Many outsiders have expressed their 22 to OLAUG for cleaning up the ponds; a number, however,
have 23 why they refer to themselves as “old ladies”. “You should call yourselves the Mermaids (美人
鱼) Against Glitter Litter.” Others have said she should open the group to all 24 , and even to men.
25 they admit that it wasn’t 26 a conscious choice, they now believe that the “old lady”
27 is a crucial part of what the group is about. “Women over 65 tend to feel the restriction of aging,” Baur
says. “Part of the goal of OLAUG is to 28 that older women can do a lot more than people might think.”
Criticism 29 , the most common response is “I want to join you”. And after that first dive, the new
application excitement is 30 with a lot on the waiting list to be one of them.
16. A. surfaces B. surfs C. flows D. bathes
17. A. forward B. back C. overhead D. downward
18. A. border B. home C. pond D. shore
19. A. match B. dive C. voyage D. drag
20. A. precisely B. absolutely C. mainly D. merely
21. A. recover B. reuse C. remove D. release
22. A. gratitude B. concern C. sympathy D. curiosity
23. A. commented B. questioned C. proposed D. suspected
24. A. ages B. ranks C. sections D. genders
25. A. As B. Although C. Since D. Unless
26. A. occasionally B. eventually C. initially D. frequently
27. A. profile B. distinction C. personality D. identity
28. A. demonstrate B. imply C. warn D. declare
29. A. altogether B. beyond C. aside D. besides
30. A. substantial B. infectious C. fierce D. thrilling
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30.
B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一群以老年女性为主的团体“反对水下垃圾的老太太们”（OLAUG）自
2017年起致力于清理科德角的池塘垃圾，她们的行动赢得外界感激，但也遭受关于团体名称的质疑。成
员们认为“老妇人”这一身份象征着对抗年龄限制，展示老年女性的无限可能。面对批评，OLAUG更收
获大量积极反响，申请加入者络绎不绝，热情高涨。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她潜入水中，然后浮出水面，手里拿着一副游泳护目镜。A. surfaces 浮
出水面；B. surfs 冲浪；C. flows 流动；D. bathes 洗澡。根据前文的“Susan Baur, a swimmer, ducks
into the water”和后文“holding a pair of swimming goggles (护目镜)”可知，Susan Baur 是一名游泳者，
之前潜入水中，因此此处应是浮出水面。故选A。
17. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：皮划艇运动员会将这些球传给皮划艇运动员，皮划艇运动员将球像奖品一
样在头顶挥动，然后将球扔进篮子里。A. forward 向前；B. back 回；C. overhead 在头顶上；D.
downward 向下。根据前文的“who waves them”可知，此处描述的是皮划艇桨手接收到护目镜后的动作，
他应该是在头顶挥动展示，即向其他队员或观众展示。故选C。
18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当团队回到岸边时，女士们面带微笑，开着关于潜水和她们收获的玩笑。
A. border 边界；B. home 家；C. pond 池塘；D. shore 岸边。根据前文的“When the team returns to”
可知，团队进行的是水中的清理活动，完成任务后应回到岸边。故选D。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当团队回到岸边时，女士们面带微笑，开着关于潜水和她们收获的玩笑。
A. match 比赛；B. dive 潜水；C. voyage 航行；D. drag 拖拽。根据前文的““Found something!”
Susan Baur, a swimmer, ducks into the water.”可知，她们进行的是水下垃圾清理活动，因此应是潜水。故
选B。
20. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：自2017年以来，只接受老年女性会员的“反对水下垃圾的老妇人”
（OLAUG）就把清除科德角池塘里的垃圾作为自己的使命。A. precisely 精确地；B. absolutely 绝对地；
C. mainly 主要地；D. merely 仅仅。根据后文的“older women as members”和“Others have said she
should open the group to all 9 , and even to men.”可知，有人表示，这个组织应该向所有年龄段的人开放，
甚至包括男性。可推出OLAUG是一个只由老年女性组成的组织。故选D。
21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2017年以来，只接受老年女性会员的“反对水下垃圾的老妇人”
（OLAUG）就把清除科德角池塘里的垃圾作为自己的使命。A. recover 恢复；B. reuse 重新使用；C.
remove 移除；D. release 释放。根据后文的“trash from ponds across Cape Cod”可知，OLAUG的使命
是清理水下垃圾，因此是“移除”池塘中的垃圾。故选C。
22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多外界人士对OLAUG表示感谢，感谢他们清理了池塘；然而，也有人
质疑他们为什么称自己为“老妇人”。A. gratitude 感激；B. concern 关心；C. sympathy 同情；D.
curiosity 好奇。根据后文的“to OLAUG for cleaning up the ponds”可知，OLAUG的工作有益于环境，
因此人们对其表示感激。故选A。
23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多外界人士对OLAUG表示感谢，感谢他们清理了池塘；然而，也有人
质疑他们为什么称自己为“老妇人”。A. commented 评论；B. questioned 质疑；C. proposed 提议；D.
suspected 怀疑。根据后文的“why they refer to themselves as “old ladies””可知，根据下文的疑问内容，
这里是指外界对她们自称“老妇人”提出疑问。故选B。
24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他人则表示，她应该向所有年龄段的人开放这个团体，甚至包括男性。
A. ages 年龄；B. ranks 等级；C. sections 部分；D. genders 性别。根据前文的“Others have said she
should open the group to all”和后文“and even to men.”可知，这里讨论的是团体成员的年龄限制问题，
有人表示，这个组织应该向所有年龄段的人开放。故选A。
25. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然她他们承认这最初并不是一个有意识的选择，但她们现在认为，“老
妇人”的身份是该团体核心的一部分。A. As 随着；B. Although 尽管；C. Since 自从；D. Unless 除非。
根据后文的“they admit that it wasn’t 11 a conscious choice, they now believe that the “old lady” 12 is a
crucial part of what the group is about.”可知，尽管最初不是有意为之，但现在他们认同这一称呼的意义，前后句意存在转折让步关系，应用although“虽然”引导让步状语从句。故选B。
26. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然她他们承认这最初并不是一个有意识的选择，但她们现在认为，“老
妇人”的身份是该团体核心的一部分。A. occasionally 偶尔；B. eventually 最终；C. initially 最初；D.
frequently 频繁地。根据前后文的“a conscious choice, they now believe that the “old lady” 12 is a crucial
part of what the group is about.”可知，她们现在认为，“老妇人”的身份是该团体核心的一部分，这里
强调的是开始时的情况，最初并不是一个有意识的选择。故选C。
27. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她他们承认这最初并不是一个有意识的选择，但她们现在认为，“老
妇人”的身份是该团体核心的一部分。A. profile 侧面；轮廓；B. distinction 差异；C. personality 个性；
D. identity 身份。根据后文的“is a crucial part of what the group is about.”可知，这里指的是将“老妇
人”作为团体成员的一种身份认同，“老妇人”的身份是该团体核心的一部分。故选D。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：OLAUG目标的一部分是展示老年女性可以做的事情远比人们想象的要多。
A. demonstrate 展示；B. imply 暗示；C. warn 警告；D. declare宣布。根据后文的“that older women
can do a lot more than people might think.”可知，该组织目标的一部分是通过行动展示老年女性的能力。
故选A。
29. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：批评放在一边，最常见的回应是“我想加入你们”。A. altogether 完全地；
B. beyond 超过；C. aside 在旁边；D. besides 除了。根据前文的“Criticism”和后文“the most common
response is “I want to join you””可知，这里是指把批评意见放到一边，强调的是积极的反应。故选C。
30. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在第一次潜水之后，新申请者的兴奋之情很有感染力，很多人都在等待
名单上，希望能成为其中一员。A. substantial 实质性的；B. infectious 有感染力的；C. fierce 凶猛的；
D. thrilling 刺激的。根据前文的“the new application excitement is”和后文“with a lot on the waiting list
to be one of them”可知，此处形容新成员的兴奋情绪具有感染性，吸引更多人想加入。故选B。
（2024·河北沧州·三模）It was late November. Most of the leaves had fallen off the trees, leaving only
31 branches waving in the surrounding mountains. The sky was gray with clouds 32 down a cold,
bone-chilling rain. My mood 33 the day.
The older I got, the less it seemed I liked the winter months. When I was a boy, they meant playing in the
snow, making snowmen, having snowball fights, and then curling up with my dog by the 34 and
reading my favorite books. But now they just meant watching the days get 35 driving on dark roads,
and feeling the cold wind 36 my face like a slap.
I sighed and lay down on my bed. A feeling of 37 settled over my spirit and I wished I could get
under the covers and sleep until spring. Just then my little dog 38 onto my bed and looked at me with
her big, wet eyes. She looked so sad and 39 that I laughed and petted her. I 40 she often
mirrored my moods. I smiled and continued to pet her head 41 she too broke into a happy smile. I
snuggled up (依偎) with her, looking up to the gray sky.
The little dog 42 me that in life the whole world around us is our mirror. We can either be a
43 of light or a shadow of darkness. We can either give the world our kindness or our 44 . My
little pup showed me once again that life is 45 what we make it and that we can reflect our warmth,
love, and light even in winter’ s darkest days.
31. A. rough B. bare C. dead D. thick
32. A. throwing B. going C. falling D. breaking
33. A. influenced B. attacked C. matched D. lifted
34. A. wall B. river C. snow D. stove
35. A. darker B. longer C. shorter D. colder
36. A. over B. against C. beneath D. towards
37. A. happiness B. panic C. curiosity D. depression
38. A. jumped up B. held up C. took up D. lifted up
39. A. exhausted B. doubtful C. disappointed D. miserable40. A. disapproved B. challenged C. complained D. acknowledged
41. A. while B. unless C. until D. after
42. A. reminded B. persuaded C. warned D. stimulated
43. A. temperature B. reflection C. recovery D. shape
44. A. hope B. mood C. anger D. joy
45. A. rarely B. possibly C. partially D. truly
【答案】
31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. D 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. C 45.
D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过自己和狗狗的在一个冬天的经历，体会到生活真的是我们
自己创造的，即使在冬天最黑暗的日子里，我们也能反映出我们的快乐、爱和光明。
31. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：树上的叶子大多落了，只剩下光秃秃的树枝在周围的群山中摇曳。A.
rough粗糙的；B. bare光秃秃的；C. dead死的；D. thick厚的，粗的。根据上文“Most of the leaves had
fallen off the trees”可知，叶子都掉落了，所以是光秃秃的。故选B项。
32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：天空灰蒙蒙的，乌云密布，下着刺骨的冷雨。A. throwing投；B. going去；
C. falling降落；D. breaking打破，折断。根据下文“The sky was gray with clouds”可知，下着刺骨的冷
雨。固定搭配throw down rain“下雨”。故选A项。
33. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心情和白天一样。A. influenced影响；B. attacked袭击；C. matched
比得上，敌得过；D. lifted 提起，举起。根据上下文可知，作者整天的心情都是阴霾的，所以晚上的心
情和白天的一样不好。故选C项。
34. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，它们意味着在雪地里玩耍，堆雪人，打雪仗，
然后和我的狗蜷缩在火炉旁，读我最喜欢的书。A. wall墙；B. river河流；C. snow雪；D. stove炉子。根
据下文“reading my favorite books.”可知，是在温暖的炉火旁，享受着读书的快乐。故选D项。
35. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但现在，它们只意味着看着白天越来越短，在黑暗的道路上开车，感觉
冷风打在我的脸上，就像打了我一巴掌。A. darker较暗的；B. longer较长的；C. shorter较短的；D.
colder较冷的。根据下文“on dark roads”可知，白天越来越短。故选C项。
36. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：但现在，它们只意味着看着白天越来越短，在黑暗的道路上开车，感觉冷
风打在我的脸上，就像打了我一巴掌。A. over悬在……上面；B. against反对，迎着；C. beneath在……
下方；D. towards朝向。根据下文“like a slap.”可知，冷风打在作者的脸上。故选B项。
37. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一种沮丧的感觉笼罩着我的精神，我希望我能钻进被窝，睡到春天。A.
happiness快乐；B. panic恐慌；C. curiosity好奇；D. depression抑郁，沮丧。根据上文“I sighed and
lay down on my bed”可知，作者是沮丧的。故选D项。
38. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的小狗跳上我的床，用她湿漉漉的大眼睛看着我。A. jumped up跳起来；
B. held up支撑，支持，举起；C. took up从事；D. lifted up提升。根据下文“onto my bed and looked at
me with her big, wet eyes”可知，小狗跳上床。故选A项。
39. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她看起来那么悲伤和痛苦，我笑着抚摸着她。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；
B. doubtful怀疑的；C. disappointed失望的；D. miserable痛苦的。根据上文“so sad”可知，看起来那么
悲伤和痛苦。故选D项。
40. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我承认她经常反映我的心情。A. disapproved不同意；B. challenged挑战；
C. complained抱怨；D. acknowledged承认。根据下文“she often mirrored my moods.”可知，这是作者
承认的内容。故选D项。
41. 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我笑了笑，继续抚摸着她的头，直到她也露出幸福的笑容。A. while然
而；B. unless除非；C. until直到；D. after之后。根据句意可知，本句为until引导的时间状语从句。故
选C项。
42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小狗提醒我，在生活中，我们周围的整个世界都是我们的镜子。A.
reminded提醒；B. persuaded说明；C. warned警告；D. stimulated刺激，促进。根据上文“she oftenmirrored my moods.”可知，小狗在提醒作者，周围的整个世界都是我们的镜子。故选A项。
43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以是光明（快乐）的反射，也可以是黑暗的影子。A. temperature
温度；B. reflection反射；C. recovery恢复；D. shape形状。根据常识可知，光具有反射性，这里指我们
可以是光明（快乐）的反射。故选B项。
44. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以给世界善意，也可以给世界愤怒。A. hope希望；B. mood心情；
C. anger愤怒；D. joy快乐。根据上文“kindness”可知，与善意相对的是愤怒。故选C项。
45. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的小狗再一次告诉我，生活真的是我们自己创造的，即使在冬天最黑暗
的日子里，我们也能反映出我们的温暖、爱和光明。A. rarely稀少地；B. possibly可能地；C. partially
不完全地；D. truly真正地。根据上文“My little pup showed me once again”可知，生活真的是我们自己
创造的。故选D项。
（2024·黑龙江·三模）I was always interested in biology. However, it wasn’t until I saw a 46
about cave diving in senior high school, in which I watched divers pass by urchins (海胆), that I realized I wanted
to 47 cave animals. The video didn’t mention the 48 in those underwater houses, but I 49
they must be there. More than just naming them, I wanted to learn about their 50 , which meant I needed
to study them in their 51 habitat.
Cave diving requires special 52 . In this photo taken during a sampling trip in March in Belize,
you can see that I was carrying lights and navigation tools, and bringing extra air tanks. I was using a net and test
tubes to collect tiny and nearly 53 animals floating in the water. Since then, I’ve come to 54
that caves are full of life: shrimps, sea stars and urchins, all 55 the low-light environments.
Although underwater caves might seem far removed from surface environments, research has shown that
these worlds are 56 in many ways. If pollutants get underground, they can 57 affect
many ecosystems.
The cave ecosystem is suffering from climate change. If we didn’t take action to 58 these
amazing caves, they could be gone before we have the 59 to fully understand them. And everything
that makes them unique would 60 , too.
46. A. film B. story C. paper D. book
47. A. adopt B. feed C. rescue D. study
48. A. caves B. creatures C. views D. divers
49. A. believed B. dreamed C. doubted D. disagreed
50. A. photos B. ecology C. names D. news
51. A. artificial B. shallow C. modern D. natural
52. A. time B. equipment C. information D. space
53. A. starving B. valuable C. invisible D. dying
54. A. deny B. promise C. learn D. imagine
55. A. adapting to B. appealing to C. breaking up D. clearing up
56. A. created B. mirrored C. linked D. interpreted
57. A. suddenly B. barely C. originally D. negatively
58. A. conserve B. explore C. decorate D. construct
59. A. permission B. desire C. decision D. chance
60. A. happen B. return C. disappear D. begin
【答案】
46. A 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. B 53. C 54. C 55. A 56. C 57. D 58. A 59. D 60.
C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在中学时看过一部关于洞穴潜水的电影，从而开始对洞穴生
物感兴趣，后来自己也去洞穴潜水，了解水下洞穴的生物及其生存环境。
46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我在高中看到一部关于洞穴潜水的电影，在电影中我看到潜水员经过海胆，我才意识到我想研究洞穴动物。A. film电影；B. story故事；C. paper纸；D. book书。根
据下文“The video didn’t mention…”提到视频，由此可知，此处应表示作者看了一部关于洞穴潜水的电
影。故选A项。
47. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我在高中看到一部关于洞穴潜水的电影，在电影中我看到潜水
员经过海胆，我才意识到我想研究洞穴动物。A. adopt采纳；B. feed喂养；C. rescue救援；D. study研究。
根据下文“which meant I needed to study them in their ____6____habitat.”提到研究，由此可知，此处应
表示作者意识到想研究洞穴动物。故选D项。
48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：视频没有提到那些水下房屋里的生物，但我相信它们一定在那里。A.
caves洞穴；B. creatures生物；C. views景点；D. divers潜水员。根据上文“cave animals”由此可知，此
处应表示视频没有提到那些水下房屋里的生物（即洞穴动物）。故选B项。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：视频没有提到那些水下房屋里的生物，但我相信它们一定在那里。A.
believed相信；B. dreamed梦想；C. doubted怀疑；D. disagreed不同意。根据上文“The video didn’t
mention the creatures in those underwater houses”提到视频没有提到那些水下房屋里的生物和转折词
but，由此可知，此处应表示作者相信它们一定在那里。故选A项。
50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了给它们命名，我还想了解它们的生态，这意味着我需要在它们的自然
栖息地研究它们。A. photos 照片；B. ecology 生态；C. names 名字；D. news 新闻。根据下文“If
pollutants get underground, they can ____12____affect many ecosystems.”提到影响许多生态系统，由此可
知，此处应表示作者想了解它们的生态。故选B项。
51. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了给它们命名，我还想了解它们的生态，这意味着我需要在它们的自
然栖息地研究它们。A. artificial人工的；B. shallow 浅的；C. modern当代的；D. natural自然的。根据
上文提到的作者想了解它们的生态，以及下文“habitat”可知，此处应表示作者需要在它们的自然栖息地
研究它们。故选D项。
52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：洞穴潜水需要特殊的设备。A. time 时间；B. equipment 设备；C.
information信息；D. space空间。根据下文“you can see that I was carrying lights and navigation tools,
and bringing extra air tanks.”提到作者带着的工具，由此可知，此处应表示洞穴潜水需要特殊的设备。故
选B项。
53. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我用网和试管收集漂浮在水中几乎看不见的小动物。A. starving饥饿的；
B. valuable有价值的；C. invisible看不见的；D. dying垂死的。根据语境以及上文“tiny”可知，此处应
表示作者用网和试管收集漂浮在水中几乎看不见的小动物。故选C项。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我开始了解到洞穴里充满了生命：虾、海星和海胆，它们都在
适应弱光环境。A. deny否定；B. promise承诺；C. learn了解；D. imagine想象。根据下文“that caves
are full of life: shrimps, sea stars and urchins, all 10 the low-light environments.”由此可知，此处
应表示作者开始了解到洞穴里充满了生命：虾、海星和海胆。故选C项。
55. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那时起，我开始了解到洞穴里充满了生命：虾、海星和海胆，它们都在
适应弱光环境。A. adapting to适应；B. appealing to吸引；C. breaking up分解；D. clearing up清理。根
据语境以及下文“the low-light environments.”由此可知，此处应表示住在洞穴的虾、海星和海胆这些生
物都在适应弱光环境。故选A项。
56. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管水下洞穴似乎与地表环境相去甚远，但研究表明，这些生物圈在许多
方面都是联系在一起的。A. created创造；B. mirrored反射；C. linked联系；D. interpreted解释。根据
上文“Although underwater caves might seem far removed from surface environments”提到尽管水下洞穴
似乎与地表环境相去甚远，由此可知，下文与上文存在语义上的转折，此处应表示这些生物圈在许多方
面都是联系在一起的。故选C项。
57. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果污染物进入地下，它们会对许多生态系统产生负面影响。A. suddenly
突然；B. barely 几乎不；C. originally 起初；D. negatively 负面地。根据上文“If pollutants get
underground”提到污染物进入地下，由此可知，此处应表示它们会对许多生态系统产生负面影响。故选
D项。58. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不采取行动保护这些神奇的洞穴，它们可能在我们有机会完全了
解它们之前就消失了。A. conserve保护；B. explore探索；C. decorate装饰；D. construct建设。根据下
文“they could be gone”由此可知，此处应表示这些神奇的洞穴可能会消失，所以需要我们去保护它们。
故选A项。
59. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不采取行动保护这些神奇的洞穴，它们可能在我们有机会完全了
解它们之前就消失了。A. permission准许；B. desire渴望；C. decision决定；D. chance机会。根据上文
“they could be gone before we…”以及下文“to fully understand them”由此可知，此处应表示它们可能在
我们有机会完全了解它们之前就消失了。故选D项。
60. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有让它们独一无二的东西也会消失。A. happen发生；B. return返回；
C. disappear消失；D. begin开始。根据上文“they could be gone”以及下文“too”由此可知，此处应表示
所有让它们独一无二的东西也会消失。故选C项。
（2024·湖南怀化·三模）Frank Herbert’s 1965 novel Dune is widely considered one of the best sci-fi
books ever written. It is also one of the first to take environmental concerns 61 .
“It’s really calling attention to the 62 to think ecologically,” says Gerry Canavan, co-editor of the
history of science fiction. “Prior to that moment, people just weren’t thinking in that way.”
Herbert 63 to find a publisher for Dune, facing 23 rejections before it was finally 64
by Chilton Book Company. As the book gained 65 -winning two most prestigious(有声望的)prizes in
science fiction and eventually selling around 20 million copies 66 -it began to affect pop culture.
Dune 67 the environmental movement, which Herbert largely embraced. “I’m 68 to
be put in the position of telling my grandchildren ‘Sorry, no more world for you. We have 69 all the
resources,’” Herbert said at the first Earth Day in 1970.
Herbert was one of the earliest to 70 renewable energy ,installing(安装) his own solar collector
and windmill. He believed that understanding the 71 of human actions could reduce environmental
damage.
The 72 for Dune came from Herbert’s visit to Oregon’s sand dunes in 1957, where he 73
efforts to stabilize the landscape from local people. His novel serves as a cautionary tale about humanity’s
relationship with the environment and the disastrous effects of 74 resource exploitation(开发).Dune
challenges readers to consider the impact of their actions on the planet and serves as a 75 of the
importance of sustainable living.
61. A. personally B. literally C. seriously D. equally
62. A. necessity B. attempt C. agreement D. freedom
63. A. happened B. struggled C. chosen D. hesitated
64. A. dismissed B. accepted C. recommended D. purchased
65. A. permission B. control C. trust D. popularity
66. A. in time B. in turn C. in advance D. in total
67. A. challenged B. pushed C. skipped D. simplified
68. A. unwilling B. unfortunate C. unsuitable D. unlikely
69. A. picked up B. given up C. used up D. piled up
70. A. advocate B. assign C. investigate D. deliver
71. A. similarity B. consequences C. flexibility D. strengths
72. A. support B. proposal C. inspiration D. desire
73. A. witnessed B. spared C. confirmed D. graded
74. A. limited B. balanced C. unchecked D. unchanged
75. A. review B. symbol C. victim D. reminder
【答案】
61. C 62. A 63. B 64. B 65. D 66. D 67. B 68. A 69. C 70. A 71. B 72. C 73. A 74. C 75.D
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了Frank Herbert发表小说《沙丘》的经历及这部小说对于生态保护
的意义。
61. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：它也是首批认真对待环境问题的小说之一。A. personally就个人而言；B.
literally按字面意思地；C. seriously严肃地；D. equally平等地。根据下文“It’s really calling attention to
the____2____ to think ecologically”可知，Frank Herbert在他的小说《沙丘》中提到了认真严肃对待环境
的问题。故选C项。
62. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这确实唤起了人们对生态化思考必要性的注意，”科幻史的联合主编格
里·卡纳万(Gerry Canavan)说。A. necessity必要性；B. attempt尝试；C. agreement同意；D. freedom自
由。根据下文“Prior to that moment, people just weren’t thinking in that way.”可知，之前，人们并没有
生态保护意识，所以，Frank Herbert想要在小说中唤起人们对于生态化思考必要性的注意。故选A项。
63. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：赫伯特努力为《沙丘》寻找出版商，在最终被奇尔顿图书公司接受之前，
他面临了23次拒绝。A. happened发生；B. struggled奋斗，努力；C. chosen选择；D. hesitated犹豫。
根据“facing 23 rejections before it was finally”可知，Frank Herbert努力为《沙丘》寻找出版商。故选B
项。
64. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. dismissed不予考虑；B. accepted接受；C. recommended推荐；D.
purchased购买。根据“facing 23 rejections before it was finally ____4____ by Chilton Book Company.”可
知，在最终被Chilton图书公司接受之前，他的小说被拒绝了很多次。故选B项。
65. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着这本书的流行，它开始影响流行文化，它赢得了两项最负盛名的科幻
奖，并最终售出了大约2000万册。A. permission允许；B. control控制；C. trust信任；D. popularity流
行，普及。根据“winning two most prestigious(有声望的)prizes in science fiction and eventually selling
around 20 million copies”可知，小说之后开始流行。故选D项。
66. 考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A. in time及时；B. in turn依次；C. in advance提前；D. in total总
共。根据“selling around 20 million copies”可知，此处表示售卖总计2000万册。故选D项。
67. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：《沙丘》推动了环境运动，赫伯特也大力接受了这一运动。A. challenged
挑战；B. pushed推动；C. skipped跳过；D. simplified使简化。根据第一段“Frank Herbert’s 1965 novel
Dune is widely considered one of the best sci-fi books ever written. It is also one of the first to take
environmental concerns____1____.”可知，这是一本关于环境生态保护的科幻小说，所以，它推动了环境
运动。故选B项。
68. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我不愿意告诉我的孙辈 ‘对不起，没有你的世界了。我们已经用尽
了所有的资源，’”赫伯特在1970年第一个地球日时说。A. unwilling不情愿的；B. unfortunate不幸运
的；C. unsuitable 不合适的；D. unlikely 不可能的。根据“to be put in the position of telling my
grandchildren ‘Sorry, no more world for you. We have ____9____ all the resources,’”可知，告诉孙辈生态
资源的枯竭这件事是不情愿的。故选A项。
69. 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. picked up捡起；B. given up放弃；C. used up用完；D. piled up
堆积。根据“Sorry, no more world for you.”可知，对后代说没有他们生存的世界了，因为已经用完了所
有的资源。故选C项。
70. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：赫伯特是最早倡导可再生能源的人之一，他安装了自己的太阳能收集器和
风车。A. advocate提倡；B. assign布置；C. investigate调查；D. deliver传递。根据“installing(安装) his
own solar collector and windmill”可知，Frank Herbert提倡可再生资源。故选A项。
71. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为，了解人类行为的后果可以减少对环境的破坏。A. similarity相似
性；B. consequences后果；C. flexibility灵活性；D. strengths长处。根据“understanding the____11____
of human actions could reduce environmental damage”可知，了解人们行为的后果可以减少对于环境的破
坏，因为环境的破坏大多是人类行为导致的。故选B项。
72. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：《沙丘》的灵感来自于赫伯特 1957年访问俄勒冈州的沙丘，他在那里目
睹了当地人为稳定地貌所做的努力。A. support支持；B. proposal提议；C. inspiration灵感；D. desire愿望。根据“came from Herbert’s visit to Oregon’s sand dunes in 1957”可知，此处表示Frank Herbert写
《沙丘》的灵感来源。故选C项。
73. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. witnessed见证，目击；B. spared留出；C. confirmed证实；D.
graded分级。根据“The ____12____ for Dune came from Herbert’s visit to Oregon’s sand dunes in1957,
where he ____13____ efforts to stabilize the landscape from local people.”可知，在俄勒冈州的沙丘，
Frank Herbert目睹了当地人为稳定地貌做出的努力。故选A项。
74. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的小说是一个警示故事，关于人类与环境的关系，以及无限制的资源
开发带来的灾难性后果。A. limited 有限的；B. balanced 平衡的；C. unchecked 不加约束的；D.
unchanged未改变的。根据“the disastrous effects of ____14____ resource exploitation”可知，人类开发是
不加约束的，会带来严重的灾难性后果。故选C项。
75. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：《沙丘》挑战读者考虑他们的行为对地球的影响，并提醒可持续生活的重
要性。A. review评论；B. symbol象征；C. victim受害者；D. reminder提醒物。根据“Dune challenges
readers to consider the impact of their actions on the planet and serves as”可知，这本小说让读者考虑自己
的行为对于地球的影响，并在他们阅读时提醒他们可持续生活的重要性，作为保护环境的提醒物。故选
D项。
