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【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单配套【练案】
专题09 语法填空之虚拟语气100题(练案) 解析版
(思维导图+考点细目表+五年真题分类通关+名校好题通关)
(思维导图+高考真题+模拟试题)
一、虚拟语气考点思维导图
【高考命题细目表】
二、虚拟语气高考真题分类通关
1.(2020江苏卷)If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I ______________(be) where I am.
答案:wouldn’t be
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我没有面对那么多的障碍,我现在就不会在这里。分析句子成分可知,此处
是错综时间虚拟语气,根据空后 where I am可知,此处是与现在事实相反的假设,主句谓语动词应使用
would/could/might/should+do。故填wouldn’t be。
2.(2019江苏卷)What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________________(have) a good time together.
答案:would have had解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:真遗憾!你错过了这次观光,否则,我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根
据上文,可知是对过去事情的虚拟,与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+过去完成时+其
他,主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,故填would have had。
3. (2019天津卷)The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________(accomplish) the task in
half the time.
答案:would have accomplished
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:工人们没有被更好的组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句
the workers were not better organized可知,这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为:
从句:If+主语+过去完成时+其他,主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,故填would
have accomplished。
4.(2018江苏卷)It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.
答案:should
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:真奇怪,他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型” It is
important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中,其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词
原形”这样的虚拟语气,其中的should可以省略。故填should。
5.(2018江苏卷)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______(have) a second chance to become
more involved.
答案:had
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:在这个村里有很好的社交生活,并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与。本题考查
wish引导的宾语从句,表示与现在事实相反的愿望,所以从句用一般过去时。故填had。
6.(2018天津卷)I can't find my purse. I could ___________(leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
答案:have left
解析:考查情态动词表推测和虚拟语气。句意:我不能找到我的钱包了,昨天我有可能把它落到超市了,但我
不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知,是对过去事情的推测,故用情态动词+ have done,再根据后句
but I’m not sure.可知,此推测为不能肯定的推测,故用情态动词could,表示“可能”。故填have left。
7.(2018北京卷)They might have found a better hotel if they _________(drive) a few more kilometers.
答案:had driven
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他们多开几公里的话,他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might
have found a better hotel”可知,该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if ____ a few more kilometers是条件句部分,表示
对过去的虚拟,条件句部分要用过去完成时态,故填had driven。
8.(2018天津卷)If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach
答案:had caught
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话,现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状
语yesterday可知,从句表示与过去事实相反,故用had + v-ed。故填had caught。
9.(2017北京卷)If the new safety system _______(put) to use, the accident would never have happened.
答案:had been put
解析:句意:如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话,这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况
的虚拟,所以从句谓语用had done形式,此外根据句意可知是被动,用被动语态,故填had been put。
10.(2017江苏卷)_______it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
答案:Were
解析:考查虚拟语气的省略。虚拟语气中,be动词统一用were;虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略,同时
把were/should/had提前,即Were /Should/ Had I...,故选B。
11.(2017天津卷)—Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I ______(be) able to reach her yesterday.
答案:wouldn’t have been
解析:句意:——你有贝蒂的电话号码吗?——有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。此处otherwise(否则)相当于
一个if引导的条件状语从句,由yesterday可知本句对过去进行虚拟,由此可以判断出主句用 wouldn’t have
done,故填wouldn’t have been。
试卷第2页,共14页12.(2016北京卷)Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________(tell) me, I could have
helped.
答案:had told
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到的麻烦?如果你告诉我的话,我就可以帮你了。
根据第一句可知,这里是对过去发生的事情进行虚拟,if条件句的时态应该用过去完成时,故填had told。
13.(2016天津卷) I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I would _________(injure).
答案:have been injured
解析:句意:我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带,我就会受伤了。使用虚拟语气,根据 if条件句用的
had done,可知,主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟,而且I和injure是被动关系。故选填have
been injured。
14.(2016浙江卷)Had the governments and scientists not worked together , AIDS-related deaths would not
_______(fall) since their highest in 2005.
答案:have fallen
解析:句意:如果政府和科学家不共同努力,与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从2005年的最高点下降。使用
虚拟语气,if条件句用的had done,而且省略if,将had提前,主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚
拟。故填have fallen。
15.(2015重庆卷)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway wouldn’t __________(write) his famous novel A
Farewell to Arms.
答案: have written
解析:句意:没有他战时的经验,海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。根据 without his wartime
experience 没有战时的经历,可知表示对于过去的否定猜测,故主句用 would have done,因此填 have
written。
16.(2015天津卷)I needn’t ___________(worry) before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very
friendly to me.
答案:have worried
解析:句意:我来新学校之前本没有必要担心,因为在这里我的同学对我非常友好。needn’t have done本没有
必要做某事,表示实际上已经做了某事。根据句意可填have worried。
17.(2015天津卷)I wish I ______(be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York
then.
答案:had been
解析:句意:上个周二我本希望参加我姐姐的婚礼,但那时我在纽约出差。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句,
表示与过去事实相反的愿望,从句用had + 过去分词。根据句意可填had been。
18.(2015福建卷)—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it's too bad. You should______(make) e full preparations.
答案:have mad
解析:试题分析:考查情态动词+have done 结构。这里是情态+have done 的结构的虚拟语气,
should+have+done"意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做。该对话意思为: -对不起,妈妈,我面试又失败---噢,
那太糟糕了,你应该做好充分准备的。故填have mad。
19.(2014福建卷)________ there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from
around the world.
答案:Were
解析:句意:要是没有现代化的通讯,我们将不得不等待若干个星期才能获得来自世界各地的消息。“要是没
有现代化的通讯”是对现在情况的一种假设,故从句中使用一般过去时态,省略 if后把were提到从句主语之
前。故填Were。
20.(2013北京卷)If we ______(book) a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.
答案:had booked
解析:本题考查虚拟语气。本句是一个包含了一个条件状语从句的复合句,从主句的谓语动词would be
standing 可以推出,用的是虚拟语气,这样,if就是一个虚拟条件句,“订餐”是发生在过去,故是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,句中谓语动词应该用had done的形式,因此锁定答案。
三、虚拟语气名校模拟试题通关练
21.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)We would rather our daughter _________ (stay) at home with us, but it is her
choice.
【答案】stayed
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我们宁愿女儿留在家里和我们在一起,但这是她的选择。would rather后的宾
语从句要用虚拟语气,用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实。故填stayed。
22.(23-24高三上•全国•课后作业)It is essential that he _________ (get) some reliable information before making
inferences.
【答案】get/should get
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他在作出推论之前获得一些可靠的信息是很重要的。It be
important/necessary/essential…that+(should) do,该句型中,that引导的主语从句常用should do形式,should
可以省略。故填(should) get。
23.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)Time was limited. The boss commanded that we _________ (finish) the work
as scheduled.
【答案】(should) finish
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:时间有限。老板命令我们要按计划完成工作。此处command表示命令,所接
的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为: should +原形动词,should 可省略。故填(should)
finish。
24.(23-24 高三下•全国•课后作业)He can speak English very fluently as if he _________ (be) a native
Englishman, so you can talk to him freely.
【答案】were
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他的英语说得很流利,就好像他是土生土长的英国人一样,所以你可以自由地
和他交谈。as if 后引导的方式状语从句要使用虚拟语气,表示和现在情况相反,时态用一般过去时,be动词
用were,故填were。
25.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)The expert requests teenagers _________ (focus) on what they are doing and be
responsible for their behaviour.
【答案】to focus/focus
【详解】考查动词不定式和虚拟语气用法。句意:专家要求青少年专注于他们正在做的事情,并对自己的行为
负责。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语request sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”,所以此处为动词不定式作宾语
补足语;此处也可为虚拟语气用法,request后接宾语从句(此处省略了引导词 that)要用虚拟语气,从句谓
语动词用(should) do,should可以省略。故填to focus/ focus。
26.(23-24 高三下•全国•课后作业)Our teacher requested that we _________ (make) full preparations for the
coming final examination.
【答案】(should) make
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:老师要求我们为即将到来的期末考试做好充分的准备。request后接宾语从句,
从句用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形。故填(should) make。
27.(2024高三下•全国•专题练习)My husband is always talking about the economy, but I’d rather he _________
(focus) more on our children’s education.
【答案】focused
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我丈夫总是谈论经济,但我宁愿他多关注一下我们孩子的教育。分析句子结构
可知,此处应为“would rather+从句”结构,从句中的谓语动词通常使用虚拟语气,根据并列句的谓语动词is
always talking可知,此处表示的是现在的情况,所以谓语动词应使用一般过去时,focus与句子主语he之间
为主动关系。故填focused。
28.(2024高三下•全国•专题练习)It is essential that these application forms _________ (send) back as early as
possible.
【答案】(should) be sent
试卷第4页,共14页【详解】考查虚拟语气与被动语态。句意:这些申请表必须尽早寄回。It is essential that...“……是至关重要
的”,that从句中要用虚拟语气,谓语用should+动词原形,should可省略,从句中动词send与主语these
application forms为动宾关系,故应用被动语态should be sent,should可省略。故填(should) be sent。
29.(2024 高三下•全国•专题练习)The Antarctica is so mysteriously described by some people. If only I
_________ (be) there before!
【答案】had been
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:有些人对南极洲的描述如此神秘。要是我以前去过那里就好了!If only引导的
条件状语从句,对过去事情的虚拟,故谓语用过去完成时。故填had been。
30.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)If it _________ (rain) tomorrow, I wouldn’t go to the grocery store.
【答案】were to rain/should rain/rained
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果明天下雨,我就不会去杂货店了。rain“下雨”,动词。根据主句谓语动
词“wouldn’t go”可以判断if引导的条件状语从句应该用虚拟语气,根据tomorrow可知,从句对将来虚拟,
时态应该用动词的一般过去时态或“should+动词原形”或者“were +to do”。故填rained/were to rain/should
rain。
31.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)We desire that immediate help _________ (give) to the local villagers who have
been trapped by the flood. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】should be given/be given
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我们希望立即向被洪水围困的当地村民提供帮助。desire that后面的从句谓语
用should+动词原形,should可以省略,help和give为被动关系,故填should be given或be given。
32.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)Jane would rather his brother_________ (visit) her last weekend, but he was too
busy then.
【答案】had visited
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:简宁愿他哥哥上周末来看她,但那时他太忙了。would rather后的宾语从句要
用虚拟语气,根据时间状语last weekend可知,与过去事实相反,应用过去完成时。故填had visited。
33.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)I would rather you_________ (bring) an appropriate gift when visiting your
Chinese friend.
【答案】brought
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我宁愿你去拜访你的中国朋友时带一份合适的礼物。此处表示“将来的愿望”,
应用虚拟语气,would rather后面的宾语从句使用一般过去时。故填brought。
34.(23-24高三上•全国•课后作业)It is requested that all the passengers’ luggage _________ (check) before it is
carried into planes.
【答案】should be checked/be checked
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:要求所有旅客的行李在带入飞机之前都要检查。requested表示“要求”,从
句使用虚拟语气,谓语部分用“(should)+动词原形”,“检查”使用动词check,和主语luggage之间是被动
语态,故填(should) be checked。
35.(23-24高三上•全国•课后作业)Our teacher made a request that we _________ (make) good preparations for
the coming exam.
【答案】(should) make
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:老师要求我们对即将来临的考试做充分的准备。分析可知,that引导同位语从
句对名词request“要求”进行解释说明,此时该同位语从句应用虚拟语气,谓语部份为(should) do。故填
(should) make。
36.(23-24高三上•全国•课后作业)I am sorry I am very busy now. If I _________ (have)time,I would certainly
go to the movies with you.
【答案】had
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:对不起,我现在太忙了。如果我有时间,我一定会和你一起去看电影。根据语
境和句子结构分析,此句为虚拟语气句子,根据I am too busy now,可知此句是对现在的虚拟,句子从句用一
般过去时,主句用would/could/should/might+do。故填had。
37.(2024高三下•全国•专题练习)It's time you _________ (settle) your differences with your father.【答案】settled/should settle
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:现在是你和你父亲解决分歧的时候了。It's time后的从句使用虚拟语气,用
should+动词原形或者过去时,故填settled/should settle。
38.(24-25高三上•全国•单元测试)He insisted I _________ (take) a taxi and offered to pay for it.
【答案】should take/take
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他坚持要我坐出租车,并提出要我付钱。这里的insisted表示“坚决要求”,
其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语用“(should) do”的形式。故填(should) take。
39.(2024高三•全国•专题练习)I am sure I would have lost him if I _________ (continue) dancing.(所给词的适
当形式填空)
【答案】had continued
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我相信如果我继续跳舞的话,我会失去他的。根据主句 would have lost him可
知是虚拟语气,且表示对过去事情的相反,故从句谓语用had +过去分词。故填had continued。
40.(23-24高三下•全国•随堂练习)We went by sea, but I’d rather we _________ (go) by air.
【答案】had gone
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我们坐船去的,但我宁愿是坐飞机去的。would rather后的宾语从句应用虚拟
语气,根据“We went by sea”可知,此处是与过去事实相反,应用过去完成时。故填had gone。
41.(23-24 高三下•广东东莞•阶段练习)The committee recommends that the application for membership
_________ (deny) based on the applicant's lack of qualifications.
【答案】should be denied/ be denied
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:委员会建议以申请人缺乏资格为由拒绝其入会申请。空处为宾语从
句的谓语动词;recommend“建议”后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,谓语部分为“(should) do”;从句主语
application和deny之间为被动关系,故应用(should) be denied。故填(should) be denied。
42.(23-24高三上•广东东莞•期中)Our head teacher recommends that we _________ (attend) the lecture to be
given this weekend.
【答案】attend/should attend
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我们的班主任建议我们参加这个周末的讲座。动词 recommend“建议”后的宾
语从句应用虚拟语气,谓语部分用should +动词原形,should可以省略。故填attend/should attend。
43.(23-24高三上•江苏•阶段练习)We are all for your proposal that the discussion _________ (put) off.
【答案】be put/should be put
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我们都赞成你关于推迟讨论的建议。分析句子可知,that引导同位语从句,根
据proposal可知,从句用should do结构的虚拟语气,should可以省略,discussion与put off为被动关系,用
(should) be put。故填(should) be put。
44.(23-24高三•全国•课后作业)_________ (be) I you, I would accept the job offer of that company.
【答案】Were
【详解】考查虚拟语气和倒装句。句意:如果我是你,我会接受那家公司提供的工作机会。分析句子结构可知,
此处表示对现在情况的假设。在If引导的虚拟条件句中,如果省略If,从句要用部分倒装。本题中的Were I
you是If I were you的倒装结构。故答案为Were。
45.(23-24高三上•江苏•期末)Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam_________ (carry) out at the age
of six months old.
【答案】be carried
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:眼科医生建议孩子应在六个月大时进行第一次眼睛检查。分析句子可知,谓语
动词recommend,意为“建议”,后面跟的that引导的宾语从句,从句应用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词的结构
为“ (should)+动词原形”,should可以省略。故填be carried。
46.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)The ship would _________ (sink) with all on board but for the captain.
【答案】have sunk
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果不是船长,那艘船连同船上所有的人都沉没了。but for:要不是,常用于
虚拟语气,表示“与过去的事实相反”,句中谓语为“would have done”,故填have sunk。
47.(23-24高三下•全国•课堂例题)I made a proposal that he_________ (send) to hospital at once.
试卷第6页,共14页【答案】should be sent/ be sent
【详解】考查语态和虚拟语气。句意:我建议马上送他去医院。分析句子可知,设空处是同位语从句的谓语部
分,动词send和主语he之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态be sent,因为从句前面有名词proposal,同位语从
句应使用虚拟语气,should+动词原形,should可以省略。故填should be sent/be sent。
48.(23-24高三上•江苏南通•阶段练习)If he hadn’t hurt his legs in the last training, he _________ (join) the
coming game.
【答案】would join
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他在上一次训练中没有伤到腿,他就会参加即将到来的比赛。混合虚拟结
构考查,从句为与过去事实相反,从句结构为If+主语+had(not) done…主句为与将来事实相反,主句结构应为
主语+would do…。 故填would join.
49.(23-24高三上•江苏南通•阶段练习)—Your aunt invites you to go to the movies today.
—I would rather she _________ (tell) me tomorrow than today.
【答案】told
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:——你阿姨今天邀请你去看电影。——我宁愿她明天告诉我而不是今天。固定
句式:would rather 主语+谓语动词,表示“宁愿……”,句子用虚拟语气,此处与现在的事实相反,句子用
一般过去时态,故填told。
50.(23-24高三上•河北石家庄•阶段练习)The manager demanded that his lawyer _________ (call) or he wouldn’t
say a single word.
【答案】be called
【详解】考查被动语态。句意:经理要求叫他的律师来,否则他一句话也不说。分析句子可知,本句是一个宾
语从句,从句的主语是his lawyer,由于他的律师是被叫来,所以应用被动语态。这是demand的宾语从句,
从句谓语用虚拟语气结构should+动词原形,should可以省略。故填be called。
51.(2024高三下•河南南阳•专题练习)It is required that the students _________ not use mobile phones in their
school, so seldom will you see them using one.
【答案】should
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:学校要求学生不应该在学校里使用手机,所以你很少看到他们使用。在“It is
required that...”句型中,“that”引导的主语从句需用虚拟语气,即:“(should+)动词原形”,故答案是
should。
52.(2024高三下•河南南阳•专题练习)The teacher suggests that we _________ remember English words by
reading them aloud instead of by just seeing and writing them.
【答案】should
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:老师建议我们应该通过大声朗读来记住英语单词,而不是仅仅通过看和写来记
住。在suggest后面的宾语从句中,谓语动词使用“(should)+动词原形”,故填should。
53.(2024高三下•河南南阳•专题练习)The customers insisted that action _________ be taken to ensure the safety
of food.
【答案】should
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:顾客们坚持应该采取行动确保食品的安全。insist“坚持”,当insist表示坚持
要求做某事的时候,后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,即谓语用“should+动词原形”。故填should。
54.(23-24 高三下•全国•课后作业)My advice is that you _________ (practice) Speaking English as often as
possible.
【答案】should practice/practice
【详解】考查表语从句中的虚拟语气。句意:我的建议是你尽可能经常地练习说英语。句子主语 advice表示
“建议”,that引导的表语从句应用虚拟语气,从句谓语应用“should+动词原形”形式,其中should可以省
略。故填(should) practice。
55.(23-24高三下•江苏南京•阶段练习)I_________ (realize) the experience that I was heading for was anything
but boring, had I read the brochure carefully.
【答案】would have realized
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我仔细阅读了宣传册,我就会意识到我即将前往的体验一点也不无聊。由句意及 had I read the brochure carefully为if引导的虚拟语气,与过去事实相反,从句时态为过去完成时,此
时主句应用would+have done的结构。故答案为would have realized。
56.(23-24高三上•重庆永川•期中)The book was so interesting that I strongly recommended that we _________
(share) it with others.
【答案】share/should share
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:这本书非常有趣,我强烈建议我们与其他人分享。recommend意为“建议”,
后接宾语从句时,用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词须用(should)do。故填(should) share。
57.(23-24高三下•江苏•课后作业)How I wish he_________ (live) in China now!
【答案】lived
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我多么希望他现在住在中国啊! 分析可知,“he _________ (live) in China
now”应是动词“wish(希望)”的宾语从句,这里应是使用虚拟语气句式,结合时间状语“now”可知,应是与现
在事实相反的虚拟语气,从句用一般过去时。因此,这里应是用动词过去式。故填lived。
58.(23-24高三下•河南南阳•开学考试)He proposed that a fund _________ (establish) to raise money.
【答案】should be established/be established
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:他提议成立一个基金会来筹集资金。动词 proposed后的宾语从句
应用虚拟语气,谓语动词用should do,should可省略,a fund和establish为被动关系,故应用被动语态。故
填(should) be established。
59.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)He desired all the students _________ (wear) the school uniform to attend the
party.
【答案】should wear/wear
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他期望所有的学生都穿校服去参加晚会。观察句子可知,desired后面为宾语
从句,此处表示期望的内容,不是客观事实,用虚拟语气,宾语从句中的虚拟语气用(should) do结构,should
可以省略。故填(should) wear。
60.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)He is smiling happily as if nothing _________ (happen).
【答案】had happened
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他开心地笑着,好像什么事也没发生过。在 as if 从句中,如果说话人认为句
子所述事情不真实或与实际情况不符,需使用虚拟语气,如果所述情况是与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去完
成时态;happen是as if引导的方式状语从句中谓语动词,根据句意可知,说话人认为他只是假装好像什么事
也没发生过,但过去的真实情况并非如此,与过去事实相反,应使用虚拟语气,谓语动词 happen用过去完成
时态had happened。故填had happened。
61.(23-24 高三下•四川雅安•阶段练习)My boss insisted that all the papers_________ (hand) in on time.
Otherwise, I would be fired.
【答案】should be handed/be handed
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我的老板坚持所有的论文都要按时交上来。否则,我会被解雇的。表示请求、
要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:(should) +原形动词,
should 可省略;句中动词insist意为“坚决认为,坚持说”,其后跟宾语从句,从句需用虚拟语气,且宾语
从句中谓语动词 hand 与主语 all the papers 之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填 should be handed/be
handed。
62.(23-24高三下•四川雅安•阶段练习)Tom was caught copying others’ homework. He wishes that he_________
(not copy) others’ homework.
【答案】had not copied
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:汤姆抄袭别人的作业被抓住了。他真希望自己没有抄别人的作业。wish 后的
宾语从句中常常使用虚拟语气来表达对现在、过去或将来的愿望、假设或想象;表达对过去的愿望或假设时,
谓语动词用过去完成时“had done”,结合提示用过去完成时的否定形式 had not copied。故填 had not
copied。
63.(23-24高三上•山东济宁•期末)I highly recommend that The Old Man and the Sea_________ (read) carefully.
【答案】should be read/be read
【详解】考查宾语从句的虚拟语气。句意:我强烈建议你仔细阅读《老人与海》。空格处在宾语从句中作谓语,
试卷第8页,共14页动词recommend意为“建议”时,其后的宾语从句谓语应用虚拟语气形式:should+动词原形,should可省略,
主语 The Old Man and the Sea 和动词 read 之间为被动关系,应用 should+be+过去分词。故填(should)be
read。
64.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)It is time that we _________ (take) effective measures to stop the situation
from going from bad to worse.
【答案】took/should take
【详解】考查动词短语和虚拟语气用法。句意:该是我们采取有效措施阻止形势进一步恶化的时候了。分析句
子可知,此处为动词短语take measures to do“采取措施做某事”,满足句意要求,结合句子结构可知,该句
为It is time that…的虚拟语气固定句型,所以此处应为虚拟语气用法,即谓语动词用一般过去时或者 should
do形式。故填took/should take。
65.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)It’s very warm today. It seems as if it _________ (be) spring already.
【答案】were
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:今天很暖和。好像已经是春天了。分析句子可知,本句中as if引导的从句要
用虚拟语气,表示与“现在的实际情况”相反,即“现在实际上不是春季”,所以be动词用过去式,虚拟语
气中用were,故填were。
66.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)If I _________ (be) you, I would not do the work in this way.
【答案】were
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:如果我是你,我就不会用这种方式做这项工作。分析句子结构可知,此处应为
谓语动词,结合句意可知,此处为虚拟条件状语从句,表示与现在事实相反的情况,be动词应为were。故填
were。
67.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)If I _________ (be) to see him tomorrow, I would invite him home.
【答案】were
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我明天见到他,我会邀请他回家。这里为if条件句中的虚拟语气,与将来
事实可能相反,从句用过去式/were to do/should+do。故填were。
68.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)If I _________ (have) enough money, I would buy myself a computer first of
all.
【答案】had
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我有足够的钱,我会先给自己买一台电脑。根据句意和后文 would buy可
知,本句为虚拟语气,表示与现在的事实相反,条件句中用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填had。
69.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)They urged that the Science Museum (keep) open during the vacation.
【答案】should be kept/be kept
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他们强烈要求科学博物馆在假期期间保持开放。urge表示“敦促,竭力主
张”,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即从句谓语部分用“(should)+动词原形”,且动词 keep和主语“the
Science Museum”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填(should) be kept。
70.(23-24高三上•全国•单元测试)Even though we met for the first time, he talked as if we _________ (know)
each other before.
【答案】had known
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:虽然我们是第一次见面,但他说话的样子就好像我们以前就认识似的。分析句
子可知,空处作as if“好像,仿佛”引导的方式状语从句的谓语,表示与过去的事实相反的情况,应用过去完
成时。故填had known。
71.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)It is urgent that effective measures _________ (take) to reduce traffic accidents
and make our roads safe.
【答案】should be taken/be taken
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:迫切需要采取有效措施来减少交通事故,使我们的道路安全。分析句子,设空
处使用动词作that引导主语从句的谓语,此处it is urgent that sb (should) do为固定句型,从句需用虚拟语气。
此处measures与take之间是被动关系,故使用情态动词的被动语态结构。其中should可以省略。故填should
be taken或者be taken。
72.(24-25高三上•全国•随堂练习)The judge ordered that smoking_________ (prohibit) in restaurants.【答案】be prohibited
【详解】考查语态和虚拟语气。句意:法官下令禁止在餐馆吸烟。动词order后宾语从句使用虚拟语气,谓语
动词用“(should)+动词原形”;分析句子可知,动词 prohibit 是 order 后宾语从句中谓语动词,与主语
smoking 之间是被动关系,用被动语态和虚拟语气形式(should) be prohibited,should 可省略。故填 be
prohibited。
73.(24-25高三上•全国•随堂练习)If it _________ (repair) earlier, the printing machine would not have broken
down.
【答案】had been repaired
【详解】考查时态和语态:句意:如果早点修理,这台印刷机就不会坏了。谓语动词repair和主语it之间是被
动关系,根据后文would not have broken可知,此处为虚拟语气,虚拟过去,条件句中应用过去完成时的被
动语态。故填had been sent。
74.(23-24高三上•全国•课后作业)The film was boring. If only I _________ (not, see) it last night!
【答案】hadn’t seen
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:这部电影很无聊。要是我昨晚没看到就好了!If only后接虚拟语气,与过去事
实相反,虚拟过去应用过去完成时。故填hadn’t seen。
75.(23-24高三上•广东深圳•期中)If he _________ (take) my advice, he would have passed the driving test.
【答案】had taken
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他听了我的劝告,他就会通过驾驶考试了。分析句子结构可知,本句话使
用了if引导的虚拟条件句,空处为从句的谓语动词。根据主句中的“would have passed”可知,本句话是和过
去事实相反的情况,所以从句中用过去完成时态。故填had taken。
71.(23-24高三上•海南海口•阶段练习)I recommend that we _________ (put) off the meeting because of the bad
weather.
【答案】put/should put
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:由于天气不好,我建议我们推迟会议。空处位于 recommend后that引导的宾
语从句中作从句的谓语动词,recommend“建议”后接的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语动词应该用
“(should) + 动词原形”的形式,其中should可以省略。故填put/should put。
72.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)The government official demanded that he _________ (tell) everything about
the damage the flood had caused.
【答案】(should) be told
【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意:那位政府官员要求把洪水造成的损失的全部情况告诉他。动词
demand(要求)后宾语从句中需要使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用(should) do;从句谓语动词tell(告诉,告知)与其
主语he之间是被动关系,用被动语态。故填(should) be told。
73.(23-24高三下•江苏无锡•期中)It is necessary that every rule we set up _________ (apply) to everyone.
【答案】should apply/apply
【详解】考查主语从句的虚拟语气。句意:我们制定的每一条规则必须适用于每个人。该句为it作形式主语,
that引导的主语从句为真正的主语,we set up是省略了关系代词的定语从句,修饰先行词every rule,在It is
necessary that结构中,主语从句中的谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”,should可以省略,所以此处可以使
用should apply或者apply。故填should apply/apply。
74.(23-24 高三下•江苏无锡•期中)But for the medical team’s efforts, more lives _________ (claim) in this
pandemic.
【答案】would have been claimed
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是医疗队的努力,这场大流行病会夺去更多的生命。这是一个含蓄虚拟语
气,表示与过去事实相反的假设,主句:主语 + should(would, could, might)+have done+其他。claim 意思是
夺去,“生命”和“夺去”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,所以填would have been claimed。
75.(23-24高三下•江苏扬州•阶段练习)The pianist listened to our request that he _________(play)in public
again.
【答案】should play/play
【详解】考查虚拟语气用法。句意:钢琴家听从了我们的要求,再次在公众场合演奏。此处为名词 request
试卷第10页,共14页(表示“请求”)后接that引导的同位语从句,在该从句中,谓语动词需用虚拟语气,即谓语动词应为
(should) +do形式。故填(should) play。
76.(23-24高三下•江苏盐城•阶段练习)It is essential that the diet _________ (vary) and balanced.
【答案】should be varied/be varied
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:饮食多样化和均衡是很重要的。It is essential that...为固定句型,
意为“……是至关重要的”,that引导的主语从句中使用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词使用(should) do;the diet
和vary为被动关系,需用被动语态,位于情态动词后面使用动词原形。故填should be varied/be varied。
77.(23-24高三下•江苏扬州•期中)They requested that the prisoners, who they believed were innocent, _________
(set) free.
【答案】(should) be set
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他们要求释放那些他们认为是无辜的囚犯。此处request表示要求,从句应用
虚拟语气,谓语为should+动词原形,且set与prisoners构成被动关系,故填(should) be set。
78.(23-24高三下•江苏扬州•期中)She might have lost the opportunity if her mother _________ on her going. (not
insist)
【答案】hadn’t insisted
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是她妈妈坚持要她去,她可能就失去了这个机会。根据句意,“if her
mother on her going”是虚拟条件句,表示与过去相反的事实,从句中谓语动词用过去完成时态 had done,结
合提示not insist,用否定式hadn’t insisted。故填hadn’t insisted。
79.(23-24高三上•福建•开学考试)We wouldn’t have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _________ (offer) us a ride
home.
【答案】had offered
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果哈罗德让我们搭车回家,我们昨天就不会叫出租车了。offer“提供,表示
愿意”。由前文wouldn’t have called可知,此处是对过去的虚拟,时态应用过去完成时。故填had offered。
80.(23-24高三下•福建•期末)The UNESCO World Heritage Center repeatedly urges that some cultural relics in
Egypt _________ (restore) in order to prevent them from collapse.
【答案】(should) be restored
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)世界遗产中心为了防止埃及的部分文
物倒塌,一再敦促对其进行修复。空处应填谓语动词,表示建议、要求或命令的动词urge/advise/suggest/
command/demand,etc.其后接宾语从句时,从句谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形,should可以省略,从句主语
some cultural relics与restore之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。故填(should) be restored。
81.(23-24高三下•上海•期中)If it were not for their brief encounter Takeshi Kaneshiro’s role _________ ( not
recover) from his sorrows so quickly and regain the courage to love.
【答案】wouldn't have recovered
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果不是因为他们短暂的相遇,金城武的角色不会这么快从悲伤中恢复过来,
重拾爱的勇气。根据从句 If it were not....(如果不是..),可知是对过去事实相反的虚拟语气,主句
用would/should/could/might+have+动词过去分词,此处为否定陈述句。故填wouldn't have recovered。
82.(23-24高三下•全国•课堂例题)John wants to see me today. I would rather he _________ (come) tomorrow
than today.
【答案】came
【详解】考查would rather句型中的虚拟语气。句意:约翰今天想见我。我宁愿他明天来,而不是今天来。分
析句子可知,在would rather引导的从句中,表示现在或将来的愿望时(这一点已由时间状语 tomorrow表
明)要用动词过去式。故填came。
83.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)It’s high time that we _________ (take) immediate measures to protect the
oceans from being polluted.
【答案】took/should take
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:该是我们立即采取措施保护海洋免受污染的时候了。It’s high time that...为固
定句型,意为“该是做……的时候了”,从句使用虚拟语气,谓语动词使用一般过去时或者 should do。故填
took/should take。84.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)With several plans bouncing around in my head, I do wish that I _________
(decide) on one now.
【答案】decided
【详解】考查wish宾语从句的虚拟。句意:我脑子里有好几个计划,我真希望我现在就决定一个。空处为从
句谓语动词,wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,由时间状语now可知是对现在的虚拟,从句谓语动词应用一
般过去时。故填decided。
85.(23-24 高三下•全国•课后作业)I’m leading a hard life. I wish I _________ (work) harder when I was at
college.
【答案】had worked
【详解】考查wish宾语从句的虚拟。句意:我现在过着艰苦的生活。我希望我在大学时更努力一些。此处为
wish宾语从句的虚拟,由句意及空后的when I was at college可知此处是对过去的虚拟,从句应用过去完成时。
故填had worked。
86.(2024高三下•全国•专题练习)How I wish I _________ (not, try) to repair the cellphone! I only made it worse.
【答案】hadn’t tried
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我真希望我没有修理这部手机!我让事情变得更糟了。wish意为“希望”,
后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气,结合I only made it worse.可知,从句表示与过去事实相反,用过去完成时,
故填hadn’t tried。
87.(23-24 高三下•全国•课后作业)Without my English teacher’s encouragement and assistance, I _________
(give) up studying English.
【答案】would have given
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果没有我的英语老师的鼓励和帮助,我早就放弃学习英语了。分析句子可知,
设空处是句子的谓语部分,根据前文“Without my English teacher’s encouragement and assistance”可知,本
句是与过去事实相反的假设,应用would have done,故填would have given。
88.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)With the moderate measures, we _________ (build) a harmonious society in the
future.
【答案】would build
【详解】考查含蓄虚拟语气。句意:假如采取适度的措施,我们将在未来建设一个和谐社会。根据“With the
moderate measures”以及句意可知,本句话使用了含蓄虚拟条件句,即通过名词,连接词,或介词短语等来暗
示。本句话中with的介词短语表示虚拟的条件。根据句中的in the future可知,本句话是对将来事实的假设,
所以句中用“would +do”的结构。故填would build。
89.(23-24高三下•全国•随堂练习)But for the rain, we _________ (have) a nice holiday.
【答案】would have had
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果不是因为下雨,我们会有一个很好的度假。本句是含蓄条件句,but for
表示“如果不是因为……,要不是……”,此句表示与过去事实相反的假设,用虚拟语气,谓语动词用would
have done结构。故填would have had。
90.(23-24高三下•全国•随堂练习)Without your help, we _________ (achieve) so much.
【答案】would not have achieved
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:没有你的帮助,我们不会取得这么大的成就。根据“Without your help (没有
你的帮助)”可知,句子是针对过去的情况提出相反的假设,应用虚拟语气,空处表示“本不会取得”,应用
would not have achieved表示。故填would not have achieved。
91.(2024•上海•高三专题练习)Jack has never been to China, but he talks about it as if he ____________ (be) there
many times.
答案:had been
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:杰克从来没有去过中国,但他说起中国来好像他去过很多次。此处表示与过去事
实相反,应用had done形式。故填had been。
92. ( 2024 春 • 重 庆 • 高 三 校 考 ) A proposal was made to the State Council that Beijing hutongs
____________ (preserve) as part of the effort to retain China’s cultural legacy.
答案:be preserved
试卷第12页,共14页解析:考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:作为保护中国文化遗产的一部分,一项关于保护北京胡同的提案已提
交国务院。proposal意为“提案”,that从句引导的是同位语从句,从句中需要“should+动词原形”的虚拟
语气,should可省略,北京胡同是被保护,因此空格处是be preserved。故填be preserved。
93.(2024•高三课时练习)Don’t come tomorrow because I will not be available then and I would rather you
____________ (come) now.
答案:came
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:明天不要来,因为我没空,我宁愿你现在就来。句中would rather后接从句时,
从句常用虚拟语气,根据now可知,此处表示现在的愿望,应用一般过去时,空格处用过去式。故填came。
94.(2024 秋•高三课时练习)It is essential that every student ____________ (teach) about discipline and
responsibility before graduation from high school.
答案:should be taught/be taught
解析:考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:每个学生在高中毕业之前都应该接受纪律和责任的教育,这是至关重
要的。It is essential that...是固定句型,意为“……是至关重要的”,其中 it是形式主语,that从句是主语从
句,从句中用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气,should可以省略,学生是被教,因此空格处用被动语态
(should) be done,故填(should) be taught。
95.(2024春•高三课时练习)If we ____________ (book) a table earlier, we wouldn’t be standing here in the long
queue now.
答案:had booked
解析:考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:如果我们早点订了位子,现在就不会排这么长的队了。由earlier和now
可知,句子是错综时间条件句,if引导的从句是对过去情况的虚拟,因此空格处所在句子时态用过去完成时,
因此空格处是had done,故填had booked。
96.(2024秋•高三课时练习)I could easily meet my classmate’s requirement that I ____________ (finish)the
game in ten minutes.
答案:(should)finish
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:我很容易就能达到同学要求的十分钟内完成游戏的要求。本句为同位语从句,
requirement 后接宾语从句时,宾语从句用虚拟语气:should+动词原形,should 可以省略。故填
(should)finish。
97.(2024秋•高三课时练习)I will not take his suggestion that I ____________ (try)to lose weight, because being
fat suggests that I am happy.
答案:should try/try
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:我不会接受他关于我应该努力减肥的建议,因为肥胖意味着我很快乐。
suggestion 后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语部份为 should + 动词原形,should 可以省略。故填
(should)try。
98.(2024•全国•高三专题练习)If I ____________ (see) the film, I would have told you about it.
答案:had seen
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我看了这部电影,我会告诉你的。此处与过去事实相反:主句用would
(should, could, might) +have+过去分词,从句用过去完成时。故填had seen。
99.(2024•全国•高三专题练习)When a pencil is partly put into water,it looks as if it ____________ (be)
broken.
答案:were
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:当铅笔部分放入水中时,看起来好像折了。分析句子结构可知,此处应填谓语形
式,结合句意可知,此处考查的是as if引导的让步状语从句中的虚拟语气,表示与现在情况相反,be动词使
用were。故填were。
100.(2024秋•重庆•高三校考)Last night, I ____________ (intend) to be fully absorbed in my work, but found
myself disturbed by noises from my neighbor upstairs.
答案:had intended
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:昨天晚上,我本打算全神贯注地工作,却被楼上邻居的噪音打扰了。had
intended to do sth“本打算做某事”,表示对过去动作的虚拟。故填had intended。