文档内容
专题 15 情态动词和虚拟语气
一 、 单项选择
1．I________ to return early but they just wouldn’t let me go.
A．intended B．have intended C．was intending D．had intended
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我本打算早点回来，但他们就说不让我走。结合句意表达“本打算做某事
（而未做）”用had intended to do，是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故选D。
2．He recommended she________ some research about what a healthy candy would contain.
A．do B．did C．would do D．to do
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他建议她做一些关于健康糖果含有什么的研究。分析句子可知，
“recommended”后为宾语从句，空处为从句谓语；在英语中，recommend后接宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟
语气，即谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略。故选A。
3．The woman insisted that the lost child _____ to store’s information desk so his parents could be informed.
A．be taken B．was taken C．taking D．must be taken
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：这位女士坚持要把走失的孩子带到商店的咨询台，以便通知他的父
母。insist作“坚持”讲时其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语部分为“should+动词原形”，should可省；主
语child和take之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；此处用be done构成含情态动词的被动语态。综上，故选
A。
4．It seemed as if the world________ to an end.
A．is coming B．were coming C．was coming D．has come
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：仿佛世界末日即将来临。因指的是过去的事情，主句用一般过
去时，从句用过去进行时表示过去将来，as if表示“仿佛”，后接从句要用虚拟语气，be动词用were；
come to an end表示“结束”。故选B。
5．It is the first time he ________ here and now it is high time that he ________ around.
A．come;should be showed
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】B．has come;was showed
C．has come;be showed
D．came;was showed
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是他第一次到这里并且现在到了他被带领参观的时候了。空格1在句中
作谓语，固定句型It is the first time （that）...意为“第一次做某事”，结构中that从句应用现在完成时；
空格2在that从句中作谓语，It is high time that...为虚拟语气句型，意为“到了做某事的时候”，结构中
that从句应用一般过去时表示虚拟，由于that从句中主语he和show之间是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的
被动语态。故选B项。
6．My suggestion is that you much meat.
A．wouldn’t take B．shall not take
C．not have D．won’t have
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我的建议是你不要吃太多肉。名词suggestion“建议”后的表语从句用虚拟
语气，谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略；“吃肉”可以用动词have，不用take。故选C。
7．I ________ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I ________ all my money.
A．would like to give; ran out of
B．would like to have given; ran out of
C．would like to give; was run out of
D．would like to give; ran out
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词的时态语态以及虚拟。句意：我本来想给你买一份贵重的生日礼物，但我把钱花光了。
分析句子可知，第一空是在过去虚拟条件“如果我的钱没有花完”下，得出的结论，故需要用到would
like to have done表示“本想……但没有”。主语I和动词短语run out of为主谓关系，故用主动形式即可。
故选B项。
8．It is high time that we action.Otherwise we late.
A．take;will be B．take;are
C．took;will be D．took;would be
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：该是我们采取行动的时候了。否则我们就迟到了。It’s high time that结构中
用过去时；otherwise相当于if虚拟条件句，其后的主句为与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。故选D。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】9．The local authorities had given the instruction that all the old buildings there _____ pulled down.
A．have to be B．will be C．be D．must be
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：当地政府已下令拆除那里所有的旧建筑。instruction后that引出的同位语从
句，谓语动词用(should) do形式。所以谓语动词是省略should+动词原形，被拆除，是be+动词过去分词，
故选C。
10．—I have heard that John wrote a long letter to the president.
—His uncle insisted that he ______it.
A．did B．had done C．do D．would do
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——我听说约翰给总统写了一封长信。——他叔叔坚持要他做这件事。句
中的insist意为“坚持要求”之意，因此宾语从句应用should +动词原形的虚拟语气形式，should可以省略。
故选C。
11．Without the help of my English teacher，I the first prize in the English Speaking Competition.
A．would win B．would have won
C．would not win D．would not have won
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有英语老师的帮助，我不会在英语演讲比赛中获取第一名。根据句意可
知，空格处谓语动词应使用would (not) have done形式，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气形式，即“如果没
有英语老师的帮助（实际他/她给予我很大帮助），我不会获奖”，故选D。
12．_____, I’d have told you.
A．If I would have known it
B．If I had have known it
C．Had I known it
D．Should I know it
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意：如果我知道这件事，我早就告诉你了。结合句意可知，此处表示与
过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词需要用had done的形式；在if型的虚拟语气中，当谓语动词有were、
had、should等词时，可以将if省略，C项省略了if，并将were、had、should提前，为虚拟语气的倒装形
式。故选C项。
13．We insisted that the meaningless argument________.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A．should bring to an end
B．was brought to an end
C．might come to an end
D．come to an end
【答案】D
【详解】考查宾语从句的虚拟语气。句意为：我们坚决要求停止无意义的争论。A. should bring to an end应
该使……终止；B. was brought to an end被终止；C. might come to an end可能结束；D. come to an end结束。
insist表示“坚决要求”，其后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气，谓语动词应为should＋动词原形，should可省
略，不及物动词短语come to an end，符合句意。故选D项。
14．Johnson suggested the problem worth paying attention ________ at the meeting.
A．to be discussed B．to been discussed
C．being discussed D．should be discussed
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰逊建议这个值得注意的问题在会上讨论。worth后应是及物动词的动
名词形式，pay attention to“注意”，to为介词不能省去；主句中的谓语动词为suggest，从句中应用虚拟语
气(should) do结构，主语problem与discuss是被动关系，故用be discussed，故选A项。
15．He was determined that his children _____ to the best school available.
A．should go B．went C．ought to go D．would go
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他决心让孩子们去最好的学校。分析句子结构和意思可知，that引导的是
determine后的宾语从句，从句谓语常用should do，should可省的虚拟语气结构。故选A。
16．He _____ the person referred to be put in prison.
A．said B．demanded C．agreed D．thought
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他要球被提到的这个人应该被关进监狱。A. said说；B. demanded要求；C.
agreed同意；D. thought认为。demand that 后可以接虚拟语气，结构为(should)+do的形式。故选B项。
17．The boss demanded that Mary ______ the work within a week.
A．finished B．would finish C．had finished D．finish
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：老板要求玛丽在一周内完成工作。分析句意可知，动词demand“要求”后
跟从句时，从句中用虚拟语气(should) do。故选D项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】18．That ________ surprising in the past.
A．were considered B．are considered
C．had been considered D．would have been considered
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这在过去会被认为是令人惊讶的。从in the past可知，不能选择B、C；
would have been considered是if虚拟语气句中的主句，表示同过去事实相反，该句省略了if从句。故选
D。
19．—I didn’t go to the movie last night because of the rain.
—What a pity! If I had got the ticket, I __________it.
A．wouldn’t have missed B．wouldn’t miss
C．didn’t miss D．hadn’t missed
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——因为下雨，我昨晚没去看电影。——真遗憾！如果我拿到了票，我就
不会错过了。由句意知昨天晚上我并没有拿到票，所以就没有看成电影，所以空处所在句子是对过去发生
情况的一种推测，从句使用过去完成时，主句应用情态词+have done的形式。故选A项。
20．He speaks Chinese fluently as if he_____a Chinese.
A．were B．had been
C．is D．has been
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他说汉语是那样的流利就好像他是一个中国人。“他是一个中国人”是假
设，所以此处as if引导方式状语从句中要用虚拟语气；由句意可知，与现在事实相反，be动词要用were。
故选A。
21．Ms Smith _________ have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn’t have wasted time on him. I suppose.
A．might B．must C．would D．should
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：史密斯女士一定认为约翰逊是值得的，否则她不会在他身上浪费时间。我
想。A. might或许；B. must一定；C. would将会；D. should应该。根据句意可知，对过去的可能性很大的
情况进行肯定推测，用must have done“一定……”。故选B。
22．—Tony, is that Mr. Black over there?
—I knew that he had gone to England. It be him.
A．might B．could C．can’t D．must
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——托尼，那是布莱克先生吗？——我知道他已经去了英国。不可能
是他。A. might可能，表示不太肯定的推测；B. could可以，表示建议；C. can’t不可能，表示否定的推测；
D. must一定，肯定，表示肯定的推测。由I knew that he had gone to England.可知，布莱克先生已经去了英
国，所以不可能是他。情态动词的否定推测应用can’t。故选C。
23．—Congratulations! You ________ great efforts for the English speech contest.
—Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance.
A．must have made B．should have made C．could makeD．would make
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——祝贺你!你一定为这次英语演讲比赛下了很大的功夫。——谢谢。我很
感激老师的指导。A. must have done一定已经做了；B. should have done本应做；C. could do能做；D.
would do会做。根据句意可知，演讲很成功，说话人向演讲者表达祝贺，说话人推测演讲者在此之前一定
为这次比赛下了很大的功夫；对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done结构，意为“一定做了……”。故
选A项。
24．—Ethan is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow.
— Well, he ______ if he has something else to do.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——伊桑在问他是否必须参加明天的会议。——嗯，如果他有别
的事要做，就不用了。A. mustn’t禁止；B. needn’t不需要；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. can’t不能。根据上下句
句意可知，此处为情态动词needn’t“不需要”，满足句意要求。故选B项。
25．During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t stop thinking that building it ________ have been a
huge project in ancient times.
A．should B．must C．could D．need
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我一直在想，在古代修建长城一定是一项浩大的
工程。A. should应该；B. must必须；C. could可能；D. need需要。根据句意可知，表示对过去情况肯定猜
猜测用must have done，意为“一定是……”。故选B。
26．Waking up suddenly________lead to rapid heart rate and high blood pressure.
A．must B．would C．can D．shall
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：突然醒来会导致心率加快和高血压。A. must一定；B. would将会；C.
can可能；D. shall将要。此处表示推测，意为“能够，可以”应用can，故选C。
27．I asked in the bookshop about Will Dutton’s latest book, but all they tell me was that it would come out
before the end of the year.
A．might B．must C．could D．should
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我在书店询问威尔·达顿的新书，但他们只能告诉我，这本书将在
今年年底前出版。A. might也许；B. must必须；C. could能够；D. should应该。根据“I asked in the
bookshop about Will Dutton’s latest book,”可知，书店店员只能告诉这本书将在今年年底前出版。故选C。
28．During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t help but think it________have been a huge project to
build it in ancient times.
A．should B．must C．would D．need
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我不禁想，在古代修建长城一定是一项
浩大的工程。A. should应该；B. must必须；C. would将；D. need需要。must have done“一定做过某事”表
示对过去的事情的肯定性推测。根据“to build it in ancient times.”可知，古代建长城一定是一项浩大的工程。
故选B。
29．Next time, read the small print in the document before you sign it. You ________ make the same mistake
again.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．don’t have to D．wouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：下次，在你签署文件之前，先看看上面的小字。你不允许再犯同样的错误
了。A. mustn't禁止；B.needn't没必要；C.don't have to不必；D.wouldn't不愿意。根据句意可知，此处表示
禁止在犯同样的错误，故选A。
30．“Those responsible for the accident be punished while those contributing to solving the problems be
rewarded.” promised the official then and there.
A．need B．shall C．must D．should
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：“对事故负有责任的人要受到处罚，对解决问题有贡献的人要受到奖
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】励。”那个官员当场答应道。A. need需要；B. shall（表示说话者的意图、允诺、告诫、警告、命令、决心
等）一定会，必须，应该，可以；C. must必须，一定；D. should应该。shall用于第二、三人称表示“允
诺，警告，命令”等语气。这里是表示“命令”的语气。故选B。
31．—Will you read me a story about Astronaut Yang Liwei, Mummy?
—OK. You ___________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A．might B．must C．could D．shall
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——妈妈，给我讲个航天员杨利伟的故事好吗？——好，如果你
尽快上床睡觉，我就给你讲一个。A. might或许；B. must必须；C. could可能；D. shall将会，应该。shall
用于第二、三人称，表示允诺、命令，威胁等，此句是表示允诺。故选D。
32．Zhang Guimei, a famous moral model, ________ a better life, but caring for neither, she devoted herself to
changing the fates of children in the mountains.
A．could have enjoyed B．may enjoy C．must have enjoyed D．can enjoy
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：张桂梅，一位著名的道德模范，本可以享受更好的生活，但两者她都不关
心，她致力于改变山区儿童的命运。根据情态动词的用法，表示“原本……”含义的情态动词结构为：
could have + 过去分词，A项“could have enjoyed(本能够享受)”与句子表达的含义一致，故选A项。
33．Old age _______ burn and rage at the close of day; rage, rage against the dying of the light.
A．couldn’t B．should C．wouldn’t D．shall
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：老年应当在日暮时燃烧咆哮；怒斥，怒斥光明的消逝。A. couldn’t不能；
B. should应该；C. wouldn’t不会；D. shall将要。根据“rage, rage against the dying of the light.”可知，老年
应该在日暮之时燃烧和咆哮。故选B。
34．When Della returned from skiing, her parents complained that she________her legs when she fell over.
A．should have broken B．must have broken C．could have broken D．would have
broken
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：黛拉滑雪回来时，她的父母抱怨她摔倒时可能会摔断腿。根据上文“her
parents complained(她的父母抱怨)”可知，黛拉滑雪摔倒时可能会摔断腿只是一个对过去可能会发生的事情
的推测，而且仅仅为理论上的可能性，应使用情态动词can或could，再根据情态动词的用法，表示对过去
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】事实的推测要使用“情态动词 + have + 过去分词”结构，故选C项。
35．It is entirely appropriate that his music_____at this festival
A．plays B．is played C．be played D．will play
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：在这个节日上演奏他的音乐是完全合适的。此处为虚拟语气，在It is +形
容词（appropriate/necessary/vital/important/urgent,etc.）+that从句结构中，从句谓语动词需用should+动词原
形，should可以省略，所以此处应用be played。故选C项。
36．________ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A．If were I B．I were C．Were I D．Was I
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我要做这工作，我就改天再做。在虚拟条件句中如果有were/should/
had这三个词，可将从属连词if省略，将were/should/had置于主语前，改写为“were/should/had +主语”形
式。结合句意和主句可知，“___ to do the work”是虚拟条件句，其完整句子为“If I were to to do the
work”，可改写为“Were I to do the work”。故选C项。
37．The printer is of good quality it break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A．Would B．Should
C．Could D．Might
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这台打印机质量很好。如果购买后第一年之内出现故障，我们将免费为您
维修。根据句意可知，该空格处表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气形式，为“should+主语+动词原形+其他成
分”的倒装形式，且表示该假设的情况发生几率不大。故选B。
38．If he had not gone out in the storm, he ________ alive now.
A．will be B．would be C．would have been D．is
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他没有在暴风雨中出去，他现在还活着。分析可知，本句为错综时间
虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，主句与现在事实相反用would+do/be。故选B。
39．I advised that he ________ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ________ quite well then.
A．was sent; felt B．be sent; was feeling
C．be sent; feel D．should be sent; should feel
【答案】B
【详解】考查宾语从句、虚拟语气和时态。句意：我建议他立马被送到医院去，但是他坚持说他那时感觉
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】很好。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个空是advised后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，advise是“建议”的意
思，从句谓语要用should do的虚拟语气结构，should可以省略，从句主语he和谓语动词send是被动关系，
要用被动结构(should) be done；第二个空是insisted后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，insisted是“坚持说”的意
思，从句谓语要用真实的时态，句中有时间状语then，谓语要用过去进行时，主语是he，be动词用was。
故选B。
40．________the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily
A．Had it not been for B．If it were not C．If it had not been for D．Were it not
for
【答案】D
【详解】考查条件状语从句中虚拟语气的用法。句意：要不是因为这些云的话，你很容易就能在空中找到
那架飞机。这里的“要不是因为这些云的话”是一种与现在事实相反的假设，故用一般过去时，A、C项
都是过去完成时，应排除；即为if it were not for，这里是省略了if将be动词提前，从句倒装。故选D项。
41．—Have you ever been to the Great Wall?
—No, but I wish I ________.
A．will B．have C．did D．had
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——你去过长城吗？——没有，但我希望我有。I wish...从句表示与过去事
实相反，应用过去完成时。had后面承前省略了been to the Great Wall。故选D项。
42．Linda couldn’t have answered the question so easily if she ________ a few books on world history before
hand.
A．hadn’t read B．hasn’t read C．wouldn’t have read D．didn’t read
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果琳达没有预先读过几本关于世界历史的书，她就不能这么轻易地回答
这个问题了。由句意和上文的couldn't have answered可知，此处是if引导的非真实条件句，表示与过去事
实相反，从句用过去完成时。故选A。
43．The new traffic law requires that everyone ________ his or her car checked at least once a year.
A．has B．had C．will have D．have
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：新的交通法规要求每个人每年至少检查一次他或她的车。require后面的宾
语从句中应用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可省略，因此空格处是动词原形have，故选D。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】44．Thomas can take his motor apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he ________ me how.
A．teaches B．will teach C．has taught D．would teach
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：托马斯可以把他的马达拆开再组装起来。我真希望他能教我怎么做。在
wish后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，表示对将来的愿望应用would/could/might do。故选D。
45．I can’t stand the young man sitting in the front. He always talks as though he ________ everything.
A．knew B．knows C．has known D．had known
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我不能忍受坐在前面的那个年轻人。他说起话来总是好像什么都知道似的。
分析句子，句中as though意为“似乎，好像”，后面的内容表示与现在事实相反，即对现在的虚拟，故用
一般过去时。故选A。
46．My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life________ to finance the Project with their deeper love
for these children.
A．be encouraged B．are encouraged C．were encouraged D．should encourage
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语态。句意：我的建议是，更多各行各业的人们被鼓励用他们对这些孩子更深的爱来资
助这个项目。suggestion后的表语that从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省。且主
语people与encourage是被动关系，故选A。
47．If he ________ to the teacher attentively yesterday, he ________ the answer to the problem now.
A．had listened; would have known B．listened; would know
C．listened; would have known D．had listened; would know
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他昨天认真听老师讲课，他现在就知道问题的答案了。根据句意和if
从句的时间状语yesterday和主句的时间状语now可知，这个句子是一个含错综时间条件句的虚拟语气，从
句与过去事实相反，从句的谓语动词应该用had done形式，主句与现在事实相反，主句的谓语动词应该用
would do形式。故选D项。
48．It is essential that these application forms ________ back as early as possible.
A．are sent B．be sent C．will be sent D．should send
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：重要的是，这些申请表格应尽早返回。It is essential that....从句谓语用虚拟
语气，即should+动词原形，should可省。结合语境应用被动形式。故选B项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】49．Sorry, I am too busy at the moment. If I ________free, I would certainly go for a walk with you.
A．have been B．had been C．am D．were
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：对不起，我现在太忙了。如果我现在有空的话，我肯定会和你一起出去散
步。根据句意以及句中的at the moment可知，此处表示对现在情况的一种假设，所以从句中谓语动词要用
过去式，be动词用were。故选D。
50．If only I ________ an umbrella last night! I was wet through.
A．took B．should take C．had taken D．take
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我昨晚带把伞就好了!我全身都湿透了。If only表示“要是……就好
了”，这里表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时，因此空格处是had taken，故选C。
51．________ the traffic jam on the highway, we should have arrived at the stadium earlier.
A．In spite of B．Because of C．But for D．Due to
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是高速公路上的交通堵塞，我们本应该早点到达体育场的。A. In spite
of尽管；B. Because of因为；C. But for要不是；D. Due to因为，由于。根据句中“we should have arrived at
the stadium earlier”可知，此处使用了和过去事实相反情况的虚拟语气，四个选项只有but for表示“如果没
有”是含蓄虚拟语气的标志词。故选C。
52．It was demanded that the working conditions in that area ________ as soon as possible.
A．must improve B．improve C．was improved D．be improved
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：有人要求尽快改善那个地区的工作条件。It was demanded that...
里It是形式主语，that从句是主语从句，从句中应用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，工作条件是被改善，
因此空格处是被动语态should be improved，should可省略，故选D。
53．I ______ James some advice, but I didn’t think he would accept it under those conditions.
A．could have given B．mustn’t give
C．couldn’t give D．must have given
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：我本可以给詹姆斯一些建议，但我认为在这种情况下他不会接受。
根据句意可知，此处指“本可以做某事；本能够做某事”，应用could have done sth.。故选A。
54．Johnny, you ________ play with the knife, you ________ hurt yourself.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A．won’t; can’t B．shouldn’t; must C．mustn’t; may D．can’t, wouldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：Johnny，你不要玩刀，你也许会伤到自己。A. won’t不将; can’t 不能；B.
shouldn’t不应该; must一定，表示推测的可能性大；C. mustn’t禁止，不应该; may也许； D. can’t不可能;
shouldn’t不应该。根据“play with the knife”可知，第一空表示的是禁止做某事，禁止玩刀；玩刀也许会伤
到自己，不能说一定会伤到自己。故选C。
55．My pain _____ obvious the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically,
“Are you feeling all right?”
A．must be B．may be C．might have been D．must have been
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：在我走进房间的那一刻，我的痛苦一定很明显，因为我遇到的第一个
男人同情地问我:“你感觉还好吗?”根据句意可知，此处表示对过去动作的肯定推测，应用must have done。
故选D。
56．— Excuse me, where is George?
— George ________ too far. His coffee is still warm.
A．must have gone B．might have gone
C．can’t have gone D．needn’t have gone
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：——劳驾，请问George在哪儿？——George肯定没有走远。他
的咖啡还是热的。A. must have gone肯定离开；B. might have gone可能离开；C. can’t have gone不可能离开；
D. needn’t have gone本没有必要离开。结合 His coffee is still warm可知，此处表示对过去情况的否定推测，
应用can’t have done。故选C。
57．You________so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to get used to your voice.
A．shouldn’t speak B．couldn’t have spoken
C．don’t have to D．needn’t have spoken
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：你没有必要说得那么慢。我只需要几秒钟就能习惯你的声音。A.
shouldn’t speak不应该说；B. couldn’t have spoken不能说；C. don’t have to不必；D. needn’t have spoken没
有必要说。结合语意，我只需要很短的时间就能习惯你的声音，所以你没有必要说得那么慢。故选D项。
58．George ______ too far. His tea is still warm.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A．should have gone B．can’t have gone C．might have gone D．needn’t
have gone
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：乔治不可能走得太远。他的茶还温着。A. should have gone早就
该走了；B.can’t have gone不可能走了；C. might have gone可能已经走了；D. needn’t have gone本来不必去
的。根据后一句His tea is still warm，可推测乔治不可能走远，此处应用can’t have done结构，表示对过去
事情的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”。故选B项。
59．—It’s really tiring for me to stand in the queue for three hours to get the G-train ticket.
—You _______. You could have got one online.
A．mustn’t have B．shouldn’t have C．can’t have D．needn’t have
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意：——排队三个小时才能买到G型列车车票，对我来说真
的很累。——你不需要这样。你可以在网上买一张。A. mustn’t have (done)肯定没有做；B. shouldn’t have
(done)本应该做；C. can’t have (done)不能够做；D. needn’t have (done)本不必做。根据下文“You could have
got one online.”可知，此处表示对过去事实的相反假设，应用“情态动词+have done”结构，答语是简略回
答，have是助动词，标志着完成时态，不可省略。结合语意，你能来可以在网上买票，所以你本不必排队
三小时去买车票的，应用needn’t have (done)。故选D项。
60．It is time that you got down to doing something, so I urge that everyone of you ______ well prepared for the
coming examination.
A．would get B．get C．gets D．got
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：该是你们着手做点事情的时候了，所以我劝你们每个人都为即将到来的考
试做好准备。urge后的that引导的宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词用(should) +动词原形，其中
should可以省略，故选B。
二 、 语法填空
Passage 1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever wondered where Lego(乐高积木)came from? Like many great inventions,the story is not just
one of a great idea, 61 one of a ton of hard work and perseverance（毅力）.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】The story started in Denmark. Ole Christiansen was a carpenter 62 was struggling with his small
business. His wife died 63 (short) after his fourth son was born. He had to work hard to support his
family alone. He started making wood toys,but they didn't sell well. He decided his toys needed a name,and he
chose 64 name"Lego".
Unfortunately, several years later, his workshop 65 (burn) to the ground. Soon,he started to make
a few plastic toys. He got the idea to create a “system" of toys that would build up kids' 66 (imagine)
and creativity. He decided to stop 67 (make) wood toys and focus only on the connected plastic toys.
Then he started to build more and more kinds of 68 (model). Each one had to be of the 69
(high) quality, which can be reflected in Lego's motto —“Only the best is good enough. ”
Thanks to their perseverance, kids can enjoy Lego toys, movies, amusement parks and clothing. But none of
this would have existed at that time if they 70 (give up) when times got hard.
【答案】
61．but 62．who/that 63．shortly 64．the 65．was burned(burnt) 66．imagination
67．making 68．models 69．highest 70．had given up
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了丹麦的一个木匠奥尔·克里斯琴森创造乐高玩具的经过。
61．考查连词。句意: 像许多伟大的发明一样，这个故事不仅仅是一个伟大的想法，而是大量的努力和毅
力的结晶。短语not…but…“不是……而是……”，故填but。
62．考查定语从句连接词。句意：奥尔·克里斯琴森是个木匠，他的小生意做得很艰难。本句为定语从句修
饰先行词carpenter，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故填who/that。
63．考查副词。句意：他的妻子在他的第四个儿子出生后不久就去世了。短语shortly after表示“不久之后；
很快”应填副词shortly。
64．考查冠词。句意：他觉得他的玩具需要一个名字，于是他选择了“乐高”这个名字。name为可数名词，
此处特指下文"Lego"这个名字，故用定冠词the。
65．考查动词时态语态。句意：不幸的是，几年后，他的工作室被夷为平地。根据上文several years later
可知为描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，且主语workshop与谓语动词构成被动关系，故填was
burned(burnt)。
66．考查名词。句意：他的想法是创造一个玩具“系统”，可以培养孩子的想象力和创造力。根据下文并
列结构and creativity可知应填名词imagination。
67．考查固定搭配。句意：他决定停止制作木制玩具，只专注于连接塑料玩具。短语stop doing sth.“停止
正在做的事”后跟-ing形式，故填making。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】68．考查名词的数。句意：然后他开始建立越来越多的模型。model为可数名词，且根据上文more and
more kinds of可知应填名词的复数形式models。
69．考查形容词最高级。句意：每一个都必须是最高质量的，这可以体现在乐高的格言“只有最好的才足
够好”。根据句意以及上文the可知应填形容词最高级highest。
70．考查虚拟语气。句意：但如果他们在困难时期放弃了，这一切在当时都不会存在。在if引导的虚拟语
气中，表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句型为“ if + 主语 + 动词的过去完成式，主语 +would / could /
should / might + have + 动词的过去分词”。故填had given up。
Passage 2
What does it take to graduate from a university? Many 71 say all you have to do is take classes and
pass the exams. Well, it requires more than it if you’re a student at Tsinghua University.
Starting this September, freshmen at the university will have to take swimming courses. If they fail a
swimming test at the beginning of their university course, they won’t receive their degree 72 they can pass
the test successfully, according to an announcement by Tsinghua University president Qiu Yong.
Exceptions 73 (allow) for students with certain physical or mental conditions, if proved by medical
staff.
Liu Bo, head of the Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, explained 74 the university is
linking swimming ability with degrees.
“As a requisite(必要的) survival skill, swimming is beneficial for students in the long run, since swimming is
helpful in improving students’ endurance and is 75 (harmful) to joints(关节) and muscles as a water sport,”
he told China Daily.
Viewing the ability 76 (swim) as a must for students is not something new to this university - it was
also a requirement in the early 20th century.
It was later dropped 77 a rising number of students and a lack of facilities. Besides Tsinghua
University, Peking University and Xiamen University have also listed swimming as a compulsory course for
students.
However, the announcement has caused a heated debate.
Some welcomed the new rule, saying it’s a necessary skill that can save lives. “Swimming is a fundamental(基
本的) skill. It’s a way to stay healthy and is lifesaving in emergency situations. I believe making 78
mandatory(强制的) is necessary,” Yuan Jiaxiang, a junior in Tsinghua’s Department of Civil Engineering, told
China Daily.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】However, some said it has nothing to do with getting a degree. “It’s not reasonable to require people to be able
to swim for them to graduate,” Zheng Xiaoyu, a high school student from the Middle School Affiliated to Northern
Jiaotong University, told China Daily. “For a lot of people who grew up in inland cities, learning how to swim as an
adult will be difficult.”
In fact, Chinese universities are not the only education organizations 79 encourage their students to
swim. A few colleges in the United States - including Cornell, Columbia and MIT - offer swim classes to students.
“Anything 80 (prevent) people from dying needlessly is a valuable skill,” Fred DeBruyn, director of
aquatics(水上运动) at Cornell, told The New York Times.
【答案】
71．may/might 72．until 73．will be allowed 74．why 75．less harmful 76．to swim
77．due to/because of/owing to 78．it 79．that 80．preventing
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍游泳成功之道。
71．考查情态动词。句意：许多人可能会说，你所要做的就是上课并通过考试。此处指不是很确定，故填
may/might。
72．考查not---until引导的时间状语从句。句意：据清华大学校长邱勇宣布，如果他们在大学课程开始时
的游泳考试中不及格，那么他们只有通过考试才能获得学位。按照句义，他们将得不到他们的学位除非能
成功通过考试，所以这里是not...until...“直到------才”引导的时间状语从句。故填until。
73．考查一般将来时态的被动语态。句意：有一定身体或精神状况的学生，经医务人员证明，可以例外。
首先确定本句没有谓语，应该是谓语动词，然后是例外会被允许，最后确定if条件状语从句中的主将从现，
所以用一般将来时态的被动语态。故填will be allowed。
74．考查宾语从句。句意：体育科学与教育部部长刘波解释了为什么学校将游泳能力与学位联系起来。解
释之后应该是解释为什么，所以是why引导的宾语从句。故填why。
75．考查形容词比较级。句意：游泳作为一项必不可少的生存技能，从长远来看对学生是有益的，因为作
为一项水上运动，游泳有助于提高学生的耐力，对关节和肌肉的伤害较小。这里在讲游泳的好处，所以应
是harmful 的降级比较级less harmful to joints and musles，故填less harmful。
76．考查动词不定式做后置定语。句意：将游泳能力视为学生必须具备的能力，这对这所大学来说并不新
鲜——在20世纪初，这也是一种要求。固定搭配：the ability to do sth, 做某事的能力。故填to swim。
77．考查固定短语。句意：后来，由于学生人数的增加和设施的缺乏，这个项目被取消了。这件事情后来
被放下了，由于......原因，所以填due to/because of/owing to。
78．考查代词it。句意：我认为强制执行是必要的。这里是it作making的宾语，把这件事变为强制的是很
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】必要的，it代指游泳。故填it。
79．考查定语从句。句意：事实上，中国的大学并不是唯一鼓励学生游泳的教育机构。此处organizations
是先行词，指物，后面的定语从句缺主语和引导词，理论上应该用that/which引导定语从句,但是前面有the
only修饰先行词,所以只能填that。
80．考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：任何防止人们无谓死亡的方法都是一种宝贵的技能。句子中已经有
谓语动词is，所以这里应是非谓语动词，“任何阻止人们死亡的事情”是主动，所以用现在分词作后置定
语。故填doing。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】
