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专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单

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专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单
专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单

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【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单 专题42 完形填空满分策略(讲案)解析版 (快问快答+思维导图+考法点拨+真题再练+名校模拟) 目录 一、完形填空快问快答 P 2 二、完形填空高考考情 P 2 三、完形填空解题策略 P 3 四、完形填空思维导图 P 4 五、完形填空考法点拨 P 5 考法一:五大方法速判句内层次题 P 5 考法二:四大技巧稳抓句组层次题 P 7 考法三:七种逻辑提升语篇层次题 P 10 六、完形填空易错点及备考建议 P 13 易错点一:不懂熟词生义 P 13 易错点二:未能联系上下文 P 14 易错点三:没记准固定搭配含义 P 15 易错点四:缺乏常识或文化背景知识 P 15 七、完形填空真题演练(2024 题组) P 16 八、完形填空名校模拟(4 篇) P 25 一、完形填空快问快答Q1:完形填空有什么特点? A1:以记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主,说明文为辅,围绕人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大主题语境,考查 学生的英语综合素养和关键能力。考点设置以实词为主,其中对动词、名词以及形容词的考查数量最多。 Q2:完形填空做题步骤如何? A2:第一步:读“首句”,辨“文体”。学生应该充分利用首句的提示作用,分辨文章体裁,知晓文章大意。 第二步:重“脉络”,通“结构”。文章的脉络和结构就是故事的排列顺序和架构方式。不论是哪种体裁的 文章,其脉络和结构都是作者行文思路的体现,对深人理解文章的思想内容具有重要意义。第三步:找“线 索”,推“逻辑”。学生在做完形填空试题之前可以先避开选项,根据文章的线索,自己填出合适的单词。 Q3:完形填空有哪些命题趋势? A3:阅读量逐年提高,阅读时间减少;生词量有增无减;长句增多,句式灵活,结构复杂;选材地道,内 容丰富,体现育人功能。 Q4:如何提高完形填空正答率? A4:一要掌握完形填空命题规律和选项特征,二要不断扩大词汇量,尤其是 3500高考高频词汇和历年熟词 生义,三要广泛进行专项训练,积累做题经验,摸索出一套行之有效的个性化做题模式,四要重视纠错, 探寻错误原因,防止出现类似错误。 二、完形填空高考考情 2020-2024年高考英语完形填空考情分析 名 形容 介 卷别 体裁 题材 词数 动词 副词 词 词 词 2024新课标I卷 记叙文 凡是要有自己主见 234 8 5 1 1 2024新课标II卷 记叙文 友善行为美食力量 227 9 5 1 2024全国甲卷 记叙文 厨房里的祖母聊天 276 7 8 3 1 1 2023新课标I卷 记叙文 越野赛的善行义举 225 7 7 1 2023新课标II卷 记叙文 帮狗狗与主人团聚 209 7 3 4 1 2023全国甲卷 记叙文 学会不要以貌取物 249 9 4 6 1 2023全国乙卷 记叙文 体操奥运冠军故事 244 12 3 4 1 2022新课标I卷 记叙文 家庭野营趣味经历 218 5 5 3 1 1 2022新课标II卷 记叙文 环球旅行免费住宿 209 5 6 4 2022全国甲卷 记叙文 因狗结缘爱情故事 277 8 7 1 3 2022全国乙卷 说明文 孩子捉迷藏的研究 261 7 7 4 2 2021新课标I卷 记叙文 暑期短暂打工体验 230 9 4 2 2021新课标II卷 记叙文 中国警察无畏事迹 192 7 7 1 2021全国甲卷 记叙文 致歉酒店终获原谅 242 10 5 4 1 2021全国乙卷 夹叙夹议 女患巧妙感谢医护 261 10 7 1 2 2020新课标卷 记叙文 海岛植树保护环境 225 5 6 3 1 2020全国卷I 记叙文 请不要对孩子说谎 251 6 8 3 2 1 2020全国卷II 记叙文 竞拍名画竟是真迹 287 11 4 3 2 2020全国卷III 记叙文 应对难对付的顾客 265 8 3 6 1 2 三、完形填空解题策略 完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一,它要求考生能够读懂一篇有空缺的文章的大意,根据已学知识,在整体理解的基础上,推导出未知内容。它具有主观性测试和客观性测试的双重优点。它既可以 在语篇中考查考生英语基础知识,即词汇、语法知识,又可考查考生运用语言知识的能力,如词语搭配、 习惯用法、词义辨析、语言交际、文化背景和社会风俗等。同时它还要求考生必须具备良好的把握上下文 行文逻辑和篇章结构的能力。 1.高考完形填空题的文章选材广泛,注重原汁原味,内容着重体现新课标所要求的“关注学生情感, 提高人文素养”这一人文理念。文章体裁以记叙文为主。 2.文章长度250词左右,一般设空20个,设空平均间距为10个词左右。首句不设空。 3.考查以语篇内容理解为主,注重对文章语境的理解和把握。题型按语境进行分类,可分为句内层次 题、句组层次题和语篇层次题。语法考查很少见。 4.选项以考查实词为主,如名词、动词、形容词等;虚词为辅,如介词、连词等。 完形填空记叙文 解题要领 内容解读 中心思想有助于明确做题方向,提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思想;如无题目,抓文 抓住文章中心 章开头结尾,尤其是议论抒情的语句,也可抓住文章的中心。 在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”,这样有助于走进作者的思维,深入理解文章的含 明确叙述角度 义。 记叙文的写作顺序有:顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙,理清写作顺序有助于了解事情 理清写作顺序 发展的来龙去脉,从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。 弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H),即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原 明确写作要素 因(why)、结果(how),抓住这些写作要素,就基本上抓住了文章的主体。 洞悉写作目的 写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理,给人以启迪或教益。 完形填空记叙文 解题要领 内容解读 借助文章结构,即事例→观点,观点→事例,观点→事例→观点,体会记叙和议论 分析结构,抓 的关系,抓住作者的观点,明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构,从而 住作者的观点 明白作者的写作思路。 重视首句,把 首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作中 握文章主题 心,为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。 夹叙夹议文中叙与议是一个有机的整体,叙是议的基础,而议是叙的升华。在读这 叙议兼顾,理 类文章时,掌握议论部分的内容是关键,因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以 解议论内涵 只有把故事和哲理联系起来,再结合对人物心理和行为的描述,全面把握文章才能 正确解题。 抓住转换,理 抓住记叙与议论的转换,及时调整思维方式,理清上下文之间逻辑关系,在充分把 清逻辑关系 握语境的基础上,辨析词语,进一步把握作者的观点、态度,找到正确答案。 完形填空说明文 解题要领 内容解读通读全文,明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面对其加以说明的。 明确说明对象,理 在阅读过程中要概括、总结每一段说明的侧重点,理清各段之间的关系,加深对说 清段落关系。 明对象的理解。 在说明的过程中作者会选择合理的说明顺序对说明对象进行解说。把握了说明顺序 就能准确把握文章的脉络,加深对整篇文章的理解。常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、 弄清说明顺序,把 空间顺序、逻辑顺序(如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等)和认识顺序(如由此及 握作者态度。 彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质等)。另外,在理清作者思路的基础 上,还要注意反映作者态度的关键词或关键句,把握作者的写作情感和意图。 四、完形填空思维导图 五、完形填空考法点拨考法一:五 大方法速判句内层次题 句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内,在读懂文意的前提下,利用本句的一些信息凭借语感即可顺利 选出答案。对于此类题目,考生可以边读边填,将原文信息尽量复原。 【方法1 利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题】 1.【2020·全国Ⅱ卷】It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be __41__ to the public because of Italy's privacy laws, 42.finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin. 41.A. attached B.allocated C.exposed D.submitted 【分析】本题可以利用习惯搭配解题。根据下文的“because of Italy's privacy laws”可知主人公的真名是隐 私的、不可透露的。由此可知正确选项。 【方法2 利用生活常识和文化背景解题】 完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时,若 能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识,巧妙地加以运用,特别是注意中西文化的差异,将会 大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,从而轻松地做出正确判断。 2. [2021·全国乙卷]And there you have it. To many people, __59__ lives is part of the job but styling hair is an extra and should be rewarded. 59.A. risking B.changing C.saving D.building 【分析】第59题考查语境和常识推断。对许多人来说,挽救(saving)生命是医护人员工作的一部分,但是做 头发是额外的(extra)事,应当得到酬谢。risk“冒险”;change“改变”;build“培养,发展”。 【方法3 利用句子分析法解题】 完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系,它使句子的各个成分之间形 成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分,将它作为线索,通过它推断出未知填空的答案。 3. [2021·浙江卷]...However,within fifteen minutes of 39.arriving,my worries had gone. Everyone was so __40__ and like-minded that it was very 41.easy to feel at home. 40.A. confident B.friendly C.energetic D.curious 【分析】本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。从上述分析可以看出,第40题与“like-minded”形成对应关 系。因为有and这一并列连词,并且and前后意思应该一致,由此可知正确选项。 【方法4 利用逻辑关系解题】 此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案,主要应用于完形填空的两 类题型:一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语;二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。 4.【2020·新高考卷】When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23.disturbing happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24.damage it caused had driven away a number of birds. __25__, the number of snakes had declined as well. 25.A. Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise 【解析】本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。空前提到“鸟的数量减少了”,空后提到“蛇的数量也减少了”, 此处表示语意上的递进。 【方法5 利用语境暗示分析法解题】 上下文语境具体体现为:全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和 段际关系。在句内层次题中,我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示,即根据已知信息,推导出正确答案。 5. [2021·全国乙卷]She was__49__for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge,we shared in her50.delight at her recovery. As she was 51.leaving she was eager to say 52.goodbye to each of us in the nursing team. 49.A. grateful B.thoughtful C.sorrowful D.fearful 【解析】本题可通过语境暗示解题。根据下文中“everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her”可推知,她感激医护人员为她做的一切。thoughtful“周到的,体贴的”;sorrowful“悲伤的”; fearful“担心的,害怕的”。 考法 二 : 四大技巧稳抓句组层次题 句组层次题是比句内层次题稍难一级的题目,其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中,解题时需 瞻前顾后,综合意群信息解答。即本句信息不足填,空格前后再找信息源。 【技巧1 利用感情色彩关联解题】 在完形填空中,我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中,仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助我 们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。 1.【2021浙江卷1月卷】 My job was to 45build a stairway out of rock. This 46meant climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions,although I should say they were only heard,never 47seen. Three days later,a beautiful stairway came into being. The 48 of knowing that my 49work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive. 48.A. satisfaction B.ambition C.expectation D.intention 【解析】本题可以利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题。根据划线处后半句“my 49.work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive”,“了解我的工作成果(work)将会在未来数年都在这个山坡上”, 作者对自己的工作有十足的满足感,故用satisfaction“满足,满足感”。 【技巧2 利用逻辑关系解题】 在句组层次题中,利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。 2.【2021·天津卷3月卷】In addition to 31.practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. 4 8 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment. 32.A. Otherwise B.However C.Somehow D.Meanwhile 【解析】本题考查连接词,可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据语境可知,此处表示与此同时,孩子们也获得了 成就感。otherwise“否则,不然”;however“但是”;somehow“以某种方式”;meanwhile“与此同时”。 【技巧3 利用语境暗示分析法解题】 在句组层次题中,有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题,即根据已知信息,推导出 正确答案。 3.【2021·全国卷甲卷】 Burchill was 41.staying at the hotel on business and planning to 42.visit some friends in the area. They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he __44__ a suitcase full of pepperoni. 44.A. filled B.locked C.abandoned D.lost 【解析】本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文“They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east”,可推知Burchill应该是装了一手提箱的辣香肠带给朋友,此题选A符合上下文语 境。 【技巧4 利用词语复现解题】 复现是一种语义衔接手段,它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根 词等重复出现来表达某一概念,使整篇文章上下连贯,有机地衔接在一起。因此,考生可根据文章的具体 情况,理解文章的结构和语境,利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。 一、原词复现 4.【2022•全国甲】When I first dated Steve, I learned he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I wasthrilled that he was an animal lover, I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 4 6 the cat. 46. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly 【解析】 46. A。虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者,但我担心三条狗可能太多了,我的狗可能会攻击猫 Flora。根据上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora 的猫)”可知,此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A。 提醒:Flora—Flora原词复现 5.【2022·新高考I卷】My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 22 along Chalk Creek. 22. A. campedB. drove C. walked D. cycled 【解析】22. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一次,我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营;B. drove开车; C. walked 散步;D. cycled 骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知,此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。 提醒:camping ---camped原词复现 二、同义词复现 6.【2018·全国卷】 When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, 41(wrong) number!” and move on. But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn't intended for him, he did something 43(special). 42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed 【解析】42. A。根据文章第一句When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person可以推知,他接到了电话。A. received收到;B. translated翻译;C. copied复制;D. printed印刷。 本题可以利用语义复现解题。第42空是上文“get”的同义词复现,故选A。 提醒:get—received 是同义词复现 7.【2021·天津】He 23 (offered) to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes,which he would repair again 2 4 . 24. A. by accident B. in advance C. for free D. on credit 【解析】24. C。by accident偶然;in advance提前;for free免费;on credit赊账。上文提到他主动提出为 有需要的人免费修自行车,根据空前的again及语境可知,此处指他会再次免费修废弃的自行车。故选C。 提醒:free of charge与for free是同义词复现。 三、近义词复现 8.【2017·全国 I 卷】While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process andfound something that has changed my 42 (experience) at college for the better: I discovered ASL— American Sign Language (美式手语). 41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal 【解析】41. A。根据首句提供的相关信息:high school与college,以及“not generally encourage students to explore”与“sets the stage for that exploration”分析判断,“我”亲身经历了这个探索过程,发现这 个让“我”的大学的经历更加美好的东西:美式手语。故是searchingprocess(探索过程),与前文的 exploration吻合。本题可以利用语义复现解题。第41空是上文“explore”的近义词复现,故选A。 9.【2022·新高考 I 卷】Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we headed off, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our peaceful morning trip. The 2 9 picked up and thunder rolled. 29. A. wind B. noise C. temperatureD. speed 【解析】29. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:狂风大作,雷声隆隆。A. wind 风;B. noise 噪音;C. temperature温度;D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知,此处指大 风刮了起来。故选A。 提醒:storms—wind近义词复现 四、反义词复现 10.【2022·新高考Ⅱ卷】 She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world,stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore It might sound like one long,expensive 42 (vacation) , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 4 3 . 43. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable 【解析】43. D。safe安全的;busy繁忙的;helpful有帮助的;affordable负担得起的。由but可知,此处 与上文中的expensive(昂贵的)构成反义关系,也就是“便宜的”或“负担得起的”。故选D。 11.【2019·全国Ⅱ卷】Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face. 49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety 【解析】49. B。设空处下一句 Itjust started licking Ehlersface.(小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸)说明小狗见到 Ehlers很高兴与之前的紧张和害怕形成对比。根据空后内容可知,此处指小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴(joy)所取 代了。故选B。 提醒:Nervousness and fear—joy 是反义词复现 五、上下词复现 12.【2020·全国Ⅰ】Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. ..One day they’ll 47 (wake up) and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 (lie) . I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 ( consequences ) . I have a very strong 51 ( fear ) that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 ( spiritual ) damage to our children. 49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers 【解析】49. A。句意:我想知道父母是否应该说出真相,无论结果如何。parents父母twins双胞胎 colleagues同事teachers老师。根据下文to our children,可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真 相。根据上文中提到的our twins,the kids以及下文中的our children可知,此处是指父母(parents)。故 选A。 提醒:our twins,the kids以及下文中的our children与下文parents是总括与分述的词汇复现 13.【2022·全国乙卷】We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 47 ( child ) sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 . We then asked the child if she could 49(see) or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. 48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears 【解析】48. A。foot脚;nose鼻子;hand手;ear耳朵。根据下文“or hear the adult”可知,实验中,儿 童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音,所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。此处ears与下文中的hear是 上下词复现。 提醒:ears与下文中的hear是上下词复现 考法 三 : 七种逻辑提升语篇层次题 完形填空中主要考查七大逻辑关系:对立关系、并列和递进关系、目的和因果关系、条件关系、时间 关系、层次和顺序关系、例证关系。 一、对立关系 对立关系包括让步、对比和转折关系,常见的标志词和短语有:but,however,yet(然而,但是),on the contrary(相反),by contrast(相比之下),unfortunately,although,even though,while,nevertheless(然而,不 过),whereas(然而,反之),in spite of(尽管),regardless of(不管,不顾),anyhow,after all(毕竟),instead of(而不是),rather than(而不是),not...but,otherwise(否则),or else,to the opposite(对立面),compared with 等。 1.【2022·全国乙卷】For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44(interrepted) as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our 45(surprising) research results in child developmental psychology 4 6 that idea. 46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested 【解析】句意:但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. explained解释; B. confirmed证实;C. contradicted相矛盾;D. tested测试。根据下文“Our19suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method _ 40 _ when others use it.”可知,研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。答案:C。2.【2020·天津卷】He has recently made a significant 16 ( discovery ) —loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes,but it can be 17 in a clever way. The 18 ( solution ) Chat benches. 17. A. experienced B. suffered C. prevented D. felt 【解析】根据空格前的but与空格后的in a clever way及“Chat benches.”可知,虽然孤独会导致很多问题, 但可以通过长椅聊天的方式来预防(prevent)。答案C。 二、并列和递进关系 并列和递进关系常用的标志词和短语有:and,or,neither...nor...,not only...but (also)...,similarly等。 3.【2022·全国甲卷】A year later, much to my 58 delight , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I 59 him to. That’s only for giving 60 water to the dogs that brought us together. 59. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid 【解析】句意:他没有跪下,我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求;B. trust信任;C. need需要;D. aid帮助。 由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他没有跪下)”和常识可知,一般求婚是要下跪的,但史蒂夫没有下跪, 作者对此并不在意,因为作者不需要他下跪。故选C。 4.【2019·北京卷】The students who he’s 15 ( driven ) have gone on to become physicians,teachers and engineers,but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students 16 call him “Grandpa”. 16.A.even B. ever C. once D. already 【解析】根据语境,此处表示这些大学生视威尔逊为楷模和朋友,甚至(even)亲切地叫他“爷爷”。 答案 A。 三、目的和因果关系 目的和因果关系常用的标志词和短语有:because,for,since,as,thus(因此),hence(因此),therefore, so,so...that,such...that,in order that,consequently(因此),accordingly,due to,thanks to,on account of(由 于,因为),because of,seeing that(由于,因为),in that(因为),now that,as a result,for this reason等。 5.【2017·全国Ⅲ卷】The ticket had a strict no-transfer(不可转让) 45 ( policy ) ,but since passport information was not required when 46 ( booking ) ,any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can 47 it. 47. A. use B. borrow C. choose D. buy 【解析】因为前面提到预订的时候并不需要提供护照信息,所以任何叫 Elizabeth Gallagher的加拿大人都 可以用(use)这张票。borrow借入;choose选择;buy购买。答案 A。 四、条件关系 条件关系常用的标志词和短语有:if,unless,whether,supposing,on condition that,provided that, depending on等。 6.【2019·江苏卷】As you mark off another “Earth Day” in your calendars,content that for at least 24 hours I remained in your thoughts,I wanted to remind you that I am frightened that 4 1 I can’t soon receive the appropriate medicine and care I need,my illness will become terminal beyond all cures. 41. A. when B. though C. if D. unless 【解析】句意为:我担心如果我的疾病得不到恰当的医疗和我所需要的照料,我的疾病就是致命的。if引导条件状语从句。答案C。 五、时间关系 时间关系常用的标志词和短语有:before,since,as,until,meanwhile,at the moment,when,whenever, as soon as等。 7.【2020·江苏卷】For him,it was one thing to 49 ( accept ) his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 50 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. 50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before 【解析】根据下文“This moved him to action.”可知,对他来说在可以如此容易解决的情况下,让事情继续 下去完全是另一回事。when“当……的时候”,符合此处语境。答案B。 六、层次和顺序关系 层次和顺序关系常用的标志词和短语有:besides,finally,first,firstly,further,eventually,in the first place,last,next,second,secondly,third,thirdly,to begin with,to start with,on the one hand,on the other hand等。 8.【2018·江苏卷】 49 ,the couple found that their bodies turned for the better,with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 50.lost forever. 49. A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D. Consequently 【解析】最后(eventually),夫妻俩发现他们的身体都有所好转。initially 最初;temporarily 临时地; consequently因此,所以。答案B。 七、例证关系 例证关系常用的标志词和短语有:all in all,altogether,in brief,in sum,in conclusion,in short,in summary,on the whole,to sum up,to summarize,as a proof,as an example,for example,for instance,in particular,just as,namely,such as,that is,as to,say等。 9.【2014北京】“I hope this method would be put into practice in the near future, 4 1 in the next 10 years,” he says. 41. A. imagine B. say C. suppose D. consider 【解析】say在此处用作举例,意为“譬如,比方说”。故选B项。 六、完形填空易错点及备考建议 易错点一:不懂熟词生义 对于一些看上去很熟悉的词,考生往往不知道或者不重视除了自己所记住的词义之外的其他意思或者其他 词性。在平时的复习中考生不重视熟词生义,导致他们在高考紧张的答题时间内,脑海中出现的就只有自 己最熟悉的意思,从而出现答题失误,导致丢分。近几年高考英语全国卷完形填空中频繁出现熟词生义这 个考点,一般以下列两种形式呈现: 一、一词多义 【2021全国乙卷】And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different 42 of gratitude(感谢). A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations【答案】A. grade(等级)grade: n. 年级(熟词熟义)→ n. 程度;等级(熟词生义)根据句意可知, different grades of gratitude 意为“不同程度的感谢”。整个句子的意思是“当时想,如果有一系列表达不 同程度感谢的词,事情就容易多了”。 【易错选项解析】B。答案怎么可能会是 A?grades 这个词再熟悉不过了,不是“年级”的意思吗?这是 大部分考生看到这个词时的第一反应,殊不知,就是这种“最熟悉的陌生人”让考生与正确答案擦肩而 过。考生不知道 grade 还可以表示“程度;等级”,因而在排除了 C. needs(需求),D. expectations(期 待)之后,勉强选了 B. meanings(意思)。 备考建议: 为了加深学生对这一熟词生义的理解,强化记忆,建议教师用以下方法来进行巩固练习: (1)让学生在词典中查 grade 表示“程度;等级”的词条,并将英文释义摘抄到笔记本上,然后让他们再 用这一释义造句,若学生自己造句有困难,可以摘抄词典上的例句。 (2)教师可以准备含 grade 的典型例句,然后让学生选择和以上高考例题中意思相同的例句。例如: a. My brother is in sixth grade. 年级 b. He got a grade A in maths. 分数 c. The best grades of tea are expensive. 等级 02 多词性词 多词性词是指同一个词,在不变换词形的情况下,有一种以上的词性。如果平时学生不留意,没有掌握这 种多词性词,那么在高考英语中它就会对学生答题造成干扰。 【2021全国乙卷】The patient looked puzzled, and then 56. replied : “Oh this isn’t for the 57. care I had. I take that as a 58 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.” A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting 【答案】B. given(既定的事实,一定会发生的事情)given v. 给;赠送(give 的过去分词,基本义 / 熟 义)→ n.既定的事实(熟词生义)根据句意可知,这位患者给护士钱,不是因为她得到了护士的照顾。她 认为护士照顾她是“一定会发生的事情”此外,“take sth. as...(把……认为)”这一短语以及代词that 的 指代作用,增加了学生解答试题的难度,也影响了这道题的正答率。 【易错选项解析】D。2021 年高考英语的这道题难倒了诸多考生。根据考生回忆,当时没有选 B 的原 因,主要是其不知道该词的意思。英语基础好一些的考生也只记得given 是个形容词,但不知道其具体的意 思。在这种情况下,考生排除了 A. goal(目标),C. push(推),因不确定B. given 的意思,尽管有一部 分考生认为 D. greeting(问候)带到原文中意思似乎也不对,但还是勉强选了D。 备考建议 : 教师可以把高考英语完形填空真题当作语料库,同时引起学生重视这些试题,保证练习的效度。教师可以 整理归纳高考真题中类似的考题,继续考查学生: (1)【2020年全国Ⅱ卷】Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $ 32. A. battled B. debated C. discussed D. bargained 【答案】A. battle n. 小战役 → v. 与……斗争 / 争夺。此处指 Nicolo 与另一位想买画的人争夺画。(2)【2020年全国卷Ⅱ】The 59 family called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $ 50 million. A. copies B. originals C. models D. presents 【答案】B. original adj. 最初的;原创的 → n. 原件;原稿。句意:“Nicolo 父子为了鉴别画的真伪打 电话给意大利文化部;经确认这两幅画都是价值五千万美元的原件。” 易错点二:未能联系上下文 高考英语完形填空都有特定的主题语境,但是考生往往会忽视语境对语篇的统摄作用,导致其做题时“只 见树木,不见森林”。考生遇到不会的题,可以暂时放过,往往下文会有语境上的提示,这也是教师在讲 解完形填空时经常对学生说的“上下求索”,即联系上下文。 同词复现指的是完形填空中的某个设空处的答案在上下文中已经出现过。学生通过“上下求索”就能得出 设空处的答案。 【2020全国Ⅰ卷】I wonder if 49. parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50. consequences. I have a very strong 51 that the lie we’re telling is doing 52. spiritual damage to our children... Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt 【答案】B. fear n.(害怕)。句意:“我非常害怕,现在撒的谎正在对孩子造成精神上的伤害。” 【易错选项解析】D。有的考生看到51空前的strong 会选择 doubt,觉得应该是我深深怀疑……,但是如 果考生在这里多思考一下,接着看下文“Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear.”,就会得出正确答案为 B. fear。 备考建议 教师在引导学生关注到这一特征之后,可以引导学生用箭头将下文出现的 fear 标向 51 空,这样通过视觉 形象不断去强化这一考点,下次遇到类似的完形填空题,学生就会有意识地应用学到的技巧去解决类似的 问题。为了巩固所学,教师可以找来类似的高考真题或者典型例题来强化这一知识点。例如: 【2017年全国卷Ⅲ】You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 42 . A. origin B. passport C. accent D. friend 【答案】B. passport n.(护照)。句意:“你的名字必须是 Elizabeth Gallagher,而且你要有加拿大护照。” 此处可以从下文“...including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallagher with the 50. right passports.” 中 出 现 的 passports得到启示和验证。 易错点三:没记准固定搭配的含义 词义辨析或者固定搭配是完形填空的必考项,尤其是形近词辨析、动词短语或者介词短语辨析。这类题型 考查的是学生对词义或固定搭配的识记能力,但考生往往因为选项中的单词或者短语比较相似而记不准词 义,从而导致丢分。 【2019全国Ⅱ卷】... but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days.A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain 【答案】D. in vain(徒劳)。句意:“枪声把狗吓跑了,Jeff 搜寻了 Rosie 四天,没有任何结果。” 【易错选项解析】A、B、C。A. on purpose(故意),B. on time(按时),C. in turn(依次;轮流),D. in vain(徒劳)。考生如果没记准这些常见的固定搭配,就会想当然地随便选择选项。 易错点四:缺乏常识或文化背景知识 对于完形填空中的一些考查常识或文化背景的题,如果考生对相关的主题比较熟悉,有这方面的常识或者 文化背景,那么正答率就高。这就要求考生的阅读面要广,有一定的常识及文化背景知识的积累。 【2019全国Ⅰ卷】58. Finally you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial 【答案】A. permanent adj.(永久的)。根据句意,“最后你会爬到像北极一样的地区,那里永久的积雪 和冰川也许很快会消失。” 【易错选项解析】B。这篇完形填空的主题是人与自然,介绍了非洲最高的山——乞力马扎罗山的环境污染 情况,以及在当地机构努力治理之后,其环境的改观。如果学生对乞力马扎罗山有所了解,就会知道它是 世界上唯一的一座“赤道雪山”。目前乞力马扎罗山的冰雪融化、冰川消失现象非常严重,在过去的 80年 内冰川已经萎缩了80%以上。有环境专家指出,乞力马扎罗雪顶可能将在10年内彻底融化消失。选错的考 生认为,既然积雪和冰川马上就要消亡了,那积雪肯定特别少,所以就误选了B.little。在缺乏背景知识的情 况下,考生就会有各种奇葩的思路。 七、完形填空高考真题演练(15空) 【2024题组】 【2024新课标I卷】阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 42 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run – 15 miles. To be honest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 . I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 55 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice 51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges 52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing 54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动(跑步和骑自行车)的兴趣和经历, 并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我十几岁的时候,一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道;B. held 抓住;C. won赢得;D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知,作者有了动力,所以此处应是一个 邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。 42.考查副词词义辨析。句意:有了动力,我开始定期跑步,但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地; B. silently默默地;C. proudly自豪地;D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知,作者有了动 力,所以应是定期跑步,符合语境。故选A项。 43.考查动词词义辨析。句意:首先,有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我,她正在为“超级”马拉松训练,指 的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求;B. looking看;C. waiting等待;D. training训练。根据后文 “referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知,女孩要跑双马拉松,所以此处应是为之训练,符合语境。 故选D项。 44.考查动词词义辨析。句意:说实话,我讨厌它!A. made 制作;B. believed 相信;C. hated 讨厌;D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知,作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一 比微不足道,所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。45.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在那个女孩面前,我的成就显得微不足道,再加上慢跑的无聊,我决定我再 跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势;B. achievement成就;C. contribution贡献;D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small” 可知,作者最长跑了15 miles,而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练,所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。 46.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在那个女孩面前,我的成就显得微不足道,再加上慢跑的无聊,我决定我再 跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式;B. risk风险;C. place地方;D. reason理由。根据后 文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知,有一只大狗在追“我”,“我”才会再跑 步,这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。 47.考查动词短语辨析。句意:所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃;B. went on继续;C. turned to转向; D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the only6I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知,作者决定放弃跑步,所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我梦想着参加自行车比赛,直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到; B. dreamed梦想;C. complained抱怨;D. approved批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知, 此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛,符合语境。故选B项。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一天她上班的时候,我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成; B. borrowed借;C. bought买;D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文 “went for a ride”可知,作者去看妹妹,所以要去骑行的话,应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。 50.考查名词词义辨析。句意:问题是:那里的道路穿过很大的山谷,我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem问题;B. secret秘密;C. principle原则;D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 .”可知,作者要骑上坡好几英里,这对他来说,是一个问题。故选A 项。 51.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers 危险;B. events 事件;C. opponents对手;D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知,作者要骑上坡好几英里,这对他来说是一个挑战。故选 D项。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意:。那天,我被大约 100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。 A. passed超过;B. convinced说服;C. admired欣赏;D. stopped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such 51 .”可知,作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战,所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。 53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当我回到家,突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的;B. convenient方便的;C. familiar熟悉的;D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知,作者那天骑行被100多人超过,所以此时是觉得骑自 行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。54.考查动词词义辨析。句意:从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行;B. matured (情感和认识)成熟;C. missed思念;D. worried担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever 5 5 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知,作者不再轻易放弃,所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。 55.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我已经开始接受这样一个事实:无论我为自己设定什么目标,它们都必须是 我自己的。A. limits限制;B. dates日期;C. goals目标;D. tests测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知,此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标,它们都必须是我自己的”,符合语境。 故选C项。 【2024新课标II卷】阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___41___, Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I ___42___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___43___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___44___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___45___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___46___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___47___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___48___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___49___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____50____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____51____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____52____. These meals are always ____53____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____54____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____55____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 41. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle 44. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 45. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 44. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 45. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test 46. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed 47. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 48. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties 49. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth 50. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale 51. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 54. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for55. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 54. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities 55. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified 【答案】41. D 44. B 45. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. B 51. A 54. C 55. D 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。 41.考查名词词义辨析,句意:我喜欢在法国旅行,但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时,意大利显然是赢 家。A. study学习;B. rent租金;C. visit游览;D. settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知,此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。 42.考查动词词义辨析,句意:在我第一次访问意大利时,我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划;B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行;C. refused拒绝;D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知,此处指作者第一次到意大利,语言不通,很难沟通交流。故选B。 43.考查动词词义辨析,句意:我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起,当地人对我微笑,称赞我的语言技能。 A. string串起、连成一串;B. hang悬挂;C. mix混合;D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知,此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。 44.考查动词词义辨析,句意:我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起,当地人对我微笑,称赞我的语言技能。 A. improved改进;B. assessed评估;C. admired钦佩;D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知,此处指作者尝试说意大利语,当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。 故选D。 45.考查名词词义辨析,句意:这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程;B. barrier障碍;C. area区 域;D. test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me”可推知,此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。 46.考查形容词词义辨析,句意:当我把意大利作为永久的家后,我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open- minded思想开明的;B. strong-willed思想坚定的;C. warm-hearted热心的;D. well-informed见多识广的。 根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知,此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。 47.考查动词词义辨析,句意:邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪,还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车 窗。A. remind提醒;B. allow允许;C. persuade说服;D. order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm- hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知,此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门 前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。 48.考查名词词义辨析,句意:正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧;B. promises 承诺;C. acts行为;D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will cometo my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知,此处指邻居们的善举。 故选C。 49.考查名词词义辨析,句意:作为一个美食家,通往我内心的路是通过我的胃,没有什么地方能像意大利 那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心;B. success成功;C. appetite食欲;D. growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知,此处指做这是一个美食家,所以应该是刺激食 欲。故选C。 50.考查名词词义辨析,句意:每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴,每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A. costume服装;B. dish菜肴;C. symbol符号;D. tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知,此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故 选B。 51.考查动词词义辨析,句意:一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合;B. cheer欢呼;C. leave留下;D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知,此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。 52.考查动词短语辨析,句意:一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with克服;B. stand up for支持;C. come up with想出;D. make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知,此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。 53.考查动词词义辨析,句意:这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意;B. confirmed确认;C. represented代表;D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知,此处指家人们在一起用 餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。 54.考查名词词义辨析,句意:无论意大利的生活有什么缺点,一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐,这些 问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点;B. meanings含义;C. surprises惊喜;D. opportunities机会。根 据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知,此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。 55.考查动词词义辨析,句意:无论意大利的生活有什么缺点,一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐,这些 问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建;B. forgotten忘记;C. understood理解;D. identified确认。根据上文 “Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知,此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处,跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘 记不愉快。故选B。 【2024浙江1月卷】阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项。 While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 41 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 42 me on the train. My 43 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 44to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 47 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 48 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 49 as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 50 him asking at one point. It would have been easy to 51 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 52 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 53 me just how much one can gain from 54 with an open mind, and a willingness to 55 with locals from all walks of life. 41. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment 42. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached 43. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost 44. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right 45. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded 46. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding 47. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable 48. A. publish B. quote C. copy D. download 49. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students 50. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch 51. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with 52. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated 53. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised 54. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 55. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage 【答案】41. B42. D43. C44. A45. C46. A47. D48. B49. A50. C51. B52. D53. C54. A55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子,在交谈中发现, 年轻人见多识广、自学成才,是一个令人钦佩的人。 41.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时,其间我与一 个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的,最重要的是,美妙的邂逅,这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验;B. encounter邂逅;C. competition比赛;D. appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。42.考查动词词义辨析。句意:一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待;B. saved拯救;C. lectured演讲;D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈,可知一位年轻的中国 男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。 43,考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我的新朋友几乎不会说英语,所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中 文。A. true真的;B. so-called所谓的;C. new新的;D. long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知,两人是在火车上认识的,所以是新朋友。故选C。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的新朋友几乎不会说英语,所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。 A. chance机会;B. advice建议;C. trouble麻烦;D. right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知, 作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在几个小时里,他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校,以便 迅速找到一份工作,修建高速公路,以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访;B. financed提供资金;C. attended参加,上(学);D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知,指这个年轻人去 上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。 46.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在几个小时里,他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校,以便 迅速找到一份工作,修建高速公路,以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building 修建;B. sweeping 打扫;C. checking检查;D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知,年轻人修 建高速公路,以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。 47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时 学习。A. typical典型的;B. obvious显然的;C. natural自然的;D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文 “this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知,这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之 后花几个小时学习,这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话,然后再询问美国作家对文学的 整体影响。A. publish 出版;B. quote 引用;C. copy复制;D. download 下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话,故选B。 49.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话,然后再询问美国作家对文学 的整体影响。A. writers作者;B. historians历史学家;C. workers工人;D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解?)”可知,年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家 感兴趣。故选A。 50.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解?”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期; B. imagine想象;C. recall记起;D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知,作者在回忆年轻 人提过的问题。故选C。51.考查动词短语辨析。句意:对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者,我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查;B. rely on依靠;C. go over复习;D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知,年轻人从来没有离开 过离家几百英里的地方,因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。 52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well- behaved行为端正的;B. multi-skilled多技能的;C. warm-hearted热心的;D. self-educated自学的。呼应 上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后 花几个小时学习)”,指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。 53.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在几个小时的时间里,他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行,并愿意与来自各 行各业的当地人打交道,会有多么大的收获。A. asked 询问;B. warned 警告;C. showed 展示;D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可 以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在几个小时的时间里,他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行,并愿意与来自各 行各业的当地人打交道,会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行;B. reading阅读;C. searching搜索;D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行,所以是指 带着开放的心态旅行,故选A。 55.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在几个小时的时间里,他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行,并愿意与来自各 行各业的当地人打交道,会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作;B. side边;C. negotiate协商;D. engage 参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道,应用短语engage with表 示“与……接触”。故选D。 八、完形填空名校模拟(15空) (2024·广东·二模)It’s been over a year since I started my volunteer work as a caregiver at a well-known location here in Oklahoma. During a recent visit, I had a(n) 1 with a nurse there. We discussed how I ran into some issues with my right leg after a terrible fall. I was sharing how my new 2 led me to have to make some personal changes and so I 3 some at-home projects, such as a vegetable garden, a chicken pen, and my pet birds, when Judith wheeled over and politely introduced herself. She 4 offered me a like-new bird cage to replace my 5 one, and I gratefully accepted her 6 . When I went to Judith’s house to 7 the bird cage, she asked if I could 8 her for an upcoming surgery since she had no one else to rely on. I felt 9 to be chosen to take care of her after the 10 . Judith, who is also a 11 and has devoted many years to working as a hospital volunteer, truly12 to be treated with kindness and respect. This experience serves as a beautiful example of two 13 showing random act s of kindness towards each other. I firmly believe that everything happens for a reason, and I am truly 14 for the opportunity to care for Judith. In the future, should I ever need 15 , I hope to receive the same loving support. 1.A.date B.drink C.argument D.conversation 2.A.jobs B.rules C.challenges D.wishes 3.A.funded B.sold C.created D.studied 4.A.kindly B.proudly C.jokingly D.calmly 5.A.hanging B.struggling C.hand-made D.solar-powered 6.A.offer B.claim C.decision D.donation 7.A.look for B.pick up C.throw off D.put away 8.A.forgive B.thank C.interview D.accompany 9.A.honored B.prepared C.relaxed D.qualified 10.A.checkin B.accident C.operation D.examination 11.A.patient B.doctor C.cleaner D.caregiver 12.A.needs B.expects C.deserves D.continues 13.A.nurses B.elders C.visitors D.strangers 14.A.sorry B.grateful C.responsible D.famous 15.A.advice B.assistance C.information D.guidance 【答案】 1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.C 11.D 12.C 13.D 14.B 15.B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在医院当志愿者的时候遇到了护士朱迪思,两人在生活上 互相帮助,让作者意识到两个陌生人对彼此表现善意的一个很好的例子。 1.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在最近的一次访问中,我与那里的一位护士进行了一次交谈。A. date日期; B. drink 饮料;C. argument 争论;D. conversation 对话。根据后文“We discussed how I ran into some issues with my right leg after a terrible fall.(我们讨论了我的右腿在一次严重的跌倒后遇到的一些问题)”可知, 作者和护士进行了交谈。故选D。 2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我正在分享我的新挑战如何让我不得不做出一些个人改变,所以我在家里做 了一些项目,比如菜园、鸡圈和我的宠物鸟,这时朱迪思转过身来,礼貌地自我介绍。A. jobs工作;B. rules规则;C. challenges挑战;D. wishes希望。根据上文“We discussed how I ran into some issues with my right leg after a terrible fall.(我们讨论了我的右腿在一次严重的跌倒后遇到的一些问题)”可知,作者摔倒 腿受了伤,即面临新挑战。故选C。3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我正在分享我的新挑战如何让我不得不做出一些个人改变,所以我在家里做 了一些项目,比如菜园、鸡圈和我的宠物鸟,这时朱迪思转过身来,礼貌地自我介绍。A. funded资助;B. sold出售;C. created创造;D. studied学习。根据后文“some at-home projects, such as a vegetable garden, a chicken pen, and my pet birds”指作者在家创造了一些项目,比如菜园、鸡圈和我的宠物鸟,故选C。 4.考查副词词义辨析。句意:她好心地给了我一个崭新的鸟笼来代替我那只苦苦挣扎的鸟笼,我感激地接 受了她的提议。A. kindly善良地;B. proudly骄傲地;C. jokingly开玩笑地;D. calmly平静地。根据后文 “offered me a like-new bird cage to replace”指护士好心地给作者提供了一个新鸟笼。故选A。 5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她好心地给了我一个崭新的鸟笼来代替我那只苦苦挣扎的鸟笼,我感激地 接受了她的提议。A. hanging悬挂着的;B. struggling艰难奋斗的;C. hand-made手工制造的;D. solar- powered太阳能的。根据上文“offered me a like-new bird cage to replace my”提供新鸟笼是因为之前的鸟笼 旧了,苦苦挣扎。故选B。 6.考查动词名词辨析。句意:她好心地给了我一个崭新的鸟笼来代替我那只苦苦挣扎的鸟笼,我感激地接 受了她的提议。A. offer提议;B. claim声称;C. decision决定;D. donation捐赠。呼应上文“offered me a like-new bird cage”指接受对方的提议。故选A。 7.考查动词短语辨析。句意:当我去朱迪斯家取鸟笼时,她问我是否可以陪她去做一个即将到来的手术, 因为她没有其他人可以依靠。A. look for寻找;B. pick up捡起;C. throw off摆脱;D. put away放好。根 据后文“the bird cage”去对方家里是为了取鸟笼。故选B。 8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我去朱迪斯家取鸟笼时,她问我是否可以陪她去做一个即将到来的手术, 因为她没有其他人可以依靠。A. forgive原谅;B. thank感谢;C. interview采访;D. accompany陪伴。根据 后文“her for an upcoming surgery since she had no one else to rely on”可知,对方询问作者是否可以陪她去 做一个即将到来的手术,因为她没有其他人可以依靠。故选D。 9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我感到很荣幸被选中在手术后照顾她。A. honored荣幸的;B. prepared准 备好的;C. relaxed放松的;D. qualified取得资格的。根据后文“to be chosen to take care of her after the” 以及“to be treated with kindness and respect”可知,作者认为对方值得被善待和尊重,所以感到荣幸被选 中在手术后照顾她。故选A。 10.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我感到很荣幸被选中在手术后照顾她。A. checkin报到;B. accident事故; C. operation手术;D. examination检查。呼应上文“for an upcoming surgery”指手术后照顾对方。故选 C。 11.考查名词词义辨析。句意:朱迪思也是一名护理人员,多年来一直在医院做志愿者,她确实值得被善待 和尊重。A. patient 病人;B. doctor 医生;C. cleaner 清洁工;D. caregiver 护理人员。根据后文“has devoted many years to working as a hospital volunteer”可知,朱迪思也是一名护理人员,多年来一直在医院 做志愿者,故选D。12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:朱迪思也是一名护理人员,多年来一直在医院做志愿者,她确实值得被善 待和尊重。A. needs需要;B. expects期待;C. deserves值得;D. continues继续。根据上文“has devoted many years to working as a hospital volunteer”作者认为对方多年来一直在医院做志愿者,确实值得被善待 和尊重。故选C。 13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这段经历是两个陌生人对彼此表现善意的一个很好的例子。A. nurses护士; B. elders老者;C. visitors游客;D. strangers陌生人。根据上文可知,作者是在医院做志愿者意外认识护士 朱迪思的,而作者也帮助了朱迪思,所以两个人是陌生人的关系。故选D。 14.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我坚信任何事情的发生都是有原因的,我真的很感激能有机会照顾朱迪 思。A. sorry 抱歉的;B. grateful 感谢的;C. responsible 负责的;D. famous 出名的。根据上文“I felt honored to be chosen to take care of her after the operation.”提到作者对照顾朱迪思感到荣幸,所以感激能 有机会照顾朱迪思。故选B。 15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在未来,如果我需要帮助,我希望得到同样的爱的支持。A. advice建议; B. assistance帮助;C. information信息;D. guidance指导。根据后文“I hope to receive the same loving support”指作者需要帮助的时候,希望得到同样的爱和支持。故选B。 (2024·广东茂名·二模)It was a busy morning for me. As I was walking I saw an old lady, maybe in her 80s, standing quite close to the traffic. Although my mind was 16 , I thought I should warn her. When I 17 the spot, I noticed that she was trying to get attention of passers-by but they were too busy to 18 her. When I tried to gently move her back to a safe place, she said she had 19 her key in the middle of the road. I looked around but no one stopped. I knew I was getting 20 but decided to help. On the road were office goers in cars as well as school buses 21 with children. It was the 22 time of the day to cross a busy road without a traffic light. I carefully stepped onto the road waving my hands wild with 23 almost expecting to be hit by an oncoming vehicle. I moved on to the middle of the road 24 to wave my hand. Just then a school bus was approaching me and I 25 walked in front of it to stop it. My experience has been that school bus drivers are always 26 of reckless (鲁莽的) pedestrians like me. I won. I quickly picked up the key and ran back to 27 the key to her. Having watched my actions from the bus, the school children let out a 28 and clapped. As I turned to continue my hurried walk, the old lady pulled me by my hand and gave me a big warm 29 . I felt so happy and relieved, hoping the school children who were watching me would do the same when their 30 comes. 16.A.confused B.refreshed C.distracted D.occupied 17.A.found B.passed C.reached D.marked 18.A.catch up with B.take note of C.make room for D.look up to 19.A.dropped B.poured C.drawn D.thrown20.A.injured B.trapped C.interrupted D.delayed 21.A.rushing B.talking C.barking D.withdrawing 22.A.latest B.worst C.longest D.funniest 23.A.surprise B.fear C.excitement D.delight 24.A.continuing B.attempting C.starting D.pretending 25.A.humbly B.adventurously C.courageously D.awkwardly 26.A.considerate B.ignorant C.sick D.proud 27.A.lend B.introduce C.promise D.return 28.A.sigh B.whisper C.cheer D.laughter 29.A.welcome B.hug C.treat D.applause 30.A.choice B.arrangement C.turn D.will 【答案】 16.D 17.C 18.B 19.A 20.D 21.A 22.B 23.B 24.A 25.C 26.A 27.D 28.C 29.B 30.C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者穿过繁忙的马路帮助一位老人捡回钥匙的经历。 16.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:虽然我的脑子里满是心事,但我想我应该提醒她。A. confused迷惑的; B. refreshed精神振作的;C. distracted注意力分散的;D. occupied忙的。根据上文中的“It was a busy morning for me.”可知,对作者来说,这是一个繁忙的清晨,由此可知,此处指的是作者满是心事。故选D 项。 17.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我到达现场时,我注意到她试图引起路人的注意,但他们太忙了,没有 注意到她。A. found发现;B. passed通过;C. reached到达;D. marked标记。根据上文中的“Although my mind was ___1___ , I thought I should warn her.”可知,作者虽然心事重重,但仍然认为应该提醒她,结 合下文中的“I noticed that she was trying to get attention of passers-by”可知,作者注意到她想引起路人的 注意,由此可知推断,此处指的是作者“到达”现场后注意到的场景。故选C项。 18.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:当我到达现场时,我注意到她试图引起路人的注意,但他们太忙了, 没有注意到她。A. catch up with赶上;B. take note of注意到;C. make room for为……腾出空间;D. look up to尊敬。根据上文中的“I noticed that she was trying to get attention of passers-by”可知,注意到她试图 引起路人的注意,结合but可知,此处表示的是没有人“注意到”她,符合语境。故选B项。 19.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我试图轻轻地把她移到一个安全的地方时,她说她把钥匙掉在路中间了。 A. dropped掉落;B. poured倒,泼;C. drawn吸引;D. thrown抛,投,扔。根据下文中的“I quickly picked up the key and ran back to ___12___ the key to her.”可知,作者迅速的捡回那把钥匙,由此可推断,此处指的是她把钥匙“掉到”路中间,符合语境。故选A项。 20.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我知道我迟到了,但还是决定帮忙。A. injured受伤;B. trapped困住;C. interrupted中断;D. delayed迟到。根据上文中的“It was a busy morning for me.”可知,对作者来说这是 一个繁忙的早上,结合下文中的“but decided to help.”可知,作者仍决定去帮忙,由此可推断,作者认为自 己可能是“迟到”了,符合语境。故选D项。 21.考查动词词义辨析。句意:路上有开车上班的人,也有载着孩子们快速前进的校车。A. rushing快速前 进;B. talking谈论;C. barking(狗)吠叫;D. withdrawing撤退。根据下文中的“to cross a busy road without a traffic light.”可知,穿过没有红绿灯的繁忙道路,由此可知,此处指的是路上校车带着孩子们“快 速前进”符合语境。故选A项。 22.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这是一天中穿过没有红绿灯的繁忙道路的最糟糕的时间。A. latest最新的; B. worst最糟糕的;C. longest最长的;D. funniest最有趣的。根据常识和下文中的“to cross a busy road without a traffic light.”可知,穿过没有红绿灯的繁忙道路,这应该是“最糟糕的”时间,符合语境。故选B 项。 23.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我小心翼翼地走上马路,害怕地挥舞着双手,几乎以为会被迎面而来的车 辆撞到。A. surprise 惊讶;B. fear 害怕;C. excitement 兴奋;D. delight 高兴。根据语境和下文中的 “almost expecting to be hit by an oncoming vehicle.”可知,几乎预料到会被行驶中的车辆撞到作者,由此可 知,此处应是作者“害怕地”挥舞着双手,符合语境。故选B项。 24.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我走到路中间,继续挥手。A. continuing继续;B. attempting尝试;C. starting开始;D. pretending假装。根据上文中的“I carefully stepped onto the road waving my hands”可知, 作者小心地走上马路,并挥舞着双手,结合下文中的“wave my hand.”可知,此处再次提到挥舞着手,由此 可知,此处应指的是作者“继续”挥舞着手,符合语境。故选A项。 25.考查副词词义辨析。句意:就在这时,一辆校车向我驶来,我勇敢地走到前面拦住了它。A. humbly谦 虚地;B. adventurously爱冒险地;C. courageously勇敢地;D. awkwardly笨拙地。根据上文中的“Just then a school bus was approaching me”可知,这时一辆小车朝着作者驶过来,结合下文中的“walked in front of it to stop it.”可知,作者却走到车前拦住了校车,由此可知,此处应指的是作者“勇敢地”拦住校车, 符合语境。故选C项。 26.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我的经验是,校车司机总是体谅像我这样鲁莽的行人。A. considerate考 虑周到的;B. ignorant无知的;C. sick生病的;D. proud自豪的。根据语境和上文中的“My experience has been that school bus drivers are always”以及下文中的“I won.”可知,作者赢了,也就是说作者凭借着 经验认为校车司机会“体贴”像作者这样鲁莽的行人突然出现在快速前进的车前,符合语境。故选A项。 27.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我赶紧捡起钥匙,跑回去把钥匙还给她。A. lend外借;B. introduce介绍; C. promise 答应;D. return 归还。根据上文中的“she said she had ___4___ her key in the middle of theroad.”可知,作者是帮助一位老人去捡拾掉落在路中间,结合“I quickly picked up the key and ran back to” 可知,作者快速的拾起钥匙应该是“归还”给老人,符合语境。故选D项。 28.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在公共汽车上看到我的举动后,学生们发出了欢呼和掌声。A. sigh叹气; B. whisper低语;C. cheer欢呼;D. laughter大笑。根据下文中的“and clapped.”可知,学生们给作者鼓掌 结合and可知,此处与“鼓掌”为并列关系,所以此处应为“欢呼”符合语境。故选C项。 29.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我转身继续我匆忙的行走时,老太太拉着我的手,给了我一个大大的温 暖的拥抱。A. welcome欢迎;B. hug拥抱;C. treat对待;D. applause掌声。根据上文中的“As I turned to continue my hurried walk, the old lady pulled me by my hand and gave me a big warm”可知,作者转身要离 开的时候,老人拉住了作者的手,结合下文中的“I felt so happy and relieved”可知,作者感到很高兴,由 此可推断,此处指的是老人给了作者一个大大的“拥抱”符合语境。故选B项。 30.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我感到很高兴,也松了一口气,希望那些看着我的学生在轮到他们的机会 出现时也能这样做。A. choice选择;B. arrangement安排;C. turn(依次轮到的)机会,转向;D. will意 愿。根据上文中的“hoping the school children who were watching me would do the same”可知,此处是作者 给校车上看到这一场景的孩子们提出的希望,所以,此处应指的是轮到他们的这样的“机会”出现时,他 们也能像作者一样这样做。故选C项。 (2024·江苏南京·模拟预测)In 2014, Amy collapsed from a brain hemorrhage (脑溢血) while working. After a year recovering at home, she 31 a course with the ambition to become a 32 . However, occasional vision disturbance was still 33 , influencing the amount of 34 she could give to the course. Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. It’s particularly 35 because it seemed to 36 her optimism to be a painter! One morning, when watching the sunrise, she suddenly felt a sense of 37 . She realized that she may not 38 a whole face anymore, but it shouldn’t stop her from putting what she could see on canvas (画布). The following years, she 39 her special art journey. “Strangely, my experience has increased my 40 when drawing, enabling me to catch a character better,” she explains. “People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character. I have more determination and appreciation for my 41 . These are 42 I wouldn’t have had without everything I’ve 43 .” For her new touring exhibition, she has produced a series of artworks based on her visual experience. “In the 44 interaction between what I can and cannot see lies my perspective on the world.” Sometimes, we can tur a loss into a gain: something unique and individual that has been gifted to us by never 45 .31.A.made use of B.looked forward to C.signed up for D.took pride in 32.A.teacher B.doctor C.worker D.painter 33.A.present B.unnoticed C.unusual D.strange 34.A.credit B.energy C.instruction D.donation 35.A.disappointing B.exciting C.inspiring D.depressing 36.A.ruin B.boost C.spread D.express 37.A.achievement B.thankfulness C.belongings D.security 38.A.see B.touch C.draw D.cover 39.A.shared B.concluded C.started D.recalled 40.A.eyesight B.sensitivity C.taste D.attention 41.A.talent B.choice C.role D.vision 42.A.gifts B.challenges C.awards D.pains 43.A.relied on B.gone after C.survived through D.thought of 44.A.active B.misty C.social D.regular 45.A.losing B.leaving C.quitting D.failing 【答案】31.C 32.D 33.A 34.B 35.D 36.A 37.B 38.A 39.C 40.B 41.D 42.A 43.C 44.B 45.C 【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述得了脑溢血的艾米在康复后视力模糊,但仍然坚持成为一名画 家的故事。 31.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:在家康复一年后,她报名参加了一门课程,立志成为一名画家。A. made use of利用;B. looked forward to期待;C. signed up for报名参加;D. took pride in以……骄傲。根 据下文“a course with the ambition to become a 3 2 .”可知,在艾米康复之后去报名参加了一门课程。故 选C。 32.考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第 1题详解。A. teacher老师;B. doctor医生;C. worker工人;D. painter画家。根据下文“...it seemed to 3 6 her optimism to be a painter!”可知,艾米是打算成为一名画 家。故选D。 33.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,偶尔的视觉障碍仍然存在,影响了她在课程中所能给予的能量。 A. present存在,现在的;B. unnoticed没有注意到的;C. unusual不同寻常的;D. strange奇怪的。根据下 文“influencing the amount of 3 4 she could give to the course”可知,偶尔的视觉障碍影响了她,所以 是仍然存在的。故选A。 34.考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第 3题详解。A. credit信用;B. energy精力;C. instruction指示;D. donation捐赠。根据上文“occasional vision disturbance was still 3 3 ”可知,偶尔的视觉障碍仍然存在, 所以影响了她在课程中所能给予的精力和能量。故选B。35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这尤其令人沮丧的,因为这似乎破坏了她作为一名画家的乐观精神!A. disappointing令人失望的;B. exciting令人兴奋的;C. inspiring令人鼓舞的;D. depressing令人沮丧的。根 据上文“Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure.”可知,作为一名画家却很难看到整个人物,这是尤其令人沮丧的事情。故选D。 36.考查动词词义辨析。句意:见第5题详解。A. ruin毁灭;B. boost促进;C. spread展开;D. express表 达。根据上文“Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure.”可知,很难看到整个人物会毁了画家的未来,也毁了她的积极性。故选A。 37.考查名词词义辨析。句意:一天早上,在看日出的时候,她突然感到一种感激之情。A. achievement成 就;B. thankfulness感谢;C. belongings所有物;D. security安全。根据下文“She realized that she may not 3 8 a whole face anymore, but it shouldn’t stop her from putting what she could see on canvas (画布).”可知,艾米意识到她仍然可以画画,所以应该是有感激之情。故选B。 38.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她意识到,她可能再也看不到整张脸了,但这不应该阻止她把能看到的东 西放在画布上。A. see看见;B. touch触摸;C. draw画画;D. cover盖。根据上文“Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure.”可知,艾米看 不到整张脸。故选A。 39.考查动词词义辨析。句意:接下来的几年,她开始了自己特殊的艺术之旅。A. shared 分享;B. concluded总结;C. started开始;D. recalled回忆。根据下文““Strangely, my experience has increased my 4 0 when drawing, enabling me to catch a character better,” she explains.”可知,艾米开始了她的绘 画旅程。故选C。 40.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她解释道:“奇怪的是,我的经历增加了我画画时的敏感度,使我能够更 好地捕捉角色。”A. eyesight 视线;B. sensitivity 敏感;C. taste 味道;D. attention 注意力。根据下文 “enabling me to catch a character better”和“People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character.”可知,艾米可以更好地捕捉到角色,所以她的经历增加了画画时的敏感度。故选B。 41.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我对自己的视觉有了更多的决心和欣赏。A. talent才能;B. choice选择;C. role角色;D. vision视觉。根据上文“Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure.”可知,艾米的视力有问题,所以随着绘画的继续,她对自己 的视觉有了更多的决心和欣赏。故选D。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果没有我所经历的一切,这些都是我无法拥有的礼物。A. gifts礼物;B. challenges挑战;C. awards 奖励;D. pains 痛苦。根据上文“People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character. I have more determination and appreciation for my 4 1 .”和下文 “something unique and individual that has been gifted to us”可知,艾米在经历一切磨难之后应该是会把获 得的一切看做是她的礼物。故选A。43.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:见第 12题详解。A. relied on依赖;B. gone after追随;C. survived through经历,幸存下来;D. thought of考虑。根据上文“The following years, she 3 9 her special art journey.”可知,这里应该是指艾米的这些经历。故选C。 44.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在我能看到的和看不到的模糊互动中,隐藏着我对世界的看法。A. active 积极的;B. misty模糊的;C. social社会的;D. regular有规律的。根据下文“interaction between what I can and cannot see”可知,在能看到的和看不到的事物之间就是模糊的。故选B。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意:有时,我们可以将损失转化为收益:一种独特的、个性化的东西,通过永 不放弃而赋予我们。A. losing失去;B. leaving离开;C. quitting放弃;D. failing失败。根据上文“One morning, when watching the sunrise, she suddenly felt a sense of 3 7 . She realized that she may not 3 8 a whole face anymore, but it shouldn’t stop her from putting what she could see on canvas (画布). The following years, she 3 9 her special art journey.”可知,艾米的成就都归功于她的坚持和不放弃。故 选C。 (2024·江苏盐城·三模)Tucked away in Tongxiang city, Zhejiang province, the captivating water town of Puyuan is 46 in history and elegance. Recently, this ancient haven has 47 on a remarkable project, merging reality with literature by vividly reenacting scenes from a renowned classic. From late June to the end of August, Puyuan 48 into a living, breathing canvas where the book’s antiquated lifestyle is resurrected, beckoning visitors into a realm where time stands still. As one 49 into the scenic area, the bustling world outside fades away, replaced by the allure of the past. With maps in hand, tourists 50 into participants in an interactive journey, unearthing the daily rhythms of ancient life. Each guest assumes an identity 51 in the era, immersing themselves in a series of quests that 52 history with intrigue. At the heart of this experience are the immersive activities and 53 encounters. Staff, clad in exquisite Song Dynasty attire, act as NPCs—non-player characters—enriching the visitor’s adventure with 54 dialogue and challenges. This approach doesn’t merely 55 the literary work; it crafts a participatory narrative, enabling guests to feel the pulse of history. The initiative fosters 56 engagement, transforming observers into protagonists of their own historical saga. Through this fusion of ancient narratives and modern exploration, Puyuan not only 57 its cultural legacy but also invigorates it, ensuring that the echoes of the past resonate with the present. Under the soft glow of lanterns, the whispers of the ancients mingle with the excited chatter of modern-day travelers, 58 a tapestry of tradition and discovery. Puyuan, with its doors wide open, 59 curious souls to step inside and live the legends of old, offering a rare opportunity to 60 the boundaries of time and immerse oneself in the vibrant hues of China’s storied past.46.A.shrouded B.soaked C.steeped D.submerged 47.A.launched B.embarked C.initiated D.started 48.A.transforms B.changes C.evolves D.shifts 49.A.ventures B.steps C.walks D.enters 50.A.turn B.convert C.transform D.change 51.A.rooted B.grounded C.based D.established 52.A.blends B.mixes C.combines D.merges 53.A.interactive B.engaging C.dynamic D.responsive 54.A.genuine B.real C.authentic D.true 55.A.displays B.exhibits C.shows D.presents 56.A.active B.passive C.indirect D.direct 57.A.preserves B.maintains C.keeps D.retains 58.A.creating B.weaving C.knitting D.forming 59.A.invites B.calls C.summons D.welcomes 60.A.cross B.jump C.leap D.traverse 【答案】46.C 47.B 48.A 49.A 50.C 51.A 52.A 53.A 54.C 55.B 56.A 57.A 58.B 59.A 60.D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了位于浙江省桐乡市的濮院,是一个历史与优雅并存的迷人水乡。 46.考查动词词义辨析。句意:坐落在浙江省桐乡的迷人水乡——濮院,历史与优雅并存。A. shrouded笼 罩;B. soaked浸泡;C. steeped使沉浸;D. submerged淹没。根据句意以及下文“history and elegance”由 此可知,此处应表示濮院沉浸在历史与优雅中。be steeped in“沉浸于”为固定短语。故选C项。 47.考查动词词义辨析。句意:最近,这个古老的港湾开始了一项非凡的工程,通过生动地重现著名经典 中的场景,将现实与文学结合起来。A. launched发射;B. embarked开始;C. initiated发起;D. started开 始。根据上文“Recently”以及下文“a remarkable project”由此可知,此处应表示这个古老的港湾开始了一 项非凡的工程。embark on“开始”为固定短语。故选B项。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意:从6月下旬到8月底,濮院变成了一个活生生的、会呼吸的画布,书中古老 的生活方式在这里复活,吸引着游客进入一个时间静止的领域。A. transforms变成;B. changes改变;C. evolves进化;D. shifts转移。根据句意以及下文“a living, breathing canvas”由此可知,此处应表示濮院变 成了一个活生生的、会呼吸的画布。transform into“转变成”为固定短语。故选A项。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当一个人冒险进入景区,外面熙熙攘攘的世界消失了,取而代之的是过去 的诱惑。A. ventures冒险;B. steps迈步;C. walks步行;D. enters进入。根据下文“enriching the visitor’s adventure with ___9___ dialogue and challenges.”提到冒险,由此可知,此处应表示一个人冒险进入景区看 到的景象。venture into“冒险进入”为固定短语。故选A项。50.考查动词词义辨析。句意:手里拿着地图,游客们变成了互动旅程的参与者,发掘古代生活的日常节 奏。A. turn 转动,求助;B. convert 转换;C. transform 转变;D. change 改变。 根据句意以及下文 “participants in an interactive journey”由此可知,此处应表示游客们变成了互动旅程的参与者。transform into“转变成”为固定短语。故选C项。 51.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每个游客都有一个植根于时代的身份,沉浸在一系列融合了历史和阴谋的 任务中。A. rooted根植于;B. grounded以……为根据;C. based基于;D. established建立。根据上文“an identity”以及下文“in the era”由此可知,此处应表示每个客人都有一个植根于时代的身份。故选A项。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每个游客都有一个植根于时代的身份,沉浸在一系列融合了历史和阴谋的 任务中。A. blends混合,融合;B. mixes混合;C. combines结合;D. merges合并。根据句意以及下文 “history with intrigue”由此可知,此处应表示沉浸在一系列融合了历史和阴谋的任务中。blend with“与……混合,与……融合”为固定短语。故选A项。 53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这种体验的核心是沉浸式活动和互动体验。A. interactive互动的;B. engaging 参与的;C. dynamic 充满活力的;D. responsive 反应迅速的。根据上文“At the heart of this experience are the immersive activities”由此可知,此处应表示这种体验的核心是沉浸式活动和互动体验。故 选A项。 54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:工作人员穿着精致的宋朝服装,扮演 NPCs (非玩家角色),用真实的对话 和挑战丰富游客的冒险。A. genuine真正的;B. real真正的;C. authentic逼真的;D. true真实的。根据句 意以及下文“dialogue and challenges”由此可知,此处应表示用真实的对话和挑战丰富游客的冒险。故选C 项。 55.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这种方法并不仅仅是文学作品展览。A. displays扮演;B. exhibits展览;C. shows表明,展示;D. presents呈现。根据句意以及下文“the literary work”由此可知,此处应表示这种方 法并不仅仅是文学作品展览。故选B项。 56.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:该倡议促进了积极参与,将观察员转变为各自历史传奇的主角。A. active 积极的; B. passive 被动的;C. indirect 间接的;D. direct 直接的。根据下文“…engagement, transforming observers into protagonists of their own historical saga”由此可知,此处应表示该倡议促进了积 极参与,将观察员转变为各自历史传奇的主角。故选A项。 57.考查动词词义辨析。句意:通过这种古代叙事与现代探索的融合,濮院不仅保留了其文化遗产,而且 使其充满活力,确保过去的回声与现在共鸣。A. preserves保留;B. maintains维持;C. keeps保持;D. retains保持。根据句意以及下文“its cultural legacy but also invigorates it”,由此可知,此处应表示濮院不 仅保留了其文化遗产,而且使其充满活力。故选A项。 58.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在柔和的灯光下,古人的窃窃私语与现代旅行者兴奋的交谈交织在一起, 编织着传统与发现的织锦。A. creating创造;B. weaving编织;C. knitting联合;D. forming形成。根据句意以及下文“a tapestry of tradition and discovery.”由此可知,此处应表示古人的窃窃私语与现代旅行者兴 奋的交谈交织在一起,编织着传统与发现的织锦。故选B项。 59.考查动词词义辨析。句意:濮院的大门敞开,邀请好奇的心灵走进来,体验古老的传说,这是一个难 得的机会,可以穿越时间的界限,沉浸在中国历史悠久的充满活力的色彩中。A. invites邀请;B. calls号召; C. summons传唤;D. welcomes欢迎。根据句意以及下文“curious souls to step inside”由此可知,此处应表 示濮院的大门敞开,邀请好奇的心灵走进来。故选A项。 60.考查动词词义辨析。句意:濮院的大门敞开,邀请好奇的心灵走进来,体验古老的传说,这是一个难 得的机会,可以穿越时间的界限,沉浸在中国历史悠久的充满活力的色彩中。A. cross交叉;B. jump跳; C. leap飞跃;D. traverse穿越。根据句意以及下文“the boundaries of time”由此可知,此处应表示这是一 个难得的机会,可以穿越时间的界限,沉浸在中国历史悠久的充满活力的色彩中。故选D项。