文档内容
【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单
专题21 代词四大类七要点（讲案）原卷版
（快问快答+思维导图+精讲精练+真题分类+原创语填）
目录
一、代词用法快问快答 P1
二、代词考点思维导图 P 2
三、代词用法考点清单 P 2
考点清单一、it 的用法 P2
考点清单二、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词用法 P 4
考点清单三、指示代词用法 P 5
考点清单四、不定代词用法 P 6
四、代词用法分类训练 P 7
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题） P 7
分类训练（二）单句改错（高考真题） P 8
分类训练（三）单句填空（模拟试题） P 8
分类训练（四）语法填空（外刊原创） P 9
创纪录的英国学生暑期来访中国 P9
一、代词用法快问快答
Q1：代词有哪些种类？
A1：代词是英语常见词类，种类丰富，包含人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、关系代词、
连接代词等。
Q2：使用代词需要注意什么？
A2：首先需要注意代词的基本用法和使用场合要求，其次要注意积累代词固定搭配。
Q3：如何才能学好代词？
A3：一要构建好代词的知识网络，二要了解代词的基本用法，三要学以致用，查漏补缺。
Q4：学好代词有什么意义？
A4：一能提高使用语言的准确性，二能在写作中尝试使用高级句式进一步提升句子表达力。二、代词用法思维导图
三、代词用法考点清单
考点清单一、it的用法
要点精讲1： it六种典型用法
it典型场合 典型示例
替代it：it用作人称代 Learning is a bitter root, but it bears sweet fruit.学习根苦果甜。
词，用来指代事物或 I bought a chair. It is made of wood.我买了一把椅子。它是木头做的。
上文提到过的内容。 The baby cried because it was hungry. 这个婴儿饿得啼哭。
代词it: it指时间、距 It's 112 miles from London to Birmingham.从伦敦到伯明翰有112英里。
离、天气等。 What time is it? It’s two-thirty. 几点了？现在是两点半。
形式it: it作形式主
He found it exciting riding the roller coaster. 他觉得坐过山车很刺激。
语、宾语，不定式、
It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
动名词或从句作真正
It's a pity that you have to go so soon.很遗憾你这么快就得走了。
主语
强调it: it用在强调句 It was his parents that he turned to for advice.他向父母寻求建议。
it's …who/that…中强 It was two years ago that I began to learn drawing. 正是在两年前我
调主语，宾语或状语 开始学习绘画。I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.我按时完成工作得感谢
无实义it: it仅构成句
你。
型，无实义
I'll see to it that everything is ready in time.我会确保一切按时准备好。
Believe it or not , Tom got married last week.信不信由你汤姆上周结
习语it: it用于一些习
婚了。
惯搭配中
We made it to the summit of the mountain. 我们成功的登上了山顶。
要点精讲2：it作形式主语/宾语的高频句型
场合 示例
①It is a pity/shame that ... 真可惜……
②It is no wonder that ... 难怪……
③It seems/appears that ... 似乎/看来……
④It looks/seems as if/as though ...看起来好像……
⑤It happens that ... 碰巧……
it作形式主语
⑥It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ...某人突然想起……
⑦It is said/reported that ... 据说/据报道……
⑧It is certain that ... ……是一定的
⑨It is no use/good doing ... 做……没有用/好处
⑩It takes sb some time to do...做……花费某人若干时间
①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋adj./n.＋for/of sb to do/that…从句
it作形式宾语
②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋no use/a waste of time＋doing ...
即时训练一：结合语境用适当的词填空。
1. (全国2012II)Sarah made to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
2. (陕西2012) No matter where he is, he makes _____a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
3. It was along the Mississippi River ______Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
4.I’d appreciate _________ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
5.Will you see to _____ that my birds are well looked after while I am away？
6.___________was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors．
7.Susan made _________clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself．
8.____ is impossible for us to finish the design before National Day.
9. _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
10. ________ is no wonder that he failed the exam.
即时训练二：用含it句型翻译下列各句。
11.____________________(我突然想到) I had left my key at home.
12. ____________________(真可惜) he missed the first flight.
13. ____________________(争吵没有用) with him; he will never listen.
14.I ____________________(清楚表明) he had nothing to do with the matter.
15. ____________________(在午夜) that I got back home yesterday.
考点清单二、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词用法
要点精讲1：
人称代词 物主代词
类别 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性主语、表语、 宾语、表语、
功能 主语 宾语、表语 定语
宾语 同位语
单数 I me my mine myself
第一人
称
复数 we us our ours ourselves
单数 you you your yours yourself
第二人
称
复数 you you your yours yourselves
he him his his himself
单数 she her her hers herself
第三人
称
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
You, he and I are in different classes. 你、他和我都在不同班级。
Give me a challenge, and I will meet it with joy. 让我迎接挑战，我会欣然接受。
He invited some friends of his to his party. 他邀请了他的一些朋友参加宴会。
The child looked at himself in the mirror with interest. 那个孩子饶有兴趣地看着镜子里的自己。
要点精讲2：反身代词
①基本用法
反身代词
②常见搭配
场合 示例
by oneself 独自地 for oneself 替自己；为自己
与介词搭配
of oneself 自动地 in oneself 本质上；本身
apply oneself to 专心致志于 behave oneself 举止得体；行为检点
dress oneself 打扮；自己穿衣 devote oneself to 致力于；献身于
与动词搭配 help oneself to 随便吃/用 enjoy oneself 玩得开心
seat oneself 就座；入席 make yourself at home 别客气
teach oneself 自学
即时训练一：在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Jim’s name is on the umbrella. It must belong to ________(he).
2.We must keep reminding _________(we) that it is easier to get into something than it is to get out of it.
3. Our neighbors gave _____(we) a baby bird yesterday that hurt ______(it) when it fell from its nest.
4. Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting, addressed _________to________ (she) and then
posted it at the nearby post office.
5. Treat _________to a glass of wine to help you relax at the end of the day.
即时训练二：完成句子。
6. It's time somebody taught you how to ______________(表现得体).
7. ______________(随便吃) some shrimp. It's fresh.
8. Won't you take a seat and ______________(别客气)?
9. You take everything too seriously! Relax and ______________(玩得开心).
10. After he has retired, he will ______________(致力于) gardening.
考点清单三、 指示代词用法
要点精讲：
典型用法 典型示例--Where's your car?--It's in the garage.--你的汽车在哪儿？--在车库里。
it代指上文提到的同一人、同
Start a new file and put this letter in it. 建立一个新档案，把这封信放
一物
进去。
The population of China is larger than that one. 中国人口比日本多。
that指代上文提到的不可数名
The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Hainan.北京的天气比海南
词或单数名词
冷。
those特指上文提到的复数名 The houses in Zhengzhou are cheaper than those in Beijing. 郑州的房屋比北
词 京房屋便宜。
I lost my old camera; this is a new one. 我的旧相机丢了，这是一个新
one 泛指上文提到的可数名
的。
词，前有定语
I'd like an apple. Are you having one, too? 我想买吃苹果，你也要吗？
Green apples often taste better than red ones. 青苹果往往比红苹果好
ones代替泛指的复数名词
吃。
the one特指上文提到的单数 This school is the one we visited last week. 这是我上周参观的那个学校。
名词 Our house is the one next to the school. 我家的房子就是学校旁边的那座。
the ones特指上文提到的复数 Don’t buy the expensive apples; buy the cheaper ones.别买那价钱贵的苹果，
名词 买那便宜的。
such倒装句，考虑就近一致 Such is the result of the contest. 这就是竞赛的结果。
即时训练：在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. (全国2012II) Sarah made ______ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
2. (浙江2012) Studying Wendy's menu, I found that many of the items are similar to ______ of McDonald's.
3.(福建2011)We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose ______ based on your own interests.
4. (辽宁2009) ______ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.
5. (山东2010) Helping others is a habit, _______ you can learn even at an early age.
6. (重庆2011)--Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.
--What do you think of ______ over there?
7.At our factory there are a few machines similar to _______ described in this magazine.
8. Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _________who had already taken them.
9. My pen is missing. I still haven’t found _________. I want to buy a new _______.
10. The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than ________ in the newspaper.
考点清单四、不定代词用法
要点精讲1：each, both, all等不定代词用法
典型用法 典型示例
each指两者或两者以上中每个 They each have their own email address. 他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地
址。
both表示“两者都” Both his mother and his father will be there. 他父母二人都要去那里。
all指“(三者或三者以上)全部” All five men are hard workers. 五个人全都工作努力。
either表示“(两者中的)任何一 You can park on either side of the street. 这条街两边都可停车。
个”
neither表示“两者都不” Neither of my parents speaks a foreign language. 我的父母都不会说外语。
none表示“(三者或三者以上)全 We have three sons but none of them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子，但他们都不
无，没有一点” 住在附近。
nothing表示“没有任何东西” The doctor said there was nothing wrong with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。
another泛指“(三者或三者以上 Heavy rains continued another three days. 大雨持续了三天。
中的)另一，又一” Would you like another drink? 还想喝一杯吗？
other泛指“其余的”，只作定语 Are there any other questions? 还有其他问题没有？
others“另一些” Don't expect others to read your mind. 不要期望别人能看出你的心思。
the other特指两者之中的另一个 He raised one arm and then the other. 他先举起一只手，然后举起另一只。
the others“剩余的一些” I walked back while the others rode in the car. 别人都乘车，而我是走回来的。即时训练一：结合语境用both, all, either, neither, none, nothing填空。
1. My brother would like to buy a good watch but _______was available from that shop. (江西2012)
2.---Would you like tea or coffee?
---_______ , thank you. I've just had some water. (辽宁2011)
3. Of all the books on the desk, __________is of any use for our study. (四川2006)
4. They produced two reports, ______ of which contained any useful suggestions. (上海2011春)
5. You may drop in or just give me a call. _______ will do. (安徽2006)
6.Both teams were in hard training; __________was willing to lose the game.
7. I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _______ of them answered it.
8.On _________ side/On _______sides of the road were green fields and some farm house.
9. –How do you find your classmates?
–Most of them are kind, but ______ is so good to me as Bruce.
10. He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _______ of them again．
即时训练二：结合语境用something, anything, nothing, everything填空。
11. (全国2017)I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with _________.
12. (全国2011II)I got this bicycle for _________: My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one.
13. (四川2011)There is _________ in his words. We should have a try.
14. (湖南2011)I know that_________ would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.
15. She couldn't see or hear_________ at all.
即时训练三：结合语境用other, others, another, the other, the others填空。
16. (重庆2013)Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is________.
17. (全国2010 I)I'll spend half of my holiday practicing English and _________ half learning drawing.
18. (四川2008) The manager believes prices will not rise by __________ four percent.
19. (上海2006春)Both sides have accused _________of breaking the contract.
20.It is very necessary that children should be taught how to get along with_________.
21.Jack is hard-working and intelligent. In _________ words, I can’t speak too highly of him.
22. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and ______ animals.
23. There are five language labs here. One is on the second floor and _________ are in the third floor.
24. To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against _______.
25. I don't know any French people _________ than you.
要点精讲2：
典型用法 典型示例
few修饰可数名词，否定含义，“几乎没 The last few winters have been very cold过去几个冬天
有” 都很冷。
a few修饰可数名词，肯定含义，“几个； I have a few friends, but my younger sister has very few. 我有
一些” 一些朋友，但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。
little修饰不可数名词，否定含义，“几乎没 There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。
有”
a little修饰不可数名词，肯定含义，“一 She can speak a little French, but she knows little English.她
点” 能讲点法语，但她几乎不懂英语。
many修饰可数名词，肯定含义，“许多” We don't have very many copies left. 我们所剩的册数不
多。
much修饰不可数名词，肯定含义，“许 I don't have much money with me. 我没带多少钱。
多”
即时训练四：结合语境用上述单词或词组的适当形式填空。1.I try to visit my parents every ________ weeks.
2.He was advised to smoke ________ cigarettes and drink ________ beer.
3.But after the phone call, the journalist promised to ask ________ friends to teach him.
4.New drivers have twice as ________many accidents as experienced drivers.
5.Teenagers who are addicted to the Internet are ________ likely to suffer from depression.
四、代词用法分类训练
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）
1. (2024九省联考卷)However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster,
and they can feel proud of (they).
2.（2024全国甲卷）This area, with 66 (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for
all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park.
3.（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the
steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents.
4.（2022 全国乙卷）The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening
____________ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
5.（2022北京卷）Since people can’t always eat out or cook for __________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery.
6.(2021 浙江 6 月卷)She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ____________ (she), everything in
good taste and in perfect order.
7.(2021新高考I卷)As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the
visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____________ (I).
8.(2020·新高考卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine
__________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
9.(2019 北京卷) Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper to ________ (I) the two simple words “Be
yourself”.
10.(2018全国III) When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ________ (they) alive.
11.（2018浙江卷）Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize
how cheap _________ can be to eat out.
12.(2017浙江卷) Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt
___________ (I),” says Pahlsson.
分类训练（二）单句改错（高考真题）
1.（2023全国甲卷）In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps.
2.（2023全国乙卷）Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair.
3.（2022全国甲卷）My father often took me to his hospital when I was off my school.
4.（2022全国甲卷）With the efforts made by all sides, we (my father and I) began to understand each other better.
5.（2022全国乙卷）When you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not
causing air pollution.
6.（2021全国乙卷）Some will turn to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose to deal with the problems
on their own.
7.（2020全国 I卷）“Not that way,” my mom tried to stop us but failed. She was right. It didn’t turn out as I had
wished.
8.（2020全国I卷）Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. See you soon.
9.（2019全国I卷）From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.
10.（2019 全国 III 卷）In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created forthem.
分类训练（三）单句填空（模拟试题）
1. The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ________ in any other area of the city.
2. Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact far more serious _______ than mobile phones do.
3. You are the team star! Working with _____________is really your cup of tea.
4. Bicycles made in Shanghai are better than _________ made in Beijing.
5. I want to buy a pair of sports shoes, _________ at a proper price, but of good quality.
6.---Wow! You’ve got so many clothes.---But_________ of them are in fashion now．
7.—How many students are in the classroom? ---_________.
8.To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet or go to the library, or _______.
9. The fact that she was foreign made _____difficult for her to get a job in that country.
10. One of the most important questions they had to consider was _____ of public health.
分类训练（四）语法填空（外刊原创）
Record number of UK students visits China under program
创纪录的英国学生暑期来访中国
This year's summer camp of the Mandarin Excellence Program kicked off in Beijing last week, with the largest
group of students from the United Kingdom visiting China since the program 1 (launch) in 2016.
Nearly 1,200 British students from 61 secondary schools are visiting China for 11 days to participate in Chinese
language courses and cultural activities. Separate travel groups will visit different parts of the country, 2
(cover) a total of 10 cities including Beijing and Shanghai. 3 (fund) by the UK's Department of Education, the
program 4 (help) so far about 11,000 British students improve their 5 (proficient) in the Chinese
language, according to the organizers.
William Bridgett, a student from Tytherington School, said that one of the key reasons he joined the program was
that it promised an opportunity 6 (visit) Beijing. When Bridgett started attending Mandarin classes in the
UK, he found that learning the Chinese language was 7 interesting and enjoyable.
The students, 8 already had a fair impression of China thanks to the program, said that they were
nonetheless mesmerized by the sheer scale of the Chinese capital and 9 (it) stunning architectural treasures.
Asha Sen, a student from Alexandra Park School in London, said that learning Mandarin has been challenging for
her, but she wants to experience both the Chinese language and culture outside of books.
The visiting students will participate in various activities such as Chinese painting, tea making and local sports to
better understand Chinese culture, while learning Mandarin in 1 0 immersive environment.
