文档内容
【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单
专题42 完形填空满分策略（讲案）原卷版
（快问快答+思维导图+考法点拨+真题再练+名校模拟）
目录
一、完形填空快问快答 P 2
二、完形填空高考考情 P 2
三、完形填空解题策略 P 3
四、完形填空思维导图 P 4
五、完形填空考法点拨 P 5
考法一：五大方法速判句内层次题 P 5
考法二：四大技巧稳抓句组层次题 P 6
考法三：七种逻辑提升语篇层次题 P 9
六、完形填空易错点及备考建议 P 11
易错点一：不懂熟词生义 P 11
易错点二：未能联系上下文 P 12
易错点三：没记准固定搭配含义 P 13
易错点四：缺乏常识或文化背景知识 P 13
七、完形填空真题演练(2024题组) P 14
八、完形填空名校模拟(4篇) P 22
一、完形填空快问快答Q1：完形填空有什么特点？
A1：以记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主，说明文为辅，围绕人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大主题语境，考查
学生的英语综合素养和关键能力。考点设置以实词为主，其中对动词、名词以及形容词的考查数量最多。
Q2：完形填空做题步骤如何？
A2：第一步:读“首句”，辨“文体”。学生应该充分利用首句的提示作用，分辨文章体裁，知晓文章大意。
第二步:重“脉络”，通“结构”。文章的脉络和结构就是故事的排列顺序和架构方式。不论是哪种体裁的
文章，其脉络和结构都是作者行文思路的体现，对深人理解文章的思想内容具有重要意义。第三步:找“线
索”，推“逻辑”。学生在做完形填空试题之前可以先避开选项，根据文章的线索，自己填出合适的单词。
Q3：完形填空有哪些命题趋势？
A3：阅读量逐年提高，阅读时间减少；生词量有增无减；长句增多，句式灵活，结构复杂；选材地道，内
容丰富，体现育人功能。
Q4：如何提高完形填空正答率？
A4：一要掌握完形填空命题规律和选项特征，二要不断扩大词汇量，尤其是 3500高考高频词汇和历年熟词
生义，三要广泛进行专项训练，积累做题经验，摸索出一套行之有效的个性化做题模式，四要重视纠错，
探寻错误原因，防止出现类似错误。
二、完形填空高考考情
2020-2024年高考英语完形填空考情分析
名 形容 介
卷别 体裁 题材 词数 动词 副词
词 词 词
2024新课标I卷 记叙文 凡是要有自己主见 234 8 5 1 1
2024新课标II卷 记叙文 友善行为美食力量 227 9 5 1
2024全国甲卷 记叙文 厨房里的祖母聊天 276 7 8 3 1 1
2023新课标I卷 记叙文 越野赛的善行义举 225 7 7 1
2023新课标II卷 记叙文 帮狗狗与主人团聚 209 7 3 4 1
2023全国甲卷 记叙文 学会不要以貌取物 249 9 4 6 1
2023全国乙卷 记叙文 体操奥运冠军故事 244 12 3 4 1
2022新课标I卷 记叙文 家庭野营趣味经历 218 5 5 3 1 1
2022新课标II卷 记叙文 环球旅行免费住宿 209 5 6 4
2022全国甲卷 记叙文 因狗结缘爱情故事 277 8 7 1 3
2022全国乙卷 说明文 孩子捉迷藏的研究 261 7 7 4 2
2021新课标I卷 记叙文 暑期短暂打工体验 230 9 4 2
2021新课标II卷 记叙文 中国警察无畏事迹 192 7 7 1
2021全国甲卷 记叙文 致歉酒店终获原谅 242 10 5 4 1
2021全国乙卷 夹叙夹议 女患巧妙感谢医护 261 10 7 1 2
2020新课标卷 记叙文 海岛植树保护环境 225 5 6 3 1
2020全国卷I 记叙文 请不要对孩子说谎 251 6 8 3 2 1
2020全国卷II 记叙文 竞拍名画竟是真迹 287 11 4 3 2
2020全国卷III 记叙文 应对难对付的顾客 265 8 3 6 1 2
三、完形填空解题策略
完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一，它要求考生能够读懂一篇有空缺的文章的大意，根据已学知识，在整体理解的基础上，推导出未知内容。它具有主观性测试和客观性测试的双重优点。它既可以
在语篇中考查考生英语基础知识，即词汇、语法知识，又可考查考生运用语言知识的能力，如词语搭配、
习惯用法、词义辨析、语言交际、文化背景和社会风俗等。同时它还要求考生必须具备良好的把握上下文
行文逻辑和篇章结构的能力。
1．高考完形填空题的文章选材广泛，注重原汁原味，内容着重体现新课标所要求的“关注学生情感，
提高人文素养”这一人文理念。文章体裁以记叙文为主。
2．文章长度250词左右，一般设空20个，设空平均间距为10个词左右。首句不设空。
3．考查以语篇内容理解为主，注重对文章语境的理解和把握。题型按语境进行分类，可分为句内层次
题、句组层次题和语篇层次题。语法考查很少见。
4．选项以考查实词为主，如名词、动词、形容词等；虚词为辅，如介词、连词等。
完形填空记叙文
解题要领 内容解读
中心思想有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思想；如无题目，抓文
抓住文章中心
章开头结尾，尤其是议论抒情的语句，也可抓住文章的中心。
在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含
明确叙述角度
义。
记叙文的写作顺序有：顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清写作顺序有助于了解事情
理清写作顺序
发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原
明确写作要素
因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。
洞悉写作目的 写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。
完形填空记叙文
解题要领 内容解读
借助文章结构，即事例→观点，观点→事例，观点→事例→观点，体会记叙和议论
分析结构，抓
的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而
住作者的观点
明白作者的写作思路。
重视首句，把 首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作中
握文章主题 心，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。
夹叙夹议文中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。在读这
叙议兼顾，理 类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以
解议论内涵 只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合对人物心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能
正确解题。
抓住转换，理 抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间逻辑关系，在充分把
清逻辑关系 握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。
完形填空说明文
解题要领 内容解读通读全文，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面对其加以说明的。
明确说明对象，理
在阅读过程中要概括、总结每一段说明的侧重点，理清各段之间的关系，加深对说
清段落关系。
明对象的理解。
在说明的过程中作者会选择合理的说明顺序对说明对象进行解说。把握了说明顺序
就能准确把握文章的脉络，加深对整篇文章的理解。常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、
弄清说明顺序，把
空间顺序、逻辑顺序(如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等)和认识顺序(如由此及
握作者态度。
彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质等)。另外，在理清作者思路的基础
上，还要注意反映作者态度的关键词或关键句，把握作者的写作情感和意图。
四、完形填空思维导图
五、完形填空考法点拨考法一：五 大方法速判句内层次题
句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些信息凭借语感即可顺利
选出答案。对于此类题目，考生可以边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。
【方法1 利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题】
1.【2020·全国Ⅱ卷】It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be __41__ to
the public because of Italy's privacy laws, 42.finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin.
41．A. attached B．allocated C．exposed D．submitted
【方法2 利用生活常识和文化背景解题】
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若
能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会
大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
2. [2021·全国乙卷]And there you have it. To many people, __59__ lives is part of the job but styling hair is an extra
and should be rewarded.
59．A. risking B．changing C．saving D．building
【方法3 利用句子分析法解题】
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形
成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过
它推断出未知填空的答案。
3. [2021·浙江卷]．..However，within fifteen minutes of 39.arriving，my worries had gone. Everyone was so
__40__ and like-minded that it was very 41.easy to feel at home.40．A. confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious
【方法4 利用逻辑关系解题】
此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两
类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语；二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。
4.【2020·新高考卷】When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23.disturbing happening around his home.
A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24.damage it caused had driven away a number of birds. __25__，
the number of snakes had declined as well.
25．A. Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise
【方法5 利用语境暗示分析法解题】
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和
段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
5. [2021·全国卷乙]She was__49__for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of
discharge，we shared in her50.delight at her recovery. As she was 51.leaving she was eager to say 52.goodbye to
each of us in the nursing team.
49．A. grateful B．thoughtful C．sorrowful D．fearful
考法 二 ： 四大技巧稳抓句组层次题
句组层次题是比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需
瞻前顾后，综合意群信息解答。即本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
【技巧1 利用感情色彩关联解题】
在完形填空中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要
词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我
们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
1.【2021浙江卷1月卷】 My job was to 45build a stairway out of rock. This 46meant climbing up and down the
side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions，although I should say they were only heard，never 47seen.
Three days later，a beautiful stairway came into being. The 48 of knowing that my 49work will be
on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
48．A. satisfaction B．ambition C．expectation D．intention
【技巧2 利用逻辑关系解题】
在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。
2.【2021·天津卷3月卷】In addition to 31.practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth,
and promote feelings of community. 4 8 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
32．A. Otherwise B．However C．Somehow D．Meanwhile【技巧3 利用语境暗示分析法解题】
在句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题，即根据已知信息，推导出
正确答案。
3.【2021·全国卷甲卷】 Burchill was 41.staying at the hotel on business and planning to 42.visit some friends in
the area. They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he __44__ a suitcase full of
pepperoni.
44．A. filled B．locked C．abandoned D．lost
【技巧4 利用词语复现解题】
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根
词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体
情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。
一、原词复现
4.【2022•全国甲】When I first dated Steve, I learned he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was
thrilled that he was an animal lover, I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might
attack 4 6 the cat.
46. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly
提醒：Flora—Flora原词复现
5.【2022·新高考I卷】My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten
years. Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we
22 along Chalk Creek.
22. A. campedB. drove C. walked D. cycled
提醒：camping ---camped原词复现
二、同义词复现
6.【2018·全国卷】 When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we
usually say “sorry, 41(wrong) number！” and move on. But when Dennis Williams 42 a text
that clearly wasn't intended for him, he did something 43(special).
42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed
提醒：get—received 是同义词复现
7.【2021·天津】He 23 (offered) to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for
unwanted bikes，which he would repair again 2 4 .
24. A. by accident B. in advance C. for free D. on credit
提醒：free of charge与for free是同义词复现。
三、近义词复现8.【2017·全国 I 卷】While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of
life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and
found something that has changed my 42 (experience) at college for the better: I discovered ASL—
American Sign Language (美式手语).
41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal
9.【2022·新高考 I 卷】Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we
headed off, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our peaceful
morning trip. The 2 9 picked up and thunder rolled.
29. A. wind B. noise C. temperatureD. speed
提醒：storms—wind近义词复现
四、反义词复现
10.【2022·新高考Ⅱ卷】 She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world，stopping
everywhere from Paris to Singapore It might sound like one long，expensive 42 (vacation) , but the couple
has an unusual way to make their travel 4 3 .
43. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable
11.【2019·全国Ⅱ卷】Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were
replaced with 49 . It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face.
49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety
提醒：Nervousness and fear—joy 是反义词复现
五、上下词复现
12.【2020·全国Ⅰ】Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding
glass door is just a window. ..
One day they’ll 47 (wake up) and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 (lie) .
I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 ( consequences ) . I have a very strong 51 ( fear )
that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 ( spiritual ) damage to our children.
49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers
提醒：our twins，the kids以及下文中的our children与下文parents是总括与分述的词汇复现
13.【2022·全国乙卷】We brought young children aged 2－4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each
47 ( child ) sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 . We then asked the child if she could
49(see) or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t.
48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
提醒：ears与下文中的hear是上下词复现考法 三 ： 七种逻辑提升语篇层次题
完形填空中主要考查七大逻辑关系：对立关系、并列和递进关系、目的和因果关系、条件关系、时间
关系、层次和顺序关系、例证关系。
一、对立关系
对立关系包括让步、对比和转折关系，常见的标志词和短语有：but，however，yet(然而，但是)，on the
contrary(相反)，by contrast(相比之下)，unfortunately，although，even though，while，nevertheless(然而，不
过)，whereas(然而，反之)，in spite of(尽管)，regardless of(不管，不顾)，anyhow，after all(毕竟)，instead
of(而不是)，rather than(而不是)，not...but，otherwise(否则)，or else，to the opposite(对立面)，compared with
等。
1.【2022·全国乙卷】For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44(interrepted) as evidence that children
are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our 45(surprising) research results in child developmental
psychology 4 6 that idea.
46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
2.【2020·天津卷】He has recently made a significant 16 ( discovery ) —loneliness is a serious social problem that
can contribute to depression and even crimes，but it can be 17 in a clever way. The 18 ( solution ) Chat
benches.
17. A. experienced B. suffered C. prevented D. felt
二、并列和递进关系
并列和递进关系常用的标志词和短语有：and，or，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...，similarly等。
3.【2022·全国甲卷】A year later, much to my 58 delight , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed
to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I 59 him to. That’s only for giving 60 water to the dogs that
brought us together.
59. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid
4.【2019·北京卷】The students who he’s 15 ( driven ) have gone on to become physicians，teachers and
engineers，but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson.
Some students 16 call him “Grandpa”.
16.A.even B. ever C. once D. already
三、目的和因果关系
目的和因果关系常用的标志词和短语有：because，for，since，as，thus(因此)，hence(因此)，therefore，
so，so...that，such...that，in order that，consequently(因此)，accordingly，due to，thanks to，on account of(由
于，因为)，because of，seeing that(由于，因为)，in that(因为)，now that，as a result，for this reason等。
5.【2017·全国Ⅲ卷】The ticket had a strict no-transfer(不可转让) 45 ( policy ) ，but since passport information
was not required when 46 ( booking ) ，any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can 47 it.
47. A. use B. borrow C. choose D. buy
四、条件关系
条件关系常用的标志词和短语有：if，unless，whether，supposing，on condition that，provided that，
depending on等。
6.【2019·江苏卷】As you mark off another “Earth Day” in your calendars，content that for at least 24 hours Iremained in your thoughts，I wanted to remind you that I am frightened that 4 1 I can’t soon receive the
appropriate medicine and care I need，my illness will become terminal beyond all cures.
41. A. when B. though C. if D. unless
五、时间关系
时间关系常用的标志词和短语有：before，since，as，until，meanwhile，at the moment，when，whenever，
as soon as等。
7.【2020·江苏卷】For him，it was one thing to 49 ( accept ) his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow
something to continue 50 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action.
50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
六、层次和顺序关系
层次和顺序关系常用的标志词和短语有：besides，finally，first，firstly，further，eventually，in the first
place，last，next，second，secondly，third，thirdly，to begin with，to start with，on the one hand，on the
other hand等。
8.【2018·江苏卷】 49 ，the couple found that their bodies turned for the better，with re-found strong muscles
that they thought had 50.lost forever.
49. A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D. Consequently
七、例证关系
例证关系常用的标志词和短语有：all in all，altogether，in brief，in sum，in conclusion，in short，in
summary，on the whole，to sum up，to summarize，as a proof，as an example，for example，for instance，in
particular，just as，namely，such as，that is，as to，say等。
9.【2014北京】“I hope this method would be put into practice in the near future, 4 1 in the next 10 years,”
he says.
41. A. imagine B. say C. suppose D. consider
六、完形填空易错点及备考建议
易错点一：不懂熟词生义
对于一些看上去很熟悉的词，考生往往不知道或者不重视除了自己所记住的词义之外的其他意思或者其他
词性。在平时的复习中考生不重视熟词生义，导致他们在高考紧张的答题时间内，脑海中出现的就只有自
己最熟悉的意思，从而出现答题失误，导致丢分。近几年高考英语全国卷完形填空中频繁出现熟词生义这
个考点，一般以下列两种形式呈现：
一、一词多义
【2021全国乙卷】And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express
different 42 of gratitude（感谢）.
A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
【易错选项解析】B。答案怎么可能会是 A？grades 这个词再熟悉不过了，不是“年级”的意思吗？这是
大部分考生看到这个词时的第一反应，殊不知，就是这种“最熟悉的陌生人”让考生与正确答案擦肩而
过。考生不知道 grade 还可以表示“程度；等级”，因而在排除了 C. needs（需求），D. expectations（期待）之后，勉强选了 B. meanings（意思）。
备考建议：
为了加深学生对这一熟词生义的理解，强化记忆，建议教师用以下方法来进行巩固练习：
（1）让学生在词典中查 grade 表示“程度；等级”的词条，并将英文释义摘抄到笔记本上，然后让他们再
用这一释义造句，若学生自己造句有困难，可以摘抄词典上的例句。
（2）教师可以准备含 grade 的典型例句，然后让学生选择和以上高考例题中意思相同的例句。例如：
a. My brother is in sixth grade. 年级
b. He got a grade A in maths. 分数
c. The best grades of tea are expensive. 等级
02 多词性词
多词性词是指同一个词，在不变换词形的情况下，有一种以上的词性。如果平时学生不留意，没有掌握这
种多词性词，那么在高考英语中它就会对学生答题造成干扰。
【2021全国乙卷】The patient looked puzzled, and then 56. replied : “Oh this isn’t for the 57. care I had. I take
that as a 58 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
【易错选项解析】D。2021 年高考英语的这道题难倒了诸多考生。根据考生回忆，当时没有选 B 的原
因，主要是其不知道该词的意思。英语基础好一些的考生也只记得given 是个形容词，但不知道其具体的意
思。在这种情况下，考生排除了 A. goal（目标），C. push（推），因不确定B. given 的意思，尽管有一部
分考生认为 D. greeting（问候）带到原文中意思似乎也不对，但还是勉强选了D。
备考建议 ：
教师可以把高考英语完形填空真题当作语料库，同时引起学生重视这些试题，保证练习的效度。教师可以
整理归纳高考真题中类似的考题，继续考查学生：
（1）【2020年全国Ⅱ卷】Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $ 32.
A. battled B. debated C. discussed D. bargained
【答案】A. battle n. 小战役 → v. 与……斗争 / 争夺。此处指 Nicolo 与另一位想买画的人争夺画。
（2）【2020年全国卷Ⅱ】The 59 family called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the
paintings were 60 and worth as much as $ 50 million.
A. copies B. originals C. models D. presents
易错点二：未能联系上下文
高考英语完形填空都有特定的主题语境，但是考生往往会忽视语境对语篇的统摄作用，导致其做题时“只
见树木，不见森林”。考生遇到不会的题，可以暂时放过，往往下文会有语境上的提示，这也是教师在讲
解完形填空时经常对学生说的“上下求索”，即联系上下文。同词复现指的是完形填空中的某个设空处的答案在上下文中已经出现过。学生通过“上下求索”就能得出
设空处的答案。
【2020全国Ⅰ卷】I wonder if 49. parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50. consequences. I have a
very strong 51 that the lie we’re telling is doing 52. spiritual damage to our children... Maybe it’s an
unreasonable fear.
A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt
【易错选项解析】D。有的考生看到51空前的strong 会选择 doubt，觉得应该是我深深怀疑……，但是
如果考生在这里多思考一下，接着看下文“Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear.”，就会得出正确答案为 B. fear。
备考建议
教师在引导学生关注到这一特征之后，可以引导学生用箭头将下文出现的 fear 标向 51 空，这样通过视觉
形象不断去强化这一考点，下次遇到类似的完形填空题，学生就会有意识地应用学到的技巧去解决类似的
问题。为了巩固所学，教师可以找来类似的高考真题或者典型例题来强化这一知识点。例如：
【2017年全国卷Ⅲ】You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 42 .
A. origin B. passport C. accent D. friend
易错点三：没记准固定搭配含义
词义辨析或者固定搭配是完形填空的必考项，尤其是形近词辨析、动词短语或者介词短语辨析。这类题型
考查的是学生对词义或固定搭配的识记能力，但考生往往因为选项中的单词或者短语比较相似而记不准词
义，从而导致丢分。
【2019全国Ⅱ卷】... but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days.
A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain
【易错选项解析】A、B、C。A. on purpose（故意），B. on time（按时），C. in turn（依次；轮流），D. in
vain（徒劳）。考生如果没记准这些常见的固定搭配，就会想当然地随便选择选项。
易错点四：缺乏常识或文化背景知识
对于完形填空中的一些考查常识或文化背景的题，如果考生对相关的主题比较熟悉，有这方面的常识或者
文化背景，那么正答率就高。这就要求考生的阅读面要广，有一定的常识及文化背景知识的积累。
【2019全国Ⅰ卷】58. Finally you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon
disappear.
A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
【易错选项解析】B。这篇完形填空的主题是人与自然，介绍了非洲最高的山——乞力马扎罗山的环境污
染情况，以及在当地机构努力治理之后，其环境的改观。如果学生对乞力马扎罗山有所了解，就会知道它
是世界上唯一的一座“赤道雪山”。目前乞力马扎罗山的冰雪融化、冰川消失现象非常严重，在过去的 80
年内冰川已经萎缩了80%以上。有环境专家指出，乞力马扎罗雪顶可能将在10年内彻底融化消失。选错的
考生认为，既然积雪和冰川马上就要消亡了，那积雪肯定特别少，所以就误选了B.little。在缺乏背景知识的
情况下，考生就会有各种奇葩的思路。七、完形填空高考真题演练（15空）
【2024题组】
【2024新课标I卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running
42 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43 for a “super,” referring
to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run – 15 miles. To be honest, I 44
it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only
46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to San
Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50 :
The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51
. That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home,
suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 .
I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 55 I set for myself, they just have to
be my own.
41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with
48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved
49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked
50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice
51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried
55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests
【2024新课标II卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but
when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___41___, Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I ___42___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to
___43___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___44___ my language skills. That
encouragement helped me to get through the language ___45___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I
discovered how ___46___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to
___47___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___48___ of kindness that make
a new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___49___ quite like Italy. Each
town has its own traditional ____50____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another.
Families ____51____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____52____.
These meals are always ____53____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____54____ life in Italy might have, the
problems are ____55____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
41. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle
44. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened
45. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match
44. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
45. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test
46. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
47. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
48. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties
49. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth
50. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale
51. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
54. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for
55. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied
54. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities
55. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified
【2024浙江1月卷】阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空
白处的最佳选项。
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind
of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 41 with a local that all travelers long for. A young
Chinese man 42 me on the train. My 43 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 44to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year professional school to quickly find a
job 46 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 47 , however, was the fact that this
man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 48 a translated
Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 49 as a whole. ”And what do you all
learn about Russian authors?” I 50 him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to 51 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than
a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 52 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In
the course of a couple of hours, he 53 me just how much one can gain from 54 with an open mind, and a
willingness to 55 with locals from all walks of life.
41. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
42. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
43. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
44. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
45. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded
46. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
47. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
48. A. publish B. quote C. copy D. download
49. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
50. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
51. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
52. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
53. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
54. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
55. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
八、完形填空名校模拟（15空）
（2024·广东·二模）It’s been over a year since I started my volunteer work as a caregiver at a well-known
location here in Oklahoma. During a recent visit, I had a(n) 1 with a nurse there. We discussed how I ran
into some issues with my right leg after a terrible fall. I was sharing how my new 2 led me to have to
make some personal changes and so I 3 some at-home projects, such as a vegetable garden, a chicken pen,
and my pet birds, when Judith wheeled over and politely introduced herself. She 4 offered me a like-new
bird cage to replace my 5 one, and I gratefully accepted her 6 .When I went to Judith’s house to 7 the bird cage, she asked if I could 8 her for an
upcoming surgery since she had no one else to rely on. I felt 9 to be chosen to take care of her after the
10 . Judith, who is also a 11 and has devoted many years to working as a hospital volunteer, truly
12 to be treated with kindness and respect.
This experience serves as a beautiful example of two 13 showing random act s of kindness towards
each other. I firmly believe that everything happens for a reason, and I am truly 14 for the opportunity to
care for Judith. In the future, should I ever need 15 , I hope to receive the same loving support.
1．A．date B．drink C．argument D．conversation
2．A．jobs B．rules C．challenges D．wishes
3．A．funded B．sold C．created D．studied
4．A．kindly B．proudly C．jokingly D．calmly
5．A．hanging B．struggling C．hand-made D．solar-powered
6．A．offer B．claim C．decision D．donation
7．A．look for B．pick up C．throw off D．put away
8．A．forgive B．thank C．interview D．accompany
9．A．honored B．prepared C．relaxed D．qualified
10．A．checkin B．accident C．operation D．examination
11．A．patient B．doctor C．cleaner D．caregiver
12．A．needs B．expects C．deserves D．continues
13．A．nurses B．elders C．visitors D．strangers
14．A．sorry B．grateful C．responsible D．famous
15．A．advice B．assistance C．information D．guidance
（2024·广东茂名·二模）It was a busy morning for me. As I was walking I saw an old lady, maybe in her
80s, standing quite close to the traffic. Although my mind was 16 , I thought I should warn her.
When I 17 the spot, I noticed that she was trying to get attention of passers-by but they were too busy
to 18 her. When I tried to gently move her back to a safe place, she said she had 19 her key in the
middle of the road. I looked around but no one stopped. I knew I was getting 20 but decided to help.
On the road were office goers in cars as well as school buses 21 with children. It was the 22
time of the day to cross a busy road without a traffic light. I carefully stepped onto the road waving my hands wild
with 23 almost expecting to be hit by an oncoming vehicle. I moved on to the middle of the road 24
to wave my hand. Just then a school bus was approaching me and I 25 walked in front of it to stop it. My
experience has been that school bus drivers are always 26 of reckless (鲁莽的) pedestrians like me. I
won. I quickly picked up the key and ran back to 27 the key to her. Having watched my actions from thebus, the school children let out a 28 and clapped. As I turned to continue my hurried walk, the old lady
pulled me by my hand and gave me a big warm 29 . I felt so happy and relieved, hoping the school
children who were watching me would do the same when their 30 comes.
16．A．confused B．refreshed C．distracted D．occupied
17．A．found B．passed C．reached D．marked
18．A．catch up with B．take note of C．make room for D．look up to
19．A．dropped B．poured C．drawn D．thrown
20．A．injured B．trapped C．interrupted D．delayed
21．A．rushing B．talking C．barking D．withdrawing
22．A．latest B．worst C．longest D．funniest
23．A．surprise B．fear C．excitement D．delight
24．A．continuing B．attempting C．starting D．pretending
25．A．humbly B．adventurously C．courageously D．awkwardly
26．A．considerate B．ignorant C．sick D．proud
27．A．lend B．introduce C．promise D．return
28．A．sigh B．whisper C．cheer D．laughter
29．A．welcome B．hug C．treat D．applause
30．A．choice B．arrangement C．turn D．will
（2024·江苏南京·模拟预测）In 2014, Amy collapsed from a brain hemorrhage (脑溢血) while working.
After a year recovering at home, she 31 a course with the ambition to become a 32 .
However, occasional vision disturbance was still 33 , influencing the amount of 34 she
could give to the course. Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it
difficult to see a whole figure. It’s particularly 35 because it seemed to 36 her optimism to be a
painter!
One morning, when watching the sunrise, she suddenly felt a sense of 37 . She realized that she may
not 38 a whole face anymore, but it shouldn’t stop her from putting what she could see on canvas (画布).
The following years, she 39 her special art journey.
“Strangely, my experience has increased my 40 when drawing, enabling me to catch a character
better,” she explains. “People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character. I have more
determination and appreciation for my 41 . These are 42 I wouldn’t have had without
everything I’ve 43 .” For her new touring exhibition, she has produced a series of artworks based on her
visual experience. “In the 44 interaction between what I can and cannot see lies my perspective on the
world.”Sometimes, we can tur a loss into a gain: something unique and individual that has been gifted to us by never
45 .
31．A．made use of B．looked forward to C．signed up for D．took pride in
32．A．teacher B．doctor C．worker D．painter
33．A．present B．unnoticed C．unusual D．strange
34．A．credit B．energy C．instruction D．donation
35．A．disappointing B．exciting C．inspiring D．depressing
36．A．ruin B．boost C．spread D．express
37．A．achievement B．thankfulness C．belongings D．security
38．A．see B．touch C．draw D．cover
39．A．shared B．concluded C．started D．recalled
40．A．eyesight B．sensitivity C．taste D．attention
41．A．talent B．choice C．role D．vision
42．A．gifts B．challenges C．awards D．pains
43．A．relied on B．gone after C．survived through D．thought of
44．A．active B．misty C．social D．regular
45．A．losing B．leaving C．quitting D．failing
（2024·江苏盐城·三模）Tucked away in Tongxiang city, Zhejiang province, the captivating water town of
Puyuan is 46 in history and elegance. Recently, this ancient haven has 47 on a remarkable project,
merging reality with literature by vividly reenacting scenes from a renowned classic. From late June to the end of
August, Puyuan 48 into a living, breathing canvas where the book’s antiquated lifestyle is resurrected,
beckoning visitors into a realm where time stands still.
As one 49 into the scenic area, the bustling world outside fades away, replaced by the allure of the
past. With maps in hand, tourists 50 into participants in an interactive journey, unearthing the daily rhythms
of ancient life. Each guest assumes an identity 51 in the era, immersing themselves in a series of quests that
52 history with intrigue.
At the heart of this experience are the immersive activities and 53 encounters. Staff, clad in exquisite
Song Dynasty attire, act as NPCs—non-player characters—enriching the visitor’s adventure with 54
dialogue and challenges. This approach doesn’t merely 55 the literary work; it crafts a participatory
narrative, enabling guests to feel the pulse of history.
The initiative fosters 56 engagement, transforming observers into protagonists of their own
historical saga. Through this fusion of ancient narratives and modern exploration, Puyuan not only 57 its
cultural legacy but also invigorates it, ensuring that the echoes of the past resonate with the present.Under the soft glow of lanterns, the whispers of the ancients mingle with the excited chatter of modern-day
travelers, 58 a tapestry of tradition and discovery. Puyuan, with its doors wide open, 59 curious
souls to step inside and live the legends of old, offering a rare opportunity to 60 the boundaries of time and
immerse oneself in the vibrant hues of China’s storied past.
46．A．shrouded B．soaked C．steeped D．submerged
47．A．launched B．embarked C．initiated D．started
48．A．transforms B．changes C．evolves D．shifts
49．A．ventures B．steps C．walks D．enters
50．A．turn B．convert C．transform D．change
51．A．rooted B．grounded C．based D．established
52．A．blends B．mixes C．combines D．merges
53．A．interactive B．engaging C．dynamic D．responsive
54．A．genuine B．real C．authentic D．true
55．A．displays B．exhibits C．shows D．presents
56．A．active B．passive C．indirect D．direct
57．A．preserves B．maintains C．keeps D．retains
58．A．creating B．weaving C．knitting D．forming
59．A．invites B．calls C．summons D．welcomes
60．A．cross B．jump C．leap D．traverse
