专题37阅读理解之七选五三大技巧（讲案）解析版_03高考英语_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_上好课2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单323949989

【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单 专题37 阅读理解之七选五三大技巧（讲案）解析版 （快问快答+思维导图+考法点拨+真题再练+名校模拟） 目录 一、阅读理解七选五快问快答 P 2 二、阅读理解七选五高考考情 P 2 三、阅读理解七选五思维导图 P3 四、阅读理解七选五考法点拨 P 3 考法一：利用词语复现技巧 P 3 考法二：利用代词指代关系 P 5 考法三：利用前后句逻辑关系（七种） P 7 五、阅读理解七选五真题演练(6 篇) P1 2 六、阅读理解七选五名校模拟(13 篇) P 20 七、阅读理解七选五真题演练（逻辑关系，片段式，10 例） P 37 一、阅读理解七选五快问快答 Q1：阅读理解七选五有什么特点？ A1：阅读理解七选五属于阅读理解中档题型，区分度好，需要考生有较强的做题技能和阅读判断能力。Q2：阅读理解七选五做题步骤如何？ A2：一是“通读”---通读全文把握大意，二是“细读”---以空位单位，结合设空位置和段落结构做出初 步判断。注意先易后难，一时有困难及时放一放，三是“复读”—重点复读有疑问的选项，从设空位置、 前后句逻辑、段落关键词入手多方考虑。 Q3：阅读理解七选五有哪些考查方法？ A3：阅读理解七选五有五大考查方向：一是段首标题句，二是段落主题句/过渡句，三是段中瞻前顾后句， 四是段尾设空题，五是残缺前/后半句型。 Q4：如何提高阅读理解七选五正答率？ A4：一要掌握阅读理解七选五命题规律和选项特征，二要不断扩大词汇量，尤其是3500高考高频词汇， 三要广泛进行阅读实践和专项训练，积累推理判断经验，掌握整体阅读这一要旨，摸索出一套行之有效 的个性化做题模式，四要重视纠错，探寻错误原因，防止出现类似错误。 二、阅读理解七选五高考考情 阅读七选五考查考生对文章内容、结构及上下文逻辑的理解和把握。在一段约300词的短文中留出5 个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。 1.选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。 2.话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。 年份 卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾 选项特指 字数 新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 使用英语词典的心得 1 4 0 完整句 273+61 2024 新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 如何避免过度性旅游 1 3 1 完整句 259+52 新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅的办法 0 4 1 完整句 247+82 2023 新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 完整句 261+63 新课标I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 完整句 257+76 2022 新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1 4 0 完整句 237+74 新课标I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0 完整句 270+83 2021 新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1 2 2 完整句 250+75 2020 新课标I卷 记叙文 人与社会 公开演讲的一些原则 1 3 1 完整句 235+73 三、阅读理解七选五思维导图四、阅读理解七选五考法点拨 技巧一：利用词汇复现技巧 【思维导图】 【调研01】【2022新高考I卷】原词复现 notice 复现是为保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段,即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概 念进行重复描述。复现主要是指原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现、词汇同现等。 My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 3 9 A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 39. G。根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spendon each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼， 每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她 的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选 择项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括 这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。 【调研02】（2021全国甲卷38题）近义词复现“new” clothes= clothes in good condition Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. Less people than that, and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable. 3 8 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home. A. Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 【解析】38. G。本题考查近义词复现。本段空白后“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their ‘new’ clothes home.”讲他们还应准备大量的可回收的袋子，来把“新”衣服带回家。其中的 “clothes”原词复现是解题提示，同时“new”表明衣服应该是好的，对应G选项中的“clean”“in good condition”。 【调研03】（2021全国乙卷40题）同根词复现awkward和 awkwardness And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). 40 . Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.” A. How do you know the host B. The first step is to go exploring C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?” D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most 【解析】40. G。本段主要讲面对“dinner-party killer：awkward silence”(晚宴杀手：尴尬的沉默)时应该 怎么办。根据空前的“the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬)”可知，解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人，G项“He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most”(他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人)符合语境。G选项中的“He or she”指代the host，“awkwardness”同义复现也是解题提示。故答案是G。 技巧二：利用代词指代关系【思维导图】 【调研04】(2024全国甲卷第37题) Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 37 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. A. Eat properly throughout the day. B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 37.根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西， 而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于 急躁。C项“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符合文意。故选C项。 【调研05】（2023新高考I卷39题）人称代词they You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 3 9 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【解析】39.根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人 都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一 起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同 时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self- confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自 信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。 【调研06】（2018全国I卷37+38+39题）代词指代 Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. 38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 39 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. A．While all of them are useful B．Whatever you're looking for C．If you're experimenting with a color D．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with E．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 【解析】37. A。代词线索题。空格后的they指代上文中的techniques，且与A项中的all of them相呼应， 代入 A 项“尽管它们都很有用”，符合语境。结合第二段第一句中的"a number of different techniques"以及最后一句给出的三种设计方案可知，此处表示"虽然这些技巧非常有用，但它们会有一点 复杂"，故A项符合语境。 【解析】38. D。代词线索题。第二段最后一句出现了"the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones"，第三段提到了"small color choices"，由此可知空处所在段主要在讲"the small ones"，故选D。 【解析】39. G。代词线索题。第四段最后一句提到了"a bigger commitment than smaller ones"和"a more powerful effect"可知，此处是和上文中的"small color choices"作对比，故选G。 技巧三：利用前后句逻辑关系 【思维导图】【调研07】（2013全国I卷38+40题）总分关系 Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. 3 8 One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 39 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管) and guidance by the management in authority. 4 0 A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work. B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management. C. Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals. D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs. E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments. F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects. G. Planning in business management has three main aspects. 【解析】38. G。前句解释了商业管理的概念，下文为商业管理中规划所包含的三个方面，与 G项中 的"three main aspects"相一致。故选G。 【解析】39. E。前一句为第一个方面，后一句为第三个方面，显然本句应介绍第二个方面。故选E。 【解析】40. A。第二段的第一句介绍了商业管理中的三个技巧，分别是 planning, direction和control。 接下来已经介绍了前两个技巧，最后一个技巧"control"还未提及，所以本空应涉及control的内容。故选 A。 【调研08】（2019全国II卷39题）解释关系 Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. A. This can affect your work. B. So how should you motivate yourself? C. However, this should not discourage you. D. So why should we try to set specific goals? E. They can change according to circumstances. F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job. G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it.【解析】39. E。根据空格前的goals are flexible可知，目标是灵活的，E项“它们可以根据情况而改变” 对其进行了解释，故选E项。 【调研09】（2023新高考I卷37题）例证关系 In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 3 7 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【解析】37.根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日 记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要 改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项 B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合 上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。 【调研1 0】（2016全国II卷38题）并列关系 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 38 However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years. A. Know why you garden B. Find a good place for your own garden C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too G. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have 【解析】38. E。由本段中的第一句Some ...，第二句的Others ...，可锁定E项中的Still others ...，它们 之间为并列关系，故选E项。 【调研11】（2023全国甲卷37题）递进关系 ●Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. 37 . “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.A. Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience 【解析】37.根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更 乐观)”以及后文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩 的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文 Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。also表示递进关系。 【调研12】（2022全国乙卷40题）转折关系 ·Don’t rely on technology alone 40 , but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 40. F。设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维 系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋 友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结 与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的 小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F。 【调研13】（2020新高考卷38题）因果关系 Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. 38 A. Do the opposite. B.Y ou want to be an effective public speaker. C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 【解析】38. C。根据上文中的“So，don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.”可知，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知，空处承接上文， 说明犯小错误无需道歉，故C项正确。 五、阅读理解七选五真题演练 【真题演练01】 (2023新课标I卷) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 3 6 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 37 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 3 8 You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 39 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 40 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. F 39. C 40. G 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。 通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。 36.根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知， 作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的 “do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。 故选D。 37.根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上 写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有 爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只 要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。 38.根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它 可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之 后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内 容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。 39.根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都 与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起 交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练 习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同 时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self- confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自 信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。 40.根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这 是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项 G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中 固定的一面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和 学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们 是通过错误来成长。故选G。 【真题演练02】 (2023新课标II卷) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. ▪Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 36 You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. ▪Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 3 7 ▪Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 38 Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. ▪ 39 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 4 0 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. A. Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginner art. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.【答案】36. C 37. G 38. A 39. D 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。 36.根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. (从小开始。我建议使 用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品 的跳板)”以及后文“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. (你会想要回顾 一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个 素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以 C项“Don’t throw away your beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。 37.分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提 高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可 知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以 G 项“You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故 选G项。 38.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文 “Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone. (走 出你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。 39.分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反 馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈 对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术 水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项 “Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意， 是本段的中心句。故选D项。 40.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它 时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E 项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关 系。故选E项。 【真题演练03】 (2023全国甲卷)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There’s one answer. 3 6 . In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks. ●Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. 37 . “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. ● Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 38 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start toapply it to other, more annoying situations. ● 3 9 . So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “ 4 0 .” You’ll then gradually become more patient. A. Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience 【答案】36. G 37. E 38. B 39. C 40. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。 36.根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？ 答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都 需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。 37.根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后 文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处， 可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E 选项中 It 指代上文 Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。 38.根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的 唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可 知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故 B选项“从小任务开始”符合语 境，故选B。 39.根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境 失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的 主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合 语境，故选C。 40.根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可 知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语 境，故选F。 【真题演练04】 (2023全国乙卷)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。 Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. What are indoor plants? Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 37 .Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “ 38 . I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 3 9 . Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “ 40 ,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.” A. All plants are different B. Not only do they look beautiful C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. E 40. G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室 内植物。 36.根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减 轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成 not only… but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂 亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。 37.根据上文“Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植 物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故 选D。 38.根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.(我 发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此 可知，C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下 文，符合语境。故选C。 39.根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。 它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知， E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好 的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。 40.根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature-which is part of the joy of owning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可 以在它们成熟时照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可 知，G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是 非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。 【真题演练05】 (2023北京卷)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选 项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. ____35____ When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. ____36____ Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes. Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment ( 注册) or funding. ____38____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result？ Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates. ____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission. What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower. A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 【答案】35. D36. F37. G38. B39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校提供了一些建议。 35.根据空前内容“It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.(对于美国的学生和他们的家人来说，这是一年中既快乐又紧张的时刻，因为他们要决定去哪里 上大学。家庭经常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可知，美国的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时， 经常求助于排名系统。而根据下文第三段“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究 表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”可推断出，本文主 要讲述的是排名方面出现的问题。选项D“However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一个关键因素：教学质量。)”延续上文内容，指出大学排名存在的问题；而 根据下文内容也可以推断，排名中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。故选D。 36.根据空前内容“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings.(作为一名研究高等教育的学者，当我与一些家庭交谈时， 他们常常惊讶地发现，优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有 被纳入排名让人们觉得很惊讶。选项 F“They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.(更让他们惊讶的是，大学竟然低估了教学的价值。)”延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略 教学质量。其中“more surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。故选F。 37、空前内容“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在 教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Qualityteaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.(考虑到高质量教学与 学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最重要因素之一。)” 讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑到教学。选项G“In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.(事实上，大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)”与上下文内容相一 致，故选G。 38.根据空前内容“Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.(然而，排名只是高等教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视 为增加入学率或资金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不被纳入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。 选项B“Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重视。)” 是上文内容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的一种方式，所以 教学在招聘和晋升中不受重视。故选B。 39.根据下文内容“Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.(尽管如此，在拥有高质量教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和增加入学人数之前，不会有太大 变化。从长远来看，大学、学校排名组织和其他机构应该努力使教学成为使命的一个有价值的核心部 分。)”可知，作者认为想要强调教学质量还需要更多努力。根据“Nevertheless”可知，空处内容和下文 内容存在转折关系。选项C“Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.(高质量的 教学一直是建立声誉的重要因素。)”强调了高质量教学的重要性，而下文则话题一转，指出了高质量教 学的难处。故选C。 【真题演练06】 (2018全国I卷)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。 Color is fundamental in home design – something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel. Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. 38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 39 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40 . A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 【导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在房间装饰设计中颜色的重要性，并详细说明了小、中、大三 种规格的装饰颜色的不同作用。 36. B 上文提到，Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 你想要一间充满活力的房间吗？职业化的？还是在寻找一处忙碌了一整天后放松的地方？可知，接下来将是对上文的总结，无论你找什么样的房间，颜色是关键。且选项B中的looking for和上文的want和looking for相呼应。 37. A 空格上一句提到，多年来，有许多不同的工艺帮助设计师达到这一目标。由此可推断，这些工艺都 很有用。选项A中的them指代的是different techniques。 38. D 上一段结尾提到三种选择: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones。接下来分别一一介 绍。且该段中作者提到小物品如小靠垫、镜子、篮子等的颜色可以给房间带来视觉上的乐趣，以及其他 好处。由此可知，本段介绍的是small color choices。 39. G 该空下一句提到中等物品颜色的选择和小物品作比较的两个方面：一是花费，二是对空间感觉的影 响。与选项G中的two major ways相呼应。 40. F 该空上一句提到，大的方面的颜色选择所投入的时间、精力和相关费用都是相当多的。与选项F中 的pay相呼应。因而，墙壁、天花板、地板等颜色的选择是你首先要搞定的。 六、阅读理解七选五名校模拟（12篇） （2024·广西河池·模拟预测）Save the Earth from Declining Biodiversity Plants and animals depend on each other for survival. Find out why this biodiversity is so important and how you can help. Skip the selfie (自拍照). Riding elephants, holding monkeys, and taking photos with little lion might seem fun, but these animals might have been caught from the wild and aren’t being properly cared for. Avoid these activities on vacation unless you know the group is trustworthy and not treating animals cruelly. 1 Stand up for scary animals. Some people are afraid of animals like wolves, sharks, and bats and try to harm them. 2 Because they keep their habitats healthy. So tell everyone how amazing they are. Bad plants. 3 They can destroy native species and shake up the whole ecosystem. You can help. Sign up to help remove invasive plants at a local park or nature centre. Lights off. Birds can become confused by bright nighttime lights, causing them to crash into windows or fly in circles until they’re very tired. 4 You can also talk to your parents about turning off the lights at their high-rise offices. 5 Bring binoculars (望远镜) on an outdoor adventure to enjoy wildlife from afar. That way you don’t disturb animals, which can change their behaviour. Critters (生物) are better off spending energy looking for food or caring for young — not hiding from you! A．Look — Don’t touch. B．But these animals are super important. C．A large number of birds die from these. D．We should make an effort to protect local species. E．Ask your parents not to “like” similar photos on social media. F．Invasive species are plants and animals that don’t belong in a habitat. G．Turn off unnecessary lights at night in the spring and fall when birds are migrating. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．F 4．G 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述拯救地球的几项措施。 1．根据上文“Riding elephants, holding monkeys, and taking photos with little lion might seem fun, but these animals might have been caught from the wild and aren’t being properly cared for. Avoid these activities on vacation unless you know the group is trustworthy and not treating animals cruelly.(骑大象， 抱猴子，和小狮子合影可能看起来很有趣，但这些动物可能是从野外捕获的，没有得到适当的照顾。在 度假时避免这些活动，除非你知道这个团体是值得信赖的，并且不会残忍地对待动物。)”可知，上文建议 不要与动物进行拍照。E项：Ask your parents not to “like” similar photos on social media.(让你的父母不 要在社交媒体上给类似的照片点赞。)与上文主题呼应，符合语境。故选E。 2．根据上文“Some people are afraid of animals like wolves, sharks, and bats and try to harm them.(有些 人害怕狼、鲨鱼和蝙蝠等动物，并试图伤害它们。)”和下文“Because they keep their habitats healthy.(因 为它们保持栖息地的健康。)”可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，指出这些动物的重要性，B项中的“these animals”和下文的“they”对应。B项：But these animals are super important.(但是这些动物非常重要。) 符合语境。故选B。 3．根据段落小标题“Bad plants.(有害植物。)”可知，空处介绍这些有害植物是什么，结合下文“They can destroy native species and shake up the whole ecosystem. You can help. Sign up to help remove invasive plants at a local park or nature centre.(它们可以摧毁本地物种，撼动整个生态系统。你可 以帮忙。报名帮助清除当地公园或自然中心的入侵植物)”可知，空处介绍的有害植物就是入侵植物，即 “Invasive species”。F项：Invasive species are plants and animals that don’t belong in a habitat.(外来入 侵物种是指不属于某个栖息地的动植物。)符合语境。故选F。 4．根据上文“Birds can become confused by bright nighttime lights, causing them to crash into windows or fly in circles until they’re very tired.(夜间明亮的灯光会使鸟类感到困惑，导致它们撞到窗户上或在空中 盘旋，直到它们非常疲倦。)”和下文“You can also talk to your parents about turning off the lights at their high-rise offices.(你也可以告诉你的父母把他们高层办公室的灯关掉。)”可知，上文描述夜间灯光对 鸟类的危害，空处和下文并列，一起说明解决灯光造成的光污染问题的方法。G 项：Turn off unnecessary lights at night in the spring and fall when birds are migrating.(在春季和秋季鸟类迁徙的时候， 关掉不必要的灯。)符合语境。故选G。 5．空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Bring binoculars (望远镜) on an outdoor adventure to enjoy wildlife from afar. That way you don’t disturb animals, which can change their behaviour.(带上双筒望远镜来一次 户外冒险，从远处欣赏野生动物。这样你就不会打扰动物，从而改变它们的行为。)”可知，该段主要讲述 从远处欣赏野生动物，这样你就不会打扰动物，从而改变它们的行为。A项：Look—Don’t touch.(看—— 不要触摸。)符合语境。故选A。 （2024·江西·二模）We often see that some of our friends always appear relaxed. 6 This is because they are better organized than us. If we want to lead a well-organized life, some habits have to be cultivated purposefully. A place for everything and everything in its place When we are lazy or in a hurry, we keep our things in the wrong place. 7 To lead an organized life, we should make sure to put things back in their proper place. Avoid multitasking When we are trying to do more than one thing at a time, we cannot concentrate on our work properly, resulting in poor performance. 【例证关系】 8 For example, while doing our homework, if we keep our mobile phone within our reach and keep on replying to friends’ messages, our quality of work will suffer. Plan ahead Planning ahead is an important characteristic of an organized personality. But we should be realistic in our plans. 9 Practically, planning our daily, weekly and even monthly goals and trying our best to achieve them will make life more organized and tasks more manageable for us. Value your time Another key to leading a well-organized life is to manage your time in the most fruitful way. Giving in to temptation usually results in wasted hours which we regret later on. The famous columnist Harvey MacKay said, ” Time is free, but it’s priceless. 10 “ A．Then we have to waste lots of precious time and energy searching for them. B．They are not nervous during examinations and seem to enjoy life better than us. C．Once you’ve lost it, you can never get it back. D．The fewer things we have, the easier it will be to manage them. E．They follow some rules which lead to a more successful life. F．There are times when we find a big part of what we aimed to do is left undone. G．We should be clear about what has to be done and what is just wasting time. 【答案】6．B 7．A 8．G 9．F 10．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了想过一个有条理的生活，需要培养的几个习惯。 6．根据上文“We often see that some of our friends always appear relaxed.”（我们经常看到我们的一些朋 友总是显得很放松）可知，选项承接上文说明他们在哪些方面显得很轻松。故 B选项“他们考试时不紧 张，似乎比我们更享受生活”切题。relaxed呼应not nervous。故选B项。 7．根据上文“When we are lazy or in a hurry, we keep our things in the wrong place.”（当我们懒惰或匆 忙时，我们把东西放在错误的地方。）可知，选项承接上文说明乱放东西的后果。故 A选项“那么我们 不得不浪费大量宝贵的时间和精力去寻找它们。”切题。故选A项。8．根据上文“When we are trying to do more than one thing at a time, we cannot concentrate on our work properly, resulting in poor performance.”（当我们试图同时做多件事时，我们无法正确地集中精力，导致 表现不佳。）可知，选项承接上文说明如何解决上述问题。故G选项“我们应该清楚什么是必须做的， 什么是浪费时间的”切题。故选G项。 9．根据上文“Planning ahead is an important characteristic of an organized personality. But we should be realistic in our plans”（提前计划是有条理的人的一个重要特征。但我们的计划应该实际一些）可知，选 项承接上文说明为什么要实际一些。故F选项“有时候，我们会发现自己的目标有很大一部分没有完 成”切题。故选F项。 10．根据标题“Value your time”（珍惜时间）以及“The famous columnist Harvey MacKay said, ”Time is free, but it’s priceless.”（著名专栏作家哈维·麦凯说:“时间是免费的，但它是无价的。）可知，选项与劝 诫人们珍惜时间有关。故C选项“一旦失去了，就再也找不回来了”切题。故选C项。 （2024·河南·模拟预测）We often hear very bad statistics about the destruction of the Amazon. 11 One Amazonian Indian tribe (部落) every year has disappeared since 1900. Unless something is done to prevent it, the Amazon will be totally destroyed in fifty years’ time. 12 Although it is being destroyed by big farmers and logging (伐木) companies, the biggest cause of its destruction is the cutting down of trees by thousands of small-scale farmers. 【代词指代】 13 They cut down trees of the rainforest to grow crops to make money. The soil of the Amazon is perfect for plants as long as there are trees. It is the trees that recycle the nutrients that make the Amazon suitable for growing food. When the farmers cut down the trees, the soil can only support crops for one or two years. 14 Logging is the second biggest cause of the destruction of the rainforest. A lot of the trees are taken for firewood, charcoal, or for making furniture. Not only are these trees destroyed, but the trees around them are also destroyed to make way for the roads and tracks needed to take the wood away. Large areas of forest have also been cut down to free land for cattle farming. 15 And the ranchers (牧场主) move on. More trees will be sure to disappear because of their cattle. Most of the rainforest lies within Brazil. Fortunately, it is beginning to bring more laws to protect its rainforest. A．Again the land cannot support them for long. B．So they have to move on, and cut down more trees. C．The problem involves organizations and governments. D．The trees are often considered important to big farmers. E．Poverty forces people to leave the cities and look for land. F．An area of rainforest, the size of Belgium, is cut down annually. G．The true key factors causing damage to the rainforest is not as you imagine. 【答案】11．F 12．G 13．E 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚马逊雨林遭到破坏的原因。 11．根据上文“We often hear very bad statistics about the destruction of the Amazon.(我们经常听到关于 亚马逊雨林遭到破坏的糟糕统计数据)”以及下文“One Amazonian Indian tribe (部落) every year has disappeared since 1900.(自1900年以来，每年都有一个亚马逊印第安部落消失)”可知，本句承接上文，具 体说明亚马逊雨林遭到破坏的情况。故F项“每年有相当于比利时面积的热带雨林被砍伐。”符合语境。 故选F。 12．根据下文“Although it is being destroyed by big farmers and logging (伐木) companies, the biggest cause of its destruction is the cutting down of trees by thousands of small-scale farmers.(虽然它正在被大农 场主和伐木公司破坏，但其破坏的最大原因是成千上万的小农砍伐树木)”可知，后文主要论述了森林被破 坏的原因。故G项“造成雨林被破坏的真正的关键因素并不像你想象的那样。”符合语境。故选G。 13．根据上文“Although it is being destroyed by big farmers and logging (伐木) companies, the biggest cause of its destruction is the cutting down of trees by thousands of small-scale farmers.(虽然它正在被大农 场主和伐木公司破坏，但其破坏的最大原因是成千上万的小农砍伐树木)”可知，造成森林被破坏的最大原 因是成千上万的小规模农户砍伐树木；再根据下文“They cut down trees of the rainforest to grow crops to make money.(他们砍伐雨林的树木来种植农作物来赚钱)”可知，后文提到看法雨林是为了赚钱，说明是贫 困导致的，故E项“贫困迫使人们离开城市去寻找土地。”符合语境。故选E。14．根据上文“When the farmers cut down the trees, the soil can only support crops for one or two years. (当农民砍倒树木时，土壤只能支持作物一到两年)”可知，上文土壤只能支持农作物一到两年，说明接下 来土壤无法使用，农民要搬走来取得其他土地种植粮食。故 B项“农民不得不继续搬走，到另外的地方 砍更多的树以获取土地种粮食。”符合语境。故选B。 15．根据上文“Large areas of forest have also been cut down to free land for cattle farming.(大面积的森林 也被砍伐，腾出土地用于养牛)”以及下文“And the ranchers (牧场主) move on. More trees will be sure to disappear because of their cattle.(牧场主们继续前行。更多的树木肯定会因为他们的牛而消失)”可知，大 面积的森林被砍伐，腾出的土地用于养牛，但这片土地又不能长久地供养这些牛，因此，牧场主又得搬 走，导致更多的树木被砍伐掉。A选项“这片土地又不能长久地支持他们”符合语境，故选A。 （2024·江西上饶·二模）Do you believe that a baby can only have one parent? It is widely understood that animals have two parents, each contributing essential DNA．However, a female shark became pregnant and gave birth to a baby shark at the Brookfield Zoo in Illinois, US, 16 , a new study documented. This is a phenomenon called parthenogenesis (孤雌生殖), which means “virgin creation” in Greek. For most animals, an egg cell and a sperm (精子) cell are essential to create offspring (后代). 【转折关系】 17 . However, in cases of parthenogenesis, the body finds a way to make up for the genetic material usually provided by sperm. As the female generates an egg cell, small cells called polar bodies are produced in the process. In the case of parthenogenesis, an egg merges with one of its polar bodies, which replaces a sperm cell. 【因果关系】 18 . So, the baby is similar to the mother but not a cloned version of her. 19 . In 2018, a female crocodile who had been living alone for 16 years at a zoo in Costa Rica laid 14 eggs. Scientists found a fully-formed baby crocodile inside one of these eggs. In 2012, scientists incubated (培 育) six snake eggs without fertilization (受精), and these eggs developed into healthy baby snakes. Parthenogenesis may occur in “lower animals” like some species of insects, fish, reptiles and even birds. 20 . So, it is currently impossible for female mammals to reproduce without a male. A．It is not the best way to reproduce B．without the involvement of a male C．with the application of a new technology D．They each provide one-half of the genetic information for the new life E．During this process, the mother’s genes get shuffled (打乱顺序) slightly F．Although seemingly magical, parthenogenesis is not as rare as you might think G．However, for mammals, including human beings, an egg can not provide all the genes required to form a viable (可存活的) offspring 【答案】16．B 17．D 18．E 19．F 20．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过介绍孤雌生殖这一生物学现象，解释了某些动物在无雄性参 与的情况下也能繁殖后代的科学原理，并列举了多个实例加以说明。同时，文章也指出了这一现象在不 同动物类别中的适用性差异，特别是提到哺乳动物 (包括人类) 目前无法通过孤雌生殖方式繁衍存活的后 代。 16．上文“Do you believe that a baby can only have one parent? It is widely understood that animals have two parents, each contributing essential DNA. However, a female shark became pregnant and gave birth to a baby shark at the Brookfield Zoo in Illinois, US, (你相信一个婴儿只能有一个父母吗？人们普遍认为，动 物有两个父母，每个父母都贡献了重要的DNA。然而，在美国伊利诺伊州的布鲁克菲尔德动物园，一条 雌性鲨鱼怀孕并产下了一条幼鲨)”先表明通常繁殖需要雄性和雌性的结合，however表示转折，文中提到 的一只雌性鲨鱼生出了一只鲨鱼宝宝，B项“没有雄性的参与”承接了上文的事件，符合语境。故选 B 项。 17．上文“For most animals, an egg cell and a sperm cell are essential to create offspring.(对于大多数动物 来说，卵细胞和精子细胞是产生后代的关键)”指出卵细胞和精子细胞是创造后代所必需的，D项“它们各 自为新生命提供一半的遗传信息”介绍精细胞和卵细胞的作用，与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选D项。 18．上文“As the female generates an egg cell, small cells called polar bodies are produced in the process. In the case of parthenogenesis, an egg merges with one of its polar bodies, which replaces a sperm cell.(当雌 性产生卵细胞时，在这个过程中会产生称为极体的小细胞。在孤雌生殖的情况下，卵子与其中一个极体融合，从而取代精子细胞)”介绍了孤雌繁殖的过程，下文“So, the baby is similar to the mother but not a cloned version of her.(因此，幼体与母亲相似，但不是她的克隆版本)”总结了这一过程的结果，即产生的 后代虽源于单一亲本，但并非完全的克隆体，E项“在这个过程中，母亲的基因会被稍微打乱顺序”承上 启下，符合语境。故选E项。 19．下文“In 2018, a female crocodile who had been living alone for 16 years at a zoo in Costa Rica laid 14 eggs. Scientists found a fully-formed baby crocodile inside one of these eggs. In 2012, scientists incubated six snake eggs without fertilization, and these eggs developed into healthy baby snakes.(2018 年，哥斯达黎 加一家动物园里，一只独自生活了16年的雌性鳄鱼产下了14个蛋。科学家在其中一个蛋里发现了一只完 全成型的鳄鱼宝宝。2012年，科学家在没有受精的情况下培育了六个蛇蛋，这些蛇蛋发育成了健康的小 蛇)”引出其他动物中孤雌生殖的例子，F项“虽然看起来神奇，但孤雌生殖并不像你想象的那么罕见”承 接下文，符合语境。故选F项。 20．上文“Parthenogenesis may occur in “lower animals” like some species of insects, fish, reptiles and even birds.(孤雌生殖可能发生在“低等动物”身上，如某些昆虫、鱼类、爬行动物甚至鸟类)”提到了低等 动物中可能会出现孤雌生殖，下文“So, it is currently impossible for female mammals to reproduce without a male.(因此，目前雌性哺乳动物不可能在没有雄性的情况下繁殖)”提到目前对于哺乳动物来说还 是不可能的，G项“然而，对于包括人类在内的哺乳动物来说，单独一个卵子无法提供形成一个可存活 后代所需的所有基因”解释了哺乳动物无法通过孤雌生殖繁殖的原因，承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。 （2024·江苏徐州·模拟预测）Nearly every student gets nervous before a test at some point, especially if the exam is an important one. This is normal. In fact, a mild case of nerves can even be somewhat beneficial: it can keep you focused and energized. For some students, however, test taking anxiety can be overwhelming. 21 Fortunately, there are a few things you can do before and during a test to help cope with more severe stress and anxiety. Take a Meditation or Sitting Stretch Break Take a minute or two before or even during a test to focus on your breathing, relax tense muscles, do a quick positive visualization, or stretch your limbs. 22 Replace Negative Thoughts with Positive Ones Learn to recognize when your brain is caught in a cycle of negative thinking and practice turning negative thoughts into positive ones. For example, you may catch yourself saying “I’m going to fail”. 23 With practice, this can be a powerful technique to break the cycle of negative thinking undermining your confidence. Mistakes are Learning Opportunities 【转折关系】 24 Instead, remind yourself that it’s OK to make mistakes. A wrong answer on a test is an opportunity to understand where you need to fill in a gap in your knowledge or spend some extra time studying. 25 Test taking anxiety is very real and should be taken seriously. Your guidance counselor or a therapist may be able to offer long-term strategies for coping with test taking anxiety. Talk with your parents or guardians about finding someone to help you cope. A．Seek Professional Help B．Listen to the Instructions C．It’s easy to get caught up in worrying about a bad grade. D．Then force yourself to say “I’m going to succeed” instead. E．This level of anxiety can be extremely difficult to cope with. F．The calming effect can be beneficial and worth a few minutes of test time. G．And it allows you to get into a positive state of mind before the test starts. 【答案】21．E 22．F 23．D 24．C 25．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要向我们介绍了几种应对考前焦虑的办法。 21．根据上文“For some students, however, test taking anxiety can be overwhelming. (然而，对一些学生 来说，考试焦虑可能会难以承受。)”和下文“Fortunately, there are a few things you can do before andduring a test to help cope with more severe stress and anxiety. (幸运的是，在测试之前和测试期间，你可以 做一些事情来帮助应对更严重的压力和焦虑。)”可知，考前的焦虑让人难以承受，这种水平的焦虑让人难 以处理。但是我们可以做一些事情来应对更严重的焦虑。设空处起承上启下的作用，只有 E项“This level of anxiety can be extremely difficult to cope with. (这种程度的焦虑可能很难应对。)”符合题意。故选 E项。 22．根据前文“Take a minute or two before or even during a test to focus on your breathing, relax tense muscles, do a quick positive visualization, or stretch your limbs. (在测试前或在测试期间花一两分钟来关注 你的呼吸，放松紧张的肌肉，做一个快速的积极的想象，或伸展你的四肢。)”可知，本段主要是让你在测 试时花费一两分钟时间放松，这样做会有镇静效果。F选项“The calming effect can be beneficial and worth a few minutes of test time. (镇静效果是有益的，值得几分钟的测试时间。)”符合题意。故选F项。 23．根据本段的标题“Replace Negative Thoughts with Positive Ones.(用积极的想法代替消极的想法。)” 和“For example, you may catch yourself saying ‘I’m going to fail’. (例如，你可能会发现自己在说“我要 失败了”。)”可知，本段主要是让我们用积极的想法取代消极的，那么当我们想说“自己要失败”时，应 该强迫自己说“我要成功”。D项“Then force yourself to say “I’m going to succeed” instead. (然后强迫 自己说“我要成功了”。)”符合题意。故选D项。 24．根据下文“Instead, remind yourself that it’s OK to make mistakes. (相反，提醒自己犯错误是可以 的。) ”可以判断出前后句是相反的意思，C项“It’s easy to get caught up in worrying about a bad grade. (人们很容易陷入担心成绩不好。)”符合题意。故选C项。 25．根据文章的结构可知此处应是段落的小标题，根据下文“Test taking anxiety is very real and should be taken seriously. Your guidance counselor or a therapist may be able to offer long-term strategies for coping with test taking anxiety. (考试时的焦虑是非常真实的，应该认真对待。你的指导顾问或治疗师可能 能够提供长期的策略来应对参加考试时的焦虑。)”可知本段是让我们寻求专业人士的帮助，A项“Seek Professional Help (寻求专业的帮助。)”符合题意。故选A项。 （2024·福建漳州·模拟预测）“Medicine and technology may fail us at times, but human connection grounded in love and compassion always heals（治愈）.” Those words from Dr. Vivek Murthy are relatable to many of us in the medical community who increasingly encounter individuals suffering from loneliness. There are many complex factors driving loneliness, but it is clear that positive social connections do in fact “heal”. 26 They may even prolong our life span. Here are several actions you can take to improve your social connections and support your health. 【例证关系】 27 For instance, a simple smile to a stranger, a friendly exchange with a store clerk, or a curious question about a pin or piece of jewelry on a colleague can enrich your daily life. For more substantial connections, explore activities. with shared interests. Community centers, libraries and online groups are great resources. Community centers organize a wide range of activities for social connections. 28 Joining a walking group, volunteering at a food bank, or simply calling a long-lost friend can provide a sense of community and purpose. Our deepest social connections are provided by those closest to us. 29 By engaging in open- ended conversations, we can build even more profound and supportive bonds. Such relationships are not only about the easy times; they also involve navigating challenging discussions, which should be approached as chances to learn and grow together. 【转折关系】 30 But by taking steps now to start to build a foundation for strong positive social connections in our future, we can make ourselves and our country as a whole healthier. A．Deep social connections can also come with some drawbacks. B．There may be no quick fixes to a desperate state of loneliness. C．Loneliness ea n lead to feelings of sadness and a lack of purpose. D．Even short, positive interactions may positively impact our health. E．These connections greatly improve our physical and mental well-being. F．Libraries often host book signings and lectures that encourage engagement. G．Intentionally developing these relationships is crucial for strong social support. 【答案】26．E 27．D 28．F 29．G 30．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了建立在爱和同情基础上的人类联系是有治愈能力的。26．根据上文“There are many complex factors driving loneliness, but it is clear that positive social connections do in fact “heal”.”（有许多复杂的因素导致孤独，但很明显，积极的社会关系确实能“治 愈”。）提到积极的社会关系确实能“治愈”孤独。结合选项 E项These connections greatly improve our physical and mental well-being.（这些联系极大地改善了我们的身心健康。）可知，承接上文内容，为对 上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选E项。 27．根据下文“For instance, a simple smile to a stranger, a friendly exchange with a store clerk, or a curious question about a pin or piece of jewelry on a colleague can enrich your daily life.”（例如，对陌生 人的一个简单的微笑，与店员的友好交流，或对同事的一枚别针或一件珠宝的好奇问题，都可以丰富你 的日常生活。）可知，这些是短暂的和积极的联系。结合选项 D项Even short, positive interactions may positively impact our health.（即使是短暂的、积极的互动也可能对我们的健康产生积极影响。）可知， 和下文内容紧密连接，下文是对空格处内容的具体举例说明和解释，符合语境。故选D项。 28．根据上文“Community centers organize a wide range of activities for social connections.”（社区中心 组织各种各样的活动来建立社会联系。）提到组织各种各样的活动来建立社会联系。以及下文“Joining a walking group, volunteering at a food bank, or simply calling a long-lost friend can provide a sense of community and purpose.”（参加一个步行小组，在食品银行做志愿者，或者只是给一个久别的朋友打个 电话，都能给人一种社区归属感和使命感。）为具体举例说明和解释活动内容。结合选项 F项Libraries often host book signings and lectures that encourage engagement.（图书馆经常举办图书签名会和讲座，鼓 励人们参与。）可知，也是说明活动内容，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 29．根据上文“Our deepest social connections are provided by those closest to us.”（我们最深的社会联系 是由我们最亲近的人提供的。）可知这里介绍了社会联系。结合选项 G项Intentionally developing these relationships is crucial for strong social support.（有意发展这些关系对于强大的社会支持至关重要。）可 知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选G项。 30．根据下文“But by taking steps now to start to build a foundation for strong positive social connections in our future, we can make ourselves and our country as a whole healthier.”（但是，通过现在采取步骤， 开始为我们未来强有力的积极的社会关系奠定基础，我们可以使我们自己和我们的国家作为一个整体更 健康。）可知，上下文构成转折关系。结合选项B项There may be no quick fixes to a desperate state of loneliness.（对于绝望的孤独状态，可能没有快速的解决办法。）可知，和下文形成语意的转折关系，上 下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选B项。 （2024·湖北·二模）Even though food itself is not the problem, developing a healthier relationship with it is essential to eating disorder recovery. Most people with eating disorders struggle with issues of control when it comes to food—often shaking between rigidity(严格) and chaos. 31 Let go of rigid eating rules. 【因果关系】 32 Therefore, it's important to replace them with healthier ones. For example, if you have a rule forbidding all desserts, change it into a less rigid guideline such as "I won't eat dessert every day". You won't gain weight by enjoying an occasional ice cream or cookie. Don't diet. The more you restrict food, the more likely it is that you'll become preoccupied (专注的) with it, and even addicted to it. So instead of focusing on what you "shouldn't" eat, focus on nutritious foods that will energize you and make your body strong. 33 Afterwards, you can eat when you're truly hungry, then stop when you're full. 34 You may be used to skipping meals or fasting(节食) for long stretches. But when you starve yourself, food becomes all you think about. To avoid this preoccupation, make sure to eat every three hours. Plan ahead for meals and snacks, and don't skip! Learn to listen to your body. If you have an eating disorder, you've learned to ignore your body's hunger and fullness signals. 35 The goal is to get back in touch with these internal cues(提示). A．Don't ignore your health. B．The goal is to find a balance. C．The best way is to lose weight. D．Stick to a regular eating schedule. E．You may not even recognize them anymore. F．You should think of food as fuel for your body first. G．Strict rules about food and eating fuel eating disorders.【答案】31．B 32．G 33．F 34．D 35．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们与食物建立一种更健康的关系对饮食功能失调的恢复 至关重要。 31．上文“Most people with eating disorders struggle with issues of control when it comes to food—often shaking between rigidity and chaos (大多数患有饮食失调症的人在饮食控制问题上挣扎——经常在僵硬和 混乱之间摇摆)”说明要找到“rigidity and chaos”之间的平衡点，因此B项“目的是寻找一个平衡点”承 接上文，符合语境。故选B。 32．根据本段主旨句“Let go of rigid eating rules (放开严格的饮食规则)”说明本段主要讲放开严格的饮食 规则，因此G项“严格的食物和饮食规则会加剧饮食失调”承接上文，解释原因，引出下文“Therefore, it's important to replace them with healthier ones.( 因此，用更健康的替代它们是很重要的。)”。故选 G。 33．下文“Afterwards, you can eat when you're truly hungry, then stop when you're full. (之后，你可以在 真正饿的时候吃，然后在吃饱的时候停下来。)”说明“吃”的时间很重要，因此F项“你首先应当把食物 当作你身体的燃料”引出下文，句中的first与下文的afterwards相呼应。故选F。 34．下文“You may be used to skipping meals or fasting(节食) for long stretches. But when you starve yourself, food becomes all you think about. (你可能习惯于不吃饭或长时间禁食。但当你饿着肚子的时候， 食物就成了你想的全部。)”说明本段讲述节食或者长时间禁食是不好的习惯，应该有规律地进食，D项 “坚持有规律的饮食时间表” 概括本概括的主旨，符合语境。故选D。 35．上文“Learn to listen to your body. If you have an eating disorder, you've learned to ignore your body's hunger and fullness signals. (学会倾听你的身体。如果你有进食障碍，你已经学会忽视身体的饥饿 和饱腹信号。)”说明身体可能不会辨别身体的信号，E项“你甚至可能辨认不出它们”承接上文，且句中 的“them”指的是上文“signals”，符合语境。故选E。 （2024·江苏苏州·三模）Confidence plays a very important role in people’s life. It gives people light when they are in dark and encouragement when they are discouraged. It is the first step on the road to success. People who look confident seem to grab more rewarding careers, maintain better relationships, and may make miracles in the face of insurmountable (不可逾越的) difficulties. So what is the secret of confidence? In fact, there is no secret. Self-confidence is a skill and habit that everyone can learn to develop. 36 You can try these simple tips for practicing and increasing our confidence levels: First, dare to fail. Anybody who’s out there genuinely striving is going to fail repeatedly. 37 Only when we face up to our difficulties can we build up our confidence and give ourselves a chance of success. 【顺序关系】 38 You don’t have to be beautiful to be confident. Make the most of your own unique strengths and pay less attention to your weaknesses so that you know you’re giving out your best image. Third, listen to yourself; do not look down on yourself. You are the only person who knows what is right for yourself. 39 Last, build a confidence vocabulary. Stop putting yourself down, and quit constantly mentioning your tiny flaws. Learn to highlight your positive qualities and the world will learn to see and appreciate them too. Confidence is a plant that grows slowly. 40 Only when we have enough confidence in ourselves can we take the first step on the road to success. A．It is built, not inborn. B．Second, dress your success. C．If you are not failing, you are not trying. D．Second, neglect your drawbacks completely. E．Don’t put others’ opinion above your own inner voice. F．It encourages us to go to great lengths to achieve our goals. G．We should build confidence through constant and patient effort. 【答案】36．A 37．C 38．B 39．E 40．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了自信永远是一个人最宝贵的品质，但是自信并不是与生俱 来的，它需要你克服困难来培养。 36．根据前文“In fact, there is no secret. Self-confidence is a skill and habit that everyone can learn todevelop. (事实上，没有什么秘密。自信是每个人都可以学习培养的技能和习惯)”可知，自信是可以后天 培养的，与A项“It is built, not inborn. (它是后天的，而不是与生俱来的)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选 A项。 37．根据前文“Anybody who’s out there genuinely striving is going to fail repeatedly. (任何真正努力的人 都会一再失败)”可知，努力不一定会成功，会有失败，没有尝试过就不会有失败，与 C项“If you are not failing, you are not trying. (如果你没有失败，你就没有尝试)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。 38．根据下文“You don’t have to be beautiful to be confident. Make the most of your own unique strengths and pay less attention to your weaknesses so that you know you’re giving out your best image. (自 信不一定要漂亮。充分利用你自己独特的优势，少关注你的弱点，这样你就知道你在展示你最好的形象)” 可知，本段主要讲述了要展示自己最好的形象，要会打扮，与B项“Second, dress your success. (其次， 打扮你的成功)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。 39．根据上文“Third, listen to yourself; do not look down on yourself. You are the only person who knows what is right for yourself. (第三，倾听自己；不要看不起自己。你是唯一知道什么适合自己的人)”可知， 要倾听自己内心的声音，而不是他人的，与E项“Don’t put others’ opinion above your own inner voice. (不要把别人的意见置于你自己内心的声音之上)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选E项。 40．根据上文“Confidence is a plant that grows slowly. (自信是一株生长缓慢的植物)”可知，自信要慢慢 的建立起来，与G项“We should build confidence through constant and patient effort. (我们应该通过不 断和耐心的努力来建立信心)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。 （2024·湖南·模拟预测）Behavioral scientists have found that good listening is one of the most important things we can do to improve our relationships. 41 At its core, listening in a one-on-one conversation is about taking an interest in another person and making him/her feel understood. 【转折关系】 42 But some recurring (重复出现) features include attentiveness, conveying understanding, and showing a positive intention towards the speaker. In addition to actively attending to a speaker’s words, good listeners also use questions and body language that indicate their understanding and their desire to understand. This might feel awkward at first, and what’s most effective might depend on your relationship with the speaker. 【递进关系】 43 Another great way to show your understanding is by summarizing what you just heard and asking if you have missed anything. Summaries like this show the speaker that you’re truly trying to understand him/her rather than just waiting for your turn to talk. But while a good conversation requires back and forth, planning out your response while the speaker is talking is a common way to miss what’s being said. 44 This might feel embarrassing, but asking for clarification actually shows that you’re committed to understanding. 45 It’s okay to ask for a moment to formulate your response and taking a beat to think can help speakers reflect on their speech as well. These might seem like small changes, but together they make a big difference. And when people feel heard, they report more satisfaction, trust, and connection in their relationships. A．Finally, don’t be afraid of silence. B．So, what can we do to become better listeners? C．It’s possible to know what truly excellent listening looks like. D．But with time and practice, you can internalize these basic behaviors E．There’s no universally agreed-upon definition of high-quality listening. F．Researchers have found that smiling and nodding at set intervals doesn’t quite work. G．So try to stay present and if you lose focus, don’t be shy about asking the speaker to repeat what you missed. 【答案】41．B 42．E 43．D 44．G 45．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍倾听在改善人际关系中的重要性，并提供了成为更好倾听者的 建议，包括专注、表达理解、积极反馈、不畏惧沉默以及适时请求澄清，以促进对话双方的满意、信任 和联系。 41．上文“Behavioral scientists have found that good listening is one of the most important things we can do to improve our relationships.(行为科学家发现，良好的倾听是我们改善人际关系的最重要的事情之一)” 说明良好的倾听能够改善人际关系。空处承上启下，引出如何成为更好的倾听者的问题。B项“那么，我 们能做些什么来成为更好的听众呢？”符合语境，同时引出下文中所给的建议。故选B。42．下文“But some recurring (重复出现) features include attentiveness, conveying understanding, and showing a positive intention towards the speaker. (但一些反复出现的特征包括注意力、传达理解以及对说 话者表现出积极的意图)”说明好的倾听者会有一些反复出现的特征。空处和下文形成转折关系，E项中的 “no universally agreed-upon definition of high-quality listening”和下文中的“some recurring (重复出现) features”形成对应的概念，说明高质量的倾听并没有一个公认的定义，但是也有一些反复出现的特征。 故选E。 43．上文“In addition to actively attending to a speaker’s words, good listeners also use questions and body language that indicate their understanding and their desire to understand. This might feel awkward at first, and what’s most effective might depend on your relationship with the speaker.(除了积极倾听演讲 者的话语外，好的听众还可以使用问题和肢体语言来表达他们的理解和理解愿望。这一开始可能会让人 感到尴尬，最有效的方法可能取决于你与演讲者的关系)”说明一些倾听技巧可能会初次尝试时感到尴尬， 比如使用问题和肢体语言。空处和前文为转折关系，D项中的“internalize these basic behaviors”和上文 中的“questions and body language”相呼应，说明虽然一开始的这些行为会让人尴尬，但是但随着时间和 实践，你可以内化这些基本行为。故选D。 44．上文“But while a good conversation requires back and forth, planning out your response while the speaker is talking is a common way to miss what’s being said.(但是，尽管一次好的谈话需要来回进行，但 在说话者说话时计划好你的反应是错过所说内容的常见方式)”说明说话者讲话时规划你的回答是错过所说 内容的常见方式，空处承上启下，G项中的“repeat what you missed”和上文“a common way to miss what’s being said”相呼应，“don’t be shy about asking the speaker”和下文“asking for clarification”相呼 应，说明G项“所以，尽量保持专注，如果你注意力不集中，不要羞于让演讲者重复你错过的内容。” 符合语境。故选G。 45．下文“It’s okay to ask for a moment to formulate your response and taking a beat to think can help speakers reflect on their speech as well.(花点时间来制定你的回答是可以的，花点时间思考也可以帮助演 讲者反思他们的演讲)”说明在讨论需要沉默的反思。A项“最后，不要害怕沉默。”适合作为段落的开头， 引出下文对沉默积极作用的讨论。故选A。 （2024·河南·三模）Being a plastic-free gardener is an important step for having an eco-conscious garden. Here’s how to garden by using alternatives to plastic plant pots. Lots of pots 46 . Most are made of plastic, and come in a variety of colours. None of these plastics are readily recyclable. Half a billion plastic pots ended up in landfill or being burned each year. Plastic-free plant pot alternatives The great news is that, the choice of alternative plastic-free pots is fantastic. 47 . Ceramic (陶瓷) pots Though expensive, when it comes to plant pots, there is not much that compares to the appeal of hand-made ceramic pots. Ceramic pots are made from the firing of clay. 【因果关系】 48 . Therefore, if collected steadily over the years, they become the backbone of any working garden, offering a ready pot for a month or two of growing on;a permanent home for repeat-flowering flowers lasting for seasons; or a decorative feature for a greenhouse. Wool pots Made from raw washed wool pots, these cute little pots are a very attractive natural alternative to plastic. 【转折关系】 49 , but they also make a perfect pot for decorative plants that will sit in a striking position while they are growing larger — a great talking point for plastic-free gardening. Hemp (麻) pots Hemp pots are a great alternative to the plastic pots used to grow tomato and potato plants. 【代词指代】 50 . They come in a range of sizes, from around five to forty litres (公升). Hemp pots develop from a sustainable source, are fully broken down and can be reused for several seasons. A．They are durable B．Limit the use of plastic in the garden C．Wool pots can be used to start young plants D．They are a replacement for those with limited growing spaceE．Many gardeners have a collection of plastic plant pots over the years F．Many of the pots in which plants were sold at the time were recyclable G．In addition to fabric, there is also wood, cardboard, bamboo, rubber, and even wool 【答案】46．E 47．G 48．A 49．C 50．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何使用塑料花盆的替代品来做园艺。 46．根据该段标题“Lots of pots”（大量花盆）提到花盆。以及下文“Most are made of plastic, and come in a variety of colours.”（大多数是由塑料制成的，有各种各样的颜色。）结合选项 E项Many gardeners have a collection of plastic plant pots over the years.（许多园丁多年来都收集了塑料花盆。）可知，与标 题提到的塑料花盆的大量使用相呼应。同时引起下文，下文是对塑料花盆的具体解释和说明，上下文语 意连贯。故选E项。 47．根据上文“The great news is that, the choice of alternative plastic-free pots is fantastic.”（好消息是， 选择替代的无塑料盆是非常棒的。）提到选择替代的无塑料盆。结合选项G项In addition to fabric, there is also wood, cardboard, bamboo, rubber, and even wool（除了织物，还有木材、纸板、竹子、橡胶，甚 至羊毛。）可知，提供了更多选择替代无塑料花盆的材料，与上文提到的替代方案相呼应，上下文紧密 连接。故选G项。 48．根据下文“Therefore, if collected steadily over the years, they become the backbone of any working garden, offering a ready pot for a month or two of growing on; a permanent home for repeat-flowering flowers lasting for seasons; or a decorative feature for a greenhouse.”（因此，如果多年来稳定地收集，它 们就会成为任何一个花园的支柱，提供一个现成的花盆，可以生长一两个月；一个永久的家，让反复开 花的花朵持续四季；或者作为温室的装饰。）提到陶瓷花盆的稳定性以及长久性。结合选项A项They are durable.（它们很耐用。）可知，和下文内容紧密连接，与下文提到的反复使用，成为花园的支柱相 呼应，符合语境。故选A项。 49．根据该段标题“Wool pots”（羊毛花盆）以及下文“but they also make a perfect pot for decorative plants that will sit in a striking position while they are growing larger—a great talking point for plastic-free gardening.”（而且它们也可以作为一个完美的花盆，用来种植装饰性植物，当它们长得更大时，它们会 坐在一个引人注目的位置上——这是无塑料园艺的一大亮点。）提到羊毛花盆的优点。结合选项 C项 Wool pots can be used to start young plants.（羊毛花盆可以用来培养幼苗。）可知，呼应标题内容，同时 和下文内容相关，也是提到羊毛花盆的优点，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 50．根据上文“Hemp pots are a great alternative to the plastic pots used to grow tomato and potato plants.”（大麻盆是用来种植番茄和土豆的塑料罐的一个很好的替代品。）提到大麻盆。以及下文“They come in a range of sizes, from around five to forty litres (公升).”（它们的大小不一，从 5升到40升不 等。）提到大麻盆的大小不一，空间的伸缩性很强。结合选项D项They are a replacement for those with limited growing space.（它们是那些生长空间有限的植物的替代品。）可知，和下文内容紧密连接，下文 是对空格处内容的语意递进，符合语境。故选D项。 （2024·贵州遵义·三模）How to Get Out of Your Comfort Zone It can surely be challenging and a little scary to step out of your comfort zone, but facing unfamiliar challenges can help you feel happier and more fulfilled in the long run. How to grow outside your comfort zone? 【总分关系】 51 . Regard discomfort as progress. 52 .Whenever you try something new and make a move to step out of your comfort zone, remind yourself that the discomfort you’re feeling is ultimately progress that’s leading you to achieve your goals. Getting comfortable with discomfort is just like exercising a muscle; you have to continuously do it to get stronger and better. Reward yourself for trying new things. Treat yourself to stay motivated and energized. For example, whenever you do something that’s out of your comfort zone, buy yourself a small treat, take yourself out to a nice meal, or spend time doing other activities that you enjoy. 53 . Surround yourself with supportive people. Ask friends and family for encouragement and support. Tell your closest friends, family members, or partners what you’re trying to do and why. 54 . Whenever you feel hesitant, just know you have a wholeteam of people ready to celebrate your accomplishments. 55 . Get rid of things that’ll give you an excuse not to try something. For example, if your goal is to socialize with more people, turn off your phone when you go to a party or gathering so you won’t be tempted to use it as a distraction. Your environment can block or help your progress, so do what you can to improve it to guarantee success. A．Adjust your goals in time B．Your experiences can inspire them C．Change your environment to help you grow D．Overcome fear by adopting a positive mindset E．They’ll be more than happy to get behind you and cheer you on F．This will motivate you to step out and experience different possibilities G．Try new activities and gain wide perspectives by following these strategies 【答案】51．G 52．D 53．F 54．E 55．C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了帮助走出舒适区的几种方法。 51．前文“How to grow outside your comfort zone?(如何走出你的舒适区)”提出问题，下文为几种方法， G选项“尝试新的活动，通过遵循这些策略获得更广阔的视野”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 52．小标题“Regard discomfort as progress.(视不适为进步)”表明将不舒适看成一种进步，后文 “Whenever you try something new and make a move to step out of your comfort zone, remind yourself that the discomfort you’re feeling is ultimately progress that’s leading you to achieve your goals.(每当你尝 试新事物，走出自己的舒适区，提醒自己，你所感到的不适最终是导致你实现目标的进步)”为具体展开说 明，D选项“通过积极的心态来克服恐惧”同样表示以一种积极的心态来面对不适、恐惧，符合语境。 故选D。 53．前文“For example, whenever you do something that’s out of your comfort zone, buy yourself a small treat, take yourself out to a nice meal, or spend time doing other activities that you enjoy.(例如，每当你做 了一些超出你的舒适区之外的事情，给自己买一个小的款待，带自己出去吃一顿好饭，或者花时间做其 他你喜欢的活动)”表明当自己走出舒适区，给自己一些奖励，F选项“这将激励你走出去，体验不同的可 能性”为这样做的好处，为上文的引申。故选F。 54．前文“Tell your closest friends, family members, or partners what you’re trying to do and why.(告诉你 最亲密的朋友、家人或伴侣你正在做什么以及为什么)”表明要和身边的人倾诉自己的行动，E选项“他们 会非常乐意支持你，为你加油”表示身边的人的反应，其中 They指代前文的 closest friends, family members, or partners。故选E。 55．空处为小标题，根据下文“Your environment can block or help your progress, so do what you can to improve it to guarantee success.(你的环境可以阻碍或帮助你前进，所以尽你所能改善它以保证成功)”可知 本段表示应改变环境来帮助成长，C选项“改变你的环境来帮助你成长”符合本段主旨。故选C。 （2024·陕西咸阳·三模）So, you want to learn how to get the most out of your reading experience. Reading effectively is a piece of cake whether you’re reading for school or fun. The following tricks will not only help you comprehend the information you’re learning, but make the reading experience much more enjoyable. Skim through the text. Get a preview of what’s to come by flipping through the pages. Once you have the basic idea of what you’re reading, scan through the table of contents and headers or flick through the pages. Glance over any images, graphs, or illustrations. 56 Take notes while you read. Practice active reading by taking notes. Before grabbing your notebook, wait until you’ve finished reading or skimming through a complete section or idea. 【并列关系】 57 . Be sure to include the page number and source you’re summarizing in your notes so that you can refer to the text later. Think about what you’ve read. 58 Once you reach the end of a main idea, section, or chapter, take a few moments to let everything soak in before you get back to reading. 59 Identify the author’s bias, assess the evidence, and observe your immediate reactions. Ask yourself whether you agree with the position that’s being presented or the directionof the plot. 60 Link what you read to your existing knowledge or past experiences. Instead of treating the text as an isolated piece of writing, link it to previous readings. If a plot point reminded you of something from your own life, make a mental note of it. If you can connect the examples in the journal article with something you learned in class, jot down those similarities. A．Make personal connections to the material B．Set aside a few minutes to keep everything in mind C．Pause between main ideas to process the reading material D．Don’t be afraid to question the text and make your own assumptions. E．Remember: trying to be as fast as possible is the first thing you should consider F．Summarize the main idea in your head, and then write the main points and concepts G．Take a few seconds to read the text quickly, including the notes, to spot eye-catching key words. 【答案】56．G 57．F 58．C 59．D 60．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些阅读技巧，可以让阅读更加愉快。 56．根据上文“Get a preview of what’s to come by flipping through the pages. Once you have the basic idea of what you’re reading, scan through the table of contents and headers or flick through the pages. Glance over any images, graphs, or illustrations.(通过翻页来预览即将到来的内容。一旦你对所读的东西 有了基本的了解，浏览一下目录和标题，或者快速翻页。浏览任何图像、图表或插图)”可知，本段的主旨 是通过快速浏览来阅读文章；G选项“花几秒钟快速阅读文章，包括注释，找出吸引眼球的关键词”承 接上文，继续阐述快速阅读的方法，符合语境。故选G。 57．根据上文“Practice active reading by taking notes. Before grabbing your notebook, wait until you’ve finished reading or skimming through a complete section or idea.(通过做笔记练习主动阅读。在拿起你的 笔记本之前，等到你读完或浏览完一个完整的部分或观点)”可知，上文提到了先浏览，结合主旨是做笔记， 推测本句主要阐述如何记笔记；F选项“在脑海中总结大意，然后写下要点和概念”符合语境，故选F。 58．根据小标题“Think about what you’ve read.(想想你读过的东西。)”后文“Once you reach the end of a main idea, section, or chapter, take a few moments to let everything soak in before you get back to reading.(一旦你读到一个主要观点、部分或章节的结尾，在你继续阅读之前，花点时间让所有的东西都融 入其中)”可知，本段主要阐述在阅读过程中应给与自己思考消化吸收的时间，然后再继续阅读；C选项 “在主要观点之间暂停，以消化阅读材料”符合语境，故选C。 59．根据后文“Identify the author’s bias, assess the evidence, and observe your immediate reactions. Ask yourself whether you agree with the position that’s being presented or the direction of the plot.(识别作者的 偏见，评估证据，观察你的直接反应。问问你自己，你是否同意所呈现的立场或情节的方向)”可知，后文 提到了要识别作者的偏见，要具有批判性思维的能力，D选项“不要害怕质疑文本并做出自己的假 设。”符合语境。故选D。 60．设空处为小标题；根据本段内容“Link what you read to your existing knowledge or past experiences. Instead of treating the text as an isolated piece of writing, link it to previous readings. If a plot point reminded you of something from your own life, make a mental note of it. If you can connect the examples in the journal article with something you learned in class ,jot down those similarities.(将你所读的内容与你现 有的知识或过去的经验联系起来。不要把文章当作孤立的文章，而要把它和以前的阅读材料联系起来。 如果某个情节点让你想起了自己的生活，那就记下来。如果你能将期刊文章中的例子与你在课堂上学到 的东西联系起来，记下这些相似之处)”可知，本段的主旨是将阅读的内容与个人联系起来。故 A选项 “与材料建立个人联系”符合语境，故选A。 七、阅读理解七选五真题演练（逻辑关系，片段式，10例）一、总分关系 【逻辑关系01】【2016全国I卷】 … There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” 38 Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.” … A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B. In any language, some letters are used more than others. C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 【解析】37. E。考查总分关系。空格前面的句子说总共有三种密码，是一个概括性句子，总述了全段的 主要内容。空格内应是介绍第一种密码，是分述。由该空后的例句可知，此空选E “你可以拼写每个单词 的第一个字母来隐藏信息”。 二、解释关系 【逻辑关系02】【2019全国II卷】 Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. E. They can change according to circumstances. 【解析】39. E。根据空格前的goals are flexible可知，目标是灵活的，E项“它们可以根据情况而改变” 对其进行了解释，故选E项。 三、例证关系 【逻辑关系03】【2020新高考卷】 Never mind that most travelers nowadays have smart phones with built－in alarm clocks.__17__ Here are some examples. At the Wolcott Hotel, if a wake－up call is unanswered, they will send an employee to your door. At Las Ventanas al Paraiso, an employee shows up at your room to wake you up with tea, coffee and breakfast bread. At the Mandarin Oriental, a person rather than an automated system will call to wake you up. F. The human wake－up call is a way to personalize a guest’s stay. 【解析】17. F。由17空之后的“Here are some examples...”可知前后是例证关系。根据后面举的例子可 知应该选择F项“The human wake－up call is a way to personalize a guest’s stay.” 四、并列关系 【逻辑关系04】【2016全国II卷】 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers ( 肥料). 18 However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years. E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants. 【解析】18. E。由本段中的第一句Some ...，第二句的Others ...，可锁定E项中的Still others ...，它们 之间为并列关系，故选E项。 【逻辑关系05】【2020新高考卷】 Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.__19__ And like everything else in life，that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.B. You want to be an effective public speaker. 【解析】19. B。根据上文中的“Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.”可知，你的目标不是成为 一个完美的演说家。据此可知，空处与此对应，说明自己的目标是要成为高效的演说家，故选B项。 五、递进关系 【逻辑关系06】11【2023全国甲卷】 ●Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. 37 . “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. A. Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience 37.根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后 文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处， 可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文 Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。also表示递进关系。 六、转折关系 【逻辑关系07】14【2019全国II卷】 Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can't become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. C. However，this should not discourage you. 【解析】40. C。空格前说“例如，你想当飞行员但是却因为视力不够好而当不成”，空格后说“你应该 重新评估你的目标，激励自己重新设定一个目标”。C项“然而，这不应该使你气馁”承上启下，符合 语境，为转折关系。 【逻辑关系08】【2017全国III卷】 Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week，take a look at your record.__20__ If not，take another look at other methods you could try. E. If the steps you take are working，keep it up. 【解析】20. E。考查前后句的连贯。本段谈到对自己所做的计划要记录、评价和调整。本空后的“If not”说明前面是讨论计划有效就应该坚持，因此选E。 七、因果关系 【逻辑关系09】【2020新高考卷】 Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact. most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.__18__ C. You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip. 【解析】18. C。根据上文中的“So，don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.”可知，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知，空处承接上文， 说明犯小错误无需道歉，故C项正确。 【逻辑关系10】【2017北京卷】 One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 72 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that takeplace while we sleep have been unclear. E. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. 【解析】72. E。该段首句说睡眠能帮助人们增强记忆。而E项则给出了结果，学习后如有机会睡眠，那 么学生在考试中就会表现更好，故选E项。