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【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单
专题08 主谓一致典型用法归纳（讲案）原卷版
（快问快答+思维导图+精讲精练+真题分类+作文升格+原创语填）
目录
一、状语从句快问快答 P1
二、状语从句思维导图 P2
考点清单一：语法一致八种典型用法 P 2
考点清单二、就远一致典型用法 P 4
考点清单三、意义一致五种典型用法(表解) P 4
考点清单四、就近一致两种典型用法 P 5
分层训练（一）单句填空（高考真题） P 6
分层训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题） P 6
分层训练（三）单句改错（高考真题） P 7
分层训练（四）主谓一致助力应用文写作 P 7
分层训练（五）语法填空 P 8
（一）主谓一致语篇填空（20 空） P 8
（二）主谓一致语篇填空（10 空） P 8
一、主谓一致快问快答
Q1：什么叫主谓一致？
A1：顾名思义，主谓一致就是句子的谓语动词需要在人称和数方面与句子主语保持一致。
Q2：主谓一致分哪九大类型？
A2：根据功能，分就远一致、就近一致、意义一致和语法一致等。
Q3：学习主谓一致难点在哪里？
A3：一是判断主谓一致属于哪种场合，二是在语法填空和写作中正确运用主谓一致。
Q4：学好主谓一致有什么意义？
A4：一能做好语法填空试题，二能在书面表达巧妙运用主谓一致提升句子表达效果。
Q5：如何才能学好主谓一致？
A5：一是努力掌握主谓一致基本知识框架，二是加强训练和背诵，积少成多，见多识广。二、主谓一致考点思维导图
考点清单一：语法一致八种典型用法
要点精讲1：不定式、动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Why he was absent from the meeting yesterday is being questioned.
Planning so far ahead makes no sense----so many things will have changed by next year.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. When and where to build the new factory ______________(not, decide) yet.
2. What we need _______ (be) enough water, but what they need _______ (be) houses.
3. (2006天津)What we used to think _______(be) impossible now does seem possible.
4. (2010湖南)Listening to loud music at rock concerts ___________(cause) hearing loss in some teenagers.
要点精讲2：分数,百分数,some ,all, most, the rest等修饰名词时,谓语动词与修饰的名词单复数保持一致。
Most of his income has been spent on books.
What is the population of your country?
Seventy percent of the population in that country are still in poverty.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。5. 40% of the population in that country ________(be) young, and two thirds of them _________(not) know how
to read and write.
6. (2006 浙江)The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third __________ (use) regularly.
Now we have 60 working all day long.
7. (2011湖南) One-third of the country__________(cover) with trees and the majority of the citizens _______
(be) black people.
要点精讲3：and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果并列主语指同一个人，同一事物或同
一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each, every, 或no修饰时，
其谓语要用单数形式。
A cart and horse was seen in the direction of the town.
Many a boy and many a girl has made the same mistake in the math exam.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
8. Butter and bread ________(be) their daily food, but the bread and the butter __________(eat) up so far.
9. Early to bed and early to rise __________(make) a man healthy, happy and wise.
10. In our country every boy and every girl ________(have) the right to receive education.
11. (2006江苏) A poet and artist _______ (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature this afternoon.
要点精讲4：a large quantity/amount of…作主语，谓语动词用单数；large quantities/amounts of…作主语，
谓语动词用复数。
A large amount of money is spent on advertisements every year.
Large amounts of special fuel are needed to launch a rocket into space.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
12. (2005山东)With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of earth ________(wash) away each year.
13.(2009福建)---Why does the lake smell terrible?
---Because large quantities of water__________ (pollute).
要点精讲5：the number of…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；a number of表示“若干，许多”，谓
语用复数。
The number of the students in Class 7 is 65. And a number of them are keen on reading.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
14.The number of people invited ______ (be) fifty, but a number of them _______(be)absent for different reasons.
15.(2006全国II)As you can see, the number of cars on our roads __________(keep) rising these days.
要点精讲6：one of …后接定语从句，从句谓语用复数；the only one of 后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数。
Johnson is one of the farmers who live in the valley.
Johnson is the only one of the farmers who lives in the valley.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
16.(2010全国II)Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who________(wear) evening
dress.
17. Tommy was one of the doctors who________ (be) devoted to saving people’s lives in WuHan.
要点精讲7：all, both, each, every, either, neither, none等代词作主语，视意思而定。
Each student in Class 29 has at least three dictionaries.
The students each have at least three dictionaries.
All of the money was given to the poor villagers last month.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
18. The summer holiday is coming and we each ______(be) ready for the picnic in the past weeks.
19."All _______ (be) present and all_______ (be) going on well," our head teacher said.
20. It is reported that many a new house_______________(build) at present in the disaster area.
21. (2008陕西)–Did you go to the show last night?
–Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area___________ (invite).
22. (2012湖南) All the scientific evidence_____(show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming _______ (be)
damaging our health.
要点精讲8：在It is…that…强调句型中也应考虑主谓一致。
It was Jim that was praised by the headmaster this morning.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
23. It is I, who _______ (be) your teacher, will try my best to help you out.
24. It is cutting down of trees that________ (destroy) the habitats of animals.
25. It_______ (be) Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.
考点清单二、就远一致典型用法
要点精讲：主语后面跟有下列介词或介词短语 with，along with，together with, as well as, rather than,
including, like, but, except，谓语动词在人称与数上应与前边的主语一致。
Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to my forty-ninth birthday party last Friday.
Alice, together with her friends, was praised for having won honor for their school.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. (2019江苏) The musician along with his band members ______________(give) ten performances in the last
three months.
2. (2019天津)Amy, as well as her brothers, _________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last week.
3. (2017天津)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best
all-round forms of exercise.
4. No one but John and his teachers _________ (know) the truth of the experiment.
考点清单三、意义一致五种典型用法
用法 标志词 示例
family等集体名词强调整 family, class, The football team is made up of 23 members. 足球队有23名
体谓语用单数，强调成 committee, team, 队员组成。
员谓语用复数 group, crew, The football team are training on the playground.足球队正在
audience 运动场训练。
某些集体名词如 people people, police, The police are searching the forest for the escaped prisoners.
谓语动词必须用复数 cattle, oxen 警察正在寻找逃逸囚犯。
The Chinese people are hard-working and brave.中国人勤
劳勇敢。
单复数同形的名词如 sheep, deer, works, Such a chemical works is to be closed next year. 这样一家化
sheep等作主语时，谓语 means, species, 工厂将于明年关闭。动词应根据其意义或限 Chinese, Japanese This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being
定词决定单、复数。 destroyed.由于栖息地遭到破坏，这个物种几乎灭绝了。
the + 形容词（或分词） rich, the poor, the The rich of the district are responsible.这个地区的富人有责
主语表示一类人时，谓 brave, the injured, 任。
语通常用复数。 the living, the The beautiful is the true.美就是真。
wounded
名词短语作主语表示时 24years, New Eight hours of sleep is enough for a child. 八个小时的睡眠
间、距离、金钱、机构、 York Times 对一个孩子来说已经足够了。
书籍等概念时，谓语动词 The United Nations was founded on October 24, 1945. 联合
常用单数
国成立于1945年10月24日。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Her family_________ (be) larger than mine and her family __________ (watch) TV now.
2. After hearing his inspiring speech, the audience _____________(move) by his story and his words.
3. The committee _________ (make) up of 20 members, who _________ (be) all experts in medicine.
4. The police _____________(search) for the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
5. Every possible means ____________(try) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
6. All possible means ____________(try) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
7. The elderly _____________ (take) good care of in our country at present.
8. Three years___________(pass) since they met last time, and for them, three years_____(be) really a long time.
9. (2017江苏)The publication of Great Expectations, which ___________(be) both widely reviewed and highly
praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist.
10. The beautiful_______ (be) not always useful, while the young_______(be) always striving for something
useless.
考点清单四、就近一致两种典型用法
要点精讲1：并列连词either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but, not only…but also…等连接并列主语时，
谓语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
Is n either he nor you telling the truth?
Not only you but also she is to blame for the traffic accident.
Neither the leader nor the farmers are responsible for the heavy losses.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Not only Jim but also his parents _______ (be) fond of playing basketball.
2. Both you and he _____ (be) to host the Talent Show in our school this year?
3. (2009湖南)Either you or one of your students _______ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
要点精讲2：There be句型及The following句型语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
There is a pencil and two dictionaries on the desk.
There are two dictionaries and a pencil on the desk.
The following is the information about plays which will be on these days.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
4. The following _______ (be) some other examples for you to refer to.5. There _______(be) millions of websites on the Internet and there _______(be) a lot of useful information on
the websites.
6. In the 1980s, buried in the sands ________ (be) an ancient village, like a time capsule.
分层训练（一）高考真题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. (2022新高考II) Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric
hanging from the balcony.
2. (2021 北京) As it ____________ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a
dream.
3. (2021天津) Currently, about 35,000 works ____________(display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it
would take a lifetime to see everything.
4. (2020 江苏) If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that _______ (suit)
everyone.
5. (2020天津) The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and __________(remain) around
that level since.
6. (2020全国II)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers __________ (carry) special significance.
7. (2019全国Ⅰ) Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _____ (be) stable,
one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
8. (2019全国II) I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _______ (make) over the years.
9. (2019全国III) On the last day of our week-long stay, we __________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a
beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.
10. (2017 全国Ⅰ)When fat and salt__________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing
something.
分层训练（二）模拟试题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. Here _______ (be) a pen, a few pencils and some paper for you.
12. Now more than one member _______ (be) against the plan.
13. This kind of cartoons _______ (sell)well in the bookstore while cartoons of that kind ___________ badly
(sell).
14. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, _______ (be) to be built here.
15. E-mail, as well as telephones, ________ (be) playing an important part in daily communication.
16. The father as well as his three children _______(go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in
winter.
17. ---Each of the students working hard at their lessons __________ (read) the book. ---So have I.
18. The number of the students who ________(possess) cell phones ________(be) increasing rapidly, which
affects the normal teaching badly.
19. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ______ (be) essential to their
development.
20. So far a series of problems _____________(bring) about by this decision.分层训练（三）单句改错
下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。
21.（2023全国甲卷）In the evening, when I take a walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become
more meaningful to me.
22. Kate, one of my close friends, come from Guangzhou.
23. Not only the students but also the teacher wish for a holiday.
24. The writer and translator are delivering a speech in our school now.
25. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area needs repairing.
26. Large quantities of food has been sent to the flood-stricken victims in the past few days.
27. The teacher, as well as 6 girls and 8 boys, were visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
28. No one in the department but Tom and I know that the director will resign.
29. The country life the elderly couple was used to have changed greatly since 1992.
30. What the science teacher does and says are of great importance to college students.
分类训练（四）主谓一致助力应用文写作
书面表达句式升级：请运用准确动词时态语态和主谓一致翻译下列各句。
1. (2024新高考I卷) 我们的任务是画一些给我们印象最深的东西。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2023全国乙卷) 学唱英文歌对我来说是难忘经历，这让我艺术性欣赏人生之美。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2022全国乙卷) 结果是说到学英语，学生们喜欢用娱乐的方式而不是传统的方式。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2022全国甲卷) 保护海洋就是保护我们自己。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2022全国甲卷) 海洋对于我们人类就像水对于鱼类一样重要。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2022全国甲卷) 世界海洋日，排在6月8日，目的是提高我们海洋保护意识。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2022新高考I卷) 首先，我们的节目每周工作日下午4：30开始，持续20分钟。这突出校园生活、最
新国内国际新闻。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2022新高考I卷) 我谨代表校广播站邀请你担任我们Talk-talk栏目访谈嘉宾。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2021全国乙卷) 我在这里呼吁的是建立时间表，把线上学习和线下学习结合起来。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2021新高考I卷) 自从我订阅你们报纸以来成为忠实的读者。
___________________________________________________________________________________________分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创）
（一）主谓一致语法填空
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，注意主谓一致。
My new deskmate James, whose parents 1 (teach) English in Guangzhou for ten years,
2 (come) from the United States, which 3 (be) one of the most developed countries in the
world. He as well as his parents 4 (enjoy) living in Guangzhou because neither James nor his
parents 5 (finding) it difficult to adapt to the life in China. In their opinion, many a custom here 6
(be) easy to understand and ten years 7 (be) enough for them to get used to all the customs. I, together
with James, 8 (be) extremely fond of English but physics 9 (seem) rather difficult for us.
Besides, both he and I 10 (be) crazy about reading story books, and the Arabian Nights 1 1 (be)
one of the most interesting books that 1 2 (read) by us. Our class 1 3 (unite) as a big family.
Now the whole class 1 4 (prepare) for the coming sports meet, so large quantities of our recent time 1 5
(spend) on it. What we need 1 6 (be) a qualified coach because being trained properly 1 7 (be) of
great importance. We each 1 8 (be) fully aware that each of us 1 9 (play) an important role in our
class. We have decided to hold a celebration if getting a good result but when and where we are going to hold it
2 0 (decide) yet.
（二）主谓一致语法填空
Why 1 (be) so many people including all kinds of age so afraid of failure? Quite simply
because no one 2 (tell) us how to fail so that failure becomes an experience that will lead to growth.
We forget that failure 3 (be) part of the human condition and that every person 4 (have) the right
to fail.
The old work hard so that either they 5 (be) preventing failure or their child 6 (follow) their
example. One way 7 (be) to lower standards. A child who is not invited to a birthday party, who 8 (do)
not make the honor roll on the baseball team, feels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick
consolation (安慰), prize or say, “It doesn’t matter, because it does. The young should be allowed to experience
disappointment—and be helped to master it.
Failure is never pleasurable. It 9 (hurt) grown-ups and children alike. But it can make a positive
contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one 10 (be) to ask “Why did I fail?”
