文档内容
专题 18 完形填空之夹叙夹议文
2020-2023年高考英语完形填空考情分析
形容 副
卷别 体裁 题材 词数 动词(短语) 名词 介词 连词
词 词
2023新高考I
记叙文 越野赛经历 225 7 7 1 0 0 0
卷
2023新高考II
记叙文 帮狗狗与主人团聚 209 7 3 4 1 0 0
卷
2023全国甲卷 记叙文 不能以外表来判断食物 249 9 4 6 0 1 0
美国体操运动员
2023全国乙卷 记叙文 244 12 3 4 1 0 0
Douglas
2022新高考I
记叙文 宿营的乐趣 218 5 5 3 1 1 0
卷
2022新高考II
记叙文 新型旅行方式 209 5 6 4 0 0 0
卷
2022全国甲卷 记叙文 因狗结缘 277 8 7 1 3 0 0
2022全国乙卷 说明文 玩捉迷藏 261 7 7 4 2 0 0
2021新高考I
记叙文 我的故事 230 9 4 2 0 0 0
卷
2021新高考II
记叙文 警察成功破案 192 7 7 1 0 0 0
卷
2021全国甲卷 记叙文 入住经历 242 10 5 4 1 0 0
2021全国乙卷 夹叙夹议 表达感谢 261 10 7 1 2 0 0
2020全国卷I 记叙文 不要说谎 251 6 8 3 2 1 0
2020全国卷II 记叙文 名画真迹 287 11 4 3 2 0 0
2020全国卷III 记叙文 难对付的顾客 265 8 3 6 1 2 0
从上述统计表看，近几年新高考话题都为中学生所熟悉的话题，体裁都是记叙文(记叙文是最为高考命
题人青睐的高考完形填空的体裁)。备选项所涉及词类的特点是：动词(短语)和名词为主，形容词为辅，偶
尔考查副词和介词(短语)。着重考查考生对文章语境的理解、词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能
力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化的交际能力。所设置的空格特点是：句内层次设空题和句组层次设空题为主，
语篇层次设空为辅。还有一个特点是：I卷的难度明显大于II卷。展望2024年高考，完形填空的命题不会
有太大的变化，难度应该维持在2023年的水平，但选裁上可能有所变化：也许不会再考记叙文体裁，而换
成其他体裁，比如说：夹叙夹议文体裁或议论文体裁。
【题型概述】夹叙夹议类完形填空的特点：
夹叙夹议类的文章通常采用叙议结合的写作方法，文章先进行叙述，然后再在段落的结尾或文章的末尾展开议论，说明故事所包含的哲理或总结出作者的观点。记叙和议论在文中交错运用，有的是以议论引
出记叙，有的是在记叙的基础上发表议论。阅读此类文章时，考生要重点关注议论的部分，从而总结出文
章的主旨。
1.事例→观点：文章首先叙述主人公经历的一件事情或所见所闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己的观点
和看法，从而最终揭示一定的生活哲理。
2.观点→事例：先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来进行说明，一般是
一个事例，也可能是几个事例从不同角度和侧面进行说明。
3.观点→事例→观点：首先提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例进行说明，最后再进一步阐释或者总结
归纳自己的观点态度或看法。
夹叙夹议文既有记叙文的特点又有议论文的某些特征：记叙和议论在文中交错运用，其写作结构一般
有下列几种：“先叙后议”“先议后叙”或“叙议交替”。较之记叙文类完形填空，夹叙夹议文类完形填
空的解题难度要大得多。因而，夹叙夹议文往往是最容易造成考生失分的一种文体。夹叙夹议类完形填空题除了具有记叙文类完形填空题的特点外，还有需要特别注意的是：解题时读懂
全文的清晰思路，抓文意——理文脉——析文法，沿着“三文”的阅读思路，就能够有效提高完形填空解
题的准确率。“文意”是短文所要表达的主题意义，是作者情感态度的流露，是对具体事件的意义的升华；“文
脉”即短文内容发展的线索脉络，是连接短文各个部分的主要线索；“文法”是短文的写作结构和表达手
法。总之，结合首句能比较快速而有效地抓住主题，从而理解大体的“文意”；通过串联各段中的小语境
梳理短文的“文脉”，结合作者的“文法”，把握故事发展的情节，感受作者的情感态度，领会作者要表
达的真实意图。技巧归纳
技巧一：利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题
【题型诠释】
完形对语法知识的测试重点在名词、代词的数和格、动词的非谓语形式、各种从句、主谓一致关系、
并列结构、倒装结构、动词的时态和语态、虚拟语气等方面，并要注意结合词汇的用法、习惯用语的搭配
关系和固定结构，这时考生就需要运用习惯搭配和固定结构来解题。
对于这类题型，学生在平时的学习中，要多掌握一些语法现象、多记多背一些固定结构和习惯搭配，
并掌握它们的基本用法，这样就能够轻松解题了。
【典例1】(2022上·浙江宁波·高三镇海中学校考阶段练习)
During the winter of 1986 I was working at a construction site near Oakland, California. It is not 1 for
construction workers’ hands to become very painful. My hands were no 2 that year. They were bleeding at
the joints of the fingers and thumbs.
3 work because of hurting hands is simply not a good choice in the construction industry. You grit your
teeth(咬紧牙关), keep working, and finish the job. One morning I left for work at 5 a.m. and arrived at a 4 .
As I got out of my truck, I saw a newspaper delivery car and the driver struggling with newspapers. I took a second
look, 5 that the man had no forearms. I was 6 to see him doing a job that would require a(n) physically
gifted person. Still, he was somewhat having 7 with the larger bundles (捆) because his arms weren’t long
enough.
On my way to pay for the gas, I stopped and asked him if I could 8 him. He politely 9 my offer. A
few minutes later while I was refueling, he said, “Hey buddy, would you mind tying (系) my 1 0 for me?” As
I was tying his shoes, he went on to explain that tying his shoes was the only thing he couldn’t do for 1 1 .
I stopped and looked back at him as he was getting into his car. I looked down at my 1 2 . Suddenly it hit
me: I had been complaining about my hurting hands for weeks. That experience made a difference to my hurting
hands. Every 1 3 when my hands start cracking and bleeding, I think back to that 1 4 in 1986. And just
like magic, my hands don’t 1 5 .
1. A. easy B. fair C. unusual D. certain2. A. exception B. problem C. wonder D. sense
3. A. Beginning B. Stopping C. Getting D. Finishing
4. A. factory B. company C. gas station D. police station
5. A. suggesting B. ignoring C. thinking D. noticing
6. A. nervous B. afraid C. happy D. amazed
7. A. difficulty B. fun C. words D. relations
8. A. disturb B. approach C. help D. teach
9. A. examined B. accepted C. considered D. declined
10. A. shoes B. scarf C. feet D. tie
11. A. others B. himself C. work D. me
12. A. legs B. arms C. shoes D. hands
13. A. week B. night C. month D. winter
14. A. encounter B. incident C. trip D. party
15. A. bleed B. change C. hurt D. talk
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. D
13. D 14. A 15. C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在一个建筑工地干活，到了冬天，手经常被冻得裂口子流血。对此他
常常抱怨，而在他看到没有小臂的送报工人后，他再也没有抱怨过。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是拿不动那些较大的包裹，因为他的手臂不够长。A.
difficulty困难；B. fun乐趣；C. words话语；D. relations关系。根据后文“with the larger bundles because his
arms weren’t long enough.”可知，have difficulty with是一个固定搭配，意为“在......很困难”，此处指他还
是拿不动那些较大的包裹，因为他的手臂不够长。故选A。
技巧二：利用生活常识和文化背景解题
【题型诠释】
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若
能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会
大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
解决此类题型时，应该把自己学到的有关文化背景知识和生活常识灵活运用，注意中西文化的一
些差别。但有些没有定论的、或自己没有把握的知识，不能作为判断的依据，这时就要尊重原文的描
述。【典例2】(2022上·浙江杭州·高三学军中学校考阶段练习)
I am a guide at the California Academy of Sciences. Weeks ago I was 1 with a lovely family at the
Academy’s Swamp exhibit. Their young son was 2 by the swallow and asked many questions about it. As the
family was leaving, I asked the boy if he would like a sticker to put on his shirt. He 3 chose a swallow
sticker. The boy’s younger brother spent time 4 all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly. The boy
who had chosen first said softly to his father, “I didn’t see the frog sticker.” His father immediately 5 the boy
to ask me for a second sticker. The boy said, “No, I’m happy with what I have.”
I was 6 . Such wisdom, grace, and 7 , all from an eight-year-old boy. Too often, we 8 to be
happy with what we have and in our forgetfulness we spread the 9 of discontent.
I recently purchased my first laptop computer. In discussions with the 10 , he said, “Within two years,
you’ll probably want a new one anyway.” Why would I want a new one, 11 my old one was working?
Perhaps, “ 1 2 ” is the key word. I won’t 13 need a new laptop in two years but I “will probably want
one”. I may want 1 4 things, but I don’t need them. What I do desperately need is the peace of mind. I need to
15 each of my sudden urges to purchase or possess as either “want” or “need”.
1. A. seeing B. visiting C. leaving D. staying
2. A. trapped B. called C. stuck D. fascinated
3. A. quickly B. slowly C. deliberately D. casually
4. A. going about B. going by C. going for D. going through
5. A. demanded B. suggested C. urged D. persuaded
6. A. satisfied B. astonished C. pleased D. thrilled
7. A. gratitude B. patience C. concentration D. respect
8. A. used B. tried C. pretended D. forgot
9. A. concept B. assumption C. infection D. lie
10. A. cashier B. host C. salesman D. waiter
11. A. if B. for C. but D. besides
12. A. need B. want C. hope D. mind
13. A. obviously B. specially C. simply D. necessarily
14. A. spare B. suitable C. shiny D. similar
15. A. recognize B. identify C. prove D. access
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A
12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过小男孩买贴纸一事，懂得了知足并且能为所拥有的
东西感到高兴的故事，最后论述了想要和需要的区别。
11. 考查连词和介词词义辨析。句意：如果我的旧设备正常工作，我为什么要一个新的？A. if如果；B. for
为了；C. but但是；D. besides除此以外。根据本句前半句“Why would I want a new one(为什么我要一个新
的)”以及下文“I won’t 1 3 need a new laptop in two years(两年内不需要新电脑)”可知，此处作者想表达
的是如果自己的设备正常工作就不需要新的，这一点属于生活常识。故选A。
技巧三：利用对应成分分析法解题
【题型诠释】
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形
成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过
它推断出未知填空的答案。这属于句内层次题。
文章中的意群总是通过一定的逻辑关系连在一起，特别是并列平行的结构。这些结构要么通过标
点符号体现，要么通过并列连词连接。一般来说，这些平行结构所表达的语境是一致的，学生解题时
要特别注意这一点。
【典例3】(2023上·山东泰安·高三新泰市第一中学校考阶段练习)
At the age of 12, I withdrew into my bedroom with my guitar. I had neither musical talent — many 1
music lessons had proved that — nor musical training. My fingers ached as I tried to press down on the strings
without making them buzz (发出嗡嗡声). 2 , I worked my way through 2-, 3- and even 5-chord (和弦) songs
and discovered the 3 thrills of these musical notes. No one 4 me to do this. I did this myself and of my
own free will for a week, and the sense of happiness－ true happiness 5 in absorption in something－has
6 me. Fifty years later, that week’s self-directed practice became a model and 7 for almost every
meaningful thing I have done since. It makes me understand the 8 between achievement and
accomplishment.
The world favors achievement while 9 accomplishment. The former is the completion of the task
imposed (强加) from the outside — the 1 0 being a path to the next task. The latter is the end point of an
activity we have chosen, whose bonus is the sudden 1 1 of happiness.
The seeking of accomplishment always 1 2 people. I learned so long ago in that 1 3 week that
simply lifting one finger from the guitar’s C chord, you should get the most moving 1 4 in tune. I didn’t knowthen it was a major 7th chord, a favorite of some masters’. I just 1 5 accomplishment. That’s real human
“achievement”.
1. A. added B. tailored C. expected D. failed
2. A. Besides B. Instead C. Therefore D. However
3. A. fruitless B. matchless C. effortless D. senseless
4. A. wished B. allowed C. required D. invited
5. A. masked B. rooted C. set D. stuck
6. A. waited for B. passed by C. departed from D. stayed with
7. A. exchange B. reason C. foundation D. priority
8. A. relationship B. difference C. balance D. similarity
9. A. ignoring B. avoiding C. assessing D. defending
10. A. origin B. process C. decision D. reward
11. A. lack B. need C. rush D. dream
12. A. amazes B. concerns C. frightens D. discourages
13. A. adventurous B. dangerous C. memorable D. horrible
14. A. impression B. performance C. scene D. harmony
15. A. pursued B. accepted C. interpreted D. analysed
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C
12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过坚持自学一周吉他，获得了扎根于对某事的专注的真
正的幸福感，这种幸福感伴随着作者并成为他此后所做的几乎每一件有意义的事情的典范和基础。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：前者是完成任务后从外界加强的奖励，使通往下一个任务的途径。A. origin
起源；B. process过程；C. decision决定；D. reward奖励。根据下文“The latter is the end point of an activity
we have chosen, whose bonus”可知，空处和bonus意思接近，reward（奖励）符合语境。故选D。
技巧四：利用语境暗示分析法解题
【题型诠释】
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和
段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。在
句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推断出正确答案。夹叙夹议文以叙述为主，大部分篇幅在描述人物、事件，作者的观点及态度有时就隐含在其中；少部
分篇幅发表议论，议论部分与叙述部分衔接紧密、逻辑严谨(通过“文法”来体现)。【典例4】(2022上·山东烟台·高三莱阳一中校考阶段练习)
Several years ago, a neighbor kid kicked a football and broke a basement window of my house. Due to
financial problems, I 1 it up, thinking I’d get to it someday.
Over the years, I had planned to upgrade to energy-efficient windows. But with the frame (窗框) rusted (锈)
and firmly 2 in the foundation, whoever did it would need to chisel (凿) it out by hand. It would be a 3
process and there were six of those windows in the house. The cost was estimated at $15,000. It was simply 4 .
Honestly, the thought of that window 5 me for years. I knew I needed to fix it, but I had built up the 6
so much in my mind that I put it off again and again.
Then I had a job change and needed to sell the house before moving away. But it was almost 7 to find a
buyer if there was a broken window. So I pulled off the boards to face this thing head-on. I grabbed some rust
remover, 8 it around the frame of the window, and gave it a pull. To my astonishment, it easily 9 . I took
the window downtown. It only cost me $12. I could have 1 0 the problem for only $12 when it occurred, but I
let it bother me for five years!
11 , this isn’t just about my window. Many of us live with broken windows of one type or another. They
are things that seriously affect our 12 of life. If you recognize your broken window, don’t 13 to mend
it. It may turn out to be 1 4 than expected. Usually we suffer more in 1 5 than in reality.
1. A. tore B. made C. boarded D. packed
2. A. lost B. stuck C. buried D. mixed
3. A. brain-burning B. labor-consuming C. energy-wasting D. risk-taking
4. A. in a mess B. beyond control C. at hand D. out of reach
5. A. went against B. relied on C. ate at D. appealed to
6. A. difficulty B. confidence C. confusion D. harm7
7. A. shameful B. impossible C. pointless D. unfair
8. A. blew B. turned C. passed D. spread
9. A. broke B. fell C. moved D. missed
10. A. addressed B. ignored C. delayed D. considered11. A. Luckily B. Consequently C. Unexpectedly D. Actually
12. A. quality B. pace C. way D. meaning
13. A. attempt B. guarantee C. hesitate D. pretend
14. A. easier B. tougher C. rarer D. worse
15. A. practice B. memory C. principle D. imagination
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D
12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者讲述了自己家的窗户被打破后，没有及时修理，但这个问题困扰
他多年，最后发现只需要12美元就可以解决这个问题，因此告诫人们要及时修补生活中的漏洞，否则会干
扰你的生活。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于经济原因，我用木板堵住被打破的窗户，打算以后再修。A. tore撕碎；
B. made制作；C. boarded用木板盖上；D. packed打包。根据上句“a neighbor kid kicked a football and broke
a basement window of my house. Due to financial problems(一个邻居孩子踢球，打破了我家地下室的窗户。由
于经济原因)”和下文“So I pulled off the boards(所以我拆下板子)”可知，窗户被打破了，由于经济原因，作
者只好先用木板堵住。故选C。
高考练场
技巧一：利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题
(2020·全国·高考新课标II卷)
It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be 4 1 to the public
because of Italy’s privacy laws, 4 2 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped
by the “after work auction (拍卖)” 4 3 by the Italian police where things 4 4 on the trains were sold to
the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look 4 5
above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 4 6 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 4 7 the paintings with him. He hung them above the
same table he had 4 8 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 4 9 an art appreciation class, thought that
there was something 5 0 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed (签名)
“Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 5 1 it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French 5 2 he had never
heard of. He bought a book and was 5 3 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chairin the same 5 4 as his father’s painting.
“That’s the garden in our picture,” Nicolo’s son told his father. They 5 5 learned that the painting they
5 6 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They 5 7 the other painting and learned that it was 5 8
Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The 5 9 called the Italian Culture Ministry;
the official confirmed that the paintings were 6 0 and worth as much as $50 million.
41. A. attached B. allocated C. exposed D. submitted
42. A. finished B. delayed C. considered D. tried
43. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run
44. A. shown B. found C. kept D. hidden
45. A. nice B. familiar C. useful D. real
46. A. battled B. debated C. discussed D. bargain
47. A. held B. left C. registered D. brought
48. A. chosen B. received C. ordered D. moved
49. A. missed B. failed C. taken D. led
50. A. concrete B. unusual C. unappealing D. natural
51. A. appreciated B. touched C. researched D. witnessed
52. A. painter B. designer C. author D. actor
53. A. expected B. surprised C. anxious D. ready
54. A. room B. kitchen C. hall D. garden
55. A. apparently B. confidently C. eventually D. temporarily
56. A. owned B. borrowed C. sold D. stole
57. A. collected B. cleaned C. framed D. studied
58. A. suitably B. actually C. rightly D. specifically
59. A. girl B. artist C. family D. police
60. A. copies B. originals C. models D. Presents
【答案】41-45 CADBA 46-50 ADDCB 51-55 CABDC 56-60 ADBCB
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Nicolo的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。后来
他的学艺术欣赏的儿子经过研究发现这两副画可能来自著名画家，他们打电话给意大利文化部，那儿的官
员证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹，价值至少5000万美元。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大利的隐
私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached附加，附属；B. allocated分配；C. exposed暴露；D. submitted上交。根据下文的“because of Italy’s privacy”可知，此处be exposed to“暴露”是一个固定搭配，符合语境，故选C
项。
技巧二：利用生活常识和文化背景解题
(2021年新高考II卷)
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, and has even learned to
41 different dialects (方言), leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor”.
The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a 42 . However, he is more devoted to his “ 43 ” than any real
actor.
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the 4 4
, Wang disguised (伪装) himself and 45 the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the 46 of a
real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the 4 7 of the beggars.
“I often 48 them to drink alcohol. Once they were 49 , they began to talk a lot,” Wang said.
“I’d then 50 myself to use the toilet, 51 what the beggars said, and send the 52 to my
teammates.”
Wang, who is often in 5 3 situations, is also a judo (柔道) master. “As long as I get close enough, no
criminal can 5 4 from me,” he said.
Wang’s 55 won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of
Merit.
41. A. teach B. compare C. assess D. speak
42. A. lawyer B. doctor C. policeman D. businessman
43. A. role B. study C. family D. audience
44. A. mirror B. case C. future D. question
45. A. interviewed B. joined C. arrested D. assisted
46. A. challenge B. experience C. appearance D. freedom
47. A. vote B. sympathy C. permission D. trust
48. A. invited B. forced C. helped D. expected
49. A. drunk B. deserted C. bored D. lost
50. A. guide B. persuade C. excuse D. allow
51. A. refer to B. note down C. ask about D. miss out
52. A. plan B. agreement C. direction D. information53. A. awkward B. dangerous C. unfortunate D. strange
54. A. separate B. recover C. escape D. hear
55. A. courage B. honesty C. kindness D. optimism
【答案】41-45 DCABB 46-50 CDAAC 51-55 BDBCA
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了警察王先生在过去的38年里，多次假扮别人，甚至学会了讲不同的方言，
不顾危险混入犯罪团伙，成功破案的故事。
42. C 根据“a group of thieves often sold stolen goods”和“As long as I get close enough, no criminal can...”
可知，抓罪犯的应该是警察，所以这位60岁的老人不是演员，王先生是一名警察(policeman)。
技巧三：利用对应成分分析法解题
(2021年1月高考浙江卷)
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 36 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer
USA. Three months later I 37 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 3 8 at the thought of living
with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of 39 , my worries had gone.
Everyone was so 4 0 and like-minded that it was very 4 1 to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 42 . We had to 43 everything we
needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 44 way but in 35℃ heat and with a
heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 45 a stairway out of rock. This 46 climbing up and down the side of a mountain
inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never 4 7 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 48 of knowing that my 49 will be on
that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 5 0 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in
my tent. The temperature was close to 5 1 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 5 2
part of my tent.
53 , I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 54 . I think I am
much 5 5 for having taken part in the project.
36. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
37. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
38. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared D. excited
39. A. arriving B. sleeping C. thinking D. walking40. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious
41. A. funny B. good C. lucky D. easy
42. A. tour B. project C. campaign D. course
43. A. drop B. make C. carry D. buy
44. A. nice B. safe C. long D. quick
45. A. build B. test C. clean D. guard
46. A. helped B. ended C. allowed D. meant
47. A. hunted B. trained C. seen D. fed
48. A. satisfaction B. ambition C. expectation D. intention
49. A. work B. memory C. record D. story
50. A. left B. caught C. attacked D. separated
51. A. boiling B. average C. normal D. freezing
52. A. tidy B. dry C. new D. soft
53. A. By the way B. Regardless of that C. Needless to say D. In either case
54. A. survived B. resisted C. escaped D. recovered
55. A. smarter B. stronger C. happier D. busier
【答案】36-40 DDCAB 41-45 DBCCA 46-50 DCAAB 51-55 DBCAB
【导语】本文主要讲的是作者去参加一个志愿项目，历经苦难，后来变得更加强大的故事。
40. 本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。
Everyone was so 4 0 and like-minded that it was very 41. eas y to feel at home.
形容词 并列连词 形容词
从上述分析可以看出，第40题与“like-minded”形成对应关系。因为有and这一并列连词，并且and前后意
思应该一致，由此可知正确选项。
技巧四：利用语境暗示分析法解题
(2021•高考英语全国卷乙)
Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a
41 just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that
express different 4 2 of gratitude (感谢).
My thoughts were soon 43 . We had a woman patient who was 44 from a knee replacement
operation. One afternoon, while 45 to get into bed she collapsed from what was 46 discovered to be aheart attack. The collapse was disastrous, 47 the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she
recovered, though 4 8 , and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks.
She was 49 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge,
we shared in her 50 at her recovery. As she was 51 she was eager to say 52 to each of us in the
nursing team. When she 53 one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague
54 to accept it, saying that we were all just 5 5 our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then 5 6 : “Oh
this isn’t for the 5 7 I had. I take that as a 5 8 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people, 59 lives is part of the job but styling hair is an 60 and
should be rewarded.
41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【答案】41-45 CABDA 46-50 ABCAB 51-55 DCADB 56-60 CDBCD
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人的故事，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
49. 答案A
【解析】本题可通过语境暗示解题。根据下文中“everything that the medical and nursing team had done for
her”可推知，她感激医护人员为她做的一切。thoughtful“周到的，体贴的”；sorrowful“悲伤的”；
fearful“担心的,害怕的”。
名校模拟
(1)
(2023 下·湖北武汉·高三武汉市第十一中学校考开学考试) A serious car crash leads one woman to
rediscover her faith in human kindness.
In March last year, the car I was driving was 1 in a serious crash with another car on a country road. I
soon 2 myself at the centre of a disorder of activity, surrounded by doctors, police, rescuers and members of
the local community. An huge can opener was used to 3 me out of my broken car and 4 an ambulance.
Over the next eight hours, I was transported to hospital, dragged up, X-rayed and diagnosed with a broken
neck. Knowing that I’d 5 death by a fraction of a second sustained me throughout the long wait in the
emergency ward and 6 me to deal with the visible distress of my hospital visitors.
Only after I’d convinced the last friend to 7 could I direct my energies inwards. Flitting (掠过) in and
out of my line of vision during my hospital stay was the Red Cross lady, a 8 presence in white who, from
time to time, placed her head in to 9 cups of tea. After the visitors had gone, she ventured further into my
room to 1 0 that I was all right.
I found myself telling her everything: about the shock of the 1 1 , my fears for my family as a result of my
injuries and about my whole life. While I waited for an ambulance to transport me to another hospital, she stood by
my trolley and held my hand as I off-loaded all the emotion I’d stoically withheld (强忍着地) from my family. She
12 , quiet and non-judgmental.
Even now, the 13 that I have her contact details provides me with great comfort. I look forward to a day
in the not-too-distant future when my guardian angel and I can meet again, in 1 4 circumstances.
In times of crisis, faith can sustain us: for me, my faith in human nature, reawakened by the 15 of a
stranger, has helped ease my journey back to recovery.
1. A. caught B. trapped C. involved D. lost2. A. found B. imagined C. devoted D. dreamed
3. A. push B. force C. get D. turn
4. A. into B. onto C. off D. on
5. A. beat B. met C. survived D. feared
6. A. advised B. forced C. ordered D. helped
7. A. assist B. leave C. participate D. come
8. A. patient B. cheerful C. gentle D. polite
9. A. make B. offer C. drink D. take
10. A. ensure B. consult C. conclude D. check
11. A. accident B. incident C. event D. occasion
12. A. puzzled B. doubted C. stopped D. listened
13. A. power B. belief C. knowledge D. privilege
14. A. happier B. unexpected C. strange D. extreme
15. A. sympathy B. strength C. donation D. kindness
(2)
(2023上·广东深圳·高三珠海市第一中学校联考期末) I am a professor of psychology. Some time ago, I got
halfway through a day of teaching before a co-worker pointed out to me I was quite 1 wearing a different pair
of shoes, one red and one black. I felt so 2 and upset but I would have to go to teach my 3 like this.
When I noticed how much I wanted to disappear and avoid this 4 , I was determined to face it 5 . I walked
into class and 6 to the students that I was wearing two shoes from 7 pairs, and directed their attention
to my feet. Everyone laughed and we went on with class. Years later, a 8 in that class told me that this was
the moment she first thought that maybe, just maybe, she could be a professor, too.
I 9 my mistake because I realized that trying to hide it was weakening my ability to concentrate my
mind on my teaching — but I had no idea that it would also help shorten the 1 0 distance between my students
and myself.
Many contexts may 11 or shame people for making mistakes. Our efforts to avoid them 12 our
desires for success, and how others will respond to our mistakes. We might feel 13 and shame if we do make
some.
However, mistake-making is part of learning new things, and it can 1 4 us closer to others. It 1 5 up
the possibility of accepting mistakes gladly, letting us be more open and engaged in what we are doing.1. A. impatiently B. carelessly C. quietly D. slowly
2. A. confused B. touched C. terrified D. embarrassed
3. A. aim B. book C. course D. feeling
4. A. situation B. direction C. operation D. option
5. A. besides B. moreover C. instead D. otherwise
6. A. shouted B. appealed C. called D. announced
7. A. beautiful B. fancy C. different D. colorful
8. A. worker B. teacher C. student D. peer
9. A. shared B. made C. avoided D. corrected
10. A. physical B. psychological C. critical D. economical
11. A. recognize B. stop C. help D. punish
12. A. result from B. come out C. give off D. take on
13. A. self-control B. self-respect C. self-confidence D. self-criticism
14. A. draw B. force C. push D. affect
15. A. clears B. opens C. turns D. uses
(3)
(2023上·广东佛山·高三佛山一中校考阶段练习) I teach economics at UNLV three times per week. Last
Monday, at the beginning of class, I cheerfully asked my students how their 1 had been. One young man said
that his weekend had not been so good. He had his wisdom teeth 2 . The young man then 3 to ask me
why I always seemed to be so cheerful.
His question 4 , me of something I’d read somewhere before: Every morning when you get up, you have
a 5 about how you want to approach life that day.” I said, “I choose to be cheerful.”
“Let me give you an example,” I continued, 6 all sixty students in the class. “In addition to teaching here
at UNLV, I also teach out at the community college in Henderson, 17 miles down the 7 from where I live.
One day a few weeks ago, I drove those 17 miles to Henderson I 8 the freeway and turned on to College
Drive. I only had to drive. 9 quarter mile down the road to-the college. But just then my car died. I tried to
start it again but failed. So I put my flashers on, grabbed my books, and marched down the road to the college.
“As soon as I got there I called AAA and arranged for a tow truck to meet me at my car after class. The
secretary in the Provost’s office asked me what had happened. “This is my lucky day,” I smiled. She was 1 0
“My car broke down in the 1 1 place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here. If my car was 1 2to breakdown today, it couldn’t have been arranged in a more 1 3 fashion,” I added. The secretary’s eyes
opened wide, and then she smiled. I smiled back and headed for class. So ended my story.
I scanned the sixty faces in my economics class at UNLV. Despite the early hour no one seemed to be 1 4 ,
Somehow, my story had touched them. Or maybe it wasn’t the story at all. In fact, it had all started with a student’s
1 5 that I was cheerful.
1. A. weekend B. task C. sleep D. class
2. A. planted B. removed C. abandoned D. cleaned
3. A. hesitated B. happened C. proceeded D. intended
4. A. persuaded B. warned C. informed D. reminded
5. A. decision B. choice C. beliet D. challenge
6. A. handing B. monitoring C. directing D. addressing
7. A. freeway B. district C. path D. street
8. A. hit B. entered C. exited D. spotted
9. A. extra B. another C. other D. certain
10. A. puzzled B. relieved C. worried D. embarrassed
11. A. lively B. inviting C. tolerable D. perfect
12. A. thought B. supposed C. committed D. meant
13. A. convenient B. considerable C. effective D. available
14. A. alone B. asleep C. active D. available
15. A. faith B. proposal C. observation D. emphasis
(4)
(2023 上·广东江门·高三台山市第一中学校考阶段练习) I’m a mother of three and a psychologist.
Recently, I come to understand what makes childhood valuable in its own right.
One day, when I went to get my 7-year-old son from soccer 1 , the kid 2 me with a downcast face.
The coach had 3 him for not focusing on his soccer drills. He walked out of the school with his head and
shoulders 4 down. He seemed wrapped in 5 . But just before he reached the car door, he suddenly
stopped, crouching (蹲伏) down to 6 something on the sidewalk. His 7 went down lower and lower,
and then, with complete joy he called out, “Mum. Come here. This is the 8 bug (虫子) I’ve ever seen. It has,
like a million 9 . It’s amazing.” He looked up at me, his features overflowing with energy and 1 0 . “Can’t
we 1 1 here for just a minute? I want to find out what he does with all those legs.”The traditional view of such a moment is that it is 12 , or a waste of valuable time. Yet at that moment it
suddenly dawned on me that what sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance (无知) but their 1 3 for
joy. Children’s ability to become deeply 14 in something and get great pleasure is what adults spend the rest
of their lives 1 5 .
1. A. appointment B. display C. practice D. experience
2. A. served B. greeted C. witnessed D. treated
3. A. envied B. criticized C. promoted D. forgiven
4. A. hanging B. settling C. putting D. turning
5. A. shyness B. weakness C. loneliness D. sadness
6. A. pick up B. look for C. stare at D. bring out
7. A. ears B. hands C. mouth D. face
8. A. biggest B. simplest C. strangest D. dullest
9. A. eyes B. arms C. legs D. feet
10. A. entertainment B. delight C. satisfaction D. confusion
11. A. gather B. play C. sit D. stay
12. A. practical B. impossible C. accessible D. unnecessary
13. A. capacity B. respect C. effort D. responsibility
14. A. experienced B. absorbed C. rich D. skillful
15. A. seeking B. studying C. missing D. denying
(5)
(2023上·广东湛江·高三湛江一中校考开学考试) I teach economics at UNLV three times per week. Last
Monday, at the beginning of class, I cheerfully asked my students how their 1 had been. One young man said
that his weekend had not been so good. He had his wisdom teeth 2 . The young man then proceeded to ask me
why I always seemed to be so 3 .
His question 4 me of something I’d read somewhere before: “Every morning when you get up, you have
a choice about how you want to 5 life that day.” I said, “I choose to be cheerful.”
“Let me give you an example,” I continued, addressing all sixty students in the class. “In addition to teaching
here at UNLV, I also teach out at the community college in Henderson, 17 miles down the 6 from where I
live. One day a few weeks ago, I drove those 17 miles to Henderson. I exited the freeway and turned onto College
Drive. I only had to drive 7 quarter mile down the road to the college. But just then my car died. I tried tostart it again, but the engine wouldn’t 8 . So I put my flashers on, 9 my books, and marched down the
road to the college.
“As soon as I got there I called AAA and arranged for a tow truck to meet me at my car after class. The
1 0 in the Provost’s office asked me what had happened. “This is my lucky day,” I smiled. She was puzzled.
“My car broke down in the perfect place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here. If my car was 1 1
to break down today, it couldn’t have been arranged in a more 1 2 fashion,” I added. The secretary’s eyes
opened wide, and then she smiled. I smiled back and 1 3 for class. So ended my story.
I scanned the sixty faces in my economics class at UNLV. Despite the early hour, no one seemed to be 14
. Somehow, my story had touched them. Or maybe it wasn’t the story at all. In fact, it had all started with a
student’s 1 5 that I was cheerful.
1. A. weekend B. task C. sleep D. class
2. A. planted B. removed C. abandoned D. brightened
3. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. cheerful D. delightful
4. A. satisfied B. warned C. informed D. reminded
5. A. sustain B. approach C. lengthen D. enjoy
6. A. street B. district C. path D. freeway
7. A. another B. other C. extra D. certain
8. A. turn out B. turn into C. turn over D. turn away
9. A. left B. grabbed C. covered D. hid
10. A. secretary B. consultant C. assistant D. minister
11. A. thought B. supposed C. committed D. meant
12. A. valid B. considerable C. intentional D. convenient
13. A. headed B. inspected C. saw D. panicked
14. A. alike B. asleep C. active D. available
15. A. faith B. proposal C. observation D. emphasis
参考答案与解析
(1)答案：
1. C 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 12.
D 13. C 14. A 15. D【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者遭遇严重车祸，但就在他处于危难和痛苦之中的时候遇
到了一位善良的女士。女士的善良重新唤醒了作者对人性的信念。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年3月，在乡间公路上，我开的那辆车和另一辆车发生了严重的撞车事故。
A. caught抓住；B. trapped陷入；C. involved卷入；D.lost迷失。根据句中“a serious crash with another car”
可知，作者的车遭遇撞车事故，结合选项，用动词短语 be involved in...，意为“被卷入……中”，作者的
车被卷入一场撞车事故之中是正确的表述。故选C项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很快发现自己处于混乱的活动中心，周围是医生、警察、救援人员和当地
社区的成员。A. found发现，发觉；B. imagined想象；C. devoted致力；D. dreamed梦想。句中“at the
centre of a disorder of activity, surrounded by doctors, police, rescuers and members of the local community”是作
者发生车祸后发现发生在自己身边的事情；find oneself in/at/doing... 表示“(突然)发现自己处于某种状态或
来到某地方”，通常带有一种出乎意料的意味。故选A项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们用一个巨大的开罐器把我从破车里弄出来，上了一辆救护车。A. push
推；B. force力量；C. get 使，让；D. turn转变。根据句中“An huge can opener”和“out of my broken car”
可知，作者被卡车里了，需要把他弄出来；get sb. out of...“使……从……出来”。故选C项。
4. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：他们用一个巨大的开罐器把我从破车里弄出来，送入一辆救护车。A. into
到……里面；B. onto到……之上；C. off从……离开；D. on在……之上。根据句中“an ambulance”和“I
was transported to hospital”下文可知，把作者从车里弄出来后要送进救护车；get sb. into...“让……进
入……”。故选A项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道自己与死神擦肩而过，死里逃生，这支撑着我熬过了在急诊室的漫长等
待，并帮助我应对到医院探病的人表现出的明显痛苦。A. beat击败；B. met遇见；C. survived幸存，活下
来；D. feared恐惧。根据下文可知，虽然作者遭遇严重车祸，但最后康复了，说明他活了下来。故选C项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道自己与死神擦肩而过，死里逃生，这支撑着我熬过了在急诊室的漫长等
待，并帮助我应对到医院探病的人表现出的明显痛苦。A. advised建议；B. forced强迫；C. ordered命令；
D. helped帮助。根据上文“sustained me throughout the long wait in the emergency ward”可知，作者知道自己
活了下来成为他的精神支柱，支撑着他，也帮助他应对各种问题。故选D项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有在我说服最后一个朋友离开后，我才能把精力集中在内心。A. assist帮
助；B. leave离开；C. participate参与；D. come来。根据句中“I direct my energies inwards”可知，朋友们
都离开了，没人打扰，作者才能把精力集中于内心。故选B项。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在住院期间，一位温柔的红十字会女士，穿着白色的衣服，在我视线中进
进出出，不时探出头来给我倒茶。A. patient有耐心；B. cheerful愉快的；C. gentle温柔的；D. polite礼貌的。根据下文“I found myself telling her everything”和“She 12 , quiet and non-judgmental.”可知，作者愿意
向这位红十字会的女士她吐露心声，而且她也只是默默地聆听，由此推知，她一定是一位温柔的女士，值
得信任。故选C项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在住院期间，一位温柔的红十字会女士，穿着白色的衣服，在我视线中进进
出出，不时探出头来给我倒茶。A. make制造；B. offer提供；C. drink饮用；D. take拿取。根据句中“cups
of tea”可知，这位女士主动给作者提供茶水。故选B项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：客人走后，她大胆地走进我的房间，看看我是否安好。A. ensure保证；B.
consult咨询；C. conclude结束；D. check查看。根据句中“I was all right”可知，她是来查看作者是否安好。
故选D项。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己把一切都告诉了她：关于事故事带来的震惊，关于因为受伤我
对家人的恐惧，关于我的整个人生。A. accident意外；B. incident事件；C. event活动；D. occasion场合。
根据“shock”可知，作者说的是这次撞车事故带给自己的震惊或冲击。故选A项。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她静静地听着，不带任何评论。A. puzzled困惑；B. doubted怀疑；C.
stopped停止；D. listened倾听。根据下文“quiet and non-judgmental”可知，作者在倾述时，她只是聆听。
故选D项。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使是现在，知道我有她的联系方式也让我感到非常安慰。A. power力量；
B. belief信仰；C. knowledge知道，了解；D. privilege特权。根据句中同位语从句“that I have her contact
details”可知，这是作者自己知道的事情。故选C项。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我期待着在不久的将来有一天，我的守护天使和我能在更快乐的情况下
再次见面。A. happier更快乐；B. unexpected意外的；C. strange奇怪；D. extreme极端。根据上文可知，作
者是在自己处于危难和痛苦之中与这位女士相识的，所以句中“a day in the not-too-distant future when my
guardian angel and I can meet again”所说的再次见面的时候应该是自己情况好转或康复了的时候，也就是更
快乐的时候。故选A项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在危机时刻，信念可以支撑我们：对我来说，我对人性的信念，被一个陌
生人的善良重新唤醒，帮助我顺利恢复。A. sympathy 同情；B. strength 力量；C. donation 捐赠；D.
kindness善良。根据上文可知，作者在处于危难和痛苦之中的时候遇到了一位善良的女士，给她提供了帮
助，唤醒了他对人性的信念。故选D项。
(2)答案
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 12.A 13. D 14. A 15. B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者通过主动告诉学生自己犯的错误，不但消除了自己内心的
尴尬、沮丧，同时还拉进了自己与学生之间的距离。向他人敞开心扉，不仅可以了解自己，还能将自己与
其他的事情联系起来。
1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：前段时间，一天的教学进行到一半时，一位同事向我指出，我很不小心穿了
一双不同的鞋，一只红一只黑。A. impatiently不耐烦地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. quietly安静地；D. slowly
缓慢地。根据“wearing a different pair of shoes”可知，此处指由于粗心穿错了鞋，故选B。
2. 考查形容词词辨析。句意：我感到很尴尬和沮丧，但我必须这样去教我的课程。A. confused困惑的；B.
touched感动的；C. terrified害怕的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。空处和“upset”并列，结合语境可知，穿错鞋
应是感到尴尬，故选D。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. aim目的；B. book书；C. course课程；D. feeling感觉。根据上文“I
got halfway through a day of teaching”可知，作者一天的教学还没完成，指必须这样去教授课程，故选C。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到我是多么想要消失和避免这种情况时，相反我决定去面对它。A.
situation情况；B. direction方向；C. operation操作，手术；D. option选择。结合语境可知，此处指作者想
要避免穿错鞋这种情况，故选A。
5. 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. besides此外；B. moreover而且；C. instead相反；D. otherwise否则。
根据上文“how much I wanted to disappear and avoid”和“I was determined to face it”可知，前后句是相反的
情况，作者想要避免这样的情况，但是决定去面对它，故选C。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走进教室，向同学们宣布我穿了两双不同的鞋，并把他们的注意力引到我
的脚上。A. shouted大喊；B. appealed呼吁；C. called打电话；D. announced宣布。根据“to the students”可
知，此处指作者作为老师向同学们宣布自己穿错了鞋，故选D。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. beautiful美丽的；B. fancy精致的，奢华的；C. different不同的；
D. colorful多彩的。根据上文“I was quite __1__ wearing a different pair of shoes”可知，作者穿了两双鞋中的
各一只，故选C。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，那个班里的一个学生告诉我，那是她第一次想到也许，只是也许，
她也可以成为一名教授。A. worker工人；B. teacher老师；C. student学生；D. peer同龄人。结合上文“to
the students that I was wearing two shoes…”以及空后“in that class”可知，作者告诉同学们自己穿错了鞋，此
处指班里其中一个学生听完后想到自己以后也可以成为教授，故选C。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我分享了我的错误，因为我意识到试图隐藏它会削弱我专注于教学的能力
——但我不知道这也有助于缩短我和学生之间的心理距离。A. shared分享；B. made制作；C. avoided避免；D. corrected纠正。结合上文“I walked into class and __6__ to the students that…”可知，作者向同学们分享了
自己的错误，故选A。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. physical身体的；B. psychological心理的；C. critical关键的；D.
economical经济的。根据上文“...told me that this was the moment she first thought that...”可知，作者分享错
误后，一个学生告诉作者她一次感觉自己也可以成为教授，故此处指缩短了自己和学生之间心理上的距离，
故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多情况下，人们会因为犯错而受到惩罚或羞辱。A. recognize识别；B.
stop停止；C. help帮助；D. punish惩罚。根据“shame people for making mistakes”可知，犯错误应是会受惩
罚，故选D。
12. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们努力避免犯错是因为我们渴望成功，以及别人对我们的错误的反应。
A. result from由于；B. come out出现，出版；C. give off释放，放出；D. take on呈现。结合句意可知，空
后表示原因，因为我们渴望成功，所以我们努力避免犯错，故选A。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们确实犯了一些错误，我们可能会感到自我批评和羞耻。A. self-
control自我控制；B. self-respect 自我尊重；C. self-confidence 自信；D. self-criticism 自我批评。空处和
“shame”并列，所以指我们犯错时会自我批评，感到羞愧，故选D。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，犯错误是学习新事物的一部分，它可以拉近我们与他人的距离。A.
draw拉（动），（向某个方向）移动；B. force强迫；C. push推；D. affect影响。结合空后的“us closer to
others”可知，此处指犯错能拉近我们与别人的距离，故选A。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它开启了欣然接受错误的可能性，让我们更开放，更专注于我们正在做的
事情。A. clears清理；B. opens打开；C. turns翻转；D. uses使用。根据“letting us be more open”可知，它
开启了欣然接受错误的可能性，故选B。
(3)答案
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12.
D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者向学生讲述自己的车子在离学校不远的地方抛锚而没有在高
速公路上抛锚，这让作者感到很幸运，从而教导学生应该开朗乐观地对待生活。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周一，一开始上课，我就兴致勃勃地问学生们周末过得怎么样。A.
weekend周末；B. task任务；C. sleep睡觉；D. class课。根据后文“One young man said that his weekend
had not been so good.(一个年轻人说他的周末过得不太好)”可知，作者问学生们周末过得怎么样。故选A。2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拔掉了智齿。A. planted种植；B. removed去除，去掉；C. abandoned抛弃；
D. cleaned清理。根据前文“his weekend had not been so good”和“his wisdom teeth”可知，这个学生拔掉了
智齿。故选B。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人接着问我，为什么我总是显得那么高兴。A. hesitated 犹豫；B.
happened发生；C. proceeded进行，继续；D. intended打算。根据后文“to ask me why I always seemed to be
so cheerful”可知，学生告诉了作者自己的周末过得怎样，接着问作者为什么显得那么高兴。故选C。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的问题让我想起了以前在什么地方读到过的一句话：“每天早上，当你起
床时，你都可以选择如何对待这一天的生活，”我说。A. persuaded说服；B. warned警告；C. informed通
知；D. reminded使……想起。根据后文“something I’d read somewhere before: Every morning when you get
up, you have a about how you want to approach life that day.”可知，学生的问题使作者想起这句话。故选D。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，当你起床时，你可以选择如何对待这一天的生活。A. decision决
定；B. choice选择；C. belief信念；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“I choose to be cheerful. (我选择开心度
过)”可知，此处指选择如何对待这一天，故选B。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“让我给你们举个例子，”我接着说，面向全班 60名学生。A. handing递给；
B. monitoring监督；C. directing指导；D. addressing对……讲话，解决。根据上文“Let me give you an
example”指作者继续对着学生讲话，进行举例。故选D。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了在拉斯维加斯大学教书，我还在亨德森的社区大学教书，那里离我家有
17英里的高速公路。A. freeway高速公路；B. district区；C. path道路；D. street街道。根据后文“the
freeway and turned on to College Drive”可知，那个地方有高速公路。故选A。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下了高速公路，转到大学路。A. hit打击；B. entered进入；C. exited出去；
D. spotted发现。根据后文“the freeway and turned on to College Drive”可知，作者到了自己要教书的大学，
所以要下高速，即从高速路出去，故选C。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只需要沿着这条路再开四分之一英里就到了大学。A. extra多余的；B.
another另一个；C. other其他；D. certain某一个，特定的。根据语境和前文“I drove those 17 miles to
Henderson. I 8 the freeway and turned onto College Drive”可知，作者需要再开四分之一英里就到学校，这
时车坏了，表示“再，另一”，后跟mile为单数，应用another。故选B。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很困惑。A. puzzled困惑的；B. relieved安慰的；C. worried担心的；D.
embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文““This is my lucky day,” I smiled. (“今天是我的幸运日，”我笑着说)”可知，
作者遭遇了一系列不幸的事情，还说是幸运日，所以对方很困惑。故选A。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的车在一个完美的地方抛锚了：离这里不远的高速公路旁。A. lively活泼的；B. inviting诱人的；C. tolerable容忍的；D. perfect完美的。根据后文“off the freeway, within walking
distance of here”以及作者提到汽车在这个地方抛锚比在高速公路上抛锚，对作者来说方便多了，步行就可
以去上课，所以认为是完美的抛锚地方。故选D。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就不能安排得更方便了。A. thought想；B.
supposed假设；C. committed承诺；D. meant意思是，打算。根据后文“to break down today, it couldn’t have
been arranged in a more ...fashion”可知，指汽车注定要抛锚，be meant to意为“理应发生，注定”。故选
D。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就没有比这安排得更方便的了。A.
convenient方便的；B. considerable相当大的；C. effective有效的；D. available可获得的。根据前文“My
car broke down in the...place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here.”可知，汽车在这个地方抛锚比在
高速公路上抛锚，对作者来说方便多了，步行就可以去上课。故选A。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然是大清早，但是没有一个学生在打盹。A. alone孤独的；B. asleep睡
着的；C. active积极的；D. available可获得的，有空的。根据上文“Despite the early hour.”可知，作者的故
事感人，所以虽然是一大清早，学生中没人打盹。故选B。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这一切都是从一个学生的观察开始的，他发现我很开朗。A. faith
信仰；B. proposal提议；C. observation观察；D. emphasis强调。根据前文“The young man then 3 to ask
me why I always seemed to be so cheerful.”可知，一个学生观察到作者总是很高兴，引发作者讲这个故事。
故选C。
(4)答案
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. B 11. D 12.
D 13. A 14. B 15. A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己小孩“浪费时间”的事情，发现和成年人不同的是，孩子们
能够深深地沉浸在某件事中，并从中获得乐趣。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我从足球训练中去接我7岁的儿子时，他一脸沮丧地跟我打招呼。
A. appointment约会；B. display展示；C. practice训练；D. experience经历。后文提到“The coach”（教
练），由此判断，作者的儿子应该是参加了足球的训练。故选C。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我从足球训练中去接我7岁的儿子时，他一脸沮丧地跟我打招呼。
A. served服务；B. greeted打招呼；C. witnessed目击；D. treated对待。前文提到“I went to get my 7-year-
old son from soccer practice”（我从足球训练中去接我7岁的儿子）由此判断，作者接到儿子的时候要打招呼。故选B。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：教练批评他没有把注意力集中在足球训练上。A. envied嫉妒；B. criticized
批评；C. promoted提升；D. forgiven原谅。后文提到“for not focusing on his soccer drills”（没有把注意力
集中在足球训练上），因为训练时不认真，所以受到教练的批评。故选B。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他低垂着头和肩膀走出了学校。A. hanging垂下；B. settling安置；C. putting
放置；D. turning转动。前文提到“the kid greeted me with a downcast face”（他一脸沮丧地跟我打招呼），
被教练批评了之后应该是垂头丧气的样子，肩膀也会下垂。故选A。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他似乎沉浸在悲伤之中。A. shyness害羞；B. weakness虚弱；C. loneliness孤
独；D. sadness悲伤。前文提到“He walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down. ”（他
低垂着头和肩膀走出了学校。）作者看到儿子垂头丧气，肩膀下垂的样子，以为他是沉浸在悲伤之中。故
选D。
6. 考查动词词组辨析。句意：但就在他走到车门前，他突然停了下来，蹲下身子盯着人行道上的什么东西。
A. pick up捡起；B. look for寻找；C. stare at盯着；D. bring out出版。后文提到“This is the 8 bug (虫
子) I’ve ever seen. ”（这是我见过的虫子），由此判断，作者儿子蹲下来之后是看到了人行道上的虫子，因
此是盯着看。故选C。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的脸越垂越低，然后满心欢喜地喊道:“妈妈。到这里来。”A. ears耳朵；
B. hands手；C. mouth嘴；D. face脸。后文提到“went down lower and lower”（越来越低），为了看清楚人
行道上的虫子，要把脸贴的越来越近越来越低才能看见。故选D。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我见过最奇怪的虫子。A. biggest最大的；B. simplest最简单的；C.
strangest最奇怪的；D. dullest最迟钝的。后文提到“It’s amazing.”（太让人震惊了），由此判断，儿子觉
得自己看到的虫子是非常奇怪的，因此感到惊讶。故选C。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它好像有几百万条腿。A. eyes眼睛；B. arms手臂；C. legs腿；D. feet脚。
后文提到“ I want to find out what he does with all those legs.”（我想知道他有这么多腿是干什么用的。）由
此判断，儿子应该是观察到虫子的腿，才想要知道这些腿是用来干嘛的。故选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他抬头看着我，脸上洋溢着精力和喜悦。A. entertainment娱乐；B. delight
喜悦；C. satisfaction满意；D. confusion疑惑。前文提到“It’s amazing.”（太让人震惊了）以及“I want to
find out what he does with all those legs.”（我想知道他有这么多腿是干什么用的。）由此判断，儿子沮丧的
心情因为看到了一个奇怪的虫子而恢复过来了，脸上充满了精力和喜悦。故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不能再待一会吗？A. gather集合；B. play玩耍；C. sit坐；D. stay停留。
后文提到“I want to find out what he does with all those legs.”（我想知道他有这么多腿是干什么用的。），由此判断，儿子想要知道虫子的腿是干什么用的话就要待久一点。故选D。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：传统观点认为这样的时刻是不必要的，或者是浪费宝贵的时间。A.
practical实际的；B. impossible不可能的；C. accessible可接近的；D. unnecessary不必要的。后文提到“or
a waste of valuable time”（或者是浪费宝贵的时间。）由此判断，传统意义上来说是浪费时间的事应该是不
必要的。故选D。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而就在那一刻，我突然意识到，孩子与成年人的区别不在于他们的无知，
而在于他们享受快乐的能力。A. capacity能力；B. respect尊重；C. effort努力；D. responsibility责任。前文
提到儿子被教练批评之后垂头丧气，但看见了一只虫子之后重新变得充满精力和开心起来，小孩子会因为
一点事就会开心起来，说明小孩子有享受快乐的能力。故选A。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们能够深深地沉浸在某件事情中，并从中获得极大的快乐，这正是
成年人用他们的余生去寻找的。A. experienced有经验的；B. absorbed全神贯注的；C. rich富有的；D.
skillful熟练的。前文提到“Can’t we stay here for just a minute? I want to find out what he does with all those
legs.”（我们不能再待一会吗？我想知道他有这么多腿是干什么用的），由此判断，小孩子会沉迷于自己感
兴趣的事情中。故选B。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们能够深深地沉浸在某件事情中，并从中获得极大的快乐，这正是成
年人用他们的余生去寻找的。A. seeking寻找；B. studying学习；C. missing错过；D. denying否认。小孩子
很容易被一些事情吸引并且从中获得乐趣，但人长大后这种能力就逐渐降低，因此成年人要用余生去寻找
快乐。故选A。
(5)答案
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12.
D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者向学生讲述自己的车子在离学校不远的地方抛锚而没有在高
速公路上抛锚，这让作者感到很幸运，从而教导学生应该开朗乐观地对待生活。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周一，一开始上课，我就兴致勃勃地问学生们周末过得怎么样。A.
weekend周末；B. task任务；C. sleep睡觉；D. class课。根据后文“One young man said that his weekend
had not been so good.”可知，作者问学生们周末过得怎么样。故选A项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拔掉了智齿。A. planted种植；B. removed去除，去掉；C. abandoned抛弃；
D. brightened更明亮。根据前文“his weekend had not been so good”和“his wisdom teeth”可知，这个学生拔
掉了智齿。故选B项。3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那年轻人接着问我，为什么我总是看起来那么高兴。A. grateful感激的；
B. thoughtful深思熟虑的；C. cheerful高兴的；D. delightful令人愉快的。根据前文“I cheerfully asked my
students”和后文“I choose to be cheerful.”可知，学生问作者为什么总是很高兴。故选C项。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的问题让我想起了以前在什么地方读到过的一句话：“每天早上，当你起
床时，你都可以选择如何对待这一天的生活，”我说。A. satisfied满意；B. warned警告；C. informed通知；
D. reminded使……想起。根据后文“something I’d read somewhere before: “Every morning when you get up,
you have a choice about how you want to 5 life that day”可知，学生的问题使作者想起这句话。故选 D
项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的问题让我想起了以前在什么地方读到过的一句话：“每天早上，当你起
床时，你都可以选择如何对待这一天的生活，”我说。A. sustain维持；B. approach接近，着手处理；C.
lengthen变长；D. enjoy享受。根据前文“you have a choice about how you want”及后文“life”可知，每天醒
来每个人要选择如何对待生活。故选B项。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了在拉斯维加斯大学教书，我还在亨德森的社区大学教书，那里离我家有
17英里的高速公路。A. street街道；B. district区；C. path道路；D. freeway高速公路。根据后文“I exited
the freeway”可知，那个地方有高速公路。故选D项。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只需要沿着这条路再开四分之一英里就到了大学。A. another另一个；
B. other其他；C. extra多余的；D. certain某一个。根据语境和前文“I drove those 17 miles to Henderson. I
exited the freeway and turned onto College Drive”可知，作者需要再开四分之一英里就到学校，这时车坏了。
故选A项。
8. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我试着再发动一次，但引擎转不起来。A. turn out结果是；B. turn into
变成；C. turn over翻转；D. turn away拒绝……进入。根据前文“my car died”可知，引擎转不起来。故选
C项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我开着闪光灯，拿起书本，沿着通往大学的路走去。A. left离开；B.
grabbed抓住，拿；C. covered覆盖；D. hid隐藏。根据语境和后文“marched down the road to the college”以
及“for class”可知，作者汽车坏了，拿起教科书，步行去学校上课。故选B项。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：教务长办公室的秘书问我发生了什么事。A. secretary秘书；B. consultant顾
问；C. assistant助手；D. minister部长。根据后文“The secretary’s eyes opened wide”可知，此处指秘书。故
选A项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就不能安排得更方便了。A. thought想；B.
supposed假设；C. committed承诺；D. meant意思是，打算。根据后文“to break down today, it couldn’t havebeen arranged in a more 12 fashion”可知，如果是汽车注定要抛锚，be meant to意为“理应发生，注
定”。故选D项。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就没有比这安排得更方便的了。A. valid
有效的；B. considerable相当大的；C. intentional有意的；D. convenient方便的。根据前文“My car broke
down in the perfect place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here.”可知，汽车在这个地方抛锚比在高
速公路上抛锚，对作者来说方便多了，步行就可以去上课。故选D项。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也笑了笑，然后去上课了。A. headed朝(某方向)行进；B. inspected检查；
C. saw看见；D. panicked恐慌。根据语境和后文“for class”可知，作者去上课了。故选A项。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然是大清早，但是没有一个学生在打盹。A. alike类似；B. asleep睡着
的；C. active积极的；D. available可获得的。根据后文“Somehow, my story had touched them.”可知，作者
的故事感人，学生中没人打盹。故选B项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这一切都是从一个学生的观察开始的，他发现我很开朗。A. faith
信仰；B. proposal提议；C. observation观察；D. emphasis强调。根据前文“The young man then proceeded
to ask me why I always seemed to be so 3 .”可知，一个学生观察到作者总是很高兴，引发作者讲这个故
事。故选C项。
