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专题 24 完形填空之夹叙夹议文
备考 2023 年高考英语二轮复习讲练测--讲练
命题解读
夹叙夹议文是近年来高考完形填空常见的一种体裁,这类体裁的文章一般具有哲理性,往往从一件看似平
淡的小事中领悟出深刻的人生哲理,因此耐人寻味,可读性较强。
1.在语言方面,这类体裁的文章既有记叙文的特点,同时又具有议论文的特点。
2.在结构上,该文体采用“先叙后议”“先议后叙”或“叙议交替”的写作模式,旨在记叙的基础上,通过议论的
手段,说明作者的态度、观点、思想和目的。选材上会源于真实生活,平淡叙述中流露人间真情,体现理性思
维,人文情怀、参与社会的人文素养。
考点特征
1. 以实词为主,其中动词会占半壁江山,虚词几乎不会考查,并且完形填空题注重对文章语境的理解。
2. 句内层次题(答案由设空所在句子决定,多凭语感可知答案)和句组层次题(答案由设空临近句子决定,
需前后寻找信息或暗示)较容易且所占比重较大,语篇层次题(答案由整篇文章的内涵决定,需统揽全局)考
查较少但难度较大。解题步骤
1. 利用情感态度解题
在做完形填空时,我们一定要在快速阅读文章的基础上,留意能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的词汇。因为
这些词汇通常为我们做题的重要参考线索,可帮助我们快速确定某些题目的答案。
2.利用语境暗示解题
上下文或语境具体体现为:全文的中心和主题、作者的态度和评价、上下文的语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。
无论是句内层次题还是句组层次题,我们常可通过上下文或语境暗示,推导出正确答案
3. 利用平行结构解题
平行结构是指结构相同或相似、意思密切相连、语气一致的句子或词组组成一串排列的语言现象(如由
and, or等连接的短语或句子)。此种结构形式整齐匀称,内容联系紧密,利用它可以提高解题效率。
细节要点:
1.分析结构,抓住作者观点。
在做题时要借助文章结构,认真体会记叙和议论的关系,抓住作者的观点,明确文章的组织方式。看文章
属于上述哪种结构,从而明白作者的思路。
2.重视首句,把握文章主题。
首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作目的,为全面理解文章打
开一扇“窗户”。
3.叙议兼顾,理解议论内涵。
夹叙夹议中叙与议是一个有机的整体,叙是议的基础,而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时,掌握议论部分
的内容是关键,因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来,再结合人物心理和行为的描述,全面把握文章才能正确解题。
4.抓住转换,理清逻辑关系。
抓住记叙与议论的转换,及时调整思维方式,理清上下文之间的逻辑关系,在充分把握语境的基础上,辨
析词语,进一步把握作者的观点、态度,找到正确答案。
解答完形填空题需具备“题文齐读”的技能,也即是一边读文,一边用眼睛的余光扫一下题目。这项技能
要求较高,运用此法要保证注意力高度集中,要具备较强的聚合思维。在平时的训练中要多尝试应用才能默化
成规,内化于心。
经典练一练
1. (2021年新高考I卷 )
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our ___41___ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we
___42___ along Chalk Creek. I was ___43___ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a
rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was ___44___, and his crying let
the whole campground know it. So ___45___ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It ___46___ — he didn’t
end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ___47___, but storms move in fast
in the mountains, and this one quickly ___48___ our peaceful morning trip. The ___49___ picked up and thunder
rolled. My husband stopped fishing to ______50______ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No ______51______. We
were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there ______52______, a fisherman pulled up,
threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were ______53______.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of
______54______, wondering what camping fun and ______55______ we will experience next.
41.A.ideas B.jokes C.memories D.discoveries
42.A.camped B.drove C.walked D.cycled
43.A.annoyed B.surprised C.disappointed D.worried
44.A.unhurt B.unfortunate C.uncomfortable D.unafraid
45.A.due to B.instead of C.apart from D.as for
46.A.worked B.happened C.mattered D.changed
47.A.signed up B.calmed down C.checked out D.headed off48.A.arranged B.interrupted C.completed D.recorded
49.A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed
50.A.find B.hide C.start D.fix
51.A.luck B.answer C.wonder D.signal
52.A.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplessly
53.A.sorry B.brave C.safe D.right
54.A.relief B.duty C.pride D.excitement
55.A.failure B.adventure C.performance D.Conflict
【答案】41.C 42.A 43.D 44.C 45.B 46.A 47.D 48.B 49.A 50.C 51.A 52.D
53.C 54.D 55.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事
与冒险,并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们的一些记忆很有趣,尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A. ideas想
法;B. jokes笑话;C. memories记忆;D. discoveries发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping experiences
over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little”可知,作者在讲述以
前一些经历,这些经历回想起来很有趣,因此作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C项。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一次,我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营;B. drove开车;C. walked散
步;D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over
the past ten years.”可知,作者与家人在过去的十年来有着美妙的露营经历,而此处作者讲述的是其中的一次经
历,他们一起在溪边露营。故选A项。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒的;B. surprised
惊讶的C. disappointed失望的;D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to
our spot.”可知,作者把一根绳子系在儿子的腰上就是怕自己的孩子会掉进小溪里,所以可知作者对此是很担心
的。故选D项。44.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他很不舒服,他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受伤的;B.
unfortunate不幸的;C. uncomfortable不舒服的;D. unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his
waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可知,孩子之所以哭是
因为身上被绑绳子而感觉不舒服。故选C项。
45.考查介词短语辨析。句意:所以我没有把他绑起来,而是密切关注着他。A. due to由于;B. instead of代
替,而不是;C. apart from 除了;D. as for 至于。根据上文“He was___4___, and his crying let the whole
campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可知,因为孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服,所
以作者换了另一种方式,选择密切关注他,而不是在他身上绑绳子。故选B项。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意:它起作用了,他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用;B. happened发生;
C. mattered事关紧要;D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可知,孩子没有掉进小溪里是
因为作者在密切关注着他,以防他掉下去,因此可知作者采取的这种关注小孩而不是用绳子把他绑起来的方式
起作用了。故选A项。
47.考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们出发时,天空很晴朗,但山中风暴来势汹汹,风暴很快中断了我们平静的
晨间旅行。A. signed up注册,报名;B. calmed down冷静下来;C. checked out退房,结账离开;D. headed off
启程,出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可知,天气突然
变化,出发时还天气晴朗。故选D项。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们出发时,天空很晴朗,但山中风暴来势汹汹,风暴很快中断了我们平静的
晨间旅行。A. arranged安排;B. interrupted中断;C. completed完成;D. recorded记录。根据上文“storms
move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可知,因为风暴来临,所
以作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B项。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意:狂风大作,雷声隆隆。A. wind风;B. noise噪音;C. temperature温度;D.
speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”以及下文的“thunder rolled.”可知,天气变得很糟糕,
大风刮了起来。故选A项。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到;B. hide隐藏;C. start启动;D. fix
修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知,
作者他们被困在湖中央,是因为马达坏了,发动不起来,因此可知作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C项。
51.考查名词词义辨析。句意:没有好运。A. luck好运;B. answer回答;C. wonder惊奇;D. signal信号。根
据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知,作者的丈夫再次尝试启动,船依然无法
启动,因此可知他们运气很差,没有好运。故选A项。52.考查副词词义辨析。句意:当我们无助地坐在那里时,一个渔夫停了下来,扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖
了回来。A. patiently耐心地;B. tirelessly不知疲倦地;C. doubtfully怀疑地;D. helplessly无助地。根据上文
“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知,在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了,作者与家
人十分无助地坐着。故选D项。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的;B. brave勇敢的;C. safe安全的;D. right正
确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可知,作者他们得到了渔夫的帮助,
因此作者和家人安全了。故选C项。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在,每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时,我们都会充满兴奋,想知道
接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济;B. duty职责;C. pride自豪;D. excitement兴奋。
根据上文的“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage”以及下文的“wondering what
camping fun”可知,作者他们一看到丈夫把露营车拉出来时,他们就会想知道接下来露营的乐趣是怎么样的,
因此可知作者他们是期待接下来的露营,对此充满兴奋之情。故选D项。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在,每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时,我们都会充满兴奋,想知道
接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败;B. adventure冒险;C. performance表现;D.
conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a
sense of___14___, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可知,作者与家人想知道
下一次露营的乐趣是什么,因此也十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B项。
2.(2022年6月浙江卷)
Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ____16____ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky
shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out
____17____ he were flying, his eyes wide with ____18____. His trust in me is ____19____ which is quite a nice
feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ____20____ .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ____21____ , it will need more effort and
sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ____23____ relationship that it’s something that can’t
____24____ to lose. Every time I _____25_____ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and
feels _____26_____ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt ._____27_____ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to
_____28_____ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down._____29_____ in the workplace, trust is important for strong _____30_____ . It is something that every
manager should work hard to _____31_____ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to
_____32_____ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A _____33_____ of trust can make
people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be _____34_____
you their best. Good _____35_____, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
16.A.deserve B.miss C.love D.know
17.A.as if B.in case C.even though D.so that
18.A.fear B.excitement C.doubtD.astonishment
19.A.reasonableB.limited C.absolute D.important
20.A.reliefB.satisfaction C.achievement D.responsibility
21.A.olderB.busier C.quieter D.healthier
22.A.on my behalf B.on my partC.in my honor D.in my name
23.A.long-distance B.high-risk C.parent-child D.teacher-student
24.A.afford B.choose C.wait D.expect
25.A.attach B.compare C.adjust D.introduce
26.A.safe B.happy C.proudD.grateful
27.A.Above all B.In addition C.At first D.For example
28.A.admitB.believe C.suggest D.imagine
29.A.However B.Therefore C.Similarly D.Fortunately
30.A.affection B.determination C.friendshipD.leadership
31.A.assess B.organize C.develop D.understand
32.A.repeat B.follow C.change D.forget
33.A.gesture B.measure C.bond D.lack
34.A.telling B.giving C.selling D.sending
35.A.management B.personality C.communicationD.education
【答案】
16.C 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.D 21.A 22.B 23.C 24.A 25.D 26.A 27.D 28.B
29.C 30.D 31.C 32.B 33.D 34.B 35.A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。短文论述了信任的重要性。16.考查动词词义辨析。句意:孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A. deserve值得;
B. miss错过;C. love爱;D. know知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知,孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓
住。故选C项。
17.考查连词短语词义辨析。句意:他伸出胳膊和腿,好像在飞,他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. as if 好
像;B. in case以防;C. even though即使;D. so that以便。根据“he were flying”可知,本句为虚拟语气,好像
在飞。故选A项。
18.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他伸出胳膊和腿,好像在飞,他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. fear害怕;B.
excitement兴奋;C. doubt怀疑;D. astonishment惊讶。根据上文“He throws his arms and legs out 2
he were flying,”可知,他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。故选B项。
19.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他对我的信任是绝对的,这是一种很好的感觉,但同时也给了我巨大的责任
感。A. reasonable合理的;B. limited有限的;C. absolute完全的,绝对的;D. important重要的。根据上文
“Again, Daddy, again!”可知,孩子要求一次次被仍向空中,由此可知,他对父亲是完全信任的。故选C项。
20.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他对我的信任是绝对的,这是一种很好的感觉,但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。
A. relief宽慰;B. satisfaction满意;C. achievement成就;D. responsibility责任。结合语境,此处指孩子对父亲
的信任也成为了父亲的责任,即他有让孩子信任自己的责任。故选D项。
21.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我希望杰基能永远完全信任我,但我知道,随着他长大,这需要我付出更多
努力和做出正确的判断。A. older年龄较大的;B. busier较为忙的;C. quieter较安静的;D. healthier较健康的。
根据下文“it will need more effort and sound judgment ____7____”可知,随着他长大,这需要作者付出更多努力
和做出正确的判断。故选A项。
22.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:我希望杰基能永远完全信任我,但我知道,随着他长大,这需要我付出更
多努力和做出正确的判断。A. on my behalf代表我;B. on my part就我来说;C. in my honor以我的名誉;D. in
my name以我的名义。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系,所以需要“我”付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。
故选B项。
23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分,它是一种不能失去的东西。A. long-
distance长途的;B. high-risk高风险的;C. parent-child父母子女的;D. teacher-student师生的。本段在探讨作
者与儿子之间的关系,所以是一中亲子关系。故选C项。
24.考查动词词义辨析。句意:信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分,它是一种不能失去的东西。A. afford支
付得起;B. choose 选择;C. wait 等待;D. expect 期望。根据上文“Trust is such an important part of
a ____8____ relationship”可知,它是一种不能失去的东西。afford to do sth“能够做某事”。故选A项。25.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每次我给杰克介绍新东西,他都会去做,只是因为他相信我,觉得安全,因为
他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach贴上;B. compare对比;C. adjust调整; D. introduce介绍。根据下文“to
something new”可知,作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D项。
26.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:每次我给杰克介绍新东西,他都会去做,只是因为他相信我,觉得安全,因
为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe安全的;B. happy快乐的;C. proud自豪的; D. grateful感激的。根据上文
“he trusts me”可知,只是因为他相信作者,觉得安全。故选A项。
27.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:例如,教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时,如果他溺水,
我能去救他。A. Above all首先重要的是;B. In addition除此之外;C. At first首先;D. For example例如。根据
下文“teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ____13____ ”可知,作者在举例子。故选D项。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意:例如,教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时,如果他溺水,我
能去救他。A. admit承认;B. believe相信;C. suggest建议;D. imagine想象。根据上文“because he trusts me”
可知,教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时,如果他溺水,作者能去救他。这是父子信任的一
个很好的例子。故选B项。
29.考查副词词义辨析。句意:同样,在工作场所,信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. However然而;B.
Therefore因此;C. Similarly相似地;D. Fortunately幸运地。作者从父子之间的信任转移到职场,所以同样,
在工作场所,信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选C项。
30.考查名词词义辨析。句意:同样,在工作场所,信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. affection感情;B.
determination决定;C. friendship友谊;D. leadership领导力。根据下文“It is something that every manager”可知,
信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选D项。
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估;B. organize
组织;C. develop发展,培养;D. understand理解。根据常识可知,信任需要培养。故选C项。
32.考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果人们不信任你,他们就不太可能听从你的指示,并不愿意成为忠诚的团队
成员。A. repeat重复;B. follow跟随;C. change改变; D. forget忘记。根据上文“If people don’t trust you”可
知,人们不信任你,他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选B项。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意:缺乏信任会让人们与你作对,而不是帮助你。A. gesture姿势;B. measure测量;
C. bond纽带;D. lack缺少。根据下文“make people work against you rather than for you”可知,缺乏信任会让人
们与你作对。故选D项。
34.考查动词词义辨析。句意:至少,这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling告诉;B. giving给;C.
selling卖;D. sending发送。其他人不信任你,所以不会给你最好的回应。故选B项。35.考查名词词义辨析。句意:好的管理,就像好的育儿一样,是一种长期的承诺。A. management管理;B.
personality个性;C. communication交流;D. education教育。根据上文“in the workplace”以及“manager”客户,
作者在说管理。故选A项。
3.(2021年6月全国乙卷)
Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a
___21___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that
express different ___22___ of gratitude (感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___23___. We had a woman patient who was ___24___ from a knee replacement
operation. One afternoon, while ___25___ to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was ___26___ discovered
to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___27___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she
recovered, though ___28___, and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks.
She was ___29___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we
shared in her ______30______ at her recovery. As she was ______31______ she was eager to say ______32______
to each of us in the nursing team. When she ______33______ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her
hand. My colleague ______34______ to accept it, saying that we were all just ______35______ our job. The patient
looked puzzled, and then ______36______:“Oh this isn’t for the______37______ I had. I take that as a
______38______. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,______39______lives is part of the job but styling hair is an
______40______ and should be rewarded.
21. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
22. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
23. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
24. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
25. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
26. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
27. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
28. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
29. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
30. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
31. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
32. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes33. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
34. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
35. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
36. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
37. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
38. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
39. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
40. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D
35. B 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人的故事,表达了我们应该对别人
的付出表示真诚的感谢,即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工;B. chemist化学家;
C. nurse护士;D. doctor医生。根据下文“As she was ______ she was eager to say ______ to each of us in
the nursing team.”可知,当时作者是一名护士。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我突然想到,如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语,那会容易得多。A.
grades等级;B. meanings意思;C. needs需求;D. expectations期待。根据上文“Simply saying thank you
doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.”可知,作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词,那么感谢就容易得多
了。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside不理会;B. put to the test接受考验;
C. brought under discussion在讨论中;D. taken into account考虑。根据下文“She was ______ for everything
that the medical and nursing team had done for her.”以及语境可知,女病人对护士们的做法使得作者的想法很快进
行了测验。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing离开;B. escaping逃跑;C.
retiring退休;D. recovering恢复。根据下文“from a knee replacement operation”可知,此处表示病人正在恢复
中。故选D。
【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:一天下午,当她试图上床睡觉时,她因心脏病发作摔倒了。A. attempting试图;B.
choosing选择;C. pausing暂停;D. promising承诺。根据上文“We had a woman patient who was ______
from a knee replacement operation.”可知,她是膝盖有问题的病人,此处表示她试图上床睡觉。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:一天下午,当她试图上床睡觉时,她因心脏病发作摔倒了。A. eventually最后;B.
fortunately幸运地;C. casually随意地;D. secretly秘密地。根据上文“We had a woman patient who was
______ from a knee replacement operation.”以及下文“discovered to be a heart attack”可知,此处表示最终发现
病人摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:这次摔倒是灾难性的,需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估;B.
requiring需要;C. forming形成;D. proving证明。根据上文“The collapse was disastrous”可知,此处表示需要
紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:虽然很慢,但她恢复了,四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly轻微地;B. accidently意
外地;C. slowly缓慢地;D. happily幸福地。根据上文“the collapse was disastrous”以及“But she recovered,
though”可知,此处表示她恢复得很慢。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的;B.
thoughtful体贴的;C. sorrowful伤心的,悲伤的;D. fearful恐惧的。根据下文“As she was ______ she was
eager to say ______ to each of us in the nursing team.”可知,她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在她出院那天,我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜;B. delight喜悦;C.
curiosity好奇心;D. disappointment失望。根据下文“her recovery”可知,此处表示分享她康复的喜悦。故选
B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:当她要离开时,她渴望和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术;B.
thinking思考;C. hesitating犹豫;D. leaving离开。根据上文“On her day of discharge,”可知,女病人要出院了,
此处表示当她即将离开医院时。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:当她要离开时,她渴望和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉;B. hello你
好;C. goodbye再见;D. yes同意。根据下文“to each of us in the nursing team.”可知,此处表示女病人要出院时,渴望和护理团队的人说再见,say goodbye to sb.表示“和某人说再见”,符合语境。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:当她走到一个护士身边时,她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached到达;
B. consulted咨询;C. introduced介绍;D. persuaded说服。根据下文“one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound
note into her hand.”可知,此处表示她走到护士的身边。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的同事拒绝接受,说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望;B.
pretended假装;C. failed失败;D. refused拒绝。根据下文“saying that we were all just ______ our job.”可知,
作者的同事拒绝收下女病人给的钱。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的同事拒绝接受,说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受;B. doing
做;C. securing获得;D. starting开始。根据上文“My colleague ______ to accept it, saying that we were all
just”可知,此处表示作者的同事告诉女病人,她照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:这个病人看起来很困惑,然后回复到:“噢,这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它
是应该的。不,这是为了昨天为我整理头发的。”A. repeated重复;B. recited背诵;C. replied回答,回应;D.
reported报道。根据下文““Oh this isn’t for the ______ I had. I take that as a ______. No, this is for setting my
hair yesterday.””可知,此处表示女病人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个病人看起来很困惑,然后回复到:“噢,这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它
是应该的。不,这是为了昨天为我整理头发的。”A. courage勇气;B. patience耐心;C. duty职责;D. care照
顾。根据下文“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知,女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。故
选D。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个病人看起来很困惑,然后回复到:“噢,这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它
是应该的。不,这是为了昨天为我整理头发的。”A. goal目标;B. given该给的东西;C. push推力;D.
greeting招呼。根据下文“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知,此处表示女病人说她得到的照顾是护士
们应该给她的(东西)。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:对许多人来说,拯救生命是工作的一部分,但发型是额外的,应该得到奖励。A.
risking冒险;B. changing改变;C. saving拯救;D. building建设。根据上文“But she recovered, though______ , and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks.”以及常识可知,医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生
命,此处表示很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:对许多人来说,拯救生命是工作的一部分,但做发型是额外的事情,应该得到奖励。
A. honour荣誉;B. ability能力;C. opening开口处;D. extra额外的东西。根据上文“To many people, ______
lives is part of the job but styling hair is an”可知,此处表示做发型是本职工作以外的事情,即额外做的事情,应
该得到奖励。故选D。
4.(2021年1浙江)
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to____56____on the Internet and discovered Volunteer
USA. Three months later I____57____myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was____58____at the thought of living
with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of____59____, my worries had gone.
Everyone was so____60____and like-minded that it was very____61____to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day____62____. We had to____63____everything we
needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a____64____way but in 35℃ heat and with a
heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to____65____a stairway out of rock. This____66____climbing up and down the side of a mountain
inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never____67____.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The____68____of knowing that my____69____will be on
that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were____70____in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my
tent. The temperature was close to____71____. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the
only____72____part of my tent.
____73____, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I____74____. I think I
am much____75____for having taken part in the project.
56. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
57. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
58. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared D. excited
59. A. arriving B. sleeping C. thinking D. walking
60. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious
61. A. funny B. good C. lucky D. easy
62. A. tour B. project C. campaign D. course63. A. drop B. make C. carry D. buy
64. A. nice B. safe C. long D. quick
65. A. build B. test C. clean D. guard
66. A. helped B. ended C. allowed D. meant
67. A. hunted B. trained C. seen D. fed
68. A. satisfaction B. ambition C. expectation D. intention
69. A. work B. memory C. record D. story
70. A. left B. caught C. attacked D. separated
71. A. boiling B. average C. normal D. freezing
72. A. tidy B. dry C. new D. soft
73. A. By the way B. Regardless of that C. Needless to say D. In either case
74. A. survived B. resisted C. escaped D. recovered
75. A. smarter B. stronger C. happier D. busier
【答案】56. D 57. D 58. C 59. A 60. B 61. D 62. B 63. C 64. C 65. A 66. D 67. C 68. A 69. A
70. B 71. D 72. B 73. C 74. A 75. B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机
会,虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水,为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难,仍然感谢这个经历让
自己变得更坚强。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A. calculate计算;B. negotiate协商;
C. advertise登广告;D. research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知,作者在
网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:三个月后,我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagined想象;B.
introduced介绍;C. enjoyed喜欢;D. found发现。根据前文的“I began to___1___on the Internet…”可知,作者
之前还在网上查阅,三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。
【58题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月,我很害怕。A. annoyed烦恼的;B.
surprised惊讶的;C. scared害怕的;D. excited兴奋的。根据后面的“my worries had gone.”可知,我一开始很
担忧。故选C项。
【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A. arriving到达;B. sleeping睡觉;C.
thinking思考;D. walking行走。根据“feel at home”得知到达目的地不久,作者就不担心了。故选A项。
【60题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. confident自
信的;B. friendly友好的;C. energetic活力的;D. curious好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded”可推断,作者感
觉大家都很友好。故选B项。
【61题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. funny搞笑的;
B. good好的;C. lucky幸运的;D. easy容易的。根据“that like-minded”和“feel at home”得知大家都很友好并
且志趣相投,感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。
【62题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour游览;B. project项目;C.
campaign活动;D. course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知,这是在说当志愿者的项目,
原词复现。故选B项。
【63题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop掉下;B. make制
作;C. carry携带;D. buy购买。根据下文“with a heavy pack”可知,作者他们要背负着必需品走。故选C项。
【64题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:可能看起来不远,但是在35度高温下,背着沉重的物品,我的腿像是着了火。
A. nice好的;B. safe安全的;C. long长的;D. quick快的。根据前文“walk three miles”可知,作者他们走的路
程不远。故选C项。
【65题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造;B. test测试;C. clean清洁;D.
guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知,作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮
子攀爬。故选A项。
【66题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A. helped帮助;B. ended结束;
C. allowed允许;D. meant意味。根据“climbing up and down”可知,台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故
选D项。
【67题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然我应该说他们只被听说过,从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎;B. trained训练;C. seen看到;D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知,作者以前没有见过。故
选C项。
【68题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上,我的满足感是巨大的。A.
satisfaction满意;B. ambition雄心;C. expectation期待;D. intention意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway
came into being”可知,我修的台阶成型了,我很满意。故选A项。
【69题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上,我的满足感是巨大的。A.
work工作,作品;B. memory回忆;C. record记录;D. story故事。根据上文的“My job was to”以及“a
beautiful stairway came into being”可知,修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。
【70题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是在最后一晚,我们被困在雷雨中。A. left离开;B. caught捉住;C. attacked袭
击;D. separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知,作者他们被困
在雷雨中。故选B项。
【71题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意:温度接近零度。A. boiling煮沸的的;B. average平均的;C. normal正常的;D.
freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。
【72题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A. tidy干净的;B. dry干的;C.
new新的;D. soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part of my tent”可知,帐篷里进了水,作者蜷缩
在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。
【73题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下;B. Regardless of that尽管这
样;C. Needless to say 不用说;D. In either case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐
篷漏水可知,作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。
【74题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意:但是我知道不论人生中面对什么,我都在这,我都活了下来。A. survived生存;B.
resisted反抗;C. escaped逃离,抓牢;D. recovered恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my
life I was there.”可知,作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来,挺过去。故选A项。
【75题详解】
考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意:我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A. smarter更聪明的;B. stronger更强壮的;C. happier更快乐的;D. busier更忙碌的。根据前文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I
was there.”可知,作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。
5.(2020年全国卷I)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a
window. The ___ 1 ___ is obvious. If we ___ 2 ___ it is a door, they’ll want to go outside ___ 3 ___ . It will drive us
crazy. The kids apparently know the ___ 4 ___ . But our insisting it’s ___ 5 ___ a window has kept them from ___ 6 ___
millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll ___ 7 ___ and discover that everything they’ve always known about
windows is a ___ 8 ___ .
I wonder if ___ 9 ___ should always tell the truth no matter the ______ 10 ______ . I have a very strong
______ 11 ______ that the lie we’re telling is doing ______ 12 ______ damage to our children. Windows and doors
have ______ 13 _____ metaphorical(比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a
door. What if later in ______ 14 ______ they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity(机会) of some sort, and
______ 15 _____ opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just _____ 16 ______ it and wonder, "What if it
isn’t a door?" That is, "What if it isn’t a ______ 17 _____ opportunity?"
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the _____ 18 ______ is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just
______ 19 _____ repeatedly having to say, "No. We can’t go outside now." Then when they come to other doors in
life, whether they are real or metopherical, they won’t ______ 20 _____ to open them and walk through.
1. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case
2. A. admit B. believe C. mean D. realize
3. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually
4. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth
5. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly
6. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting
7. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out
8. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact
9. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers
10. A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences
11. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt
12. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral13. A. traditional B. important C. double D. original
14. A. life B. time C. reply D. history
15. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless ofD. instead of
16. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of
17. A. real B. typical C. similar D. limited
18. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret
19. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept
20. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. C
13. B 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. C
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者以现实中的门,引申出生活中的“门”,从而探讨了一种教育理念。
作者认为家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相,这样,孩子们才可以在生活的道路上,不再被各种“进退两难”所
困扰,从而抓住机遇,勇往直前。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:原因是明显的。A. relief安慰; B. target目标;C. reason原因;D. case情况。根据
下文If we 42 it is a door, they'll want to go outside_43.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思
是“原因是明显的”。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我们承认它是一扇门,他们就会不断地想出去。A. admit 承认;B. believe相
信;C. mean意味着;D. realize意识到。下文they'll want to go outside_43.说他们就会经常想出去,那必然是作
者承认了它是一扇门。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:如果我们承认它是一扇门,他们就会不断地想出去。A. gradually逐步地;B.
constantly不断地;C temporarily临时地;D casually随便地。根据下文I should just_59 repeatedly having to say,
"No. We can't go outside now. "可推测出,孩子们会不断地想出去。故选B。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:孩子们显然知道这个真相。A. result结果;B. danger危险;C. method方法;D.
truth真相。下文But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.说
阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试,和下文的I hate lying to the kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。故选
D。
【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:但是,我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户,阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。
A. merely只不过;B. slightly轻微地;C. hardly几乎不;D. partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们,所以轻描淡写地
说,它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意:但是,我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户,阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。
A. reviewing回顾;B. approving赞成;C. receiving收到;D. attempting尝试。根据millions of requests to open
the door可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:有一天,他们会开始了解真相,并且发现,一直以来,他们所知道的关于窗户的一
切,是一个谎言。A. win out最后获得成功;B. give up放弃;C. wake up开始了解真相;D. stand out站出来。
根据and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 48.可知有一天,孩子们会开始了解真
相。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:有一天,他们会开始了解真相,并且发现,一直以来,他们所知道的关于窗户的一
切,是一个谎言。A. dream梦想;B. lie谎言;C. fantasy幻想;D. fact事实。根据I hate lying to the kids.以及结
合前文作者把门说成窗户,可知这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切,是一个谎言。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我想知道父母是否应该说出真相,无论结果如何。A. parents父母;B. twins双胞胎;
C. colleagues同事;D. teachers老师。根据下文to our children,可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出
真相。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我想知道父母是否应该说出真相,无论结果如何。A. restrictions限制;B.
explanations解释;C. differences差异;D. consequences结果。根据they'll want to go outside_43.可知一旦我说出
真相,孩子们就总想着打开门出去,这是一种说出真相的“后果”。故选D。
【11题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我有一种强烈的害怕,害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A.
demand要求;B. fear害怕;C. desire欲望;D. doubt怀疑。根据that the lie we're telling is doing 52 damage to
our children.和Maybe it's an unreasonable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。故选B。
【12题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我有一种强烈的害怕,害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A.
physical身体的;B biological生物的;C. spiritual心灵的;D. behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会时,犹豫不前。由此可知,这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。故选C。
【13题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。A. traditional传统的; B. important重要的;C.
double双重的;D. original原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门,将会怎么样,就像某种机会,
他们不是打开门,抓住机会,而是凝视着它,想知道“假如它不是一扇门,将会怎么样”。由此可知,窗户和
门的比喻意义是非常重要的。故选B。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门,将会怎么样,就像某种机会,他们不是打开
门,抓住机会,而是凝视着它,想知道“假如它不是一扇门,将会怎么样”。A. life生活;B. time时间;C.
reply回答;D. history历史。根据Then when
they come to other doors in life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故选A。
【15题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意:假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门,将会怎么样,就像某种机会,他们不是打开门,
抓住机会,而是凝视着它,想知道“假如它不是一扇门,将会怎么样”。 A. by comparison with与……相比;
B. in addition to除……之外;C. regardless of不管;D. instead of而不是。对孩子们撒谎,今后,孩子们面对生
活中的“门”时,会观望,而不是打开“门”。故选D。
【16题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门,将会怎么样,就像某种机会,他们不是打开
门,抓住机会,而是凝视着它,想知道“假如它不是一扇门,将会怎么样”。A. get hold of抓住;B. stare at凝
视;C. knock on敲击(门、窗);D. make use of利用。孩子们遇到机会,不是马上抓住它,而是在考虑很多
问题。由此可知,孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:也就是说,假如它不是一个真的机会,将会怎么样?A. real真的;B. typical典型
的;C. similar相似的;D. limited有限的。孩子们面对机会,犹豫不前,是在质疑机会的真实性。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查名词短语词义辨析。句意:但是,底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。A safety rule安全守则;B. comfort
zone舒适带; C. bottom line底线;D. top secret绝密的。根据I shouldn't lie to my kids.可知这是我的底线。故选
C。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我应该只是接受重复的说:“不,我们现在不能去外面。”A. delay推迟;B.
regret后悔;C. enjoy享受;D. accept接受。当我告知孩子们真相时,我也不得不重复的说:“不,我们现在不能去外面。”这是一个现实,我只能接受。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后,当他们遇到生活中的其他“门”时,或真实或比喻,他们将毫不犹豫的打开
它们,然后走过去。A. hurry匆忙;B. decide决定;C. hesitate犹豫;D. intend打算。根据and walk through.可
知当告知孩子们真相时,孩子们将不再犹豫,大踏步向前走。故选C。
6.(2020年全国卷III )
As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, ___ 21 ___
can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, ___ 22 ___ their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll ___ 23 ___ that they
left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then ___ 24 ___ it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have
out half the ___ 25 ___ in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a ___ 26 ___ colour. I do know how
upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep ___ 27 ___ .
I remember the first really ___ 28 ___ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was ___ 29 ___ absolutely
everything, nothing was right and I was rather ____ 30 ____ that she became a “regular”. After a while, she
____ 31 ____ for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living
in a flat ____ 32 ____ , and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on ____ 33 ____
people.
That taught me a valuable ____ 34 ____ and I pass it on to the people who ____ 35 ____ in the market. Don’t take
it ____ 36 ____ . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her
child’s not ____ 37 ____ .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get ____ 38 ____ . If you do, you won’t
be able to ____ 39 ____ it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ____ 40 ___ everyone’s day.
21. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
22. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
23. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
24. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
25. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
26. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
27. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
28. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
29. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about
30. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
31. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized32. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
33. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
34. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
35. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
36. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
37. A. ready B. away C. up D. well
38. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
39. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
40. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D
32. B 33. C 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. A
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人,遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客,而有一个难缠的顾客,
一开始对每件事都不满意,结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者,是因为自己和丈夫分居了,于是把气撒到
其他人身上,这让作者学到了宝贵的一课,那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾,不然当事情发展成不愉
快的场面时,结果只会毁了每个人的一天。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样,顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主;B.
customers顾客;C. salespersons售货员; D. receptionist接待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers可
知作者是生意人,因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会冲进来,说手提包被偷了。A. saying说;B. pretending假装;C. guessing猜
测;D. replying回答。结合后文their handbag’s been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了,搞得一团糟,然后发现它一直在他们的车
里。A. agree同意;B. promise承诺;C. imagine想象;D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里,信誓旦旦地说自
己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了,搞得一团糟,然后发现它一直在他们的车
里。A. forget忘记;B. decide决定;C. discover发现;D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car all the
time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室,结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。
【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们会试用商店里一半的商品,只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods
食物;B. catalogues目录;C. belongings所有物;D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店里
的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们会试用商店里一半的商品,只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A.
particular特别的;B. different不同的;C. matching相配的;D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you don't
have left in a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品,结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色(particular)没有存货的款式。
其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我知道店员会有多沮丧,但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架;B. smiling
微笑;C. waiting等待;D. changing改变。结合上文可知,一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为,面对这种
情况,虽然店员会很沮丧,“但是”一词边是转折,与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反,结合选项,B项“微笑”
符合句意。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的;
B. polite礼貌的;C. careless粗心的;D. difficult难缠的,困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位顾客对
一切都不满,很难缠。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:她对每件事都很不满意,没有什么是对的,令我相当惊讶的是,她居然成了“常
客”。A. curious about好奇;B. displeased with对……不满意;C. patient with对……有耐心;D. uncertain about
对……不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她对每件事都很不满意,没有什么是对的,令我相当惊讶的是,她居然成了“常
客”。A. relaxed放松的;B. delighted高兴的;C. surprised惊讶的;D. embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这
位顾客对每件事都不满意,但是居然成了“常客”,这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:不久,她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索;B. argued争论;C. prayed
祈祷;D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠,对一切都不满,结果后来成了常客,她开始为自己一开始的行
为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:她一周前和丈夫分居了,现在一个人住在一套公寓里,因为她觉得实在难以应付,就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然;B. by herself她独自地;C. on purpose故意地;D. on duty值班。结合
上文She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了,因此现在是
独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她一周前和丈夫分居了,现在一个人住在一套公寓里,因为她觉得实在难以应付,
就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的;B. such这样的;C. other其他的;D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文since
she'd found it too much to cope with, she'd taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力,于是决定把气撒在其他人身
上。other people“其他人”。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这给我上了宝贵的一课,我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程,教训;
B. trick诡计;C. skill技能;D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟,可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选
A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:这给我上了宝贵的一课,我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作;B.
shop购物;C. meet会面;D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:别太在意。A. kindly亲切地;B. secretly秘密地;C. personally亲自地;D. casually
随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你,要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。
短语take it personally“在意,把这些放在心上”。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地;B. away离开;C. up向上;D. well好地。
根据上文Maybe she’s had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选
D。
【38题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:一定要淡化它,不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见;B. in the way妨碍,
挡道;C. behind the scene幕后;D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客,要淡化
这种不好的情绪,不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你这样做了,你将无法处理它,整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面,毁了每个
人的一天。A. stress强调;B. expect期待;C. handle处理;D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处
理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你这样做了,你将无法处理它,整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面,毁了每个
人的一天。A. ruins毁灭;B. makes制作;C. starts开始;D. saves拯救。结合上文the whole thing develops into
an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面,那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故选A。