文档内容
考向 56 完形填空
优化记叙文(夹叙夹议)完形填空解答 5 策略
【考情分析】
新高考考情 新高考新考法 学霸好声音
①记叙文首句完整、线索清 2020新高考Ⅰ卷 ①做记叙文类完形填空时，应在理解上
楚、叙述灵活、侧重语境 完形填空为记叙 下文的基础上，通过分析语境和准确理
②夹叙夹议文以叙为主，兼 文，主题语境内容 解选项词语含义来选择正确答案
顾议论，常采用边叙边议或 为环境保护，230 ②做夹叙夹议文类完形填空， 关键在于
先叙后议的手法 词左右 抓住作者想要表达的思想或抒发的情感
【策略分析】
策略1 利用首句 明大意
解题依据 完形填空首句不设题。记叙文首句往往介绍事情发生的时间、地点、人物和起因等细节信息，
说明文和议论文通过首句点明文章主旨。
【策略图解】
【策略示例】
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, ________
can also drive you mad.
A. shopkeepers B. customers
C. salespersons D. receptionists
答案与解析 B 根据首句中的“I care deeply about my customers”可知，作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾
客让作者抓狂。故选B。 customer “顾客”；shopkeeper “店主”；salesperson “售货员”； receptionist “接待
员”。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They __①__ with
them lots of waste. The __②__ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the
(face) of Kilimanjaro.
①A. keep B. mix
C. connect D. bring
②A. stories B. buildings
C. crowds D. reporters
答案与解析 ①D 根据段落首句及设空处后的“with them lots of waste”和常识可知，此处指登山者带来
了大量的垃圾。bring “带来”，符合语境。keep “保持”；mix “混合”；connect “连接；联系”。
②C 瞻前顾后解题。根据上文中的“Every year about people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”可知，每年大约
有4万人试图攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山；再根据设空后的“damage the beauty of the place”可知，这里指的
是登山人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。crowd “人群”，符合语境。story “故事”；building “建筑”；reporter
“记者”。
策略2 瞻前顾后 巧求索
解题依据 在做完形填空时，应仔细阅读文章，留意文章的细节和措辞，注意前后文的呼应。
【策略图解】
【策略示例】
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
I remember the first really __①__ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was __②__ absolutely everything,
nothing was right and I was rather __③__ that she became a “regular”. After a while, she __④__ for the way she
behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat __⑤__， and since
she'd found it too much to cope with (应对), she'd taken it out on __⑥__ people.
①A. generous B. polite
C. careless D. difficult
②A. curious about B. displeased with
C. patient with D. uncertain about③A. relaxed B. delighted
C. surprised D. embarrassed
④A. searched B. argued
C. prayed D. apologized
⑤A. by chance B. by herself
C. on purpose D. on duty
⑥A. rude B. such
C. other D. lonely
答案与解析 ①D 需顾后。根据下文“nothing was right”可知，这位顾客对一切都不满意，很难缠。故选
D。difficult “难缠的”；generous “慷慨的”；polite “礼貌的”；careless “粗心的”。
②B 需顾后。根据下文“nothing was right”可知，这位顾客对一切都不满意。故选 B。displeased with
“对……不满意”；curious about “好奇”；patient with “对……有耐心”；uncertain about “对……不能肯定”。
③C 需瞻前顾后。结合上下文可知，这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到
很惊讶才对。故选C。surprised “惊讶的”；relaxed “放松的”；delighted “高兴的”；embarrassed “尴尬的”。
④D 需瞻前。上文提到顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，因此此处指的是她为自
己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for “为……道歉”。故选 D。apologize “道歉”；search “搜索”；argue “争
论”；pray “祈祷”。
⑤B 需瞻前。结合上文“She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat”可知，女顾客
和丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。 by herself “她独自地”；by chance “偶然”；on
purpose “故意地”；on duty “值班”。
⑥C 需瞻前。根据上文“since she'd found it too much to cope with (应对), she'd taken it out on”可知，她难以
应付这样的压力，于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people “其他人”。故选C。other “其他的”；rude “粗
鲁的”； such “这样的”； lonely “寂寞的”。
策略3 词汇复现 定答案
解题依据 完形填空中许多试题的答案在上下文中以原词及其派生词的形式出现，只要留意观察就能发现。
【策略图解】【策略示例】
4．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he (brought) the paintings with him. He hung them above the same
table he had (moved) from Turin. His son, age 15, who had (taken) an art appreciation class, thought that there was
something (unusual) about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed (签名) “Bonnato” or so
he thought, but when he (researched) it, he only found “Bonnard”， a French __①__ he had never heard of. He bought
a book and was (surprised) to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same __②__ as
his father's painting.
“That's the garden in our picture，” Nicolo's son told his father.
①A. painter B. designer
C. author D. actor
②A. room B. kitchen
C. hall D. garden
答案与解析 ①A 上下义词复现。根据下文的“a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard”可知，此处用“画
家”符合语境，故选A项。 painter “画家”，属于artist “艺术家”这一范畴。 designer “设计师”；author “作
家”；actor “演员”。
②D 原词复现解题。根据上文的“with a young girl sitting on a garden chair”和下文的“That's the garden in
our picture”可知，此处用“花园”符合语境，garden是原词复现，故选D项。
策略4 连词平行 解疑难
解题依据 根据连词 and, but, so, yet, or等或although, though, because, since, while等从属连词或neither ...
nor ..., either ... or ..., not only ... but also ... 等平行结构，可以推断出正确答案，提高得分率。
【策略图解】【策略示例】
5．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
They'll come rushing in, (saying) their handbag's been stolen. They'll (swear) that they left it in the changing
room, create havoc (混乱) __①__ it had been in their car all the time. They'll have out half the (goods) in the shop,
and want the only style you don't have left in a (particular) colour. I do know how the shop staff can get, I try to
persuade them to keep __②__.
①A. forget B. decide
C. discover D. assume
②A. fighting B. smiling
C. waiting D. changing
答案与解析 ①C 利用并列关系解题。根据空前的and then 可知，此处是与上文的saying和swear是顺
承的动作，又结合下文的“it had been in their car all the time”可知，顾客一开始说包被偷了，发誓说是忘在了更
衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。discover “发现”；forget “忘记”；decide “决定”；
assume “假设”。
②B 利用转折关系解题。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无理的要求和行为，面对这种情况，虽然店员
会很沮丧，“but”一词表示转折，与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反，结合选项，B项“微笑”符合句意。故选B。
6．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)
It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be ________ to the public
because of Italy's privacy laws, (finished) working the whole night at a factory in Turin.
A. attached B. allocated
C. exposed D. submitted
答案与解析 C 因果关系解题。根据下文的“because of Italy's privacy laws”可知，此处指的是，他的真实
名字因意大利的隐私法不能暴露给公众。be exposed to “暴露”，符合语境，故选C项。expose “暴露”；beattached to “附属于；依恋”；allocate “分配”；submit “上交”。
策略5 褒贬语境 判曲直
解题依据 每篇完形填空所表达的内容都有一定的褒贬性，这反映了作者的特定心理、情绪状态和写作意
图。利用文章内容的褒贬性可以在准确理解文意的基础上推断出答案的。
【策略图解】
【策略示例】
7．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
Don't take it __①__. If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she's had a row with her husband. Maybe
her child's not __②__.”Always and don't let your ego (自我) get (in_the_way). If you do, you won't be able to
(handle) it and the whole thing develops into an and that __③__ everyone's day.
①A. kindly B. secretly
C. personally D. casually
②A. ready B. away
C. up D. well
③A. ruins B. makes
C. starts D. saves
答案与解析 ①C 根据下文的叙述可知，顾客不礼貌或挑剔是有原因的，并非针对你或冲着你来的，作
者指出要淡化这种情绪，不要为这些事感到不快。短语take sth.personally “视某事针对自己而不悦”。故选C。
personally在本题中为熟词生义用法，意为“无礼地；冒犯地”；kindly “亲切地”；secretly“秘密地”；casually
“随便地”。
②D 根据上文内容可知，此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情，如和丈夫吵架或孩子生病的情况，故选
D。 well作形容词用时，意为“身体健康或状态良好”；ready “迅速地”；away “离开”；up “向上”。
③A 结合上文的叙述可知，一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了大家的一天。故选A。ruin
“毁坏；糟蹋”；make “制作”；start “开始”；save “拯救”。
【检测训练】
1
Ranjitha was a good but poor student. Because she was 1 , she couldn't buy books to 2 to. The
university library had a good 3 of reference books but they were not offered to the students. The books in the
reference section were only 4 to the teachers.Occasionally she wondered why the 5 didn't hand out the books to the students. She 6 herself that
when she became a teacher, she would provide the students with all she as a student had 7 , like reference books.
And the day came in no time.
Soon after getting her master's degree, Ranjitha entered a(n) 8 as a lecturer. Quickly she won the hearts of
most students as she would 9 the students after class.There were too many students and it was 10 for her to
remember all of them.
One day, two students came to Ranjtha 11 her to borrow three reference books. She agreed and 12
lent them the books. The 13 term would pass soon and she almost forgot about the books. At the end of the term,
the director of the university called her,“Madam, we have instructions that all the books should be returned to the 14
. ”
Ranjitha tried hard to 15 the students who had borrowed the books but her 16 didn't help. So she 17
to go to the classroom and ask. However, to her disappointment, none of the students 18 . At last, Ranjitha
borrowed money and paid it to the library.
Now she understands helping someone beyond a certain 19 will harm herself and that teaching students life
principles is more 20 , which is a lesson she learned by paying $ 800 as a fee. She is still doing what she can do to
help the students.
1. A. badly off B. well-behaved C. tired out D. ill-mannered
2. A. contribute B. add C. refer D. admit
3. A. measure B. knowledge C. occupation D. collection
4. A. supplied B. packed C. rewarded D. written
5. A. directors B. teachers C. leaders D. booksellers
6. A. blamed B. asked C. promised D. terrified
7. A. lacked B. observed C. mixed D. owned
8. A. organization B. team C. university D. apartment
9. A. comfort B. help C. protect D. represent
10. A. important B. beneficial C. convincing D. difficult
11. A. assisting B. requesting C. allowing D. teaching
12. A. happily B. generally C. unfortunately D. impossibly
13. A. meaningless B. boundless C. entire D. boring
14. A. student B. author C. bookstore D. library
15. A. consult B. remember C. push D. cheer
16. A. argument B. discovery C. curiosity D. memory17. A. had B. refused C. offered D. learned
18. A. regretted B. responded C. forgot D. screamed
19. A. doubt B. speed C. distance D. limit
20. A. confusing B. frightening C. worthwhile D. traditional
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. B 12. A
13. C 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述Ranjitha老师好意借参考书给学生却最终自己为书赔钱，这件事让她意识到，
比起借参考书，教会学生生活原则更有意义，更值得去做。
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为她很穷，没钱买书参考。A. badly off穷困的；B. well-behaved行为端正的；
C. tired out 筋疲力尽的；D. ill-mannered 态度恶劣的。根据上文“Ranjitha was a good but poor student”可知
Ranjitha很穷。故选A项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为她很穷，没钱买书参考。A. contribute贡献；B. add添加；C. refer参考；D.
admit承认。根据下文“The university library had a good 3 of reference books but they were not offered to the
students”可知句中说的是参考书，Ranjitha 没钱买用来查阅和参考的书籍。故选C项。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学图书馆有很多参考书，但没有提供给学生。A. measure测量；B. knowledge
知识；C. occupation职业；D. collection收集。a collection of...为固定短语，意为“许多……”，句中指大学图书
馆有很多参考书。故选D项。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：参考书部分的书只提供给教师。A. supplied提供；B. packed包装；C. rewarded奖
励；D. written写。根据上文“they were not offered to the students”可推知，这些参考书只供教师使用。故选A项。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时她想知道为什么老师不把书发给学生。A. directors导演；B. teachers老师；
C. leaders领导者；D. booksellers书商。根据上文可知，只有老师可以使用参考书，所有Ranjitha无法理解的是
老师们为什么不把书发给学生使用。故选B项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她向自己承诺，当她成为一名教师时，她将为学生提供她作为一名学生所缺乏的
一切，比如参考书。A. blamed 责备；B. asked 询问；C. promised 承诺；D. terrified 恐吓。下文“when she
became a teacher, she would provide the students with all she as a student had 7 , like reference books. And the day
came in no time.”是Ranjitha立下的誓言，如果她成为老师，她一定要给学生提供参考书，这是她对自己作出的
承诺。故选C项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她向自己承诺，当她成为一名教师时，她将为学生提供她作为一名学生所缺乏的
一切，比如参考书。A. lacked缺乏；B. observed观察；C. mixed混合；D. owned拥有。根据“she as a student...”
可知，句中说的是她作为学生时的情况，根据上文可知，她家境贫寒，缺(lack)参考书。故选A项。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：获得硕士学位后不久，Ranjitha进入一所大学当讲师。A. organization机构；B.team团队；C. university大学；D. apartment部门。根据句中“after getting her master's degree”和“a lecturer(大学
讲师)”可推知，Ranjitha 毕业后进入大学任教。故选C项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快她就赢得了大多数学生的心，因为她会在课后帮助学生。A. comfort安慰；
B. help帮助；C. protect保护；D. represent代表。根据句中as(因为)可知前后分句有因果关系，结合常识可推知
“she won the hearts of most students”的原因是她常常课后帮助(help) 学生。故选B项。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生太多了，她很难记住所有的学生。A. important重要的；B. beneficial有益
的；C. convincing令人信服的；D. difficult困难的。根据“too many students”可知，很难记住所有学生。故选D
项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，两个学生来找 Ranjtha，向她借三本参考书。A. assisting 协助；B.
requesting 请求，要求；C. allowing 允许；D. teaching 教导。根据下文“She agreed and 12 lent them the
books”可知，学生向她提出借书请求。故选B项。
12. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她同意了，很高兴地把书借给了他们。A. happily愉快地；B. generally通常；C.
unfortunately不幸地；D. impossibly难以置信地。根据前文可知，借参考书给学生是她曾经的诺言，帮助学生也
是她正在践行的理念，所以学生找她借书，她当然很高兴。故选A项。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整个学期很快就过去了，她几乎忘记了那些书。A. meaningless无意义的；B.
boundless无限的；C. entire全部的；D. boring无聊的。根据句中“pass soon”和下文“At the end of the term”可推
知，句中指的是整个学期很快就要结束了。故选C项。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：夫人，我们接到指示，所有的书都必须归还图书馆。A. student学生；B. author
作者；C. bookstore书店；D. library图书馆。根据上文可知，参考书只有图书馆有，是从图书馆借出的，当然还
回图书馆。故选D项。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ranjitha努力想记起那些借过书的学生，但她的记忆没有帮助。A. consult咨询；
B. remember记起；C. push推；D. cheer喝彩。根据前文“she almost forgot about the books”可知，她已经完了借
书的事，所以学校找她要书的时候，她努力去回忆这些借书的学生。故选B项。
16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ranjitha努力想记起那些借过书的学生，但她的记忆没有帮助。A. argument论证；
B. discovery发现；C. curiosity好奇心；D. memory记忆。根据下文“So she 17 to go to the classroom and
ask.”可知，她没记起来，记忆没帮上忙，所以只能到教室去问。故选D项。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她不得不去教室问。A. had有；B. refused拒绝；C. offered提供；D. learned
学习。根据上下文可知，她想不起来谁借了书，所以不得不(had to)到时班上去问。故选A项。
18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，令她失望的是，没有一个学生回答。A. regretted懊悔；B. responded回答；
C. forgot忘记；D. screamed大叫。句中“to her disappointment”可知，她失望了，因为没有学生回答。故选B项。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在她明白了帮助别人超过一定限度会伤害自己，教学生生活原则更有价值，这是她付了800美元作为费用学到的一课。A. doubt疑惑；B. speed速度；C. distance距离；D. limit限制。通过
借书赔钱这件事情，Ranjitha有了感悟，她借书给学生是超出自己本职工作，本是好意，结果却伤害了自己，所
以她觉得超过一定限度(limit)去帮助别人会让自己受伤。故选D项。
20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在她明白了帮助别人超过一定限度会伤害自己，教学生生活原则更有价值，
这是她付了800美元作为费用学到的一课。A. confusing令人困惑的；B. frightening吓人的；C. worthwhile值得
做的；D. traditional传统的。通过借书赔钱这件事情，Ranjitha意识到教会学生生活原则，讲诚信，比借参考书
更有意义，更值得去做(worthwhile) 。故选C项。
2
It was an extraordinarily busy time of year. I felt some 21 to head straight home after a long meeting. So I
headed to the park nearby for some therapeutic (治疗性的) hiking. As I reached the top and admired the view, my
unclear mind 22 . Re-energized, I knew that I could deal with the work that waited for me upon my 23 .
When I arrived back in the office the next day, I was full of energy, and finished my work 24 .
It was almost 20 years ago that I learned how 25 it is for me to carve out time to escape to the wild. I had
finished my Ph. D. , studying soil and water conservation in Honduras, but I wasn’t sure what 26 I wanted to
have. So, I decided to act on a dream I had been nursing for a few years, 27 my mom showed me a magazine
article about a man who had 28 around America. I figured that I could 29 cycling with research for a
book on American agriculture while I worked out my next career step.
So I did it. During the cycling 30 , I found the clearness I needed to 31 my next career move.
Talking with farmers I met along the way, I learned that their biggest challenge was selling their produce. I decided to
broaden my 32 from land management to improving farmers’ access to markets. My 33 interest led to
working for a nongovernmental organization and I did eventually borrow a book on American agriculture.
The 34 is to find your source of inspiration and make good use of it. For me, I always get nourishment (营
养) from being 35 in the outdoors.
21. A. pressure B. danger C. shame D. embarrassment
22. A. calmed B. wandered C. developed D. appeared
23. A. reply B. return C. relaxation D. recovery
24. A. successfully B. casually C. anxiously D. constantly
25. A. strange B. important C. difficult D. interesting
26. A. tour B. book C. career D. major
27. A. unless B. if C. though D. since
28. A. run B. cycled C. driven D. flown29. A. combine B. compare C. replace D. practice
30. A. competition B. history C. performance D. trip
31. A. insist on B. put down C. figure out D. learn from
32. A. experience B. focus C. discussion D. search
33. A. deep B. particular C. personal D. new
34. A. reason B. problem C. result D. key
35. A. active B. alone C. confident D. brave
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. D 35.
A
【解析】本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的故事，告诉读者户外运动可以提供动力和能量供给, 帮助人们成功应
对各种难题。
21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个长长的会议后，我感觉到直接回家有点压力。A. pressure压力；B. danger
危险；C. shame羞愧；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据本段中的“an extraordinarily busy time of year”以及“a long
meeting”可推测，繁忙的工作给作者带来了压力。故选A。
22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达山顶，欣赏了风景之后，我不清楚的大脑冷静下来了。A. calmed冷静；
B. wandered漫步；C. developed发展；D. appeared出现。根据下句中的“Re-energized”可知，登高望远后，作者
冷静了下来。故选A。
23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：充满了活力，我知道我可以回去处理那些等着我回去完成的工作。A. reply回答；
B. return返回；C. relaxation放松；D. recovery恢复。根据下句中的“arrived back in the office”可知，这里指作者
回办公室以后。故选B。
24. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我第二天回到办公室后，我充满了能量，成功地完成了我的工作。A.
successfully成功地；B. casually 随便地；C. anxiously 不安地；D. constantly 不断地。根据本空前的“full of
energy”可推测，作者能量满满，成功地完成工作。故选A。
25. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就是在20年前，我知道了挤出时间去亲近大自然对我来说很重要。A. strange
奇怪的；B. important重要的；C. difficult困难的；D. interesting有趣的。根据全文内容不难看出，户外运动为作
者提供动力和能量供给，帮助作者成功应对各种难题，因此挤出时间亲近大自然对作者很重要。故选B。
26. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我取得了博士学位，并且在洪都拉斯研究了土壤和水，但我却不知道自己想从
事什么职业。A. tour旅游；B. book书籍；C. career事业；职业；D. major专业。根据本段末的“worked out my
next career step”可知，作者取得博士学位后，并不确定将来从事什么职业。故选C。
27. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：所以，我决定实现一个梦想，这是我培养了几年的梦想，因为我妈妈给我看了
一篇关于一个骑自行车环游美国的男人的杂志文章。 A. unless除非；B. if如果；C. though尽管；D. since自从；因为。作者心里多年的梦想，是在妈妈给作者看了一篇杂志上的文章以后滋生的,上下文为因果关系。故选D。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我决定实现一个梦想，这是我养了几年的梦想，因为我妈妈给我看了一
篇关于一个骑自行车环游美国的男人的杂志文章。A. run跑；B. cycled骑自行车；C. driven驾驶；D. flown飞行。
下句中的cycling提示可知是骑自行车。故选B。
29. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想我可以把骑自行车和研究结合起来，写一本关于美国农业的书，同时制定
我职业生涯的下一步。A. combine结合；B. compare比较；C. replace替代；D. practice练习。由于作者当时并不
清楚自己将来想做什么,所以他想将骑车旅行和自己专业相关的研究结合起来，故 combine(结合,联合)符合此处
语境。故选A。
30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在自行车之旅中，我弄清楚了我需要的明确性，以确定我的下一个职业发展方
向。A. competition竞争；B. history历史；C. performance表现；D. trip旅行。根据“I figured that I could
cycling with research for a book on American agriculture while I worked out my next career step.”可知,作者在骑车旅
行。故选D。
31. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在自行车之旅中，我发现了我需要的明确性，以确定我的下一个职业发展
方向。A. insist on 坚持；B. put down 记下；C. figure out 想清楚；D. learn from 向……学习。根据上段中的
“worked out my next career step”可知，作者在旅行中想清楚了自己下一步做什么。故选C。
32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定将我的关注点从土地管理扩大到改善农民进入市场的机会。A. experience
经历；B. focus集中；关注点；C. discussion讨论；D. search搜索。根据本段中的“improving famers' access to
markets”可推测，农民最大的难题是卖农产品，因此作者决定除了原有的研究领域外，扩大自己的关注点，帮
助农民开拓市场。故选B。
33. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新兴趣促使我为一个非政府组织工作，最终我确实借了一本关于美国农
业的书。A. deep深的；B. particular特别的；C. personal私人的；D. new新的。上句中的“improving farmers'
access to markets”可知，这是作者的新兴趣。故选D。
34. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键是找到你的动力来源并充分利用它。A. reason理由；B. problem问题；C.
result结果；D. key关键。结合上文故事可知，作者通过自身的经历告诉大家,找到动力来源并好好利用很关键。
故选D。
35. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，我总是从户外活动中获得营养。A. active活跃的；B. alone独自的；
C. confident自信的；D. brave勇敢的。根据上文内容可知,作者积极投身户外,获得源源不断的动力和能量供给。
故选A。
3
It was a hot, damp summer day. After I 36 my tank in the local gas station, I started to walk inside to pay. Just
then I noticed two elderly 37 standing back from their car. There was a mixture of shock and 38 on theirfaces. I followed their 39 and saw what they saw: five yellow jackets were building a 40 around their gas
cap. My eyes 41 . I shared the ladies' fear.
Yellow jackets had never been 42 to me. When I was a young boy, a friend of mine and I were 43 and
playing in my backyard. I must have 44 on one of their hidden nests while running. 45 , both of us were
being chased and stung over and over by the yellow jackets. We ran away 46 with great fear. My mom 47
ran a cold bath and put us both in it to ease the pain and itching (瘙痒) 48 giving us medicine to fight all the
poison in our little bodies from the stings.
I knew I couldn't let fear stop me now. I 49 my back pocket for a paper towel I had there, tore out the nest and
stepped on it while the 50 wasps (黄蜂)buzzed around me. 51 of the ladies thanked me excitedly. I smiled,
and nervousness and fear were replaced with 52 .
In this life, you can't let the fear of being stung either physically or 53 keep you from doing what is right. We
need to go 54 ourselves and love each other. Don't let the yellow jackets in your life 55 you back.
36. A. filled B. moved C. charged D. emptied
37. A. men B. women C. drivers D. jackets
38. A. anger B. pain C. sadness D. fear
39. A. nose B. ears C. eyes D. mouth
40. A. room B. nest C. house D. hall
41. A. widened B. closed C. opened D. lowed
42. A. lovely B. likely C. friendly D. carefully
43. A. jumping B. climbing C. walking D. running
44. A. removed B. stepped C. paced D. searched
45. A. As a result B. After all C. Above all D. At the same time
46. A. discussing B. exploring C. screaming D. laughing
47. A. nervously B. suddenly C. casually D. immediately
48. A. after B. while C. before D. until
49. A. reached into B. arrived in C. got to D. pulled out
50. A. happy B. angry C. sad D. worried
51. A. Neither B. Both C. All D. None
52. A. pain B. surprise C. doubt D. joy
53. A. heartedly B. intelligently C. emotionally D. punctually
54. A. through B. back C. ahead D. beyond
55. A. hold B. set C. hang D. give【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. B 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B
51. B 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个炎热潮湿的夏日，作者尽管怕黄蜂，但还是勇敢地帮人捣掉蜂巢的
故事。作者通过这个故事告诉我们，我们要克服恐惧，超越自我。
36. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在当地的加油站加满油后，我开始走进去付钱。A. filled装满；B. moved移
动；C. charged控诉，收费；D. emptied清空。根据后文“I started to walk inside to pay.”可知，作者应该是加满
油后去付款。故选A。
37. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我注意到两个老妇人站在车后。A. men男人；B. women女人；C.
drivers司机；D. jackets夹克衫。根据后文“ I shared the ladies' fear.”可知，此处指两个老妇人站在车后。故选
B。
38. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的脸上流露出震惊和恐惧。A. anger生气；B. pain痛苦；C. sadness悲伤；
D. fear恐惧。根据后文“ I shared the ladies' fear.”可知，这两个老妇人感到恐惧。故选D。
39. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我顺着他们的眼睛看去，看到了他们看到的东西:五只黄蜂正在他们的气帽周围
筑巢。A. nose鼻子；B. ears耳朵；C. eyes眼睛；D. mouth嘴巴。根据后文“saw what they saw”可知，此处需用
动词see，表示作者顺着他们的眼睛看去。故选C。
40. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. room房间；B. nest巢穴；C. house房屋；D. hall大厅。根据后文倒数
第二段“tore out the nest and stepped on it”可知，此处指黄蜂在筑巢。故选B。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛睁得很大。A. widened(眼睛)睁大；B. closed关闭；C. opened打开；D.
lowed降低。根据后文“ I shared the ladies' fear.”可知，因为恐惧，作者眼睛睁得很大。故选A。
42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：黄蜂对我从来都不友好。A. lovely可爱的；B. likely可能的；C. friendly友好
的；D. carefully小心地。根据后文“both of us were being chased and stung over and over by the yellow jackets. ”可
知，因为作者和朋友被黄蜂叮咬过，所以此处需用形容词friendly，表示黄蜂对我从来都不友好。故选C。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，我和一个朋友在我的后院跑步玩耍。A. jumping跳跃；
B. climbing爬；C. walking行走；D. running奔跑。根据后文“while running.”可知，作者和朋友在后院奔跑玩耍。
故选D。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一定是在跑的时候踩到了他们的一个隐蔽巢穴。A. removed移走；B. stepped
踩踏；C. paced踱步；D. searched寻找。根据后文“both of us were being chased and stung over and over by the
yellow jackets. ”可知，因为作者和朋友被黄蜂叮咬了，由此可推知此处指作者在跑步时踩到了蜂巢。故选B。
45. 考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：结果，我们俩都被黄蜂一次又一次地追赶和叮咬。A. As a result结果；B.
After all毕竟；C. Above all尤其重要的是；D. At the same time同时；前文说作者踩到了黄蜂的蜂巢，后文说作
者被黄蜂叮咬，空后表示结果，需用as a result。故选A。46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们吓得尖叫着跑开了。A. discussing讨论；B. exploring探索；C. screaming尖
叫；D. laughing大笑。前文说作者和朋友被黄蜂追赶叮咬，所以空处需用 screaming，表示作者和朋友吓得尖叫
着跑开了。故选C。
47. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：妈妈马上给我们洗了个冷水澡，让我们俩都泡在里面来缓解疼痛和瘙痒，然后
给我们开了一些药来对抗我们小身体里的所有毒素。A. nervously紧张地；B. suddenly突然地；C. casually随意
地；D. immediately立刻。因为作者和朋友被黄蜂叮咬了，所以此处需用副词immediately，表示妈妈马上给作
者和朋友洗了个冷水澡。故选D。
48. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. after在……之后；B. while当……时候；C. before在……之前；D. until
直到。根据常识可知，应该在用药前洗澡，所以此处需用连词before。故选C。
49. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我从后面的口袋里掏出纸巾，扯出蜂巢，踩在上面，愤怒的黄蜂在我周围
嗡嗡作响。A. reached into伸进；B. arrived in到达；C. got to到达；D. pulled out退出。根据后文“my back
pocket for a paper towel I had there”可知，此处指作者伸手去口袋拿纸巾。故选A。
50. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. happy开心的；B. angry生气的；C. sad悲伤的；D. worried着急的。
根据前文“tore out the nest and stepped on it”可知，因为作者扯出蜂巢，踩在上面，所以黄蜂愤怒。故选B。
51. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：两位女士都兴奋地向我道谢。A. Neither两者都不；B. Both两者都；C. All全部
(三者以及以上)；D. None都不(三者以及以上)。根据前文“Just then I noticed two elderly standing back from
their car. ”可知，此处有两位女士，所以排除选项C和D，再结合前文描述可知，因为作者帮忙弄走了蜂巢，所
以这两位女士都很兴奋。故选B。
52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我笑了，紧张和恐惧被喜悦所取代。A. pain痛苦；B. surprise惊讶；C. doubt怀
疑；D. joy开心。根据前文“I smiled”可知，因为作者笑了，由此可知，作者感到开心而不是恐惧和紧张。故选
D。
53. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这一生中，你不能让身体上或情感上的恐惧阻碍你做正确的事。A. heartedly
铭记在心地；B. intelligently聪明地；C. emotionally情感上地；D. punctually准时地。由空前副词“physically”可
知，空处需用副词emotionally与之对应。故选C。
54. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们需要超越自我，彼此相爱。A. through通过；B. back向后；C. ahead向前；
D. beyond超过。根据作者前文克服恐惧帮助两位老妇人弄走马蜂窝和空后“and love each other. ”可知，此处指
超越自己，彼此相爱。故选D。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要让生活中的“黄蜂”阻碍你前进。A. hold容纳，扣留；B. set设置；C. hang
悬挂；D. give给。根据前文一句描述可知，作者建议我们要超越自我，所以此处指我们不能让生活中的“黄
蜂”阻碍前进；hold back阻碍，固定短语，符合题意。故选A。
4An act of kindness doesn’t have to be a grand gesture. Even those small acts of kindness can make a difference in
someone’ day. That was just the case for Amie Mickey when she 56 a bumper sticker (车尾贴) on her car
reading: You Matter.
Amie started to do this several years ago. At first, she wondered if people would 57 it. However, much to
her surprise, she began seeing a flood of 58 every time she hit the road. More often than not, people 59
slowly near her car would roll down their windows, raising their 60 , waving and smiling. Sometimes, she even
found some sticky notes left on her windshield saying things like “You 61 too!” Once while she was driving
down the highway, she became 62 when a man driving a sports car at a high speed pulled his car alongside
suddenly, waving and mouthing, “You matter!” Though it took her some time to recover from the 63 , she still
felt happy. Last year, someone 64 her car while she was waiting for her friend in the car by the roadside, saying
to her, “It is a(an) 65 sticker. I’ve seen various stickers before, but none of them have touched me as your sticker
has done.” The two small words on the sticker seem simple enough, but they really struck a chord with many complete
strangers who 66 to catch sight of the sticker.
Stories like Amie’s really 67 the rest of us. Sometimes a kind word or gesture may lift our 68 and it
doesn’t cost a thing except for a little extra thought. Maybe it means offering a friend a hug, praising the children when
their children 69 well in school, helping someone out or volunteering at nursing homes. Acts of kindness are
waiting everywhere. Small as they seem, they can make a 70 impact on the world, and help form general
goodness.
56. A. put up B. picked up C. fixed up D. tore up
57. A. watch B. overlook C. notice D. ignore
58. A. strangers B. passers-by C. attention D. confusion
59. A. running B. driving C. walking D. riding
60. A. voices B. thumbs C. shoulders D. hats
61. A. count B. share C. matter D. value
62. A. frightened B. discouraged C. embarrassed D. disappointed
63. A. parking B. speed C. event D. incident
64. A. blocked B. approached C. repaired D. cleaned
65. A. special B. important C. typical D. skeptical
66. A. occurred B. happened C. managed D. offered
67. A. shock B. delight C. inspire D. satisfy
68. A. spirits B. thoughts C. feelings D. minds69. A. work B. exercise C. conduct D. behave
70. A. reliable B. subjective C. positive D. brief
【答案】56. A 57. C 58. C 59. B 60. B 61. C 62. A 63. D 64. B 65. A 66. B 67. C 68. A 69. D 70. C
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Amie在汽车保险杠后贴了一张写着“你很重要”的纸条，通过
这种小的善意行为来传播正能量。
56. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她在汽车保险杠上贴了一张贴纸。A. put up张贴；B. picked up捡起；C. fixed up
修理；D. tore up撕毁。根据下文“bumper sticker on her car”可知，此处表示贴车尾贴。故选A项。
57. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，她想知道人们是否会注意到这一点。A. watch看；B. overlook忽视；C.
notice注意；D. ignore忽略。通过上下文分析，此处和后文第三空提到“每次出门都会有很多人来关注她”相
呼应。故选C项。
58. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，令她惊讶的是，每次上路时，她都开始看到大量关注。A. strangers陌生
人；B. passers-by过路人；C. attention注意力；D. confusion困惑。根据下文“people slowly near her car
would roll down their windows, raising their , waving and smiling. ”可知，她引起了很多人的关注。故选C
项。
59. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，在她车附近缓慢行驶的人会摇下车窗，竖起大拇指，挥手微笑。
A. running 跑；B. driving 开车；C. walking 走；D. riding 骑。根据下文“near her car would roll down their
windows”可知，此处表示缓慢开车的人摇下车窗。故选B项。
60. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，在她车附近缓慢行驶的人会摇下车窗，竖起大拇指，挥手微笑。
A. voices声音；B. thumbs拇指；C. shoulders肩膀；D. hats帽子。根据上文“raising”可知，此处表示竖起大拇
指。故选B项。
61. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，她甚至在挡风玻璃上发现一些便签，上面写着“你也很重要！”A. count
数数；B. share分享；C. matter要紧；D. value评价。根据上文“when she put up a bumper sticker (车尾贴) on her
car reading: You Matter.”可知，此处表示有人在作者的挡风玻璃上贴便签，写着你也很重要。故选C项。
62. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一次，当她在高速公路上开车的时候，一个高速驾驶跑车的男人突然把他
的车开到旁边，一边挥手一边说：“你很重要！”，这让她感到害怕。A. frightened害怕的；B. discouraged灰
心的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. disappointed失望的。根据文中“when a man driving a sports car at a high speed
pulled his car alongside suddenly”可知，这个男人突然把车开过来，所以作者应该很害怕。故选A项。
63. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她花了一段时间才从这件事中恢复过来，但她仍然感到高兴。A. parking停
车；B. speed速度；C. event大事件；D. incident事件。根据上文“when a man driving a sports car at a high speed
pulled his car alongside suddenly”可知，此处表示作者受到了惊吓，花了一段时间从这件事中恢复过来。故选D
项。64. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，当她在路边等她的朋友时，有人走过她的车。A. blocked阻塞；B.
approached接近；C. repaired修理；D. cleaned清理。根据下文“saying to her”可知，此处表示先走进，然后说。
故选B项。
65. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个特别的贴纸。A. special特殊的；B. important重要的；C. typical典型
的；D. skeptical 怀疑的。根据下文“I’ve seen various stickers before, but none of them have touched me as your
sticker has done”可知，此处表示这个贴纸和他见过的其他贴纸不一样，所以是特殊的。故选A项。
66. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：贴纸上的两个小字似乎很简单，但它们确实引起了许多碰巧看到贴纸的陌生人
的共鸣。A. occurred发生；B. happened发生，刚巧；C. managed管理；D. offered提供。根据上文“That was
just the case for Amie Mickey when she put up a bumper sticker (车尾贴) on her car”可知，很多人都是碰巧无意中看
到而受感动的。故选B项。
67. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像Amie这样的故事真的激励了我们。A. shock震惊；B. delight使高兴；C.
inspire激励；D. satisfy使满足。根据下文“Acts of kindness are waiting everywhere. Small as they seem”可知，此
处表示Amie的行为真的激励了许多人。故选C项。
68. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，一句友善的话或一个友好的手势可能会让我们精神振奋。A. spirits精神；
B. thoughts想法；C. feelings感情；D. minds思想。根据上文“Stories like Amie’s really inspire the rest of us”可知，
Amie这样的故事真的激励了很多人，所以此处表示一些小行为会振奋我们的精神。故选A项。
69. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许这意味着给朋友一个拥抱，当孩子在学校表现良好时表扬他们，帮助别人
或在养老院做志愿者。A. work工作；B. exercise锻炼；C. conduct实施；D. behave表现。根据下文“well in
school”可知，表扬孩子是因为他们在学校的表现不错。故选D项。
70. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管它们看起来很小，但它们可以对世界产生积极影响，帮助形成普遍的善。
A. reliable可靠的；B. subjective主观的；C. positive积极的；D. brief简短的。根据上文“Stories like Amie’s
really inspire the rest of us.”可知，这些行为的影响是积极的。故选C项。
5
I worked on boats for twenty five years.Now I am a docking pilot (码头领航员). My job is to 71 in the large
luxury liners (邮轮) and stay with them until they are 72 stopped in the harbour. Sometimes this requires two tugs
(拖船),sometimes many more, 73 the tide and the weather.
I felt very 74 after I had docked several of the large liners. I realized I was in 75 of a great ship worth
millions of dollars and the 76 were depending on me to bring her safely to the port. These tugs,whether one or ten,
77 about in accord with whistle signals I 78 them from the bridge of the big liner. These signals make up a
language that is just as 79 as the spoken word,or even more so, 80 our docking signals are hardly
misunderstood.The captain of each tug does his work according to the signals he 81 .He never asks questions. Hetakes everything faithfully,and it always works out.
Working around tugboats,where so much depends on 82 ,has had its effect on what I believe.I believe that if I
am to attain a(an) 83 place in the world I must have the help of my fellow men just as the great transatlantic liners
depend on the 84 of the little tugs to bring them safely to the 85 .
71. A. put B. push C. bring D. join
72. A. safely B. dangerously C. immediately D. illegally
73. A. adding to B. letting alone C. thinking of D. depending on
74. A. bored B. meaningless C. important D. tired
75. A. control B. praise C. defence D. place
76. A. clerks B. sportsmen C. readers D. owners
77. A. look B. move C. hear D. worry
78. A. write B. send C. mail D. bring
79. A. dependable B. incredible C. doubtful D. visible
80. A. though B. if C. while D. because
81. A. gives B. spreads C. receives D. passes
82. A. imagination B. creation C. teamwork D. performance
83. A. successful B. frustrating C. regretful D. embarrassing
84. A. prevention B. help C. objection D. delay
85. A. airport B. station C. port D. stop
【答案】71. C 72. A 73. D 74. C 75. A 76. D 77. B 78. B 79. A 80. D 81. C 82. C 83. A 84. B 85. C
【解析】本文为夹叙夹议文。作者是一名码头领航员，主要负责将轮船安全地引入港口。在作者的口哨信号下，
数艘拖船协同工作，总能顺利完成任务。作者认为自己的工作很重要，也意识到自己要想成功也需要他人的帮
助。
71. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是把大型豪华客轮带进来，并和它们呆在一起，直到它们在港口安全
停靠。A. put 放；B. push推动；C. bring拿来；D. join参加。根据上句“Now I am a docking pilot(码头领航员)”
可知，作者现在是一名码头领航员；据此可以判断，作者的工作是将大型邮轮领进港口，bring in将……带进。
故选C项。
72. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. safely 安全地；B. dangerously 危险地；C. immediately 立刻；D.
illegally不合法地。根据语境并结合第三段“ bring them safely to the 1 5 .”可知，作者要一直在邮轮上直到它
们安全停泊在港口，故选A项。
73. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时需要两艘拖船，有时需要更多，这取决于潮汐和天气。A. adding to增加；B. letting alone 更不必说；C. thinking of想起；D. depending on依赖。根据该句中的“Sometimes this requires
two tugs(拖船)，sometimes many more”可以判断，有时候需要两艘拖船，有时候需要更多，所以空处需用动词短
语depend on，表示这取决于潮汐和天气。depend on依靠，取决于，故选D项。
74. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在几艘大客轮靠岸后，我觉得自己很重要。A. bored 感到厌烦的；B.
meaningless 无意义的；C. important 重要的；D. tired 疲倦的。根据下句中的“a great ship worth millions of
dollars”可知，作者管理的邮轮价值数百万美元；据此可以判断，作者感到自己的工作十分重要。故选C项。
75. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我控制着一艘价值数百万美元的大船，而船主们正指望着我把它安全
送到港口。A. control控制；B. praise表扬；C. defence防御；D. place地方。根据第一段“Now I am a docking
pilot(码头领航员). ”可知，因为作者是一名码头领航员，所以意识到自己控制着价值上百万的大轮船。be in
control of控制，管理，故选A项。
76. 考查名词词义辨析。A. clerks办事员；B. sportsmen运动员；C. readers读者； D. owners拥有者。根据商务
描述可知，因为作者是一名码头领航员，所以船的主人要依靠作者将价值数百万美元的船安全带进港口。故选
D项。
77. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些拖船，无论是一艘还是十艘，都是按照我从大客轮的舰桥上发出的汽笛信
号移动的。A. look 看；B. move 移动；C. hear 听见；D. worry 担忧。根据该句中的“in accord with whistle
signals”可知，这些拖船要根据作者的口哨信号移动，故选B项。
78. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. write写；B. send发送；C. mail邮寄；D. bring拿来。根据上文描述可
知，因为作者是一名码头领航员，所以作者在大邮轮上给这些拖船发出口哨信号。故选B项。
79. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些信号构成了一种语言，和说出来的话一样可靠，甚至更可靠，因为我们
的停靠信号几乎不会被误解。A. dependable可信赖的；B. incredible难以置信的； C. doubtful怀疑的；D. visible
看得见的。根据该句中的“our docking signals are hardly misunderstood”可知，由口哨声组成的这种语言跟话语
一样可信。故选A项。
80. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. though尽管；B. if如果；C. while当……时候，虽然；D. because因为。
由于作者的停船信号不能被误解，所以这种口哨语言和话语一样可信。根据语意可知，空处前后为因果关系，
故选D项。
81. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每艘拖船的船长根据他所收到的信号进行工作。A. gives给；B. spreads传播；C.
receives 收到；D. passes 经过。根据后文“He never asks questions. He takes everything faithfully, and it always
works out.”可知，拖船的船长根据他所收到的信号进行工作。故选C项。
82. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在很大程度上依赖团队合作的拖船周围工作，对我的信念产生了影响。A.
imagination想象；B. creation 创造；C. teamwork团队合作；D. performance表现。根据上段内容可知，拖船的
船长要根据“我”的口哨信号工作，一般是几艘拖船一起工作才能将轮船引入港口；据此可知，拖船的工作依靠团队协作。故选C项。
83. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信，如果我要在世界上获得一个成功的位置，我必须有我的同胞们的帮
助，就像伟大的横渡大西洋的客轮依靠小拖船的帮助将它们安全地带到港口一样。A. successful 成功的；B.
frustrating 令人沮丧的； C. regretful后悔的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据语境可知，此处是作者的感
悟，作者认为如果自己要在世界上取得事业上的成功，那么肯定要得到同伴们的帮助，就如在小拖船的帮助下，
那些横越大西洋的巨轮才能安全驶入港口。故选A项。
84. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信，如果我要在世界上获得一个成功的位置，我必须有我的同胞们的帮助，
就像伟大的横渡大西洋的客轮依靠小拖船的帮助将它们安全地带到港口一样。A. prevention阻止；B. help帮助；
C. objection反对；D. delay拖延。根据上文“have the help of my fellow men”可知，远洋的轮船依赖拖船的帮助。
故选B。
85. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. airport 飞机场；B. station车站；C. port港口； D. stop停止，车站。
根据上文第二段“depending on me to bring her safely to the port.”并结合语境可知，此处表示在小拖船的帮助下，
那些横越大西洋的巨轮才能安全驶入港口。故选C项。
6
Renee Dixson is the director at a preschool in Indiana. She has always taken her role in her students’ lives very 86
. Because of the novel coronavirus pandemic(流行), many of her kids' lives have changed 87 . Renee said some
of their parents are now 88 foodbanks to feed their families, which 89 any extra money they have will
go to 90 , not to Christmas gifts. That's why Renee has 91 it upon herself to make these little ones smile!
In addition to her day job at the preschool, Renee has started driving for Uber to 92 some extra money. But
she won't be keeping it for herself. 93 , she'll buy presents for all 50 of her students.
Thankfully, she isn't doing this 94 ! Several people in her community have 95 up and donated to her
96 . Between their help and her Uber 97 , she has been able to make massive(大量的) trips to Target to 98
up on toys. In fact, her office is quickly filling up with 99 for her students!
“I know how it feels to be 100 as a child because your parent doesn't have anything,” she said. She feels
that 101 she didn't do this for them, she would be letting them down. With or without presents, it's 102
that she could never disappoint them because she clearly goes above and 103 for them!
“Everyone always told me I have a big heart,” she 104 . “I said, ‘No, I love children.’”
It's safe to say both are 105 for this selfless individual! Thank you, Renee, for making sure everyone has a
wonderful time this holiday season!
86. A. actually B. gently C. exactly D. seriously
87. A. frequently B. dramatically C. conversely D. slowly88. A. relying on B. focusing on C. looking forward to D. getting used to
89. A. decides B. reflects C. means D. forces
90. A. extremes B. supermarkets C. communities D. essentials
91. A. taken B. made C. carried D. followed
92. A. save B. earn C. donate D. raise
93. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Besides D. Thus
94. A. lonely B. single C. alone D. enough
95. A. stepped B. rose C. stopped D. got
96. A. cause B. event C. family D. festival
97. A. experience B. work C. customer D. income
98. A. pick B. take C. stock D. use
99. A. books B. pens C. snacks D. presents
100. A. happy B. down C. thrilled D. frightened
101. A. though B. because C. if D. while
102. A. curious B. serious C. anxious D. obvious
103. A. beyond B. under C. without D. behind
104. A. explained B. admitted C. added D. claimed
105. A. free B. true C. optimistic D. hopeful
【答案】86. D 87. B 88. A 89. C 90. D 91. A 92. B 93. B 94. C 95. A 96. A 97. D 98. C 99. D 100. B
101. C 102. D 103. A 104. C 105. B
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述疫情期间幼儿园园长Renee为可能收不到父母礼物的孩子们筹钱、兼职赚
钱准备礼物的感人故事。并赞扬园长行为。
86. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她总是非常认真地对待自己在学生生活中的角色。A. actually 实际地；B. gently
温柔地；C. exactly 精确地；D. seriously 严肃地；认真地。根据下文讲述的故事可知，Renee总是认真参与到学
生的生活中。故选D项。
87. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因为新冠疫情的流行，许多孩子的生活发生了显著的变化。A. frequently 频繁地；
B. dramatically 显著地；C. conversely 相反地；D. slowly 缓慢地；根据后文“foodbanks to feed their
families”“not to Christmas gifts”可知因为疫情许多孩子家只能靠救济粮过活，没有圣诞礼物，也就是说他们的生
活发生了大的变化。故选B项。
88. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Renee说有些父母现在依靠食品银行填饱家人的肚子，这意味着任何额外的钱都
会被用于支付必需品，而不是圣诞礼物。A. relying on 依赖；B. focusing on 集中于；C. looking forward to 期待；
D. getting used to 习惯于；根据食物银行和疫情这一特殊时期，可推断出是靠救济粮过活，故A项“依赖”符合句意。故选A项。
89. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Renee说有些父母现在依靠食品银行填饱家人的肚子，这意味着任何额外的钱都
会被用于支付必需品，而不是圣诞礼物。A. decides 决定；B. reflects 反映；C. means 意味着；D. forces 迫使；
结合上文内容可指，粮食都得靠救济的情况下，意味着所有的钱都要用于生活必需品。故选C项。
90. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Renee说有些父母现在依靠食品银行填饱家人的肚子，这意味着任何额外的钱都
会被用于支付必需品，而不是圣诞礼物。A. extremes 极限；B. supermarkets 超市；C. communities 社区；D.
essentials 必需品；根据后文的“not to Christmas gifts”可知钱不用于礼物，那么相反肯定是要花在刀刃上，也就
是必需品。故选D项。
91. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么Renee自己承担起这一份职责：让这些小孩微笑起来。A. taken 承
担；B. made 制作；C. carried 携带；D. followed跟随；根据前文可知家庭都在为如何生存想办法，照顾不到孩
子们的情绪。所以这一任务落在园长的肩上。而 take sth upon onself 意为“承担…...”符合语境。故选A项。
92. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了她白天在幼儿园的工作，为了赚钱，Renee开始在Uber上做司机。A. save
节省；B. earn 赚取；C. donate 捐赠；D. raise 筹集；根据前文可知Renee是园长，开车是额外的工作，其目的
就是赚钱。故选B项。
93. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：反而，她将给她50名学生都买一份礼物。A. Therefore 因此；B. Instead 反而；
C. Besides 除…...外；D. Thus 因此；根据前文“But she won’t be keeping it for herself.”可知她赚钱了但不会自己
留着。这与后文“她要用于给孩子们买礼物”形成的转折，故“instead”反而符合语境。故选B项。
94. 考查副词和形容词词义辨析。句意：令人高兴的是她不是孤单一人在做这件事。A. lonely 孤独的；B. single
单一的；C. alone 孤独的，单独地；D. enough 充足的；根据后文“several people…donated”可知有其他人捐款。
故她不是孤身一人在为孩子们做事。又因为空格处缺的是修饰整句话的副词，只有alone可作副词。故选C项。
95. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她社区的几个人挺身而出捐钱到她的这项事业中。A. stepped up 走上前来；B.
rose up 起义；C. stopped up 不睡觉；D. got up 起床；根据前后文可推断出这些捐钱的人是在帮助Renee，他们
是在艰难时期挺身而出做好事。故选A项。
96. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她社区的几个人挺身而出捐钱到她的这项事业中。A. cause 事业；B. event 事件；
C. family 家庭；D. festival 节日；根据前文她赚钱是为了给孩子们购买礼物，这是一项公益事业。故选A项。
97. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的帮助加上Uber的收入，她能够多次前往Target储备玩具。A. experience
经验；B. work 工作；C. customer 顾客；D. income 收入；根据前文可知做Uber的司机目的是“for some extra
money”，所以Uber给她增加了收入。故选D项。
98. 考查动词动词词义辨析。句意：他们的帮助加上Uber的收入，她能够多次前往Target储备玩具。A. pick 挑
选；B. take 拿；C. stock 备有；D. use 使用；由前文第二段最后一句可知赚钱是为了“buy presents”购买礼物，
因此她去Target买玩具就是为了准备礼物。而stock up on 意为“储备”符合句意。故选C项。99. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：实际上，她的办公室很快就装满了给学生们的礼物。A. books 书籍；B. pens 笔；
C. snacks 小吃；D. presents 礼物；由前文第二段最后一句可知赚钱是为了“buy presents”购买礼物，故特推出
办公室塞满的也是礼物。故选D项。
100. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道作为一个孩子没收到父母的礼物会多么伤心。A. happy 开心的；B.
down 悲伤的；C. thrilled 惊悚的；D. frightened 害怕的；根据后文“she didn’t do this for them, she would letting
them down.”可知她觉得要是她也没有准备礼物，她也会让孩子们伤心。故可推测前文父母没准备礼物的孩子们
伤心了。故选B项。
101. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：她觉得如果她也没有准备礼物，她也会让孩子们伤心。A. though 即使；B.
because 因为；C. if 如果；D. while 尽管；根据前文可知她一直努力为孩子们准备礼物，原因就在于如果不准
备，孩子们会失望难过。故选C项。
102. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有或是没有礼物，显然她不会让他们失望，因为她准备的礼物显然已经远远
超过所需要准备的。A. curious 好奇的；B. serious 严肃的；C. anxious 焦虑的；D. obvious 显然的；根据前一
段最后一句“her office is quickly filling up with presents…”可知她准备好了礼物了。而这一段前文又提到没有礼
物孩子会伤心。故显然准备好礼物的她不会让孩子们失望。故选D项。
103. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：有或是没有礼物，显然她不会让他们失望，因为她准备的礼物显然已经远远超
过所需要准备的。A. beyond 超过；B. under 在…...下；C. without 没有；D. behind 在…...后；根据前一段最后
一句“her office is quickly filling up with presents…”可知她准备好了许多礼物。而词组go above and beyond意为
“超出、多于”可用于表明她所储备的礼物已经远超于她应该准备的了。故选A项。
104. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“所有人都说我心胸阔达”，她补充道：“我说，‘不，我爱孩子’”。A.
explained 解释；B. admitted 承认；C. added 补充；D. claimed 声称；根据本句结构可看出前半句话没说完，她
继而补充说了第二句话，选项C 的add “补充”符合语境。故选C项。
105. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：完全可以说对这个无私的个人而言这两者都属实。A. free 自由的；B. true
真实的；C. optimistic 乐观的；D. hopeful 充满希望的；根据前一段可知对Renee有两个评价，一“have a big
heart”心胸阔达，二“love children”爱孩子。而空格前用“both”两者指代前文的两个评价，故表示作者赞同这两
个评价，都是真实的。故选B项。
