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完形填空主要考查考生在阅读理解基础上运用词汇和语法的能力。在一篇 300词左右的
短文中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题所给的四个选项中选出正确选项，使补全后的短文
意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。
题目类型
卷 体 形 感
年份 话题 名 动 副 介 连 习 考查动向
别 裁 容 叹
词 词 词 词 词 语
词 词
全 1.设题规律
说 孩子遮住
国 以动词、名词
明 眼睛玩捉 7 7 4 2 0 0 0 0
乙 为主，其次是
文 迷藏
卷 形容词、副
2022
全 词。着重考查
记 因狗结
国 考生的词汇运
叙 缘， 7 8 1 3 0 0 0 1
甲 用能力、阅读
文 终成眷属
卷 理解能力、分
全 析判断能力、
记 女病人向
国 逻辑推理能力
叙 医护人员 6 10 1 2 0 0 1 0
乙 和跨文化交际
文 致谢
卷 能力。
2021
全 2．选材特点
记
国 带辣香肠 主题语境包括
叙 4 10 4 1 0 0 0 1
甲 住酒店 人与自我、人
文
卷 与自然和人与
夹 社会，选材原
全
叙 父母不要 汁原味，语言
国
夹 对子女 8 6 3 2 1 0 0 0 地道，充满正
Ⅰ
议 撒谎 能量，倡导至
2020 卷
文 真至善至美的
全 价值观，在具
记 无意中购
4 11 3 2 0 0 0 0
国 体语境中考查
叙 得两幅名
Ⅱ 英语核心素卷 文 画的真迹
夹
全
叙
国 应对难对
夹 3 8 6 1 2 0 0 0 养。
Ⅲ 付的顾客
议
卷
文
综合分析近年来高考完形填空，考查以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，说明文和议论文出现
频率较低。本专题将结合不同的体裁，分别对不同的解题技法进行点拨。
第 1 讲 记叙文
记叙文类完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时
为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下几点：
解题要领 内容解读
中心思想有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。文章题目揭示中
抓住文章中心 心思想；如无题目，抓文章开头结尾，尤其是议论抒情的语
句，也可抓住文章的中心。
在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于走进作者的
明确叙述角度
思维，深入理解文章的含义。
记叙文的写作顺序有：顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清
理清写作顺序 写作顺序有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确
地理解文意。
弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人
明确写作要素 物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作
要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。
写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启
洞悉写作目的
迪或教益。
(2022·全国甲)
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years，I enjoyed living with my dogs，Tilly and Chance.Their 41 was nearlyenough to keep my loneliness at bay.Nearly.Last year，I started dating，but with 42 .When I
first dated Steve，I 43 he had a dog，Molly，and a cat，Flora.While I was 44 that he
was an animal lover，I 45 that three dogs were perhaps too many，and my dogs might
attack 46 ，the cat.
The next week we 47 our dogs together.It was a hot day.When we paused to catch our
48 ，Steve got down on one knee.Was he proposing(求婚)？I liked him too，but so 49 ？
He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 50 ，I began to fall for
him.
We 51 to date，though neither of us brought up the future.And then in late November，
Tilly had an operation on her 52 .I took the dogs out four times a day，and I worried that Tilly
53 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound.Then Steve 54 his house.All worked 55
.The three dogs formed a pack that，with coaching， 56 Flora’s space；Steve and I formed
a good team 57 for Tilly.We made good housemates.
A year later，much to my 58 ，this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to
me.He did not kneel(跪) down，nor did I 59 him to.That’s only for giving 60 to the
dogs that brought us together.
41．A.ownership B．membership
C．companionship D．leadership
42．A.reservations B．expectations
C．confidence D．prejudice
43．A.feared B．doubted
C．hoped D．learned
44．A.unsatisfied B．amused
C．terrified D．thrilled
45．A.predicted B．worried
C．regretted D．insisted
46．A.Flora B．Chance
C．Molly D．Tilly
47．A.tied B．walked
C．bathed D．fed
48．A.breath B．balance
C．attention D．imagination
49．A.calm B．sure
C．soon D．real
50．A.By the way B．In that case
C．By all means D．In that moment
51．A.continued B．decidedC．intended D．pretended
52．A.eye B．tail
C．ear D．leg
53．A.secretly B．constantly
C．eventually D．unwillingly
54．A.left B．sold
C．suggested D．searched
55．A.late B．hard
C．fine D．free
56．A.emptied B．respected
C．occupied D．discovered
57．A.looking B．caring
C．waiting D．calling
58．A.delight B．credit
C．interest D．disadvantage
59．A.beg B．trust
C．need D．aid
60．A.toys B．awards
C．food D．water
文本整体感知
中心思想 文章讲述了宠物狗帮主人促成的“姻缘”。
叙述角度 第一人称
写作顺序 顺叙(时间顺序)
dogs，companionship，poured water，dating，operation，reopen the
写作要素
wound，caring for，good housemates，kneel down
写作目的 体现了人与自我的主题语境
技法一 重首句，易入题
完形填空的题眼往往出现在文章的开头。通过把握首句，可以确定文章的主题、背景、
人物、时间、地点、事件等，从而把握文章的发展方向，达到顺利“入题”的目的。本文第
一句交代了故事背景和主要角色——人们可以通过人对待狗的方式判断一个人的品性，本文
的主要角色是我、我的狗和Steve。由此可推知下文可能要讲述我和我的狗与 Steve之间的
故事。
技法二 寻复现，找答案
对于完形填空选项的设置，命题人往往通过原词复现、同根词复现、同义词复现、近义
词复现、反义词复现、上下词复现等方式重现已经出现过的词汇。做题时，在把握语篇、透
析语境的前提下，应留心选项中是否有与上下文中相对应的词汇，运用词汇复现技巧快速锁定答案。本文第46题和60题为原词复现，由上文a cat，Flora可知46题答案，由上文He
poured water from a bottle into his hand可知60题答案。其他词汇复现方式如下：
(1)同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现
真题体验1 (2021·全国乙)
Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.I was considering this
while working as a 41 just a few weeks ago.And it came to me then how much easier it would
be if we had a range of words that express different 42.grades of gratitude(感谢)．
...
She was 49 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.On her day
of discharge，we shared in her 50.delight at her recovery.As she was 51.leaving she was eager to
say 52.goodbye to each of us in the nursing team.
41．A.cleaner B．chemist
C．nurse D．doctor
49．A.grateful B．thoughtful
C．sorrowful D．fearful
(2)同/近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式或者解释性的词汇复现
真题体验2 (2021·天津3月)
He 23.offered to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it.He also asked for unwanted
bikes，which he would repair again 24 .
24．A.by accident B．in advance
C．for free D．on credit
(3)反义词复现——意思相反或对比性解释的词汇复现
真题体验3 (2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)
She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world，stopping everywhere
from Paris to Singapore.It might sound like one long，expensive 42.vacation，but the couple has
an unusual way to make their travel 43 .
43．A.safe B．busy
C．helpful D．affordable
(4)上下词复现——总括与分述的词汇复现
真题体验4 (2020·全国Ⅰ)
Since our twins began learning to walk...
I hate lying to the kids...
I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences.I have a very
strong 51.fear that the lie we’re telling is doing 52.spiritual damage to our children.
49．A.parents B．twins
C．colleagues D．teachers(5)同场词汇复现——意义相关的词汇复现
意义相关的词汇复现在同一语篇中，构成以某一话题为中心的词汇链，因其共同出现的
倾向性，叫“同场”词汇。同场词汇之间有反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等，如：
different与same；cruel与friendly；death与destruction(毁灭)；ill，pale，nurse，doctor和
operation等。
真题体验5 (2022·全国乙)
We brought young children aged 2－4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.Each
47.child sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 .We then asked the child if
she could 49 or hear the adult.Surprisingly，children replied that they couldn’t.The same
50.thing happened when the adult covered her own mouth：51.Now children said that they
couldn’t 52 to her.
48．A.feet B．nose
C．hands D．ears
49．A.see B．help
C．reach D．fool
52．A.speak B．listen
C．turn D．wave
技法三 看语境，辨词义
语境就是指文章的上下文，着重考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理和判断
的能力。考生要通过上下文的提示或暗示，对文章进行整体把握。因此，在做题时要有全局
观念，开头的题目要从下文找答案，中间或最后的题目要从上下文查找信息，即使考查词组，
也是在理解语境前提下的词义复现。近几年的高考真题更侧重于考生对具体语境的把握，尤
其是对整篇文章语义的理解能力。所设选项中，三个干扰项不一定是错误的，而是不符合所
在语篇语言环境的特点，因此突出了语境化和整体性，主要涉及时间、地点、方向、情感、
动作等。本文第52、55题是通过分析上下文语境得知答案的。
(1)根据上文提示
真题体验1 (2022·全国乙)
However，we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42.bad at hiding.They often
cover only their eyes with their hands，leaving the rest of their bodies 43 .
43．A.exposed B．examined
C．untouched D．imbalanced
(2)根据下文提示
真题体验2 (2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)
The couple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go
beyond the homeowner’s 52.expectations.For Jessica，that means 53.sending plenty of pictures
of happy pets，keeping the house 54.clean and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next
house.“You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 55.decision，” she says.51．A.success B．survival
C．growth D．unemployment
Kwane Stewart stepped outside a convenience store in Modesto ，California，with his
morning coffee and spotted a 1 man sitting with his back against the building.A 2 sat in
the man’s lap.Stewart，a vet at an animal shelter， 3 its scratched-off fur and chewed-up
skin—common 4 of an allergic reaction to fleas(跳蚤)．He approached the man and 5
flea medicine for the dog’s skin，a gift the man 6 accepted.
“I remember returning a week and a half later，the 7 was coming back and the rash(皮
疹) was gone，” Stewart told the Modesto Bee.The man said his dog was 8 sleeping at
night again because it was no longer staying up 9 and chewing.“‘And you know，’ he
said，’I’m 10 at night.I used to be kept awake.’ He started to cry，thanking me
repeatedly，and I got 11 up too，” Stewart says.
Stewart was 12 .“When you give back，there is something you get in return that feels
much 13 .I knew I wanted to keep doing it，” he told medium.com.Stewart can often be
found 14 dark underpasses alone，anywhere he thinks the homeless might 15 ，with
his medical bag for most of the cases he comes across.
He knows there are some people who question 16 the homeless should even have
pets.How can they 17 them on the street？“I think that more than 18 ，they need a pet
and they deserve a pet，” Stewart told the Bee.“They love their pet probably more than the 19
person.Because，you know，the owner is the pet’s 20 .”
1．A.sad B．tired
C．sick D．homeless
2．A.pet B．dog
C．cat D．child
3．A.found B．examined
C．noticed D．felt
4．A.signs B．standards
C．phenomena D．appearances
5．A.wanted B．attempted
C．promised D．offered
6．A.formally B．possibly
C．readily D．unwillingly
7．A.memory B．hair
C．man D．time
8．A.finally B．alwaysC．rarely D．immediately
9．A.playing B．running
C．scratching D．consuming
10．A.sleeping B．crying
C．suffering D．wondering
11．A.set B．cheered
C．choked D．warmed
12．A.hooked B．determined
C．worried D．annoyed
13．A.larger B．harder
C．funnier D．truer
14．A.watching B．wandering
C．circling D．clearing
15．A.move out B．stay up
C．come from D．camp out
16．A.whether B．when
C．where D．how
17．A.look for B．belong to
C．adapt to D．care for
18．A.somebody B．anybody
C．everybody D．nobody
19．A.generous B．average
C．healthy D．normal
20．A.support B．love
C．home D．joy
